Journal articles on the topic 'Play tactics'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Play tactics.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Play tactics.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Dai, Zhao. "Complexity Computer Simulation in the Study of the Overall Playing Method of Campus Football." Complexity 2021 (April 23, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9920443.
Full textAbstract:
With the mutual exchange and integration of world football, modern football is in an increasingly comprehensive direction. This research mainly discusses complexity computer simulation in the study of the overall play of campus football. Complexity computer simulation is used to design the background of the simulated football field, and the area is divided according to the size ratio of the actual football field. Then, it uses drawing software to draw the football and player controls. The construction of the knowledge base of this paper is mainly combined with the functional modules of rapid formation and response tactics. In the fast formation function, the required formation can be quickly given through football experience and knowledge rules. In the applied tactics function, for the responsibilities of forwards, midfielders, defenders, and other roles, the tactics implemented are given, including partially coordinated offensive and defensive tactics, personal offensive and defensive tactics, and set-ball tactics. The “holistic play” football tactics studied in this paper use XML files as recording and playback data, which not only greatly reduce the amount of file data but also make the operation of XML files intuitive and simple. XML can not only realize the recording and playback of player and football track but also be used in the function of rapid formation. The coach uses the “holistic play” football tactics simulation to demonstrate the movement route through the image, guide the players in each position to perceive the game scene by observing the movement route, and analyze and judge the tactical coordination of their respective positions. The computer simulation tactical analysis of the precision of the passing and running and the path coefficient of the passing factor is 0.606 and 0.59, respectively. This research helps to provide guidance on the overall playing tactics of football.
2
Haverila, Matti J., and Nicholas Ashill. "Launch Effort and NPD Success: A Study of Technology Intensive Companies in Finland." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 11, no. 04 (July 25, 2014): 1450024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877014500242.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, we present an exploratory investigation of the types of product launch tactics managers use in technology-intensive companies in Finland and explore the role that such tactics play in differentiating between successful and unsuccessful NPD outcomes. Our findings indicate that managers perceive two types of tactical product launch tactics during the NPD process, which we label "promotions and sales-distribution effort" and "production start-up effort". All tactical launch effort variables are positively related to NPD success. This study identifies similarity in the way of how managers conceptualize the launch effort in successful and unsuccessful NPD projects.
3
FEHIMOVIĆ, DUNJA. "Not Child's Play: Tactics and Strategies inViva CubaandHabanastation." Bulletin of Latin American Research 34, no. 4 (May 15, 2015): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/blar.12368.
Full text
4
Koroliova, Valeriia. "Confrontational communicative strategies in dramaturgy: classics vs modernity." Culture of the Word, no. 91 (2019): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/0201-419x-2019.91.9.
Full textAbstract:
Conflict is the main genre of play and the driving force behind drama. Internal communication of contemporary dramaturgical discourse is to some extent tense and uncomfortable which is motivated by the generic specificity of play and expressed in non-combining of communicative intentions of characters. Conflict strategies are verbalized by conflict, including strategies of manipulation and speech aggression. The strategy of language aggression involves usage of tactics of insult, irony, criticism, mockery, provocation and more. A confrontational manipulation strategy can be expressed in tactics of threat, indignation, rejection, pressure, demands, etc. These tactics are aimed at seizing the communicative space to impose one’s interests on a partner. During a conflict confrontational strategies in contemporary plays are characterized by usage of tactics with a high degree of negativity that, at the conflict peak, transform insult into the goal of communication in itself. The strategy of language aggression involves usage of tactics of insult, irony, criticism, mockery, provocation and more. The purpose of speech aggression tactics is to express a negative assessment of the addressee and to reduce his or her self-esteem. In I. Kotliarevsky’s plays characters using the tactics of insult or reproach make sure to comment explaining to the addressee the reasons for their language aggression. At the same time in modern dramaturgy the image or criticism is largely autonomous. Confrontation is one-sided in the process of language communication. When intensified confrontational stimuli can be both stimulus and response responses. At the same time plays of I. Kotliarevsky lack open confrontation, which exacerbates conflict of a communication situation. Modern plays show a broader and more aggressive range of confrontational tactics as well as more active usage of them. I. Kotliarevsky’s characters often show desire to alleviate the conflict, as soon as possible to get out of the conflict situation, using weakened tactics of confrontation.
5
Blackwood, Julie C., Ludek Berec, Takehiko Yamanaka, Rebecca S. Epanchin-Niell, Alan Hastings, and Andrew M. Liebhold. "Bioeconomic synergy between tactics for insect eradication in the presence of Allee effects." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1739 (March 21, 2012): 2807–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.0255.
Full textAbstract:
Preventing the establishment of invading pest species can be beneficial with respect to averting future environmental and economic impacts and also in preventing the accumulation of control costs. Allee effects play an important role in the dynamics of newly established, low-density populations by driving small populations into self-extinction, making Allee effects critical in influencing outcomes of eradication efforts. We consider interactions between management tactics in the presence of Allee effects to determine cost-effective and time-efficient combinations to achieve eradication by developing a model that considers pesticide application, predator augmentation and mating disruption as control tactics, using the gypsy moth as a case study. Our findings indicate that given a range of constant expenditure levels, applying moderate levels of pesticides in conjunction with mating disruption increases the Allee threshold which simultaneously substantially decreases the time to eradication relative to either tactic alone. In contrast, increasing predation in conjunction with other tactics requires larger economic expenditures to achieve similar outcomes for the use of pesticide application or mating disruption alone. These results demonstrate the beneficial synergy that may arise from nonlinearities associated with the simultaneous application of multiple eradication tactics and offer new prospects for preventing the establishment of damaging non-native species.
6
Greenstone, James L. "The Role of Tactical Emergency Medical Support in Hostage and Crisis Negotiations." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 13, no. 2-4 (December 1998): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00030156.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe use of tactical medics by members of hostage and crisis negotiations teams has not been examined in the literature or the field. Usually, negotiations teams are deployed within the confines of the established inner perimeter along with the tactical team and tactical medics. While the likelihood of injuries or performance degrading medical problems for negotiators is less than that expected for Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) team members, they may occur and need attention. Additionally, there are other roles that tactical medical personnel can play that are specific to the needs of police negotiators. This article will examine these possible roles.
7
Neff, Bryan D., and Erik I. Svensson. "Polyandry and alternative mating tactics." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1613 (March 5, 2013): 20120045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0045.
Full textAbstract:
Many species in the animal kingdom are characterized by alternative mating tactics (AMTs) within a sex. In males, such tactics include mate guarding versus sneaking behaviours, or territorial versus female mimicry. Although AMTs can occur in either sex, they have been most commonly described in males. This sex bias may, in part, reflect the increased opportunity for sexual selection that typically exists in males, which can result in a higher probability that AMTs evolve in that sex. Consequently, females and polyandry can play a pivotal role in governing the reproductive success associated with male AMTs and in the evolutionary dynamics of the tactics. In this review, we discuss polyandry and the evolution of AMTs. First, we define AMTs and review game theoretical and quantitative genetic approaches used to model their evolution. Second, we review several examples of AMTs, highlighting the roles that genes and environment play in phenotype expression and development of the tactics, as well as empirical approaches to differentiating among the mechanisms. Third, ecological and genetic constraints to the evolution of AMTs are discussed. Fourth, we speculate on why female AMTs are less reported on in the literature than male tactics. Fifth, we examine the effects of AMTs on breeding outcomes and female fitness, and as a source, and possibly also a consequence, of sexual conflict. We conclude by suggesting a new model for the evolution of AMTs that incorporates both environmental and genetic effects, and discuss some future avenues of research.
