Journal articles: 'Platinum(IV)'

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Young, Jay A. "Platinum(IV) Chloride." Journal of Chemical Education 86, no. 2 (February 2009): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed086p162.

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Puddephatt, R. "Platinum(IV) hydride chemistry." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 219-221 (October 2001): 157–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-8545(01)00325-3.

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Galanski, M., and B. K. Keppler. "Synthesis and Characterization of New Ethylenediamine Platinum(IV) Complexes Containing Lipophilic Carboxylate Ligands." Metal-Based Drugs 2, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/mbd.1995.57.

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A series of new ethylenediamine (en) platinum(IV) complexes of the type Pt(IV)enX2A2 , with X2 = cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylato (CBDCA), dichloro or bis(decanoato) and A = acetato, dodecanoato, tetradecanoato, hexadecanoato, octadecanoato, adamantanecarboxylato (Ad) or 3α, 12α -diformoxy-5β-cholato (DFCA) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared and NMR (H1 and C13) spectroscopic techniques. Previous platinum(IV) compounds were usually restricted to trans-dihydroxo or trans-dichloro platinum(IV) complexes. Recently trans-dicarboxylato platinum(IV) complexes with mainly acetate, trifluoracetate or short-chain carboxylate groups (<11 carbons) in the axial position have been described in the literature[1,2,3]. In this paper we report on the synthesis and characterization of a new class of ethylenediamine platinum(IV) compounds that have high lipophilic long-chain carboxylate ligands either in the axial or equatorial position. The platinum(IV) compounds with the lipophilic trans-carboxylate ligands in the axial position were prepared by acylation of the trans-dihydroxo platinum(IV) species using an acyl halide in the presence of pyridine. In contrast to previous publications[1] the yields were excellent (up to 94%!).

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Boisen, Michelle M., Jamie L. Lesnock, Scott D. Richard, Sushil Beriwal, Joseph L. Kelley, Kristin K. Zorn, and Robert P. Edwards. "Second-line Intraperitoneal Platinum-based Therapy Leads to an Increase in Second-line Progression-free Survival for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 26, no. 4 (May 2016): 626–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000000667.

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ObjectiveOnly 3% of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have a longer treatment-free interval (TFI) after second-line intravenous (IV) platinum chemotherapy than with frontline IV therapy. We sought to examine what impact second-line combination IV/intraperitoneal (IV/IP) platinum therapy might have on the ratio of second-line to first-line TFI in patients treated with second-line IP platinum chemotherapy for first recurrence after front-line IV therapy.MethodsA retrospective analysis of women who received combination platinum-based IV/IP chemotherapy for recurrent EOC between January 2005 and March 2011 was conducted. Patients were identified from the tumor registry, and office records from a large gynecologic oncology practice and patient records were reviewed. The first and second TFIs were defined as the time from the end of previous platinum-based therapy to the start of next therapy.ResultsTwenty-five women received IV/IP chemotherapy for their first EOC recurrence after IV chemotherapy. In 10 patients (40%), we observed a longer TFI after IV/IP chemotherapy than after primary IV chemotherapy. For these 10 patients, the median TFI for primary response was 22 months (range, 15–28), whereas median TFI after IV/IP chemotherapy for recurrent disease was 37 months (range, 12–61).ConclusionsFor EOC patients with limited peritoneal recurrence, 40% of patients had a second-line IP-platinum TFI that exceeded their frontline IV-platinum TFI compared to published data. These data support the use of IV/IP chemotherapy as a treatment for recurrence.

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Choi, Sunhee, Livia Vastag, Yuri C. Larrabee, Michelle L. Personick, Kurt B. Schaberg, Benjamin J. Fowler, Roger K. Sandwick, and Gulnar Rawji. "Importance of Platinum(II)-Assisted Platinum(IV) Substitution for the Oxidation of Guanosine Derivatives by Platinum(IV) Complexes." Inorganic Chemistry 47, no. 4 (February 2008): 1352–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic701868b.

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Choi, Sunhee, Livia Vastag, Yuri C. Larrabee, Michelle L. Personick, Kurt B. Schaberg, Benjamin J. Fowler, Roger K. Sandwick, and Gulnar Rawji. "Importance of Platinum(II)-Assisted Platinum(IV) Substitution for the Oxidation of Guanosine Derivatives by Platinum(IV) Complexes." Inorganic Chemistry 47, no. 9 (May 2008): 3920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic8005713.

