Journal articles on the topic 'Plant P status'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Plant P status.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Plant P status.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Khan, Musharaf, and Shahana Musharaf. "Ethnomedicinal and Conservation Status of Plant Species in Tehsil Takht Bhai, District Mardan, Pakistan." International Letters of Natural Sciences 37 (April 3, 2015): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-qzyv33.
Full textAbstract:
The study was design to draw attention to correlation of locals with plants and their conservation status. The research work was carried out in tehsil Takht Bhai, district Mardan during 2008-2010. Fieldwork was conducted using an arrangement of interviews, questioners and personal observation. The IUCN 2001, Red Data List Categories and Criteria was used to determine the conservation status of plants. The present study documents the ethno medicinal and conservation status of 34 plant species belonging to 20 families. Among these 12 species were found to be rare, vulnerable (11 species), endangered (9 species) and Infrequent (2 species). From this study we have concluded that most plant species are going to become endangered and no one plant specie was found dominant because the natural vegetation area was change into urbanization and agricultural reason
2
Henningsen, Jon Niklas, Bruno Maximilian Görlach, Victoria Fernández, Jasper Lauritz Dölger, Andreas Buhk, and Karl Hermann Mühling. "Foliar P Application Cannot Fully Restore Photosynthetic Capacity, P Nutrient Status, and Growth of P Deficient Maize (Zea mays L.)." Plants 11, no. 21 (November 5, 2022): 2986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212986.
Full textAbstract:
The essential plant nutrient phosphorus (P) is key for numerous structures and processes in crops and its deficiency can severely restrict yield and quality. As soil P availability for plant uptake is often limited, foliar P application can be an alternative means of supplying P to the plants during the growth period. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of foliar P application on photosynthetic parameters, P nutritional status, and growth of P deficient maize over time. Plants of Zea mays L. cv. Keops were grown with deficient and sufficient amounts of P in hydroponics. Foliar P treatments were applied to P deficient plants and several physiological parameters were monitored for 21 days. The variables measured were leaf gas exchange parameters, SPAD values, foliar P absorption, re-translocation rates, and plant biomass production. Foliar P application significantly increased CO2-assimilation and SPAD values and additionally enhanced biomass production in all plant components. Elemental analysis revealed increased tissue P concentrations following foliar P application compared to P deficient plants. While increased growth of P-deficient plants was steadily promoted by foliar P spraying for the entire experimental period, the positive effect on CO2 assimilation and P concentration was transient and vanished some days after the foliar treatment. P deficiency markedly impaired the efficiency of physiological processes of maize plants. As a conclusion, foliar P fertilisation improved physiological and agronomical plant parameters over time, but failed to restore plant functionality of P deficient maize plants during a prolonged experimental period.
3
Rossi, Raffaella, Telma Tucci, Alessia Giordano, Pierangelo Moretti, and Carlo Corino. "Dietary brown seaweed and plant polyphenols in hyperprolific sows: Productive performance, blood parameters and antioxidant status." Czech Journal of Animal Science 67, No. 12 (December 20, 2022): 493–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/98/2022-cjas.
Full textAbstract:
This study evaluated the productive performance, blood parameters and antioxidant status of hyperprolific sows fed control diet or diet supplemented with brown seaweed and polyphenol mixture (SPM). Ninety-six farrowing highly prolific sows (Topigs 20) were assigned to two dietary treatments from day 107 ± 2 days of gestation until weaning: control diet and the same diet containing 15 g/day of SPM. Sows fed SPM diet tended to have lower backfat losses (P = 0.06) than control sows. No difference was observed in daily feed intake. No difference in litter birth weight or number of piglets per litter was observed. In sows fed SPM, average daily gain and weaning body weight of piglets were increased (P < 0.05). Haematochemical parameters, haptoglobin and blood total antiradical activity were not affected (P > 0.05) by dietary treatment. The paraoxonase-1 activity was higher (P < 0.05) in SPM sows than in the control. At the subsequent farrowing, the total number of piglets born was higher (P < 0.05) in sows fed SPM than in the control. Overall, these data suggest that dietary plant polyphenols and brown seaweeds improved the weaning weight of piglets and the total number of piglets born at the subsequent farrowing, modulating oxidative stress in lactating highly prolific sows.
