Journal articles: 'Plaster'

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Lišková, Barbora, Petr Jelínek, and Milan Ostrý. "Impact of Hydrophobic Additives on Properties of Clay Plaster." Applied Mechanics and Materials 824 (January 2016): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.824.92.

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Use of clay plasters in the exterior forces owners to conduct frequent maintenance of the plaster’s surface, which may be damaged by the weather. This paper describes partial results of the research, which strives to develop cost-efficient hydrophobic additives to increase service life of exterior clay plasters. We have chosen 7 hydrophobic materials and added them to the reference prefabricated plaster mixture. Samples of the enhanced plaster were tested to evaluate the additives’ impact on the overall mechanical, thermal and moisture characteristics of the plaster. Long-term testing of the best hydrophobic additives will follow to verify their properties in real buildings. Clay plasters play a significant role for the healthy indoor climate due to the influence on the stability of the indoor temperature and humidity.

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Poduska, Kristin M., Lior Regev, Francesco Berna, Eugenia Mintz, Ianir Milevski, Hamudi Khalaily, Steve Weiner, and Elisabetta Boaretto. "Plaster Characterization at the PPNB Site of Yiftahel (Israel) Including the Use of 14C: Implications for Plaster Production, Preservation, and Dating." Radiocarbon 54, no. 3-4 (2012): 887–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200047536.

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The Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) site of Yiftahel, Israel, contains abundant plaster floors. We surveyed the states of preservation of the plasters using an infrared spectroscopic assay that characterizes the extent of disorder of the atoms in the calcite crystal lattice. We identified the 3 best-preserved plaster samples that had disorder signatures most similar to modern plaster. We then studied the surface layers, fine-grained matrices, and large aggregates of these samples using micromorphology, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, stable carbon and radiocarbon concentrations. Even though some of the plaster components have a geogenic appearance in micromorphology slides and in FTIR spectra, the 14C analyses show that all components were exposed to high temperatures and as a result were equilibrated with the 14C content of the atmosphere ∼10,000 yr ago. This implies that the plasters at Yiftahel were produced entirely from heat-altered calcite. We also show that these plasters have undergone significant diagenesis. The plaster component with the most disordered atomic signature, and hence the most similar in this respect to modern plaster, did indeed produce a 14C date close to the expected age.

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Čáchová, Monika, Dana Koňáková, Eva Vejmelková, Pavel Reiterman, Martin Keppert, and Robert Černý. "Properties of Lime Plasters with Different Ceramic Powder Dosage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 621 (August 2014): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.621.19.

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Several lime-based plasters with fine ground brick content are studied in this article. In the first plaster the ceramics was used as lime substitute while in the second one it was dosed as replacement of the silica sand, the substitution levels being 20% and 50%. Pure lime plaster was use as a reference. Experimental methods and results of measuring basic physical properties, pore characterization, mechanical properties and liquid water transport are described. The plasters with fine ground brick were characterized by improved material’s properties in a comparison with pure lime plaster.

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Vidales Barriguete, Alejandra, Carolina Piña Ramírez, Patricia Aguilera Benito, Mercedes Del Río Merino, and Evangelina Atanes Sánchez. "Plaster added with plastic cable waste as a new traditional sustainable material." DARNIOS APLINKOS VYSTYMAS 19, no. 1 (May 6, 2022): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52320/dav.v19i1.222.

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The objective of this work is to analyze the possibilities of reusing plastic waste of cables added in a plaster matrix. Firstly, the experimental process has allowed the physicochemical characterization of the raw material, plaster and plastic waste, consisting in elemental analysis, XRD and thermogravimetric analysis; Secondly, the performance of physicomechanical tests of the mixtures, Shore C hardness, absorption and resistance to flexion and compression. During the investigation, the water/plaster ratio of 0.8 was maintained, as well as the grain size of the plastic waste as it comes from the recycling factory (maximum 3 mm). On the contrary, the amount of added plastic waste has oscillated up to incorporate 50%, 60% and 70% over the weight of the plaster. In comparison to a reference sample, the obtained compounds are characterized by having a higher Shore C hardness, a lower absorption by capillarity and a decrease in their values of mechanical resistance. The addition of plastic waste to a plaster matrix can be considered as a possibility to obtain compounds of greater sustainability to be used in the field of sustainable construction.

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Šeputytė-Jucikė, Jurga, Georgij Arsenij Sezeman, Marijonas Sinica, Modestas Kligys, and Saulius Vaitkus. "IMPACT OF GRANULES FROM CRUSHED EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE PACKAGE ON PROPERTIES OF THERMO-INSULATING PLASTER." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 20, no. 4 (July 4, 2014): 581–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.922492.

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The paper deals with the use of lightweight porous aggregate, i.e. crushed expanded polystyrene package crumbs (EPSC) in the composition of thermo-insulating plaster. Its effectiveness is compared to that of spherical granules of expanded polystyrene – white coloured (EPS) and grey coloured (NEOPOR). The content of lightweight aggregate changed from 1.25 to 1.75 l/kg of dry mix. The investigation focused on properties of modified plaster, such as density, compressive strength, thermal conductivity and water vapour permeability. It was established that EPSC reduce density of plaster from 1350 to 530 kg/m3, improving such properties as thermal conductivity and water vapour permeability but decreasing compressive strength. In addition, the paper established the adhesion force of plaster (content of lightweight aggregate was 1.25 l/kg of dry mix) to ceramics, silicate and autoclaved aerated concrete masonry elements. The character of macrostructure of plaster was considered, as well as bonding with a coat of decorative paint. It was found that plaster with EPSC has similar properties to plasters with EPS and NEOPOR aggregates; however, in case of EPSC, the relative vapour resistance is better. The provided regression equations can be used for prediction of differently modified plasters.