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7

Aputen, Angelico D., Maria George Elias, Jayne Gilbert, Jennette A. Sakoff, Christopher P. Gordon, Kieran F. Scott, and Janice R. Aldrich-Wright. "Potent Chlorambucil-Platinum(IV) Prodrugs." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18 (September 9, 2022): 10471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810471.

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The DNA-alkylating derivative chlorambucil was coordinated in the axial position to atypical cytotoxic, heterocyclic, and non-DNA coordinating platinum(IV) complexes of type, [PtIV(HL)(AL)(OH)2](NO3)2 (where HL is 1,10-phenanthroline, 5-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline or 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, AL is 1S,2S-diaminocyclohexane). The resultant platinum(IV)-chlorambucil prodrugs, PCLB, 5CLB, and 56CLB, were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet-visible, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The prodrugs displayed remarkable antitumor potential across multiple human cancer cell lines compared to chlorambucil, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and carboplatin, as well as their platinum(II) precursors, PHENSS, 5MESS, and 56MESS. Notably, 56CLB was exceptionally potent in HT29 colon, Du145 prostate, MCF10A breast, MIA pancreas, H460 lung, A2780, and ADDP ovarian cell lines, with GI50 values ranging between 2.7 and 21 nM. Moreover, significant production of reactive oxygen species was detected in HT29 cells after treatment with PCLB, 5CLB, and 56CLB up to 72 h compared to chlorambucil and the platinum(II) and (IV) precursors.

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8

Bokach, Nadezhda A., Vadim Yu Kukushkin, and Matti Haukka. "trans-Tetrachloridobis(diphenylacetonitrile)platinum(IV)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 65, no. 6 (May 14, 2009): m636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536809016535.

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In the title compound, [PtCl4(C14H11N)2], the Pt atom lies on an inversion center and has a distorted octahedral environment. The main geometric parameters are Pt—N = 1.960 (5) Å, and Pt—Cl = 2.3177 (12) and 2.3196 (12) Å. The N[triple-bond]C bond is a typical triple bond [1.137 (7) Å]. The Pt—N[triple-bond]C—C unit is almost linear, with Pt—N—C and N—C—C angles of 174.6 (4) and 177.1 (6)°, respectively.

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9

Look, Jennifer L., Douglas D. Wick, James M. Mayer, and Karen I. Goldberg. "Autoxidation of Platinum(IV) Hydrocarbyl Hydride Complexes To Form Platinum(IV) Hydrocarbyl Hydroperoxide Complexes." Inorganic Chemistry 48, no. 4 (February 16, 2009): 1356–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic801216r.

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10

Reinartz, Stefan, Maurice Brookhart, and Joseph L. Templeton. "Platinum(II) and Platinum(IV) Acyl and Formyl Complexes." Organometallics 21, no. 2 (January 2002): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om010772j.

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11

Yao, Houzong, and Guangyu Zhu. "A platinum-based fluorescent “turn on” sensor to decipher the reduction of platinum(iv) prodrugs." Dalton Transactions 51, no. 14 (2022): 5394–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2dt00124a.

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12

Bissinger, Herbert, and Wolfgang Beck. "Metallkomplexe mit biologisch wichtigen Liganden, XXXIX [1]. Platin(IV)-Komplexe mit α-Aminosäure-und Peptidestern; 15N-und 195Pt-NMR-Spektren von α-Aminosäuren-Platin-Komplexen / Metal Complexes with Biologically Important Ligands, XXXIX [1]. Platinum(IV) Complexes with α-Amino Acid Esters and Peptide Esters; 13N and 195Pt NMR Spectra of Platinum Complexes with α-Amino Acids." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 40, no. 4 (April 1, 1985): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1985-0412.

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The platinum(IV) complexes PtX4L2 (X = Cl, Br; 2 X = oxalate; L = glyOEt, glyglyOEt, gly-cleuOEt; 2 L = metOEt) have been obtained by oxidative addition of halogenes to platinum(II) compounds PtX2L2. A high field shift of δ15N ( ∼ 50 ppm) is observed for the coordinated amino acid ligand of various platinum complexes, compared to the free ligand. Platinum(II) and platinum(IV) can be distinguished by their 195Pt NMR signals.

