Relevant bibliographies by topics / Plastic properties

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Plastic properties'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Plastic properties"

1

Glukhikh, Viktor, Pavel Buryndin, Artyem Artyemov, Andrei Savinovskih, Pavel Krivonogov, and Anna Krivonogova. "Plastics: physical-and-mechanical properties and biodegradable potential." Foods and Raw Materials 8, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2020-1-149-154.

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Introduction. Processing agricultural waste into plant biodegradable plastics is a promising way for its recycling. This work featured the main physical-and-mechanical properties of plant plastics without adhesive substances obtained from millet husk and wheat husk and wood plastic obtained from sawdust, as well as their biodegradation potential. Study objects and methods. Objects of the study were plastics without adhesives based on wood sawdust, millet husk, and wheat husk. Results and discussion. We analyzed of the physical-and-mechanical parameters of the plant plastic based on millet husk, wheat husk, as well as wood plastic based on sawdust. The analysis showed that, in general, the strength characteristics of the wood plastics were higher than those of the plastics based on millet husk, especially flexural strength. Thus, the average value of the density of the wood plastic exceeded that of the plant plastic from millet husk by 10%, hardness by 40%, compression elasticity modulus by 50%, and flexural modulus by 3.9 times. It was found that wood and plant plastics obtained from sawdust, millet husk, and wheat husk without adhesives had a high biodegradation potential. Conclusion. The plastics obtained can be used as an insulating, building, and decorative material in the steppe regions experiencing a shortage of wood and wood powder.
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Yuriz, Yasmin, Tuan Noor Hasanah Tuan Ismail, Ismail Mohamed, and Nik Normunira Mat Hassan. "CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES OF PLASTIC WASTES: POSSIBILITY OF REINFORCING MATERIAL FOR SOIL." Jurnal Teknologi 83, no. 4 (June 7, 2021): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v83.14676.

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The current statistic shows that the percentage of plastic has significantly increased in the landfill and leads to environmental issues due to its non-biodegradable characteristic. However, these challenges can be turned into opportunities by reusing and recycling such waste for civil engineering applications. Hence, the focuses of this paper are to analyze the possibility of utilizing plastic waste in the soil reinforcement field using VOSviewer software and to evaluate the chemical, thermal, physical, and mechanical properties of the plastics (plastic straw, plastic bottle, and plastic bag). The data for this study was collected from the articles published in Scopus. Nevertheless, there are very limited articles that relate soil reinforcement with the thermal, chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of plastic waste. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the properties of plastic waste, which were plastic bottles, plastic bags, and plastic straw. The properties of plastic waste have been investigated to ensure it meets the requirement for soil reinforcement technology. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated the presence of carbon and hydrogen chains in those plastics waste. The plastic straw, plastic bag, and plastic bottle were degraded at 382°C, 456°C, and 449°C, respectively. This finding indicated that all of these plastics waste were thermally stable in the tropical temperature. Moreover, the densities of the plastics waste were less than 1 g/cm3, which contributes to the lightweight material and it’s very crucial to eliminating the self-loading from the reinforcement material.
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Techawinyutham, Laongdaw, and Wiroj Techawinyutham. "Effect of Solvent Cleaning on Thermo-Mechanical and Rheological Properties of Plastic Wastes from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)." Key Engineering Materials 856 (August 2020): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.856.230.

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The plastics from municipal solid waste (MSW) were modified to improve cleanness for adding value. The stir and sonication were performed as cleaning processes. Xylene, tetrachloroethylene, chloroform, acetone and toluene were used as solvent cleaning. The most suitable cleaning process was sonication method with cleaning time of 5 min and the appropriate solvent was xylene for washing the plastic wastes for further study in terms of thermo-mechanical and rheological properties. The cleaning process was successful as evidence in thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results. The properties of new plastics, cleaned plastic wastes and plastic wastes were compared and analyzed. Tensile strength of the specimens from plastic wastes was slightly decreased; however, elongation and impact strength of cleaned plastic wastes and plastic wastes sharply dropped as compared to new plastics. Tensile modulus of cleaned plastic wastes was slightly better than that of new plastics. Thermal stability of plastic waste was slightly lower than that of new plastic. Shear storage modulus (Gʹ), shear loss modulus (Gʺ) and shear viscosity (η) of new plastics showed the maximum value; on the other hand, those properties of cleaned plastic wastes and plastic wastes were similar. The cleaning method with solvent did not destroy thermo-mechanical and rheological properties of the cleaned plastic wastes.
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Udjiana, S. Sigit, Sigit Hadiantoro, and Noor Isnaini Azkiya. "Pengaruh Jumlah Filler Kalsium Silikat dalam Pembuatan Biodegradable Plastic dari Biji Nangka." Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v6i1.242.

