Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Plateforme en ligne'
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Balog-Crisan, Radu. "La modélisation d'objets pédagogiques pour une plateforme sémantique d'apprentissage." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1050.
Full textIn order to make Learning Objects (LO) accessible, reusable and adaptable, it is necessary to model them. Besides form and structure, one must also define the semantics associated with a given LO. Thus, we propose a modeling scheme for LOs that respects the LOM (Learning Object Metadata) standard and which uses a RDF-based (Resource Description Framework) data model. In order to encode, exchange and reuse such structured metadata for LOs, we have developed the RDF4LOM (RDF for LOM) application. By using Semantic Web tools, we are able to deliver a prototype of a semantic learning platform (SLCMS) that enhances internal resources, LOs modeled with RDF as well as external resources (semantic wikis, blogs or calendars). The architecture of this SLCMS is based upon a semantic Kernel whose role is to interpret metadata and create intelligent queries. We use ontologies, for the description of semantic constraints and reasoning rules concerning the LOs. By means of accurate and complete ontologies, the LOs will be machine-interpretable and also machine-understandable. For the semantic Quiz module, we have developed the Quiz and LMD ontologies. The semantic learning platform enables searching for appropriate LOs, generating personalized learning paths for learners and, as en evolution, adaptation to learning styles
Ly, Van Bao. "Réalisation d'un système de vérification de signature manuscrite en-ligne indépendant de la plateforme d'acquisition." Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TELE0008.
Full textThis thesis contributes to the automatic identity verification using the online handwritten signature, which is often sampled by a digitizing tablet or a touch screen. The handwritten signature is a highly accepted biometric modality. The proposed algorithm is original, generic and independent of the experimental signature database. It can be installed with different acquisition devices without any adaptation. The signature is modelled by a Hidden Markov Model. Firstly, we perform a personalized normalization of the signature features, which improves the quality of the Hidden Markov Model. In this stage, we experiment only the Likelihood information of the Hidden Markov Model, and show that the normalization of the signature features is crucial to the system performance. Then, we exploit second information given by the Hidden Markov Model in order to verify the identity. It's the Segmentation of the signature, never used previously for this task. After, this information is fused with the Likelihood information to reinforce the verification system. The experiments show that the system performances are greatly improved compared to the exclusive use of the Likelihood information. These experiments are performed on 4 signature databases, whose characteristics are very different, and then on the integrated database, which is simply a mixture of the 4 previous databases. The good system performances show the independence of the proposed algorithm with respect to the considered signature database, or to the signature acquisition device
Dejean-Ozanne, Christophe. "Économie de la donnée et plateforme en ligne : essai sur la pertinence d’un régime juridique contractuel." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU10054.
Full textThe development of the Internet and digital technology has produced a revolution leading to the advent of the digital economy. The digital economy is data-driven and dominated by online platforms. The datais characterized by its ubiquity on the Internet. They are the new black gold of the 21st century, the raw material necessary to the development of online platforms. Online platforms have grown to become the key players in the Internet and its economy. Although frequently used, the concepts of data and online platform remain unclear and still need to be determined. The intertwining of online platforms and data makes this even more necessary and true. Indeed, online platforms use data to attract more Internet users and thus, ultimately, prosper. One must bear in mind that web users - like content publishers and right holders (or beneficiary, beneficial owner) - are the platform’s contributors, providing them with the data they need to grow. The link between data and online platforms raises the crucial question of value sharing. There remain some questions: can the data uploaded or stemming from users surfing be appropriated? If so, who retains ownership? An answer can be provided by resorting to a contractual analysis. The contract can be viewed as the legal tool for regulating the exploitation of data by online platforms. Therefore, a new legal regime based on the contract is put forward in order to better regulate/frame the relationships between online platforms and their partners, bearing in mind that the object of those relationships is the data
Cadario, Romain. "Effets du bouche-à-oreille en ligne sur les décisions d’achat : le cas des avis de consommateurs sur plateforme Internet." Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090047.
Full textOnline consumer reviews (OCR) are conceptualized as a specific form of online word-Of-Mouth, gathering both positive and negative information, numerical (ratings) and textual (comments) information, and which are driven by consumers for consumers on Internet plateforms. In this dissertation, we study the impact of OCR on purchase decisions. We consider two kind of information (numerical and textual OCR), two main metrics of OCR (the valence or average rating, and the volume or number of reviews) as well as two levels of analysis (purchase intentions and actual purchase decisions). The results from four empirical studies on both individual and aggregated data show that: (1) OCR may efficiently signal quality and reduce perceived risk for experience goods, (2) OCR volume and valence have a significant influence on purchase decisions, (3) the effects of OCR on purchase decisions may be lower or stronger according to different moderating factors that we take into account. Last, we discuss managerial implications about firms' online marketing strategies
Oliveira, Vieira Estela Aparecida. "De la construction identitaire du tuteur comme co-construction : analyse de l’activité professionnelle à partir de la plateforme en ligne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3037/document.
Full textThe thesis is based essentially on the work activity of the tutor to better understand the co-construction of professional identity. This activity, which is not recognized as a profession, but as a function that uses highly sophisticated skills. Standards of this function are provided by the institution, but as it is not a recognized profession, it is not regulated. There is a prescribed work, based on predetermined competencies. But when tutors and tutees face reality, with a route to do in real activity, how this process is developed? What is the influence of the actual work activity in the co-construction of tutor's professional identity? This study was developed in order to better understand professional identity. The methodology was structured into 3 steps: documentary analysis about work prescribed by the Àgora program - all the tutors of the course of specialization in primary health care in the family; analysis of the content of the forum of 13 and 5 tutors; the interview of explanation conducted with 5 tutors. At the end of this study, it was found that the identity of the tutor is linked to various elements, values, culture, education, experience. And that there isn't a way of acting, but many manners to interact that will change according to the choices and tools that the tutor has. So, the tutor must master a set of skills that will support his choices depending on the moment and interfaces into play
No Brasil os primeiros registros de educação a distância remontam o início do século XX. De lá para cá foram muitos os projetos e leis que tramitaram no Senado com o intuito de melhor estruturar essa atividade de ensino. No entanto, um dos pontos importantes nesse processo ainda é clarear o papel do tutor. Isto não é uma tarefa muito simples, dada a complexidade do seu papel, as mudanças no cenário histórico cultural e os avanços das tecnologias da informação e comunicação. O impacto dessas mudanças na educação pode ser percebido de muitas maneiras, do número de informações acessíveis e abertas a todos até a exclusão social, de regiões e indivíduos desfavorecidos, provocada por longas distâncias geográficas e sociais. Com esse olhar, em 2006, o governo Brasileiro fortaleceu a proposta de acesso a uma formação superior e desenvolvimento social a partir da educação a distância, sancionando leis e fomentando o acesso de toda a população brasileira. Com esse processo a figura do tutor toma corpo no cenário nacional. Sem ser reconhecida, a tutoria é normalmente relegada a uma atividade secundária. Como o tutor poderá visar uma melhor estruturação de suas tarefas prescritas para responder a necessidade do tutorado? Quais são os limites dessa relação pedagógica? O trabalho prescrito é baseado em competencias pré-estabelecidas. Mas quando tutores e tutorados são confrontados com a realidade, com um percurso a ser feito, em uma atividade real como este processo se desenvolve? Qual a influência da atividade real de trabalho na co-construção da identidade profissioanal do tutor? Este estudo foi elaborado com o intuito de melhor compreender a identidade profissional a partir das interfaces : tutorado, conteúdo, contexto sócio histórico, politico, econômico, institucional, seus pares e ele mesmo. Nós partimos da hipótese de que o tutor desenvolve suas competências didático-pedagógicas e educativas a partir de sua experiência no exercício da tutoria na plataforma. Para isso ele conta, em certos casos, com uma transferência de competências vindas de outras experiências profissionais e de ensino. Mas na experiência online, ele deve desenvolver outras competências de ensino baseadas em marcadores linguísticos que constituem indicadores que lhe permitem estruturar e adaptar a mediação à aprendizagem do tutorado. E este processo contribui para co-construir a sua identidade profissional. A metodologia foi estruturada em 4 etapas: análise documental; análise do trabalho prescrito pelo programa Àgora à todos tutores do curso de especialização em atenção básica em saúde da família; análise do conteúdo do fórum de 13 tutores, a partir do qual foram estruturadas as perguntas para a etapa seguinte; e entrevista de explicitação realizada com cinco tutores. Todas essas etapas foram acompanhadas de revisão sistemática da literatura, com o intuito de compreender a atividade do tutor e compreender os elementos que constituem sua identidade profissional. No final deste estudo foi possível constatar que a identidade do tutor é ligada a vários elementos, valores, cultura, formação, experiência. Mas que não há uma maneira de atuação, mas sim várias maneiras de interagir que variam conforme as escolhas e ferramentas que o tutor possui. Também a maneira pela qual o tutor realiza sua mediação é baseada na forma como o tutorado interage e se posiciona na plataforma. Assim o tutor deve 222 dominar um conjunto de competências que o apoiarão em suas escolhas dependendo do momento e das interfaces em jogo
Acquatella, François. "Analyse stratégique du marché de la formation en ligne : les Moocs comme nouvelle variable des écosystèmes de plateformes digitales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENST0057.
