Relevant bibliographies by topics / PLATE BALANCER

Academic literature on the topic 'PLATE BALANCER'

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Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "PLATE BALANCER"

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Chao, Paul C. P., Cheng-Kuo Sung, and Chun-Chieh Wang. "Dynamic Analysis of the Optical Disk Drives Equipped with an Automatic Ball Balancer with Consideration of Torsional Motions." Journal of Applied Mechanics 72, no. 6 (March 24, 2005): 826–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2041659.

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This study is dedicated to evaluate the performance of an automatic ball-type balancer system (ABS) installed in optical disk drives (ODDs) with consideration of the relative torsional motion between the ODD case and the spindle-disk-ABS-turntable system, noting that the turntable is the supporting plate structure for disk, pickup, and spindle motor inside the ODD. To this end, a complete dynamic model of the ABS considering the torsional motion is established with assuming finite torsional stiffness of the damping washers, which provides suspension of the spindle-disk-ABS-turntable system to the ODD case. Considering the benchmark case of a pair of balancing balls in an ABS, the method of multiple scales is then applied to formulate a scaled model for finding all possible steady-state solutions of ball positions and analyzing corresponding stabilities. The results are used to predict the levels of residual vibration, with which the performance of the ABS can then be reevaluated. Numerical simulations are conducted to verify theoretical results. It is deduced from both analytical and numerical results that the spindle speed of an ODD could be operated above both primary translational and secondary torsional resonances in order to guarantee stabilization of the desired balanced solution for a substantial vibration reduction.
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Sheehan, Michael. "The place of the balancer in balance of power theory." Review of International Studies 15, no. 2 (April 1989): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210500112963.

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Although, as the quotations above indicate, the question of the importance of the ‘balancer’ in balance of power systems has generated strong opinions from both critics and proponents, it has never stimulated a specific study of the balancer. The picture of the balancer as it currently exists has to be obtained by abstracting descriptions of the balancer role from general writings on the balance of power. This is unfortunate for even those authors like Padelford and Lincoln who saw the balancer role as critical, failed to devote more then a few paragraphs to the topic. The aim of this paper therefore is to try to clarify the nature and function of the balancer by synthesizing the views of analysts of the role over the past three centuries to produce a paradigm of the balancer strategy.
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Plong-Ngooluam, Sayan, Nattha Jindapetch, Phairote Wounchoum, and Duangporn Sompongse. "3-D Computational Simulations of Electrostatic Potential in Partial Surfaces towards the Precision of Ion Balance Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 781 (August 2015): 308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.781.308.

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This paper reports a 3-D computational simulation of electrostatic potential uniformity which was affected by various measurement plates. The finite element analysis method has been done by COMSOL Multiphysics to model the electrostatic potential behavior. The electrostatic potential from two electrodes in the free space plane has been modeled and used as a reference result to compare with the electrostatic potential results of four various measurement plates including the standard 6"x6" charged plate and its dividing by four, nine and sixteen segments. This investigation revealed the uniformity error of the electrostatic potential from the conventional plate. The precision of ion balance analysis can be improved by the using of a partial surface, i.e. by dividing the conventional plate into smaller sizes.
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Singh, Harvinder. "Designing Laterally Loaded RC Stiffened Plates: Energy Balance Concept." ISRN Civil Engineering 2012 (November 14, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/709157.

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Plates are most widely used structural systems to build and/or enclose the space along with some other structural elements, namely, walls, columns, and so forth. in any building. Design procedure for proportioning plates has been recommended in various design codes based upon empirical relations and some factors found on basis of the results of an extensive series of tests and well-established performance record of various plate/slab systems constructed in the past. These guidelines have a number of inherent limitations in the form of assumptions, thereby, forcing the designers to proportion the plate system within the domain of these limitations. A procedure to design reinforced concrete stiffened-plates is presented using an energy-balance concept and it can be used for both a single panel as well as multipanel rectangular plate system with any value of aspect ratio, number of panels, and orthotropy. To validate the results from the proposed design procedure, these are compared with the results from well-established literature on the plate analysis and are found to be in good agreement. Working procedure is illustrated with the help of design examples.
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Lenz, M., P. Varga, D. Mischler, B. Gueorguiev, K. Klos, A. Fernandez dell’Oca, P. Regazzoni, RG Richards, and Perren. "Helical plating – a novel technique to increase stiffness in defect fractures." European Cells and Materials 42 (August 19, 2021): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22203/ecm.v042a08.

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Single-plate fixation bridging bone defects provokes nonunion and risks plate-fatigue failure due to under- dimensioned implants. Adding a helical plate to bridge the fracture increases stiffness and balances load sharing. This study compares the stiffness and plate surface strain of different constructs in a transverse contact and gap femoral shaft fracture model. Eight groups of six synthetic femora each were formed: intact femora; intact femora with lateral locking plate; contact and gap transverse shaft osteotomies each with lateral locking plate, lateral locking plate and helical locking plate, and long proximal femoral nail. Constructs underwent non-destructive quasi-static axial and torsional loading. Plate surface strain evaluation was performed under 200 N axial loading. Constructs with both lateral and helical plates demonstrated similar axial and torsional stiffness– independent of the contact or gap situations – being significantly higher compared to lateral plating (p < 0.01). Torsional stiffness of the constructs, with both lateral and helical plates in the gap situation, was significantly higher compared to this situation stabilised by a nail (p < 0.01). Plate surface strain dropped from 0.3 % in the gap situation with a lateral plate to < 0.1 % in this situation with both a lateral and a helical plate. Additional helical plating increases axial and torsional construct stiffness in synthetic bone and seems to provide well-balanced load sharing. Its use should be considered in very demanding situations for gap or defect fractures, where single-plate osteosynthesis provides inadequate stiffness for fracture healing and induces nonunion.
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Piñeirua, M., B. Thiria, and R. Godoy-Diana. "Modelling of an actuated elastic swimmer." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 829 (September 26, 2017): 731–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.570.

