Academic literature on the topic 'Player retention mechanics'
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Journal articles on the topic "Player retention mechanics"
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Passalacqua, Mario, Raphaël Morin, Sylvain Sénécal, Lennart E. Nacke, and Pierre-Majorique Léger. "Demystifying the First-Time Experience of Mobile Games: The Presence of a Tutorial Has a Positive Impact on Non-Expert Players’ Flow and Continuous-Use Intentions." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 4, no. 3 (July 11, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti4030041.
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The purpose of video game tutorials is to help players easily understand new game mechanics and thereby facilitate chances of early engagement with the main contents of one’s game. The mobile game market (i.e., phones and tablets) faces important retention issues caused by a high number of players who abandon games permanently within 24 h of downloading them. A laboratory experiment with 40 players tested how tutorial presence and player expertise impact on users’ psychophysiological states and continuous-use intentions (CUIs). The results suggest that in a simple game context, tutorials have a positive impact on non-expert players’ perceived state of flow and have no effect on expert players’ perceived flow. The results also suggest that flow has a positive impact on CUIs for both experts and non-experts. The theoretical contributions and managerial implications of these results are discussed.
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Wight, Thomas N., and Susan Potter-Perigo. "The extracellular matrix: an active or passive player in fibrosis?" American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 301, no. 6 (December 2011): G950—G955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00132.2011.
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Fibrosis is characterized by excessive accumulation of collagen and other extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and this process has been likened to aberrant wound healing. The early phases of wound healing involve the formation of a provisional ECM containing fibrin, fibrinogen, and fibronectin. Fibroblasts occupy this matrix and proliferate in response to activators elaborated by leukocytes that have migrated into the wound and are retained by the ECM. This coincides with the appearance of the myofibroblast, a specialized form of fibroblast whose differentiation is primarily driven by cytokines, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and by mechanical tension. When these signals are reduced, as when TGF-β secretion is reduced, or as in scar shrinkage, myofibroblasts undergo apoptosis, resulting in a collagen-rich, cell-poor scar. Retention of myofibroblasts in fibrosis has been described as the result of imbalanced cytokine signaling, especially with respect to levels of activated TGF-β. ECM components can regulate myofibroblast persistence directly, since this phenotype is dependent on extracellular hyaluronan, tenascin-C, and the fibronectin splice variant containing the “extra domain A,” and also, indirectly, through retention of TGF-β-secreting cells such as eosinophils. Thus the ECM is actively involved in both cellular and extracellular events that lead to fibrosis. Targeting components of the ECM as cells respond to injury and inflammatory stimuli holds promise as a means to avoid development of fibrosis and direct the wound-healing process toward reestablishment of a healthy equilibrium.
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Santiago, Sérgio Lima, Eduardo Batista Franco, Juliano Sartori Mendonça, José Roberto Pereira Lauris, and Maria Fidela de Lima Navarro. "One-year clinical evaluation of tooth-colored materials in non-carious cervical lesions." Journal of Applied Oral Science 11, no. 3 (September 2003): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572003000300004.
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The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical performance of bonded composite (Excite/Tetric Ceram - Vivadent) versus a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Vitremer - 3M) for restoring non-carious cervical lesions. A total of 70 restorations (thirty-five per material) were placed in 30 patients, 18-50 aged, by one operator. Rubber dam was employed in all cases, lesions were pumiced, enamel margins were not beveled, and no mechanical retention was placed. The restorations were directly assessed by two independent evaluators using modified-USPHS criteria for six clinical categories. The ratings for clinical acceptability restorations (alfa plus bravo) were as follows (Tetric Ceram/Vitremer): retention (86%/100%), marginal integrity (100%/100%), marginal discoloration (100%/100%), wear (97%/100%), postoperative sensitivity (100%/100%) and recurrent caries (100%/100%). Statistical analysis was completed with Fisher's exact or Pearson Chi-square tests at a significance level of 5% (P<0.05). Results showed that almost all restorations were clinically satisfactory with no significant differences between materials groups. Five restorations of Excite/Tetric Ceram failed. No restorations of Vitremer have yet failed.
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Pintilie, Stefan Catalin, Laurentia Geanina Tiron, Andreea Liliana Lazar, Maria Vlad, Iulian Gabriel Birsan, and Stefan Balta. "The Influence of ZnO/TiO2 Nanohybrid Blending on the Ultrafiltration Polysulfone Membranes." Materiale Plastice 55, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.18.1.4963.
