Relevant bibliographies by topics / Platinum Dioxide

Academic literature on the topic 'Platinum Dioxide'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Platinum Dioxide"

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Huang, Shengyang, Prabhu Ganesan, and Branko N. Popov. "Titanium Dioxide-Supported Platinum Catalysts." ECS Transactions 41, no. 1 (December 16, 2019): 2255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3635758.

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Maya, L., E. W. Hagaman, R. K. Williams, G. D. Del Cul, and J. N. Fiedor. "Carbon in α-Platinum Dioxide." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 102, no. 11 (March 1998): 1951–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp9802331.

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Oleksenko, L. P. "Platinum containing sensor nanomaterials based on tin dioxide to detect methane in air." Functional materials 25, no. 4 (December 19, 2018): 741–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm25.04.741.

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Ursov, E. D., M. S. Kondratenko, and M. O. Gallyamov. "Electrodeposition of platinum from carbon dioxide based supercritical electrolyte." Доклады Академии наук 489, no. 6 (December 23, 2019): 606–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-56524896606-610.

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For the first time, the electrodeposition of platinum from a carbon dioxide-based supercritical electrolyte with the addition of acetonitrile as a co-solvent and tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate salt was studied. Dimethyl (1,5-cyclooctadiene) platinum is used as a precursor. It has been established that as a result of potentiostatic electrodeposition, not a continuous film is formed, but agglomerates of densely packed platinum nanoparticles.
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Aso, Ryotaro, Hajime Hojo, Yoshio Takahashi, Tetsuya Akashi, Yoshihiro Midoh, Fumiaki Ichihashi, Hiroshi Nakajima, et al. "Direct identification of the charge state in a single platinum nanoparticle on titanium oxide." Science 378, no. 6616 (October 14, 2022): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abq5868.

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A goal in the characterization of supported metal catalysts is to achieve particle-by-particle analysis of the charge state strongly correlated with the catalytic activity. Here, we demonstrate the direct identification of the charge state of individual platinum nanoparticles (NPs) supported on titanium dioxide using ultrahigh sensitivity and precision electron holography. Sophisticated phase-shift analysis for the part of the NPs protruding into the vacuum visualized slight potential changes around individual platinum NPs. The analysis revealed the number (only one to six electrons) and sense (positive or negative) of the charge per platinum NP. The underlying mechanism of platinum charging is explained by the work function differences between platinum and titanium dioxide (depending on the orientation relationship and lattice distortion) and by first-principles calculations in terms of the charge transfer processes.
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Lintz, Hans Guenther. "Spectrophotometric determination of platinum in cordierite-supported platinum-tin dioxide catalysts." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 30, no. 8 (August 1991): 2012–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00056a052.

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Zhang, Dongzhi, Maosong Pang, Junfeng Wu, and Yuhua Cao. "Experimental and density functional theory investigation of Pt-loaded titanium dioxide/molybdenum disulfide nanohybrid for SO2 gas sensing." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 12 (2019): 4900–4907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj00399a.

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Maya, L., L. Riester, T. Thundat, and C. S. Yust. "Characterization of sputtered amorphous platinum dioxide films." Journal of Applied Physics 84, no. 11 (December 1998): 6382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368883.

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Volochaev, V. A., I. N. Novomlinskii, E. M. Bayan, and V. E. Guterman. "Nanostructured Platinum Catalyst Supported by Titanium Dioxide." Russian Journal of Electrochemistry 55, no. 10 (October 2019): 1021–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1023193519090143.

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Ahmed, Luma M., Irina Ivanova, Falah H. Hussein, and Detlef W. Bahnemann. "Role of Platinum Deposited on TiO2in Photocatalytic Methanol Oxidation and Dehydrogenation Reactions." International Journal of Photoenergy 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/503516.