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Biodegradable plastic adalah plastik yang memiliki sifat ramah lingkungan karena mampu terurai oleh mikroorganisme yang ada pada tanah. Pati berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan biodegadable plastic karena dapat mudah terdegradasi dan menghasilkan senyawa yang ramah lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini sumber pati didapat dari biji nangka dengan kandungan pati sebesar 29,73%. Penambahan kalsium silikat sebagai filler bertujuan untuk memperbaiki sifat mekanik biodegadable plastic. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh filler kalsium silikat terhadap kuat tarik, presentase biodegradasi (%) dan persentase serapan air (%) dari biodegadable plastic yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, semakin banyak filler kalsium silikat maka biodegadable plastic memiliki kuat tarik yang semakin tinggi. Sedangkan kemampuan absorpsi biodegadable plastic terhadap air menurun seiring dengan semakin banyaknya jumlah kalsium silikat yang ditambahkan. Kemampuan biodegradasi plastik juga menurun seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah filler kalsium. Biodegadable plastic dengan penambahan filler kalsium silikat 6% memiliki kuat tarik antara 7,85 MPa persentase serapan air sekitar 5% dan persentase biodegradasi sekitar 7%.Biodegradable plastic is a plastic that has environmentally friendly properties because it is able to decompose by microorganisms in the soil. Starch has the potential to be used as a basic material for making biodegradable plastics because it can be easily degraded and produces environmentally friendly compounds. In this study, the source of starch was obtained from jackfruit seeds with a starch content of 29.73%. The addition of calcium silicate as a filler aims to improve the mechanical properties of biodegradable plastic. This study aims to determine the effect of calcium silicate filler on tensile strength, % biodegradation and % water absorption of the resulting biodegradable plastic. Based on the results obtained, the more calcium silicate filler the biodegradable plastic has a higher tensile strength. Meanwhile, the absorption ability of biodegradable plastic to water decreases with the increasing amount of calcium silicate added. The biodegradability of plastics also decreases with the increase in the amount of calcium filler. Biodegradable plastic with the addition of 6% calcium silicate has tensile strength between 7,85 Mpa, percent water absorption between 5% and percent biodegradation between 7%.
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Gabriel, Djoko Sihono, and Husen Nasrullah. "Optical Properties Improvement of Recycled Polypropylene with Material Value Conservation Schemes Using Virgin Plastic Blends." Materials Science Forum 1020 (February 2021): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1020.199.

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Repetitive implementation of material value conservation (MVC) in plastic packaging may lead to good quality plastic waste and high acceptance for secondary recycling. This makes the obtained recycled plastic pellets has good quality and can be used as an alternative raw material for new products. However, treatments and processing in the recycling processes can lead to the degradation of material properties and disrupt the recycled plastics life cycle to be used for new products with high specifications. Recycled plastics are certainly cheaper than virgin plastics, but they have low properties, contaminated, and are only used for low-value products. Therefore, a solution is needed for this problem. This study proposed mixing recycled and virgin plastic pellets to improve recycled plastics whose optical properties have been subjected to quality degradation. A series of tests were carried out on specimens and tested according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) method. The optical properties tested were transparency, gloss, and colour. This study revealed that optical properties had an increasing trend along with the large number of virgin plastic pellets added to the blends. The optimal composition was found in the 50:50 composition of virgin-recycled plastic pellets to the 70:30 composition of virgin-recycled plastic pellets. These findings can be useful in improving the optical properties of recycled plastics. In addition, the widespread implementation of MVC can improve the quality of plastic waste and strengthen its acceptance for secondary recycling.
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Park, Jun Kil, and Min Ook Kim. "Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Materials with Recycled Plastic: A Review." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 30, 2020): 9060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219060.

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This study summarizes existing studies on plastic recycling to determine whether ocean plastics with high pollution degrees could be used for cement-based materials. In particular, the methods to recycle plastic waste, the effects of recycled plastic on the physical and mechanical properties of cement-based materials, and their effective usage were investigated. Workability, density, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of cement-based materials with recycled plastics were reviewed and divided into recycled aggregates and fibers. Based on the previous investigation, the direction of research necessary to recycle marine plastics is suggested. As the amount of recycled plastic aggregate increased, the mechanical strength of cement-based materials decreased. The recycled plastic aggregate lowered the density and increased porosity of the cement-based material. Meanwhile, recycled plastic fibers reduced the compressive strength but improved the tensile strength; to effectively improve tensile strength, a volume content of less than 1.5% should be added to prevent balling fibers. Furthermore, an appropriate aspect ratio should be determined based on the type of plastic to be used.
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Sikora, Janusz, Łukasz Majewski, and Andrzej Puszka. "Modern Biodegradable Plastics—Processing and Properties: Part I." Materials 13, no. 8 (April 24, 2020): 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081986.