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We study the force production dynamics of undulating elastic plates as a model for fish-like inertial swimmers. Using a beam model coupled with Lighthill’s large-amplitude elongated-body theory, we explore different localised actuations at one extremity of the plate (heaving, pitching and a combination of both) in order to quantify the reactive and resistive contributions to the thrust. The latter has the form of a quadratic drag in large Reynolds number swimmers and has recently been pointed out as a crucial element in the thrust force balance. We validate the output of a weakly nonlinear solution to the fluid–structure model using thrust force measurements from an experiment with flexible plates subjected to the three different actuation types. The model is subsequently used in a self-propelled configuration – with a skin friction model that balances thrust to produce a constant cruising speed – to map the reactive versus resistive thrust production in a parameter space defined by the aspect ratio and the actuation frequency. We show that this balance is modified as the frequency of excitation changes and the response of the elastic plate shifts between different resonant modes, the pure heaving case being the most sensitive to the modal response with drastic changes in the reactive/resistive contribution ratio along the frequency axis. We analyse also the role of the phase lag between the heaving and pitching components in the case of combined actuation, showing in particular a non-trivial effect on the propulsive efficiency.
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Milton, John, Ryan Meyer, Max Zhvanetsky, Sarah Ridge, and Tamás Insperger. "Control at stability's edge minimizes energetic costs: expert stick balancing." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 13, no. 119 (June 2016): 20160212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0212.

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Stick balancing on the fingertip is a complex voluntary motor task that requires the stabilization of an unstable system. For seated expert stick balancers, the time delay is 0.23 s, the shortest stick that can be balanced for 240 s is 0.32 m and there is a ° dead zone for the estimation of the vertical displacement angle in the saggital plane. These observations motivate a switching-type, pendulum–cart model for balance control which uses an internal model to compensate for the time delay by predicting the sensory consequences of the stick's movements. Numerical simulations using the semi-discretization method suggest that the feedback gains are tuned near the edge of stability. For these choices of the feedback gains, the cost function which takes into account the position of the fingertip and the corrective forces is minimized. Thus, expert stick balancers optimize control with a combination of quick manoeuvrability and minimum energy expenditures.
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Chen, Baoliang, Peng Liu, Feiyun Xiao, Zhengshi Liu, and Yong Wang. "Review of the Upright Balance Assessment Based on the Force Plate." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 8, 2021): 2696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052696.

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Quantitative assessment is crucial for the evaluation of human postural balance. The force plate system is the key quantitative balance assessment method. The purpose of this study is to review the important concepts in balance assessment and analyze the experimental conditions, parameter variables, and application scope based on force plate technology. As there is a wide range of balance assessment tests and a variety of commercial force plate systems to choose from, there is room for further improvement of the test details and evaluation variables of the balance assessment. The recommendations presented in this article are the foundation and key part of the postural balance assessment; these recommendations focus on the type of force plate, the subject’s foot posture, and the choice of assessment variables, which further enriches the content of posturography. In order to promote a more reasonable balance assessment method based on force plates, further methodological research and a stronger consensus are still needed.
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Juhász, Zoltán, and András Szekrényes. "Estimation of Local Delamination Buckling in Orthotropic Composite Plates Using Kirchhoff Plate Finite Elements." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/749607.

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We analyse the buckling process of composite plates with through-the-width delamination and straight crack front applying uniaxial compression. We are focusing on the mixed mode buckling case, where the non-uniform distribution of the in-plane forces controls the occurence of the buckling of the delaminated layers. For the analysis, semi-discrete finite elements will be derived based on the Lèvy-type method. The method of harmonic balance is used for taking into account the force distribution that is generally non uniform in-plane.
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Kai-Wei Zhao, Kai-Wei Zhao, and and Jui-Wen Pan and Jui-Wen Pan. "Efficiency balance of a light guide plate with microstructures for a see-through head-mounted display." Chinese Optics Letters 14, no. 2 (2016): 022201–22205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201614.022201.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PLATE BALANCER"

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Ryan, Mary Powers. "A place of balance." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53301.

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To create a place of repose through the balance of architectural and natural elements. Repose- peace or calm; harmony in the disposition of the parts, colors, etc. such as gives rest to the eye or ear. Balance- state of equipose as between weights different elements or opposing forces; equilibrium, steadiness, as in one’s emotional balance.
Master of Architecture
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Hoovler, Craig Alan. "Balance Performance Measurment in a Phase Shifted Feedback Environment." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/704.

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Commercial technologies for the objective assessment of balance exist in clinical settings. Training requires integration of sensory information to produce a coordinated motor response related to balance. These systems have had measurable phase delays of up to 250ms in the visual feedback provided to the patient. This provokes an unnatural response, requiring prediction from the subject. The proposed research investigates the impact of visual feedback phase delays on the performance of weight shift tracking tasks in a population of individuals with no known balance deficits.Visual feedback delays were investigated by simulating popular balance training software which utilizes force plates to measure center of pressure and display the results in a stimulus and response study. Ten healthy young-adult subjects with no known balance deficits were recruited to participate in this study. Subjects were asked to stand on a pair of force platforms that were linked to a computer. The system was designed to provide visual feedback corresponding to lateral weight shifts. A computer generated target provided a moving stimulus the subjects attempted to match. The stimulus files presented approximately 20 seconds of movement in a periodic (sinusoidal) or non-periodic pattern. Stimulus frequencies ranged between 0.2 and 1.0 Hz with amplitude sufficient to require the subject to move safely within 50% of his/her base of support. Stimulus presentation was randomized and included both normal (control) and phase delayed (experimental) trials. Results of the experiment point to a noticeable improvement of performance with repeated trials. Regardless of introduced phase delays, study participants improved their performances as they were exposed to more trials, suggesting learning and predictive behavior. Random stimuli produced no noticeable improvements in performance across days of testing, as expected. Visual biofeedback systems may skew performance assessments of balance training because they contain periodic stimuli that are predictable.
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Trantanella, Charles Joseph 1967. "A waveguide power balance theorem applied to a parallel plate waveguide with an iris." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278047.

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We study the problem of wave propagation in a parallel plate waveguide with an iris. We use Green's function techniques to model the field behavior inside the waveguide. We formulate an integral equation whose solution will allow us to solve for the fields everywhere within the guide. We solve the integral equation by employing both the method of moments and a low-frequency approximation. We next develop a power balance theorem which relates the modal coefficients of the propagating modes in an exact relation. From the numerical solution, we can generate numerical approximations to the modal coefficients. We investigate if and when our numerical approximations to the modal coefficients satisfy the power balance theorem. Finally, we derive a generalized power balance theorem for scattering by obstacles and junctions inside a waveguide of arbitrary, uniform cross-sectional area.
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Berggren, Alvin, and Kristoffer Pettersson. "Hur valid är mätning av postural kontroll med Wii Balance Board i jämförelse med en Kistler Force Plate? : How valid is it to measure postural control with Wii Balance Board in comparison to a Kistler Force Plate?" Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-61309.