4
Siemer, B. L., and P. M. Pedersen. "The taxonomic status of Pilayella littoralis, P. varia and P. macrocarpa (Pilayellaceae, Fucophyceae)." Phycologia 34, no. 4 (July 1995): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-34-4-257.1.
Full text
5
Hernita, Desi, Rhoedy Poerwanto, Anas D. Susila, and S. Anwar. "Penetapan Rekomendasi Pemupukan N, P, dan K Tanaman Duku Berdasarkan Analisis Daun." Jurnal Hortikultura 22, no. 4 (October 3, 2016): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jhort.v22n4.2012.p376-384.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Duku mempunyai perakaran yang dalam, sehingga sulit untuk memperoleh sampel tanah yang representatif pada daerah tersebut, sehingga lebih tepat menggunakan analisis daun. Status hara daun merupakan gambaran status hara aktual dalam tanah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan kategori status hara N, P, dan K, serta rekomendasi pemupukan optimum berdasarkan status hara tersebut pada tanaman duku. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Kumpeh Ulu, Kabupaten Muaro, Jambi pada Bulan Desember 2008 sampai dengan April 2012. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan acak kelompok dengan lima ulangan. Perlakuan dosis pupuk N (0, 400, 800, 1.200, dan 1.600 g N) , P (0, 500, 1.000, 1.500, dan 2.000 g P2O5), K (0,600, 1.200, 1.800, dan 2.400 g K2O/tanaman/tahun). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status hara N sangat rendah (< 1,81%), rendah (1,81 ≤ N < 2,82%), dan sedang (≥ 2,82%), status hara P sangat rendah (< 0,09%), rendah (0,09 ≤ P < 0,17%), dan sedang (≥ 0,17%), serta status hara K sangat rendah (< 1,16%), rendah (1,16 ≤ K < 2,19%), dan sedang (≥ 2,19%). Rekomendasi pemupukan pada tanaman duku untuk status hara sangat rendah yaitu 858 g N, 1.770 g P2O5, dan 1.900 g K2O/tanaman/tahun, untuk status hara rendah, 588 g N, 1.335 g P2O5, dan 1.107 g K2O/tanaman/tahun, sedangkan berdasarkan pendekatan multinutrien 920 g N, 1.565 g P2O5, dan 1.488 g K2O/tanaman/tahun (biaya produksi terendah). Rekomendasi pemupukan N, P, dan K berdasarkan analisis daun dapat diterapkan pada pertanaman duku di Indonesia dan meningkatkan produksi serta kualitas buah duku.</p><p> </p><p>Duku has been deep roots making it difficult to obtain a representative sample of soil at the root zone, so the more appropriate used of leaf analysis. Leaf nutrient status was picture of the actual nutrient status of the soil. The aimed of this study was to determine leaf N, P, K level category and recommendation study determine the optimum fertilizer rate for each nutrient level category on duku plant. The experiment was conducted at Kumpeh Ulu District, Muaro Jambi Regency, in Jambi Province, from December 2008 to April 2012. Each treatments were arranged in randomized block design with five replications. The treatments were N (0, 400, 800, 1,200, 1,600 g N/plant/year), P (0, 500, 1,000, 1,500, 2,000 g P2O5/plant/year), and K (0, 600, 1,200, 1,800, 2,400 g K2O/plant/year). The results showed that leaf nutrient status of N was very low (< 1.81%), low (1.81 ≤ N < 2.82%), and medium (≥ 2.82%), status of P was very low (< 0.09%), low (0.09 ≤ P < 0.17%), and medium (≥ 0.17%); status of K was very low (< 1.16%), low (1.16 ≤ K < 2.19%), and medium (≥ 2.19%). Fertilizer recommendation rate on duku plant for very low nutrient status were 858 g N, 1,770 g P2O5, and 1,900 g K2O/plant/year, low nutrient status were 588 g N, 1,335 g P2O5, and 1,107 g K2O/plant/year, multinutrient approach were 920 g N, 1,565 g P2O5, dan 1,488 g K2O/plant/year (lower production cost). Recommendation of fertilizer N, P, and K based on leaves analysis can be applied on duku in Indonesia and increase production and fruit quality of duku.</p>
6
Reid, Jeff B., Stephen N. Trolove, Yong Tan, and Denis Curtin. "Does soil anion storage capacity affect plant response to Olsen P status?" New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 48, no. 3 (March 30, 2020): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01140671.2020.1741401.
