Journal articles: 'Plants Requirements'

1

Verdonck, O., and R. Gabriëls. "SUBSTRATE REQUIREMENTS FOR PLANTS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 221 (April 1988): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1988.221.1.

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Trávníček, Petr, Luboš Kotek, Vlastimil Nejtek, Tomáš Koutný, Petr Junga, and Tomáš Vítěz. "Flare stacks on agricultural biogas plants – safety and operational requirements." Research in Agricultural Engineering 65, No. 3 (October 7, 2019): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1/2019-rae.

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The flare stack is a piece of equipment, which is used as a safety element at a biogas plant. In the case of a cogeneration unit or gas boiler failure, the biogas is redirected to the flare stack where it is burned. When the flare stack fails, the biogas releases to the atmosphere and an explosive mixture can form. The paper is focused on the description of the causes, which can cause the failure of the equipment. For this purpose, the individual components are described and, subsequently, the possibilities of their failure are discussed. In the next part of the work, the following scenario is considered: failure of the cogeneration unit and flare stack, the subsequent leakage of the biogas to the atmosphere. The calculation for determining the consequences of the biogas leakage is carried out. The size of the gaseous cloud and the explosion pressure in the case of a vapour cloud explosion are determined. The calculations were carried out by the software ALOHA (version 5.4.7).

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Gaderer, M., and H. Spliethoff. "Future requirements for fossil power plants." EPJ Web of Conferences 54 (2013): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20135401003.

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Prinsloo, G., J. C. Viljoen, and C. P. du Plooy. "Nitrogen fertiliser requirements of medicinal plants." South African Journal of Botany 76, no. 2 (April 2010): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2010.02.038.

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Handreck, Kevin A. "Phosphorus requirements of Australian native plants." Soil Research 35, no. 2 (1997): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/s96060.

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The phosphorus (P) requirements of Australian plants are reviewed. Many Australian plants have highly developed abilities for acquiring and conservatively using P. This is seen as an evolutionary response to the combined environmental pressures of fire, soil P levels that are in the lower part of the range for world soils, and low and eratic rainfall. In natural Australian ecosystems, more than 50% of the P in the A horizon is in organic combination. Organic matter is the main source for the growth of perennial plants, so the only successful assessments of ‘available’ P measure labile organic P and microbial P. However, the inorganic P of ashbeds is essential to the rapid establishment of fire ephemerals and tree seedlings in natural ecosystems. Almost all Australian plants develop associations with mycorrhizal fungi, or produce hairy roots, as ways of increasing P uptake. Highly developed abilities to redistribute P from ageing to young tissues enable Australian plants to have a low P requirement per unit of biomass production. This also results in low P losses in sawlogs from natural forests, but not necessarily from short-rotation plantations. The special role of P in the ecology and conservation of heathlands is reviewed. Finally, an overview is given of the P requirements of Australian plants being grown in soil-less media in nurseries.

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Subki, I. "Indonesian requirements for future nuclear·power plants." Progress in Nuclear Energy 29 (January 1995): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0149-1970(95)00033-g.

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Dalton, Thomas. "Navy/Merchant Electric Plants for the 1980’s." Marine Technology and SNAME News 22, no. 02 (April 1, 1985): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1985.22.2.134.

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Discussion is limited primarily to conventional generator sets and switchgear in electric plant designs for typical naval and merchant ships. Standard shipboard electric plant design practice and historical shipboard power requirements are initially reviewed for basic reference. Power requirement forecasts for the next generation of ships are then established to suggest future electric plant designs. A comprehensive review of electric plant design issues is coupled with the future electric plant designs to define the developmental requirements of the electric plant in meeting the design challenge for the next generation of ships.

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Yedidia, J. M., and W. R. Sugnet. "Utility requirements for advanced LWR passive plants." Nuclear Engineering and Design 136, no. 1-2 (August 1992): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(92)90127-h.