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In recent years, the inorganic nanoparticles played an important role in the membrane technology due to their special properties, most notably being the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity modification of the active surface of the membrane. In this paper, the polymer used for membrane manufacturing was polysulfone (PSf) via phase-inversion method. The composite PSf membranes were prepared by blending zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and ZnO/TiO2 nanohybrid with three concentrations. Retention of Congo red dye, distilled water permeability, relative flux and relative flux reduction were tested in order to study the effects of the nanoparticles in the membrane matrix. SEM, EDX, porosity, roughness, contact angle, tensile strength and elongation measurement were conducted in this article, also. Compared with control PSf, ZnO/PSf and TiO2/PSf membranes, the experimental results indicated that the ZnO/TiO2/PSf nanohybrid membrane presents the best overall properties, including permeability, retention, and antifouling ability. ZnO/TiO2/PSf membrane exhibits a percentage increase in permeability of 254% and retention of 64.58 % relative to that of the control PSf membrane.
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Santiago, Sérgio Lima, Vanara Florêncio Passos, Alessandra Helen Magacho Vieira, Maria Fidela de Lima Navarro, José Roberto Pereira Lauris, and Eduardo Batista Franco. "Two-year clinical evaluation of resinous restorative systems in non-carious cervical lesions." Brazilian Dental Journal 21, no. 3 (2010): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402010000300010.
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This controlled clinical trial evaluated the 2-year clinical performance of a one-bottle etch-and-rinse adhesive and resin composite system (Excite/Tetric Ceram) compared to a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) (Vitremer/3M) in non-carious cervical lesions. Seventy cervical restorations (35 resin composite - RC- restorations and 35 RMGIC restorations) were placed by a single operator in 30 patients under rubber dam isolation without mechanical preparation. All restorations were evaluated blindly by 2 independent examiners using the modified USPHS criteria at baseline, and after 6, 12 and 24 months. Data were analyzed statistically by Fisher's exact and McNemar tests. After 2 years, 59 out of 70 restorations were evaluated. As much as 78.8% retention rate was recorded for RC restorations, while 100% retention was obtained for RMGIC restorations. Fisher's exact test showed significant differences (p=0.011) for retention. However, there were no significant differences for marginal integrity, marginal discoloration, anatomic form and secondary caries between the RC and RMGIC restorations. The McNemar test detected significant differences for Excite/TC between baseline and the 2-year recall for retention (p=0.02), marginal integrity (p=0.002) and anatomic form (p=0.04). Therefore, the one-bottle etch-and-rinse bonding system/resin composite showed an inferior clinical performance compared to the RMGIC.
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Gruenewald, David A. "Can Health Care Rationing Ever Be Rational?" Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 40, no. 1 (2012): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2012.00641.x.
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Mr. M. was a 77-year-old decisionally incapacitated long-term nursing home resident with chronic schizophrenia who was admitted to the hospital with a bacterial pneumonia. His past medical history was notable for deteriorating functional status over the past 2-3 years, urinary retention requiring chronic indwelling bladder catheterization, and two recent hospitalizations for urinary tract infections leading to sepsis. He developed respiratory failure soon after admission and was intubated and placed on mechanical ventilation. Follow-up studies suggested worsening pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), as well as worsening kidney function.
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Lutful Kabir, M. D., Subir Paul, Sang-June Choi, and Hee Jin Kim. "Improved Electrochemical and Mechanical Properties of Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)/Nafion® Membrane for Fuel Cell Applications." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 7793–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18979.
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A novel blend of membranes made of Nafion® and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) was prepared and characterized to investigate its applicability in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In addition to being effectively proton conductive, the membranes exhibited better mechanical strength, chemical stability, and adequate water retention ability, as well as ion exchange capacity comparable to that of cast Nafion® membrane. The data obtained from an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) fitting of the fuel cells revealed the membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) made of 0.5 wt.% PVP/Nafion® had lower ohmic and charge transfer resistance compared with that of the Nafion® membrane. The intermolecular interactions and morphology of these membranes were assessed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The results of the performance curve indicate that the introduction of PVP as a modifier played a vital role in improving membrane performance. Accordingly, this solution-casted polymer electrolyte membrane with suitable PVP content offers a simple way to improve electrochemical, mechanical, and chemical properties, and thereby promises the prospect of use in low-temperature PEMFCs.
