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Academic literature on the topic 'Plasma d'Hélium'
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Journal articles on the topic "Plasma d'Hélium"
Benmebrouk, Lazhar, S. Bentedj, and Fethi Khelfaoui. "Détermination de la Densité Électronique et de la Température Électronique par Spectroscopie d'une Décharge Micro-Onde dans un Plasma d'Hélium." حوليات العلوم و التكنولوجيا 7, no. 1 (May 2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0040255.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Plasma d'Hélium"
Cosimi, Julien. "Caractérisations d'un jet de plasma froid d'hélium à pression atmosphérique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30136.
Full textCold atmospheric pressure plasma jets are a subject of great interest in many biomedical fields for the past decade. In the various applications of these jets, the plasma generated can interact with many types of surfaces. Plasma jets influence the treated surfaces, but it is now well known that the treated surface also influences the plasma according to their characteristics. The work carried out in this thesis therefore aims to characterize a cold helium atmospheric pressure plasma jet in contact with three surfaces (dielectric, metallic and ultrapure water) by means of different electrical and optical diagnostics in order to understand the influence of the nature of the surfaces on the physical properties of the plasma and the chemical species generated. The first part of this thesis is focused on the study of the influence of surfaces on the plasma jet. Different parameters are studied, such as the nature of treated surfaces, the gas flow, the distance between the outlet of the device and the surface or the composition of the injected gas. For this purpose, helium flow at the outlet of the device is followed by Schlieren imagery with and without the discharge. Emission spectroscopy is used to determine the emissive species generated by the plasma. ICCD imagery is employed to follow the generation and the propagation of the discharge and the distribution of several excited species in the jet by using band-pass interference filters. A dielectric target causes the ionization wave to spread over its surface and a conductive target leads to the formation of a conduction channel. The evolution of excited species densities (OH*, N2*, He* and O*) increases with the relative permittivity of the treated surface. As well known, active species generated by plasma jets play a fundamental role in the kinetics and the chemistry of the mechanisms linked to plasma processes. The second part of the present work therefore relates to the spatial and temporal evaluation of the densities of the hydroxyl radical OH which plays a major role in many cellular mechanisms. The spatial mapping and the temporal evolution of the absolute and relative densities of OH are obtained by LIF and PLIF laser diagnostics. The density of OH generated increases with the electrical conductivity of the treated surface. It can be noted that the OH molecules remain present in the helium channel between two consecutive discharges (several tens of microseconds). Finally, we focus on the production of chemical species in ultrapure water treated with plasma. The influence of different parameters on the concentration of species in the treated water has been studied to optimize the production of chemical species. In experimental conditions, grounding the ultrapure water during treatment increases the concentration of H2O2. Furthermore, the grounding induces a decrease in the NO2- concentration
Fawaz, Farah. "Simulation multidimensionnelle d'un jet de plasma froid d'hélium pour des applications biomédicales." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30204.