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This paper presents a characterization of a plastic extrusion process and the selected properties of three biodegradable plastic types, in comparison with LDPE (low-density polyethylene). The four plastics include: LDPE, commercial name Malen E FABS 23-D022; potato starch based plastic (TPS-P), BIOPLAST GF 106/02; corn starch based plastic (TPS-C), BioComp®BF 01HP; and a polylactic acid (polylactide) plastic (PLA), BioComp®BF 7210. Plastic films with determined geometric parameters (thickness of the foil layer and width of the flattened foil sleeve) were produced from these materials (at individually defined processing temperatures), using blown film extrusion, by applying different extrusion screw speeds. The produced plastic films were tested to determine the geometrical features, MFR (melt flow rate), blow-up ratio, draw down ratio, mass flow rate, and exit velocity. The tests were complemented by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and chemical structure analysis. It was found that the biodegradable films were extruded at higher rate and mass flow rate than LDPE; the lowest thermal stability was ascertained for the film samples extruded from TPS-C and TPS-P, and that all tested biodegradable plastics contained polyethylene.
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Ballent, A., A. Purser, P. de Jesus Mendes, S. Pando, and L. Thomsen. "Physical transport properties of marine microplastic pollution." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 12 (December 19, 2012): 18755–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-18755-2012.

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Abstract. Given the complexity of quantitative collection, knowledge of the distribution of microplastic pollution in many regions of the world ocean is patchy, both spatially and temporally, especially for the subsurface environment. However, with knowledge of typical hydrodynamic behavior of waste plastic material, models predicting the dispersal of pelagic and benthic plastics from land sources into the ocean are possible. Here we investigate three aspects of plastic distribution and transport in European waters. Firstly, we assess patterns in the distribution of plastics found in fluvial strandlines of the North Sea and how distribution may be related to flow velocities and distance from source. Second, we model transport of non-buoyant preproduction pellets in the Nazaré Canyon of Portugal using the MOHID system after assessing the density, settling velocity, critical and depositional shear stress characteristics of such waste plastics. Thirdly, we investigate the effect of surface turbulences and high pressures on a range of marine plastic debris categories (various densities, degradation states and shapes tested) in an experimental water column simulator tank and pressure laboratory. Plastics deposited on North Sea strandlines varied greatly spatially, as a function of material composition and distance from source. Model outputs indicated that such dense production pellets are likely transported up and down canyon as a function of tidal forces, with only very minor net down canyon movement. Behaviour of plastic fragments under turbulence varied greatly, with the dimensions of the material, as well as density, playing major determining roles. Pressure was shown to affect hydrodynamic behaviours of only low density foam plastics at pressures ≥ 60 bar.
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Celauro, Clara, Rosalia Teresi, Francesco Graziano, Francesco Paolo La Mantia, and Antonio Protopapa. "Preliminary Evaluation of Plasmix Compound from Plastics Packaging Waste for Reuse in Bituminous Pavements." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 19, 2021): 2258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042258.

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Finding an appropriate technical solution for reusing waste plastics is crucial for creating a circular plastic economy. Although mechanical recycling is the best option for recycling post-consumer plastics, some heterogeneous mixed plastics cannot be recycled to produce secondary material due to their very low properties. In this case, alternative routes should be considered in order to limit their disposal as much as possible. Therefore, in order to solve the environmental problems in the landfills of plastic waste recycling, and to improve the mechanical performance of bitumen for road pavement, the reuse of these post-consumer plastic wastes are preliminarily evaluated for the modification of bitumen for road use. The field of polymers used so far and widely studied concerns virgin materials, or highly homogeneous materials, in case of recycled plastics. In this work, a highly heterogeneous mixed plastic—Plasmix—from the separate collection in Italy, is used as a bitumen modifier for road construction. The research focused on the dry (into the mixture) and wet (into the binder) addition of different content of the Plasmix compound, with the aim of assessing the feasibility of the modification itself. Results of the mechanical tests carried out prove an increase in performance and that there is a potential of the addition of the Plasmix compound both for binder and mixture modifications.
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Gao, Hua, Qing Wen Wang, Hai Gang Wang, and Yong Ming Song. "Properties of Highly Filled Wood Fiber-Maleic Anhydride Grafted Thermoplastic Blends Composites." Advanced Materials Research 113-116 (June 2010): 1856–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.1856.

