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Journal articles on the topic 'Plate kinematics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Jiao, Xiaodong, Jin Tao, Hao Sun, and Qinglin Sun. "Kinematic Modes Identification and Its Intelligent Control of Micro-Nano Particle Manipulated by Acoustic Signal." Mathematics 10, no. 21 (November 7, 2022): 4156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10214156.

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In this paper, the dynamics of a micro-nano particle on the micro-thin plate driven by an acoustic signal was investigated, including the particle kinematics mode, kinematics equation, and trajectory control. According to Newton’s kinematic theorem, analyzing the forces acting on the particle, the kinematic modes of the driven particle are distinguished with specific mathematical conditions, which are classified as slide, bounce, and stable modes strictly planned on a thin plate area. Based on the theory of kinematic modal analysis, the simulation results reveal the distribution rules of particle motion modes against the driving signal or plate geometry. The particle kinematics equation governing the sliding movement on the thin plate was then derived in light of the interaction between the particle and driving signal, based on which, the particle trajectory was drawn and analyzed in detail. For the purpose of controlling the particle trajectory, the control problem was designed in accordance with a linear active disturbance rejection controller (LADRC). Further, a guidance law was proposed, and the corresponding controller was designed to realize the linear trajectory following.

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2

Peace, Alexander L. "Beyond ‘crumple zones’: recent advances, applications and future directions in deformable plate tectonic modelling." Geological Magazine 158, no. 9 (July 15, 2021): 1704–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756821000534.

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AbstractThe recent proliferation of deformable plate tectonic modelling techniques has provided a new direction in the study of plate tectonics with substantial implications for our understanding of plate deformation and past kinematics. Such models account for intraplate deformation, yet are highly variable in their inputs, capabilities and applications. The aim of this commentary is to review recent contributions to this topic, and to consider future directions and major omissions. Through this review it is apparent that the current published deformable models can be subdivided into those that as an input either: (1) solely use plate motions to drive deformation, or (2) require stretching or beta factor. Deformable models are resolving some outstanding issues with plate reconstructions, but major simplifications and modelling assumptions remain. Primarily, obtaining model constraints on the spatio-temporal evolution of deformation is an outstanding problem. Deformable plate models likely work best when the kinematics of smaller plates are included. However, questions remain regarding how to define such blocks, and their kinematic histories, whilst some work suggests that inclusion of such entities is negated through quantitative restorations.

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3

Barylski, Adam, and Norbert Piotrowski. "New Kinematic Systems in Single-Sided Lapping and their Influence on Lap Wear." Applied Mechanics and Materials 831 (April 2016): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.831.14.

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Previous studies on one-sided lapping allow to state that not only parameters of lapping elements (i.e. properties of workpiece, abrasive grains and lapping plate) impact on a lapping efficiency. Influential are also kinematics and dynamics of the process. It is crucial to control an average velocity of lapping (v), a distribution of tangential acceleration (at), a nominal pressure (p), a lapping time (t) and disposal of workpiece in separator.Based on kinematics equations and the tribological models, the dimensionless distribution of the material removal volume and the trajectories of abrasive grains cutting on the lap were numerically simulated. Obtained information about excessive wear on lapping plate was the starting point to work out non-standard, single-plate lapping systems.In this paper ideas of unconventional lapping systems were presented. After numerous simulations and careful analysis it was observed, that the most desirable system is radial lapping system. It was point out that other systems are not very different from the standard kinematic system. Generated trajectories of an abrasive grain were almost identical. What is more, effects of kinematical parameters on the trajectories, velocities and accelerations observed in radial lapping system are shown.

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4

Cronin, Vincent S. "Cycloid kinematics of relative plate motion." Geology 15, no. 11 (1987): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1987)15<1006:ckorpm>2.0.co;2.

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5

Shin, Jong Gye, Joon Tae Park, and Hyunjune Yim. "Kinematics-Based Determination of the Rolling Region in Roll Bending for Smoothly Curved Plates." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 123, no. 2 (August 1, 2000): 284–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1367338.

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This paper proposes and develops a kinematics-based, systematic approach to determine the region of a plate to be rolled, in order to fabricate smoothly curved plates. The approach includes a kinematic analysis to calculate the plate’s curvature distribution, and, in addition, a linear regression analysis to determine the initial and final locations of the roller during the roll bending process. Three artificial cases and two real cases have been studied, and the results are in good agreement with field practices. This approach will play an important role in the automation and optimization of the plate forming process.