Full textThis thesis is an original contribution aimed at reporting new strategies based on Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) on the online training market. This research work also analyzes the strategic dynamics adopted by e-learning platforms. MOOCs can be considered as a type of strategic innovation (Lehmann-Ortega, 2006). The promise made by this singular object presents a form of radicality likely to reverse "the game rules" (Pierre Roy, 2005) of online training market. For some companies, MOOCs are an opportunity to enhance their business by increasing their positive visibility. These devices are then used as a marketing device, especially to develop the reputation of the company. In some organizations, MOOCs encourage new training practices. The MOOC is then written as a socio-technological artefact, which can participate in the development of a "capacitive" and potentially structuring environment (Giddens, 1987). Within their platform ecosystems, MOOCs generate network effects capable of creating and coordinate new markets (Kim, Mauborgne, 1999).They present a disruptive potential. Basing our research on quantitative and qualitative approaches, we expose consecutively the marketing and techno-structuring potential of MOOCs. One of the contributions of the thesis lies in the case study of the Coursera platform. In particular, we report on a form of "strategic groping" adopted by this leader in online training
Pilet, Julia. "Parcours d'enseignement différencié appuyés sur un diagnostic en algèbre élémentaire à la fin de la scolarité obligatoire : modélisation, implémentation dans une plateforme en ligne et évaluation." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00784039.
Full textMorrongiello, Caroline. "De l'empowerment à l'engagement du client sur les plateformes en ligne : ou comment favoriser l'activité des clients sur Internet." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01071185.
Full textZiani, Ghaouti. "Place des forums dans un dispositif de formation hybride appuyé sur la plateforme Moodle et médiatisation des savoirs : étude de cas en France et en Algérie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0246.
Full textThe university context of hybrid formation, articulating group lessons and distance is apprehended here as a field of study on communication practices and media coverage of knowledge between learners. The question that guides our research is: How to explain the use or non-use communication tools of learning platforms of higher education? Are the activities of learners with platform communication tools (discussion forums) are knowledge activities? We have been situated in an interpretative epistemology, which oriente our attention on the discourses of interviewees (teachers and students) in two different cultural contexts, the University of Lorraine in France and universities of Tlemcen and Ouargla in Algeria. We examine media coverage of knowledge by convening the concepts of knowledge activities (Gérard, 2000) to analyze the discourse on activities that students are communication tools.At the end of our empirical study, we show that a hybrid device communication tools platform for learning open a range of possibilities but does not select for themselves the path that will monitoring for mediatisation of knowledges among learners. It responds to social and educational constraints facing uses. The mediatisation of knowledges is the product of interactions between all opened by the communication tools of learning platform opportunities, other communication practices, and social and educational constraints (role of the teacher, student engagement, ...) which characterize the context of inserting these communication devices. In this educational context, we found it almost impossible to imagine a process of appropriation discussion forums it is exclusively individual. It always passes through others and social relationships and even the process of knowledge construction
Ghaffari, Fakhreddine. "Partitionnement en ligne d'applications flots de données pour des architectures temps réel auto-adaptatives." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00128242.
Full textcomplexes tels que les systèmes intégrés de traitement d'image,
consistent à réaliser avec succès des produits fiables,
performants, efficaces quelles que soient les conditions d'utilisation et peu
coûteux. Relever ces défis passe par un bon choix d'architecture, de méthodes
et outils adaptés aux applications visées et aux technologies cibles. Pour de
nombreuses applications, en particulier en télécommunication et multimédia,
des réalisations temps réel souple sont souvent suffisantes, c'est-à-dire des
implémentations visant à obtenir une qualité de service adaptée aux besoins.
Au lieu de s'appuyer sur des temps d'exécutions pire cas ou des séquences de
test souvent peu représentatives pour concevoir ces systèmes, notre approche
vise une plate-forme auto-adaptative capable de s'auto-configurer au cours de
l'exécution de l'application (donc en ligne). On peut citer comme exemples
d'applications le cas d'une caméra fixe de télésurveillance qui adapte ses
traitements en fonction de la nature des images acquises ou un terminal mobile
multimodal qui change de norme de transmission si la qualité du canal de
communication l'exige.
Les composants reconfigurables ont des niveaux de performances et une
flexibilité qui les rendent très attractifs dans un nombre croissant de
développements. La reconfiguration dynamique (partielle ou complète) offre la
possibilité de réutiliser les mêmes ressources matérielles pour une succession
de traitements, et ce de façon analogue à une réalisation logicielle. Nous
proposons une approche permettant d'allouer et d'ordonnancer dynamiquement
les tâches d'une application flot de données en fonction d'une estimation de
leurs temps d'exécution afin de respecter au mieux les contraintes de temps.
Cette reconfiguration en ligne nécessite des recherches de compromis
complexité/efficacité de l'allocation et de l'ordonnancement afin d'optimiser la
qualité de service et de réduire leurs coûts de réalisation.
Ziani, Ghaouti. "Place des forums dans un dispositif de formation hybride appuyé sur la plateforme Moodle et médiatisation des savoirs : étude de cas en France et en Algérie." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0246.
Full textThe university context of hybrid formation, articulating group lessons and distance is apprehended here as a field of study on communication practices and media coverage of knowledge between learners. The question that guides our research is: How to explain the use or non-use communication tools of learning platforms of higher education? Are the activities of learners with platform communication tools (discussion forums) are knowledge activities? We have been situated in an interpretative epistemology, which oriente our attention on the discourses of interviewees (teachers and students) in two different cultural contexts, the University of Lorraine in France and universities of Tlemcen and Ouargla in Algeria. We examine media coverage of knowledge by convening the concepts of knowledge activities (Gérard, 2000) to analyze the discourse on activities that students are communication tools.At the end of our empirical study, we show that a hybrid device communication tools platform for learning open a range of possibilities but does not select for themselves the path that will monitoring for mediatisation of knowledges among learners. It responds to social and educational constraints facing uses. The mediatisation of knowledges is the product of interactions between all opened by the communication tools of learning platform opportunities, other communication practices, and social and educational constraints (role of the teacher, student engagement, ...) which characterize the context of inserting these communication devices. In this educational context, we found it almost impossible to imagine a process of appropriation discussion forums it is exclusively individual. It always passes through others and social relationships and even the process of knowledge construction
Labbouz, Sophie. "Le choix du tracé d'une ligne de transport en commun en site propre et de la position de sa plateforme en milieu urbain : l'utilisation des outils mathématiques au service de la concertation." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00468607.
Full textNiu, Jing. "An investigation of marketing communication facilitated by social media platforms." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023EHEC0009.
Full textThis thesis predominantly delves into what motivates social media users' interactions (the antecedents), what determines patterns of different users' activities (the content), what influences the effectiveness of social media activities (the implementation), and what determines the outcomes of those activities (the consequences)
Ghourabi, Samira. "L’appropriation des référentiels normatifs dans les environnements d’apprentissage en ligne : evaluation de l’usage de la plate forme Moodle de l’Université Virtuelle de Tunis." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30003.
Full textWith the significant growth of Information and Communication Technologies, the traditional methods of disseminating, accessing and sharing information have been reshaped.Currently, the ICT dedicated to education are thriving, enabling learner human new ways to train independently and draw their own learning paths. The e-Learning is a new form of learning facilitates both, access to educational resources, sharing and remote collaboration.To overcome the difficulties related to interoperability of e-Learning systems and guarantee the quality of learning, the application of normative references must apply to all aspects of a learning device (learner’s profiles, methods of monitoring and evaluation, communication tools and capabilities ...). The work proposed in this thesis aims to examine the state of reference standards application in the Virtual University of Tunis. Through a case study, we examined on the one hand, the receptivity of the VUT on regarding the interests of normative references dedicated to education, on the other hand; we identified the communication tools integrated in the platform Moodle allowing the tutor to follow up, evaluation and support
Duval, Arnaud. "Dispositifs numériques et enseignement du FLE en Corée du Sud : les contraintes d'une mutation." Thesis, Le Mans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEMA3009.
Full textFollowing a brief presentation of the Korean education system, and a brief history of French language teaching in this region, from the first French missionaries to the success of the Delf-Dalf certifications, we sought to understand why, the teaching of French does not seem to have the same appeal to most of the 27,000 Korean high school students to whom it is still being taught today. Considering the recommendations of the European Commission for language teaching, giving particular attention to the conclusions of the cognitive sciences in education, we shall demonstrate that the enrolment of French exchange students as peer instructors, along with online engaging activities, would likely revive the interest of those young Korean learners. Analyzing the technological habits of this generation who was born with the Internet, led us to believe that, despite the reluctance of teachers to use these so-called ‘educational’ technologies, their implementation seems indeed appropriate, first to drive practices forward, and furthermore, to make human encounters easier. We will share our views on how our roles as instructors have evolved since setting up a participatory teaching network among secondary school and undergraduate students of French. The analysis of the interviews and surveys we have been conducting periodically over several years, in order to probe the difficulties of developing such a site, shows that beyond technology, designing and sharing teaching resources has opened promising and unexpected perspectives: along with increasing usage of internet technologies, lively student interaction is still an essential part of language acquisition
Bergey, Jean-Luc. "Élaborations textuelles, genres discursifs et apprentissages linguistiques médiés par les Learning Management Systems (plateformes de formation)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30020/document.