Full text
7
Pournourmohammadi, S., P. Khazaeli, S. Eslamizad, A. Tajvar, A. Mohammadirad, and M. Abdollahi. "Study on the oxidative stress status among cement plant workers." Human & Experimental Toxicology 27, no. 6 (June 2008): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327108094956.
Full textAbstract:
The cement industry is considered as a major pollution problem because of dust and particulate matter emitted at various steps of cement production. In the present study, volunteer male workers from a cement factory were studied for oxidative and nitrosative stress biomarkers in relation to their serum levels of aluminum (Al) and chromium (Cr). The subjects were divided into two groups of direct and indirect exposure. Subject who worked in production steps were considered as direct exposure group, and those who worked in administration building were considered as indirect exposure group. For comparison, healthy subjects at the same age and socioeconomic status were tested as a control group. Serum levels of lipid peroxidation (LP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total thiol molecules (TTM), and nitric oxide (NO) as well as Al and Cr were measured. The results indicated a significant increase in Al ( P = 0.001) and Cr ( P = 0.009) levels in direct-exposed workers in comparison to healthy control group. Further, a significant increase in Al ( P = 0.002) and Cr ( P = 0.009) levels was observed in direct-exposed workers as compared to indirect-exposed one. Serum levels of TTM and TAC were significantly lower in both direct- and indirect-exposed groups in comparison to healthy control group ( P = 0.00). Serum TTM and TAC were significantly lower in direct-exposed workers as compared to indirect-exposed ones ( P = 0.00 and P = 0.024, respectively). There was no significant difference on the level of LP and NO among groups. A correlation was found between serum level of Cr, TAC, and platelets between direct- and indirect-exposed groups ( P < 0.05). Further correlation was found among serum level of Cr and those of TTM, platelets, and chronic disease ( P < 0.05). Chronic disease had a significant influence adjusted to other predictor variables on the post-shift values of Al ( P < 0.05). Although plasma levels of Al and Cr were found in normal ranges, analyses confirm their role in impairment of TMM and TAC.
8
Assimiou, Adou Rahim Alimi, and Léon E. Parent. "Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis of the P Status in Potato Crops." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 863D—863. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.863d.
Full textAbstract:
In Quebec, potato crops are largely grown on light acid soils altered by podzolization. In the plow layer, abundance of sesquioxides, low pH and low organic matter content produce high P-fixing capacity. Liming to pH not exceeding 5.6, organic matter additions and banding of P fertilizers are practices to improve the P status in the soil–plant system. Plant response to treatments could be diagnosed by yield evaluation and foliar analysis. Agricultural lime, dolomitic limestone and basalt were applied to an acid soil (pH 4.6). Ordinary superphosphate, biosuperphosphate, triple superphosphate, and diammonium phosphate impregnated with humic peat were banded at two rates. Highest tuber yield was 40 t·ha–1. There was no response to liming materials as pH did not exceed 4.9. There was a significant response to P fertilizers. Nutrient balance assessment of the foliage by Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis indicated a critical “d” value of 1.5 and a critical P index of 0.8.
9
Pinkerton, A., K. Spencer, and AG Govaars. "Assessment of the phosphorus status of oilseed rape by plant analysis." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 6 (1989): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890861.