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13

Olszewski, Ulrike, Florian Ach, Ernst Ulsperger, Gerhard Baumgartner, Robert Zeillinger, Patrick Bednarski, and Gerhard Hamilton. "In Vitro Evaluation of Oxoplatin: An Oral Platinum(IV) Anticancer Agent." Metal-Based Drugs 2009 (June 30, 2009): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/348916.

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Platinum(IV) compounds like oxoplatin (cis, cis, trans-diammine-dichlorido-dihydroxido-platinum(IV)) show increased stability and therefore can be applied orally. In a panel of 38 human cancer cell lines this drug induced S-phase arrest and cell death with IC50 values 2.5-fold higher than cisplatin. Oxoplatin may be converted to cisplatin by intracellular reducing agents, however, exposure to 0.1 M HCl mimicking gastric acid yielded cis-diammine-tetrachlorido-platinum(IV) exhibiting twofold increased activity. Similar results were obtained for another platinum(IV) compound, JM 149 (ammine-dichlorido-(cyclohexylamine)-dihydroxido-platinum(IV)), but not for its parent drug JM 216/satraplatin. Genome-wide expression profiling of H526 small cell lung cancer cells treated with these platinum species revealed clear differences in the expression pattern of affected genes between oxoplatin and cisplatin. In conclusion, oxoplatin constitutes a potent oral agent that is either reduced or converted to distinct active compounds, for example, by gastric acid or acidic areas prevailing in solid tumors, in dependence of the respective pharmaceutical formulation.

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Chung, Tae Shin, Young Mee Na, Shin Won Kang, Ok-Sang Jung, and Young-A. Lee. "Facile generation of platinum(IV) compounds with mixed labile moieties. Hydrogen peroxide oxidation of platinum(II) to platinum(IV) compounds." Transition Metal Chemistry 30, no. 5 (August 2005): 541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11243-005-2653-2.

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15

Fortuño, Consuelo, Antonio Martín, Piero Mastrorilli, Mario Latronico, Valentina Petrelli, and Stefano Todisco. "Stable mixed-valence diphenylphosphanido bridged platinum(ii)–platinum(iv) complexes." Dalton Transactions 49, no. 15 (2020): 4935–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0dt00712a.

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16

Milgrom, Lionel R., Richard J. Zuurbier, J. Malcolm Gascoyne, David Thompsett, and Brian C. Moore. "Platinum porphyrinsV. Multinuclear NMR of some platinum(IV) porphyrins." Polyhedron 13, no. 2 (January 1994): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-5387(00)86593-6.

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17

WONG, DANIEL YUAN QIANG, and WEE HAN ANG. "DEVELOPMENT OF PLATINUM(IV) COMPLEXES AS ANTICANCER PRODRUGS: THE STORY SO FAR." COSMOS 08, no. 01 (June 2012): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219607712300020.

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The serendipitous discovery of the antitumor properties of cisplatin by Barnett Rosenberg some forty years ago brought about a paradigm shift in the field of medicinal chemistry and challenged conventional thinking regarding the role of potentially toxic heavy metals in drugs. Platinum(II)-based anticancer drugs have since become some of the most effective and widely-used drugs in a clinician's arsenal and have saved countless lives. However, they are limited by high toxicity, severe side-effects and the incidence of drug resistance. In recent years, attention has shifted to stable platinum(IV) complexes as anticancer prodrugs. By exploiting the unique chemical and structural attributes of their scaffolds, these platinum(IV) prodrugs offer new strategies of targeting and killing cancer cells. This review summarizes the development of anticancer platinum(IV) prodrugs to date and some of the exciting strategies that utilise the platinum(IV) construct as targeted chemotherapeutic agents against cancer.

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Wong, Daniel Yuan Qiang, Jun Han Lim, and Wee Han Ang. "Induction of targeted necrosis with HER2-targeted platinum(iv) anticancer prodrugs." Chemical Science 6, no. 5 (2015): 3051–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sc00015g.