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Bakgrund: Det finns funktionella tester med varierande svårighetsgrad för att utvärdera patienters balans i kliniken. Dessa tester kan dock endast visa på balansförmåga i grova drag, exempelvis om man kan ställa sig upp från en stol eller klarar att stå på ett ben utan att falla. För mer exakta metoder går det att använda sig utav en kraftplatta. Det har det tidigare undersökts huruvida en Wii Balance Board kan fungera som ett valitt substitut för en standardiserad kraftplatta då denna är lättare och mindre kostsam. Det har dock aldrig undersökts med ett testprotokoll där proprioceptionen hos deltagaren försökt påverkas. Syfte: Öka kunskapen om validiteten för Wii Balance Board i jämförelse med Kistler Force Plate vad gäller mätning av postural kontroll i stillastående med och utan nackrotation via bål och underkropp. Metod: Experimentell metod med 15 deltagare som genomförde tre olika test i stillastående, dels med nacken i neutralposition och dels roterad 45 grader genom att rotera bål och underkropp. Posturala svajet mättes med Wii Balance Board och kraftplatta samtidigt. Skillnader i resultaten uträknades och analyserades sedan med Bland-Altman plots metod och presenterades i grafer. Resultat: Generellt framkom mycket god samstämmighet mellan utrustningarna, dock påvisades anmärkningsvärt större avvikelser för tre av deltagarna. Diskussion: Tekniska problem som har påverkat experimentet har upptäckts under studiens gång och har tagits med för framtida kunskap. Även att standardisera de tester som genomfördes med mer detaljerade och strikta instruktioner för deltagaren att stå stilla är viktigt för att inte få onödigt posturalt svaj. Konklusion: Validiteten för Wii Balance Board bedömer vi som god då resultatet mellan plattorna stämde överens i hög grad. Det är dock viktigt att ta hänsyn till upptäckta avvikelser som går att undvika vid framtida upprepade försök tack vare kunskapen från denna studie.
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Wijerathna, W. M. Deeptha Bandara. "Place-Based versus Place-Neutral Policies for Promoting Regionally Balanced Economic Growth: A Sri Lankan Case using CGE based Simulations." Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367156.

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Development thinking has evolved over the time, and the role of space in economic growth and regional equity in economic development has become increasingly emphasized. While some reports, such as World Bank (2009), suggest resolution of the spatial problem by redistributing a part of the income generated in urbanized and agglomerated areas, some other reports and authors such as Barca (2012) have highlighted the importance of place-based policies for this purpose. The post 2015 development agenda of the United Nations also highlights the issue of regional equity. According to the literature on the economics of conflict, regional disparities in economic development can be one of the root causes for many conflicts -- while these conflicts can in turn contribute to further widening of those disparities. Sri Lanka is not an exception in this regard. Although regionally balanced economic growth is accepted as contributing to a cure for both problems, thus far rigorous quantitative studies analysing appropriate policy measures for reducing regional disparities whilst maintaining steady economic growth at the national level are lacking. Selection and implementation of an appropriate analytical tool to carry out such an analysis is another gap in the literature.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Jo, Sungho 1974. "Hierarchical neural control of human postural balance and bipedal walking in sagittal plane." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37854.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2006.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-192).
The cerebrocerebellar system has been known to be a central part in human motion control and execution. However, engineering descriptions of the system, especially in relation to lower body motion, have been very limited. This thesis proposes an integrated hierarchical neural model of sagittal planar human postural balance and biped walking to 1) investigate an explicit mechanism of the cerebrocerebellar and other related neural systems, 2) explain the principles of human postural balancing and biped walking control in terms of the central nervous systems, and 3) provide a biologically inspired framework for the design of humanoid or other biomorphic robot locomotion. The modeling was designed to confirm neurophysiological plausibility and achieve practical simplicity as well. The combination of scheduled long-loop proprioceptive and force feedback represents the cerebrocerebellar system to implement postural balance strategies despite the presence of signal transmission delays and phase lags. The model demonstrates that the postural control can be substantially linear within regions of the kinematic state-space with switching driven by sensed variables.
(cont.) A improved and simplified version of the cerebrocerebellar system is combined with the spinal pattern generation to account for human nominal walking and various robustness tasks. The synergy organization of the spinal pattern generation simplifies control of joint actuation. The substantial decoupling of the various neural circuits facilitates generation of modulated behaviors. This thesis suggests that kinematic control with no explicit internal model of body dynamics may be sufficient for those lower body motion tasks and play a common role in postural balance and walking. All simulated performances are evaluated with respect to actual observations of kinematics, electromyogram, etc.
by Sungho Jo
Ph.D.
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Angelica, Schoeppner L. "Work-Life Balance Policy Change Proposal for Athens Country Public Libraries." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1541673333378484.

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Fathi, Sina [Verfasser], Jürgen [Gutachter] Stutzki, and Andreas [Gutachter] Zilges. "Development of Integrated Superconducting Balanced Mixers for THz Focal Plane Arrays / Sina Fathi ; Gutachter: Jürgen Stutzki, Andreas Zilges." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1189811332/34.

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Davidson, Bradley. "Experimental and simulation-based assessment of the human postural response to sagittal plane perturbations with localized muscle fatigue and aging." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29361.