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6

Najd, Jamal, Enrico Zappino, Erasmo Carrera, Walid Harizi, and Zoheir Aboura. "A Variable Kinematic Multifield Model for the Lamb Wave Propagation Analysis in Smart Panels." Sensors 22, no. 16 (August 17, 2022): 6168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22166168.

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The present paper assessed the use of variable kinematic two-dimensional elements in the dynamic analysis of Lamb waves propagation in an isotropic plate with piezo-patches. The multi-field finite element model used in this work was based on the Carrera Unified Formulation which offers a versatile application enabling the model to apply the desired order theory. The used variable kinematic model allowed for the kinematic model to vary in space, thereby providing the possibility to implement a classical plate model in collaboration with a refined kinematic model in selected areas where higher order kinematics are needed. The propagation of the symmetric (S0) and the antisymmetric (A0) fundamental lamb waves in an isotropic strip was considered in both mechanical and piezo-elastic plate models. The convergence of the models was discussed for different kinematics approaches, under different mesh refinement, and under different time steps. The results were compared to the exact solution proposed in the literature in order to assess and further determine the effects of the different parameters used when dynamically modeling a Lamb wave propagating in such material. It was shown that the higher order kinematic models delivered a higher accuracy of the propagating wave evaluated using the corresponding Time Of Flight (TOF). Upon using the appropriate mesh refinement of 2000 elements and sufficient time steps of 4000 steps, the error between the TOF obtained analytically and numerically using a high order kinematics was found to be less than 1% for both types of fundamental Lamb waves S0 and A0. Node-dependent kinematics models were also exploited in wave propagation to decrease the computational cost and to study their effect on the accuracy of the obtained results. The obtained results show, in both the mechanical and the piezo-electric models, that a reduction in the computational cost of up to 50% can be easily attained using such models while maintaining an error inferior to 1%.

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7

Wortmann, Ulrich G., Helmut Weissert, Hanspeter Funk, and Jürgen Hauck. "Alpine plate kinematics revisited: The Adria Problem." Tectonics 20, no. 1 (February 2001): 134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000tc900029.

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8

Alaci, S., R. D. Pentiuc, F.-C. Ciornei, F. Buium, and O. T. Rusu. "Kinematics analysis of the swash plate mechanism." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 568 (September 17, 2019): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/568/1/012017.

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9

Dang, Peng Fei, and Li Jin Fang. "Error Comparison and Analysis of Parallel and Constraint Mechanism for 3-TPS Hybrid Machine Tool." Applied Mechanics and Materials 127 (October 2011): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.127.277.

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This paper establishes position error model based on parallel robot kinematics theory, and analyses position error of the 3-TPS hybrid machine tool. Firstly, to calculate position error of the movable plate caused by the parallel mechanism links, through error model of the parallel mechanism which is established through inverse kinematics of the hybrid machine tool. Then, according to the error model of constraint mechanism established by transformation matrix method, the position error has been simulated and calculated. Finally, this paper compares the effects of both mechanisms. The analysis indicates the link error of constraint mechanism has more influence on movable plate posture than parallel mechanism, and provides help with motion error compensation and kinematic calibration.

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10

Heki, Kosuke, Shin'ichi Miyazaki, Hiroaki Takahashi, Minoru Kasahara, Fumiaki Kimata, Satoshi Miura, Nikolay F. Vasilenko, Alexei Ivashchenko, and Ki-Dok An. "The Amurian Plate motion and current plate kinematics in eastern Asia." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 104, B12 (December 10, 1999): 29147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999jb900295.

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11

Srivastava, S. P., H. Schouten, W. R. Roest, K. D. Klitgord, L. C. Kovacs, J. Verhoef, and R. Macnab. "Iberian plate kinematics: a jumping plate boundary between Eurasia and Africa." Nature 344, no. 6268 (April 1990): 756–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/344756a0.

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12

Farrar, Edward, and John M. Dixon. "Ridge subduction: kinematics and implications for the nature of mantle upwelling." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, no. 5 (May 1, 1993): 893–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e93-074.