Full textMy thesis is positioned within the theoretical framework of cognitive and speaker-oriented linguistics; it also relies on e-learning and ICT in the sections on applications and development. This project endeavours to combine these two aspects in the field of language teaching, especially with a view to developing tools for language learning. This study firstly aims at analysing the different forms of language activity through the description and analysis of what is called "discursive genres" and, secondly, it seeks to bring to light styles in the ways of learning which are associated with learners’ cognitive profiles through the development of specific software tools for language learning.The identification of these learning styles (or cognitive profiles) should enable us to define learning strategies – processes that make learners more autonomous as cognitive subjects – in other words, they become the agent of their own learning. The backdrop for my analysis is a neo-vygotskian conception of learning and in particular one of the concepts it provides us with: collaboration.For this purpose, the use of a learning platform, known in English as 'Learning Management System' and of various dedicated software tools associated with it (glossary, mind mapping, collaborative software) gives me the possibility to experiment sequences of language micro-activities aimed at building a comprehensive language competence by the learner (which is a positioning of the student as an institutional actor). In addition, as the use of discourse types grounds this thesis in a functional type analysis such as 'Task Based Learning' (Rod Ellis), it will allow a theoretical evaluation of CEFRL (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages), which is the current reference in the didactics of foreign or second language teaching
Larrieu, Thomas. "Topics in industrial organization applied to competition policy." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX058/document.
Full textThe Internet technology and the web economy create new types of markets and new relationships between market players. The majority of these new markets can be associated to platforms where two or more sides of the same market meet. Such “multi-sided” industries raise specific issues. Determining the optimal pricing strategy for both the platform and the users selling goods through the platform is one of the main challenges of this new economy. The first two chapters of my thesis analysis Price Parity Agreement (PPA) from a theoretical and an empirical point of view. I first study the effect of Price Parity Agreements from a theoretical perspective. I demonstrate that PPAs on the online booking market are detrimental to consumers if platforms have most of the bargaining power. They attenuate competition between platforms, lead to higher commission fees and higher hotel rooms’ prices. However, MFN clauses may also be welfare improving when hotels own the bargaining power and competition between them is high. The second chapter is dedicated to an empirical analysis of the effects of PPAs. Using a before-after design and controlling for external shocks, I demonstrate that the end of Price Parity Agreements imposed by public authorities to OTAs causes a decrease of about 3.1% to 4.5% in the average level of prices set by hotels. This decrease may be explained by an increase of price discrimination. I show that the level of price discrimination across OTAs increases by 2.3% to 1.4% after the drop of Price Parity Agreements and that the degree of inter-temporal price discrimination also increases by 3.6% to 2.1%. The last chapter of my thesis is focused on the analysis of the financial fines imposed by the French Autorité de la Concurrence to cartels in France between 2006 and 2018. We show that the level of these fines is sub-optimal and doesn’t meet the deterrence objective in the majority of the cases
Fakhfakh, Fatma. "De l'étude de terrain (à l'l.P.E.l.S. et la F.S.S.) à la scénarisation des évaluations d'un cours de FOU scientifique et technique, mis en ligne sur la plateforme Moodle 2.4 de l'U.V.T. conçu pour les étudiants de première année des cycles préparatoires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0116.
Full textAt the close of the new researches in didactics at university (French on university objectives and Remote Teaching) and educational reforms targeting the development of learners' level in French inside and outside French departments (Project of updating of French and in French in higher education),scientific and technical French in departments of preliminary courses is an interesting field of study. First-year students-those who passed the baccalaureate- need to know about their university aims in French so as to target the content of apprenticeship programmes and evaluation. Further to a conception of a system of reference of abilities of scientific and technical French (inspired from the principles of Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) and an online lesson of scientific and technical French on MOODLE 2.4 of Tunis Virtual University, we undertake in this thesis to design the models of apprenticeship assessments appropriate to our context. The 2014 investigations in Preparatory Institute for engineering Studies de Sfax and Faculty of Sciences of Sfax (with students of the four branches, French module instructors and the first-year subjects ’instructors) have led us to envisage the idea of the contextualization of apprenticeship portfolio and a model of linguistic certification (Study Diploma in French Language of B1 level) from which we get the conception of brief /summary assessments
Fakhfakh, Fatma. "De l'étude de terrain (à l'l.P.E.l.S. et la F.S.S.) à la scénarisation des évaluations d'un cours de FOU scientifique et technique, mis en ligne sur la plateforme Moodle 2.4 de l'U.V.T. conçu pour les étudiants de première année des cycles préparatoires." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0116/document.
Full textAt the close of the new researches in didactics at university (French on university objectives and Remote Teaching) and educational reforms targeting the development of learners' level in French inside and outside French departments (Project of updating of French and in French in higher education),scientific and technical French in departments of preliminary courses is an interesting field of study. First-year students-those who passed the baccalaureate- need to know about their university aims in French so as to target the content of apprenticeship programmes and evaluation. Further to a conception of a system of reference of abilities of scientific and technical French (inspired from the principles of Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) and an online lesson of scientific and technical French on MOODLE 2.4 of Tunis Virtual University, we undertake in this thesis to design the models of apprenticeship assessments appropriate to our context. The 2014 investigations in Preparatory Institute for engineering Studies de Sfax and Faculty of Sciences of Sfax (with students of the four branches, French module instructors and the first-year subjects ’instructors) have led us to envisage the idea of the contextualization of apprenticeship portfolio and a model of linguistic certification (Study Diploma in French Language of B1 level) from which we get the conception of brief /summary assessments
Lazreg, Sami. "Applications variables sur plateformes configurables : Analyse anticipée de faisabilité et d'optimalité." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4070.
Full textSoftware-intensive embedded systems, such as automotive systems, are increasingly built from highly- variable applications targeting evermore configurable hardware platforms. Moreover, besides variability present at specification level, there are often various ways to implement a given application on a specific platform. This threefold variability leads to an immense number of system design alternatives. The notorious problem is establishing, at the early stages of development, which designs fulfill and optimize functional and non-functional requirements. Traditional system design frameworks capture system requirements and specifications to derive and evaluate every design automatically. They evaluate every facet of the problem, but they use enumeration et iterative based techniques. Consequently, they may offer poor scalability at both modelling and analysis stages. On the other hand, variability modelling approaches exploit commonalities between different but related products to efficiently evaluate the whole product line. However, given system specifications, they lack to automatically derive the design space while only specific facets of the problem are evaluated in isolation. We propose a model-driven framework that combines and extends both approaches. It captures requirements and specifications in the form of variable data-flows and configurable hardware platforms, with non-functional constraints and a cost function. An original mapping algorithm then derives and automatically generates the design space in the form of a variability-aware model of computation. This formal model encodes every system designs efficiently. We then propose a novel verification algorithm to pinpoint suitable designs efficiently with respect to functional and non-functional requirements. The benefits of our approach are evaluated through a real-world case study from the automotive industry
Abedmouleh, Aymen. "Approche Domain-Specific Modeling pour l'opérationnalisation des scénarios pédagogiques sur les plateformes de formation à distance." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01019917.
Full textSakout, Andaloussi Kenza, and Andaloussi Kenza Sakout. "Amélioration de l'expérience d'apprentissage dans un système hypermédia adaptatif éducatif grâce aux données extraites et inférées à partir des réseaux sociaux." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37918.
Full textAvec l'émergence des formations en ligne accessibles pour tous, la personnalisation de l'apprentissage devient de plus en plus cruciale et présente de nouveaux défis aux chercheurs du domaine. Il est actuellement nécessaire de tenir compte de l'hétérogénéité du public cible et lui présenter des contenus éducatifs adaptés à ses besoins et sa façon d'apprendre afin de lui permettre de profiter au maximum de ces formations et éviter le décrochage. Ce travail de recherche s'inscrit dans le cadre des travaux sur la personnalisation de l'apprentissage à travers les systèmes hypermédias adaptatifs utilisés en éducation (SHAE). Ces systèmes ont la vocation de personnaliser le processus d'apprentissage selon des critères bien spécifiques, tels que les pré-requis ou plus souvent les styles d'apprentissage, en générant un chemin d'apprentissage adéquat. Les SHAE se basent généralement sur trois modèles principaux à savoir le modèle apprenant, le modèle du domaine et le modèle d'adaptation. Bien que la personnalisation du processus d'apprentissage offerte par les SHAE actuels soit avantageuse pour les apprenants, elle présente encore certaines limites. D'un côté, juste le fait de personnaliser l'apprentissage augmente les chances que le contenu présenté à l'apprenant lui soit utile et sera ainsi mieux compris. Mais d'un autre côté, la personnalisation dans les SHAE existants se contente des critères niveau de connaissances et style d'apprentissage, et elle s'applique seulement à certains aspects qui n'ont pas évolué depuis leur création, à savoir le contenu, la présentation et la navigation. Ceci remet en question la pertinence des objets d'apprentissage attribués aux apprenants et la motivation de ces derniers à faire usage des SHAE sachant que ceux-ci se basent essentiellement sur les questionnaires pour la constitution de leur modèle apprenant. Suite à une étude empirique d'une cinquantaine de SHAE existants, révélant leurs atouts et limites, certains objectifs de recherche ont été identifiés afin d'améliorer l'expérience d'apprentissage à travers ces systèmes. Ces objectifs visent à établir un modèle de SHAE capable de (i) déterminer les données du modèle apprenant de façon implicite à partir des réseaux sociaux tout en répondant aux standards associés à ce modèle afin de construire le modèle apprenant; (ii) favoriser la collaboration entre les différents apprenants qui seraient mieux motivés à apprendre en collaborant; (iii) personnaliser, de façon automatique, de nouveaux aspects à savoir l'approche pédagogique, la collaboration et le feedback selon les traits de personnalité de l'apprenant en plus des trois volets existants. Un modèle de SHAE a été proposé pour répondre à ces objectifs. Ce modèle permet d’extraire les données personnelles de l'utilisateur à partir de ses réseaux sociaux et de prédire ses traits de personnalité selon son interaction avec ces réseaux. Par la suite, il est possible d'adapter les objets d'apprentissage, sur la base d'un système de recommandation, à ces traits de personnalité en plus du style d'apprentissage et du niveau de connaissances des apprenants. L'adaptation aux traits de personnalité de l'apprenant selon le modèle Big Five a permis de personnaliser de nouveaux aspects tels l'approche pédagogique, le type de collaboration et le feedback. Un prototype, "ColadaptLearn", conçu à partir de ce modèle et expérimenté avec un ensemble d'étudiants a permis de valider les choix du prototype pour les objets d'apprentissage, selon les règles préétablies, en les confrontant aux choix faits par les étudiants. Ces données ont été utilisées pour développer un réseau bayésien permettant de prédire les objets d'apprentissage adéquats aux futurs apprenants. Les résultats de l’expérimentation ont montré qu'il y a une bonne concordance entre les choix du prototype et ceux des apprenants, en plus d'une satisfaction de ces derniers par rapport aux feedbacks reçus, ce qui appuie le rajout des nouveaux aspects proposés. Comme suite à cette thèse, il est envisageable d'appliquer le modèle proposé dans des environnements d'apprentissage plus larges de types cours en ligne ouverts et massifs, jeu sérieux ou même des formations mobiles, ce qui contribuerait à mieux valider les propos amenés. Il est aussi possible d’utiliser des techniques d'apprentissage automatique autres que les réseaux bayésiens pour la prédiction des objets d'apprentissage adaptés. Finalement, il serait intéressant d'explorer d'autres sources de données qui pourraient fournir plus d'informations sur l'apprenant de façon implicite tels ses centres d'intérêt ou ses émotions auxquels un SHAE pourrait s'adapter.