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Falls from heights (FFH) are one of the leading causes of fatalities in skilled labor divisions such as construction, mining, agriculture/forestry, and manufacturing. Previous research has established that localized muscle fatigue (LMF) increases center of mass (COM)- and center of pressure (COP)-based measures of quiet stance. This is important because these increases have been linked to elevated risk of falls, and workers in the construction industry frequently engage in fatiguing activities while working at heights. In addition, the rate of fatality due to an occupational fall increases exponentially with age. Improved methods of fall prevention may be obtained through increased understanding of factors that have a deleterious effect on balance and postural control such as LMF and aging. An initial study was conducted to investigate the effects of LMF and aging on balance recovery from a postural perturbation without stepping. Sagittal plane postural perturbations were administered to young and older groups of participants before and after exercises to fatigue the lumbar extensors or ankle plantar flexors. Measures of balance recovery were based on the COM and COP trajectories and the maximum perturbation that could be withstood without stepping. Balance recovery measures were consistent with an LMF-induced decrement to recover from perturbations without stepping. Aging was also associated with an impaired ability to recover from the perturbations. The second study in the series investigated the effects of aging and LMF on the neural control of upright stance during small postural perturbations. Small magnitude postural perturbations were administered to young and older groups before and after fatiguing exercises. A single degree of freedom (DOF) model of the human body was developed that accurately simulated the experimentally collected kinematics during recovery from the perturbations. The model was controlled by invariant feedback gains that operated on the time-delayed kinematics. Feedback gains and time-delay were optimized for each participant, and a novel delay margin analysis was performed to assess system robustness toward instability. Results indicated that older individuals had a longer "effective" time-delay and exhibited greater reliance on afferent velocity information. No changes in feedback controller gains, time-delay, or delay margins were found with LMF in either age group. The final study investigated the use of a nonlinear controller to simulate responses to large magnitude postural perturbations. A three DOF model of the human body was developed and controlled with the state-dependent Riccati equation (SDRE). Parameters of the SDRE were optimized to fit the experimentally recorded kinematics. Unlike other forms of nonlinear control, the SDRE provides meaningful parameters for interpretation in the system identification. The SDRE approach was successful at stabilizing the dynamical system; however, accurate results were not obtained. Reasons for these errors are discussed, and an alternative formulation to the time-delayed optimal control problem using Roesser state space equations is presented.
Ph. D.
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Lucko, Gunnar. "Means and Methods Analysis of a Cast-In-Place Balanced Cantilever Segmental Bridge: The Wilson Creek Bridge Case Study." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35904.

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Different means and methods exist in the construction industry to erect bridge superstructures. In planning and execution of the complex construction operations the effects of the chosen erection method need to be considered to achieve a safe and economical process. Failures of bridges under construction have underlined the importance of this issue.

Hence, constructability issues need to be considered from the very beginning of projects. Structural analysis mathematically models geometry, boundary conditions, and other structural details, material properties, and so-called actions and incorporates factors of safety. Aforementioned actions, i.e. loads or restraints of deformations may act only temporarily during construction, depending on the method and sequence of erection. However, these construction loads can create considerable stresses in the unfinished structure prior to completion when it still lacks additional redundancy against failure. Furthermore, time-dependent material properties such as creep, shrinkage, and relaxation play a major role, especially in segmental construction.

A case study is provided as an example of how constructability issues are dealt with in engineering practice. The Wilson Creek Bridge is a five-span cast-in-place concrete segmental bridge that was erected with Balanced Cantilever Construction. The bridge superstructure incorporated a camber to account for time-dependent deflections in final alignment.

Form travelers were used in an alternating manner about the bridge piers to construct cantilever arms that were finally connected at midspan. These travelers remained in place until the box girder segments had reached sufficient strength to be post-tensioned to their predecessors. Casting cycle duration on this project was one week.
Master of Science

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Books on the topic "PLATE BALANCER"

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The Chaos balance. New York: Tor, 1997.

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The Chaos balance. New York: Tor, 1998.

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Keegan, Marcia. Pueblo people: Place, space, and balance. Santa Fe, N.M: Clear Light Publishers, 1997.

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Copeland, Grant. Acts of balance: Profits, people and place. Gabriola Island: New Society Publishers, 1999.

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Acts of balance: Profits, people and place. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers, 1999.

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Amanda, McConnell, ed. The sacred balance: Rediscovering our place in nature. Vancouver: Greystone Books, 1999.

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Suzuki, David T. The sacred balance: Rediscovering our place in nature. 3rd ed. Vancouver, BC: Greystone Books, 2007.

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Suzuki, David T. The sacred balance: Rediscovering our place in nature. Vancouver: Greystone Books, 1997.

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Amanda, McConnell, ed. The sacred balance: Rediscovering our place in nature. Amherst, N.Y: Prometheus Books, 1998.

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Amanda, McConnell, and Mason Adrienne, eds. The sacred balance: Rediscovering our place in nature. Crows Nest, N.S.W: Allen & Unwin, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "PLATE BALANCER"

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Dugan, Ann M., Sharon P. Krone, Kelly LeCouvie, Jennifer M. Pendergast, Denise H. Kenyon-Rouvinez, and Amy M. Schuman. "Finding the Right Balance: Work and Life." In A Woman’s Place, 59–84. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230115965_4.

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Wilson, John P. "Connecting Population, Health and Place with Geospatial Tools and Data." In Energy Balance and Cancer, 3–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18408-7_1.

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Carter, Susan. "Personalising Professionalism: Balance, Risk, Chance, Change…" In Academic Identity and the Place of Stories, 97–107. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43601-8_6.

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Starkey, Guy. "Mediated Imperialism: International Journalism in the Global News Market Place." In Balance and Bias in Journalism, 115–30. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-20809-4_6.

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Ghersi, I., C. F. Castro Arenas, P. D. Borsoi, and M. T. Miralles. "Force Plate Calibration and Setup for Assessments of Human Balance." In VII Latin American Congress on Biomedical Engineering CLAIB 2016, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia, October 26th -28th, 2016, 197–200. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4086-3_50.

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Montesinos, Luis, Rossana Castaldo, and Leandro Pecchia. "Selection of Entropy-Measure Parameters for Force Plate-Based Human Balance Evaluation." In IFMBE Proceedings, 315–19. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-9038-7_59.

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Morgan, Jeffrey L. "Finding the Balance: A Model of Assessment for Commercial Floor-Plate Performance." In Adaptive Architecture, 77–85. New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315627113-11.

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Wu, Qian, Ming Zhang, and Daniel Yang. "Jobs-Housing Balance: The Right Ratio for the Right Place." In Recent Developments in Chinese Urban Planning, 311–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18470-8_18.

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Li, Yuan, Zeyang Qiu, Yu Zhang, Zhenyu Ding, and Ling Fan. "Static Strength Analysis of Centrifugal Compressor Balance Plate Based on Finite Element Method." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 555–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8331-1_41.

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Kaneko, Atsushi, and M. Kano. "Generalized Balanced Partitions of Two Sets of Points in the Plane." In Discrete and Computational Geometry, 176–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47738-1_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "PLATE BALANCER"

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Fan, Hongwei, Minqing Jing, Jingjuan Zhi, Heng Liu, and Wenhui Xin. "An Online Automatic Balancing System to Actively Reduce Vibration of Machine Tool Motorized Spindle." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-36242.