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Ridge subduction follows the approach of an oceanic spreading centre towards a trench and subduction of the leading oceanic plate beneath the overriding plate. There are four possible kinematic scenarios: (1) welding of the trailing and overriding plates (e.g., Aluk–Antarctic Ridge beneath Antarctica); (2) slower subduction of the trailing plate (e.g., Nazca–Antarctic Ridge beneath Chile and Pacific–Izanagi Ridge beneath Japan); (3) transform motion between the trailing and overriding plates (e.g., San Andreas Transform); or (4) divergence between the overriding and trailing plates (e.g., Pacific – North America). In case 4, the divergence may be accommodated in two ways: the overriding plate may be stretched (e.g., Basin and Range Province extension, which has brought the continental margin into collinearity (and, therefore, transform motion) with the Pacific – North America relative motion); or divergence may occur at the continental margin and be manifest as a change in rate and direction of sea-floor spreading because the pair of spreading plates changes (e.g., from Pacific–Farallon to Pacific – North America), spawning a secondary spreading centre (i.e., Gorda – Juan de Fuca – Explorer ridge system) that migrates away from the overriding plate.Mantle upwelling associated with sea-floor spreading ridges is widely regarded as a passive consequence, rather than an active cause, of plate divergence. Geological and geophysical phenomena attendant to ridge–trench interaction suggest that regardless of the kinematic relations among the three plates, a thermal anomaly formerly associated with the ridge migrates beneath the overriding plate. The persistence of this thermal anomaly demonstrates that active mantle upwelling may continue for tens of millions of years after ridge subduction. Thus, regardless of whether the mantle upwelling was active or passive at its origin, it becomes active if the spreading continues for sufficient time and, thus, must contribute to the driving mechanism of plate tectonics.

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13

Kuz'min, A. O., V. V. Popov, and S. M. Stazhkov. "Hydrodynamic processes in the piston and cylinder unit of axial-piston hydraulic machines." Journal of «Almaz – Antey» Air and Space Defence Corporation, no. 4 (December 30, 2017): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.38013/2542-0542-2017-4-86-90.

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The purpose of the research was to analyze the kinematics of the piston mechanism of an axial-piston hydraulic machine with an adjustable-angle cam plate. The kinematic analysis resulted in establishing various types of relative motion of the piston in the guide bushing, writing and solving Reynolds equation with respect to velocities. A sweep method was used to construct a pressure field in the working fluid layer between the piston and the guide bushing. Pressure fields are constructed for several cases of kinematics of the piston mechanism.

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14

Lam, Wing-Kai, Winson Chiu-Chun Lee, Wei Min Lee, Christina Zong-Hao Ma, and Pui Wah Kong. "Segmented Forefoot Plate in Basketball Footwear: Does it Influence Performance and Foot Joint Kinematics and Kinetics?" Journal of Applied Biomechanics 34, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2017-0044.

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This study examined the effects of shoes’ segmented forefoot stiffness on athletic performance and ankle and metatarsophalangeal joint kinematics and kinetics in basketball movements. Seventeen university basketball players performed running vertical jumps and 5-m sprints at maximum effort with 3 basketball shoes of various forefoot plate conditions (medial plate, medial + lateral plates, and no-plate control). One-way repeated measures ANOVAs were used to examine the differences in athletic performance, joint kinematics, and joint kinetics among the 3 footwear conditions (α = .05). Results indicated that participants wearing medial + lateral plates shoes demonstrated 2.9% higher jump height than those wearing control shoes (P = .02), but there was no significant differences between medial plate and control shoes (P > .05). Medial plate shoes produced greater maximum plantar flexion velocity than the medial + lateral plates shoes (P < .05) during sprinting. There were no significant differences in sprint time. These findings implied that inserting plates spanning both the medial and lateral aspects of the forefoot could enhance jumping, but not sprinting performances. The use of a medial plate alone, although induced greater plantar flexion velocity at the metatarsophalangeal joint during sprinting, was not effective in improving jump heights or sprint times.

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15

Di Gifico, M., P. Nali, and S. Brischetto. "Refined Multilayered Plate Elements for Coupled Magneto‐Electro‐Elastic Analysis." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 5, no. 2 (February 1, 2009): 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157361109787959859.

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Finite elements for the analysis of multilayered plates subjected to magneto‐electro‐elastic fields are developed in this work. An accurate description of the various field variables has been provided by employing a variable kinematic model which is based on the Unified Formulation, UF. Displacements, magnetic and electric potential have been chosen as independent unknowns. Equivalent single layer and layer‐wise descriptions have been accounted for. Plate models with linear up to fourth‐order distribution in the thickness direction have been compared. The extension of the principle of virtual displacements to magneto‐electro‐elastic continua has been employed to derive finite elements governing equations. According to UF these equations are presented in terms of fundamental nuclei whose form is not affected by kinematic assumptions. Results show the effectiveness of the proposed elements as well as their capability, by choosing appropriate kinematics, to accurately trace the static response of laminated plates subject to magneto‐electro‐elastic fields.

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16

Eagles, Graeme, and Matthias König. "A model of plate kinematics in Gondwana breakup." Geophysical Journal International 173, no. 2 (May 2008): 703–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2008.03753.x.