With the growth of online learning accessible to all, learning personalization is becoming increasingly crucial and presents new challenges for researchers. It is currently essential to take into account the heterogeneity of the target audience and adapt educational content to their needs and learning style in such a way that they are able to fully benefit from these learning forms and prevent them from dropping out. This research work addresses learning personalization through adaptive educational hypermedia systems (AEHS). These systems are designed to customize the learning process according to specific criteria, such as prerequisites or, more often, learning styles, by generating a suitable learning path. AEHS are generally based on three main models: the learning model, the domain model and the adaptation model. Although the learning process customization offered by current AEHS is beneficial to learners, it still has some limitations. On one hand, just the fact of personalizing learning increases the likelihood that the content presented to the learner will be useful and thus better understood. But on the other hand, customization in existing AEHS is limited to the criteria knowledge level and learning style and applies only to certain aspects which have not evolved since their creation, namely content, presentation and navigation. This questions the relevance of the learning objects assigned to learners and their motivation to use such AEHS, knowing that they rely essentially on questionnaires to build their learner model. After conducting an empirical study of 50 existing AEHS, revealing their strengths and limitations, some research objectives were identified to improve the learning experience through such systems. These objectives aim to establish an AEHS model which is able to (i) implicitly identify the learning model data on the basis of social networks while meeting the associated standards; (ii) promote collaboration between different learners who would be better motivated to learn while collaborating; (iii) automatically customize new aspects such as the teaching approach, collaboration and feedback according to learners' personality traits in addition to the three existing ones. An AEHS model has been proposed to meet these objectives. This model makes it possible to extract the user's personal data from his social networks and to predict his personality traits depending on his interaction with these networks. Thereafter, it is possible to adapt the learning objects, on the basis of a recommendation system, to these personality traits in addition to the criteria learning style and knowledge level. Adapting to the learner's personality traits according to the Big Five model enabled the customization of new aspects such as the pedagogical approach, the collaboration type and the feedback. A prototype, "ColadaptLearn", based on this model and experimented with a group of students, validated the prototype's choices for learning objects while confronting them to the students' choices. These data were then used to build a Bayesian network to predict the appropriate learning objects for future learners. The experimental results showed that there is a good match between the prototype choices and those of learners, in addition to learners' satisfaction regarding the feedback received, which supports the addition of the proposed new aspects. As a follow-up to this thesis, it is possible to apply the proposed model in a larger learning environment such as massive open online courses (MOOC), serious games or mobile learning, which would help to validate the proposals made. It is also possible to use other automatic learning techniques than Bayesian networks to predict suitable learning objects. Finally, it would be interesting to explore other data sources that could implicitly provide more information about the learner, such as his or her interests or emotions that an SHAE could adapt to.
With the growth of online learning accessible to all, learning personalization is becoming increasingly crucial and presents new challenges for researchers. It is currently essential to take into account the heterogeneity of the target audience and adapt educational content to their needs and learning style in such a way that they are able to fully benefit from these learning forms and prevent them from dropping out. This research work addresses learning personalization through adaptive educational hypermedia systems (AEHS). These systems are designed to customize the learning process according to specific criteria, such as prerequisites or, more often, learning styles, by generating a suitable learning path. AEHS are generally based on three main models: the learning model, the domain model and the adaptation model. Although the learning process customization offered by current AEHS is beneficial to learners, it still has some limitations. On one hand, just the fact of personalizing learning increases the likelihood that the content presented to the learner will be useful and thus better understood. But on the other hand, customization in existing AEHS is limited to the criteria knowledge level and learning style and applies only to certain aspects which have not evolved since their creation, namely content, presentation and navigation. This questions the relevance of the learning objects assigned to learners and their motivation to use such AEHS, knowing that they rely essentially on questionnaires to build their learner model. After conducting an empirical study of 50 existing AEHS, revealing their strengths and limitations, some research objectives were identified to improve the learning experience through such systems. These objectives aim to establish an AEHS model which is able to (i) implicitly identify the learning model data on the basis of social networks while meeting the associated standards; (ii) promote collaboration between different learners who would be better motivated to learn while collaborating; (iii) automatically customize new aspects such as the teaching approach, collaboration and feedback according to learners' personality traits in addition to the three existing ones. An AEHS model has been proposed to meet these objectives. This model makes it possible to extract the user's personal data from his social networks and to predict his personality traits depending on his interaction with these networks. Thereafter, it is possible to adapt the learning objects, on the basis of a recommendation system, to these personality traits in addition to the criteria learning style and knowledge level. Adapting to the learner's personality traits according to the Big Five model enabled the customization of new aspects such as the pedagogical approach, the collaboration type and the feedback. A prototype, "ColadaptLearn", based on this model and experimented with a group of students, validated the prototype's choices for learning objects while confronting them to the students' choices. These data were then used to build a Bayesian network to predict the appropriate learning objects for future learners. The experimental results showed that there is a good match between the prototype choices and those of learners, in addition to learners' satisfaction regarding the feedback received, which supports the addition of the proposed new aspects. As a follow-up to this thesis, it is possible to apply the proposed model in a larger learning environment such as massive open online courses (MOOC), serious games or mobile learning, which would help to validate the proposals made. It is also possible to use other automatic learning techniques than Bayesian networks to predict suitable learning objects. Finally, it would be interesting to explore other data sources that could implicitly provide more information about the learner, such as his or her interests or emotions that an SHAE could adapt to.
Sirois, Olivier. "L'utilisation d'un environnement d'apprentissage virtuel pour soutenir le développement des compétences auditives des étudiants de niveau collégial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67312.
Full textN'dongo, Harouna. "Environnements personnels d'apprentissage : modélisation multi-agents d'un support de construction." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32467.
Full textWith Web 2.0, the university community have developed new learning practices. Students adopt practices for integrating their social activities into their learning process. The needs of learners are rapidly changed and institutions do not still offer resources totally adapted to this context. Students expect to have access to a vast amount of information through formal or informal tools and to be part of a global peer community. The need to combine institutional and personal resources implies a new concept: Personal Learning Environment (PLE). A PLE is defined as a space for learners to customize the aggregation of heterogeneous resources for their learning needs. Developing such environments requires the involvement of complex skills that higher education students, though described as digital natives, do not necessarily possess. The objective of this research work is to allow students to have support for the construction of their PLE as a dashboard. It would provide an up - to - date view of resources use and further exploit the resulting linkages. The proposed solution is based on the Agent - Group - Role organizational model, one of design method for multi-agent systems. A prototype was also implemented and allowed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solution.
Bassagou, Dikagma. "EXOLINE : Dispositif instrumenté pour analyser les interactions en apprentissage collaboratif en ligne." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I074.
Full textThis study concerns a mechanism that could make it possible to analyse students' motivation and autonomy in the absence of human regulation in distance education. Indeed, in the literature, motivation and autonomy have an implication in the drop-out of learners in e-learning situations. To analyze these factors, some researchers use questionnaires on an ad hoc basis and others use digital traces produced by TEL (Technology Enhanced Learning). In most of these studies, the intervention of a tutor to regulate learning activity is important. The objective of this research is to identify students who can follow a teacher from a distance with the best chances of success. To do this, we have designed a system that combines the use of questionnaires and digital learning traces. This system contains a platform called "Exoline" that supports a pedagogical scenario that alternates individual work and collaborative activities in seven steps. Collaborative activities are regulated by a voting system (I like/dislike) of the platform and individual work corresponds to phases of editorial contribution by each learner member of a group. To collect data on collaboration and learning dynamics, we conducted an experiment with 794 students from Kara University with a participation rate of 40.55%. We then applied different statistical methods to the data (questionnaires and traces) from the experiment to identify and study the relationships between learning, motivation and autonomy. Our study highlighted, beyond the initial motivation, the role of the dynamics of maintaining motivation throughout the learning process. The level of progression (number of steps performed) by the learner in our Exoline device has proven to be an interesting indicator of learning performance. In other words, the study shows that most students who drop out do so at the beginning of the course. On a more contextual level, our study also shows how the socioeconomic environment influences the educational path of students, particularly in Togo
Abaragh, Brahim. "La dynamique des interactions communicationnelles associées à la mise en place d'un dispositif d'apprentissage en ligne du français par des apprenants marocains." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMLH01.