Full textAbstract:
Phosphorus (P) concentrations in young plants of rapeseed (Brassica napus cv. Wesway) were related to seed and oil yields to develop a tissue test for the diagnosis of P deficiency. Critical P concentrations were defined as those concentrations required to sustain 90% of maximum yield. In 2 field experiments in successive seasons on a P-deficient soil, rates of triple superphosphate from 2.5 to 120 kg/ha were banded with the seed. The lowest P concentration in young shoots (17-19 weeks from sowing) associated with a P supply that was adequate for plant growth was approximately 0.31%. The youngest fully-expanded leaf was a reliable plant part to sample, its P concentration being about 0.05% lower than the concentration of the whole shoot. Critical P concentrations in young plants for sustaining 90% of maximum seed and oil yields were higher, namely 0.33 and 0.28% for whole shoots and youngest fully-expanded leaves respectively. The critical P concentration in seeds was about 0.35%.
10
Crase, Beth, Angus Duguid, Raymond Nelson Pengart, Paddy Willis Jakamarra, Laurie Price Angal, Margaret Scobie Pengart, and Aggie Woods Kemarr. "Distribution and Conservation Status of the Giant Sweet Potato, a Rare Aboriginal Food Plant from Central Australia." Northern Territory Naturalist 22 (November 2010): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.295482.
Full text
11
Acevedo-Opazo, César, Bruno Tisseyre, Hernán Ojeda, Samuel Ortega-Farias, and Serge Guillaume. "Is it possible to assess the spatial variability of vine water status?" OENO One 42, no. 4 (December 31, 2008): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2008.42.4.811.
Full textAbstract:
<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: Plant water status monitoring during the vineyard growth cycle constitutes a basic parameter for both harvest quality and vineyard management. Unfortunately, the plant water status measurement requires skills and heavy devices which drastically limit the number of repetitions either in space or in time. Moreover, due to the significant spatial variability in viticulture, extrapolation of one local measurement to a larger scale, vine field or vineyard, is difficult. Therefore, the design of tools and methods to characterize and to assess the spatial variability of plant water status constitutes a big challenge. The aim of this paper is to propose an approach allowing the spatial variability of the plant water status to be assessed.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: This work proposes a complete literature review of previous works using different approaches to assess the vine water status. Based on this review, it leads to a conceptual approach considering the Spatial (S) and Temporal (T) variability of the plant water status assessment at a whole vineyard scale. This paper is divided into three sections: (i) description of plant water status reference methods based on direct measurements on the plant, (ii) plant water status assessment methods based on auxiliary information (i.e. weather, soil and plant vegetative expression), and finally (iii) a proposal for combining local reference measurement and auxiliary information to characterize the spatial variability of the vine water status at the vineyard scale.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Taking into account restrictive assumptions, this paper points out the possibility to provide relevant spatial assessment of the vine water status. This possibility is illustrated with a simple example.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the results</strong>: This work gives an answer to the significant problem of vine water status assessment over space. It proposes an approach based on high spatial resolution auxiliary information to extrapolate a measurement (PLWP or SWP) made at a given time on a reference site. This proposal determines the different steps for further investigations aiming at proposing a spatial model of vine water status.</p>
12
Khan, Musharaf, Abdurehman, Farrukh Hussain, Zabta Khan Shinwari, and Shahana Musharaf. "Ethnomedicinal and Conservation Status of Herbs in Tehsil Banda Daud Shah, District Karak, Pakistan." International Letters of Natural Sciences 20 (July 23, 2014): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-u106uw.
Full textAbstract:
The present study documents the ethnomedicinal and conservation status of 91 herbs belonging to 81 genera and 66 families in tehsil Banda Daud Shah during 2012-2013. The information about conservation and ethnobotanical was collected through questioners and personal interviews during fieldwork using the IUCN 2001, Red Data List Categories and Criteria. Among these 36 species were found to be rare, vulnerable (30 species), infrequent (13 species), endangered (8 species) and dominant (4 species). From the present investigation we concluded that most plant species are going to become endangered because the natural vegetation area was change into urbanization.