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Alekseev, P. N., A. Yu Gagarinskii, N. N. Ponomarev-Stepnoi, and V. A. Sidorenko. "Requirements for 21st centry nuclear power plants." Atomic Energy 88, no. 1 (January 2000): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02673313.

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Kleynhans, R., J. G. Niederwieser, and E. Louw. "TEMPERATURE REQUIREMENTS FOR GOOD QUALITY LACHENALIA POT PLANTS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 813 (March 2009): 641–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2009.813.90.

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Oke, Adegoke. "Drivers of volume flexibility requirements in manufacturing plants." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 23, no. 12 (December 2003): 1497–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443570310506731.

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12

Korcak, R. F. "Satisfying and altering edaphic requirements for acidophilic plants." Journal of Plant Nutrition 10, no. 9 (June 1987): 1071–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904168709363635.

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13

Visser, J. H. "Germination requirements of some root-parasitic flowering plants." Naturwissenschaften 76, no. 6 (June 1989): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00368634.

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Nemali, Krishna S., and Marc W. van Iersel. "Water Requirements and Drought Tolerance of Bedding Plants." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 1115D—1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1115d.

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Optimal substrate volumetric water content (θ) and drought tolerance of impatiens, petunia, salvia, and vinca were investigated by growing plants under four constant levels of θ (0.09, 0.15, 0.22, and 0.32 m3·m-3). Gas exchange, quantum efficiency (ΦPSII), electron transport rate (ETR), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and leaf water potential (ϒ) were measured for all species, and response of photosynthesis (Pn) to internal CO2 concentration (Ci) was studied in petunia and salvia. Leaf photosynthesis (Pmax) was highest at a θ of 0.22 m3·m-3 for all species and did not differ between a θ of 0.15 and 0.22 m3·m-3 for vinca and petunia. The Pn-Ci response curves for petunia were almost identical at a θ of 0.22 and 0.15 m3·m-3. Regardless of species, ETR and ΦPSII were highest and NPQ was lowest at a θ of 0.22 m3·m-3. Based on these results, a θ of 0.22 m3·m-3 for salvia and impatiens and a slightly lower θ of 0.15 m3·m-3 for vinca and petunia, is optimal. Mean osmotic potential in all treatments was lower in vinca and salvia and resulted in higher turgor potential in these species than other species. Analysis of Pn-Ci response curves indicated that Pn at a θ of 0.09 m3·m-3 was limited by both gas phase (stomatal and boundary layer) and non-gas phase (mesophyll) resistance to CO2 transfer in salvia. At the lowest θ level, Pn in petunia was only limited by gas phase resistance, indicating that absence of mesophyll resistance during drought may play a role in the drought tolerance of petunia.

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Kremer, Peter. "The Prohibition of Mercury Discharges from Coal-Fired Power Stations under European Law." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 10, no. 2 (2013): 132–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18760104-01002003.

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Coal-fired power plants emit mercury trough the air and the water pathway into surface water. Often the occurring depositions from the air and air-soil pathway are higher then the direct depositions through the water pathway. The following article explores the question whether these depositions are in line with the Industry Emission Directive and the Water Framework directive. Whilst the IED does not contain emission limits, there are limitations via the phase-out requirement of the WFD and via the environmental quality standards for mercury contamination of biota in the daughter directive on priority hazardous substances. The phase-out requirement demands the cessation of mercury depositions by 23.12.2006. And based on the biota requirements any new deposition of mercury by coal power plants is inadmissible. These requirements do not only apply to the permission of new power plants, but also to existing plants.

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16

Sun, Youping, Sarah A. White, David Mann, and Jeffrey Adelberg. "Chilling Requirements to Break Dormancy of Veratrum californicum." HortScience 47, no. 12 (December 2012): 1710–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.12.1710.