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Titania modified nanoparticles have been prepared by the photodeposition method employing platinum particles on the commercially available titanium dioxide (Hombikat UV 100). The properties of the prepared photocatalysts were investigated by means of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and UV-visible diffuse spectrophotometry (UV-Vis). XRD was employed to determine the crystallographic phase and particle size of both bare and platinised titanium dioxide. The results indicated that the particle size was decreased with the increasing of platinum loading. AFM analysis showed that one particle consists of about 9 to 11 crystals. UV-vis absorbance analysis showed that the absorption edge shifted to longer wavelength for 0.5% Pt loading compared with bare titanium dioxide. The photocatalytic activity of pure and Pt-loaded TiO2was investigated employing the photocatalytic oxidation and dehydrogenation of methanol. The results of the photocatalytic activity indicate that the platinized titanium dioxide samples are always more active than the corresponding bare TiO2for both methanol oxidation and dehydrogenation processes. The loading with various platinum amounts resulted in a significant improvement of the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. This beneficial effect was attributed to an increased separation of the photogenerated electron-hole charge carriers.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Platinum Dioxide"

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Chu, Yang. "Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activity by Site Poisoning Platinum Doped Titanium Dioxide." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1417454495.

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Bayrakceken, Ayse. "Platinum And Platinum-ruthenium Based Catalysts On Various Carbon Supports Prepared By Different Methods For Pem Fuel Cell Applications." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609448/index.pdf.

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are one of the most promising hydrogen energy conversion devices for portable, mobile and stationary applications. For wide spread usage to produce electricity platinum loading has to be decreased by using highly active electrocatalysts. Even 10 ppm carbon monoxide or higher than 30% carbon dioxide cause performance losses via deactivation which can be diminished by using binary catalysts. The aim of this thesis is to develop new platinum based electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity and to overcome the problems due to the deactivation. platinum and platinum-ruthenium based catalysts on different carbon supports have been prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide deposition and microwave irradiation methods. By using supercritical carbon dioxide deposition platinum on Vulcan XC72R (VXR), multi wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and Black Pearl 2000 (BP2000) catalysts were prepared and characterized by XRD, TEM and cyclic voltammetry (CV). XRD results showed that in catalysts prepared by using supercritical carbon dioxide deposition method, the particle sizes as low as 1-2 nm can be obtained. From the CV results the electrochemical surface areas obtained were Platinum/VXR>
Platinum/MWCNT>
PlatinumBP2000. By means of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the number of electrons transferred per oxygen molecule was calculated as 3.5, 3.6 and 3.7 for Platinum/BP2000, Platinum/VXR and Platinum/MWCNT, respectively. The microwave irradiation was used to prepare platinum on VX, Regal and BP2000 and platinum-ruthenium on VX. The effects of microwave duration, base concentration, carbon support used and surfactant/precursor ratios were investigated. The particle sizes of the catalysts were ranging between 2-6 nm. The prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, and then PEMFC tests were performed. The performance was ordered as Platinum/VX>
Platinum/Regal>
Platinum/BP2000. The power losses arising from carbon dioxide in hydrogen feed were decreased by using prepared platinum-ruthenium based catalysts.
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Ozcan, Ozlem. "Artificial Photosynthesis: Dye Assisted Photocatalytic Reduction Of Carbon Dioxide Over Pure And Platinum Containing Titania." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606313/index.pdf.

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The aim of this study is to test the limits of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 over Pt and light harvesting dye promoted TiO2 films under UV and visible light. Thick and thin TiO2 film catalysts are coated onto 1 cm long glass beads via a common sol-gel procedure and dip coating technique. TiO2 thin films were promoted by Pt and three different light harvesting molecules: RuBpy (Tris (2,2&rsquo
&ndash
bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) chloride hexahydrate) , BrGly (1,7-dibromo-N,N&rsquo
-(t-butoxycarbonyl-methyl)-3,4:9,10-perylene-diimide) and BrAsp (1,7-dibromo-N,N&rsquo
-(S-(1-t-butoxy-carbonyl-2-t-butoxycarbonyl-methyl)-ethyl)- 3,4:9,10-perylenediimide). Their SEM, XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy and hydrogen chemisorption characterizations are performed. Reaction tests are performed for the catalysts under UV and visible light. The only quantifiable reaction product was methane. With RuBpy containing catalysts hydrogen production was observed under UV light, but not quantified. The results indicated that Pt addition resulted in higher yields in UV experiments. The presence of light harvesting molecules resulted in increase in photocatalytic activity for thin films, whereas it resulted in no change or decrease for the thick films. The latter case may occur due to the UV filtering effect of these dyes. Use of dyes (with visible range absorption bands) as promoters made visible light excitation possible. This resulted in photocatalytic activity under visible light, which was not observed with unpromoted and Pt promoted TiO2 thin film catalysts. Under visible light methane was the only quantified photoreduction product. CO evolution was also observed, but not quantified. The photocatalytic activities of the dye promoted TiO2 were in the order of RuBpy~BrAsp>
BrGly. The methane yields of visible light experiments were one order of magnitude lower than the ones under UV light.
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Photinon, Kanokorn. "DEVELOPMENT OF DIMETHYL ETHER (DME) AND CARBON DIOXIDE SENSORS USING PLATINUM NANOPARTICLES AND THICK FILM TECHNOLOGY." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1164899809.