13
Cowie, I. D. "Notes on the identity, distribution and conservation status of the threatened plant species 'Utricularia singeriana' F. Muell. (Lentibulariaceae)." Beagle : Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 26 (December 2010): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.287468.
Full text
14
VAN DONKERSGOED, JOYCE, KLAUS W. F. JERICHO, HEIDI GROGAN, and BEN THORLAKSON. "Preslaughter Hide Status of Cattle and the Microbiology of Carcasses." Journal of Food Protection 60, no. 12 (December 1, 1997): 1502–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-60.12.1502.
Full textAbstract:
An assessment was made of the association between tag (mud, bedding, and manure) attached to hides of beef cattle at slaughter and bacterial deposition on carcasses. A total of 624 carcasses from 52 lots of cattle in southern Alberta from January to June 1996 were studied at a high-line-speed abattoir (HLSP) which processed 285 carcasses per h and at a slow-line-speed abattoir (SLSP) which processed 135 carcasses per h. Tag was quantitatively assessed on the belly, legs, and sides of 12 carcasses per lot by the same project worker (lot tag score) and for each incoming lot of cattle by plant personnel (plant lot tag score). Swabs (approximately 10 by 10 cm) were taken from the medial rump and sacrum immediately after hide removal and from the brisket and top of shoulder after carcass splitting. These samples were pooled for each carcass and aerobic mesophilic bacteria, coliforms, and Escherichia coli were enumerated. The lot bacterial count was calculated by averaging the individual bacterial results of the 12 carcasses in a lot. At the HLSP, the lot side scores and the plant lot tag scores were negatively associated (P < 0.05) with the aerobic bacteria, coliforms, and E. coli. Counts were lower when tag was shaven off of the hides or when the line speed was slowed, but the reductions in counts were less than 0.5 log10/cm2. At the SLSP, the lot belly score was negatively associated (P < 0.003) with the aerobic bacterial counts. Neither the lot tag score nor the plant lot tag score were associated (P > 0.05) with the bacterial counts. Surface wetness of the hides was weakly (P < 0.05) associated with coli forms and E. coli counts. This study indicates that there is no consistent association between lot tag scores, plant lot tag scores, and bacterial contamination of carcasses. Changes in bacterial counts when associated with lot tag scores, plant lot tag scores, surface wetness of hides, line speed, or shaving off of tag were generally less than 0.5 log10/cm2. Thus, these variables are individually assessed as control points, but not critical control points of HACCP plans for the prevailing beef slaughter processes (including line speed adjustment at the HLSP) at the two plants studied.
15
Baroowa, B., and N. Gogoi. "Changes in Plant Water Status, Biochemical Attributes and Seed Quality of Black Gram and Green Gram Genotypes under Drought." International Letters of Natural Sciences 42 (July 7, 2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-24wq2e.
Full textAbstract:
Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses which adversely affect crop growth and production worldwide as water is vital for every aspect of plant growth and development. The present experiment was carried out during the growing seasons (September – December) of 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the response of black gram (Vigna mungo L.) and green gram (Vigna radiata L.) in terms of some important growth indices, biochemical traits and seed quality under drought stress. Four commonly grown genotypes - T9, KU 301(black gram) and Pratap, SG 21-5 (green gram) of Assam, India were grown in a randomized block design with three replications under stress and non-stress conditions. Stress was applied by withholding irrigation for fifteen consecutive days at vegetative, flowering and pod filling stages. Leaf area index (LAI), seed protein content and protein yield significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.01) whereas proline, total flavonoids and anthocyanin content increased significantly (p ≤ 0.01) in response to water deficiency. Among the studied genotypes, T9 and Pratap showed better tolerance capacity towards the applied drought by presenting higher values of LAI, plant height stress tolerance index (PHSI), dry matter stress tolerance index (DMSI), proline, total flavonoids, anthocyanin, lower percentage of chlorophyll degradation and finally producing high quality seeds.