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Veratrum californicum, a native of the western United States, has long been used in herbal medicine and now also has potential pharmaceutical uses. As a result of a projected increasing demand for V. californicum biomass for pharmaceutical purposes, the development of a chilling protocol for enhanced cultivation efficiency is needed. To study the effects of chilling on the growth of V. californicum, field-collected rhizomes with attached bulbs and roots were potted, stored at 10 °C for 2 weeks, and subsequently chilled at 5 °C for 30 to 180 days before transfer to a greenhouse or growth room. Twenty plants were transferred to the greenhouse every 30 days to observe growth. Ten plants were harvested at shoot emergence and the remaining 10 when leaves were fully expanded. In addition, 10 plants were transferred from 5 °C to a growth room every 30 days where net photosynthetic rates were measured. Longer chilling duration correlated with a reduction in days to shoot emergence and leaf expansion. The net photosynthetic rates of V. californicum plants chilled for 120, 150, or 180 days were higher than those of plants chilled for only 30, 60, or 90 days. Plants exposed to longer chilling durations were taller and had larger, more numerous leaves. Interestingly, V. californicum shoot emergence was also observed in the dark at 5 °C after the bulbs had been stored for 210 days. Growth of the root systems of plants was also observed during chilling. In conclusion, chilling was necessary at 5 °C for a minimum of 120 days to force early emergence and vigorous growth of V. californicum.

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Williams, Ingrid H., A. P. Martin, and R. P. White. "The pollination requirements of oil-seed rape (Brassica napus L.)." Journal of Agricultural Science 106, no. 1 (February 1986): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600061670.

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SUMMARYThe pollination requirements of three cultivars of winter and one of spring swede rape (Brassica napus), grown in a glasshouse, were compared. All cultivars yielded more when hand-pollinated than when auto-pollinated but were self-fertile and yielded equally well whether self- or cross-pollinated. In most cultivars plants that were shaken to simulate movement of plants by wind yielded more than autopollinated plants and not significantly differently from hand-pollinated plants. Handpollinating and shaking plants also increased the set of early flowers.

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Gabriëls, R., O. Verdonck, and O. Mekers. "SUBSTRATE REQUIREMENTS FOR POT PLANTS IN RECIRCULATING WATER CULTURE." Acta Horticulturae, no. 178 (March 1986): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1986.178.11.

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19

Zelysko, D., and Zh Kravchuk. "Current requirements for quality and standardization of medicinal plants." Agroecological journal, no. 2 (June 17, 2016): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2077-4893.2.2016.248315.

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Medicinal herbs and preparations from them are used in both developed and developing countries and represent a significant part of the global pharmaceutical market. Standardization is one of the most important mechanisms to ensure quality control of herbal medicines. The term «standardization» is used to describe all measures taken during the manufacturing process and quality control, leading to obtaining a product with reproducible quality. In order to receive high-quality herbal medicines, we must take care of all stages of production, since the proper identification and cultivation of plants, the season and the region of their collection and ending extraction and purification process of herbal medicines. The most widely used instrumental methods of analysis are chromatographic «fingerprinting», spectroscopic analysis and hybrid methods of analysis. In this review the majority of modern methods, approaches and trends in standardization of herbal medicines are characterized

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20

Hong, Chong-Hae. "Simplification of HACCP prerequisite requirements in meat packaging plants." Journal of the Preventive Veterinary Medicine 40, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.13041/jpvm.2016.40.1.39.

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21

Shah, Nilay, and Constantinos C. Pantelides. "Design of multipurpose batch plants with uncertain production requirements." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 31, no. 5 (May 1992): 1325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00005a013.

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22

Fountain, D. W., and H. A. Outred. "Germination requirements of New Zealand native plants: a review." New Zealand Journal of Botany 29, no. 3 (July 1991): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0028825x.1991.10416609.

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23

Vabrit, S., P. Kasearu, and U. Moor. "NEW BEDDING PLANTS AND REQUIREMENTS IN URBAN LANDSCAPE DESIGN." Acta Horticulturae, no. 541 (October 2000): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2000.541.14.

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Garber, M. P., and K. Bondari. "Trends in Plant Material Requirements of Landscape Architects." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 11, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-11.3.110.