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17

Viti, M., E. Mantovani, D. Babbucci, and C. Tamburelli. "Plate kinematics and geodynamics in the Central Mediterranean." Journal of Geodynamics 51, no. 2-3 (March 2011): 190–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2010.02.006.

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18

Geymonat, Giuseppe, Françoise Krasucki, and Michele Serpilli. "The Kinematics of Plate Models: A Geometrical Deduction." Journal of Elasticity 88, no. 3 (August 24, 2007): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10659-007-9133-1.

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19

Sborshchikov, I. M. "Present-day kinematics around the Indian Ocean plate." Oceanology 49, no. 1 (February 2009): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0001437009010123.

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20

Buddin, Tim S., Ian G. Stimpson, and Graham D. Williams. "North Chilean forearc tectonics and cenozoic plate kinematics." Tectonophysics 220, no. 1-4 (April 1993): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(93)90231-8.

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21

Lichtenegger, H., and H. Sünkel. "A contribution to the kinematics of plate tectonics." Bulletin Géodésique 61, no. 3 (September 1987): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02521233.

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22

Sinclair, Jonathan, Sarah J. Hobbs, Paul J. Taylor, Graham Currigan, and Andrew Greenhalgh. "The Influence of Different Force and Pressure Measuring Transducers on Lower Extremity Kinematics Measured During Running." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 30, no. 1 (February 2014): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2012-0238.

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In running analyses where both kinetic and kinematic information is recorded, participants are required to make foot contact with a force and/or pressure measuring transducer. Problems arise if participants modify their gait patterns to ensure contact with the device. There is currently a paucity of research investigating the influence of different underfoot kinetic measuring devices on 3-dimensional kinematics of running. Fifteen participants ran at 4.0 m/s in four different conditions: over a floor embedded force plate, Footscan, Matscan, and with no device. Three-dimensional angular kinematic parameters were collected using an eight camera motion analysis system. Hip, knee, and ankle joint kinematics were contrasted using repeated-measures ANOVAs. Participants also rated their subjective comfort in striking each of the three force measuring devices. Significant differences from the uninhibited condition were observed using the Footscan and Matscan in all three planes of rotation, whereas participants subjectively rated the force plate significantly more comfortable than either the Footscan/Matscan devices. The findings of the current investigation therefore suggest that the disguised floor embedded force plate offers the most natural running condition. It is recommended that analyses using devices such as the Footscan/Matscan mats overlying the laboratory surface during running should be interpreted with caution.

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23

Almashaqbeh, Sami, Bahaa Al-Sheikh, Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas, and Noor Azuan Abu Osman. "LOWER EXTREMITIES BIOMECHANICS OF REGULAR STAIR CLIMBING: SLIM VERSUS OBESE." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 27, no. 04 (August 2015): 1550036. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237215500362.

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The kinematic and kinetic differences between obese and slim people when climbing a staircase at their self-selected speed are compared. A four-step wooden stair instrumented with two force plates were used as the action platform whilst the kinematic and kinetic recordings were collected and analyzed using a six-camera and two-force plate three-dimensional motion analysis system. Ten obese adults, six males and four females, and ten lean adults, six males and four females, volunteered for the study. The results showed that the obese people are able to reduce the knee joint flexion moment when climbing stair compared to the normal slim people. In the frontal plane, no significant differences were found in the knee adduction moment. Moreover, obese individuals have identified some kinematics adaptations including slower velocity and longer stance phase, compared to slim individuals. The obese individuals might adjust their gait characteristics in response to their heavy bodies to reduce or maintain the same load on the knee joint as slim individuals.

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24

Li, Yan, and You Li Chen. "Research on the Kinematics of Line Heating Robot Based on SVM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.361.

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The paper mainly analyzed the robot kinematics of the line heating plate. In order to realize the moving of complex trajectory for the robot, a forward kinematics modeling and the simulation of inverse kinematics are carried out. Firstly, with the D-H modeling method, the line heating plate robot forward kinematics equations and the spatial geometric model of the manipulator are set up, then multi-input multi-output systems based on support vector machines algorithm is used to establish the inverse kinematics model for the robot . At last, the simulations of tracing complex trajectory with the inverse kinematics model are carried out, and the results show that the model derived by SVM can trace the trajectory very well.

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25

Madeo, Antonio, Giuseppe Zagari, Raffaele Casciaro, and Stefano de Miranda. "A Mixed 4-Node 3D Plate Element Based on Self-Equilibrated Isostatic Stresses." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 15, no. 04 (May 2015): 1450066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455414500667.