16
Debnath, Abhijit, N. Jim Barrow, Debjani Ghosh, and Harisadhan Malakar. "Diagnosing P status and P requirement of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) by leaf and soil analysis." Plant and Soil 341, no. 1-2 (November 16, 2010): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0645-2.
Full text
17
Zhang, Lei, Mingcheng Wang, Tao Ma, and Jianquan Liu. "Taxonomic status of Populus wulianensis and P. ningshanica (Salicaceae)." PhytoKeys 108 (September 10, 2018): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.108.25600.
Full textAbstract:
Species delimitation in the genusPopulusis particularly challenging due to high levels of intraspecific polymorphism as well as frequent interspecific hybridisation and introgression. In this study, we aimed to examine the taxonomic status ofPopulusningshanicaandP.wulianensisusing an integrative taxonomy that considers multiple operational criteria. We carried out morphometric analyses of leaf traits and genetic examinations (including sequence variations at five barcoding DNAs and polymorphisms at 14 nuclear microsatellite SSR primers) at the population level between them and two closely related speciesP.adenopodaandP.davidiana. Results suggest thatP.wulianensisbelongs to the polymorphic species,P.adenopodaand should be considered as a synonym of the latter.P.ningshanicamay have arisen as a result on the hybridisation betweenP.adenopodaandP.davidianaand therefore should be treated asP.×ningshanica. This study highlights the importance of the integrated evidence in taxonomic decisions of the disputed species.
18
Simonneau, T., E. Lebon, A. Coupel-Ledru, E. Marguerit, L. Rossdeutsch, and N. Ollat. "Adapting plant material to face water stress in vineyards: which physiological targets for an optimal control of plant water status?" OENO One 51, no. 2 (May 15, 2017): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2016.0.0.1870.
Full textAbstract:
<p class="Abstract" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims:</strong> Water scarcity, associated with climate change, is a particular threat to the sustainability of viticulture in present areas of cultivation, usually prone to drought. Breeding grapevine for reduced water use, better water extraction and maintained production (i.e., high water use efficiency) is therefore of major interest.</p><p class="Abstract" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results:</strong> This requires a comprehensive knowledge of the physiological impacts of drought on yield and quality. Attention should be paid to those mechanisms involved in the regulation of water status in plant tissues, as it is the primary parameter affected by drought. Transpiration rate, which has a major influence on plant water status, should therefore receive special attention in breeding programs. Beyond scions, the role of rootstocks, which have been largely introduced in vineyards, should be investigated further as it determines water extraction capacity and could modify water balance in grafted plants.</p><p class="Abstract" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Here we review recent advances in the characterization of genetic variability in the control of water use and water status, whether induced by rootstock or scion.</p><p class="Abstract" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study: </strong>This review should help scientists in choosing the relevant physiological targets in their research on grapevine tolerance to drought, whether for breeding prospects or new management practices.</p>
19
Shabnam, Rubya, and Md Toufiq Iqbal. "Understanding phosphorus status and P translocation within wheat plant in a split-root system." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE (EJSS) 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18393/ejss.334868.