Full textThe thesis is interested in the study of interactional dynamics, and deals more specifically with the analysing of the digital trace of students interactions that attend a course online. The main purposeis to see to what extent the activities at work in the platform would mainlyfoster, or not, pooling and sharing knowledge amongpeers.Our researchis consistent with both the information sciences andcommunication and educational sciences. Moreover , itbringstogethertheoretical section in which wedefined the main concepts, especially those related to e-learning and an empiricalelement in which weimplemented an experimental hybrid teaching devise forcheck our research hypotheses.The objectives of this thesis are threefold and go back to: Firstly, to observe howthe "Learn French Online" platform, dedicated to the students of French studies of the university Ibn Zohr of Agadir, could fosteror not the learning. Secondly to explore how it facilitates mutualization and sharing knowledge among students. Thirdly to explore how the digital trace could help identify user profiles in a context learning.Soto understand the logic of appropriation of the device online by students, we shed light on ethno-technological approach, which studies the relationship between technologies, user practices and society.The results demonstrated that learning and knowledge capitalizationAre constructed in different ways according to the interactional exchanges of learners, and that comes on the basis of cognitive and conative variables. Consequently, our experiment was able to identify four profiles of learners: epistemic, pragmatic, intuitive and refractory
Kovacevic, Jovana. "Plateformes d'innovation ouverte (PIO) : la dynamique des discussions orientées innovation dans le Web Community Management." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED069.
Full textIn the context of closed inbound innovation, as a form of open innovation practice, the quality of coordination among employees takes an important place. Innovative ideas can appear at any moment of the numerous formal and informal conversations. Concept generation is a key moment of upstream innovation processes. Thanks to internal web-platforms, in many organizations employees are integrated within the innovation processes and often, community discussions are organized on-line. We carry an empirical exploration by analyzing on-line, innovation-oriented, web community discussions that we have had the opportunity to co-animate throughout collaboration with a consulting firm. The innovation-oriented online discussions were launched in the context of an online community of employees to allow its members to go beyond daily discussions and further explore one trend or opportunity for the group. In this dissertation, we explore the dynamic of online collaborative concept generation at ideation stage. Therefore, we present three sets of results: firstly, we describe the general conversational dynamics of online innovation-oriented discussions, secondly contextualized community management practices, then the collaborative dynamics of concept generation. Finally, we try to establish a general framework enabling the analysis of an online innovation-oriented conversation. This research leads us to further discuss the links between open innovation platforms and the innovation organization
Salerno, Daphné. "Valeur de la relation d’affiliation, identité de réseau et comportements de l’éditeur de contenu en ligne : contribution à l’analyse des comportements des plateformes médiatiques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL12018.
Full textTraditional’s media were joined by online media which include content publishers operating as media platforms. Their relationships with advertisers are often based on a partnership contract that define their remuneration depending on predefined actions of consumers. The publisher is a value network whose editorial activity visitor-sided is more or less consistent with its advertiser-sided relationship.This research deals with several types of publishers’ behaviors in order to identify the common and specific determinants. The adoption of a progressive research process brings an initial propositions framework comprising three fundamental constructs: the value of the relationship with the advertiser, the strategic network identity of the publisher and incompatibility of activities. A qualitative research then contributes toward the research model and hypothesis. They concern the influences of dyadic factors and network’s factors on publisher’s behaviors in his basic role (contextual communication efforts, communication compliance) and behaviors that expand this role (defense of the brand, information-consumer sharing, facilitation of participative conception). The ultimate model has good indicators of quality adjustment and explanation of endogenous variables. This allows to specify the contributions to understanding publisher’s behaviors characterized as a media platform, recommendations for managing relationships with publishers and several suggestions for further research
Plantin, Jean-Christophe. "Les pratiques de cartographie numérique en ligne : expression, remédiation, circulation." Compiègne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012COMP2052.
Full textThis doctoral research aims focuses on webmapping applications, commonly called "mapping mashups". This work presents this practice by using the "reflexive modernity" framework. The rationale of this work is that online maps can be a means to remediate a fact or an event, using expression and participation properties of Web applications. This doctoral research presents the case study of the online mapping applications that were created after the March 11. 2011 Fukushima power plant explosion. The theoretical and methodological framework is constituted of notions from information & communication sciences, "sciences, technics and society" and geography. Describing this reflexivity during time of crisis will focus on the steps to create radiation data online, the shape of a public onion to tackle this issue, actions that are delegated to maps and how they circulate online
Badouard, Romain. "Les"technologies politiques" du Web : une étude des plateformes participatives de la Commission Européenne et de leurs publics." Compiègne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012COMP2027.
Full textThis Phd dissertation questions the development of e-government and e-participation mechanisms at the European Level through the lens of the evolution of governance practices. We study the design, the uses, and the effects of these mechanisms in order to understand how online participative platforms are shaped by political strategies, and also shape communication dynamics. In the very specific context of the European Union "democratic deficit", we focus on the models of political mediation that are put in practice on the Internet : can we witness the emergence of European publics online ? Are these mechanisms a place for transnational collective actions ? Do they succeed in empowering "lay" citizens or civil society Organizations ? To answer these questions, this communication study calls upon political science and science and technology studies in order to figure out what is at stake behind this "participative trend" at the European level
Larmuseau, Charlotte. "Learning Analytics pour la compréhension des processus d'apprentissage dans les environnements d'apprentissage en ligne." Thesis, Lille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LILUI082.
Full textThe current learning landscape is evolving in terms of what is learned and the context in which learning takes place. This can largely be related to the continuously changing requirements of today’s labor market. Additionally, the availability of information technology has changed the traditional educational boundaries of time, space, and informational access. From an instructional design perspective, the combination of both phenomena poses a great challenge for researchers and instructional designers to implement instruction that meets the requirements of the current learning landscape (Ng, 2015). A research-based instructional design model that has proven to be effective in promoting complex learning is the four-component instructional design model (4C/ID-model; van Merriënboer et al., 2002). Nonetheless, offering an online learning environment based on a research-based instructional design model is not necessarily a guarantee for its effectiveness. As the learner is an active agent in the online learning process, the effectiveness of learning environments largely depends on student cognitive and motivational-affective characteristics. In order to investigate characteristics that can influence the effectiveness of a 4C/ID-based online course and how effectiveness can be facilitated, the current research project was divided into respectively research track 1 and 2. On the basis of three studies, research track 1 examined the influence of students’ cognitive and motivational-affective characteristics. More particularly, Study 1 and 2 investigated the influence of students’ technology acceptance and students’ perceptions of instructional quality. Additionally, study 3 investigated the influence of students’ prior knowledge and motivational characteristics. Findings of study 1 and 2, reveal the importance of students’ technology acceptance and perceived instructional quality on respectively the quantity and quality of use and students’ learning outcomes. Additionally, findings of study 3 indicate that (1) students’ prior knowledge and task value can influence differences in use and that (2) students’ prior knowledge and differences in use positively influences students’ learning outcomes. As a result, research track 1 indicates that individual differences can influence the effectiveness of a 4C/ID-based online course. Nonetheless, former research indicates that the influence of individual differences can be reduced by aligning the learning environment with students’ learning needs. In order to align the online course with students’ learning needs, we should be able to detect learning process during online complex learning. Consequently, research track 2 explored in two studies whether physiological measures such as skin response measures (Study 4 and 5) and cardiovascular measures (Study 5) can be used to assess cognitive load during the online problem-solving process. Findings of study 4 reveal that changes in cognitive load can be detected by electrodermal activity when differences in cognitive load are high. Findings of study 5 appear to indicate that cognitive overload induces stress which was assessed via skin temperature and heart rate
Chamberland, Karine. "Évaluation du programme d'intervention en nutrition «Nutriathlon en équipe (version Web)» chez des adolescents du secondaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26922.
Full textIn the past few decades, in Quebec, there are significant increases in the prevalence of at-risk-for overweight and overweight among children and adolescents. Moreover, the majority of children and adolescents do not meet daily recommendations for vegetables and fruits (VF) and dairy products (DP) consumption. Therefore, the Quebec education program has encouraged schools to develop new competencies to improve the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits. The Team Nutriathlon, a computer-assisted school-based nutrition intervention, has been created to support this initiative. This program aimed to increase the consumption and variety of VF and DP in children. The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate the impact of Team Nutriathlon, a school-based nutrition intervention, on VF and DP consumption in children, and (2) to evaluate factors that influence the success of the program among high school students. The results of the study show that during and immediately after the program, children in the intervention group consumed more servings of VF and DP compared to the control group. No effect has been shown ten weeks after the program. Students reveal that the use of technology for recording the number of servings, team work, teacher’s and family’s implication and the use of strategies were facilitating factors contributing to the success of the program. Students also revealed that the lack of attendance with the data collection outside of school hours, the user code dysfunction and the incompatibility of the Web platform with students technologic tools (tablet) were barriers for the success of the program.
Lamago, Merlin Ferdinand. "Réingénierie des fonctions des plateformes LMS par l'analyse et la modélisation des activités d'apprentissage : application à des contextes éducatifs avec fracture numérique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0589/document.