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A new mixed stress 4-node flat shell finite element, designed for the linear and nonlinear analysis of folded plate structures, is presented. The kinematics of the element is defined by 24 dofs with in- and out-of-plane displacements assumed to be quadratic, controlled by displacement and rotation parameters through an Allman like interpolation, and flexural rotations assumed to be bilinear. The assumed stress approximation, described within a local Cartesian frame aligned with the element orientation, is self-equilibrated and ruled by the minimum number of parameters. The element does not suffer from kinematical locking and rank defectiveness. Many numerical tests show the very good performance of the element.

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26

Delescluse, Matthias, and Nicolas Chamot-Rooke. "Instantaneous deformation and kinematics of the India-Australia Plate." Geophysical Journal International 168, no. 2 (February 2007): 818–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2006.03181.x.

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27

Cronin, Vincent S. "Note of clarification: Cycloid kinematics of relative plate motion." Geology 16, no. 5 (1988): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0474:noccko>2.3.co;2.

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28

Scholz, R. D., S. Hirte, M. J. Irwin, and M. Odenkirchen. "Kinematics of Galactic Globular Clusters from Schmidt-Plate Astrometry." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 164 (1995): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900109222.

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From measurements of Tautenburg Schmidt plates with the APM facility in Cambridge we obtained absolute proper motions of the Galactic globular clusters M 3 and M 92 directly with respect to large numbers of background galaxies (Scholz et al. 1993, 1994). We have extended our work to the dSphs in Draco and Ursa Minor (Scholz & Irwin 1994) and to other Galactic globular clusters using Tautenburg, Palomar and UK Schmidt plates. Combining our absolute proper motion of a cluster with its known radial velocity and distance (using common parameters of the solar motion) we derive the cluster orbit in the Galaxy (cf. Odenkirchen & Brosche 1992).

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29

Chernik, D. V., A. A. Karelina, M. M. Litvinova, and R. V. Kazancev. "Design features of skid plate kinematics of the machine." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 734 (January 29, 2020): 012085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/734/1/012085.

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30

Vissers, R. L. M., and P. Th Meijer. "Iberian plate kinematics and Alpine collision in the Pyrenees." Earth-Science Reviews 114, no. 1-2 (August 2012): 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.05.001.

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31

van den Tillaar, Roland, Ryu Nagahara, Sam Gleadhill, and Pedro Jiménez-Reyes. "Step-to-Step Kinematic Validation between an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) 3D System, a Combined Laser+IMU System and Force Plates during a 50 M Sprint in a Cohort of Sprinters." Sensors 21, no. 19 (September 30, 2021): 6560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196560.

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The purpose was to compare step-by-step kinematics measured using force plates (criterion), an IMU only and a combined laser IMU system in well-trained sprinters. Fourteen male experienced sprinters performed a 50-m sprint. Step-by-step kinematics were measured by 50 force plates and compared with an IMU-3D motion capture system and a combined laser+IMU system attached to each foot. Results showed that step kinematics (step velocity, length, contact and flight times) were different when measured with the IMU-3D system, compared with force plates, while the laser+IMU system, showed in general the same kinematics as measured with force plates without a systematic bias. Based upon the findings it can be concluded that the laser+IMU system is as accurate in measuring step-by-step kinematics as the force plate system. At the moment, the IMU-3D system is only accurate in measuring stride patterns (temporal parameters); it is not accurate enough to measure step lengths (spatial) and velocities due to the inaccuracies in step length, especially at high velocities. It is suggested that this laser+IMU system is valid and accurate, which can be used easily in training and competition to obtain step-by step kinematics and give direct feedback of this information during training and competition.

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32

Harnroongroj, Thos, Daniel Sturnick, Scott J. Ellis, Constantine Demetracopoulos, and Jonathan Deland. "The Ankle-Hindfoot Kinematics of Current Generation Total Ankle Replacement: A Cadaveric Gait Simulation." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 2473011419S0020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011419s00203.