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In order to make high performance wood-plastic composites (WPCs) from wood-fiber and mixed plastic wastes, virgin resins were compounded to simulate mixed plastic wastes, which included polypropylene, polyethylene and/or polystyrene, then grafted with maleic anhydride (MAH) by reactive extrusion. Highly filled WPCs were prepared by extruding. Mechanical testing results showed that the mechanical properties of the composites based on grafted virgin and waste plastics both significantly enhanced. The compatibility between the different plastics in the blend system and the interfacial adhesion between wood fibers and the blends were both improved with the modification of the blends, as evidenced by SEM. For the composites based on MAH grafted plastics, the water absorption and thickness swell decreased, which is true for the composite made from both virgin and recycled plastics. This blending-grafting modification method can be considered as a feasible approach to use mixed plastic wastes in the manufacture of high performance WPCs.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Plastic properties"

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Mali, Sarvesh. "Study on plastic and mechanical properties of plastic stabilized returned plastic concretes containing supplementary cementitious materials." Thesis, Curtin University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1068.

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The growing concern for ready mix concrete industry is the disposal of returned unused concrete. In a plastic state, the concrete is a perishable product and the disposal of any unused concrete provides a set of challenges. However, little is known about the most effective parameters for recycling of returned plastic concrete without adversely affecting its properties. The present research has conducted laboratory trials to establish an optimal process for stabilizing returned plastic concretes using set-retarding admixture called “stabilizer”. Three types of cements, widely used in construction industry in Australia, are used in this research. The first is the ordinary Portland cement (OPC), while the rest are blended cements containing 25% class F fly ash and 65% slag as partial replacement of OPC.
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Branch, James. "Plastic properties of fresh high strength concrete." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/842953/.

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This thesis describes the novel test techniques that were developed to measure the parameters associated with the plastic shrinkage, and subsequent possible plastic shrinkage cracking, of high strength concrete. The parameters measured during the first 24 hours after placing were the stress- strain relationship, negative pore pressure and free shrinkage strain development. The plastic behaviour of eight high strength concrete mixes was quantified and these mixes were then tested to assess their propensity towards plastic shrinkage cracking, using restrained ring tests. A review of the parameters associated with plastic shrinkage cracking was carried out. The general view was that as the particle size in a cement matrix gets smaller, then the negative pore pressures developed are greater and hence shrinkage increases. This meant that the presence of secondary cementing materials, of very small diameter, such as microsilica, in high strength concretes would explain their apparent susceptibility to plastic shrinkage cracking. Eight high strength concrete mixes were tested in exposed and sealed conditions. It was found that when tested in sealed conditions none of the parameters measured presented itself as the sole driving force behind plastic shrinkage or plastic shrinkage cracking. Also, when cured in sealed conditions, none of the mixes tested in the restrained ring test apparatus cracked. When tested in exposed conditions, the presence of wind had little effect on the stress-strain relationship of the mixes tested. However the presence of wind seemed to cause negative pore pressures to develop earlier than in the sealed samples and increased free shrinkage by 3 to 40 times depending on the mix. The samples that exhibited the highest free shrinkage strains, in exposed conditions, were the mixes that cracked when tested in the restrained shrinkage rings. The mixes that cracked all contained microsilica and these mixes did not crack when the same mixes were tested without microsilica. Polypropylene fibres were found to reduce the cracked area of the samples that cracked. The supplementary cementing materials used in this study were ground granulated blast furnace slag, metakaolin, microsilica and pulverised fuel ash.
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Cheng, Hsiang-Nan, and Hsiang-Nan Cheng. "Diamond Turning Properties of Plastic Optical Materials." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625700.

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With sub-micrometric form accuracy and nanometer scale surface roughness, the diamond turning process provides a great solution of fast prototyping optical systems with aspheric or freeform surfaces. On the other hand, with relatively lower cost and lighter weight, optical plastics are now widely used in consumer products. To study and optimize the cutting parameters of the diamond turning process on optical plastics, a series of tests with different cutting parameters settings are conducted on seven different optical plastic materials: E48R, OKP1, OKP4, OKP4HT, PC, PMMA, and Rexolite 1422. The relationship between the surface roughness and optical plastic materials is found, and the optimized cutting parameters are recommended.
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Kang, JiJun. "Determination of elastic-plastic and visco-plastic material properties from instrumented indentation curves." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13509/.