Full textThe present research aims to model learning processes on Learning ManagementSystems (LMS) in a bid to maximize users’ efficiency. We came about this idea whilethinking over the possible ways of facilitating the use of LMS for teachers and learnersin countries affected by the digital divide. Drawing from that, the following question hasbeen stated: in a given learning context, how can we insert a Learning ManagementSystem that provides users with both easy handling and optimal using conditions? Thisissue raises the problem of LMS adaptability and suggests two levels of modeling: thelearning tool on one hand and the planned context of use on the other. To address thisissue of adaptability, we adopt a two-pronged approach including the functionalanalysis of LMS tools and the reengineering of user interfaces. The first step is todevelop an approach for the analysis of teaching and learning processes on LMS. Thisentails modeling common learning situations and cross-checking them with thefeatures available in LMS solutions. This preliminary work enabled to build a formalismfor LMS analysis which is referred to as the OCGPI approach (Organize-Collaborate-Guide-Produce-Inform). The second step proposes an adaptive reengineering of LMSbased on the context of use. This is namely an embedded configurator which adaptsthe working environment according to each use and each user. This tool aims at givingbeginners the possibility of acquainting themselves quickly with the virtual platform
Garcin, Claudine. "Pratiques participatives, apprentissage et développement professionnel sur Internet : Le cas de la communauté en ligne "Moodle"." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3007/document.
Full textThe research is based on the framework of Activity Theory and the Social Learning Theory. This thesis addresses the practices of the Internet users who invest work and time in the improvement and the design of "Moodle", the platform for online education.Even if their main objective is not developing their knowledge, their activity requires creating, diffusing and acquiring certain types of knowledge and consequently developing their professional skills. Since information circulates within the virtual communities on the Internet, the selected ethnographic method considers "Moodle" activity as a situated and social activity generating learning process. It is based on both a questionnaire on the practices of the involved people (the Moodlers) and an analysis of the written traces that they produce on the social Web. The outcomes, on the one hand, show how the "Moodlers" manage their activities to learn mainly in a know-how perspective. On the other hand, it appears that the professional development depends on a collective and an interactional dynamics which is not determined by the institutional framework
Berger, Gilles. "La Ticéitude, enseignement interactif en ligne du FLE : approche didactique et méthodologique curriculaire en contexte innovant." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA1019/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to demonstrate the effective implementation of a hybrid approach for learning French as a second language with the application of “Ticéitude”, a practical new concept for language learning in the 21st Century. This concept is a process of self-progression that targets the development of autonomy in the learner and for self-motivation, while also developing an autotelic personality, which means a certain “well-being” in the process of learning and teaching. Education is evolving due to today’s fast progress in digital technologies and is changing the course of history. Also because of this fast paced progress, we are currently witnessing new innovative approaches almost everywhere around the world. These challenges imply the importance of improving the quality of learning materials that is made available to the general populace. Our model, which is called Ticéitude, is aimed towards a humanistic approach of learning in the paradigm of “apprenance”. The notion of Ticéitude is to create links in a rich and diversified network. It is based on a socio-constructivist model, which encourages collaborative learning; thus reinforcing the motivation and autonomy of learners. In this instance, the model is based on the Australian context following the different curriculum in the various states and territory of this country. A hybrid approach has been put in place to create accelerated learning, based on the process of self-progression that targets the development of autonomy in the learner and for self-motivation, while also encouraging the development of an autotelic personality. In today’s world, we live in a cognitive society of networking when one can learn whenever or wherever he/she wants. The notion of “teacher” is changing as we focus more about coaching than teaching. The platform, which we created, allows individual learning with the guidance of the coach (teacher); thus teachers becoming more like peers. Teachers provide guidance to the students, suggest new approaches and at the same time participate to the network of a “group focused social learning”. Ticéitude implies the utilisation of new technologies but with a humanistic approach; so those tools are used effectively in a sustainable environment aimed to develop French learning not only in Australia but also around the world
Cazaubiel, Arthur. "Essais sur l'économie des plateformes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAG005.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the economics of platforms through three independent chapters. The first one develops a theoretical model around exclusive sales, or flash sales. This practice, very common on the Internet, consists in offering consumers an offer to take today, with no opportunity to benefit tomorrow. The second chapter evaluates the substitutability of hotel room distribution channels in Scandinavia, particularly between the hotel’s website, Booking, and Expedia. We also analyze the decision of a hotel chain to boycott a sales channel. Finally, the third chapter analyses the implementation of a new strategy by Booking with its suppliers
Riyami, Bouchaïb. "Analyse des effets des TIC sur l’enseignement supérieur au Maroc dans un contexte de formation en collaboration avec une université française." Thesis, Lorient, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORIS497/document.
Full textThe higher education system in Morocco has long been based on traditional face-to-face training. Learners are required to attend all courses sessions throughout their training. At the present time, with the availability of online courses such as MOOC (Massive Open online courses), and the appearance of LMS (Learning management content) platforms like Moodle, several courses in particular and training in general are available free of charge online. The follow-up of distance courses could be a solution to the problem of the massification of higher education in Morocco, contribute to improving the level, improve the motivation and involvement of learners in the use of ICT4E (Information and Communication Technologies for Education). Our research aims to evaluate different hybrid learning situations (face-to-face and distance learning) for Moroccan university learners in coherence with a theoretical framework that is mainly inspired by the activity theory. To concretize our research, we carried out three experiments of hybrid training using MOOC. These experiments were carried out with some university training modules as part of higher education courses in the public and private sectors. The objective of these experiments was to evaluate the motivation, satisfaction and appropriation of this new techno-pedagogical approach and to issue recommendations to the various actors (learners, teachers, institutions) on the integration of hybrid training in higher education in Morocco
Gaona, Jorge. "Elaboración de un sistema de evaluación en línea como proceso de formación de profesores de matemáticas." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC089/document.
Full textThis research is part of the problem of integrating technology into the process of teaching and learning mathematics. Particularly, this work aims to study the impact of the participation of teachers in the design of tasks that make up an online assessment system in mathematics, specifically in this thesis are studied tasks on polynomial functions. When we speak of impact, this refers in two senses: impact on the use of resources and on the epistemic value of the resources created by teachers. From the methodological point of view, this thesis is part of a qualitative work complemented by some quantitative analyses. In order to study the impact on the use of the platform's resources, a comparison was made according to the roles of the teachers (designers and users), based on the data generated by the platform and complemented by analysis of the class register and interviews with the designer teachers. It can be concluded that there are no differences in the use of resources on a campus if there are designers and users, whereas when on a campus there are only users the participation of students on the platform is much lower. The Mathematical Workspaces (MTS) were used as a theoretical framework to characterize the epistemic value of platform tasks. After observing certain phenomena in the set of tasks of the platform, using the same theoretical framework, the usual tasks of the professors designers were characterized to finally make a comparison between the potential ETM of the platform and the suitable ETM of the professors. The platform tasks on polynomial functions, the class records of the design teachers were used as data sources to characterize the usual tasks and explanatory interviews to understand the reasons for certain teacher choices. It was concluded that certain phenomena observed in the tasks of the platforms are due to the instrumental dimension and the limitations of the software, especially those linked to graphics. However, there are other phenomena that are mainly influenced by the suitable ETM. This work also gives rise to suggestions for improvement to enrich the resources of the platform and to make the suitable ETM of the teachers evolve on the basis of a didactic accompaniment. It was concluded that certain phenomena observed in the tasks of the platforms are due to the instrumental dimension and limitations of software, especially those linked to graphics. However, there are other phenomena that are mainly influenced by the suitable ETM.This work also gives rise to suggestions for improvement to enrich the resources of the platform and to make the suitable MTE of the teachers evolve from a didactic accompaniment
Esta investigación se inscribe en la problemática de la integración de tecnología en los proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las matemáticas. Particularmente, este trabajo tiene por objetivo estudiar el impacto de la participación de profesores en el diseño de las tareas que conforman un sistema de evaluación en línea en matemáticas, específicamente en esta tesis se estudian las tareas sobre funciones polinómicas. Cuando se habla de impacto, esto se refiere en dos sentidos: impacto en la utilización de los recursos y sobre el valor epistémico de los recursos creados por los profesores.Desde el punto de vista metodológico, esta tesis se inscribe en un trabajo de tipo cualitativo complementados con algunos análisis cuantitativos.Para estudiar el impacto en la utilización de los recursos de la plataforma se hizo una comparación según los roles de los profesores (diseñadores y utilizadores) a partir de los datos generados por la plataforma et complementados con análisis del registro de clases y de entrevistas a los profesores diseñadores. Se puede concluir que no hay diferencias en la utilización de los recursos en un campus si hay diseñadores y utilizadores, en cambio, cuando en un campus hay sólo utilizadores la participación de los estudiantes en la plataforma es mucho más baja.Para caracterizar el valor epistémico de las tareas de la plataformas se utilizó como marco teórico los Espacios de Trabajo Matemático (ETM). Después de observar ciertos fenómenos en el conjunto de tareas de la plataforma, utilizando el mismo marco teórico, se caracterizaron las tareas habituales de los profesores diseñadores para finalmente hacer una comparación entre el ETM potencial de la plataforma y el ETM idóneo de los profesores. Se utilizaron como fuentes de datos las tareas de la plataforma sobre funciones polinómicas, los registros de clases de los profesores diseñadores para caracterizar alas tareas habituales y entrevistas de explicitación para comprender las razones de ciertas elecciones de los profesores.Se concluyó que ciertos fenómenos observados en las tareas de la plataformas son debido a la dimensión instrumental y las limitaciones de los programas informáticos, sobretodo los ligados a los gráficos. Sin embargo, hay otros fenómenos que son influenciados principalmente por el ETM idóneo.De este trabajo se desprenden también pistas de mejora para enriquecer los recursos de la plataforma et para hacer evolucionar el ETM idóneo de los profesores a partir de un acompañamiento didáctico
Meza, Fernandez Sandra. "Enseigner et apprendre en ligne : vers un modèle de la navigation sur des sites Web de formation universitaire." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00974481.