Full text
20
Brédoire, F., M. R. Bakker, L. Augusto, P. A. Barsukov, D. Derrien, P. Nikitich, O. Rusalimova, B. Zeller, and D. L. Achat. "What is the P value of Siberian soils?" Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 23 (December 11, 2015): 19819–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-19819-2015.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Climate change is particularly strong in Northern Eurasia and substantial ecological changes are expected in this wide region. The reshaping and the migration northward of bioclimatic zones may offer opportunities for agriculture development in western and central Siberia. However, the bioclimatic vegetation models currently employed for projections still do not consider soil fertility whereas it is highly critical for plant growth. In the present study, we surveyed the phosphorus (P) status in the south-west of Siberia where soils are developed on loess parent material. We selected six sites differing by pedoclimate conditions and sampled the soil at different depths down to one meter in aspen (Populus tremula L.) forest as well as in grassland areas. The P status was assessed by conventional methods and by isotope dilution kinetics. We found that P concentrations and stocks, as well as their distribution through the soil profile, were rather homogeneous at the studied regional scale, although there were some differences among sites (particularly in organic P). The young age of the soils, together with slow kinetics of soil forming processes, have probably not yet conducted to a sufficiently wide range of soil physico-chemical conditions to observe more diverging P status. The comparison of our dataset to similar vegetation contexts on the global scale revealed that the soils of south-western Siberia, and more generally of Northern Eurasia, has often (very) high levels of total, organic and inorganic P. The amount of plant-available P in topsoils, estimated by the isotopically exchangeable phosphate ions, was not particularly high, but intermediate at the global scale. However, large stocks of plant-available P are stored in subsurface layers which have currently low fine root exploration intensities. These results suggest that the P resource is unlikely to constrain vegetation growth and agriculture development in the present and near future conditions.
21
Haber, Erich. "The hybrid identity and taxonomic status of Pyrola sikkimensis (Ericaceae) from eastern Himalaya." Canadian Journal of Botany 63, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-016.
Full textAbstract:
Pyrola sikkimensis is recognized as being of hybrid origin between P. minor and P. rotundifolia s.l. on the basis of several distinctive floral features that characterize hybrids of Pyrola in which one of the parents is P. minor. The similarity in morphology of P. sikkimensis to P. media, an amphidiploid between P. minor and P. rotundifolia, suggests that P. sikkimensis is conspecific with P. media.
22
Tate, K. R., T. W. Speir, D. J. Ross, R. L. Parfitt, K. N. Whale, and J. C. Cowling. "Temporal variations in some plant and soil P pools in two pasture soils of widely different P fertility status." Plant and Soil 132, no. 2 (April 1991): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00010403.
Full text
23
Pellinen, Tiina, Essi Päivärinta, Jarkko Isotalo, Mikko Lehtovirta, Suvi T. Itkonen, Liisa Korkalo, Maijaliisa Erkkola, and Anne-Maria Pajari. "Replacing dietary animal-source proteins with plant-source proteins changes dietary intake and status of vitamins and minerals in healthy adults: a 12-week randomized controlled trial." European Journal of Nutrition 61, no. 3 (November 27, 2021): 1391–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02729-3.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Purpose A shift towards more plant-based diets promotes both health and sustainability. However, controlled trials addressing the nutritional effects of replacing animal proteins with plant proteins are lacking. We examined the effects of partly replacing animal proteins with plant proteins on critical vitamin and mineral intake and statuses in healthy adults using a whole-diet approach. Methods Volunteers aged 20–69 years (107 female, 29 male) were randomly allocated into one of three 12-week intervention groups with different dietary protein compositions: ANIMAL: 70% animal-source protein/30% plant-source protein; 50/50: 50% animal/50% plant; PLANT: 30% animal/70% plant; all with designed protein intake of 17 E%. We analysed vitamin B-12, iodine, iron, folate, and zinc intakes from 4-day food records, haemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin receptor, folate, and holotranscobalamin II from fasting blood samples, and iodine from 24-h urine. Results At the end point, vitamin B-12 intake and status were lower in PLANT than in 50/50 or ANIMAL groups (P ≤ 0.007 for all). Vitamin B-12 intake was also lower in 50/50 than in ANIMAL (P < 0.001). Iodine intake and status were lower in both 50/50 and PLANT than in ANIMAL (P ≤ 0.002 for all). Iron and folate intakes were higher in PLANT than in ANIMAL (P < 0.001, P = 0.047), but no significant differences emerged in the respective biomarkers. Conclusions Partial replacement of animal protein foods with plant protein foods led to marked decreases in the intake and status of vitamin B-12 and iodine. No changes in iron status were seen. More attention needs to be paid to adequate micronutrient intakes when following flexitarian diets. Clinical trial registry NCT03206827; registration date: 2017–06-30.