Full textThe cold plasma jets can be generated in helium-air mixtures by circulating helium in a tube that opens to the ambient air and by feeding pulsed high voltage on annular electrodes glued around the tube. Experimental studies have shown that these plasma jets are in fact composed of a succession of ionization waves guided by the helium channel. These ionization waves generate charged or unloaded active species that can be applied to animal or plant cells or serve to activate a liquid medium. The applications are multiple and concern, for example, scarring, cancer treatment, decontamination, cellular activation or help with germination and plant growth. The aim of this thesis is to build, using the COMSOL commercial software, a 2D model of the gas mixture flow coupled to ionization wave dynamics to better understand the formation of the discharge and the physicochemical characteristics of the jet that flows from it. The simulation of these devices is however very complex because of (i) the dependence of the chemical kinetics and the transport phenomena of the charged species as a function of the composition of the helium-air mixture, (ii) the mutual influence of the flow on the discharges and discharges on the flow and (iii) the dynamics of the ionization waves which requires steps of evolution time of the order of the picosecond and a spatial mesh of a few micrometres. On the basis of a 0D model of chemical kinetics in helium-air mixtures including more than 1000 reactions and a little less than 100 species, a chemical analysis and reduction work was done to extract an optimum game representative of the chemical kinetics. This model takes into account both the initial concentration variations of the species in the mixtures and the modifications of the energy distribution functions of the electrons. In a second step, a 2D model was developed to simulate the formation and propagation of ionization waves in helium-air jets using COMSOL. The ionization waves being very dynamic and lasting only a few hundred nanoseconds, we considered that the flow remained static on this time scale. The evolution of the charged species is followed using the fluid model order 1 and the necessary basic data are calculated as a function of the reduced electric field E/N and the helium-air concentration by solving the Boltzmann equation. The simulations followed the formation and the propagation of a discharge in plasma jet devices consisting of a dielectric tube and two annular electrodes. The results clearly show the formation of an initial ionization wave concentrated around the axis of the tube, which then splits to form an annular discharge that propagates along the dielectric tube to its exit. A parametric study was carried out on the wave propagation at the outlet of the tube as a function of the flow velocity of the gas in the tube
Foletto, Marc. "Les micro-jets de plasma à pression atmosphérique et température ambiante." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30026/document.
Full textMicroplasma jets propagating in a helium flow surrounded by air at ambient pressure and temperature have attracted the attention of many researchers over the past decade. These microplasma jets are ignited in a cylindrical dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) powered by impulse or sinusoidal voltage pulses with an amplitude of several kilovolts and then propagate as an ionization wave in the helium flow outside the DBD. The plasma so-generated is confined to the region where helium is the dominant species because ionization of the surrounding air requires a significantly higher electric field strength than is present at the ionization front in the plasma jet. The putative biomedical applications of microplasma jets are particularly promising because they provide a way of producing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species some centimeters downstream from the DBD without significant gas heating. The objective of the work reported in this thesis has been to develop a better understanding of the influence of the operating conditions and geometry on the properties of the plasma jets. To this end, experimental and numerical studies of the hydrodynamics of the helium flow and simulations of the generation and propagation of the microplasma jet have been carried out
Jomaa, Neil. "Modélisations multi-physiques avec validations expérimentales des jets de plasmas froids d'hélium à la pression atmosphérique." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU30094.
Full textThe development of reliable plasma sources well suited for biomedical applications is nowadays an increased need. These sources must meet strict requirements such as low temperature (quasi-ambient), easy handling, production of tuned active species, etc. The cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet generated by dielectric barrier discharge can meet these requirements. They are the focus of our hydro-electrodynamics model that is correlated with measurements for experimental validations. The modeled system implemented within our team consists of a quartz tube of small diameter crossed by helium gas flow and around which are wrapped two aluminum electrodes powered by a mono-polar pulsed voltage. Rapid imagery showed that the plasma jet that looks like continuous at naked eye is in reality a rapid succession of "plasma bullets" which are guided ionization waves propagating in He-air mixture, a hypothesis whose confirmation is one of the main objectives of the present work. The study was conducted in 2Drz. The finite element method was used for numerical discretization and COMSOL software is used. We developed three coupled models: hydrodynamic, electrostatic and electrodynamics models. Hydrodynamic modeling has provided us, for different radii of the tube and flow rates, the 2Drz distribution of the mole fraction of helium which is gradually diluted in the ambient air. This gas mixture