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Platinum(iv) prodrug complexes based on the cisplatin/oxaliplatin pharmacophore, containing anti-HER2/neu targeting peptides, were designed to deliver their cytotoxic platinum(ii) payload selectively to highly HER2-expressing cells. Through induction of necrotic cell death, these platinum(iv)–peptide conjugates can circumvent apoptosis-resistance pathways in targeted HER2-positive cells.

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Yousefi, Mohammad, Shabahang Teimouri, Vahid Amani, and Hamid Reza Khavasi. "trans-Tetrachloridobis(pyrazine-κN)platinum(IV)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 11 (October 31, 2007): m2869—m2870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536807052555.

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The molecule of the title compound, [PtCl4(C4H4N2)2], possesses mmm symmetry. The PtIVatom is six-coordinated in an octahedral configuration by two N atoms of two pyrazine rings and four Cl atoms. In the crystal structure, there are π–π interactions between the pyrazine rings [the closest distance between adjacent rings is 3.6485 (7) Å].

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Knežević, Nikola Ž., Vukadin M. Leovac, Violeta S. Jevtović, Sanja Grgurić-Šipka, and Tibor J. Sabo. "Platinum(IV) complex with pyridoxal semicarbazone." Inorganic Chemistry Communications 6, no. 5 (May 2003): 561–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1387-7003(03)00041-8.

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21

Shaw, Paul A., Jessica M. Phillips, Guy J. Clarkson, and Jonathan P. Rourke. "Trapping five-coordinate platinum(iv) intermediates." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 28 (2016): 11397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt02088g.

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The oxidation of three different complexes of the doubly cycloplatinated 2,6-di(4-fluorophenyl)pyridine ligand (namely DMSO, PPh₃ and PPr₃ derivatives, 1a, 1b and 1c, respectively) with the electrophilic oxidant iodobenzenedichloride was studied.

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Levy, Christopher J., Jagadese J. Vittal, and Richard J. Puddephatt. "Cationic Group 14−Platinum(IV) Complexes." Organometallics 15, no. 1 (January 1996): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om950591f.

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23

Jenkins, Hilary A., Glenn P. A. Yap, and Richard J. Puddephatt. "Cationic Methyl(hydrido)platinum(IV) Complexes." Organometallics 16, no. 9 (April 1997): 1946–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om961011x.

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Reinartz, Stefan, Peter S. White, Maurice Brookhart, and Joseph L. Templeton. "Tp‘PtH3: A Stable Platinum(IV) Trihydride." Organometallics 19, no. 18 (September 2000): 3748–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om000406k.

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Kundu, Palak, Adam Gondos, Tomohiro Tanaka, Elaine Chun, and Marcus Ballinger. "Abstract 5962: Real-world practice patterns and outcomes after platinum and immunotherapy in stage III vs IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 5962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5962.

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Abstract Background: Treatment of patients with locally advanced lung cancer includes platinum-based chemoradiation followed by anti-PD-L1/PD-1 immunotherapy. Over half of patients receiving this treatment have disease progression and may be re-challenged with further platinum or immunotherapy, or instead be treated with an approved third line (3L) therapy similar to that for patients initially diagnosed with stage IV disease that progressed on platinum and immunotherapy. It is unknown whether treatment outcomes and prognosis in the stage III setting, particularly in patients with early disease progression, mirror the stage IV setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate current real-world practice patterns and survival for patients with stage III vs IV disease previously treated with platinum and immunotherapy. Methods: The Flatiron NSCLC database was used to identify patients whose disease progressed after platinum chemotherapy and anti-PD-L1/PD-1 therapy, and to further classify them as 1) stage III early progressors (≤ 6 months) after sequential platinum and durvalumab, 2) stage III late progressors (> 6 months) after sequential platinum and durvalumab, and 3) stage IV progressors after concurrent or sequential platinum and anti-PD-L1/PD-1 therapy. The proportion of stage III patients receiving additional platinum or immunotherapy vs approved 3L therapy (docetaxel ± ramucirumab, pemetrexed, or gemcitabine) was then evaluated. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare median overall survival in the stage III groups and the stage IV group starting the next line of treatment after initial platinum and immunotherapy, and adjusting for ECOG performance status, smoking history, histology, PD-L1 status, age, sex, and race. Results: Patients identified as receiving their first-line therapy between December 2017 and November 2020 included 143 stage III early progressors, 120 stage III late progressors and 876 stage IV patients. After initial platinum and immunotherapy, 34% of stage III early progressors received platinum or immunotherapy and 12% received approved 3L therapy. 39% of stage III late progressors received platinum or immunotherapy and 15% received approved 3L therapy. Median overall survival for early vs late stage III progressors did not significantly differ (10.1 vs 14.3 months; HR 0.89; 95% CI: 0.53, 1.51; P=0.67). Survival in stage III patients was longer than that in stage IV patients (median 6.2 months) among both early progressors (HR, 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.82; P=0.002) and late progressors (HR, 0.51; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.34; P=0.001). Conclusions: Patients with stage III NSCLC that progressed on initial platinum and immunotherapy were more likely to be re-challenged with platinum or immunotherapy than to immediately proceed to 3L therapy. These patients also had longer survival than analogous stage IV patients, regardless of progression timing. Citation Format: Palak Kundu, Adam Gondos, Tomohiro Tanaka, Elaine Chun, Marcus Ballinger. Real-world practice patterns and outcomes after platinum and immunotherapy in stage III vs IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5962.