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Motsegood, Perry Nelson. "Improved performance of alkaline batteries via magnetic modification and voltammetric detection of breath acetone at platinum electrodes." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4883.

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Incorporation of magnetic microparticles (~ 1 um) at electrode structures increases electron transfer e¢ ciency, observed as increased current, for multiple electrochemical systems. Current increases occur with magnetic field. Inclusion of magnetic materials into the cathode matrix of alkaline MnO2 batteries requires the materials to be stable in the strong base electrolyte, typically 6 to 9 M KOH. Samarium cobalt magnetic particles sustain strong permanent magnetic fields and are stable in base without surface modification. Studies were undertaken at fast (C/2), moderate (C/3), and slow (C/5) constant current discharges. Here, alkaline MnO2 batteries generated increased power and energy when magnetic microparticles are incorporated into the cathode of the battery. Because of anode limitations in the battery, total coulombic output is not increased for the first electron discharge, but the available power and energy is significantly higher compared to nonmagnetic batteries at voltages above 0.9V. Constant current discharge curves of magnetic batteries demonstrate higher voltages than nonmagnetic batteries at a given time, which translates to greater power output. This effect is also observed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, where charge transfer resistance is less for magnetically modified cells. This work also developed voltammetric measurement protocols for acetone concentration collected in the liquid and vapor phase and measured in solution. Acetone on the breath is an indicator for physiological dysregulation. Measurements are demonstrated for acetone concentrations across the human physiological range, 1 uM to 10 mM at platinum electrodes in 0.5 M H2SO4. Effects arise through adsorption of acetone from the gas phase onto a platinum surface and hydrogen in acidic solution within the voltammetric butterfly region. The protocol is demonstrated to yield breath acetone concentration on a human subject within the physiological range and consistent with ketone urine test strip.
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Grant, Ann W. "Surface studies of model catalysts using metal atoms and particles on ZnO(0001)-Zn and -O and TiO₂(110) /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8499.

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Falch, Anzel. "Synthesis, characterisation and potential employment of Pt–modified TiO2 photocatalysts towards laser induced H2 production / Falch A." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7346.

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The photocatalytic production of H2 from water as well as from a 1:1 methanol:water solution employing pre–treated TiO2 and various Pt–TiO2 photocatalysts was studied by using an Nd:YAG laser as irradiation source. The photocatalysts (0.5–, 1–, 1.5– and 2 wt% Pt–TiO2) were prepared by utilizing a photocatalytic reduction method after which characterisation by various analytical techniques, i.e. XRD, TEM, ICP, SEM, and EDX, were conducted. XRD clearly indicated that platinum was not present in the crystal structure of TiO2, but was rather loaded onto the surface of TiO2. TEM analysis confirmed the presence of Pt on the surface with a particle/cluster size between 11 nm and 22 nm. SEM showed that repeatable results in respect of surface appearance were obtained. ICP and EDX indicated that the loading method was successful with only a slight deviation between the actual amount loaded and the calculated amount loaded. The impact of the loaded Pt on the band gaps of the different photocatalysts was investigated by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and calculated by employing the Kubelka–Munk method. The band gap values shifted sequentially from 3.236eV to 3.100 eV as the loading increased, moving closer to the absorbance region for visible light. The amount of hydrogen produced from the individual photocatalysts dispersed in both pure water and aqueous methanol solutions, was measured manually with a gas chromatograph. As soon as irradiation was initiated, a distinct colour change from shades of grey to dark blue–grey was observed for all the photocatalysts. XRD confirmed that it was due to the anatase phase transforming to produce more rutile phase. No H2 was detected for the various photocatalysts suspended in water, i.e. in the absence of methanol. The amount of hydrogen produced from the various Pt photocatalysts suspended in the aqueous methanol solution was found to be the highest for the 0.5wt%– and 1.5wt% Pt–TiO2 photocatalysts and the lowest for the 2wt% Pt–TiO2. This could be due to loading Pt above the optimum amount to such an extent, preventing sufficient light from reaching the TiO2 surface. Pt particles can also touch and overlap which will decrease Pt contact with TiO2 thus decreasing effective charge transfer.
Thesis (M.Sc. (Chemistry))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Soufi, Jihène. "Traitement des gaz d’échappement des groupes électrogènes alimentés par des gasoils, fuels marines ou bio-huiles : élimination des HAP en présence ou non de SOx." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1120.