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Easley, Jeremiah, Christian Puttlitz, Cecily Broomfield, Ross Palmer, Alexander Jones, and Kirk C. McGilvray. "Biomechanical and Histological Assessment of a Polyethylene Terephthalate Screw Retention Technology in an Ovine Metatarsal Fracture Model." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 33, no. 03 (February 23, 2020): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402518.
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Abstract Objective Screw loosening in fracture fixation poses a clinical risk which may lead to implant failure, particularly in poor bone quality. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a novel screw retention technology (SRT) for increased screw purchase in a large animal metatarsal fracture model. Study Design This was a biomechanical, radiographic, and histological study utilizing an ovine metatarsal fracture model. Twenty-four sheep metatarsi underwent 3-mm ostectomies and were repaired with a nine-hole plate and 3.5-mm screws placed in oversized 3.5-mm holes to simulate worst case revision surgeries (i.e. no initial screw thread bone contact). Sheep were sacrificed at 3, 6 or 12 weeks (n = 6 each) post-operation. Post-sacrifice, each surgically implanted screw underwent either destructive mechanical testing or histomorphometric analyses. Results Treated metatarsi showed improved screw retention and normal fracture healing. Significant improvement in breakout strength and pullout strength of screws treated with the SRT were found as a function of healing time. Histologically, bone ingrowth at the screw interface was also shown to significantly increase with healing time. Improvements in fracture healing, indicated by an increase in bone fraction and decrease in void space at the osteotomy, were also observed with healing time. Conclusion The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the SRT as a method for improved screw retention in a rescue-screw type scenario.
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Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Ignacio, Hector deLlanos-Lanchares, Aritza Brizuela-Velasco, Jose-Antonio Alvarez-Riesgo, Santiago Llorente-Pendas, Mariano Herrero-Climent, and Angel Alvarez-Arenal. "Complications of Fixed Full-Arch Implant-Supported Metal-Ceramic Prostheses." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12 (June 14, 2020): 4250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124250.
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We aimed to assess the biological and mechanical-technical complications and survival rate of implants of full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses, during five years of follow-up. 558 implants (of three different brands) retaining 80 full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses were placed in 65 patients, all of whom were examined annually for biological and mechanical-technical complications during the five years of follow-up. Descriptive statistics and univariate logistic regression were calculated. The cumulative survival rate of the implants was 99.8%, and 98.8% prosthesis-based. Mucositis was the most frequent of the biological complications and peri-implantitis was recorded as 13.8% at restoration-level, 16.9% at patient level and 2.0% at implant level. An implant length greater than 10 mm was shown to be a protective factor against biological complications. The mechanical-technical complications were associated with implant diameter, abutment/implant connection and retention system. Loss of screw access filling was the most frequent prosthetic complication, followed by the fracture of the porcelain. Full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses show a high prevalence of implant and prosthesis survival, with few biological and mechanical-technical complications.
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Fagundes, TC, TJE Barata, E. Bresciani, SL Santiago, EB Franco, JRP Lauris, and MF Navarro. "Seven-Year Clinical Performance of Resin Composite Versus Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Restorations in Noncarious Cervical Lesions." Operative Dentistry 39, no. 6 (November 1, 2014): 578–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/13-054-c.
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SUMMARY Purpose The purpose of this study was to comparatively assess the seven-year clinical performance of a one-bottle etch-and-rinse adhesive with resin composite (RC) and resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) restorations in noncarious cervical lesions. Methods and Materials One operator placed 70 restorations (35 restorations in each group) in 30 patients under rubber dam isolation without mechanical preparation. The restorations were directly assessed by two independent examiners, using modified US Public Health Service criteria at baseline and 6, 12, 24, 60, and 84 months. The obtained data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using the Fisher and McNemar tests. A difference was significant if p<0.05. Results Twenty patients were available for recall after seven years (66.6%), and 25 RC and 26 RMGI restorations out of 70 restorations were evaluated. Excellent agreement was registered for all criteria between examiners (κ≥0.85). Alfa and bravo scores were classified as clinically acceptable. The McNemar test detected significant differences within RC restorations between baseline and seven-year evaluations for anatomic form, marginal integrity, and retention (p<0.05). For RMGI restorations, a significant difference was identified for marginal integrity (p<0.05). As to material comparison, the Fisher exact showed a better retention performance for RMGI restorations than for RC restorations (p<0.05). Twelve composite restorations were dislodged (52.0% retention) and three ionomer restorations were lost (88.5% retention). The cumulative success rate for RC and RMGI was 30% and 58.1%, respectively. Conclusions After seven years of service, the clinical performance of RMGI restorations was superior to that of the adhesive system/resin composite restorations in this study.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Player retention mechanics"
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Fredlund, Arvid. "ANVÄNDNING AV ”PLAYER RETENTION MECHANICS” FÖR ATT ÖKA TRÄNINGSMOTIVATION." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-19987.