Full textStarkmeth, Diethild-Erdmut. "Teaching in a Synchronous Learning Management System: A Case Study of ESL Tutors and their Students." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28971/28971.pdf.
Full textThe study explored ESL tutoring sessions in the context of the Elluminate platform, a synchronous language management system (SLMS). The participants were ESL pre-service teachers from Québec who provided tutoring to small groups of secondary 1 ESL students located in Mexico. The study focused on three research questions: (1) the types of scaffolding provided by the tutors, (2) the tutors’ perceptions of teaching within this environment, and (3) the learners` perception of their learning experience. Data collection included screen capture of the online sessions and surveys. In addition to the four types of scaffolding previously identified by Pawan (2008) – linguistic, conceptual, social and cultural, a fifth type, particular to the SLMS environment – technical scaffolding, also emerged. Both tutors and ESL students were generally positive about their online experiences.
Yan, Jun. "Three Essays on Digital Platforms and Competition Policy." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TOU10011.
Full textThis thesis consists of three independent chapters and examines different antitrust issues related to gatekeeper platforms. Chapter I explores the vertical foreclosure problem in two-sided markets. In the context of Google's Accelerated Mobile Pages (AMP), Chapter 2 examines the issue of gatekeeper platforms' access to business users' data. Chapter 3 focuses on digital copyright and studies Google's behavior of using publishers' content to display short answers on search result pages. The first chapter examines how the vertical integration of a monopolistic platform, which is characterized by bilateral cross-group network externalities, impacts its incentive to engage in downstream foreclosure. I focus on an environment where the platform and downstream sellers face uncertainty over the gains from trade at the contracting stage. As the random shock is non-contractible, contracting creates friction that distorts the platform's pricing structure. By contrast, vertical integration mitigates this problem by allowing the platform to incorporate the random shock in consumer pricing. Due to the interaction between transaction friction and cross-group network externalities, I find that vertical integration could reduce the platform's incentive of foreclosure. The second chapter is joint work with Doh-Shin Jeon. We study how newspapers' adoption of AMP, a publishing format that enables instant loading of web pages in mobile browsers, changes data allocation and thereby newspapers' incentives to invest in quality journalism. The adoption of AMP allows Google to obtain consumer data from AMP articles and to combine it with other sources of consumer data to improve the targeting of the advertisements served by Google on other websites. Even if such data combination increases static efficiency, it can reduce dynamic efficiency when it lowers the ad revenue per newspaper traffic, thereby reducing the quality of journalism. Newspapers face a collective action problem as a newspaper's adoption of AMP generates negative externalities to other newspapers through search ranking and data leakage. Google can leverage its market power in search and ad intermediation to induce newspapers to adopt AMP. We provide policy remedies. The third chapter builds a theoretical model of divisible information goods to examine how a monopolistic search engine's use of snippets impacts content consumption and creation. By displaying snippets in the answer box on search result pages, the search engine unbundles the essential information and the supplemental information of articles. It, therefore, creates two opposite effects on publishers' incentive to invest in quality--the market size effect and the elasticity effect. Its impact on social welfare is ambiguous. On the one hand, the answer box improves search efficiency by providing broader access to essential information and allowing inframarginal consumers to substitute essential information for the full article. On the other hand, it could cut down website traffic, lowering publishers' advertising revenue and incentive to invest in quality. I examine the impacts of different policies that enforce the search engine to pay for the use of snippets
Aragón, Pablo. "Characterizing online participation in civic technologies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668042.
Full textEsta tesis constituye una de las primeras investigaciones en caracterizar la participación online en tecnologías cívicas, un tipo de plataforma cada vez más popular en Internet que permite a la ciudadanía nuevas formas, a una mayor escala, de participación política. Dadas las oportunidades de las tecnologías cívicas para la gobernanza democrática, cabe señalar que su diseño, al igual que el de cualquier plataforma online, no es neutral. La forma en que se presenta la información o se permite la interacción entre las usuarias puede alterar en gran medida los resultados de la participación. Por este motivo, analizamos el impacto de diferentes intervenciones en tecnologías cívicas en relación a las vistas de las conversaciones online, los criterios de ordenación en rankings de peticiones e interfaces deliberativas. Dado que estas intervenciones fueron llevadas a cabo por los propios equipos de desarrollo, los análisis han requerido desarrollar nuevos métodos computacionales y estadísticos, a la vez que se han ampliado modelos generativos de hilos de discusión para caracterizar mejor la dinámica de las conversaciones online. Los resultados de los diferentes estudios de caso destacan el impacto social y político de estas intervenciones, sugiriendo nuevas líneas de investigación en el futuro y la necesidad de desarrollar un paradigma de experimentación ciudadana para la democracia.
Aquesta tesi és una de les primeres investigacions que té per objecte la caracterització de la participació en línia en tecnologies cíviques, un tipus de plataforma cada vegada més popular a Internet que permet a la ciutadania noves formes, a major escala, de participació política. Donades les oportunitats de les tecnologies cíviques per a la governança democràtica, cal assenyalar que el seu disseny, com el de qualsevol plataforma en línia, no és neutral. La forma en què com es presenta la informació o es permet la interacció entre les usuàries pot alterar en gran mesura els resultats de la participació. Per aquest motiu, analitzem l'impacte de diferents intervencions en tecnologies cíviques en relació amb les vistes de conversa en línia, els criteris d'ordenació en rànquings de peticions i amb interfícies deliberatives. Atès que aquestes intervencions van ser dutes a terme pels propis equips de desenvolupament, les anàlisis han requerit desenvolupar nous mètodes computacionals i estadístics, alhora que s'han ampliat models generatius de fils de discussió per caracteritzar millor la dinàmica de les converses en línia. Els resultats dels diferents estudis de cas destaquen l'impacte social i polític d'aquestes intervencions, suggerint noves línies d'investigació en el futur i la necessitat de desenvolupar un paradigma d'experimentació ciutadana per a la democràcia.
Cette thèse constitue l'une des premières recherches sur la caractérisation de la participation en ligne à des technologies civiques, un type de plateforme de plus en plus populaire sur Internet qui permet aux citoyens de nouvelles formes, à plus grande échelle, de participation politique. Compte tenu des opportunités offertes par les technologies civiques dans la gouvernance démocratique, il convient de noter que leur design, comme celui de toute plateforme en ligne, n'est pas neutre. La façon dont l'information est présentée ou l'interaction entre les utilisateurs est permise peut grandement modifier les résultats de la participation. Pour cette raison, nous analysons l'impact de différentes interventions dans le domaine des technologies civiques par rapport à l’agencementaux des conversations en ligne, aux critères d'ordre de classement des pétitions et aux interfaces délibératives. Comme ces interventions ont été réalisées par les équipes de développement correspondantes, les analyses ont nécessité de développer nouvelles méthodes informatiques et statistiques, tout en élargissant les modèles génératifs de fils de discussion afin de mieux caractériser la dynamique des conversations en ligne. Les résultats des différentes études de cas mettent en évidence l'impact social et politique de ces interventions, suggérant de nouveaux axes de recherches futures et la nécessité de développer un paradigme d'expérimentation citoyenne pour la démocratie.
Hua, Fei. "Adaptation et apprentissage sur des réseaux et des graphiques multitâches." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4037.
Full textMultitask learning has received considerable attention in signal processing and machine learning communities. It aims at simultaneously learning several related tasks other than the traditional single-task problems. There also have witnessed a wide spectrum of data processing problems that are network- or graph-structured and require adaptation ability to streaming data and time-varying dynamics. Distributed adaptive learning strategies over networks enable a collection of interconnected agents to accomplish a certain task, such as parameter estimation, collaboratively through local computation and cooperation among neighboring agents. Further, they endow the agents with continuous adaptation and learning ability to track possible drifts in the underlying model. Despite the heterogeneous nature and the fact that each agent may solve a different task in multitask network, it could still benefit from a collaboration between agents to improve the estimation accuracy by leveraging the relations and capitalizing on inductive transfer between them. The objective of this thesis is to devise and analyze multitask adaptive learning strategies over networks and graphs. First, we consider multitask estimation problems where each agent is interested in estimating its own parameter vector and where the parameter vectors at neighboring agents are related linearly according to a set of constraints. Based on the penalty method, an unconstrained optimization problem is reformulated and a distributed algorithm is derived. The behavior of the algorithm in the mean and in the mean-square-error sense is analyzed. Next, we relax the local constraints assumption and consider the multitask problem with non-local constraints. We devise the distributed algorithm by employing a multi-hop relay protocol across the agents. We prove that the algorithm will continue to converge and provide theoretical performance analysis. In the third part, we extend the distributed learning strategies to the emerging graph signal processing applications where the signal itself is network-structured. Several graph diffusion LMS strategies are proposed to cope with streaming graph signals. We also extend the multitask model to graph filters and propose an on-line clustering mechanism. Last, we consider the problem of modeling graph signals by using a combination of multiple graph filters. An efficient algorithm is proposed to simultaneously learn coefficients of multiple graph filters and perform model selection. Simulation and numerical results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of all proposed algorithms and validate the theoretical analyses
Tarrit, Claude René. "Étude d’un Dispositif Pédagogique Instrumenté Complexe et de ses propriétés : une approche épistémique et méthodologique, le cas d’une université brésilienne." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL12015/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we are working to solve an enigma by implementing a “research in action”: how has complex instrumented educational dispositif – CIED – become complex instrumented educational service – CIES ? And more specifically: what are the ingredients that have participated in the effectiveness of the coupling of a university and a learning management system and how can we study the modes of emergence and existence in a meso organizational and decisional register and at the mesosystem class ?This enigma is solved by mobilizing the CIED as a boundary object and epistemological and methodological tools such as: the dispositive approach, the ecological / systemic approach and activity theory. The analysis involves achieving a holistic reading of history. This methodological approach highlights the propensity of a dispositif to generate objects defined as related objects. The exploration of the properties of these related objects shows that it is possible to define a historical continuum and undo the discontinuities of the activity inherent in the computer traces
Jedrkiewicz-Owczarek, Floriane. "La formation hybride : entre conception et usage." Thesis, Paris 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA01E012.