8
Heimerl, Daniel, Pavla Dudová, Karoline Wacker, Elisa Schenkel, Garance Despréaux, and Cristina Tuni. "Adult sex ratio and male body condition affect alternative reproductive tactics in a spider." Behavioral Ecology 33, no. 1 (December 3, 2021): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arab138.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Biases in adult sex ratios can alter the intensity of sexual selection by enhancing competition for mates. Under intense competition males increase their investment in behaviors to outcompete rivals (e.g., fighting). Yet, given that in male-biased environments mating opportunities are rare males may alternatively reduce costly courtship and/or adopt alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs). Males of the spider Pisaura mirabilis adopt different mating tactics, offering females genuine nuptial gifts (prey), nutritionally worthless gifts (prey leftovers), or no gifts. To test whether behavioral shifts between gift tactics are triggered by changes in the competitive environment, we established replicate spider populations under natural conditions at varying adult sex ratios (male-biased, female-biased and equal) and sampled gift tactics repeatedly over time. We additionally explored how male individual traits, such as body size and condition, affect the expression of ARTs. In male-biased populations males produced more gifts but of low quality, suggesting competition to trigger increased mating effort to ensure mate acquisition and fertilizations, but through a worthless gift tactic. Production of gifts and of genuine gifts was favored by high body condition, pointing to energetic limitations as being central for male reproductive capacity. We hence highlight two co-existing mechanisms at play to explain ARTs in this system, the competitive social environment where expression of gift tactics is based on optimal-decision making to overcome competition, and a conditional strategy linked to the individual’s energetic state.
9
Matveeva, V. N., and N. V. Stepanova. "Pragmastilistic Analysis of Migration Discourse (Based on Speeches by British Politicians)." Discourse 7, no. 5 (November 17, 2021): 143–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2021-7-5-143-161.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. The present study examines the pragmastilistic potential of migration discourse based on the speeches of modern British politicians. The relevance of the chosen topic lies in the acute social specifics of migration discourse and its manipulative component. In today’s world, migration processes have become global and their impact on the development of the host culture is becoming increasingly evident. There is still no established strategy for the integration of migrants into the new society, which creates a conflict environment and determines the hostility of the indigenous population towards migrants. Migration discourse as one of the directions of policy discourse becomes an effective tool for managing public opinion. Various persuasive tactics are incorporated in the speech of politicians using linguistic means, the use of which in the British migration discourse is considered in this article.Methodology and sources. The key tasks of the study are to identify specific discursive tactics, by means of which the persuasive strategy is implemented in the British migration discourse, and to analyze the stylistic techniques used to design the discovered tactics. During the study, pragmastilistic analysis was used, the application of which involves referring to the following methods of linguistic research: the method of continuous sampling, quantitative, descriptive and comparative methods, the method of stylistic analysis, discursive analysis. The material of the study was the speeches of modern British politicians from 2004 to 2021. Results and discussion. The analysis of migration discourse based on the texts of speeches by modern British politicians allows to talk about the stylistic saturation of the material and the main means of expressiveness used in the framework of the discourse under consideration. The main tactic of opponents of free migration is the comparison of “good/bad” migrants, which is actualized using antithesis. As for the lexical stylistic means, the use of the epithet should be specified, which is also a way of actualizing opposition tactics. Thus, this tactic is implemented both at the lexical and syntactic level. Similar tactics are also relevant in the framework of pro-migration rhetoric, namely, when comparing the local elite and the visiting population, which performs all the work necessary for the functioning of society. In most cases the main stylistic technique for tactics actualization is antithesis (or the convergence of antithesis and epithet). Proponents of pro-migration policies also use metaphor (tactics for describing the political process) and syntactic parallelism (tactics for describing the benefits of migration). Finally, the most common tactic inherent in both poles of migration discourse is the tactic of generalization. It consists in equating the speaker with his audience, their “fusion”, and is most often actualized using hyperbola.Conclusion. Migration discourse is characterized by an ideological orientation, which is actualized using certain speech techniques, tactics and strategies. Migration discourse, as a multifaceted entity, can also serve to harmonize social life by facilitating the integration of migrants into the host culture. Migration discourse is a powerful ideological weapon that can be used both to contribute to integration and to incite ethnic hatred. Stylistic tools play a key role in the implementation of a persuasive strategy, which is actively used both in migration and in political discourse in general. The main tactics of the migration discourse of modern British politicians are opposition and generalization, used both in pro- and anti-migration rhetoric.
10
Akhmedova, Rimma R., and Mikhail V. Lednev. "Tactical Competition Model Application in Restaurant Services Industry at Different Lifecycle Stages of Organization." Journal of Modern Competition 15, no. 3 (August 13, 2021): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37791/2687-0657-2021-15-3-5-16.
Full textAbstract:
In this article, for the first time, the distribution of well-known strategies and tactics of competitive actions by stages of the lifecycle according to the model of D. Miller and P. Friesen is carried out, which allows to provide a more accurate description of the competitive activity of an organization at different stages of its development. Tactics and strategy are closely related, and there is a need for their gradation in the context of the characteristics of the stages of the organization’s life cycle. This study is especially relevant in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, where tactical models of competition play a special role in accordance with the selected strategies in the field of restaurant services. During the analysis of the activities of restaurant service establishments at different stages of the life cycle, certain patterns in the competitive actions of the organization were identified, which can be compared with the strategies and tactics of competition. The criteria for determining the stage of development of the organization, which determine the conduct of competitive processes, are given. Each stage of the organization’s life cycle is characterized: birth, development, maturity, flourishing, decline on the example of the restaurant services sector. It shows how organizations apply different strategies and tactics of competitive actions within each stage of the life cycle, as well as during the transition from one stage to another. The use of this article can help restaurant businesses by applying the developed matrix of tactical models of competition at various stages of the organization’s life cycle within the framework of a competitive strategy in the practical activities of the organization. Thus, the result of successful implementation of the strategy and tactical models is an increase in the number of potential guests, including permanent ones, and an increase in investment, production, sales and other opportunities.
11
Tacconi, Giorgia, and Elisabetta Palagi. "Play behavioural tactics under space reduction: social challenges in bonobos, Pan paniscus." Animal Behaviour 78, no. 2 (August 2009): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.06.004.
Full text
12
Scheepers, Marion. "Concerning n-tactics in the countable-finite game." Journal of Symbolic Logic 56, no. 3 (September 1991): 786–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2178/jsl/1183743727.