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Category: Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: Total ankle replacement (TAR) has developed as a standard treatment option for end-stage ankle arthritis with the primary benefit of pain relief and ankle-hindfoot motion preservation. The current generation of TARs features limited bone resection and improved initial fixation of components to restore physiologic constraint and the anatomic articulation of the ankle. However, the ankle-hindfoot kinematics of current TAR designs compared to the baseline native ankle have not yet been extensively studied. Cadaveric gait simulation is a valuable tool for investigating direct effects of surgical procedures on foot and ankle biomechanics. The objective of this study was to assess whether this current generation TAR system could provide normal ankle-hindfoot kinematics as the baseline native ankle using cadaveric gait simulation. Methods: Eleven mid-tibia cadaveric specimens were secured to a static mounting fixture with a six-degree of freedom robotic platform to simulate gait in native-intact and TAR conditions. A force plate was moved relative to the stationary specimen through an inverse tibial kinematic path calculated from in vivo data while extrinsic tendons were actuated using physiologic loads (Figure 1A). Ankle-hindfoot kinematics were measured from reflective markers attached to bones via surgical pins. TAR was performed using a current generation, fixed-bearing system by a fellowship-trained foot-ankle surgeon using the manufacturer described protocol (PROPHECY Patient-specific instrumentation, Infinity, Wright Medical Technology). Ankle-hindfoot joint kinematics were measured using the same tibial kinematic inputs and muscle forces as the intact condition. Non-parametric, bias-corrected bootstrapping was used to calculate 95% confidence intervals to compare motion between intact and total ankle replacement. Results: Analyses demonstrated no significant difference in average ankle-hindfoot joint kinematics between the intact and TAR conditions (Figure 1B). The result was consistent for the ankle, subtalar, and talonavicular joints, in each plane of motion. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that the current generation of fixed-bearing TAR can recreate normal ankle-hindfoot kinematics patterns seen in normal ankles. Restoring ankle kinematics can be a significant factor in slowing down the progression of adjacent joint arthritis in the foot. However, it is still inconclusive whether ankle-hindfoot kinematics can be restored in patients with long standing ankle arthritis, and this should be addressed in future studies.

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33

Pagani, Alfonso, Stefano Valvano, and Erasmo Carrera. "Analysis of laminated composites and sandwich structures by variable-kinematic MITC9 plate elements." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 20, no. 1 (May 26, 2016): 4–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636216650988.

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In this paper, classical as well as various refined plate finite elements for the analysis of laminates and sandwich structures are discussed. The attention is particularly focussed on a new variable-kinematic plate element. According to the proposed modelling approach, the plate kinematics can vary through the thickness within the same finite element. Therefore, refined approximations and layer-wise descriptions of the primary mechanical variables can be adopted in selected portions of the structures that require a more accurate analysis. The variable-kinematic model is implemented in the framework of the Carrera unified formulation, which is a hierarchical approach allowing for the straightforward implementation of the theories of structures. In particular, Legendre-like polynomial expansions are adopted to approximate the through-the-thickness unknowns and develop equivalent single layer, layer-wise, as well as variable-kinematic theories. In this paper, the principle of virtual displacements is used to derive the governing equations of the generic plate theory and a mixed interpolation of tensorial components technique is employed to avoid locking phenomena. Various problems are addressed in order to validate and assess the proposed formulation, including multi-layer plates and sandwich structures subjected to different loadings and boundary conditions. The results are compared with those from the elasticity theory given in the literature and from layer-wise solutions. The discussion clearly underlines the enhanced capabilities of the proposed variable-kinematic mixed interpolation of tensorial component plate elements, which allows, if used properly, to obtain formally correct solutions in critical areas of the structure with a considerable reduction of the computational costs with respect to more complex, full layer-wise models. This aspect results particularly advantageous in problems where localized phenomena within complex structures play a major role.

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34

Rahmani, Arash, and Ahmad Ghanbari. "Neural Network Solutions for Forward Kinematics Analysis of 2-(6UPS) Manipulator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 624 (August 2014): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.624.424.

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In this paper, we present Kinematic analysis of a specific class of series–parallel manipulators, known as 2(6-UPS) manipulator, which composed of two modules which consist of elementary manipulators with the parallel structure of the Stewart Platform. After extracting the Kinematics Model of the hybrid manipulator, because of highly nonlinear relations between joint variables and position and orientation (location) of the end effectors in this kind of hybrid mechanism, we applied wavelet neural network with its inherent learning ability, to solve the kinematics problem. Proposed wavelet neural network (WNN) is applied to approximate the paths of mid and upper plate in different paths. Comparison the results of neural network with closed form solution (CFS) show high accurate performance of proposed WNN.

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Sturnick, Daniel, Guilherme Saito, Scott Ellis, and Constantine Demetracopoulos. "Ankle and Hindfoot Kinematics of a Next Generation Total Ankle Replacement During Simulated Gait." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 2473011418S0011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011418s00119.