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MOLODID, Oleksandr, Ruslana PLOKHUTA, Olena MOLODID, Marek POCZĄTKO, Katarzyna JANICKA-ŚWIERGULA, Volodymyr SKOCHKO, and Yevheniia Novak. "Research of the Component Composition of Drying Renovation Brick Crumb Plaster for Restoration of Architectural Monuments." International Journal of Conservation Science 15, SI (February 28, 2024): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2024.si.08.

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The article presents the results of analytical studies to establish the authentic component composition of the brick crumb plaster, which was used to furnish architectural monuments of the 10th – 12th centuries. In laboratory conditions, a number of experimental studies aimed at the production of brick crumb plaster according to the historical recipe were performed. However, a number of requirements were set for such plaster, according to which it must meet European and domestic requirements for drying renovation plasters. The peculiarity of such plasters is low compressive strength (1.5 – 5.0MPa), high porosity (>45 %) and a low coefficient of resistance to water vapour diffusion (12), which allows drying overmoistened walls and at the same time extracting salts from them and accumulating them in the pores of their volume. In the process of experimental research, the historical recipe of the plaster was slightly modified, which made it possible to obtain a plaster with the specified parameters. The performance of plastering works with a scientifically based recipe of brick crumb renovation plaster on an architectural monument in the city of Chernihiv gave a positive result with a decrease in salinity and humidity of the walls.

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Munteán, László. "Plaster Archeology in Budapest’s Seventh District: Toward a Mode of Engagement with Architectural Surfaces." Hungarian Cultural Studies 11 (August 6, 2018): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ahea.2018.319.

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Used as a predominant covering material in Central and Eastern Europe throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, plaster’s malleable characteristics also enabled its efficient utilization as a material for imitating decorative features traditionally made from stone and marble. Instead of looking at plaster as an imitation material, this article proposes studying it as a material archive containing unintentionally preserved traces of the past that may include fragments of advertisements, graffiti, bullet holes, or virtually any inscription in plaster that would otherwise be bound to disappear. Plaster archeology is a mode of looking at plaster less as a conduit of architectural form and more as a material surface involving depth. As a discipline, plaster archeology entails a set of practices that allows one to attend to these surfaces, although not with the intention to save traces of the past from disappearance, but rather towards reconceptualizing plaster as a material in its own right that constantly transforms at the whims of human and climatic forces. By using two buildings located in the heart of Budapest’s seventh district as case studies, I will then demonstrate how the plaster archeologist views and examines façades. Finally, through an exploration of plaster’s characteristics and history, I argue for plaster archeology as a non-interventive mode of engaging with architectural surfaces.

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Vardy, Stephen, and Colin MacDougall. "Compressive Testing and Analysis of Plastered Straw Bales." Journal of Green Building 1, no. 1 (February 1, 2006): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.1.1.63.

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The structural performance of plastered straw bales under compressive loading is extremely important when considering the suitability of plastered straw bales as a construction material. Most currently available results do not investigate how different construction methods and practices can affect the strength of a plastered bale. The experiments discussed in this paper illustrate how the strength of the plaster, the thickness of the plaster and the orientation of the bale itself can affect the strength of the plastered bale. It was found that the bales plastered flat were 36% stronger than those plastered on edge. In addition it was found that although the plaster strength does affect the strength of the plastered bale, it does not have as significant an impact as the plaster thickness. It was also found that nearly all plastered bales tested had higher strengths than would be required in typical residential construction. The strengths were found to be in the same range as the values reported in the existing literature. The plastered bale modulus was found to be highly variable and un-predictable.

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Albadrani, Mohammed Aqeel, and Ahmed D. Almutairi. "Studying the Compressed Mechanical Characteristics of a Novel Carbon-Free Plaster Using ANSYS Software." Buildings 13, no. 11 (November 16, 2023): 2871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112871.

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Eco-friendly plasters offer several advantages, including sustainability, nontoxicity, and low cost. These plasters are made with sustainable materials, such as natural fibers and starches. These materials can have different mechanical properties compared to traditional plasters, which are made with gypsum and cement. Due to the increased attention being paid to environmental issues, efforts are still being made to switch out the conventional plaster of gypsum and cement for an eco-friendlier alternative to minimize toxicity, increase effectiveness, and lower cost. In this study, the effect of novel plaster behavior under pressure on mechanical properties was investigated. The plaster investigated was an eco-friendly carbon-free BSCO plaster. A range of experimental techniques were used, such as compression testing for confirmation using ANSYS 2023 R1 software, which set ergonomic and user-friendly standards as a minimum requirement, with the overarching goal of creating stronger, lighter, and more reasonably priced structures. The results showed that eco-friendly Bilateral Specialized Company (BSCO) plasters could have comparable mechanical properties to traditional plasters. Additionally, it is suggested that eco-friendly and carbon-free plasters can be a viable alternative to traditional plasters in a variety of applications. Researchers and civil engineers can both gain from this scientific paper’s potential to replace conventional stucco with an ecologically friendly alternative that has more effective mechanical qualities.

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Kučeriková, Veronika, Michal Kraus, and Darja Kubečková. "Analysis of the Degradation of External Plasters in the Buildings with ETICS." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.15.

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The external plaster are currently the most common finish coat of buildings. The characteristic technological and chemical properties of plasters protect supporting structure against weather and temperature extremes. Quality of plaster is determined by its durability, which depends primarily on the quality of raw materials, the quality and porosity of the substrate, the temperature during application, concentration of carbon dioxide and humidity of the ambient air. The physical and chemical and biological degradation of plaster is caused due to weathering and exposure to aggressive substances of environment. The paper deals with the analysis of the causes of degradation (green facades) and the possibilities of remediation of biotic attack of plasters buildings with External Thermal Insulation Composite System (ETICS).