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Människor blir mer och mer stillasittande (Raustorp & Fröberg 2018). Tidigare forskning har gjorts för att ta reda på om det går att motivera mänskor till att röra sig mer med hjälp av aktiverade spel. Smeddincka, Herrlichb, Wangc, Zhangd och Malakae (2018) kom fram till att deltagare fick en högre motivation till att träna om de visste att de fick en belöning i ett spel för att göra det. Undersökningen i detta dokument har tagit reda på om det går att höja människors motivation till att motionera ytterligare med hjälp av specifika ”player retention mechanics”. Två versioner av en träningsapplikation har skapats. Deltagarna i undersökningen blev uppdelade i två grupper och fick testa en av de två versionerna under en vecka. Resultatet visade att de deltagare som testade applikationen med de specifika ”player retention mechanics” ökade antalet steg under veckan med 20.4%. Gruppen utan ökade enbart antalet steg med 11.2%.Det finns övrigt digitalt material (t.ex. film-, bild- eller ljudfiler) eller modeller/artefakter ijllhörande examensarbetet somska skickas till arkivet.
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Fredlund, Arvid. "ANVÄNDNING AV ”PLAYERRETENTION MECHANICS” FÖRATT ÖKA TRÄNINGSMOTIVATION." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-19987.
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Människor blir mer och mer stillasittande (Raustorp & Fröberg 2018). Tidigare forskning har gjorts för att ta reda på om det går att motivera mänskor till att röra sig mer med hjälp av aktiverade spel. Smeddincka, Herrlichb, Wangc, Zhangd och Malakae (2018) kom fram till att deltagare fick en högre motivation till att träna om de visste att de fick en belöning i ett spel för att göra det. Undersökningen i detta dokument har tagit reda på om det går att höja människors motivation till att motionera ytterligare med hjälp av specifika ”player retention mechanics”. Två versioner av en träningsapplikation har skapats. Deltagarna i undersökningen blev uppdelade i två grupper och fick testa en av de två versionerna under en vecka. Resultatet visade att de deltagare som testade applikationen med de specifika ”player retention mechanics” ökade antalet steg under veckan med 20.4%. Gruppen utan ökade enbart antalet steg med 11.2%.Det finns övrigt digitalt material (t.ex. film-, bild- eller ljudfiler) eller modeller/artefakter ijllhörande examensarbetet somska skickas till arkivet.
Books on the topic "Player retention mechanics"
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Turner, Neil, and Premil Rajakrishna. Pathophysiology of oedema in nephrotic syndrome. Edited by Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0053.
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The mechanism by which loss of serum proteins into the urine causes expansion of extracellular fluid volume and oedema has become clearer. A key initiating abnormality is avid sodium retention by the kidney, leading to increased whole-body sodium and increased extracellular fluid volume. This appears to be driven primarily by overactivation of the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in the collecting duct, activated proteolytically through abnormal filtration of plasminogen, and its activation to plasmin in the nephron. Conventional explanations for nephrotic oedema focused on low colloid osmotic pressure as a consequence of loss of serum proteins, leading to egress of extracellular fluid from the intravascular compartment. It was hypothesized that this led to underfilling of the circulation and a drive to sodium retention. While low osmotic pressure may play a part in the clinical picture of nephrotic syndrome, a variety of observations suggest that underfilling is not a common feature except in the most severe nephrotic syndrome. Furthermore the gradient in colloid osmotic pressure between serum and interstitium tends to be preserved in nephrotic syndrome. The distribution of excess extracellular fluid is markedly different in patients with nephrotic syndrome from that seen in patients who have reduced glomerular filtration rate as the cause of sodium retention. This is not fully understood but hypotheses centre on capillary permeability and colloid osmotic pressure effects.
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Sever, Mehmet Şükrü, and Raymond Vanholder. Acute kidney injury in polytrauma and rhabdomyolysis. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0252_update_001.