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Category: Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) has developed as a viable treatment option for end-stage ankle arthritis. The primary benefit proposed with TAA is that allows for maintained motion of the ankle and hindfoot joint compared to the alternative option of an ankle arthrodesis. Consequently, recent TAA systems have focused on designs that advance kinematic function. Cadaveric gait simulation is a valuable tool for investigating the direct effects of surgical procedures and devices on foot and ankle biomechanics. The objective of this study was to assess whether a next generation TAA system permits normal ankle and hindfoot kinematics using cadaveric gait simulation. Methods: Ten mid-tibia cadaveric specimens were secured to a static mounting fixture relative a six-degree of freedom robotic platform to simulate gait in native-intact and TAA conditions. A force plate was moved relative to the stationary specimen through an inverse tibial kinematic path calculated from in vivo data while extrinsic tendons were actuated using physiologic loads (Figure 1A). Ankle and hindfoot kinematics were measured from reflective markers attached to bones via surgical pins. TAA was performed using a next generation, fixed bearing total ankle system by a fellowship trained foot and ankle surgeon using manufacturer described protocol (Cadence Total Ankle, Integra LifeSciences). Ankle and hindfoot joint kinematics were directly measured using the same kinematic inputs and muscle force as the intact condition. Non-parametric, bias-corrected bootstrapping was used to calculate 95% confidence intervals to compare motion between intact and total ankle replacement conditions. Results: Analyses revealed that no significant difference in average ankle or hindfoot joint kinematics were found between intact and TAA conditions (Figure 1B). This result was consistent in each the ankle, subtalar, and talonavicular joints, and in each plane of motion. Conclusion: This study found that normal kinematics were permitted on average by a next generation, fixed bearing TAA. This finding may indicate that improved functional outcomes following could be expected. However, increased variability and some characteristic differences in the paths of motion throughout stance were observed qualitatively. This report represents an initial analysis of preliminary data, future work will include further analyses and investigation on the influence of factors such as component position and alignment on outcomes. That said, the findings of this study are encouraging and may represent improved kinematic performance in new TAA designs.

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Zhou, Ji He, Zhan Le Gao, Yi Liu, and Li Liu. "Biomechanics Quick Response System Research of Vault Technical Training." Applied Mechanics and Materials 457-458 (October 2013): 405–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.457-458.405.

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We protocol to research and develop sport biomechanics quick response system for vault technical training, which quick analyzes vault techniques of athletes by using pressure plate on vault board to collect data of step position and strength, combined with synchronous acquisition of coxa joint kinematic parameters. This is helpful to improve the technical training effective of vault gymnast. We use a regular camera to shoot the positive side of athletes. At the same time the pressure plate is placed on vault board to collect dynamic data. Use MATLAB as a development platform, and input the video image of the athletes. The software automatically recognizes tracking coxa joint colored blocks, records the coordinates, and calculates position shift, velocity and other statistics of coxa joint accordingly. Pressure plate with built-in software BioWare can export pressure data and save it as a .txt format. Through programming, MATLAB can read kinetic data of pressure plate in .txt format, and synchronically analyze vault gymnasts movement with tracking kinematics data of coxa joint trajectory. Researching and developing this system is generated from practically overcoming the difficulty in vault training. The features of this system are to collect and analyze data with simplicity and quickness. This system is mainly comprised by normal camera equipment and pressure plate, which can provide a technical diagnose report with kinematics and kinetics parameters in one time vault exercise. For coaches and gymnasts, this report can be used as reference to provide improvement comments in vault daily training, as well as enhance effectiveness and efficiency of vault technical training.

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Gurnis, Michael, and Geoffrey F. Davies. "Mixing in numerical models of mantle convection incorporating plate kinematics." Journal of Geophysical Research 91, B6 (1986): 6375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jb091ib06p06375.

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Tavani, S. "Plate kinematics in the Cantabrian domain of the Pyrenean orogen." Solid Earth 3, no. 2 (September 3, 2012): 265–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-3-265-2012.