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Instrumented indentation techniques at micro or nano-scales have become more popular for determining mechanical properties from small samples of material. These techniques can be used not only to obtain and to interpret the hardness of the material but also to provide information about the near surface mechanical properties and deformation behaviour of bulk solids and/or coating films. In particular, various approaches have been proposed to evaluate the elastic-plastic properties of power-law materials from the experimental loading-unloading curves. In order to obtain a unique set of elastic-plastic properties, many researchers have proposed to use more than one set of loading-unloading curves obtained from different indenter geometries. A combined Finite Element (FE) analysis and optimisation approach has been developed, using three types of indenters (namely, conical, Berkovich and Vickers), for determining the elastic-plastic material properties, using one set of ‘simulated’ target FE loading-unloading curves and one set of real-life experimental loading-unloading curves. The results obtained have demonstrated that excellent convergence can be achieved with the ‘simulated’ target FE loading-unloading curve, but less accurate results have been obtained with the real-life experimental loading-unloading curve. This combined technique has been extended to determine the elastic and visco-plastic material properties using only a single indentation ‘simulated’ loading-unloading curve based on a two-layer viscoplasticity model. A combined dimensional analysis and optimisation approach has also been developed and used to determine the elastic-plastic material properties from loading-unloading curves with single and dual indenters. The dimensional functions have been established based on a parametric study using FE analyses and the loading and linearised unloading portions of the indentation curves. It has been demonstrated that the elastic-plastic material properties cannot be uniquely determined by the test curves of a single indenter, but the unique or more accurate results can be obtained using the test curves from dual indenters. Since the characteristic loading-unloading responses of indenters can be approximated by the results of dimensional analysis, a simplified approach has been used to obtain the elastic-plastic mechanical properties from loading-unloading curves, using a similar optimisation procedure. It is assumed that the loading-unloading portions of the curves are empirically related to some of the material properties, which avoids the need for time consuming FE analysis in evaluating the load-deformation relationship in the optimisation process. This approach shows that issues of uniqueness may arise when using a single indenter and more accurate estimation of material properties with dual indenters can be obtained by reducing the bounds of the mechanical parameters. This thesis highlights the effects of using various indenter geometries with different face angles and tilted angles, which have not been covered previously. The elastic-plastic material parameters are estimated, for the first time, in a non-linear optimisation approach, fully integrated with FE analysis, using results from a single indentation curve. Furthermore, a linear and a power-law fitting scheme to obtain elastic-plastic material properties from loading-unloading indentation curves have been introduced based on dimensional analysis, since there are no mathematical formulas or functions that fit the unloading curve well. The optimisation techniques have been extended to cover time-dependent material properties based on a two-layer viscoplasticity model, has not been investigated before.
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CHAKRABARTI, SEKHAR KUMAR. "INELASTIC BUCKLING OF GUSSET PLATES." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184188.

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The strength and behavior of gusset plates in buckling is evaluated herein based on data from the experimental investigations conducted by other researchers and the analytical work presented herein. A set of design guidelines has been recommended through the review of the current practice. Representative single and double brace gusset plates normally adopted for connections with compressive bracing/diagonal members in braced frames and trusses, were modeled and analyzed using linear and nonlinear finite element methods to determine the buckling loads. The buckling analysis data along with the test data indicated the occurrence of inelastic buckling of the gusset plates. Current design practice and a set of formulas for determination of gusset plate thickness have been reviewed. A set of guidelines has been recommended for the design and evaluating gusset plate buckling loads.
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Konduru, Srinivasa Raju. "Biodegradable and composting plastic. Properties and environmental impacts." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.

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Packaging waste forms a big a part of municipal solid waste and has caused increasing environmental considerations, leading to a strengthening of varied rules aimed toward reducing the amounts generated. Among different materials, a good vary of oil-based polymers is presently employed in packaging applications. These are nearly all non-biodegradable, and a few are troubled to recycle or apply because of being advanced composites having variable levels of contamination. Recently, important progress has been created within the development of biodegradable plastics, for the most part from renewable natural resources, to provide biodegradable materials with similar practicality thereto of oil-based polymers. The enlargement within these bio-based materials has many potential advantages for greenhouse gas balances and different environmental impacts over whole life cycles and in the use of renewable, instead of finite resources. it's supposed that use of biodegradable materials can contribute to sustainability and reduction within the environmental impact related to disposal of oil-based polymers. The diversity of biodegradable materials and their variable properties makes it trouble to create straightforward, generic assessments like biodegradable product are all ‘good’ or petrochemical-based product are all ‘bad’. during this analysis I'm aiming to discuss the benefits of bioplastics and their substitution potential with respect to petroleum-based materials, the production of bioplastics using scratch and environmental impacts of its composting.
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Bruce, J. M. "Self-diffusion and point defect studies in plastic crystals." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382256.