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Mass imbalance is one of main vibration sources for rotating machine tool spindle, which has many negative effects on spindle bearing and work-piece surface. In order to reduce these harmful effects, an online automatic balancing system is investigated in this paper. The system proposed is composed of sensor, electromagnetic ring balancer and active controller. The electromagnetic ring balancer uses an annular coil to generate the pulsing drive magnetic field and uses the counterweight plate to obtain the required correction mass. When the spindle rotates, if unbalance occurs the proposed balancer will be driven to reach the predetermined angular position under the electromagnetic field to then realize balance, the balanced position can be determined according to the measured signals and the adaptive influence coefficient method. The new single-plane self-balancing motorized spindle and DSP-based controller were developed to validate design of the proposed online active balancing system. The experimental results show that the developed balancing system is effective for vibration suppression of rigid spindle.
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Wood, Aaron J., and Kim D. Reisinger. "Application of Nonlinear Stability Analyses to Study Human Standing/Balance." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0160.

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Abstract Nonlinear dynamics analyses are utilized to explore some of the basic dynamics and stability of human standing/balance. Phase plane portraits, plots of angular velocity versus angular displacement, present kinematics of the system in a compact form and provide insight into the dynamics of the system. Poincaré maps depict the transient and steady-state motion, and provide information about the stability of the system. Five young adults with no known gait pathologies participated in this study. A motion analysis system and force plates were utilized to capture the displacements of each body segment and joint, and the shifting of body weight between feet. Participants were required to stand comfortably with one foot on each force plate. Phase plane portraits were constructed for each joint in each of the sagittal, frontal and transverse planes. Poincaré maps were constructed by identifying a shift in weight onto one foot and sampling the corresponding joint velocities at those times.
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Ogunremi, Ayodele R., and David Sumner. "Flow Around a Surface-Mounted Finite Square Prism With a Splitter Plate." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28055.

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The effect of a wake-mounted splitter plate on the flow around a surface-mounted finite-height square prism was investigated experimentally in a low-speed wind tunnel. Four square prisms of aspect ratios AR = 9, 7, 5 and 3 were tested at a Reynolds number of Re = 7.4×104. The relative thickness of the boundary layer on the ground plane was δ/D = 1.5 (where D is the side length of the prism). The splitter plates were mounted vertically from the ground plane on the wake centreline, with a negligible gap between the leading edge of the plate and rear of the prism. The splitter plate heights were always the same as the heights of prisms, while the splitter plate lengths were varied from L/D = 1 to 7. Measurements of the mean drag force were obtained with a force balance, and measurements of the vortex shedding frequency were obtained with a single-sensor hot-wire probe. Compared to previously published results for an “infinite” square prism, a splitter plate is less effective at drag reduction, but more effective at vortex shedding suppression, when used with a finite-height square prism. Significant reduction in drag was realized only for short prisms (of AR ≤ 5) when long splitter plates (of L/D ≥ 5) were used. In contrast, a splitter plate of length L/D = 3 was sufficient to suppress vortex shedding for all aspect ratios tested. Compared to previous results for finite-height circular cylinders, finite-height square prisms typically need longer splitter plates for vortex shedding suppression.
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Jung, DaeYi, and Hans DeSmidt. "Limit-Cycle Analysis of Three Dimensional Rigid Rotor/Shaft/Autobalancer System With Symmetric Bearing Support." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70724.

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In recent years, there has been much interest in the use of automatic balancing devices (ABDs) in rotating machinery. Autobalancers consist of several freely moving eccentric balancing masses mounted on the rotor, which, at certain operating speeds, act to cancel rotor imbalance. This “automatic balancing” phenomena occurs as a result of nonlinear dynamic interactions between the balancer and rotor wherein the balancer masses naturally synchronize with the rotor with appropriate phase to cancel the imbalance. However, due to inherent nonlinearity of the autobalancer, the potential for other undesirable non-synchronous limit-cycle behavior exists. In such situations, the balancer masses do not reach their desired synchronous balanced positions resulting in increased rotor vibration. Although several researchers have explored limit-cycle behavior of single-plane ABD-rotor systems, a limit-cycle analysis of a full three dimensional rigid ABD/shaft/rotor considering transverse deflection, out-plane tilting and gyroscopic effects has not been investigated. This paper considers an approximate harmonic analytical solution to describe the limit-cycle behavior in a three dimensional rigid rotor/ABD system. Essentially, the solutions presented here capture both in-plane transverse deflection and out-plane tilting motion of the system under the limit-cycle condition. Here the whirl speed of the ABD balancer masses is determined via the solution of a non-linear characteristic equation. Also, based upon the limit-cycle solutions, the limit-cycle stability is assessed via a perturbation and Floquet analysis exploring three main parameters; ABD balancer mass, ABD damping, and axial location of ABD along the shaft. The coexistence of the stable balanced synchronous condition and undesired non-synchronous limit-cycle is studied. It is found that for certain combinations of ABD parameters and rotor speeds, the non-synchronous limit-cycle can be made unstable thus guaranteeing global asymptotic stability of the synchronous balanced condition. Finally, the analysis is validated through numerical simulation. The findings in this paper yield important insights for researchers wishing to utilize automatic balancing devices in rotor/shaft systems and limit-cycle mitigation.
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Hossain, Anamul, Joanne L. Tipper, and Dongbin Wei. "Analysis of a Multi-Material Bone Plate and its Effect on Interfragmentary Strain for Bone Remodeling Processes." In ASME 2020 15th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2020-8395.

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Abstract The success of bone repair using an internal fracture fixation technique is critically dependent on the stability and biological process between the fragmented bones. However, the currently used bone plates mainly focus on stability rather than biology of healing, which subsequently (a) results in significant stress-shielding effects and (b) prevents stress from transferring from the bone plate to the bone during the healing process. This study proposes a novel design of a bone plate for the fixation of long fractured bones, which can mitigate these disadvantages to strike a balance between stability and biology. The new multi-material design adopts stainless steel (SS316L) and magnesium alloy (AZ31B) of three thicknesses such as SS316L (1mm)-AZ31B (2mm), SS316L (1.5mm)-AZ31B (1.5mm), and SS316L (2mm)-AZ31B (1mm). The mechanical properties (bending stiffness and moment) of the bone plates were evaluated according to the ASTM: F382-17 standard. Static corrosion tests were conducted in Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) at 37.5 °C. Compared with those of the original (non-corroded) bone plates, the maximum load-carrying capacities of the corroded bone plates decreased from 670 N to 495 N, 891 N to 518 N, and 928 N to 709 N in the case of SS316L (1mm)-AZ31B (2mm), SS316L (1.5mm)-AZ31B (1.5mm), and SS316L (2mm)-AZ31B(1mm), respectively. Digital image correlation was utilized to evaluate the inter-fragmentary strain (IFS) in the physical model of fractured bone plates. The IFS increased from 0.526 to 0.815, 0.484 to 0.784, and 0.455 to 0.533 in the case of SS316L (1mm)-AZ31B (2mm), SS316L (1.5mm)-AZ31B (1.5mm), and SS316L (2mm)-AZ31B (1mm), respectively, when a load of 200 N was applied. An optimized design of the bone plate of SS316L and AZ31B for granulation tissue formation based on Perren’s theory and IFS was successfully proposed.
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Mummolo, Carlotta, William Z. Peng, and Joo H. Kim. "Whole-Body Balancing Criteria for Biped Robots in Sagittal Plane." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98036.