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Ponczek, Milena 1986. "Degradação de compostos orgânicos voláteis em fase gasosa através da fotocatálise com luz UV, TiO2 e TiO2/Pt." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/266075.

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Orientador: Edson Tomaz
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T01:40:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ponczek_Milena_M.pdf: 3719180 bytes, checksum: efe8192ba2f868976819b64f089b973c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Compostos orgânicos voláteis, ou COV, são uma importante classe de poluentes do ar comumente encontrados na atmosfera ao nível do solo, nos centros urbanos e industriais. O tratamento de COV provenientes de fontes industriais através da fotocatálise heterogênea é uma técnica eficiente para a degradação de baixas concentrações de uma grande gama de compostos orgânicos diferentes (hidrocarbonetos, aromáticos, alcóois, cetonas, etc) operando em condições ambientes. Um dos problemas que ainda impede sua aplicação industrial é a desativação do catalisador e por isso muitos grupos de pesquisa têm se dedicado ao estudo desta técnica na tentativa de melhorá-la e solucionar estes entraves. A atividade fotocatalítica do TiO2 pode ser melhorada pela adição de metais na sua superfície. Neste trabalho, preparou-se catalisadores de TiO2 por impregnação de Pt (1% m/m). A platina foi reduzida com NaBH4, fazendo-se posteriormente caracterização por DRX, XPS, UV ¿Vis, BET, Quimissorção de H2 e MEV/EDS para a validação do método de síntese. Todas as técnicas confirmaram que o método de redução com NaBH4 não modifica estruturalmente o TiO2, mantendo a sua cristalinidade e a razão de anatase/rutilo. A técnica de XPS indicou a presença de metal em estado de oxidação reduzido. Para o estudo da influência da impregnação de Pt no óxido titânio, foram realizados experimentos de fotocatálise em um reator recoberto com TiO2puro, e em um reator recoberto com TiO2/Pt variando-se a concentração de entrada (de 50 à 500 ppmv) ou o tempo de residência (de 10 à 50 s) para os COV n-octano, iso-octano, n-hexano e ciclohexano. Utilizou-se reatores tubulares com volume interno de 1160 ml com os catalisadores, dióxido de titânio puro ou modificado, imobilizados na parede interna dos reatores. A fonte de radiação UV foi uma lâmpada do tipo germicida de 100W de potência, caracterizada por comprimentos de onda de 254 nm (banda de emissão UV-C). As concentrações na entrada e na saída do reator foram analisadas através de um monitor contínuo de hidrocarbonetos do tipo FID. A adição de platina ao TiO2 gera uma melhoria na eficiência fotocatalítica nas reações de oxidação de COV; a conversão dos COV utilizando o catalisador impregnado com platina atingiu 99 % de conversão, enquanto que TiO2 puro atingiu, no máximo 93%
Abstract: Volatile organic compounds, or VOC, are an important class of air pollutants commonly found in the atmosphere at ground level in urban and industrial centers. The treatment of VOC from industrial sources by oxidative photodegradation is presented as a good alternative. These systems are promising as pollution control technology, since they can decompose low concentrations of VOC efficiently and in ambient conditions. The recombination of electrons and holes formed on the surface of TiO2 is a factor that limits the photocatalytic efficiency. For this reason, many efforts have been made to maximize the separation of charges, in order to improve the photocatalytic efficiency. A proposed alternative is to add noble metals to TiO2 structure. This work aims to study the degradation of volatile organic compounds by heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation using ultraviolet light, bare TiO2 and TiO2 impregnated with 1% w/w platinum as catalysts. TiO2 catalysts were prepared by impregnating Pt on TiO2 structure by reduction method with NaBH4. The photocatalysts were characterized using analytical techniques like XRD, XPS, UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance, BET, H2 Chemisorption and SEM/EDS to validate the method of synthesis. All analysis confirmed that the reduction method with NaBH4 do not structurally modify TiO2, keeping its crystallinity and the ratio of anatase/rutile. XPS indicates the presence of metal in reduced oxidation state. To study the influence of the impregnation of platinum on titania, after synthesis and characterization, the study of gas-solid heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation of some VOC was carried out at room temperature with annular plug flow reactors (1160 ml), one coated with pure TiO2 and another coated with TiO2/Pt, the catalysts were immobilized on reactor¿s internal walls. The photocatalystic tests were performed for n-octane , iso-octane, n-hexane and ciclohexane varying the inlet concentration (from 50 to 500 ppm) or residence time (from 10 to 50 s). The light source was an UV lamp (100 W, wavelengths with a maximum intensity at 254 nm. Reactants and products concentrations were analyzed using a continuous monitoring with a total hydrocarbon analyzer with flame ionization detector (FID). The addition of platinum to TiO2 improves photocatalytic efficiency of oxidation of VOC; conversion of the VOC using impregnated catalyst reached 99%, whereas pure TiO2 was at most 93%. No título do trabalho, a fórmula TiO2 deve vir com o "2" em subscrito, pois trata-se da fómula química da substância
Mestrado
Processos em Tecnologia Química
Mestra em Engenharia Química
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Modingwane, Boitshoko Goitseone. "Investigation of Pt supported on carbon, ZrO2, Ta2O5 and Nb2O5 as electrocatalysts for the electro–oxidation of SO2 / Boitshoko Goitseone Modingwane." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5557.