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SALAMI, MOHAMMAD REZA. "CONSTITUTIVE MODELLING OF CONCRETE AND ROCKS UNDER MULTIAXIAL COMPRESSIVE LOADINGS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184202.

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Characterization of stress-deformation behavior of concrete and rocks have been a subject of active research for a long time. Linear elastic, nonlinear (piecewise) linear elastic, elastic-plastic and endochronic models have been proposed and used by various investigators and the literature on the subjects is very wide. A review of various models together with their implementation is numerical (finite element) procedures is presented in Ref. (77). The primary objective of the present study is to develop a generalized constitutive model based on the theory of plasticity. Although such a model can be used for a wide range of materials, in this dissertation its applications to plain concrete and rocks are emphasised. One of the main objectives of this dissertation is to study constitutive behavior of concrete and soapstone under multiaxial load histories by using a truly triaxial or multiaxial testing device. The truly triaxial device is capable of applying a general three-dimensional state of stress. Samples can be tested along any three dimensional stress path. Therefore, constitutive behavior of concrete and soapstone can be studied under all possible states of stress. The conventional, octahedral, proportional loading and circular stress test series are conducted using the truly triaxial cubical device. For meaningful results, samples with consistent initial properties are essential. In order to produce samples with uniform initial properties such as density, equipment and procedures are developed to standardize the sample preparation process. The test data is used to determine the material constants associated with the proposed constitutive model. The model is then verified by back-predicting the stress-strain curves obtained from the laboratory.
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Swanson, Duane A. "Determination of the thermal properties of thin polymer films /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10789.

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Luo, Li-Min. "Plastic instability and plastic flow properties and fracture of Al-2124 and Al-2124/SiC←p." Thesis, University of Reading, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295282.

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Books on the topic "Plastic properties"

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Negussey, Dawit. Properties & applications of geofoam. Washington, DC (1801 K St., NW, Suite 600 K, Washington): Society of the Plastics Industry, 1997.

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Negussey, Dawit. Properties & applications of geofoam. Washington, DC (1801 K St., NW, Suite 600 K, Washington): Society of the Plastics Industry, 1997.

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James P. Smith - undifferentiated. Proof test of the computer program BUCKY for plasticity problems. Houston, Texas: Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 1994.

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1938-, Bradt R. C., Brookes Chris A, Routbort Jules L, and International Engineering Foundation Conference on the Plastic Deformation of Ceramics (1994 : Snowbird, Utah), eds. Plastic deformation of ceramics. New York: Plenum Press, 1995.

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Swihart, Jay. Mechanical properties of PVC well screen and casing. Denver, Colo: Applied Sciences Branch, Research and Laboratory Services Division, Denver Office, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, 1989.

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Grigorʹev, A. K. Strukturoobrazovanie pri plasticheskoĭ deformat͡s︡ii metallov. Sankt-Peterburg: Izd-vo S.-Peterburgskogo universiteta, 1992.

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Chen, W. F. Soil plasticity: Theory and implementation. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985.

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Elmar, Steck, Sonderforschungsbereich 319--Stoffgesetze für das Inelastische Verhalten Metallischer Werkstoffe, Entwicklung und Technische Anwendung., and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, eds. Plasticity of metals: experiments, models, computation: Final report of the Collaborative Research Centre 319, "Stoffgesetze für das inelastische Verhalten metallischer Werkstoffe - Entwicklung und technische Anwendung" 1985 - 1996. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2001.

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Chen, Wai-Kai. Soil plasticity: Theory and implementation. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985.

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North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development. Superplasticity. Neuilly sur Seine, France: AGARD, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Plastic properties"

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Pelleg, Joshua. "Plastic Deformation." In Mechanical Properties of Materials, 147–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4342-7_3.

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Pelleg, Joshua. "Plastic Deformation." In Mechanical Properties of Semiconductors, 43–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21659-6_3.

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Kumar, Rohitashw, and Vijay P. Singh. "Plastic Film Properties." In Plasticulture Engineering and Technology, 19–38. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003273974-2.

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Messerschmidt, Ulrich. "Properties of Dislocations." In Dislocation Dynamics During Plastic Deformation, 35–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03177-9_3.