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26

Gaikwad, Ashwini P., Ganesh S. Kamble, Sanjay S. Kolekar, and Mansing A. Anuse. "Liquid Anion Exchange Chromatographic Extraction and Separation of Platinum(IV) with n-Octylaniline as a Metallurgical Reagent: Analysis of Real Samples." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/103192.

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A simple and selective method was developed for the determination of platinum(IV) with n-octylaniline in toluene. In present study, the use of n-octylaniline in toluene for the extraction of platinum(IV) from ascorbate media was carried out. The effect of various parameters, such as pH, equilibrium time, extractant concentration, and organic solvent on the extraction has been discussed. The back extraction of platinum(IV) has been performed. On the basis of slope analysis, the composition of the extracted species was determined as [RR′NH2+Pt(Succinate)2−](org). The interfering effects of various cations and anions were also studied, and the selectivity of the method is enhanced by using suitable masking agents. The proposed method is rapid, reproducible and successfully applied for the determination of platinum(IV) in binary and synthetic mixtures. The separation of pt(IV) from other associated metals has been studied. Comparison of the results with those obtained using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer also tested the validity of the method.

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Venediktov, A. B., S. V. Korenev, D. B. Vasil’chenko, A. V. Zadesenets, E. Yu Filatov, S. N. Mamonov, L. V. Ivanova, N. G. Prudnikova, and E. Yu Semitut. "On preparation of platinum(IV) nitrate solutions from hexahydroxoplatinates(IV)." Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 85, no. 7 (July 2012): 995–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070427212070014.

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Canty, Allan J., Hong Jin, and Justin D. Penny. "Allenyl–propargyl tautomerism at palladium(IV) and platinum(IV) centres." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 573, no. 1-2 (January 1999): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-328x(98)00598-1.

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Dubiella-Jackowska, Aleksandra, Żaneta Polkowska, Lech Dariusz, Piotr Pasławski, Wojciech Staszek, and Jacek Namieśnik. "Estimation of platinum in environmental water samples with solid phase extraction technique using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry." Open Chemistry 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-008-0081-9.

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AbstractA solid phase extraction technique for the determination of platinum(IV) at trace levels by inductively coupled plasma mass spectromA solid phase extraction technique for the determination of platinum(IV) at trace levels by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed. The method was based on retention of platinum in a sample on silica gel modified with aminepropyl groups. The retention of platinum(IV) from the sample solution and the recovery of platinum with 1.0 mol L−1 thiourea solution were quantitative. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was calculated as 5% (n = 7) at the 10 ng L−1 level. The enrichment factor was found to be (50-fold) for 250 mL of water sample. Under optimum conditions, the method detection limit (MDL) was found to be 1 ng L−1 for platinum in water matrices. Recoveries of Pt from spike addition to atmospheric water samples were quantitative (80–95%). The present method was used for the determination of platinum in precipitation, throughfall and runoff water samples.

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Mink, L. M., M. L. Neitzel, L. M. Bellomy, R. E. Falvo, R. K. Boggess, B. T. Trainum, and P. Yeaman. "Platinum(II) and platinum(IV) porphyrin complexes: synthesis, characterization, and electrochemistry." Polyhedron 16, no. 16 (January 1997): 2809–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-5387(97)00026-0.