Full textAbstract:
In the paper [S1] I introduced a game, denoted by MG(J) (where J is a free ideal on some infinite set S) and called “the meager nowhere dense game for J”. The special case when J is the collection of finite subsets of the set S is called the countable-finite game on S. It proceeds as follows.First player ONE picks a countable set C1, then player TWO picks a finite set F1. Then in the second inning ONE picks a countable set C2 with C1 ⊂ C2 (unless explicitly indicated otherwise, “⊂” means “is a proper subset of”) and TWO responds with a finite set F2, and so on. The players construct a sequence (C1,F1,C2,F2,…,Ck,Fk,…) where for each positive integer k(i) Ck denotes ONE's countable set picked during the kth inning,(ii) Fk denotes TWO's finite set picked during the kth inning, and(iii) Ck ⊂ Ck + 1.Such a sequence is a play of the countable-finite game on S, and TWO wins this play if is contained in . The notion of a winning perfect information strategy is defined as usual (see, for example, [S1]). Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory together with the axiom of choice (denoted by ZFC; for a statement of the axioms see pp. xv–xvi of [K]) is a strong enough theory to build a winning perfect information strategy for player TWO in this game.Does TWO have a winning strategy requiring less than perfect information? Fix a positive integer k. A strategy of TWO which requires knowledge of only at the most the k most recent moves of ONE is said to be a k-tactic. For the countable-finite game on an infinite set S the following facts about the existence of winning k-tactics for TWO are proved in [S1]:1) TWO does not have a winning 1-tactic (Theorem 1 of [S1]).2) If the cardinality of S is less than ℵ2 then TWO has a winning 2-tactic (Corollary 4 of [S1]).3) If TWO has a winning k-tactic in the countable-finite game on an infinite set S, then TWO has a winning 3-tactic (Proposition 15 of [SI]).
13
Liu, Hairui, Wei Wang, Yaohui He, and Peter Hastie. "The Impact of Play Practice on Chinese Physical Education Pre-Service Teachers Badminton Content Knowledge." Asian Journal of Kinesiology 22, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15758/ajk.2020.22.3.17.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVES This study examined the development of Chinese pre-service physical education teachers’ technical skill, tactical understanding, game performance (common content knowledge - CCK), and specialized content knowledge (SCK) during a badminton course incorporating Play Practice instruction.METHODS Participants were 36 pre-service teachers (31 males, 5 females: age 21 ± 1.0) majoring in physical education at a university in central China. The students completed a 24 lesson course after a 16 weeks semester. A typical lesson (90 minutes) included a 10-minute warm-up, followed by instruction in two or three technical skills or tactics for 50-55 minutes. The final 25-minutes included the Play Practice aspect of the lesson - a specific game-based challenge to reinforce a technical or tactical aspect of badminton play. The challenge included the three typical pedagogies of Play Practice: focusing, shaping, and enhancing. The French clear test, tactical understanding in badminton, Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI), and student-generated content maps were used to respectively monitor changes in technical skills, tactical understanding, game performance, and specialized content knowledge before and after the course. Parametric statistics were used to compare student outcomes.RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found on all measures from pre- to post-test, with all showing large effect sizes. In particular, over 75% of students achieved the benchmark depth of SCK following the course.CONCLUSIONS The inclusion of Play Practice within a sport instruction course can contribute to various elements that are needed to promote the CCK and SCK of pre-service physical education students.
14
Boyle, Michael P., Douglas M. McLeod, and Cory L. Armstrong. "Adherence to the Protest Paradigm." International Journal of Press/Politics 17, no. 2 (February 2, 2012): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940161211433837.
Full textAbstract:
Research shows that news coverage of protest groups that challenge the status quo treats them relatively critically. To develop a more precise understanding of such coverage, this study content analyzes an international set of newspapers ( N = 220) to explore the relationships between a protest group’s goals and tactics on resulting news coverage. The findings indicate that a group’s tactics—more than its goals—play a substantial role in affecting coverage. Furthermore, the findings also show that the protest issue and location indirectly affect coverage through their relationship to a group’s tactics. Implications for journalists and protesters alike are discussed.
15
Duncan, Samuel Keith. "Managed Play: The Media’s Impact on Play in the Australian Football League." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 77, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2018-0001.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract No industry has influenced the transformation of the Australian Football League (AFL) into a professional, commercial business more than the media. Today, the AFL players are paid more than ever and are used as marketing tools to promote and sell the game, often to new fans in new markets of Australia - namely New South Wales and Queensland - who haven’t traditionally played Australian Football, preferring the rugby codes instead. But perhaps the biggest change in the AFL is that the play element is now used as function of business. Put simply, winning leads to more money. As such, the play element is now manipulated more than ever. The game has more coaches implementing more tactics, strategies, game plans and set plays than ever before. These changes can be linked back to the media’s influence on the game. This paper utilises the combined observations and theories of Johan Huizinga and Pierre Bourdieu to create a theoretical lens through which we can understand the media’s growing influence in sport and its impact on play’s transformation. The theory will then be expounded through an extensive analysis of the media’s influence in the AFL, particularly its play element. This analysis will be supported with insights and views from AFL fans, members, commentators and theorists.
16
Harman, Kerry, and Erik Bohemia. "Structure and Play: Rethinking Regulation in the Higher Education Sector." Industry and Higher Education 21, no. 5 (October 2007): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000007782311803.
Full textAbstract:
This paper explores possible tactics for academics working within a context of increasing regulation and constraint. One suggested tactic is to move outside of a creativity–conformity binary. Rather than understanding creativity and conformity as separable, where one is seen as excluding the other, the authors consider the potential of examining the relationships between them. The theme of ‘structure and play’ illustrates the argument. In the first part of the paper, using various examples from art and design – fields generally associated with creativity – the authors explore the interrelatedness of creativity and conformity. For example, how might design styles, which are generally understood as creative outcomes, constrain creativity and lead to conformity within the design field? Is fashion producing creativity or conformity? Conversely, the ways in which conformity provides the conditions for creativity are also examined. For example, the conformity imposed by the state on artists in the former communist bloc contributed to a thriving underground arts movement which challenged conformity and state regulation. Continuing the theme of ‘structure and play’, the authors recount a story from an Australian university which foregrounds the ongoing renegotiation of power relations in the academy. This account illustrates how programmatic government in a university, with its aim of regulating conduct, can contribute to unanticipated outcomes. The authors propose that a Foucauldian view of distributed power is useful for academics operating in a context of increasing regulation, as it brings into view sites where power might begin to be renegotiated.
17
Hallé Petiot, Gregory, Davi Silva, and Lucas Ometto. "Exploring key competencies sought to potentialize tactical behavior in soccer players." Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior 14, no. 5 (December 1, 2020): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20338/bjmb.v14i5.199.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Soccer is part of the team sports games category and is characterized by the cooperation and opposition interactions between players in the same space of play and time. Thus, players must adequately decide what action to perform despite the unpredictable, random, and varying nature of the environment of play. AIM: This paper explores tactical competencies that can be appreciated in the way players play and their functioning. METHOD: The argumentation is structured over a review of sixty articles in five languages, selected from the results in an online university library with topic-related keywords. The selected papers were analyzed to identify the most frequently reported concepts related to (i) tactics and action in the play; (ii) decision-making and associated cognitive mechanisms and skills; and (iii) the teaching-learning-training process. RESULTS: The results of this review sum the three following competencies: tactical intelligence, creativity, and co-adaptability. We argue that these competencies can be built through the play's practice and that coaches should seek to use them to the advantage of player’s development. Small-sided and conditioned games reflect a compatible opportunity to nurture the competencies as long as they are configured to solicit the competencies in an environment that promotes them. CONCLUSION: Tactical intelligence, creativity, and co-adaptability can be appreciated in the tactical behavior shown by performing players. For the same reason, those also should constitute more of the player’s development curriculum, therefore leading to players who have a competitive advantage.