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Berins, Michael L. "Plastic Materials/Properties and Applications." In SPI Plastics Engineering Handbook of the Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc., 47–78. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7604-4_3.

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Trojanová, Zuzanka, Bernd Weidenfeller, Pavel Lukác, Werner Riehemann, and Miroslav Stank. "Anelastic Properties of Nanocrystalline Magnesium." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation, 413–19. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch7c.

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Fiedler, Thomas, and Andreas Öchsner. "Elastic-Plastic Properties: Simulation and Experiment." In Multifunctional Metallic Hollow Sphere Structures, 47–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00491-9_4.

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Graham, Robert A. "Physical Properties Under Elastic-Plastic Compression." In Solids Under High-Pressure Shock Compression, 97–138. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9278-1_5.

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Sheng, Wenjun, Zhihai Wang, and Huiming Cheng. "Characterization of Solder Mechanical Properties Based on Nanoindentation." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 303–14. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1876-4_24.

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AbstractThis article systematically elaborates on the in-situ measurement of solder using nanoindentation technology, and combines numerical inversion methods to analyze its elastic–plastic and creep mechanical properties. The elastic–plastic and creep constitutive equations of solder are constructed, and the influence of temperature on the elastic–plastic and creep characteristic of solder is studied. This provides an effective in-situ measurement and analysis method for characterizing the mechanical properties of high-density micro solder interconnection structures in radar electronic equipment.
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Zeipper, L., M. Zehetbauer, B. Mingler, E. Schafler, G. Korb, and H. P. Karnthaler. "Mechanical Properties of Severely Plastically Deformed Titanium." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation, 810–16. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch15d.

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Conference papers on the topic "Plastic properties"

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Baklanova, O. N., O. A. Knyazheva, and A. V. Lavrenov. "Plastic carbon composite rheological properties." In OIL AND GAS ENGINEERING (OGE-2018). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5051840.

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Willis, Jace A., Alexandria Trevino, Calvin Nguyen, Chandler C. Benjamin, and Vladislav V. Yakovlev. "Photodynamic therapy effects on hydrogel viscoelastic properties." In Photonics in Dermatology and Plastic Surgery 2023, edited by Bernard Choi and Haishan Zeng. SPIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2649539.

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Cantoro, M. "Direct Growth of Carbon Nanofibers on Plastic Substrates." In ELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF SYNTHETIC NANOSTRUCTURES: XVII International Winterschool/Euroconference on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1812047.

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Dawson, Nathan J., Michael Aviles, James H. Andrews, Michael Crescimanno, Joshua B. Petrus, Anthony Mazzocco, Kenneth D. Singer, Eric Baer, and Hyunmin Song. "Thermo-spectral properties of plastic lasers." In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Edward W. Taylor and David A. Cardimona. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2023788.

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Crouzet, Christian, Cody E. Dunn, and Bernard Choi. "Quantifying tissue properties and absolute hemodynamics using coherent spatial imaging." In Photonics in Dermatology and Plastic Surgery 2022, edited by Bernard Choi and Haishan Zeng. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2610549.

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Reddy, R. J., R. Asmatulu, and W. S. Khan. "Electrical Properties of Recycled Plastic Nanocomposites Produced by Injection Molding." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40259.

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Plastic recycling is a recovery process of waste plastics to make new products into different forms. Plastics are usually sorted based on their resin identification codes before the recycling and melting processes. Although the recycling rate of plastics is significantly high, properties and economical value of the recycled plastics are fairly low, which in turn limits the use of recycled plastics in the market. In the present study, high density polyethylene (HDPE) in the form of pellets was dissolved in toluene, and then nanoscale graphene inclusions at different loadings (e.g., 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4%) were added into the polymeric solutions. The remaining solvent was removed from the nanocomposite before the injection molding process. The injection molding process was conducted on the chopped recycled plastics associated with graphene loadings. The dielectric and electric properties of plastic nanocomposites were studied in detail. The test results showed that the dielectric properties were slightly improved by the addition of inclusions, which may be due to the non-polar nature of HDPE and/or residues in the recycled plastics. However, electrical conductivities of nanocomposites were significantly increased because of the improved electrical conduction, polarization and electron mobility at room temperature.
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Loch, Jr., Manfred. "Plastic optical fibers: properties and practical applications." In Optics East, edited by Benjamin B. Dingel, Werner Weiershausen, Achyut K. Dutta, and Ken-Ichi Sato. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.580451.

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Lee, Wei F., Chun-Chi Chen, Jing-Wen Chen, and Kenji Ishihara. "Engineering Properties of Non-Plastic Silty Sand." In Geo-Congress 2013. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412770.028.