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Zemanová, Lucie, Jaroslav Pokorný, Milena Pavlíková, and Zbyšek Pavlík. "Properties of Modified Lime-Based Plasters for Renewal of Historical Buildings Exposed to Accelerated Carbonation Test." Materials Science Forum 909 (November 2017): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.909.286.

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This paper deals with determination of basic physical, mechanical, thermal and water transport properties of lime–based plasters whose composition was modified by the addition of diatomaceous earth. To eliminate possible deterioration of original lime plaster by natural weathering, the hydrophobic admixtures on the stearate and oleate basis were added into the plaster mixtures and boiled linseed oil as a painting was applied. All studied material parameters were tested after 28 days of wet curing and after exposition to accelerated carbonation. The results of examined properties of developed plasters gave promising outcomes for the use of hydrophobised materials in renewal of historical buildings. Based on the obtained data, plaster made of lime hydrate, diatomite, and combination of water repellent agents can be recommended for renovation purposes.

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Vorobеv, A. E., and D. M. Raimbekova. "Innovative development of clever plasters in Kyrgyzstan." Russian Journal of Telemedicine and E-Health 8, no. 2 (June 25, 2022): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29188/2712-9217-2022-8-2-50-58.

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Idea of clever plasters is opened. It is shown that the flexible electric plaster providing stimulation of a human body in the right place with electric field was the first electronic plaster. The concept of a clever plaster which represents the smart wearable electronic innovative device directed to the most contactless measurement of various characteristics and parameters of an organism of the patient for the purpose of improvement of his initial health is given. Modern clever plasters not only are the physical barrier to small wounds and bruises having the antibacterial and warming-up properties but also are capable to carry out monitoring of a condition of an organism of the patient, often capable to define time of input of drugs and to provide their input.

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Baysan, Meryem, Mark Broere, Maarten E. Wille, Jule E. Bergsma, Egbert G. Mik, Nicole P. Juffermans, Roula Tsonaka, Johanna G. van der Bom, and Sesmu M. Arbous. "Description of mitochondrial oxygen tension and its variability in healthy volunteers." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (June 3, 2024): e0300602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300602.

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Objectives Describing mitochondrial oxygenation (mitoPO2) and its within- and between-subject variability over time after 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) plaster application in healthy volunteers. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Measurements were performed in Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands. Participants Healthy volunteers enrolled from July to September 2020. Interventions Two ALA plasters were placed parasternal left and right, with a 3-hour time interval, to examine the influence of the calendar time on the value of mitoPO2. We measured mitoPO2 at 4, 5, 7, 10, 28, and 31 hours after ALA plaster 1 application, and at 4, 5, 7, 25, and 28 hours after ALA plaster 2 application. Primary and secondary outcome measures At each time point, five mitoPO2 measurements were performed. Within-subject variability was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the mean of five measurements per timepoint of a study participant. The between-subject variability was the SD of the mean mitoPO2 value of the study population per timepoint. Results In 16 completed inclusions, median mitoPO2 values and within-subject variability were relatively similar over time at all time points for both plasters. An increase in overall between-subject variability was seen after 25 hours ALA plaster time (19.6 mm Hg vs 23.9 mm Hg after respectively 10 and 25 hours ALA plaster time). Conclusions The mitoPO2 values and within-subject variability remained relatively stable over time in healthy volunteers. An increase in between-subject variability was seen after 25 hours ALA plaster time warranting replacement of the ALA plaster one day after its application. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov with trial number NCT04626661.

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DeMaio, Marlene, Kathleen McHale, Martha Lenhart, Joshua Garland, Christopher McIlvaine, and Michael Rhode. "Plaster." Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 94, no. 20 (October 2012): e152. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.l.00183.

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Tarassova, Eugenia, and Mihail Tarassov. "Archaemineralogical study of plasters and paints from the Thracian tomb Maglizh (4th–3rd century BC), Bulgaria." Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society 83, no. 3 (December 2022): 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52215/rev.bgs.2022.83.3.338.

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Fragments of plasters and paints from the decoration of the chamber and the grave of the Thracian tomb Muglizh (4th–3rd century BC) were studied. It was established that the plasters are two or three-layered and consist of coarse plaster, pink colored plaster and white putty (stucco). The binder in all three layers is a lime prepared from organogenic limestone. Crushed materials from rocks and minerals were used as fillers in the coarse and pink plasters, and only white-colored minerals such as quartz, calcite, albite were used in the stucco. A mixture of red earth ocher and cinnabar was used as pigment in the red paint and pink plaster. For the black paint, a mixture of crushed charcoal and Egyptian blue was used. The binder in the red and black paints is lime. In pink paint, the binding material is gypsum, and the pigment is cinnabar.

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Goddard, John M., and Rebecca L. Reaney. "Lidocaine 5%–medicated plaster (Versatis) for localised neuropathic pain: results of a multicentre evaluation of use in children and adolescents." British Journal of Pain 12, no. 3 (January 31, 2018): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2049463718756431.