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The gradual depletion of and dependence on fossil fuels, air pollution and global warming have all accelerated the development of alternative energy systems which use hydrogen as an energy carrier. The hybrid sulphur cycle (HyS) is the foremost electrothermochemical process that can produce hydrogen as the energy carrier. The HyS cycle consists of two units, namely the sulphuric acid decomposition reactor and the sulphur dioxide electrolyser (SDE). The SDE is responsible for the SO2 electrooxidation to sulphuric acid and protons at the anode and the electro–reduction of protons to hydrogen at the cathode. This research study focuses on the kinetic data collected from the prepared catalysts for SO2 electro–oxidation at the anode. Platinum dispersed on carbon, niobium pentoxide, tantalum pentoxide and zirconium dioxide as electrocatalysts were prepared using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. These electrocatalysts were characterized using transmission electron microscopy and x–ray diffraction. Cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical active surface area (EAS) and the results showed that Pt/ZrO2–C had a higher EAS area than Pt/Ta2O5–C, Pt/Nb2O5–C and Pt/C. The high EAS of Pt/ZrO2–C can be explained by the low crystal size however after a series of linear polarisation scans Pt/ZrO2–C experiences a much greater area loss than all the other catalysts. Linear polarisation scans for each of the catalysts revealed that the influence of increased temperature and sulphuric acid concentration were showed improved results. Levich and Koutecky–Levich plots revealed that the SO2 oxidation is a multistep reaction on all the prepared catalysts and that there are regions which are kinetic and diffusion controlled and diffusion–only controlled. Pt/Ta2O5–C catalysts exhibited superior catalytic activity and stability compared Pt/Nb2O5–C, Pt/ZrO2–C and Pt/C. The Pt/ZrO2–C exhibited the most inferior catalytic activity and stability.
Thesis (M.Sc. (Chemistry))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Books on the topic "Platinum Dioxide"

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Stalder, Michael. Functional one-dimensional nanostructures of silicon oxide, titanium dioxide and platinum. 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Platinum Dioxide"

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Vannice, M. A., P. Odier, M. Bujor, and J. J. Fripiat. "Titanium Dioxide Single-Crystal and Powder Surfaces in the Presence and Absence of Platinum." In Catalyst Characterization Science, 98–110. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1985-0288.ch009.

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Tiwari, Rashmi, Sachin Singh, Pooja Lohia, and D. K. Dwivedi. "Sensitivity Enhancement of Platinum Diselenide Based SPR Sensor Using Titanium Dioxide as Adhesion Layer." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 249–55. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2631-0_23.