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Abstract In this work, the role of swing limb dynamics in the stabilization of legged systems is investigated. To quantify the contribution of arm swing during whole-body balancing, the balancing capability of a bipedal robotic platform is evaluated computationally during single and double foot contact for two configurations: arms fixed and arms free to move. The balancing capability with each arm configuration is evaluated by constructing its corresponding balance stability boundary, a threshold between balanced and falling states that includes all possible center of mass (COM) states that are balanced with respect to the specified arm and foot contact configuration. In this analysis, the bipedal robotic platform is modeled as a kinematic tree structure with floating-base dynamics in the sagittal plane. In addition to floating-base and joint-space dynamics, the complete COM-space dynamics of the system is established, including the formulation of the angular momentum (and its rate) of each rigid link, as well as a model of actuation dynamics based on motor characteristics. The comparison of the two balance stability regions yields both a quantitative measure of the enhancement in total balance capability and qualitative insights into the mechanism by which arm swing leads to enhanced capability. The role of arm swing angular momentum is also analyzed from the robot’s experimental gait trajectories as a potential means of benchmarking controller performance.
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Elgamil, Mohamed, Marwan El-Husseiny, and Saad Kassem. "High Performance Balanced Flow Modulating Hydraulic Control Valves." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67041.

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Inertia, strength, actuator capabilities and flow gain represent major concerns in valve design. In this paper, balanced rotary plate valves are introduced, aiming at maximizing flow gain and strength, and minimizing inertia for high valve dynamic performance. A newly developed electromagnetic actuator capable of driving the valve is presented. A valve of this type incorporates a limited angle rotating plate (rotor) inserted between two stators, such that control orifices of considerable large areas result from small input angular displacements, and thus a high flow gain is realized. The rotor is designed to be highly balanced regarding the axial pressure and flow forces. A rotor of thin sections and low inertia would consequently have enough strength to withstand the loads. The geometrical features of the rotor and the stator plates are determined such that the walls separating the various chambers undergo similar deformations with small relative location changes to keep control orifices unchanged as they are subjected to similar pressure differences. Control orifice pairs exist at both sides of the rotor plate and thus the control areas are duplicated. A proposed mechanical design for a valve size NG 6 is presented and the stresses and deformations in its main parts are determined and verified to be safe using ANSYS Mechanical software package. Computational fluid dynamics analysis of the flow pattern is performed using ANSYS/FLUENT. The analysis results show that the proposed valve design well suits building single stage valves of high flow capacity and high dynamic performance.
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van der Wijk, Volkert, Ketao Zhang, and Jian S. Dai. "Force Balance of a Spatial Metamorphic 6R Closed-Chain Linkage With Specific Kinematic Conditions." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60068.

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For deployable, reconfigurable, and metamorphic linkages force balance is an important property to bear the static and dynamic forces caused by the mass of each element, either due to gravity or due to inertia when moving. Force balance refers to ‘shaking force balance’ meaning that for all motion of the linkage, no dynamic reaction forces are exerted to its base and to the surroundings preventing base vibrations. This typically is an important feature in high-speed and high-precision robotic manipulation tasks. Force balance also refers to ‘static balancing with solely mass’. Since the center of mass of a force balanced linkage is stationary for all motion, a force balanced linkage is also statically balanced which means that the linkage is not affected by gravity and remains stationary in any pose without the need of actuators or brakes. This property is important for the design of, among others, large moving structures such as mobile platforms and deployable structures used in architecture. In this paper the force balance of a spatial metamorphic plano-spherical 6R closed linkage with plane symmetry is investigated. It is shown that because of its specific kinematic conditions — being pantograph relations in the projected plane — advantageous balance solutions can be found for each of the four reconfiguration modes. For specific geometric conditions on the link design also solutions are found where the links balance one another without the need of any countermass. It is also shown how an advantageous compromise force balance solution for multiple modes is found. For this purpose an approximate force balance solution was investigated. The results are compared with the general force balance solutions of a general spatial 6R closed linkage, which are also shown and explained. All balance solutions are illustrated to have realistic interpretations.
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Zhuohua, Zhang, Peng Shinian, and Yu Junchong. "Application of Heat Balance Integral Method in Freezing Process of Overheated Melt on Cold Structure." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30110.

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Relocation process of molten materiel in core assembled with plate-type fuel is a significant process during severe accident which determines sequences of core degradation. Recently, HBI methods used in system codes for severe accident are generally applied in freezing problems with two plates structure. Actually, there are three plates existing during freezing process and the former methods are not quite available. Different temperature profiles will be compared in this paper for choosing the best suitable profile which has the least errors compared with exact solution of freezing process. A new HBI method combining quasi-steady method and numerical method is developed in this paper which can solve freezing problems with three plates structure, and comparing results between my HBI method and numerical method, equilibrium method and experimental results indicate the applicability of my method.
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Deo, Hrishikesh V. "Compliant Plate Seals: Testing and Validation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-69356.

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Compliant Plate Seals are being developed for various turbomachinery sealing applications including gas turbines, steam turbines, aircraft engines and oil & gas compressors. These seals consist of compliant plates attached to a stator in a circumferential fashion around the rotor. The compliant plates have a slot that extends radially inwards from the seal outer diameter, and an intermediate plate extends inwards into this slot from stator. This design is capable of providing passive hydrostatic feedback forces acting on the compliant plates that balance at a small tip–clearance. Due to this self–correcting behavior, this seal is capable of providing high differential pressure capability and low leakage within a limited axial span, and non-contact operation even in the presence of large rotor transients. In this paper, we have reported leakage test results for Compliant Plate Seals and visually demonstrated robust non-contact operation for different assembly clearances and interferences, stator deflections, high frequency rotor transients, different pressure conditions and rotational speeds.
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Reports on the topic "PLATE BALANCER"

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Grauer and Chapman. L52330 Development of an Active Air Control System. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010447.