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The Lidocaine 5% plaster is licensed for the symptomatic relief of neuropathic pain associated with post-herpetic neuralgia in adult patients over 18 years of age. Studies in adults also demonstrate efficacy of Lidocaine 5% plasters in other neuropathic pain conditions. Case reports and experience suggested efficacy of Lidocaine 5% plasters in children and adolescents with localised neuropathic pain. Initiated by the Pain in Children Special Interest Group (PICSIG) of the British Pain Society, a 3-year prospective multicentre service evaluation was undertaken to document the usage and efficacy of the Lidocaine 5% plaster in paediatric patients being managed by paediatric pain teams in the United Kingdom. Five paediatric pain teams provided anonymised data pre-treatment and 3–6 months after commencing Lidocaine 5% plaster. Changes in pain score, function, sleep and continuing use were evaluated. Data were obtained for 115 patients; age range 5–18 years (mean: 12 years). Diagnosis and site of application varied. Benefit from use of a Lidocaine 5% plaster in an individual was deemed if two or more of the following were reported: reduction in pain score, functional improvement, sleep improvement and continuing use of Lidocaine 5% plaster. Benefit was recorded for 79 patients (69%); 32 patients were recorded as receiving no benefit and data were unavailable for 4 patients, and 7 patients reported minor skin reactions. This prospective service evaluation supports the efficacy of the Lidocaine 5% plaster in children and adolescents with localised neuropathic pain and confirms tolerability and safety. It is the opinion of the PICSIG of the British Pain Society that the Lidocaine 5% plaster should be considered early in the multidisciplinary management of localised neuropathic pain in children and adolescents.

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Baccega, Eleonora, and Michele Bottarelli. "Granular PCM-Enhanced Plaster for Historical Buildings: Experimental Tests and Numerical Studies." Energies 15, no. 3 (January 28, 2022): 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15030975.

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The construction sector is among the major players responsible for global energy consumption and therefore related emissions, both because of the constantly increasing indoor air quality standard which requires increasingly higher energy demands as well as the great share of historical buildings which are now obsolete and are not up to date with current regulations. Phase change materials (PCMs) applied on the building envelope represent a feasible possibility to improve the performance of existing buildings, also the historical ones, increasing their thermal inertia without violating any legal restriction or causing further alterations to the structure. More specifically, focus of this research was on the addition of a granular paraffin PCM into a lime-based plaster. Experimental tests at lab scale and numerical simulations with COMSOL Multiphysics were carried out to characterize the plasters realized, namely one reference lime-based plaster and one with incorporated 10% by mass of granular PCM (named REFp and PCMp, respectively). The behavior of these plasters applied on the exterior side of a wall was then simulated and compared in terms of temperatures and heat fluxes. However, considering that the estimated thermal conductivity of the reference lime-based plaster was lower than the values found in literature, the simulations were carried out considering an additional plaster, namely a lime-based plaster (renamed LITp), whose properties were found in literature and considered quite representative of a consistent share of existing historical buildings. Great improvements were observed from the application of PCM into the plaster, with reductions of the incoming energy between 9% and 18%.

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Volkova, K., M. Põldaru, S. Ilomets, T. Kalamees, M. Talvik, and D. Heim. "The effect of temperature, humidity and mechanical properties on crack formation on external thin plasters of ETICS." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2069, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2069/1/012025.

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Abstract External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICS) are widely used in the northern hemisphere in retrofitted and new external walls. The outer layer of ETICS is usually a thin layer of plaster. The effects of temperature and humidity on the hygrothermal behaviour and mechanical properties of thin plasters have been quantified by conducting several experiments to determine the possibility of crack formation. Combinations of plasters using four types of binders are tested: mineral, polymer, silicate and silicone. Plasters are tested as four systems consisting of a base coat, a glass-fibre reinforcement mesh and a finishing coat. Sorption curves of the plaster systems are determined to gather data for numerical simulations. The coefficients of thermal and hygroscopic expansion are determined. The modulus of elasticity and tensile strength of four different plasters are measured to allow the calculation of crack formation in ETICS and suggest the distances between the deformation joints. The method demonstrated in this paper makes it possible to calculate the crack formation caused by the temperature and moisture shrinkage in the thin exterior plaster of ETICS.

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Babcock, Loren E. "Casting with plaster of Paris." Paleontological Society Special Publications 4 (1989): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200005281.

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Plaster of Paris is a general term for gypsum plasters and gypsum cements. Plaster, which has been in widespread use for producing casts of fossils since the Nineteenth Century (e.g., Green, 1832; Ward, 1866), is easily used for making rigid, long-lasting, and inexpensive casts of study specimens, and for making field casts from natural molds. Good general descriptions of the use of plaster are given in Clarke (1938) and Rich (1947), as well as in many recent books on sculpture (e.g., Miller, 1971; Chaney and Skee, 1973; Andrews, 1983), and in various brochures distributed by manufacturers (e.g., United States Gypsum Company, 1987a, 1987b). Using plaster for casting paleontological specimens was previously discussed in works by Quinn (1940), Keyes (1959), Heintz (1963), Rigby and Clark (1965), Rixon (1976), and Chase (1979).

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Camarini, Gladis, and Sayonara M. M. Pinheiro. "Microstructure of Recycled Gypsum Plaster by SEM." Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (April 2014): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.243.

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Gypsum waste from building constructions is a material which can contaminate the soil and groundwater if is disposed directly in the soil or landfill without any control. In Brazil, these wastes are considered a recycle and/or recovery material, but the research of gypsum plaster recycling are very few at this moment. In this way, this work presents the microstructural characterization of two types of recycled plaster. The recycled plaster was produced by a grinding and calcination the building construction waste. Microstructural characteristics were evaluated by SEM observations. The results show similarities between crystals of recycled and commercial plasters.

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Peterková, Jitka, Jiri Zach, Martin Sedlmajer, Ester Helanová, and Martina Reif. "Thermal Insulation Plasters Utilising Natural Fibres." Advanced Materials Research 1100 (April 2015): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1100.97.

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Natural fibres have been used in plaster reinforcement throughout history. The paper deals with the development of natural fibre reinforced thermal insulation plasters. Given the ongoing research in plaster mixes, there was an effort to develop thermal insulation plasters utilising not only alternative binders but also natural fibres produced in farming. Fibres were both of plant as well as animal origin. The goal of this development of the natural fibre reinforced thermal insulation plasters was to design materials with reduced energy costs, suitable for insulation and rehabilitation of buildings and with good physical, mechanical and thermal insulation properties. Furthermore, thanks to the use of alternative binders and natural fibres, these plasters can be considered environmentally friendly.