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Gläser, Roger, Jörg Williardt, David Bush, Michael J. Lazzaroni, and Charles A. Eckert. "Application of High-Pressure Phase Equilibria to the Selective Oxidation of Alcohols over Supported Platinum Catalysts in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide." In ACS Symposium Series, 352–64. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2003-0852.ch024.

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Felthouse, T. R., D. A. Berkel, S. R. Jost, E. L. McGrew, and A. Vavere. "Platinum-Catalyzed Sulfur Dioxide Oxidation Revisited." In Advanced Catalysts and Nanostructured Materials, 91–115. Elsevier, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012508460-4/50006-1.

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Crundwell, Frank K., Michael S. Moats, Venkoba Ramachandran, Timothy G. Robinson, and William G. Davenport. "Sulfur Dioxide Capture in Sulfuric Acid and Other Products." In Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel, Cobalt and Platinum Group Metals, 247–57. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-096809-4.10020-6.

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Tripathy, S. "Top-down and Bottom-up Approaches for Synthesis of Nanoparticles." In Materials Research Foundations, 92–130. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902370-4.

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There are numerous potential uses as nanoparticles produced from green methods in the medicinal and environmental sciences with a reduction of harmful chemicals and solvents. To synthesize nanoparticles use of safe organic resources like plants, and microorganisms producing nanoparticles for numerous applications such as catalysis, sensing, electronics, photonics and medicine. Aiming to minimize or prevent waste generated from reactions while maintaining efficacy. In this chapter, as well as the production of plant-mediated nanoparticles and some current uses of these materials, such as gold, silver, copper, palladium, platinum, zinc oxide, and titanium dioxide, the fundamentals of green chemistry have been discussed.
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Alberto Mendoza Pérez, Jorge, Abril Gardenia Martínez Castillo, Jorge Octaviano Gomez Castrejon, and Juan Carlos Gómez Buendía. "Electrolytic Cell Applied for the Breakdown of Endocrine Disrupting Drugs in Aqueous Tributaries." In Electrodialysis. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93018.

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In this chapter, we report previous results about advances of an electrolysis process developed for breakdown of endocrine disrupting drugs in aqueous media. The objective is to achieve the breakdown of two drugs: trimethoprim and a mixture of clavulanic acid-amoxicillin (1:7) with an electrolytic cell by means of oxidization-reduction reactions. The evaluation of the process was carried out using spectrometry techniques UV-Vis, thin layer chromatography (TLC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC). Handcrafted mineral carbon electrodes doped with titanium dioxide were designed, platinum and copper wires were placed, and a potassium hydroxide solution was used as electrolyte. The electrolyte, being an alkaline salt, allows the transport of charges from one side to the other, and electrode doped with titanium dioxide is used in order to help the electronic transfer, and the mineral carbon, having a strong affinity for organic and non-polar compounds, performs an adsorption process. Results from several performed assays showed that after 1 hour of treatment, it can be seen the breakdown of the drugs present in a synthetic wastewater solution.
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Tomita, Yugo, and Yoshio Hori. "Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide at a platinum electrode in acetonitrile-water mixtures." In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 581–84. Elsevier, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(98)80826-4.

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Meurig Thomas, John. "The Fuel Cell." In Albemarle Street, 108–18. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192898005.003.0006.

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In an age when climate change is of vital importance, it is necessary to seek ways of ‘decarbonizing’ energy. In the 1840s a lawyer friend of Michael Faraday, named William Grove, invented a new method of creating electricity without producing carbon dioxide. He gave a Discourse on the subject in 1843. This he did using what later became known as the fuel cell. Effectively, under the right conditions, a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen on coming into contact with a catalyst like platinum, generates electricity directly. This is now the basis of the hydrogen economy, which is being increasingly studied the world over. Another Discourse on the hydrogen fuel cell was presented at the RI in 1960 by Francis Bacon, who was responsible for designing the fuel cell used by the astronauts who landed on the moon.
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Seshan, K., H. W. ten Barge, W. Halty, A. N. J. van Keulen, and J. R. H. Ross. "Carbon dioxide reforming of methane in the presence of nickel and platinum catalysts supported on ZrO2." In Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 285–90. Elsevier, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(08)63882-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Platinum Dioxide"

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Alaei-Sheini, Navid, and Mahsa Rohani. "Resistive Switching in Platinum/Titanium Dioxide Schottky Diode." In 2019 27th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iraniancee.2019.8786517.