Full textThe concept of hybrid training, combining activities in presence and distance, most often supported by a digital platform, before 2020 was a niche solution, little recognized. It was forcibly democratized with the covid-19 pandemic, even forcing the emergence of a new form of hybridization where the two modalities merge. The first definition of hybrid training appeared in 1995, written by Didier Valdès in his thesis for Paris 2 Panthéon Assas. He pointed out a certain number of criteria essential to the design of such training. However, the historiography concerning the study of these, from a erspective of definition, evaluation and design, was quickly turned upside down by the emergence of web 2.0. The design criteria adopted became more and more numerous and technical, the authors interviewing only a part of the actors (teachers or students), without a global vision and without taking into account their real activity. This approach, not integrating the activity of their operators, leads to complex hybrid training courses to be followed both for students and teachers, who may even be resistant to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). ) employees, or even to training in general. We are therefore looking to observe a hybrid training taking into account the activity of the operators, in order to deduce design tracks more in line with it. We employ an ethnocentric methodology, based on the theoretical framework of the activity, with an associated method - in particular the notions of prescribed and real. We thus seek to go beyond the usual dichotomies with machine / without machine, and presence / distance. We refer particularly to the activity theory developed by Yrjö Engeström, and to the instrumental theory of Pierre Rabardel. We observe a hybrid module of initiation to information and Pix certification within a university course More specifically, we have retained for the analysis a chapter of the course comprising a 1h30 face-to-face session and work to be done remotely. All the data available over this observation period is used, i.e. a heterogeneous set including open observations in class, video recordings, interviews carried out with users and designers, questionnaire for students, collection of emails from the teacher, data generated through the IT platform, and presence on student workspaces and exchanges such as Facebook and Google Drive. These data are combined in quantitative and qualitative ways, and analyzed through the production of detailed chronologies, Engeström contradiction tables, and a revised version of Gaëtan Bourmaud's Method of Failures and Substitutions of Resources (MDSR). We highlight a clear gap between prescribed and actual training (that is to say between training designed and in situ), resulting from a design in use carried out by the actors - teachers and students. This implies paradigm shifts, particularly with regard to student autonomy, the objective of the training which disrupts the position of the teacher. This conception in use is the result of a collective work of the operators (teacher and students), practically leading to a redesign of the training according to the needs actually felt. The design of a hybrid training in accordance with this activity would thus suppose to use the distance for what it is, in order to facilitate the creation of a community of university learning
Malekian, Hajar. "La libre circulation et la protection des données à caractère personnel sur Internet." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020050.
Full textFree flow of data and personal data protection on the Internet Protection of personal data is an autonomous fundamental right within the European Union (Article 8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of European Union). Moreover, free flow of personal data and free movement of information society services in particular online platforms is essential for the development of digital single market in European Union. The balance between free movement of data and personal data protection is subject of the European legal framework. However, the main challenge still remains to strike the right balance between effective personal data protection and free flow of this data and information society services. This balance is not an easy task especially in the age of online platforms, Big Data and processing algorithms like Machine Learning and Deep Learning
Salmi, Louiza. "Pertinence des normes et standards dans les dispositifs de formation à distance." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAC036/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on standardization in the field of distance learning. Among the many proposed standards, our interest focuses on the enrichment of latest standard proposal, which is the IMS-LD standard. We would therefore introduce the standardization relevance notion which means the ability of IMS-LD prescribes learning scenarios that actually meet certain educational principles. For our research, we focused on an essential component of learning (Leontiev, 1981), it is the motivation to learn. From this thesis, we obtained three main results validated by conducting case studies: first, is an activity theories’ posteriori design based approach; It describes, from traces, the actual learning activity scenario taking into account its human factors. The second result is a taxonomy based on the speech acts theory; it allowed us to translate some motivation components as a set of speech acts observed in « Chat » discussion. The third result is a motivation descriptive model that reflects, from the traces, the perceptions and their origins. This model uses our taxonomy and is based on the adjacency pairs concept derived from conversational analysis. Finally, our conclusions explain further, our secondary results and provide opportunities for continuing our question about standards relevance
Mbatchou, Nkwetchoua Guy Merlin. "Vers un modèle d'accompagnement de l'apprentissage dans les Learning Management Systems : une approche basée sur la modélisation multi-scénarios d'un cours et la co-construction du scénario par les apprenants." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS257.pdf.
Full textThis thesis contributes to support learning in Technology Enhanced Learning environment in order to improve the learning process. In a context where we do not have profiles to adapt learning, we have opted for learner-directed learning under the constraints defined by the teacher.We developed to teachers a model to design multi-scenario course. The model inspired on the Competence-based Knowledge Space Theory to which 3 extensions are added to correct its weaknesses in a context of initial or lifelong training. The model is based on learning objectives and prerequisite relationships among them to produce multiple scenarios in a reasonable time. A survey of teachers shows a priori an acceptability of the model. We allow learner to co-construct his scenario during the learning. Co-construction results from the fact that the scenario must respect constraints defined by the teacher to avoid illogical choices that may lead to failure or even dropout. The learning process is based on the choice and change of objectives to achieve and activities to do. A survey of learners shows a priori acceptability of the model. The models are implemented as an integrable plugin in Moodle. An experiment with the teachers allowed them to detect inconsistencies and deficiencies in their courses. We observed a variety of scenarios built by the students
Venant, Rémi. "Les learning analytics pour promouvoir l'engagement et la réflexion des apprenants en situation d'apprentissage pratique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30164/document.
Full textPractical activities, used in exploratory learning, represent a major component of education: they make learners acquire not only knowledge, but also skills and attitude, and they help them bridging the gap between theories and the real world within they are applied. However, the physical laboratories hosting these activities rely on expensive infrastructures that make very difficult for institutions to cope with the high increase of the students' population. Within this context, virtual and remote laboratories (VRL) bring an affordable alternative to provide practical activities at scale. Numerous research works have come up for the last decade; they mainly focused on technological issues such as the federation of remote laboratories, their standardization, or the pooling of the resources they provide. Nevertheless, the recent literature reviews highlight the need to pay more attention to the educational facets of these innovative learning environments. With that purpose in mind, our works make use of the learners' traces collected through their practical learning sessions to sustain socio-constructivist theories, on which practical activities rely on, and thus to engage students in their learning tasks and further their reflection. Starting from the study of scientific research, we identify as a first step a set of criteria required to design practical learning systems that support social interactions between learners. We then developed Lab4CE, a web-based environment for Computer Science education. This environment relies on a cloud computing architecture to provide learners with their own virtual resources, and hides the complexity of the inherent management tasks while offering advanced educational capabilities. Indeed, Lab4CE builds on learning analytics to enable different forms of learning such as collaboration, cooperation, or peer assistance, but also to supply learners as well as teachers awareness and reflection tools that aim at promoting deep learning during and after practical activities. We carried out several experimentations in authentic and hands-on learning contexts. They stressed the fact that learners evaluate positively the usability of Lab4CE, and they significantly rely on our awareness and reflection tools. However, extra artifacts are required to increase their spontaneous engagement in social learning interactions. Moreover, theses experimentations suggested a significant correlation between, on the one hand, student's activity in the environment and the learning strategies they apply and, on the other hand, their academic performance. These first results allow us to assess that socio-constructivist theories leverage engagement and reflection within VRL. They also invite us to put our approach into practice in other learning settings, but also to extend the sources of information to deal with our behavioral analyses in depth, and thus to enhance our contributions regarding the adoption of practical learning within technological environments
Carugati, Christophe. "Competition law and economics of big data : a new competition rulebook." Thesis, Paris 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA020003.
Full textThis thesis addresses Big Data issues in competition law in three chapters. Chapter one proposes new economic tools to define the relevant market and the market power in the data-driven economy. It argues the need to reform the relevant market and the market power by considering new tools and a menu of key features relevant to the market power. Chapter two proposes new law and economics analysis for data-driven antitrust and merger practices. It considers debated topics related to the integration of privacy in the assessment of antitrust and merger practices, algorithmic collusion and pre-emptive mergers. It argues the need to integrate privacy in any data-driven antitrust and merger practices as data imply necessarily privacy and data protection issues. Finally, chapter three proposes to regulate the digital economy. It demonstrates that the economy is highly concentrated and that the markets cannot correct themselves market failures. It analyzes recommendations from the government reports (Furman et al, Crémer et al, Schallbruch et al, ACCC report, and Stigler report) and It proposes and discusses other original proposals