18
Sun, Zhixiao, Haiyin Piao, Zhen Yang, Yiyang Zhao, Guang Zhan, Deyun Zhou, Guanglei Meng, et al. "Multi-agent hierarchical policy gradient for Air Combat Tactics emergence via self-play." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 98 (February 2021): 104112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2020.104112.
Full text
19
Carter, Rebecca N., Cora A. Romanow, Sergio M. Pellis, and Susan Lingle. "Play for prey: do deer fawns play to develop species-typical antipredator tactics or to prepare for the unexpected?" Animal Behaviour 156 (October 2019): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.06.032.
Full text
20
Avdija, Avdi S. "Special Weapons and Tactics operations." Policing: An International Journal 41, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-11-2016-0161.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test the effects of differential police training on hostage rescue effectiveness. More specifically, this study looks at the types of police trainings that are the most effective in preparing Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) officers in dealing with hostage rescue situations. Design/methodology/approach This study employs a cross-sectional design. The analyses are based on a national sample of 341 law enforcement agencies, which employed at least 50 sworn officers. Findings To improve the SWAT response effectiveness in hostage rescue situations, this study shows that two factors play a significant role, namely, the training for hostage rescue situations and an increase in the average training hours per month. Among the types of trainings that were thought to be effective but did not show a significant effect in this present study were training for crowd control/civil unrest, having military training, and training for building searches. Practical implications Increased training hours specifically designed to address hostage situations increases the likelihood of successful hostage extractions. Thus, police departments should have specific training hours set aside for hostage situations. Originality/value This study attempts to identify specific types of police trainings that have a positive effect on improving SWAT effectiveness in dealing with hostage situations. There is a very limited number of research works on SWAT operations. This study, therefore, adds to this very limited research area of policing.
21
Gauthier, Philippe-Aubert, and Philippe Pasquier. "Auditory Tactics: A Sound Installation in Public Space Using Beamforming Technology." Leonardo 43, no. 5 (October 2010): 426–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_00034.
Full textAbstract:
The term “auditory tactics” refers to the contextual listening attitudes and competencies adapted to various private and public auditory contexts, spheres and aural architectures. Auditory Tactics, created for the Pure-Data Convention 2007 in Montréal, is a spatial sound installation designed to interfere and play with the auditory tactics of passersby in a public space by projecting sounds from more private spheres. The novelty of the authors' work is the use of beamforming: a sound projection technology that allows the creation of directional sonic beams resulting in sonic illumination and shadow zones that dynamically interact with architectural surfaces. The authors report the results and lessons of this first artistic experiment with sound beams as a creative sound-projection method.
22
Hawkins, Jeremy R., Elizabeth B. Sharp, and Skip M. Williams. "Take a Page from Your Coach's Play Book: Teaching Technical and Tactical Skills in Athletic Training." Athletic Training Education Journal 10, no. 3 (July 1, 2015): 244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1003224.
Full textAbstract:
Context The ability to demonstrate sound clinical reasoning is needed for a practicing athletic trainer. However, instruction on how to make a correct clinical decision may be deficient in many athletic training programs. Objective To provide an overview of how to teach technical and tactical skills, using both a tradition and a nontraditional approach, and to apply this teaching method to athletic training education. Background The teaching of technical skills involves four steps: (1) introduction, (2) demonstration and explanation, (3) practice, and (4) error correction. The teaching of tactical skills takes technical skills a step further by putting them into action. To teach a tactical skill, coaches (1) identify the decision to be made, (2) determine knowledge needed to make a good decision, (3) identify cues that should or should not be attended to, and help to ensure the cues are interpreted correctly, (4) determine appropriate tactical options, and (5) design an opportunity to practice reading the situation and choosing appropriate tactics. Applying this approach to athletic training, students may be better prepared to make good decisions when placed in a situation to do so. Description This paper discusses how applying a methodology for teaching technical and tactical skills will help athletic training students to become better at clinical decision making. It also provides an application example that can be adapted to other situations aiding in the implementation of this approach. Clinical Advantage(s) This approach can be applied to numerous situations and scenarios, preparing athletic training students to be better clinicians through proper clinical reasoning and decision making. Conclusion(s) The ability to reason clinically is a foundational skill that needs to be taught in athletic training programs. Teaching technical and tactical skills is a viable method to help athletic training students develop this skill.
23
Ward, Hugh. "Game Theory and the Politics of Global Warming: The State of Play and beyond." Political Studies 44, no. 5 (December 1996): 850–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.1996.tb00338.x.
Full textAbstract:
Global climate change is characterized as a collective-action game played by nations through time. The conditions under which conditional cooperation can occur are explored. The model clarifies the bargaining tactics used by nations in the negotiation of the Framework Convention on Climate Change and the reasons why there may be collective action failure. The model also illuminates issues of regime design.
24
Wang, Fei. "Subversive leadership and power tactics." Journal of Educational Administration 56, no. 4 (July 2, 2018): 398–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jea-07-2017-0081.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Principals’ leadership has become a subversive activity that is carried out strategically to challenge and disrupt the status quo and resist policies and practices that are counterproductive to their work. The purpose of this paper is to reveal subversive tactics principals use in pursuit of justice and equity in schools and identify challenges and risks associated with their subversive leadership practices. Power tactics were used as a conceptual framework to guide the analysis of subversive activities by school principals. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study focuses on 18 elementary and secondary school principals from six district school boards in the Metro Vancouver area who participated in the semi-structured interviews on their practices that epitomize different tactics in response to increasing demand and accountability. Findings The power tactics identified in this study illuminate many of the dilemmas principals face in their work and demonstrate the various ways principals exercise their political acumen to “act strategically to determine which tactics to use, when, and with whom.” In exercising ethics of subversion and critique, participants are more likely to use soft, rational, and bi/multilateral rather than hard, non-rational, and unilateral power tactics. Such tendency reveals their concern about causing relational harm and shows their strategic avoidance of direct confrontation. Research limitations/implications Considering the limitations on the sample size and the research context, more research is needed to examine to what extent subversive practices are exercised and how they play out in different contexts. Originality/value The study shows that leadership involves upholding morals and values, even if this means having to use subversive practices to ensure inclusive, equitable, and just outcomes.
25
Kurniawan, Ridho, Yahfenel Evi Fussalam, and Tri Saswandi. "An ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS’ STRATEGIES IN TEACHING ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILL." Journal Of Language Education and Development (JLed) 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52060/jled.v3i2.800.