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Sliwa, Wanda. "ChemInform Abstract: Platinum(IV) Complexes of Pyridines and Platinum Supramolecular Assemblies." ChemInform 30, no. 48 (June 12, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199948275.

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Lázaro, Ariadna, Oriol Serra, Laura Rodríguez, Margarita Crespo, and Mercè Font-Bardia. "Luminescence studies of new [C,N,N′] cyclometallated platinum(ii) and platinum(iv) compounds." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 3 (2019): 1247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj05492d.

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Thiabaud, Grégory, Guangan He, Sajal Sen, Kathryn A. Shelton, Wallace B. Baze, Luke Segura, Julie Alaniz, et al. "Oxaliplatin Pt(IV) prodrugs conjugated to gadolinium-texaphyrin as potential antitumor agents." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 13 (March 16, 2020): 7021–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1914911117.

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Described here is the development of gadolinium(III) texaphyrin-platinum(IV) conjugates capable of overcoming platinum resistance by 1) localizing to solid tumors, 2) promoting enhanced cancer cell uptake, and 3) reactivating p53 in platinum-resistant models. Side by side comparative studies of these Pt(IV) conjugates to clinically approved platinum(II) agents and previously reported platinum(II)-texaphyrin conjugates demonstrate that the present Pt(IV) conjugates are more stable against hydrolysis and nucleophilic attack. Moreover, they display high potent antiproliferative activity in vitro against human and mouse cell cancer lines. Relative to the current platinum clinical standard of care (SOC), a lead Gd(III) texaphyrin-Pt(IV) prodrug conjugate emerging from this development effort was found to be more efficacious in subcutaneous (s.c.) mouse models involving both cell-derived xenografts and platinum-resistant patient-derived xenografts. Comparative pathology studies in mice treated with equimolar doses of the lead Gd texaphyrin-Pt(IV) conjugate or the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved agent oxaliplatin revealed that the conjugate was better tolerated. Specifically, the lead could be dosed at more than three times (i.e., 70 mg/kg per dose) the tolerable dose of oxaliplatin (i.e., 4 to 6 mg/kg per dose depending on the animal model) with little to no observable adverse effects. A combination of tumor localization, redox cycling, and reversible protein binding is invoked to explain the relatively increased tolerability and enhanced anticancer activity seen in vivo. On the basis of the present studies, we conclude that metallotexaphyrin-Pt conjugates may have substantial clinical potential as antitumor agents.

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van der Veer, J. "Reactions of platinum(IV) amine compounds with 9-methylhypoxanthine at high temperature result in both platinum(II) and platinum(IV) amine adducts." Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 29, no. 3 (March 1987): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-0134(87)80028-4.

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Giandomenico, Christen M., Michael J. Abrams, Barry A. Murrer, Jean F. Vollano, Melanie I. Rheinheimer, Sandra B. Wyer, Gerald E. Bossard, and John D. Higgins. "Carboxylation of Kinetically Inert Platinum(IV) Hydroxy Complexes. An Entr.acte.ee into Orally Active Platinum(IV) Antitumor Agents." Inorganic Chemistry 34, no. 5 (March 1995): 1015–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00109a004.

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Gaballa, Akmal S. "On the reactivity of platinum(IV) complexes: Synthesis and spectroscopic studies of platinum(IV) complexes with hypoxanthine." Journal of Molecular Structure 782, no. 2-3 (January 2006): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2005.08.011.

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Turkson, James, Shumin Zhang, Jay Palmer, Heidi Kay, Joseph Stanko, Linda B. Mora, Said Sebti, Hua Yu, and Richard Jove. "Inhibition of constitutive signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation by novel platinum complexes with potent antitumor activity." Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 3, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 1533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.1533.3.12.