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Syahputra, Ricky Andi, Rizka Fajrina, Zulmai Rani, and Agung Rahmadani. "Producing Polyurethane as Wound Plaster using Glycerol Transesterified of Waste Cooking Oil with Moringa Leaf Extract (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) as an Antimicrobial." Trends in Sciences 20, no. 12 (September 15, 2023): 6963. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2023.6963.

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Wound plaster polyurethane can make using glycerol from waste cooking oil (WCO). Wound plasters should contain antibacterial ingredients in addition to covering the sore. Traditionally various plants have been used to treat sore and contain sundry antibacterial chemical compounds amid Moringa oleifera Lam. Therefore, it is very potential to make polyurethane wound plasters from glycerol produced from WCO combined with Moringa leaf extract obtained from wound plasters from natural ingredients. Maceration with 96 % ethanol yielded moringa leaf extract. Then, a transesterification reaction carries out by using KOH-methanol at 60 °C to get glycerol and tested by FTIR spectrophotometry. Polyurethane wound plasters were made with a mixture of methylene 4,4 diphenyl diisocyanate, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and various formulas with variations of glycerol 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 drops. A characteristic test enforced with swelling test to find the best formula and functional group analysis using FTIR spectrophotometry. Into the best wound plaster, improved Moringa leaf ethanol extract at an intensity of 1 - 5 %. An antibacterial activity test carries out on the Moringa leaf ethanol extract and plasters obtained by the agar diffusion method. The FTIR spectrophotometer test showed the formation of glycerol from WCO. The results of the characteristics test for polyurethane wound plaster preparations obtained the best formula using 3 drops of glycerol. The antibacterial activity test results at a concentration of 500 mg/mL Moringa leaf extract produced a muscular inhibition zone of 19.2 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and Antiseptic solution of 17.3 mm; Pseudomonas aeruginosa of 14.3 mm and Antiseptic solvent of 16.2 mm. Antibacterial activity of polyurethane wound plaster against Staphylococcus aureus contains 5 % ethanol extract of 10.3 mm, Plaster Merck X of 11.2 mm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, only gave resistance at 5 % concentration of 8.3 mm and Plaster Merck X of 9.2 mm. HIGHLIGHTS Based on FTIR testing, it confirms the presence of aliphatic CH groups and OH groups, as well as the comparison of FTIR spectra with the raw material indicates the presence of Glycerol from Transesterification of Used Cooking Oil, and then the purification process of glycerol from used cooking oil yielded 30.4 g Glycerol from the transesterification reaction of WCO is used to create polyurethane wound dressings by forming urethane groups (-NHCO), as indicated by the FTIR results of the best formula using 3 drops of glycerol The Moringa leaf extract in the polyurethane wound dressing formula shows antibacterial activity GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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Claude, Vincent, Stéphane Charron, Fabrice de Barquin, and Inge Dirkx. "Microencapsulated Phase Changing Materials for Gypsum Plasters: A Practical Approach." Construction Materials 1, no. 3 (November 9, 2021): 188–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/constrmater1030012.

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Several studies have shown the feasibility and thermal potential of gypsum plaster with microspheres of PCM, but very few of them investigated an approach with practical and standards concern. In this work, different characterizations are performed according to European standards on a standard gypsum plaster and two different gypsum plasters formulated with 20 wt.% of PCM microspheres. A material is experimentally made by mixing conventional gypsum and PCM microspheres, whereas the other is an already prepared commercial mix. For the laboratory material, the addition of PCM increases the consistency of the fresh paste of plaster. In order to reach a consistency in agreement with the standards more water is required. This higher amount of water causes further issues on the densification and cohesion properties. In contrary, the properties of the commercial mix are closer to a common plaster. It is therefore assumed that the commercial material incorporates thinner additives. In view of these results, it is assumed that most of the drawbacks due to the addition of PCM microspheres in gypsum plasters could effectively be encountered by adequate addition of additives in order to reduce the amount of water, and binding resins in order to improve the adhesion and mechanical properties.

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Wang, Qing Guo. "Sorptivity of Porous Construction Gypsum Plasters." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.440.

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To understand the water transport properties and generally the mass and heat transfer performance, the sorptivity of different building gypsum plasters are investigated by experiments. The sorptivity of five kinds of gypsum materials are measured and compared with that of fired clay brick. The effects of water/plaster ratio, wet/dry cycles and lightweight additives on the absorbing properties are investigated. The “square root of t” law and the validity of sharp water front (SWF) model are also analysed. It is concluded that the absorption properties of gypsum plasters are sensitive to premixed lightweight aggregates, water/plaster ration and wet-dry cycles

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Pernicova, Radka. "Influence of Hydrophobic Agent on Rheological Behavior of Historical Plaster. Part 2: External Temperature." Key Engineering Materials 776 (August 2018): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.776.133.

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In a previous study, we presented new method measurement rheological properties of hydrophobized plaster in dependence of hardening time. Influence of external temperature on pozzolana plaster is analyzed in this paper, especially plasticity and workability of paste. Main aim of rheological test is determination of flow curves, obtained by applying a succession of constant strain rates for short times at the temperature 10°C and 30°C. Base on the performed experiments, it can be concluded that the temperature have very significant influence on rheological properties of plasters. With an increase in temperature, the application time of the mixture is shorter, from hour to minutes. A comparative measurement with pure lime plaster was done as well.

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Kulhavý, P., A. Samková, M. Petru, and M. Pechociakova. "Improvement of the Acoustic Attenuation of Plaster Composites by the Addition of Short-Fibre Reinforcement." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7356721.