Full textAbstract:
This study seeks to determine the types and frequency of tactics employed by teachers in teaching English speaking. This study focused on the English instructors in Jambi. The data was qualitatively examined. The findings revealed that the teachers employed four distinct tactics. These were enhancing student discourse, developing role play, developing narratives, and training interviews. In teaching English as a second language, role-playing was the most prevalent approach employed by teachers. Teachers determined that by implementing the developing role play technique, pupils became more active and confident when playing a role based on the materials provided by the teachers. In addition to making students more passionate about learning English, role-playing encouraged them to engage in more conversation with their classmates and peers.Keywords :Analysis, Strategy, Public Speaking
26
Carpenter, Marc James. "“Justice and Fair Play for the American Indian”." Pacific Historical Review 87, no. 2 (2018): 305–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2018.87.2.305.
Full textAbstract:
Between 1913 and 1916, two insurgent politicians successfully blocked repeated efforts to sell the so-called surplus lands of the Blackfeet Nation. Harry Lane, a U.S. Senator from Oregon and a radical progressive, broke with other Euro-American reformers by fighting for Native sovereignty as a guarantor of Native rights. Robert Hamilton, a Carlisle-educated Blackfeet rancher crusading against the wealthy elite of the Blackfeet Nation, used his facility with the Euro-American world to convince first Senator Lane and then the U.S. government to support some measure of justice for his people. This article explores the paradoxical origins of Lane and Hamilton’s activism and the careful tactics they used in their fights for Native American rights. The two men shared a vision of Native American modernity that combined an embrace of modern economic practice with a respect for cultural traditions; they selectively obscured the latter to pursue their political goals.
27
Buekers, Martinus, Gilles Montagne, and Jorge Ibáñez-Gijón. "Strategy and tactics in sports from an ecological-dynamical-perspective: What is in there for coaches and players?" Movement & Sport Sciences - Science & Motricité, no. 108 (September 12, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sm/2019026.
Full textAbstract:
In sports, strategy and tactics play a decisive role. This is certainly so in sport games like volleyball in which the players need to promptly adapt their actions to the continuously changing game situations. In this paper, we will take a closer look at how strategic and tactical decisions come about. Our goal is twofold. First, we want to tackle this discussion from the angle of the ecological-dynamical approach, in which concepts as perception-action coupling, affordances, and self-organization are put forward as vital elements to explain the control of actions/sport skills. In referring to animal behavior, we will push the idea that cognitive interventions are not a prerequisite for strategic and tactical interventions. Second, we want to translate these theoretical concepts into some general guidelines for coaches and practitioners. In doing so, we hope to increase the understanding that for practice the environmental constraints should be embraced in order to improve the strategic and tactical capacities of the players.
28
Cui, Yixiong, Haoyang Liu, Miguel-Ángel Gómez, Hongyou Liu, and Bruno Gonçalves. "Set-to-set Performance Variation in Tennis Grand Slams: Play with Consistency and Risks." Journal of Human Kinetics 73, no. 1 (July 21, 2020): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2019-0140.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe study analysed the set-to-set variation in performance using match statistics of 146 completed main-draw matches in Australian Open and US Open 2016-2017 men’s singles. Comparisons of technical-tactical and physical performance variables were done between different sets; and the within-match coefficients of variation (CV) of these variables were contrasted between match winning and losing players. All comparisons were realized via standardized (Cohen’s d) mean differences and uncertainty in the true differences was assessed using non-clinical magnitude-based inferences. Results showed that there was possibly to very likely decreases in the serve, net and running related variables (mean difference, ±90%CL: -0.16, ±0.14 to -0.45, ±0.24, small) and an increase in the return and winner related variables (0.17, ±0.24 to 0.24, ±0.14, small) in the last sets when compared to the initial sets, indicating the influence of match fatigue and the player’s choice of match tactics and pacing strategy. Besides, winning players were revealed to have lower CV values in most of performance variables (-0.16, ±0.24 to -0.82, ±0.23, small to moderate) except for the second serve, winner, and physical performance variables (0.25, ±0.26 to 1.6, ±0.25, small to large), indicating that they would sacrifice the consistency to gain more aggressiveness and to dominate the match.
29
Christmann, Jan, Max Akamphuber, Anna Lena Müllenbach, and Arne Güllich. "Crunch time in the NBA – The effectiveness of different play types in the endgame of close matches in professional basketball." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 13, no. 6 (April 22, 2018): 1090–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954118772485.
Full textAbstract:
In professional basketball, the final few possessions often determine the result of a game. The coach’s decision on tactics may be critical to a team’s win or loss. This study investigated offense play types in the endgame (final 120 s) of 115 close basketball matches (≤5 points score differential) in the National Basketball Association. We video-analysed 996 plays and assessed the frequencies and outcomes of six defined play types: 1 × 1 without isolation; 1 × 1 with isolation; pick-and-roll; complex team play; inbound play; and transition play. Analyses revealed that pick-and-roll was employed the most and inbound play the least frequently. The 1 × 1 with or without isolation were the least effective play types, averaging 0.9–1.0 pts/possession. They were rather ‘static’ and exhibited relatively long duration, low action frequency (passes, screens, handoffs, cuts, drives) and high defence pressure on the shooter. In contrast, transition, inbound and complex team plays were the most effective (means 1.3–1.5 pts/possession). They displayed greater spatial dynamics either through motion speed (transition) or high action frequency (complex and inbound plays), and either led to over-represented uncontested shots or over-represented offensive rebounds and their effective utilisation. Pick-and-roll play was intermediate in these regards. Overall, plays led to 0.8 pts/possession when being in the lead vs. 1.4 pts/possession when being down. Increased spatial dynamics through high motion speed and/or high frequency of concatenated cooperative manoeuvres enhance the success probability of endgame play types in professional basketball.
30
Dresler, Emma, Dean Whitehead, and Kelly Weaver. "Exploring adolescent-parent interaction strategies for accessing alcohol at home." Health Education 117, no. 6 (October 2, 2017): 566–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-01-2017-0003.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the extent to which youth have ready access to alcohol and the extent to which immediate family influence affects consumption. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative descriptive exploratory study undertook semi-structured peer-group interviews with 20 participants from four New Zealand high schools. The interviews centred on exploring the “general” experiences of youth related to alcohol access – but with a focus on alcohol access “at home” and the parental role. Findings The study confirmed that the home unit was the main source of alcohol for most youth and parents were the most common source of provision. Parents provided financial access to alcohol by giving their child money to purchase it themselves through older family members or friends. It was also found that youth used negotiation strategies with their parents to influence their consumer purchases of alcohol. Research limitations/implications Youth frequently used strategies such as pressure tactics, exchange tactics, ingratiating tactics and consultation tactics to influence their family’s decision-making process and to pressure their parents into supplying them with alcohol. Practical implications It is important to recognise the role that family play as “gatekeepers” for readily allowing access and supplying youth with alcohol – and the reasons for doing so. Social implications Alcohol plays an important part in many societies. It is important to understand how young people consume and access alcohol – particularly when the family plays a major role in access and consumption. Originality/value Many studies have been conducted in relation to youth and alcohol consumption. Very few, as far as we can tell, explore the role of the family from the young consumers’ perspective and especially from a qualitative narrative perspective.