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Abstract DNA-alkylating agents that are platinum complexes induce apoptotic responses and have wide application in cancer therapy. The potential for platinum compounds to modulate signal transduction events that contribute to their therapeutic outcome has not been extensively examined. Among the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins, Stat3 activity is frequently up-regulated in many human tumors. Various lines of evidence have established a causal role for aberrant Stat3 activity in malignant transformation and provided validation for its targeting in the development of small-molecule inhibitors as novel cancer therapeutics. We report here that platinum-containing compounds disrupt Stat3 signaling and suppress its biological functions. The novel platinum (IV) compounds, CPA-1, CPA-7, and platinum (IV) tetrachloride block Stat3 activity in vitro at low micromolar concentrations. In malignant cells that harbor constitutively activated Stat3, CPA-1, CPA-7, and platinum (IV) tetrachloride inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in a manner that reflects the attenuation of persistent Stat3 activity. By contrast, cells that do not contain persistent Stat3 activity are marginally affected or are not affected by these compounds. Moreover, CPA-7 induces the regression of mouse CT26 colon tumor, which correlates with the abrogation of persistent Stat3 activity in tumors. Thus, the modulation of oncogenic signal transduction pathways, such as Stat3, may be one of the key molecular mechanisms for the antitumor effects of platinum (IV)–containing complexes.

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38

Prokopchuk, Ernest M., and Richard J. Puddephatt. "Hydrido(methyl)carbene Complex of Platinum(IV)." Organometallics 22, no. 3 (February 2003): 563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om0205400.

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39

Khripun, Anatoly V., Matti Haukka, Dina N. Nikolaeva, and Vadim Yu Kukushkin. "fac-Trichloro(pyrazolato)bis(pyrazole)platinum(IV)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 61, no. 10 (September 24, 2005): m2069—m2071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536805029661.

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40

Pozhidaev, Yu N., O. V. Lebedeva, and E. I. Sipkina. "Modified carbon sorbents for recovering platinum(IV)." Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering 48, no. 4 (July 2014): 497–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0040579514040101.

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41

Bokach, Nadezhda A., Vadim Yu Kukushkin, Yulia A. Izotova, Natalia I. Usenko, and Matti Haukka. "cis-Tetrachloridobis(1H-imidazole-κN3)platinum(IV)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 68, no. 5 (April 4, 2012): m547—m548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536812013323.

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42

Kirik, Sergei D., and Aleksandr K. Starkov. "Powder study oftrans-tetrachloridobis(isopropylamine)platinum(IV)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 6 (May 26, 2007): m1705—m1706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536807024233.

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43

Zhang, Shi-Wei, and Shigetoshi Takahashi. "Dicyclometalated Mononuclear Bis(carbene)platinum(IV) Complexes." Organometallics 17, no. 22 (October 1998): 4757–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om9805077.

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Prokopchuk, Ernest M., Hilary A. Jenkins, and Richard J. Puddephatt. "Stable Cationic Dimethyl(hydrido)platinum(IV) Complex." Organometallics 18, no. 15 (July 1999): 2861–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om990205k.

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Taylor, Stephen D., Vikas M. Shingade, Ronnie Muvirimi, Scott D. Hicks, Jeanette A. Krause, and William B. Connick. "Spectroscopic Characterization of Platinum(IV) Terpyridyl Complexes." Inorganic Chemistry 58, no. 24 (November 21, 2019): 16364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01652.

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Reinartz, Stefan, Peter S. White, Maurice Brookhart, and Joseph L. Templeton. "Five-Coordinate Trispyrazolylborate Dihydridosilyl Platinum(IV) Complexes." Journal of the American Chemical Society 123, no. 26 (July 2001): 6425–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0104047.

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Hall, Matthew D., and Trevor W. Hambley. "Platinum(IV) antitumour compounds: their bioinorganic chemistry." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 232, no. 1-2 (October 2002): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-8545(02)00026-7.

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Hall, Matthew D., Trevor W. Hambley, Philip Beale, Mei Zhang, Carolyn T. Dillon, Garry J. Foran, Anton P. Stampfl, and Barry Lai. "Does platinum(IV) survive in tumour cells?" Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 96, no. 1 (July 2003): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0162-0134(03)80630-x.

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MO, J., L. SHI, Y. GU, and G. YAN. "Adsorption of platinum(IV) onto D301R resin." Rare Metals 27, no. 3 (June 2008): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1001-0521(08)60121-7.

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Hoseini, S. Jafar, Roghayeh Hashemi Fath, Mahmood A. Fard, Ava Behnia, and Richard J. Puddephatt. "A Bridging Peroxide Complex of Platinum(IV)." Inorganic Chemistry 57, no. 15 (July 19, 2018): 8951–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00888.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Platinum(IV)'

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