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Abstract Landscape architects influence the demand for plant material when specifying plants for landscape projects. A survey of landscape architects in Georgia identified the value of plant material specified for nine plant-types: deciduous trees (> 3” caliper), deciduous trees ≤ 3” caliper), evergreen trees, coniferous shrubs, broadleaf shrubs, perennials/groundcovers, native herbaceous, bedding plants, and turf. As a plant category, trees represented the largest proportion of plant material, approximately 50% of the total value for all firms. With the exception of turf, landscape architects are expected to specify the same or greater value of plant material over the next five years, a positive economic sign for the nursery industry. The frequency of plant substitution due to lack of availability was greatest for the five plant-types generally produced as container nursery stock in Georgia; coniferous shrubs, broadleaf shrubs, perennials/ground covers, native herbaceous, and bedding plants. The two trends identified by landscape architects as most likely to affect the type of plants specified over the next five years are water availability and need for low maintenance landscapes.

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Whitman, Catherine M., and Erik S. Runkle. "Determining the Flowering Requirements of Two Aquilegia Cultivars." HortScience 47, no. 9 (September 2012): 1261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.9.1261.

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Flowering of the herbaceous perennial Aquilegia is generally considered to require vernalization after seedlings are mature, whereas photoperiod has little or no effect. We performed experiments to determine the flowering responses for two Aquilegia ×hybrida varieties, one of which reportedly has reduced cold requirements. Seedlings of Aquilegia ‘Origami Blue and White’ and ‘Winky Double Red and White’ with three to five leaves were either placed directly into a 5 °C cooler with low-intensity lighting for 9 hours/day or transplanted to 13-cm containers and grown (bulked) for 0, 3, or 6 weeks at 20 °C under 9-hour short days (SDs) or 16-h long days (LDs). Plants were then cooled at 5 °C for 0, 5, or 10 weeks and placed in a common forcing environment at 20 °C under LDs. Flowering response of the two cultivars differed markedly. All Aquilegia ‘Origami Blue and White’ plants placed directly into the forcing environment flowered and in a mean of 93 days. Flowering percentage of plants cooled in the plug tray decreased with increasing duration of cold treatment, and only 15% flowered after a 10-week cold treatment. All plants bulked for 3 or 6 weeks before cold treatment flowered after 25 to 36 days in the forcing environment. Adding bulking and forcing time together, time to flowering of ‘Origami Blue and White’ was complete and most rapid (62 days) when plants were bulked for 3 weeks under SDs and then forced under LDs. In contrast, no ‘Winky Double Red and White’ plants flowered without cold treatment, and 6 weeks of bulking followed by 10 weeks of cold was required for 100% flowering. These results indicate that ‘Origami Blue and White’ has a relatively short juvenile phase and flowering was promoted by SD bulking or cold treatment, whereas ‘Winky Double Red and White’ has a longer juvenile phase and requires cold for flowering.

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Alvarez, Erin, Sloane M. Scheiber, and David R. Sandrock. "Irrigation Requirements and Drought Response of Two Ornamental Grass Species." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1009B—1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1009b.

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Water use is the most important environmental issue facing the horticulture industry. As a result, many water management districts are recommending native plants for their putative low-water requirements. Numerous textbooks and trade journals claim native plants use less water than non-natives; however, previous research found no difference in water use efficiency in the field between native and non-native species. Furthermore, recommendations of ornamental grasses for use as low-maintenance and low-water-requiring landscape plants have recently escalated. This study evaluated non-native Miscanthus sinensis `Adagio' and the native Eragrostis spectabilis for irrigation requirements and drought response in a landscape setting. To simulate maximum stress, both species were planted into field plots in an open-sided, clear polyethylene covered shelter. Each species was irrigated on alternating days at 0, 0.25, 0.5, or 0.75 L for a 90-day period. Growth index and height were recorded at biweekly intervals, and final shoot and root dry masses were taken at completion of the study. Significant treatment and species effects were found for height, growth index, shoot dry weight, and biomass. Plants receiving 0.75 L of irrigation had the greatest growth, and non-irrigated plants grew significantly less. Comparisons between species found growth was greatest among Eragrostis spectabilis plants for all parameters.