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Develop an active air control system that, when installed on a turbocharged-engine system, will reduce NOX emissions below the levels of the system alone. While the turbocharged-engine system allows the natural gas compression industry to decrease pollutant emissions via increased air flow, the physics of the system and the environments in which these systems operate restrict further advancements. A new model, the Charge Air Integrated Manifold Engine Numerical Simulation (CAIMENS). The CAIMENS model was used to: Quantify the effects of charge air imbalance between cylinders in terms of NOX production; Illustrate that an imbalance in mass air flow creates a one-to-one imbalance in corrected trapped equivalence ratio Reveal a 5% to 12% imbalance in air flow present in the candidate Cooper GMV engine which correlated to a 65% to 92% imbalance in NOX production; and Provide detailed information that led to the specification of a mass air flow (MAF) sensor coupled with an air flow balancer (AFB), comprising the Active Air Control (AAC) system. The research team proceeded by working with the ERLE team to select cylinder liners for the NGML air flow bench, and then expanded the air flow bench from one cylinder to two cylinders. The specified AAC system was installed on each of the two cylinders. The research team then conducted a series of experiments to evaluate and fine tune the AAC system. The AAC system was able to correct up to a 12.4% air imbalance. The end point of the project was an AAC system that could, with some engineering effort, be applied to field engines. Benefit: The resulting technology was an active air flow control system consisting of an AFB integrated with a MAF sensor. The AFB has characteristics analogous to that of a throttle plate used in a carbureted internal combustion engine.
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Merkulova, Yuliya. Роль системы показателей в технологии оптимизации и баланса множества данных спроса и предложения. Yuliya Merkulova, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0431.26042021.

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Article is devoted to significant problems of creation of system of the indicators for stimulation of balance of supply and demand of products. It is very important for increase of competitiveness of products. The new methodology of calculation of target function of a product and indicators of its efficiency is offered in article. The special place in article is devoted to methodology of definition of an indicator of aggregate useful effect, which includes useful effect of the producer and consumer and promotes balance of their interests. All offered indicators of efficiency of a product are interconnected with each other and only in united system possess the stimulating mechanism of balance of supply and demand. They promote increase of effectiveness of process of planning and allow to find reserves for increase of competitiveness of products.
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Ali, Ayman, Ahmed Saidi, Yusef Mehta, Christopher DeCarlo, Mohamed Elshear, Benjamin Cox, and Wade Lein. Development and validation of a balanced mix design approach for CIR mixtures using full-scale testing. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45704.

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The main goal of this study was to improve the performance of cold in-place recycling (CIR) mixtures by using a balanced mix design (BMD) approach. This study involved preparing and testing CIR mixtures in the lab at varying contents of bituminous additives and constant content of 1% ce-ment and 3% water. Eight combinations of CIR mixtures were produced for this study using two binders (emulsion and foamed asphalt), compaction efforts (30 and 70 gyrations), and curing processes (72 hours at 140°F and 50°F). Results showed that asphalt pavement analyzer, semicircular bend, and indirect tensile strength tests presented the highest correlation with the change of binder contents. The study successfully used the developed BMD for designing CIR mixtures and selecting their optimum binder contents. It then used three balanced CIR mixtures to construct full-scale pavement sections to validate the BMD approach in the field. A heavy vehicle simulator was used to apply different accelerated loadings on each section. Results showed that the CIR section with 2% binder presented the best rutting performance under truck loading and the highest rutting susceptibility under aircraft loading. Conversely, the CIR section with 3% binder presented the highest cracking resistance under both truck and aircraft loading.
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Viollaz, Mariana, Mauricio Salazar-Saenz, Luca Flabbi, Monserrat Bustelo, and Mariano Bosch. The COVID-19 Pandemic in Latin American and Caribbean countries: The Labor Supply Impact by Gender. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004490.

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We study the labor supply impact of the COVID-19 pandemic by gender in four Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries: Brazil, Chile, Dominican Republic, and Mexico. To identify the impact, we compare labor market stocks and labor market flows over four quarters for a set of balanced panel samples of comparable workers before and after the pandemic. We find that the pandemic has negatively affected the labor market status of both men and women, but that the effect is significantly stronger for women, magnifying the already large gender gaps that characterize LAC countries. The main channel through which this stronger impact is taking place is the increase in child care work affecting women with school-age children.
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Allison-Cassin, Stacy, Sean Hillier, Alan Odjig Corbiere, Deborah McGregor, and Joy Kirchner. Perspectives on Openness: Honouring Indigenous Ways of Knowing. Chair Rosa Orlandini. York University Libraries, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/10315/38038.

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York University Libraries Open Access Week 2020 panel discussion entitled, "Perspectives on Openness: Honouring Indigenous Ways of Knowing", moderated by Stacy Allison-Cassin, in conversation with Alan Ojiig Corbiere, Deborah McGregor, and Sean Hillier, that took place online on October 20, 2020. The theme for Open Access Week 2020 is Open With Purpose: Taking Action to Build Structural Equity and Inclusion. The basis of the discussion for the panel is the question, "In an era of open scholarship and research, how do we as a research community navigate and balance openness while respecting Indigenous knowledge and cultural expression?". This panel discussion offers the opportunity to encourage broader participation in conversations and actions around emerging scholarly communication issues, by centering on Indigenous approaches to open scholarship and research.
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Pember, Susan, Helen Tilley, Jack Price, and Larissa Peixoto Gomes. Supporting the Welsh Lifelong Learning System. Wales Centre for Public Policy - Cardiff University, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54454/20211216.

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To assist the Welsh Government in balancing the productivity-related objectives with the societal objectives of lifelong learning, the Wales Centre for Public Policy was asked to conduct an evidence review into lifelong learning. This review aims to inform policy discussions and support the implementation of the Tertiary Education and Research (Wales) Bill published on 1st November 2021 which renews the emphasis on lifelong learning in Wales through the establishment of the Commission for Tertiary Education and Research (CTER). The report is structured around key areas of lifelong learning: the context in which it takes place; lifelong learning in visions and strategies; rights and entitlements to lifelong learning; the need to strike the balance between targeting and universal provision; barriers to learning; balancing the economic and social objectives; the roles and responsibilities of different stakeholders and lifelong learning governance structures; effective forms of support for learning institutions; and comparing lifelong learning in Wales with other parts of the UK. The report concludes with a set of consolidated recommendations to the Welsh Government.
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Bruce and Fiore. L51629 Users Manual-Field Validation of the Low-Frequency Eddy Current Instrument-Software Listings. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), October 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010602.