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Noise attenuation is a key contemporary issue associated with the protection of human health. In this study, the possibilities of affecting acoustic properties of plaster composites by the addition of short-fibre reinforcement are described. The improvement of attenuation abilities was first verified using a simple numerical model with a pure plaster followed by using a reinforced plaster. The model results revealed a mutual correlation between the fibre ratio and dissipated acoustic energy. Hence, typical plasters used in the building industry (e.g., plaster, lime cement, and cement) are used as the base materials of the tested composites. The reinforcing dispersion in the form of short fibres (basalt and glass) with a defined length was selected after evidence from previously reported studies and after the comparison of some other fibres with respect to the trade-off between the rendered mechanical properties and cost. Transfer functions of the tested samples were measured using an impedance tube with two microphones, followed by the calculation of the total acoustic absorption. On the other hand, cement and plaster materials exhibited a low damping ability, and the absorption could be considerably increased by the addition of fibres, especially in the area around 1 kHz. In contrast, the UM plaster exhibited good damping properties even without the dispersion, and the addition of improper fibres such as glass ones possibly worsened the properties. The acoustic attenuation of the plaster composites can be improved by the appropriate combination of the base material and fibre dispersion. However, it is not possible to generalise this improvement for all possible combinations.

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Soolepp, Mihkel, Aime Ruus, Nele Nutt, Jane Raamets, and Ardo Kubjas. "Hygrothermal performance of paper plaster: influence of different types of paper and production methods on moisture buffering." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 14010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017214010.

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Paper as a material needs a lot of input energy. Many measures have been suggested to recycle paper, but still a huge amount of it ends in landfills. Hereby, one possibility for recycling paper - making paper plaster and putting it into service in indoor environment - is introduced. The study focuses on the moisture buffering properties of paper plaster. Two questions are under consideration in this article. Firstly, how paper type and production method influence the properties (dry density, drying shrinkage) of paper plaster, and secondly, what the material moisture buffering properties of paper plaster are. The plasters for testing were made from four types of paper (printer paper, glossy paper, newsprint and book paper). The production methods used were rumpling, grinding with a shredder or special crusher (prepared for the study) and soaking the paper after that. The dry density of groups varied from approx. 240 kg/m3 to 400 kg/m3. The shrinkage properties were from 3% to 10% in diameter. To evaluate the moisture buffering ability of paper plaster, the methodology introduced in the Nordtest protocol was used. Paper plaster is an outstanding water vapour buffering material [MBV=2.23-3.91 g/(m2·%RH)] belonging to the moisture buffering class "excellent" defined by Rode [15]. From the production methods rumpling gave the best value while printer paper showed the best values from the chosen materials. The tests with glossy paper resulted in modest values. To conclude, all the paper materials and preparation methods introduced in this study can be used to make paper plaster

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Ranesi, Alessandra, Paulina Faria, and Maria do Rosário Veiga. "Traditional and Modern Plasters for Built Heritage: Suitability and Contribution for Passive Relative Humidity Regulation." Heritage 4, no. 3 (September 10, 2021): 2337–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4030132.

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Plasters have covered wide surface areas of buildings since antiquity, with a main purpose of indoor protection of the substrate on which they are applied. When no longer functional, they might require substitution with solutions that can combine compatibility with the substrate with the current need to mitigate building emissions. Indeed, plasters can contribute to lowering buildings’ energy demands while improving indoor air quality and the comfort of buildings’ users, as plasters can be used as passive regulators of relative humidity (RH). Hence, this study presents the relative-humidity-dependent properties of different plastering mortars based on clay, air lime, and natural hydraulic lime, and plastering finishing pastes based on gypsum and gypsum–air lime, in all cases tested using small size specimens. A cement-based plaster is also analysed for comparison. The clay-based plaster was the most promising material for RH passive regulation, and could be applied to repair and replace plasters in different types of buildings. Pastes based on air lime–gypsum could be applied as finishing layers, specifically on traditional porous walls. The sorption behaviour of cement plaster appeared interesting; however, its water vapour permeability was as expected, found to be the lowest, discouraging its application on historic walls.

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ITO, TOSHIO. "Adbesive plaster." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR CLINICAL ANESTHESIA 10, no. 4 (1990): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2199/jjsca.10.315.

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O'DONOGHUE, BERNARD. "ROUGH PLASTER." Yale Review 107, no. 2 (2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tyr.2019.0039.

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Gallacher, Rose. "Plaster casting." Nursing Standard 24, no. 44 (July 7, 2010): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.24.44.59.s53.

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Auerbach, Nina, Melissa Muller, Rita Kimber, and Robert Kimber. "Plaster Saint." Women's Review of Books 16, no. 8 (May 1999): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4023188.

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Fernandes, Tanya. "Plaster casting." Nursing Standard 23, no. 51 (August 26, 2009): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2009.08.23.51.57.c7225.

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Winifred, Sargerson. "Plaster casting." Nursing Standard 25, no. 34 (April 27, 2011): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2011.04.25.34.55.c8471.

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Choyce, M. Q. "Plaster checks." Emergency Medicine Journal 12, no. 2 (June 1, 1995): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.12.2.160-a.

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Tschudi, Victor Plahte. "Plaster Empires." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 71, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 386–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2012.71.3.386.

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The so-called Plastico di Roma is one of Rome’s great attractions. The extraordinary detailed plaster reconstruction of fourth-century Rome monopolizes the image of the imperial city for scholars and visitors alike. Archaeology played an important but small part in the making of the model. The majority of buildings consist of volumetric modules, invented by the “architect” Italo Gismondi and his team, to mask and replace the missing architectural evidence. Victor Plahte Tschudi traces the impact of Gismondi’s invented antiques in Plaster Empires: Italo Gismondi’s Model of Rome. Completed in 1937, in time for the fascist exhibition (the Mostra Augustea), the model gave Fascist modernism a seeming imperial origin. It also legitimized, even inspired, the regime’s town planning policy and brutal overhaul to redeem Rome’s ancient monuments. Reconsidering the history and ideology of the model is crucial as Gismondi’s eighty-year-old inventions of the city reappear today in cutting-edge virtual reconstruction projects.