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Levi, Amnon, Elizabeth Ogden, and Lisa J. Rowland. "INITIAL GENETIC LINKAGE MAP AND EXPERIMENTS TOWARD TAGGING GENES WHICH CONTROL CHILLING REQUIREMENT IN BLUEBERRY (VACCINIUM SPP.)." HortScience 30, no. 2 (April 1995): 193c—193. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.2.193c.

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Efforts are underway to develop genetic linkage maps for two interspecific blueberry populations (Vaccinium darrowi × V. elliottii and V. caesariense-derived populations). To date, 72 RAPD markers have been mapped, and another 200 markers have been identified as suitable for mapping in the V. darrowi × V. elliottii-derived population. Inheritance of 40 RAPD markers has been followed, and additional 40 RAPD markers have been identified as suitable for mapping in the V. darrowi × V. caesariense population. These two populations are comprised of individual plants that should have a wide range of chilling requirements. At a later date, plants will be classified according to their chilling requirements to identify RAPD markers that cosegregate with chilling requirements. Presently, a bulked-segregant analysis is being performed on a tetraploid breeding population (primarily V. corymbosum) to identify RAPD markers linked to chilling requirement genes.

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Capodaglio, Andrea G. "INTEGRAL CONTROL REQUIREMENTS FOR SEWERAGE SYSTEMS." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 1 (July 1, 1994): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0014.

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Sewerage systems and sewage treatment plants are often planned, designed and operated as totally separate entities. As a result, sewage treatment efficiency is subject to considerable variability, depending both on general hydrologic conditions in the urban watershed (wet versus dry periods), and on specific “instantaneous” operating conditions. It has been postulated that the integration of design and operation in urban drainage and wastewater treatment could allow minimization of the harmful effects of discharges from treatment plants, combined sewer overflows and surface runoff. This “ideal condition” can be achieved through the introduction of so-called “Real-Time Control” technology in sewerage collection and treatment operations. This paper examines the requirements of a hypothetical integrated sewer flow and sewage treatment model, the mathematical tools used to design and operate Real-Time Control systems, and the issues emerging from an integration of the conveyance and disposal aspects of the sewerage cycle.

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Kuzlyakina, Yu A., Z. A. Yurchak, and B. D. Baskhamdzhieva. "Legislative requirements for ensuring labor safety at meat processing plants." Vsyo o myase, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2071-2499-2019-1-12-17.

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Ismaen, Rabah, Tarek Y. El Mekkawy, Shaligram Pokharel, and Mohammed Al-Salem. "System requirements and optimization of multi-chillers district cooling plants." Energy 246 (May 2022): 123349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.123349.

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Cveticanin, L., and S. Opricovic. "Multi-criteria Decision Based on Safety Requirements in Water Plants." Engineering Management Reviews 4 (2015): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14355/emr.2015.04.003.

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Ali, Ali, Haitham Shaheen, Mesaa Shash, and Bashar Zedan. "Electrochemical treatment of raw water for thermal power plants requirements." Association of Arab Universities Journal of Engineering Sciences 27, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33261/jaaru.2020.27.2.013.

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In this research electrochemical treatment was used to treat Al-Sin water that feed Banias thermal station boilers for generate electricity. The effect of the operating parameters such as type of electrodes, initial pH,inter electrode distance, electrolysis time and current density on the effectiveness of electrochemical processing were studied in reducing the concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS), NaCl concentration, and electrical conductivity. The experiments were carried out in a batch mode. Results revealed that in the optimum conditions (current density=500A/m2, distance between electrodes =10mm) the total dissolved solids, conductivity, and NaCl concentration were reduced by (97%), (94%) and (92%) respectively after one hour of treatment process by using aluminum electrodes.

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Schumacher, Sandra, Martin Kleinmann, and Klaus G. Melchers. "Job requirements for control room jobs in nuclear power plants." Safety Science 49, no. 3 (March 2011): 394–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2010.10.002.