is the medium in which the ionization waves propagate. The initial wave front in the vicinity of the outlet tube is the geometric electric field. Electrostatic simulation allowed us to quantify the influence of each parameter of the device on the maximum value of this geometric electric field. An important result of this study is an optimal configuration of the plasma jet device (experimentally validated) allowing us to maximize the length of the jet in order to facilitate the manipulation of the plasma source, or to minimize the magnitude of the voltage applied to the device to significantly reduce the energy cost in the case of a fixed length of the jet. The electro-hydrodynamic simulation of the plasma jet is based on the coupled system formed by the Poisson equation, the equations of particle transport, the electron energy conservation equation, the convecto-diffusive transport equation of helium in ambient air and the Navier-Stokes equation. The required input data in the models as reactions and transport coefficients determined from multi-term Boltzmann equation solution take into account the progressive dilution of He in the air. Each case of simulation of our 2Drz multi-physics model is time consuming calculation (a few days on a Xeon processor) but provide us a lot of valuable information for the optimization of the jet. Some of them are confirmation of "guided streamer " nature of plasma jet, the 2Drz rigorous analysis correlated to reaction kinetics of the different phases of the jet (development, propagation and post-discharge), the determination of its length and velocity profile, the identification of mechanisms leading to its annular shape experimentally observed, the spatial and temporal study of the average electron energy, the local electric field generating the second ionization wave, the electron current and density of the charged and neutral species such as the helium metastable playing a major role in the chemistry of the plasma and atomic oxygen because of its importance in biomedical applications. Good consistencies observed between our results and the experimental measurements are elements of validation of our hydro-electrodynamics model. We also conducted a systematic parametric study to quantify the effect of the voltage and the tube inner radius on the characteristics of the plasma jet. We have finally given, in an annex, our contribution on the physics of the interactions between our jet and micro-organisms
Lefevre, Tony. "Etude des propriétés radiatives d'un plasma d'hélium hors équilibre : expériences et simulations avec le code SOPHIA." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4776/document.
Full textThe experimental study of the radiative properties of plasmas of helium out of equilibrium can be achieved by emission spectroscopy, a non-invasive diagnostic which does not affect the system. In this thesis, this diagnostic was used on plasmas created in discharge tubes and in the linear magnetized machine MISTRAL. The experimental data were compared with theoretical results coming from the atomic physics code SOPHIA (collisional-radiative model). The discharge tubes are characterized by electron temperatures of the order of the electron volt and electron densities in the range of 10 12 cm-3. The first part of the results of this thesis has shown that under these conditions, the CCC model (Convergent Close Coupling) reproduces in the best way the atomic dynamics of such a system. The second part of the results reveals the spectroscopic signatures (line intensities ratios and radial studies), in the machine MISTRAL, the presence of ionizing energetic electrons and the diffusion of charged particles through a magnetic field
Vijayarangan, Vinodini. "Application des plasmas froids à la pénétration de principes actifs dans la peau." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ORLE3207.
Full textThis thesis was performed under a CIFRE contract within LVMH Research, in collaboration with two academic laboratories : GREMI (University of Orléans / CNRS) and CBM (CNRS). The aim of the project was to assess the use of a cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet for the cutaneous penetration of molecules of cosmetic interest. This thesis was carried out along three major axes. In the first, the work consisted in identifying and evaluating the characteristics of a plasma jet in front of a skin explant. A study was carried out to observe the behavior of a helium flow during plasma treatments with various characteristics by Schlieren imaging, to identify the type of excited species produced by spectroscopy, to measure the electric field associated with the plasma jet and its temperature in the environment of the explant. The second axis of the study was focused on the disturbances induced on the skin explant. The impact of plasma treatment on the skin barrier was assessed through measurements of transepidermal water loss, pH, wettability and skin lipid degradation. The structural integrity of collagen was visualized by AFM and that of the epidermal and dermal layers by immunostaining. Finally, in thethird axis, the work focused on skin penetration after plasma treatment using fluorescent molecules as well asactive ingredients of cosmetic interest such as caffeine and hyaluronic acid. The effective penetration of these molecules through the skin was evaluated, measured and quantified using Franz cells with quantification byabsorbance measurements, by HPLC and by fluorescence or MALDI FTICR imaging on sections obtained. from treated explants. The studies carried out along these three axes have thus made it possible to highlight the key parameters allowing effective skin penetration without damage to the skin by cold plasma treatment
TA, PHUOC KIM. "Etude du rayonnement XUV produit lors de l'interaction relativiste entre un laser femtoseconde intense et un plasma d'hélium." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009602.