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Kravetz, Robert E. "Plaster Iron." American Journal of Gastroenterology 99, no. 4 (April 2004): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.04118.x.

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O'DONOGHUE, BERNARD. "ROUGH PLASTER." Yale Review 107, no. 2 (March 28, 2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/yrev.13475.

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Solberg, Sara. "Plaster Whales." Minnesota Review 2023, no. 100 (May 1, 2023): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00265667-10320842.

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Biagi, Giancarlo. "Humble Plaster." Sculpture Review 51, no. 4 (December 2002): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2632-3494.2002.tb00200.x.

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Asamatdinov, Marat, Аlexey Zhukov, Andrey Medvedev, and Vitaly Mukhametzyanov. "Fire protection systems using clay-gypsum plaster in agriculture." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 11008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017511008.

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The article substantiates using a modified binder based on clay-gypsum as the main component of dispersed reinforced and plasters mixtures. The rheological properties of such mixtures and the performance characteristics of plaster coatings have been studied. It is proved that the use of clay-gypsum as part of a modified dispersed reinforced binder contributes to the creation of favorable environmental conditions and the formation of a comfortable climate inside the agricultural premises, as well as increases the degree of protection of structures in fire conditions. It is established that the technological properties of dispersed reinforced plaster mixtures depend primarily on the composition of the modified clay-gypsum binder and the consumption of mineral fiber and its length. The fiber diameter within 3.2-3.4 microns does not significantly affect the properties of mixtures. Dispersed reinforcement in the range from 1 to 5% slightly affects the average density of clay-gypsum mixtures and plaster coatings based on them. Dispersed reinforcement has the greatest effect on the mobility of the mortar plaster mixture and, to a lesser extent, on its thixotropy. The introduction of mineral fibers has a significant impact on the strength characteristics of plaster coatings, and, to the greatest extent, on the strength of bending, the compressive strength is most affected by the content of semi-aqueous gypsum in the composite binder. An increase in bending strength by 20% determines the greater resistance of plaster coatings to temperature influence and this allows us to state an increase in the duration of the functioning of clay plaster barriers when protecting load-bearing structures and insulation systems from the effects of high temperatures.

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Suphunsaeng, Kantawich, Boonsong Thanyakit, Thwe Thwe Win, and Lapyote Prasittisopin. "DEVELOPMENT OF RAPID SET PLASTERING MORTAR FOR USING IN THE ASEAN REGION." Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology 30, no. 5 (November 21, 2023): 030143(1–5). http://dx.doi.org/10.55766/sujst-2023-05-e02792.

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Currently, a conventional plaster is widely used for wall plastering and occurs in various operational steps. The hardening time necessary for the plasters plays one of the most important roles in determining the duration of plastering work. Rapid-setting plasterers can assist in accelerating the process. However, plastering mortar with a hardened consistency is an imported product with very high shipping costs and import obligations, making it less competitive compared to local products in ASEAN. To maintain the quality and shelf life, transporting it also requires considerable time. Consequently, plaster products may agglomerate and lose their distinctive qualities. Besides, the climate in the ASEAN region differs from the country in which rapid-setting plaster products are produced. This has a direct effect on the plastering processes employed by ASEAN plasterers. This study focuses on the production of plaster mixes using raw materials in Thailand. To accelerate solidification, the addition of 3-4% calcium aluminate cement was conducted. In addition, it is compatible with Thai standards. The experimental results demonstrated that the manufactured plaster satisfied Thailand’s quality and usability standards. Consideration is given to material performance parameters such as flowability, setting time, compressive strength, constructability of user field study, and carbon footprint regarding the life cycle assessment.

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Rezek, Petr, and Petr Martinec. "Assessment of the Aggregate in Historical Plasters." Materials Science Forum 865 (August 2016): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.865.162.

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This article deals with the analysis of the aggregates of historical plasters. In the paper there is described the assessment methodology of the aggregates of historical plasters. The assessment of the aggregates is carried out with the example of a set of original and modern-day aggregates taken in the prelature and convent of the Želiv Monastery. Composition of fine aggregates of historical plasters was compared to the composition of the aggregates from resources of nearby watercourses. As well as it was assessed the geological character of nearby vicinity of the Monastery. For the analysis of character of the plaster fine aggregates it is applied the optical microscopy of the plaster thin sections, grain size analysis, mineralogical and petrographic analysis of the aggregates. The presented results document the differences in the origin of the aggregate used in plasters.

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Qamar, Furqan, Terence Thomas, and Majid Ali. "Contribution of Sisal Reinforced Plaster in out of Plane Resistance of Masonry Column." Key Engineering Materials 765 (March 2018): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.765.343.

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Now a days to ensure sustainability low carbon emission environment friendly products are considered widely around the world. In the construction field, artificial fibres has been researched and used since long time. They are detrimental to the environment due to being non-degradable, non-renewable and high oil consumption. Therefore, there are thoughts to replace them with the natural fibres. In this paper, sisal fibre is considered and are used within 8 mm thick plaster of masonry column. In order to gauge the contribution of sisal fibre within plaster, comparison with unplastered and plain plastered columns are carried out. Two samples of each are considered. The outcome of the experiment revealed that the 8mm thick sisal reinforced plaster column was more ductile and it can be found 1200% and 27% improvement in failure load from unplastered and plain plastered column, respectively, when subjected to out of plane lateral load.