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Awais, Fawad, Jonas Flodén, and Martin Svanberg. "Logistic characteristics and requirements of Swedish wood biofuel heating plants." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 138 (March 2021): 110650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110650.

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G. A. Clark, E. E. Albregts, C. D. Stanley, A. G. Smajstrla, and F. S. Zazueta. "Water Requirements and Crop Coefficients of Drip-irrigated Strawberry Plants." Transactions of the ASAE 39, no. 3 (1996): 905–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.27575.

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Palm, C. A. "Contribution of agroforestry trees to nutrient requirements of intercropped plants." Agroforestry Systems 30, no. 1-2 (May 1995): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00708916.

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Herbas, T. B., E. A. Dalvi, and J. A. R. Parise. "Heat recovery from refrigeration plants: Meeting load and temperature requirements." International Journal of Refrigeration 13, no. 4 (July 1990): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-7007(90)90039-y.

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G. Landera, Yandi, Oscar C. Zevallos, Rafael C. Neto, Jose F. da Costa Castro, and Francisco A. S. Neves. "A Review of Grid Connection Requirements for Photovoltaic Power Plants." Energies 16, no. 5 (February 21, 2023): 2093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16052093.

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The increasing rate of renewable energy penetration in modern power grids has prompted updates to the regulations, standards, and grid codes requiring ancillary services provided by photovoltaic-generating units similar to those applied to conventional generating units. In this work, a comprehensive survey presents a comparison of requirements related to voltage ride through reactive current injection/absorption; active power restoration; frequency stability regulation and active power control; voltage regulation and reactive power control; and the energy quality requisites included in the standards and grid codes of countries around the globe. The survey can be used to observe the differences between the requirements established in the grid codes depending on the power system operating characteristics, development of technology, and renewable energy penetration level. Many of these factors determine the parameters used to establish requisites for different grid codes, making a global standardization of the renewable energy interconnection requirements much harder.

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Feldman, William R., and Alex X. Niemiera. "WATER REQUIREMENTS OF GROUNDCOVER SPECIES IN CENTRAL ARIZONA." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1094a—1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1094a.

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Determination of water needed for good function of established groundcovers in the Southwest is important in creating well-adapted, sustainable urban landscapes in this semi-arid region. Myoporum parvifolium from Australia and Dalea greggi from the Chihuahua Desert were tested at 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of evaporation from an adjacent class A pan. Myoporum grew most at the higher irrigation regimes, but actually performed best at the lowest irrigation level, growing less than those given more water, but showing better color and vigor. Infrared leaf temperature data showed that lowest irrigation regime plants still transpired actively and had cool leaves. With Dalea, growth was directly related to water applied, with the most growth at the 100% treatment. All plants survived, but the lowest irrigation regime plants were sparse and showed definite signs of water stress. Infrared temperature measurements indicated increasing water stress as water applied decreased. At treatment onset, the Dalea had not completely covered the soil surface, so 75% of pan evaporation can be considered adequate for establishment of Dalea.

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Miller, J. J., B. J. Read, D. J. Wentz, and D. J. Heaney. "Chemical composition of plants associated with saline sites in Alberta in relation to mineral requirements for beef cattle." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 76, no. 3 (September 1, 1996): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas96-056.

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Plant samples were collected from 102 saline sites in Alberta from 1990 to 1993 to determine major element and trace element concentrations in relation to mineral requirements for beef cattle. Zinc concentrations were most frequently (94%) below the minimum requirement for beef cattle, followed by Cu (92%), Se (87%), Na (49%), Mn (29%), K (21%), Mg (3%), Fe (1%) and S (1%). The element most frequently exceeding the maximum tolerable level for beef cattle was S (20%), followed by Mg (17%), Al (5%), Fe (5%) and Mo (1%). Beef cattle consuming plants from saline areas of Alberta are more likely to experience potential deficiencies than toxicities of chemical elements required for adequate nutrition. Key words: Major elements, trace elements, plants, saline areas, mineral requirements, beef cattle

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Николенко, S. Nikolenko, Сазонова, Svetlana Sazonova, Манохин, and M. Manokhin. "ENSURING EXPLOSION AND FIRE SAFETY AND SAFETY AT ASPHALT PLANTS." Modeling of systems and processes 9, no. 2 (December 21, 2016): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23657.