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Chen, Chin-Tai, and Chung-Hao Chen. "Inkjet Printing and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide and Platinum Electrodes For Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)." In 2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc40753.2019.8981294.

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Rousselet, Yohann, Gopinath R. Warrier, and Vijay K. Dhir. "An Experimental Study of Heat Transfer From Small Horizontal Cylinders at Near-Critical Pressures." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44493.

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An experimental study of the free convection heat transfer from horizontally held wires to carbon dioxide at near-critical pressures has been performed. In the experiments, platinum wires of 25.4 μm, 76.2 μm and 100 μm, as well as a 101.6 μm diameter nichrome 60/20 wire were used. The pressure (P) and bulk temperature (Tb) of the fluid were varied in the range: 6.34 MPa ≤ P ≤ 9.60 MPa and 10 °C ≤ Tb ≤ 33.3 °C, respectively. Visual observation of the flow was realized using a high speed camera. The bulk fluid temperature is introduced as a new reference temperature for the calculation of fluid properties. Correlations were developed to predict the natural convection heat transfer rate at both subcritical and supercritical pressures. The correlations developed predict almost all the experimental data from the current study and those reported in the literature to within ± 15%. No bubble-like flow pattern was observed for both platinum and nichrome wires.
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Nguyen, Crystal, Daniel Volpe, William Wilson, Mansour Zenouzi, and Jason Avent. "Efficiency Experiments on Modified Dye Sensitized Solar Cells." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68773.

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Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) is a relatively new form of solar panels which use a photo reactive dye and electrolytic cell to capture sunlight and turn it into electricity. The efficiency of DSSCs is about 10% but they are much less expensive to produce than silicon solar cells. The carbon dioxide release from DSSC manufacture is much less than a silicon solar cell, so DSSCs pay back their greenhouse gas emissions rapidly, while many silicon panels may never pay back the pollution they require to manufacture. Because of greater efficiency, silicon solar cells still produce power more cheaply than DSSC. Slight improvements to efficiency or reduction in cost would make these solar panels a more cost effective solution for photovoltaic power. A standard DSSC was built and compared to a modified version using a graphite layer instead of platinum. Surprisingly, the graphite panel outperformed the platinum panel. This is thought to be a result of inexperienced manufacturing. Recommendations for improvements for the experiment are outlined.
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Shibahara, Makoto, Qiusheng Liu, and Katsuya Fukuda. "Transient Heat Transfer for Carbon Dioxide Flowing Over a Horizontal Plate With Exponentially Increasing Heat Input." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68603.

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Transient heat transfer coefficients for carbon-dioxide gas flowing over a horizontal plate (ribbon) at various periods of exponentially increasing heat input was experimentally and theoretically studied. In the experimental studies, transient heat transfer coefficients were measured under various velocities and periods. The platinum plate with a thickness of 0.1 mm was used as test heater and heated by electric current. The heat generation rate was exponentially increased with a function of Q0exp(t/τ). The gas flow velocities ranged from 1 to 3 m/s, the gas temperatures ranged from 313 K to 353 K, and the periods of heat generation rate ranged from 46 ms to 17 s. The surface temperature and heat flux increase exponentially as the heat generation rate increases with the exponential function. It was clarified that the heat transfer coefficient approaches the quasi-steady-state one for the period longer than about 1 s, and it becomes higher for the period shorter than around 1 s. In the theoretical study, forced convection transient heat transfer was numerically solved based on a conventional turbulent flow model. The temperature within the boundary layer around the heater increases with the increase of the surface temperature. It is understood that the gradient of the temperature distribution near the wall of the plate is higher at a higher surface temperature difference. The values of numerical solutions for the heat fluxes agree well with the experimental data, though the numerical solutions for surface temperatures show some differences with the experimental data.
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Peng, Edwin, and Halil Berberoglu. "Fabrication of a Dye Sensitized Solar Cell and Its Performance Dependence on Temperature and Irradiance." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44349.