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Bhat, Ananya S., K. P. Lakshmi, K. Nandan Srinivaas, S. Imran, J. Anushree, and V. Champa. "Segregation of Plastic Wastes Using Electrical Properties." In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computing and Communication Technologies (CONECCT). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/conecct57959.2023.10234729.

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Geidarov, Vusal, and Tetiana Grigorova. "Microstructure and low-temperature plastic deformation mechanisms of UFG copper." In Nanoengineering: Fabrication, Properties, Optics, and Devices XV, edited by Anne E. Sakdinawat, André-Jean Attias, Balaji Panchapakesan, and Elizabeth A. Dobisz. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2322124.

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Reports on the topic "Plastic properties"

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Hodge, S. C., and J. M. Minicucci. Cyclic material properties tests supporting elastic-plastic analysis development. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/663570.

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Saadeh, Shadi, and Pritam Katawał. Performance Testing of Hot Mix Asphalt Modified with Recycled Waste Plastic. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2045.

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Plastic pollution has become one of the major concerns in the world. Plastic waste is not biodegradable, which makes it difficult to manage waste plastic pollution. Recycling and reusing waste plastic is an effective way to manage plastic pollution. Because of the huge quantity of waste plastic released into the world, industries requiring a large amount of material, like the pavement industry, can reuse some of this mammoth volume of waste plastics. Similarly, the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has also become common practice to ensure sustainability. The use of recycled waste plastics and RAP in HMA mix can save material costs and conserve many pavement industries’ resources. To successfully modify HMA with RAP and waste plastic, the modified HMA should exhibit similar or better performance compared to conventional HMA. In this study, recycled waste plastic, linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and RAP were added to conventional HMA, separately and together. The mechanical properties of conventional and modified HMA were examined and compared. The fatigue cracking resistance was measured with the IDEAL Cracking (IDEAL CT) test, and the Hamburg Wheel Tracking (HWT) test was conducted to investigate the rutting resistance of compacted HMA samples. The IDEAL CT test results showed that the cracking resistance was similar across plastic modified HMA and conventional HMA containing virgin aggregates. However, when 20% RAP aggregates were used in the HMA mix, the fatigue cracking resistance was found to be significantly lower in plastic modified HMA compared to conventional HMA. The rutting resistance from the HWT test at 20,000 passes was found to be similar in all conventional and modified HMA.
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Zhou, Zhulin. The High-Frequency Dielectric Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic and Honeycomb Layers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada210581.

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Wiegand, Donald A., and Brett Reddingius. Strengthening and Stiffening of Plastic Bonded Explosives Under Pressure and Metal-Like Mechanical Properties. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada441083.

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Haque, Showera, Stuart Baker, Katheriine Walters, Eloisa Zepeda-Alarcon, and Jesus Castaneda. Assessment of the Imaging Properties of Plastic Scintillators at FP60R for Neutron Imaging Applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1870827.

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Mackiewicz, James F., and Gary Proulx. Effect of Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Strength Properties on the Ballistic Performance of Ceramic Composite Armor. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada415841.

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Pinkerton, Gary Wayne. Compressive strength, plastic flow properties, and surface frictional effects of 1100, 3003 and 6061 aluminum alloys. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/431169.

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Leis and Zhu. L51870 Unequal Wall-Thickness Pipeline Transition Joint Design Criterion Based on Plastic Collapse. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011182.

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The committee�s objectives for this project were: to determine the limit of wall-thickness and properties mismatch for safe serviceability when joining high strength grades with high Y/T to lower strength grades with much lower Y/T, and to develop guidelines for joint design that ensure failure is controlled by plastic-collapse in the higher-strength thinner wall line pipe.
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Gray. L51478 Ductile Fracture of Pipelines - Correlation between Fracture Velocity and Plastic Zone. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), February 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010499.

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This study examines the relationship between ductile tearing accompanying ductile crack extension and the arrest behavior of line pipe steel. Ten pipeline steels were selected to represent the spectrum of current manufacturing technology for X-70 pipe and detailed tensile properties were determined. The purpose of the study was to examine whether the extent of plastic deformation correlates with fracture velocity and/or arrest, and whether its extent can be predicted from metallurgical, geometric, and stress data. The results suggest that the total deformation accompanying fracture is not affected by work hardening rate or by the existence of fracture surface separations.
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Yee, Rena Y., and E. C. Martin. Effects of Surface Interactions and Mechanical Properties of Plastic Bonded Explosives on Explosive Sensitivity. Part 2. Model Formulation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada157900.

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