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Ivanitskiy, Maxim. "Technical regulations of emissions from thermal power plants." Energy Safety and Energy Economy 1 (February 2022): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18635/2071-2219-2022-1-5-9.

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Principles of environmental safety rules and regulations controlling power generation companies should support compliance with current requirements for limiting air pollutant emissions. This paper analyzes requirements coming from government or technology and limiting greenhouse gas emissions and managing climate change. Thermal power engineers can use these research results preparing comprehensive environmental permits or energy efficiency program development as well as for participation in a government experiment on emission taxation.

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Aji, Adam Hastara, Adi Wibowo, Mangapul Parlindungan Tambunan, and Dennish Ari Putro. "Projection of The Effect of Climate Change on Crop Water Requirements for Rice Plants in Majalengka Regency." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1111, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1111/1/012021.

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Abstract Climate change significantly impacted climate conditions and crop water requirements in the Majalengka Regency, a super-priority location related to climate resilience in the agricultural sector. In dealing with the impacts of climate change, the relationship between crop water requirements to climate change could be projected using the General Circulations Model with scenarios of RCP 4.5 (medium-light change) combined with the CROPWAT 8.0 model. This study aimed to determine the effect of climate change and the crop water requirements for rice plants in the three districts with the broadest rice fields in the Majalengka Regency from 2021-2025. This research found that climatic conditions in Majalengka Regency between the year 2021-2025 experienced changes in the average temperature, where the average temperature decreased in 2022 but continued to increase in 2023-2025 with an increase of 0.1°C- 0.24°C. Then from 2023-2025, the average maximum temperature increases by 0.39°C-0.47°C. On the contrary, the total rainfall each year decreased compared to 2021. Based on the calculations, the crop water requirement was always higher than adequate rainfall, so irrigation water was needed. The highest irrigation water requirement had a discharge value of 10.45 l/sec/ha.

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Lampert, C. "Selected requirements on a sustainable nutrient management." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 1 (July 1, 2003): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0039.

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Nutrients are a limited resource and call for management. A sustainable nutrient management strategy reintegrates nutrients in the environment without accumulating harmful substances above an acceptable level. In this study a methodology to assess the environmental compatibility was developed. For this assessment both the (i) enrichment of pollutants in the soils and (ii) the area specific nutrient demand of the crops were taken into account. The method considers, that products applied on soils also contain stable substances, and as a consequence the accumulation of pollutants diminishes. Additionally, it is considered, that increasing substance concentrations in the soil will lead to an increase of substance flows out of the soil by percolation, plant-removal (and erosion). In practice long term management strategies are restricted by the time span considered, the accepted accumulation of substances, the plants real needs and legal constraints. The rating of various goods can be made with the ratio of the added nutrients, considering the pollution criteria, the legal constraints and the plants real needs.

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Bush, E. W., D. A. Wall, and M. L. Robbins. "WATER QUALITY AFFECTS CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM REQUIREMENTS FOR AZALEA GROWING MEDIUM." HortScience 26, no. 5 (May 1991): 496c—496. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.5.496c.

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Calcium and magnesium medium requirements were investigated for the production of container-grown `Formosa' azalea irrigated with filtered and unfiltered deep well water. Four inch `Formosa' azalea plants were planted into 3.8 liter containers filled with an amended 4:1(v,v) pinebark:sand growing medium. Calcium and magnesium treatments were supplied by either dolomitic lime or gypsum + epsom salt at three rates. Plants irrigated with good quality water produced excellent quality plants regardless of Ca/Mg treatment. Alkaline well water containing moderate sodium levels inhibited azalea root growth. Medium amended with gypsum + epsom salt produced significantly better quality plants than did medium with dolomitic lime during 157 days of deep well irrigation. Medium pH and Na levels were significantly higher in the control treatment than in the filtered well water treatment. Growth effects of calcium and magnesium treatments were dependent upon water quality and time length of treatment.