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Panchenko, Alexander I., Vitaliy N. Solov’ev, Nikita A. Tretyakov, Alexander D. Chernov, and Ilmir R. Shaykhalov. "Evaluation of thixotropy of clay-gypsum based plaster." Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education], no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2019.4.6.

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Introduction. Requirements for mineral based plasters are divided into two groups: technological and performance properties. Plasticity and ease of application are attributed to the technological properties. This determines the requirements for rheological characteristics and, first of all, for the thixotropy of mixtures. The technique is developed and tested on plaster compositions based on clay-gypsum binder which belongs to the category of local binders. Russia has significant reserves of this raw material, but at present it is not used industrially. The main reason is the lack of a scientifically based theory of hardening of the clay-gypsum binder and the formation of its properties without and with modifying additives. The purpose of this research is to develop the composition and technology of application of interior plaster compositions based on stabilized binder. The methodology of studying the rheological properties of dry plaster mixtures based on clay gypsum for interior work and wet rooms is presented. The study of the rheology of clay gypsum mixtures is carried out for the first time, it determines scientific novelty. Recommendations for the use of clay gypsum plaster mixtures determine the practical significance of the research. Materials and methods. Methods of evaluation of thixotropic properties of plaster mixtures based on clay-gypsum binder in laboratory environment are realized. Results. The valid intervals of the water-cement ratio are established which ranged from 0.46 to 0.50, determined by the limiting shear stress and the actual sliding from the vertical wall. Conclusions. The possibility of using a clay-gypsum binder in dry plaster mixtures for interior decorative works in the premises, in particular, confirmed by research. It allows us to assess the actual adhesion of plaster coatings to the concrete based surfaces and to brickwork.

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Zušťák, Zbyněk, Michal Procházka, and Pavel Svoboda. "New Generation of Clay Plasters Stabilized by Polymers." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1203, no. 3 (November 1, 2021): 032044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1203/3/032044.

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Abstract This article is dedicated to the use of unburnt clay, specifically as a material to produce clay plaster and they stabilization via polymers. The main goal is to enhance the attributes of a clay plaster through the stabilization of various polymers, alternatively by combining the polymer with hydrophobization in different ratios. Stabilization is particularly important for exterior plasters, as they are the most exposed to water. To compare the characteristics, the mixtures were tested for water resistance, water vapor permeability, flexural tensive strength and compressive strength.

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Čáchová, Monika, Eva Vejmelková, Kirill Polozhiy, and Robert Černý. "Pore System and Hydric Properties of Two Different Lime Plasters with Finely Crushed Brick." Key Engineering Materials 675-676 (January 2016): 597–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.675-676.597.

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Two different lime plasters with finely crushed brick are studied in this article. In the first plaster the pozzolan mixture was used as silica sand while in the second it was dosed as replacement of the lime substitute and silica sand (the substitution levels being 20% and 50%). Classic lime plaster was used as a reference material. Studied parameters were basic physical properties (measured by water vacuum saturation and by helium pycnometry), characterization of pore system (by mercury porosimetry) and transport of liquid water.

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Garabito, J., Lourdes Alameda, Jesús Gadea, and Sara Gutiérrez-González. "Influence of Superplasticizers on the Properties of Lightweight Mortar Plaster Made with Recycled Polymers." Advanced Materials Research 1129 (November 2015): 546–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1129.546.

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The advantageous influence of two different polycarboxylate and melamine superplasticizers is studied in relation to the properties of blended mortar plaster made with recycled polymers (polyamide powder and polyurethane foam). The characteristics of the test specimens are defined and tested in both a fresh and a hardened state. The influence of the additives on the microstructure of the lightweight mortar plaster is defined through an analysis of the compatibility of the interface zone of the materials using Fast Scanning Electron Microscopy (FSEM).Our results show that the addition of additives influences the properties of the mortar plaster, enhances its mechanical properties, and increases its adherence with ceramic materials. These results confirm that superplasticizers (depending on the type and dosage) enhance both the properties of the mortar plasters produced with recycled polymers and the rheological properties of the mortars that include polyamide waste.

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Šmidtová, Markéta, and Klára Kroftová. "In Situ Applicability of Selected Nanotextiles on Surfaces of Historic Plasters." Advanced Materials Research 1122 (August 2015): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1122.44.

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The paper deals with the stabilization, conservation and strengthening of historic plaster fabrics based on nanofibres. As a result of degradation processes, especially of a chemical nature accompanied by increased humidity historic masonry, there is a loss of cohesion and disturbance od the surface finish and plaster. Traditional remediation techniques and methods normally lead to a reduction of diffuse permeability in multiphase structure and create different expansion properties under the plaster. The undesirable features of these methods are their irreversible character. Currently, there are primarily preferred procedures which stabilize the structure of the external finishes and at the same time preserve the original features of the historical plasters. The paper will be listed in the partial results of the ongoing in-situ and laboratory research applications of fabric based on nanofibres, which are formed by the supporting layer and spinning polymer.

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Kroftová, Klára, and Markéta Šmidtová. "Stabilization, Conversation and Strenghthening of Historic Plaster Using Nanofibres." Advanced Materials Research 923 (April 2014): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.923.48.

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The paper deals with the stabilization, conservation and strengthening of historic plaster fabrics based on nanofibers. As a result of degradation processes, especially of a chemical nature, accompanied by increased humidity of historic masonry, there is a loss of cohesion and a disturbance of the surface finish and plaster. Traditional remediation techniques and methods normally lead to a reduction of diffuse permeability in the multiphase structure and create different expansion properties under the plaster. The undesirable feature of this method is its irreversible character. Currently there are a number of primarily preferred procedures that stabilize the structure of the external finish, yet at the same time preserve the original features of the historical plasters. This paper will list the partial results of the ongoing in-situ and laboratory research applications of fabric based on nanofibers formed by the supporting layer and spinning polymer.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Plaster'

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