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When an eddy current probe is placed near a conductive material, the alternating magnetic field from the probe causes electrical currents to flow in the material. These currents have associated with them their own magnetic field, which opposes the original magnetic field from the coil. The result is that the impedance of the probe is greatly reduced by the presence of the conducting material. If the conductor is also magnetic, as is normal steel, the situation is similar though slightly more complicated. Here, the impedance of the probe may be either increased or decreased depending on the permeability of the material and the frequency of the alternating field. Anything that affects the flow of current in the conductive material will also affect the impedance of the eddy current probe. For example, the electrical currents cannot flow through a crack but must flow around it. The alteration in the currents also changes the magnetic field produced by the currents and, consequently, the impedance of the probe. Normally, the impedance change caused by a defect is much smaller than that caused by the presence of the material in the first place, and measuring this small change requires a bridge circuit much like the balanced bridge used with strain gauges. The balanced bridge allows one to amplify the small changes in impedance caused by defects in the presence of the much larger change caused by the presence of the conductive and magnetic pipeline steel. The LFEC instrument is constructed using an� IBM-AT compatible portable computer. Inside the PAC-386 are two plug-in circuit cards that turn the PAC-386 into an eddy current instrument. The first, also commercially available, is a Spectrum DSP56000 digital signal processing card, while the second is a specially-built interface card for the eddy current probe. The PAC-386 is a standard MS-DOS machine and will operate most MS-DOS software. In the discussion below, it is assumed that the user is familiar with the MSDOS operating system.
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Morkun, Volodymyr, Sergey Semerikov, Svitlana Hryshchenko, Snizhana Zelinska, and Serhii Zelinskyi. Environmental Competence of the Future Mining Engineer in the Process of the Training. Medwell Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1523.

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A holistic solution to the problem of formation of ecological competence of the future engineer requires the definition of its content, structure, place in the system of professional competences, levels of forming and criteria of measurement the rationale for the select on and development of a technique of use of information, communication and learning technologies that promote formation of ecological competence. The study is of interest to environmental competence of future mining engineer as personal education, characterized by acquired in the process of professional preparation professionally oriented environmental knowledge (cognitive criterion), learned the ways of securing environmentally safe mining works (praxiological criterion) in the interests of sustainable development (axiological criterion) and is formed by the qualities of socially responsible environmental behavior (social-behavioral criterion) and consists of the following components: understanding and perception of ethical norms of behaviour towards other people and towards nature (the principles of bioethics); ecological literacy; possession of basic information on the ecology necessary for usage in professional activity the ability to use scientific laws and methods in evaluating the environment to participate in environmental works to cany out ecological analysis of activities in the area industrial activities to develop action plans for the reduction of the anthropogenic impact on the environment; ability to ensure environmentally balanced activities, possession of methods of rational and integrated development georesource potential of the subsoil.
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Birur, Dileep, Thomas Hertel, and Wally Tyner. Impact of Biofuel Production on World Agricultural Markets: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis. GTAP Working Paper, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp53.

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This paper introduces biofuels sectors as energy inputs into the GTAP data base and to the production and consumption structures of the GTAP-Energy model developed by Burniaux and Truong (2002), and further modified by McDougall and Golub (2008). We also incorporate Agro-ecological Zones (AEZs) for each of the land using sectors in line with Lee et al. (2005). The GTAP-E model with biofuels and AEZs offers a useful framework for analyzing the growing importance of biofuels for global changes in crop production, utilization, commodity prices, factor use, trade, land use change etc. We begin by validating the model over the 2001-2006 period. We focus on six main drivers of the biofuel boom: the hike in crude oil prices, replacement of MTBE by ethanol as a gasoline additive in the US, and subsidies for ethanol and biodiesel in the US and EU. Using this historical simulation, we calibrate the key elasticities of energy substitution between biofuels and petroleum products in each region. With these parameter settings in place, the model does a reasonably good job of predicting the share of feedstock in biofuels and related sectors in accordance with the historical evidence between 2001 and 2006 in the three major biofuel producing regions: US, EU, and Brazil. The results from the historical simulation reveal an increased production of feedstock with the replacement of acreage under other agricultural crops. As expected, the trade balance in oil sector improves for all the oil exporting regions, but it deteriorates at the aggregate for the agricultural sectors.
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Appleyard, Bruce, Jonathan Stanton, and Chris Allen. Toward a Guide for Smart Mobility Corridors: Frameworks and Tools for Measuring, Understanding, and Realizing Transportation Land Use Coordination. Mineta Transportation Institue, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1805.

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The coordination of transportation and land use (also known as “smart growth”) has been a long-standing goal for planning and engineering professionals, but to this day it remains an elusive concept to realize. Leaving us with this central question -- how can we best achieve transportation and land use coordination at the corridor level? In response, this report provides a review of literature and practice related to sustainability, livability, and equity (SLE) with a focus on corridor-level planning. Using Caltrans’ Corridor Planning Process Guide and Smart Mobility Framework as guideposts, this report also reviews various principles, performance measures, and place typology frameworks, along with current mapping and planning support tools (PSTs). The aim being to serve as a guidebook that agency staff can use for reference, synergizing planning insights from various data sources that had not previously been brought together in a practical frame. With this knowledge and understanding, a key section provides a discussion of tools and metrics and how they can be used in corridor planning. For illustration purposes, this report uses the Smart Mobility Calculator (https://smartmobilitycalculator. netlify.app/), a novel online tool designed to make key data easily available for all stakeholders to make better decisions. For more information on this tool, see https://transweb.sjsu.edu/research/1899-Smart-Growth-Equity-Framework-Tool. The Smart Mobility Calculator is unique in that it incorporates statewide datasets on urban quality and livability which are then communicated through a straightforward visualization planners can readily use. Core sections of this report cover the framework and concepts upon which the Smart Mobility Calculator is built and provides examples of its functionality and implementation capabilities. The Calculator is designed to complement policies to help a variety of agencies (MPOs, DOTs, and local land use authorities) achieve coordination and balance between transportation and land use at the corridor level.
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