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McCallum, Marvin C., Jennifer Morgan, Joseph Y. Yasutake, and Hachiro Isoda. "Procedures Software Tool Requirements Analysis." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 16 (October 1993): 1096–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129303701612.

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This paper describes a recently completed project conducted to identify functional requirements and software features of a Procedure Software Tool (PST) to be used as an aid in the preparation of written maintenance procedures in nuclear power plants. Results discussed include an overview of functional requirements and software features that address problems in procedure use and the process of procedure development. An overview of the recommended PST development process is also provided, along with a summary of the estimated benefits of PST development. Finally, potential applications in the nuclear industry, as well as other industries, are discussed.

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Kemmou, Liana, Georgios Samiotis, and Elisavet Amanatidou. "Oxygen requirements in relation to sludge age in wastewater treatment plants." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 899, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/899/1/012070.

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Abstract Sustainability of activated sludge (AS) wastewater treatment processes is inexplicably linked to minimization of secondary wastes, such as waste sludge, as well as energy requirements for achieving effluent quality standards. Oxygen requirements and waste sludge management accounts for most of energy consumption in aerobic AS wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In this study, a novel, highly aerobic AS process, entitled complete solids retention AS process (CRAS), is being evaluated in terms of waste sludge production and biomass oxygen utilization rate. Aim of this work is to study the effect of solids retention time (SRT) on observed sludge yields and on oxygen requirements for respiration in order to evaluate CRAS process as a sustainable alternative to typical activated sludge processes.

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Wei, Heyi, Wenhua Jiang, Xuejun Liu, and Bo Huang. "A Digital Framework to Predict the Sunshine Requirements of Landscape Plants." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (February 27, 2021): 2098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052098.

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Knowledge of the sunshine requirements of landscape plants is important information for the adaptive selection and configuration of plants for urban greening, and is also a basic attribute of plant databases. In the existing studies, the light compensation point (LCP) and light saturation point (LSP) have been commonly used to indicate the shade tolerance for a specific plant; however, these values are difficult to adopt in practice because the landscape architect does not always know what range of solar radiation is the best for maintaining plant health, i.e., normal growth and reproduction. In this paper, to bridge the gap, we present a novel digital framework to predict the sunshine requirements of landscape plants. First, the research introduces the proposed framework, which is composed of a black-box model, solar radiation simulation, and a health standard system for plants. Then, the data fitting between solar radiation and plant growth response is used to obtain the value of solar radiation at different health levels. Finally, we adopt the LI-6400XT Portable Photosynthetic System (Li-Cor Inc., Lincoln, NE, USA) to verify the stability and accuracy of the digital framework through 15 landscape plant species of a residential area in the city of Wuhan, China, and also compared and analyzed the results of other researchers on the same plant species. The results show that the digital framework can robustly obtain the values of the healthy, sub-healthy, and unhealthy levels for the 15 landscape plant species. The purpose of this study is to provide an efficient forecasting tool for large-scale surveys of plant sunshine requirements. The proposed framework will be beneficial for the adaptive selection and configuration of urban plants and will facilitate the construction of landscape plant databases in future studies.

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Scheu, Christina, Florian Kauffmann, Gernot Zies, Karl Maile, Stefan Straub, and Karl-Heinz Mayer. "Requirements for microstructural investigations of steels used in modern power plants." Zeitschrift für Metallkunde 96, no. 6 (June 2005): 653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/146.101084.

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Heinz Schilcher, P. Dr. "QUALITY REQUIREMENTS AND QUALITY STANDARDS FOR MEDICINAL, AROMATIC AND SPICE PLANTS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 249 (September 1989): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1989.249.3.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Plants Requirements'

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