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This paper reports the temperature and irradiance dependence of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with acetonitrile-based electrolytes. The prototyped DSSCs had nanocrystalline titanium dioxide photoanodes and platinum thin film cathode. The photoanodes were sensitized with N-749 dye. The current-voltage characteristics of the DSSCs were measured at temperatures from 5 to 50 °C and under 500, 1000, and 1500 W m−2 irradiance. The open circuit voltage, VOC, decreased linearly with increasing temperature and had positive, logarithmic relation with irradiance. At temperatures lower than 15 °C, short circuit current density, JSC, was limited by the diffusion of I3− in the electrolyte and increased with increasing temperature. At higher temperatures the recombination of electrons injected into the TiO2 conduction band was dominant over diffusion and JSC decreased with increasing temperature. Moreover, JSC increaed linearly with increasing irradiance. The DSSC photoconversion efficiency did not vary appreciably at temperatures lower than 15 °C but decreased with increasing temperature. Finally, the efficiency increased with increasing irradiance.
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Turcotte, S. B., R. E. Benner, A. M. Riley, J. Li, and M. E. Wadsworth. "Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Electrochemically Oxidized Pyrite and Galena." In Laser Applications to Chemical Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laca.1992.wc9.

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Iron pyrite is a common constituent of coal and its presence during combustion leads to the production of sulfur dioxide and acid rain. Consequently, there is a large research effort dedicated to improving the methods of separating pyrite from coal. One method of separation is to utilize the natural hydrophobicity of many sulfide ores. It has been observed that under the correct conditions of pH and electropotential that sulfide minerals are sufficiently hydrophobic that they can be readily floated. This has been attributed this to the formation of elemental sulfur on the surface of the sulfide minerals [1]. Therefore, there is an interest in identifying the conditions that give rise to sulfur formation on the pyrite surface. In this study Raman spectroscopy is used to evaluate the pyrite surface in situ for various applied potentials. As a source of comparison, the surface products of galena (PbS) and electrodeposited sulfur on platinum are also given.
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Mabiza, M. J., C. Mbohwa, and M. Mutingi. "Life cycle inventory analysis and equivalent carbon dioxide emissions calculation of the mining and ore concentration processes of PGM at the anglo American Platinum Ltd, South Africa." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2014.7058792.

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Shibahara, Makoto, Qiusheng Liu, and Katsuya Fukuda. "Effect of Heater Configurations on Transient Heat Transfer for Various Gases Flowing Over a Twisted Heater." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75260.

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Forced convection transient heat transfer coefficients were measured for helium gas and carbon dioxide gas flowing over a twisted heater due to exponentially increasing heat input (Q0exp(t/τ)). The twisted platinum plate with a thickness of 0.1 mm was used as test heater and heated by electric current. The heat generation rate was exponentially increased with a function of Q0exp(t/τ). The gas flow velocities ranged from 1 to 10 m/s, the gas temperatures ranged from 313 to 353 K, and the periods of heat generation rate ranged from 46 ms to 17 s. The surface temperature difference and heat flux increase exponentially as the heat generation rate increases with the exponential function. Transient heat transfer coefficients increase with increasing gas flow velocity. The geometric effect of twisted heater in this study shows an enhancement on the heat transfer coefficient. Empirical correlation for quasi-steady-state heat transfer was obtained based on the experimental data. The data for heat transfer coefficient were compared with those reported in authors’ previous paper.
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Jakkaraju, Madhuri, and Vasudha Patri. "S. I. Engine Pollution Control Using Low-Cost Palletized Catalytic Converter." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58248.

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I. C. Engines consume large amounts of fossil fuel emitting harmful pollutants like carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbons (UBHC), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). By using a catalytic converter (CC), the carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon emissions can be transformed into less harmful carbon dioxide (CO2) & water vapor (H2O). Currently available CC’s are using costly noble metals like platinum (pt), palladium (pd), rhodium (rh) etc., hence making them expensive. This paper deals with the use of low-cost palletized silver coated alumina as the catalyst element in a CC. In this study, alumina and silver were used in the ratio of 10:1. All tests have been conducted on a stationary S.I. Engine at a constant speed of 1500 r.p.m with and without CC. Also, the performance of the palletized CC in combination with promoters like Bismuth, Cerium and Lanthanum was tested which have shown better results than silver alone as the coating element. It has been experimentally determined that the CO emissions have dropped from 7.25 (% vol) to 3.03(% vol) and the HC values have reduced from 350 ppm to 190 ppm.
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