31
Bell, Heather C., Greg D. Bell, Jeffrey A. Schank, and Sergio M. Pellis. "Evolving the tactics of play fighting: insights from simulating the “keep away game” in rats." Adaptive Behavior 23, no. 6 (October 2015): 371–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059712315607606.
Full text
32
Pellis, Sergio M., and Vivien C. Pellis. "Targets, tactics, and the open mouth face during play fighting in three species of primates." Aggressive Behavior 23, no. 1 (1997): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2337(1997)23:1<41::aid-ab5>3.0.co;2-w.
Full text
33
Ben Romdhane, Samar. "Strategies and tactics of polemical exchanges: The play of minorization/de-minorization in public hearings." Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research 15, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 287–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jammr_00051_1.
Full textAbstract:
Broadly debated in various public arenas, the ‘reasonable accommodation’ controversy has emerged on the advocacy agenda in Quebec (Canada), raising heated disagreements about religious minorities’ rights and practices, and passionate discussions about policies governing the management of religious diversity. While borrowed from the legal domain, the concept of reasonable accommodation moved beyond its origin and became the subject of various inquiries in communication studies and sociology, raising questions such as the media’s role in transforming the debate into a social crisis, the sexist representation of women and the racializing implications of the debate. However, the literature omitted the inherent dialogical nature of the debate and consequently missed identifying the communicative tactics employed by protagonists of the debate. The analytical and conceptual tools offered by conversation and argumentation analysis have not been used to clarify the discursive mechanisms of this controversy. This article fills this gap and examines the verbal and non-verbal interactions occurring during an important yet understudied instance of public debate: the public hearings that took place in Quebec, Canada, between May 2010 and January 2011, within the framework of public consultations on Bill 94. The article contributes to an understanding of the communicative strategies that influence public debates and their tactics: polarization and the processes of minorization and de-minorization. Findings show that polarization could be schematized according to two axes: one opposing partisans of an open secularism and partisans of a ‘republican’ secularism and one confronting justification based on gender equality, and justifications based on the principle of state neutrality. The findings also reveal that public hearings are not only an arena in which those possessing institutional power define who counts as minoritarian and who does not, they are also arenas in which those that are seen to be the ‘others’, can challenge the established structures of power and formulate alternative narratives of heir realities.
34
Tutt, Dylan. "‘Tactical’ Living: A Situated Study of Teenagers' Negotiations around and Interactions with Living Room Media." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 40, no. 10 (October 2008): 2330–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a39385.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines everyday living room interactions in which teenage household members conduct ‘tactical’ play in order to temporarily gain access to, and disrupt, the dominant, domestic codes of living room media. The practices of individuals are interpreted, through Michel de Certeau's language of ‘tactics’, as struggles or a series of opportunistic actions which can often reforge these codes of living, precisely because the house ‘rules' are not fixed or deterministic in practice. In these tactical performances of self, the use of media is enmeshed in a host of situated and symbolic action, reaffirming how media and face-to-face interactions are multiply and closely entwined in everyday living room life. This video ethnographic work examines such instances of teenagers appealing to ‘house’ rules and demonstrating domestic helpfulness in order to gain access to media, and the tethering of media to objects through the routine practice of ‘markers' and ‘stalls’.
35
Lucey, Patrick, Alina Bialkowski, Peter Carr, Eric Foote, and Iain Matthews. "Characterizing Multi-Agent Team Behavior from Partial Team Tracings: Evidence from the English Premier League." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 26, no. 1 (September 20, 2021): 1387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v26i1.8246.
Full textAbstract:
Real-world AI systems have been recently deployed which can automatically analyze the plan and tactics of tennis players. As the game-state is updated regularly at short intervals (i.e. point-level), a library of successful and unsuccessful plans of a player can be learnt over time. Given the relative strengths and weaknesses of a player’s plans, a set of proven plans or tactics from the library that characterize a player can be identified. For low-scoring, continuous team sports like soccer, such analysis for multi-agent teams does not exist as the game is not segmented into “discretized” plays (i.e. plans), making it difficult to obtain a library that characterizes a team’s behavior. Additionally, as player tracking data is costly and difficult to obtain, we only have partial team tracings in the form of ball actions which makes this problem even more difficult. In this paper, we propose a method to overcome these issues by representing team behavior via play-segments, which are spatio-temporal descriptions of ball movement over fixed windows of time. Using these representations we can characterize team behavior from entropy maps, which give a measure of predictability of team behaviors across the field. We show the efficacy and applicability of our method on the 2010-2011 English Premier League soccer data.
36
Feng, Lu. "How Buddhism Plays a Role through Victim-Offender Mediation in Handling the Challenges of Crime in China’s Tibet." Religions 12, no. 9 (August 30, 2021): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12090699.
Full textAbstract:
Religion plays a significant role in the way Western societies respond to criminal offenses. However, the research on how religion plays a role in handling the challenges of crime in non-Western countries is lacking. In this study I try to close this research gap by analyzing the victim-offender mediation in China’s Tibet, where influenced by religion, history and culture, a set of local solutions to control criminal offenses have traditionally been formed. Based on the field survey and second-hand information, I discuss how religious factors play a role in local victim-offender mediation in terms of the basis for mediation, mediator, mediation tactics, and guarantee for mediation agreement. While Buddhism acts as a form of self-control over the adherents of Buddhism, it works as a form of social control as well. Buddhist lama as the main mediator strategically uses Buddhist principles as mediation tactics in victim-offender mediation. After the mediation agreement is reached, religious ceremony is usually conducted as a guarantee. In conclusion I summarize the possible contribution of the research findings to the basic issues of restorative justice.
37
Malik, Amina, and Laxmikant Manroop. "Recent immigrant newcomers’ socialization in the workplace." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 36, no. 5 (June 19, 2017): 382–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-11-2016-0083.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Despite the increase of recent immigrant newcomers (RINs) into the workforce over the past few years, many employers still face the challenge of successfully integrating RINs into the workplace. To this end, the purpose of this paper is to propose customized socialization tactics for RINs and highlight the role of RINs’ adjustment strategies in order to facilitate their workplace adjustment. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on immigrants, socialization, and diversity literatures, the paper develops a conceptual model of the socialization process for RINs and advances propositions to be empirically tested. Findings The paper proposes that customized socialization tactics by organizations and adjustment strategies by RINs would facilitate RINs’ socialization process by increasing their social integration and role performance, the factors which would ultimately help in their workplace adjustment. Research limitations/implications The proposed customized socialization tactics add to the extant socialization literature by highlighting the crucial role firms can play in RINs’ socialization process. Additionally, the paper highlights an important role of RINs in their own socialization process. Practical implications Organizations need to employ new, different socialization tactics to help integrate RINs in the workplace. RINs may find the research outcomes useful in acknowledging their own role for successful workplace integration. Originality/value This paper presents a new way of looking at organizational socialization tactics for RINs while highlighting a role of RINs themselves, and concludes by discussing theoretical, practical, and societal implications for organizations employing RINs.