Full textDouat, Claire. "Etude d'un micro-jet de plasma à pression atmosphérique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00960400.
Full textInvernizzi, Laurent. "Développement, caractérisation et optimisation d'une source plasma pour le traitement de liquides." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30231.
Full textIn recent decades, a growing interest in the characterization and optimization of atmospheric pressure plasma jets has emerged due to the variety of possible applications. One of them concerns the decontamination of liquids containing pollutants. Indeed, plasma jets are capable of creating oxidizing agents such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), electric fields, UV/VUV radiation and charged species. In particular, the variety and number of RONS that are created and deposited in the liquid phase are two key parameters. Understanding and optimizing them is fundamental to the development of an effective plasma source for liquid decontamination. The creation of RONS is possible by a cascade of energy transfers between the species in the plasma, the surrounding air and the liquid target placed in contact with the plasma jet. Therefore, it is necessary to study the species providing these RONS, namely the metastable helium atoms He(23S). These species have the particularity of storing a relatively high energy (19.8 eV), and can release it several tens of nanoseconds after, in the case of plasma in He + 0.2% O2 mixture. The collision between these metastables and air species causes the creation of reactive species in the gas and liquid phase. These reactive species can then reduce or destroy the pollutant present in the water. In this work, the study is separated in three parts: the plasma, the liquid, and the biocidal efficiency of the plasma jet. The study of the source geometry influence, the flow rate or the gas mixture on the quantity of metastable helium atoms in the plasma jet is performed by laser absorption spectroscopy. The use of Abel inversion allows the density and lifetime of these species to be determined locally in the plasma jet during its interaction with a liquid target. Optical emission spectroscopy is used to map all excited species between 200 and 1000 nm present in the plasma jet. These excited species in the plasma are also studied using an intensified camera to monitor the spatial and temporal evolution of the plasma jet during its propagation in the air. The asymmetric source, whose mass electrode has a larger surface than a conventional source (symmetric source), produces more metastable helium atoms and excited species. The quantities of the main RONS (hydrogen peroxides, nitrites and nitrates) were measured in the liquid. The complex molecule targeted in this study to model water pollutant is methylene blue.[...]
Perito, Cardoso Rodrigo. "Plasmas micro-ondes en cavité résonnante à la pression atmosphérique : étude des plasmas d'hélium et applications au traitement des matériaux." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL103N/document.
Full textThe present work deals with the study of helium microwave plasmas at atmospheric pressure generated in a resonant cavity and their applications in surface treatment. First of all, a state of art of microwave atmospheric pressure plasmas and their applications is presented. Next, a collisional-radiative model for pure helium discharge and post-discharge is described. The results of the model are compared to experimental data obtained at 2500 K and a coherent set of cross-sections and rate constants is obtained for these conditions. Emission and absorption spectroscopy diagnostics are employed to characterize the helium plasma. The gas temperature is determined by the rotational synthetic spectra method. The evolution of the gas temperature, as a function of the input power, the concentration and the nature of impurities in helium, is measured. It turns out that the plasma volume plays a significant role on the gas temperature. The He(23S) concentration is determined by laser absorption in pulsed and continuous mode. In continuous mode, the metastable concentration is divided by 3 with 360 ppm of impurity, regardless of the nature of the impurity. Nevertheless, during the post-discharge, in pulsed mode, the nature of the impurity plays an important role. These measurements support the idea that He+ and not He2+ is the main ion. Concerning the applications, only post-discharges are utilized. We demonstrate that deposition of SiOx using hexamethyldisiloxane as precursor can be efficient. We show that titanium nitriding at high temperature is possible