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The term ‘polytrauma’ refers to blunt (or crush) trauma that involves multiple body regions or cavities, and compromises physiology to potentially cause dysfunction of uninjured organs. Polytrauma frequently affects muscles resulting in rhabdomyolysis. In daily life, it mostly occurs after motor vehicle accidents, influencing a limited number of patients; after mass disasters, however, thousands of polytrauma victims may present at once with only surgical features or with additional medical complications (crush syndrome). Among the medical complications, acute kidney injury (AKI) deserves special mention, since it is frequent and has a substantial impact on the ultimate outcome.Several factors play a role in the pathogenesis of polytrauma (or crush)-induced AKI: (1) hypoperfusion of the kidneys, (2) myoglobin-induced direct nephrotoxicity, and intratubular obstruction, and also (3) several other mechanisms (i.e. iron and free radical-induced damage, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and ischaemia reperfusion injury). Crush-related AKI is prerenal at the beginning; however, acute tubular necrosis may develop eventually. In patients with crush syndrome, apart from findings of trauma, clinical features may include (but are not limited to) hypotension, oliguria, brownish discoloration of urine, and other symptoms and findings, such as sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, bleeding, cardiac failure, arrhythmias, electrolyte disturbances, and also psychological trauma.In the biochemical evaluation, life-threatening hyperkalaemia, retention of uraemic toxins, high anion gap metabolic acidosis, elevated serum levels of myoglobin, and muscle enzymes are noted; creatine phosphokinase is very useful for diagnosing rhabdomyolysis.Early fluid administration is vital to prevent crush-related AKI; the rate of initial fluid volume should be 1000 mL/hour. Overall, 3–6 L are administered within a 6-hour period considering environmental, demographic and clinical features, and urinary response to fluids. In disaster circumstances, the preferred fluid formulation is isotonic saline because of its ready availability. Alkaline (bicarbonate-added) hypotonic saline may be more useful, especially in isolated cases not related to disaster, as it may prevent intratubular myoglobin, and uric acid plugs, metabolic acidosis, and also life-threatening hyperkalaemia.In the case of established acute tubular necrosis, dialysis support is life-saving. Although all types of dialysis techniques may be used, intermittent haemodialysis is the preferred modality because of medical and logistic advantages. Close follow-up and appropriate treatment improve mortality rates, which may be as low as 15–20% even in disaster circumstances. Polytrauma victims after mass disasters deserve special mention, because crush syndrome is the second most frequent cause of death after trauma. Chaos, overwhelming number of patients, and logistical drawbacks often result in delayed, and sometimes incorrect treatment. Medical and logistical disaster preparedness is useful to improve the ultimate outcome of disaster victims.
Book chapters on the topic "Player retention mechanics"
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Raventós, Clara Marsan. "Data Retention and Security in Europe." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 46–66. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0891-7.ch005.
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This chapter describes today’s environment of telecommunications data, one where a permanent tension between security, on the one hand, and privacy, on the other, are in a fragile equilibrium. Against this background, the chapter explores the contours of a new right to digital privacy in Europe, a right that belongs to one’s personal development and freedom. Firstly, it looks at how it has been jurisprudentially conceived in Germany (in particular through the two recent cases on “on-line searches” [2008] and on the law implementing the Data Retention EC Directive [2010]). Secondly, it explores how this acquis on the right to digital privacy is increasingly present in other member states. Finally, it will be argued that an international agreement on the right to digital privacy should be put in place through the concurrence of all private (ITs) and public stakeholders involved. The latter should agree on the minimum content of this right, as well as on the different channels to enforce it (through legal remedies but also other mechanisms such as “privacy by design”).
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Lowe, N. V., G. Douglas, E. Hitchings, and R. Taylor. "22. International Parental Child Abduction." In Bromley's Family Law, 812–74. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198806691.003.0022.
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This chapter concerns parental child abduction, that is, where one parent takes the child to another place or jurisdiction without the other’s consent. The chapter discusses the issue both where the abduction is within the UK and where the child is taken to a foreign jurisdiction. The chapter begins by looking at the mechanisms to prevent abduction. It then considers the inter-UK position under the Family Law Act 1986 followed by an examination of the international position first with regard to abductions to and from ‘non-Convention countries’ and then with regard to those governed principally by the 1980 Hague Abduction Convention. In the latter regard it discusses the concepts of rights of custody, wrongful removal and wrongful retention and habitual residence. It then examines the making and refusing to make orders for the child’s return and ends with a discussion about the position with regard to access.