38
NEKRIACH, Т. N., and O. M. SUNG. "DYNAMICS OF RENDERING THE COCKNEY ETHNOSOCIOLECT IN THE UKRAINIAN TRANSLATIONS OF G. B. SHAW’S PLAY «PIGMALION»." Movoznavstvo 320, no. 5 (October 28, 2021): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33190/0027-2833-320-2021-5-004.
Full textAbstract:
This article reviews the strategies used in three Ukrainian translations of George Bernard Shaw’s play «Pygmalion» focusing upon different approaches to representing the sociolect Cockney. Two of the translations (done by M. Pavlov and O.Mokrovolskiy) resort to surzhyk — a mixed Ukrainian-Russian vernacular, thus employing the strategy of domestication, while the third, and the latest, one (done by T. Nekriach and N. Ferens in collaboration, with the general editing of T. Nekriach) rejects surzhyk in principle, proceeding from the idea that cockney is not a contamination of two languages but a socially and culturally marked set of deviations from the norm within one language. The latter translation unites foreignization in indicating the time and place of action and domestication in consistent using the Ukrainian supradialectal popular parlance, which is termed ad hoc the «harmonizing strategy» in the article. Cockney as a specific ethnosociolect has been researched in the translation perspective in the works of I. Akopyan, V. Komissarov, O. Rebriy, T. Nekriach, A. Hughes, P. Trudgill etc., which form the theoretical foundation of the present article. The aim of the article is to study and systematize the optimal strategies and tactics of reproducing Cockney in the available Ukrainian translations of «Pygmalion». The principal method of research is the comparative translation analysis, which allows to evaluate the gains and losses in employing a particular strategy in order to achieve a faithful translation. The topicality of the research is accounted for by the growing interest on the part of both practical translators and translation scholars in the appropriate handling of translation strategies and tactics within one text in order to reveal the author’s intent to the full with the retaining of the distinguishing features of the form. Special attention is paid to the specific «double» nature of drama works which requires taking into account the “pronounceability” of cues in translation. It is argued that M. Pavlov and T. Nekriach/N. Ferens take this parameter into account, translating «for stage», whereas O.Mokrovolskiy translates «for page» only, which results in his alternatives for Cockney representation being understood visually, not audially. The research prospects are seen in applying the proposed methodology to the study of recent Ukrainian translations of fiction in comparison with the previous ones in order to survey the dynamics and effectiveness of applying various translation strategies and tactics in reproducing a particular language or cultural phenomenon used in the original text.
39
Sun, Changshun. "The Long-Term Mechanism of Extracurricular Activities in Primary and Secondary Schools: Using the Four Festivals and One Party in Huai'an No.1 Mountain Middle School as a Case Study." Science Insights Education Frontiers 11, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 1517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15354/sief.v11i1.685.
Full textAbstract:
Extracurricular activities play a significant part in students' overall development, and the long-term mechanism is critical to extracurricular activities' educational efficiency. This paper describes Huai'an No. 1 Mountain Middle School's regular extracurricular events, which include four festivals and one party, as well as the tactics used to create a long-term mechanism for the school's extracurricular activities.
40
Sun, Changshun. "The Long-Term Mechanism of Extracurricular Activities in Primary and Secondary Schools: Using the Four Festivals and One Party in Huai'an No.1 Mountain Middle School as a Case Study." Science Insights Education Frontiers 11, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 1517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15354/sief.22.or011.
Full textAbstract:
Extracurricular activities play a significant part in students' overall development, and the long-term mechanism is critical to extracurricular activities' educational efficiency. This paper describes Huai'an No. 1 Mountain Middle School's regular extracurricular events, which include four festivals and one party, as well as the tactics used to create a long-term mechanism for the school's extracurricular activities.
41
Miranda, Miguel. "The trajectory as the basis of tactics: Basic work on red courts." ITF Coaching & Sport Science Review 23, no. 65 (April 30, 2015): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52383/itfcoaching.v23i65.118.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses the great success of the ITF Play and Stay initiative while also reflecting on some technical and methodological issues noticed in its practical application. After defining such issues, potential solutions are suggested in regards to the contents and targets set for this fundamental phase of the game. Finally, ideas and suggestions are provided to further enhance the beginner player ́s tennis experience.
42
Gu, H., O. R. Edwards, A. T. Hardy, and G. P. Fitt. "Host plant resistance in grain crops and prospects for invertebrate pest management in Australia: an overview." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 12 (2008): 1543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08027.
Full textAbstract:
An integrated pest management (IPM) approach that relies on an array of tactics is adopted commonly in response to problems with pesticide-based production in many agricultural systems. Host plant resistance is often used as a fundamental component of an IPM system because of the generally compatible, complementary role that pest-resistant crops play with other tactics. Recent research and development in the resistance of legumes and cereals to aphids, sorghum midge resistance, and the resistance of canola varieties to mite and insect pests have shown the prospects of host plant resistance for developing IPM strategies against invertebrate pests in Australian grain crops. Furthermore, continuing advances in biotechnology provide the opportunity of using transgenic plants to enhance host plant resistance in grains.
43
Barrett, Kate R., and Adrian P. Turner. "Sandy’s Challenge: New Game, New Paradigm." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 19, no. 2 (January 2000): 162–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.19.2.162.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on Sandy, an experienced physical education specialist, as she teaches STXBALL, a coeducational, noncontact, modified form of lacrosse, for the first time. Using an approach based on a workshop Sandy attended, she is teaching from a perspective that suggests game skills and tactics are linked, thus, should be taught so they emerge and play off of one another. As Sandy is challenged to think and act differently about teaching games, she begins to question and alter some of her actions, recognizing that the movement pattern of a specific skill is rarely the one that is used in a game situation. In addition, she is observing and assessing the effective use of tactics and skills as they do or do not interact.
44
Ayzyatulov, R. F., and E. M. Ayzyatulova. "Modern aspects of bacterial vaginosis and medical tactics." HEALTH OF WOMAN, no. 2(138) (March 30, 2019): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2019.138.53.
Full textAbstract:
The objective: find out some etiopathogenetic aspects of bacterial vaginosis and develop optimal treatment methods to preserve the active reproductive potential of women. Materials and methods. The diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was made on the basis of data from clinical and laboratory research methods. The following criteria were taken into account: homogeneous vaginal discharge, increased pH of the contents of the vagina, positively modified test, key cells in smears. Conducted microscopy of the contents of the vagina, aminotest, pH of the contents of the vagina, microbiological examination. Results. In making a diagnosis, along with the symptoms of the disease, microbiological research methods play a leading role. Modern approaches to the treatment of patients with bacterial vaginosis, currently considered as a violation of the microecology of the vagina, are somewhat different from those in the treatment of patients with urogenital infections. For complete treatment, it is necessary to identify microorganisms that are involved in the formation of bacterial vaginosis. Of particular difficulty is the treatment of bacterial vaginosis when combined with sexually transmitted infections, which requires antibiotic therapy, which further enhances the process of vaginal dysbiosis. Conclusion. Bacterial vaginosis is a violation of the vaginal ecosystem, requires timely diagnosis, adequate therapy and preventive measures. It is necessary to identify and eliminate endogenous or exogenous factors leading to changes in the vaginal ecosystem. Key words: bacterial vaginosis, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinic, treatment.