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Abstract. The Cantabrian domain represents the western portion of the Pyrenean orogen, in the area where the Iberian continental lithosphere was subducted toward the north underneath the transitional to oceanic lithosphere of the Bay of Biscay. There, the about 100 km of orogenic convergence have been mostly accommodated in the northern portion of the orogen (i.e. the retro wedge) developed in the Bay of Biscay abyssal plain, while only crustal-scale folding with limited internal deformation occurred in the Cantabrian southern wedge (pro-wedge). Integrated meso- and macrostructural analyses and a reappraisal of available information from the transitional area between the Pyrenean and Cantabrian domains are presented in this work, allowing to set geometric and kinematic constraints on the entire Meso-Cenozoic history of the northern portion of the Iberian Plate, including subduction initiation and evolution in the western portion of the Pyrenean orogen. The structural record of the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous deformation stage, which was associated with rifting and seafloor spreading in the Bay of Biscay, indicates a ridge perpendicular (NNE-SSW oriented) extension, with no evidence of relevant strike-slip components during rifting. A Cenozoic NNW-SSE oriented shortening stage followed, related to the limited (about 100 km) north-directed subduction of the Iberian continental lithosphere underneath the transitional to oceanic lithosphere of the Bay of Biscay. Subduction led to the formation of the poorly-developed Cantabrian pro-wedge, which is laterally juxtaposed to the well-developed Pyrenean pro-wedge to the east. During this convergence stage, the structural framework in the Cantabrian pro-wedge, and particularly along its transition with the Pyrenean wedge to the east, was severely complicated by the reactivation of Paleozoic and Mesozoic inherited structures. Data presented in this work fully support the development of the Cantabrian Mountains as related to indentation and consequent thickening of the Bay of Biscay transitional lower crust during north-directed subduction of Iberian continental lithosphere. In essence, the Cantabrian pro-wedge is a lithospheric south-verging fault-propagation anticline developing above the subduction plane. The structural record in the area indicates that a lithospheric fault-propagation folding stage was predated, during the very early stages of orogenic shortening, by the development of a lithospheric-scale open syncline overlying the nucleation point of lithosphere sinking. Such a syncline is today partially preserved and represents one of the few natural examples of subduction initiation.

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Cerpa, Nestor G., Benjamin Guillaume, and Joseph Martinod. "The interplay between overriding plate kinematics, slab dip and tectonics." Geophysical Journal International 215, no. 3 (September 5, 2018): 1789–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggy365.

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40

Bradley, D. C. "Taconic Plate kinematics as revealed by foredeep stratigraphy, Appalachian Orogen." Tectonics 8, no. 5 (October 1989): 1037–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/tc008i005p01037.

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Cande, S. C., J. L. LaBrecque, and W. F. Haxby. "PLATE KINEMATICS OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC: CHRON C34 TO PRESENT." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 93, B11 (November 10, 1988): 13479–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jb093ib11p13479.

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42

Yoganandan, Narayan, Frank Pintar, Dennis J. Maiman, John Reinartz, Anthony Sances, Sanford J. Larson, and Joseph F. Cusick. "Kinematics of the Lumbar Spine Following Pedicle Screw Plate Fixation." Spine 18, no. 4 (March 1993): 504–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199303010-00015.

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43

Yoganandan, Narayan, Frank Pintar, Dennis J. Maiman, John Reinartz, Anthony Sances, Sanford J. Larson, and Joseph F. Cusick. "Kinematics of the Lumbar Spine Following Pedicle Screw Plate Fixation." Spine 18, no. 4 (March 1993): 504–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199318040-00015.

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Edelman, Steven H., and Vincent S. Cronin. "Comment and Reply on "Cycloid kinematics of relative plate motion"." Geology 16, no. 5 (1988): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0472:carock>2.3.co;2.

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Ashurkov, S. V., V. A. San'kov, A. I. Miroshnichenko, A. V. Lukhnev, A. P. Sorokin, M. A. Serov, and L. M. Byzov. "GPS geodetic constraints on the kinematics of the Amurian Plate." Russian Geology and Geophysics 52, no. 2 (February 2011): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rgg.2010.12.017.

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Joffe, Sam, and Zvi Garfunkel. "Plate kinematics of the circum Red Sea—a re-evaluation." Tectonophysics 141, no. 1-3 (September 1987): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(87)90171-5.

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Eagles, Graeme. "Plate kinematics of the Rocas Verdes Basin and Patagonian orocline." Gondwana Research 37 (September 2016): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2016.05.015.

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Tregoning, Paul. "Plate kinematics in the western Pacific derived from geodetic observations." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 107, B1 (January 2002): ECV 7–1—ECV 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001jb000406.

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Bezzeghoud, M., C. Adam, E. Buforn, J. F. Borges, and B. Caldeira. "Seismicity along the Azores-Gibraltar region and global plate kinematics." Journal of Seismology 18, no. 2 (January 8, 2014): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10950-013-9416-x.

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50

Matthews, Kara J., Kayla T. Maloney, Sabin Zahirovic, Simon E. Williams, Maria Seton, and R. Dietmar Müller. "Global plate boundary evolution and kinematics since the late Paleozoic." Global and Planetary Change 146 (November 2016): 226–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.10.002.

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