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Mifune, Mizuo, and Yoshihiko Kanno. "Hypertension as Three Systematic Dysregulations of Na+ Homeostasis in Terrestrial Mammal, and Salt in Gut Might Cause Brain Inflammation." In Psychology and Patho-physiological Outcomes of Eating [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98904.
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Although Na+ homeostasis in vivo is essential for mammals, it is known that excessive salt (NaCl) intake has played a major role in the development of hypertension. In vivo, there is a hormonal system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), that specializes in regulating Na+ retention, especially the amount of Na+ in plasma. Na+ homeostasis in vivo has been achieved mainly by the RAAS, through regulation of vascular tonus (blood pressure) and Na+ handling in the kidney (Na+ diuresis). Recent studies have revealed a third mechanism of Na+ homeostasis in vivo: regulation of interstitial Na+ levels in tissues, such as subcutaneous tissues, by tissue macrophage immunity. In the pathogenesis of salt-sensitive hypertension, Recent research have been revealed that three molecular axes (Ang II - Rho/NOX-eNOS system, Aldosterone-rac1 -ENaC system, and tissue Na+ − TonEBP in macrophage -VEGF-c) are significantly involved in maintaining Na+ homeostasis in salt induced hypertension. Furthermore, the mechanism by which salt causes hypertension via the immune system (intestinal, local mucosal, and tissue immunity) has also been reported. In this article, we would like to propose that three molecular dysfunctions are involved in the development of salt-sensitive hypertension through three immunological mechanisms in the maintenance of Na+ homeostasis. Next, I would like to explain the importance of gut-RAAS and abnormality of intestinal microflora (dysbiosis) in salt-sensitive hypertension. It has been known that the metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acid neural amino) produced by microflora are deeply involved in central (CNS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity. In addition, we would like to explain of the importance of brain-RAAS and cerebral inflammation in salt-sensitive hypertension. Moreover, recent research have revealed that the detection-mechanism in the brain for Na+ concentration([Na+]) in vivo and in the tongue for [Na+] in diet. These finding suggests that excessive salt intake may cause brain dysfunction, most delicate organ, before the onset of salt sensitive hypertension, and may also destroy brain structure after the onset of salt sensitive hypertension. Thus, we would like to insist that excessive salt intake might not only induce hypertension, but also be toxic especially for brain. Finally, we would like to explain that The DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) is one of the universal diets for adult human, not only by reducing salt, but also by reducing metabolic stress and improving of dysbiosis.
Conference papers on the topic "Player retention mechanics"
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Legner, Lukas, Chloe Eghtebas, and Gudrun Klinker. "Persuasive Mobile Game Mechanics For User Retention." In CHI PLAY '19: The Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3341215.3356261.
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Klopp, Richard W. "Failure Analysis of Redundant Escalator Chain Pin Retention Mechanisms." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-65683.
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The pins in new escalator chains were observed to have drifted laterally out of the chain side plates within a few hours of startup. The force driving this movement was sufficient to overcome a light interference fit and retaining rings intended to restrain the pins. Neither pins with heavy interference fit nor connector pins with sliding fits exhibited this tendency to drift. A failure analysis showed that even if the pins and side plates had been manufactured with a heavy interference fit, the sharp edge of the retaining ring groove acted as a broaching tool during assembly, shaving out and enlarging the side plate hole, and destroying the intended fit. The driving force for pin drift was traced to the hysteretic force and rotation sequence as the chain traveled around the escalator sprockets, which led to a walking mechanism that imparted a lateral force sufficient to move the pins and overcome the retaining rings.
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Soto, Anali, Veronica Torreblanca, and Devdatta Kulkarni. "Design and Testing of Liquid Cooled Thermal Solution for High Loading (Socket P) Processors." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86730.