45
Doctoroff, Sandra. "Sociodramatic Script Training and Peer Role Prompting : Two Tactics to Promote Sociodramatic Play and Peer Interaction." Early Child Development and Care 136, no. 1 (January 1997): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0300443971360103.
Full text
46
Spraggon, Martin, and Virginia Bodolica. "Collective tacit knowledge generation through play." Management Decision 55, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-05-2015-0173.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the literature by examining the generation of collective tacit knowledge (CTK) in organizations through social ludic activities (SLAs) as a specific form of playful micro-practice carried out by employees. Design/methodology/approach This paper builds upon socially distributed cognition (SDC) and transactive memory systems (TMS) to analyze SLAs’ contribution to CTK creation in the workplace. These theories provide conceptual underpinnings for comprehending how workers self-organize shared activities to store, retrieve and use each other’s tacit knowledge within the collective. An example is provided to illustrate SLAs’ manifestation in an agile-based software development firm. Findings SLAs may facilitate collective members’ knowing and learning whereby different solutions are sought and potential tactics to cope with work issues are attuned to changing conditions by the collective members at work. Four moderating factors, namely physical proximity, psychological safety, richness of communication pathways and intensity of interactions, are identified and propositions to conceptualize their role in CTK generation through SLAs are formulated. Practical implications SLA players’ efforts to solve dysfunctionalities at work are not merely prompted by interdependencies among work-related tasks but also driven by high levels of social embeddedness and interaction among employees. Managers should become more supportive of collective playful activities in their organizations by building a propitious corporate climate for the mobilization of CTK in the workplace. Understanding SLAs as a soft group device where CTK resides, transits, is enacted and continuously metamorphosed represents an important complement to hard devices offered by information systems. Originality/value Relying on the notion of SLAs as a means to cope with work concerns, the authors integrate insights from organizational play, knowledge management, SDC and TMS literatures to advance the authors’ understanding of CTK creation through collective playful undertakings at work.
47
Alvarez-Sousa, Antonio, and Jose Luis Paniza Prados. "Visitor Management in World Heritage Destinations before and after Covid-19, Angkor." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (November 27, 2020): 9929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12239929.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research was to analyze the visitor-management tactics and strategies in World Heritage destinations. The Temples of Angkor (Cambodia) were selected as case studies. The analysis was carried out in two phases—before and after COVID-19. A qualitative methodology was used. Participant observation was employed for the pre-COVID-19 strategies, and recommendations of scholars and bodies responsible for tourism were the basis for the strategies proposed for the post-COVID-19 scenario. Grounded theory and the Atlas.ti qualitative analysis software were used. The results showed that the public health goal, together with its related strategies and tactics, should be added to the classic sustainability goals and the hard and soft strategies (physical, regulatory, and educational). It was also noted that new actors came into play—those responsible for public health. In conclusion, this new public health goal and its tactics will condition classic factors such as carrying capacity, and can conflict with goals such as the economic and social goals. The sustainability paradigm is maintained, but with the addition of risk society and the public health goal playing a key role.
48
Lewin, Philip. "“I Just Keep My Mouth Shut”: The Demobilization of Environmental Protest in Central Appalachia." Social Currents 6, no. 6 (June 3, 2019): 534–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329496519852947.
Full textAbstract:
This article investigates why people who take a stand against mining-related pollution sometimes abandon activism before resolving their grievances. Previous studies of this process have attributed demobilization to co-optation, violent repression, legitimation tactics, and lack of identity correspondence between movement participants and environmental justice organizations. To sharpen our understanding of why movement dissolution occurs, I investigate a case of demobilization that was not caused by these factors. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, in-depth interviews, and document analysis conducted in “Shale County,” a coal-producing community in Central Appalachia, I show how coal companies’ subtle, yet continuous, acts of obstruction, non-cooperation, and dissimulation prompted activists to withdraw from protest. My analysis contributes to the environmental sociology and social movements literatures by (1) expanding existing theory to account for an empirical anomaly; (2) explaining the role that subtle, under-the-radar social control tactics play in suppressing environmental movements; and (3) highlighting the social conditions that render these “clandestine kicks” and “invisible elbows” effective. The model of demobilization I develop underscores the way contextual factors moderate the effectivity of industrial counter-protest tactics and foreground the active, conjuncturally specific processes through which demobilization occurs.
49
Valencia, Ricardo J., and Patrick Jones. "Networks of radical contention: The co-constitutive relations between structural conditions and public relations strategies and tactics in the committee in solidarity with the people of El Salvador." Public Relations Inquiry 7, no. 3 (September 2018): 199–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2046147x18788704.
Full textAbstract:
In the 1980s, the Committee in Solidarity with the People of El Salvador (CISPES) became a key node in a vast network of political opposition against US foreign policy. In this article, we argue that these webs of political opposition constitute the geographies on which the public relations (PR) strategies deployed by CISPES were pursued and corresponding political opportunities were structured. We use newspaper analysis, interviews, and archival research to map three such networks in an effort to understand the changing climate in which CISPES pursued its political agenda during the 1980s. We conceptualize these networks as ‘networks of contention’ and contend that variations in these networks correspond to CISPES’ efforts to take advantage of unforeseeable political opportunities, which raised the profile of CISPES as well as its overall position as a radical activist organization opposing the Reagan government. We conclude by arguing that an attention to networks of contention is necessary for understanding both the strategies and tactics pursued by PR activists and the political opportunities that shape those tactics and strategies. Our analysis is sympathetic with the sociocultural ‘turn’ in the PR theory that assesses structural and contextual constraints on the strategies and tactics deployed by PR professionals. In the end, this article argues that the networks of contention that organizations find themselves in during particular moments of political crisis play a key role in shaping the kinds of strategies and tactics available to pursue them. We also contend that the collision between relationship management strategies and the contexts in which they are embedded suggests that the tactics and strategies pursued by PR professionals have to be embedded in and are structured by perpetually changing sociopolitical environments, which often refuse management and require constant strategic adaptation and flexibility.
50
Pleşca, Maria. "Inteligența emoțională – factor de interacțiune în conflict." Revistă de Ştiinţe Socio-Umane = Journal of Social and Human Sciences 43, no. 3 (December 2019): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.46727/jshs.2019.v43.i3.p6-10.
Full textAbstract:
Emotions play an important role in the interaction in a conflict, influence the perception of the conflict situation and the choice of strategies and methods of interaction in a conflict. The open expression of emotions and their successful regulation determines the individual's ability to successfully resolve conflict and pre-conflict situations in the practice of social interaction. The article suggests that emotion management is an essential component of emotional intelligence in conflict, and understanding of emotions plays a secondary role. In an oppressive conflict situation, intense negative emotions live, which, if not effectively regulated, can have a negative impact on both the perception of the conflict situation and on the choice of strategies and tactics of conflict interaction.