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In recent years, semiconductor industry has manufactured processors which can be socketed and installed using specially designed retention mechanisms. Due to increased power and I/O capabilities for processors from generation to generation, the number of pins on the socket is increasing. This pin number increase is translated directly to increased retention loading force on thermal management solutions for reliable electrical contact and thermal interface material actuation. For recent generation of Intel® Xeon® Scalable Processor Family, a maximum retention force of 1334 N (300 lbf) needs to be transferred to the socket via thermal solution i.e. heat sink or cold plate. In liquid cooling applications, this high loading requirement calls for a stiffer cold plate. At the same time, other regulatory and thermal requirements such as burst pressure and thermal performance need to be satisfied. A liquid cooled thermal solution was developed for the Intel® Xeon® Scalable Processor Family Platform. This thermal solution considers a modular bracket design which allows changing the material responsible for the load application on the thermal solution for a stronger and/or lighter one, without impacting the thermal performance due to material selection. This paper presents the design strategy, numerical analysis, test fixture setup for mechanical and thermal analysis, and prototype test results for mechanical and thermal performance of designed cold plates. This paper will be helpful to guide the thermal community to design a liquid cooled thermal solution for future generation of processors in data center applications and as well as for different electronic components.
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Hensel, Edward, and Amy Hortop. "On the Path to World Class Retention." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15893.
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Retention of students from the first to second year of engineering programs has long been recognized as an important and challenging hurdle. The Mechanical Engineering Department at RIT has implemented several changes to its first year programs and student support services during the preceding five years, which have resulted in a significant increase in one-year retention. During the 2005-06 academic year, additional support services were provided to first year learning communities in combination with course offering logistics modifications. Additional focus was placed on building a firm relationship between each student and their faculty adviser. Six initiatives were studied during the 2005-06 academic year, resulting in a projected first year retention rate of 98% at the institution, and 96% retention within the mechanical engineering department.
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Baque, F., C. Haudiquet, and P. Major. "Superphénix LMFR Decommissioning Sodium Retention Treatment by Mechanical Drilling of Internal Structures." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1223.
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Abstract For the decommissioning of the French 1200 MWe Liquid Metal Fast Reactor SUPERPHENIX, twenty-five processes were selected to pierce liquid sodium trapping zones after draining of the main vessel. Four processes were chosen and closely studied: mechanical drilling, laser shooting, high pressure liquid cutting, replacement of liquid sodium by another heavier liquid. Mechanical drilling was finally selected: some in-air tests at room temperature were performed with conventional machines, then some in-sodium tests at 180°C, using a prototype machine. The drilling conditions and tools, the chip recovering sequence and the efficiency of the scenario (four successive drilling operations in three piled plates) were validated: the liquid sodium was drained off.
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Wimmer, Stephanie A., Virginia G. DeGiorgi, Edward P. Gorzkowski, and John Drazin. "Computational Three-Dimensional Microstructure Defect Distributions in Thermal Barrier Coatings." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70405.
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Thermal protection of components such as turbine blades is often done with thermal barrier coatings which are typically ceramic materials. Methods to manufacture ceramic coatings are being developed to create microstructures that optimize thermal protection without degrading mechanical properties of the coating. The coating requires sufficient mechanical properties to remain in place during loads associated with the operation of the component. The work presented in this paper is part of a broader effort that focuses on novel processing techniques. A fabrication method of interest is the inclusion of spherical micron-sized pores to scatter photons at high temperatures along with nano-sized grains to scatter phonons. Pores are sized and distributed so that mechanical strength is maintained. In the current work, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is modeled. Three-dimensional microstructures representing YSZ are computationally generated. The defect sizes and orientations are generated to match an experimentally observed distribution. The defects are either randomly or regularly placed in the microstructural models. Stress-displacement analysis is used to determine effective bulk material properties. Comparisons are made to prior two-dimensional work and to experimental measurements available in the literature as appropriate. The influences that defect distributions and three dimensional effects have on the effective bulk material properties are quantified. This work is a preliminary step toward understanding the impacts that micron sized pores, voids and cracks have on thermal and mechanical characteristics. The goal is to facilitate optimizing the microstructure for thermal protection and strength retention.
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Rahman, M. A., and A. M. Jacobi. "Experimental Study of Wetting Anisotropy and Condensate Drainage Enhancement on Microgrooved Aluminum Surface." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64247.
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Minimization of condensate (frost melt water) retention on a surface operating under frosting/defrosting condition is of tremendous importance in a wide range of air conditioning and refrigeration applications. In the present study, the wetting characteristics, condensation and frosting pattern and the drainage of frost melt water from aluminum surfaces with parallel microgrooves have been examined and compared to the flat baseline surfaces. These surfaces are fabricated by topographical modification only, via standard photolithographic process. The microgrooved samples exhibit wetting anisotropy and static contact angles are as high as 149 and 112° when viewed from parallel and perpendicular directions to the grooves, respectively. Frost is grown on the samples inside a thermally controlled chamber at 3 different plate temperatures of −8°C, −13°C and −18°C, air temperature of 20±2°C and for 3 relative humidity conditions (50%, 70% and 90%). The duration of the frosting cycle is 45 minutes and tests are continued up to 5 frosting cycles, each time defrosting for a certain length of time at the end of frosting period. Significantly different size, shape and distribution of condensed and frozen water droplets on the grooved surfaces are observed from that on the flat baselines. The microgrooved samples are found to manifest better water drainage behavior and drained up to 50% more melt water compared to the flat baseline surfaces. While the amount of water retention on the baseline surfaces increases in the subsequent refrost cycles and is highest in the 5th frost cycle, the microgrooved surfaces show consistently improved water drainage in all cycles.
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Rahman, M. A., and A. M. Jacobi. "Wetting Behavior and Drainage of Water Droplets on Microgrooved Brass Surface." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64255.
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In the present study, we report the contact angle hysteresis and drainage behavior of water drops on a number of brass surfaces with parallel microgrooves and compare them to the flat baseline surfaces. Parallel micro-grooves with different groove dimensions are fabricated by micro end-milling process without any modification of the surface chemistry. Advancing and receding contact angles in both parallel and perpendicular direction of the grooves and also the drainage behavior of water droplets on the microgrooved surfaces is found to be considerably affected by change in groove geometry parameters. Very high hysteresis is observed for both low (< 0.2) and high aspect ratio (> 0.7) of grooves and also for surfaces with lower groove spacing due to the droplets being in a Wenzel state. For intermediate aspect ratio (0.25–0.70) and larger spacing of the grooves, droplets remain in a Cassie state and the hysteresis is lower in both directions than that on the flat surfaces. Variation of critical sliding angle (angle at the point of incipient sliding of water droplets due to gravity) with groove geometry is investigated for a range of water droplet volume of 15 to 75 μl. Droplets of all volumes are found to slide much more readily on grooved surfaces than when placed on the flat baseline surfaces. Height and spacing of the grooves are also found to have significant influence on the sliding of the water droplets, as critical inclination angle decreased with groove height and increased with groove spacing. The results from this study may be useful in a broad range of applications where water retention plays an important role.
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Kugler, Lindsay E., Kenneth W. Ng, Christopher J. O’Conor, Gerard A. Ateshian, and Clark T. Hung. "Scaffold Properties Play a Critical Role in the Retention of Synthesized Glycosaminoglycans in Tissue Engineered Cartilage." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176558.
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Agarose has been used as a model scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering research due to its maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype, support of cartilage tissue development, and ability to transmit mechanical stimuli [1–4]. In a previous study, the temporal application of TGF-β3 for only 2 weeks resulted in explosive growth in the functional properties of tissue engineered cartilage [5]. The role of scaffolds in tissue engineering includes providing a physiologic three-dimensional environment for cells, decreased path lengths for diffusion and retention of cell elaborated matrix. In past studies by our laboratory, it was hypothesized that the scaffold properties in engineered cartilage plays a crucial role in the retention of synthesized glycosaminoglycan (GAG) molecules, a major extracellular matrix constituent of articular cartilage [6, 7]. This study focuses on testing this hypothesis using 3%, 2%, and 1% (wt/vol) agarose as scaffolds for engineered cartilage.
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Oates, William S., and Alexei Gruverman. "Polarization Swiching in (111) Oriented PZT Thin Films." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13862.
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Local domain structures in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) ferroelectric thin films have been investigated using linear finite element analysis to qualitatively assess the effect of crystal structure, domain wall orientation and mechanical constraints from electrodes on local polarization switching behavior. The finite element model was used to illustrate that the evolution of residual stress during polarization reorientation may play an important role in the backswitching behavior which has been observed experimentally in (111)-orientated PZT films. The domain size and orientation used in the finite element model utilizes domain sizes determined from piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) measurements given in the literature together with domain wall orientation from strain and charge compatibility in the (111) orientation. During polarization switching, domains with polarization components aligned anti-parallel to the applied field are expected to switch 90° to partially align with the applied field. 180° switching is not expected to occur in the (111) oriented film. The 90° switching induces residual stress that is computed using the finite element model. It is illustrated that thicker top electrodes increase the residual stress in the ferroelectric layer which may play an important role in polarization retention behavior in ferroelectric capacitors.