24
Prado, Renato de Mello, Ancélio Ricardo de Oliveira Gondim, and Marcus André Ribeiro Correia. "Fertilizing Lychee Plants with Phosphorus at Time of Planting in Brazil." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/259175.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this research was to study the effects of P fertilizers applied at time of planting on lychees’ nutritional status and on plant growth. The treatments consisted of five doses of P: zero, 50, 100, 200, and 300 g of P2O5per plant, furnished by triple superphosphate. Plant diameter was evaluated during two years and the plants’ nutritional status on the second year. The second year foliar levels of macro and micronutrients (with the exception of Zn) were increased by the P fertilizer. The orchard’s initial development, especially during the second year, was also influenced by the fertilizer. The P doses of 164 and 158 g of P2O5per plant resulted in the largest plant diameter after the first and the second year, respectively. These doses were found to be associated with a foliar P level of <1.4 g kg−1.
25
Rahmawati, Syamsidah. "Status Perkembangan Perbaikan Sifat Genetik Padi Menggunakan Transformasi Agrobacterium." Jurnal AgroBiogen 2, no. 1 (August 4, 2006): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jbio.v2n1.2006.p36-44.
Full textAbstract:
<p class="p1">Genetic transformation of rice becomes an important research area in recent years. Rice is staple food for almost half of world population and has been extensively used as a plant model system for monocotyledonous plant. Compare to direct DNA transfer techniques (PEG, electroporation, and DNA bombardment), <em>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</em>-mediated transformation was considered to be more advantageous because it is easy to handle, integration and segregation pattern are more predictable, and the likelihood to get transgenic plant with low copy number is high, thus decreasing gene silencing phenomena. Various important genes have been introduced into rice genome via <em>Agrobacterium </em>transformation. A number of important factors affecting the <em>Agrobacterium </em>transformation and the application of this technique in the next future will be discussed.</p>
26
Aitken, RL, PW Moody, BL Compton, and EC Gallagher. "Plant and soil diagnostic tests for assessing the phosphorus status of seedling Macadamia integrifolia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 43, no. 1 (1992): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9920191.
Full textAbstract:
Seedling macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia cv. Hinde) were grown in pots in two glasshouse experiments for 23 weeks. Experiment 1 comprised ten soils at two P levels (nil and a rate calculated to be non-limiting to growth) with six replications. Experiment 2 consisted of another two soils with eight rates of added P (0-2560 mg P per 4 L pot) and six replications. Whole plant tops were harvested, dried and weighed, and leaves analysed for P. In addition, leaves from Experiment 2 were analysed for Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe. Roots were recovered from the soils, separated into proteoid and non-proteoid root material, dried and weighed. Control (nil added P) soils were analysed for soil solution P and Colwell, Olsen, Bray 1 and 0.005 M CaCl2 extractable P. At 90% of maximum whole plant top growth, P concentration in the leaf was 0.08%. When the leaf Fe/P ratio < 0.07 in Experiment 2, there was a significant yield depression associated with symptoms of severe iron chlorosis. Critical soil P levels at 90% of maximum whole plant top growth were 50, 23 and 29 mg kg-1 for Colwell, Olsen and Bray 1 extractable P, respectively. It was not possible to define a critical CaCl2 extractable P or soil solution P concentration because of the large increase in relative growth with a small increase in these parameters. Proteoid root growth (as a percentage of total root weight) decreased with increasing level of soil phosphorus, and there were very few proteoid roots at >100 mg kg-1 Colwell extractable P. Applying P to maintain high soil test levels (>100 mg kg-1 Colwell extractable P) would have detrimental effects on proteoid root development.
27
Mistry, Jayanta, Ambika Prasad Mukhopadhyay, and Gopi Nath Baur. "Status of N P K in Vermicompost Prepared from Two Common Weed and Two Medicinal Plants." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 3, no. 2 (June 25, 2015): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i2.12533.
Full textAbstract:
Vermicomposting is a bio-technique and vermicompost are good superlatives for organic farming. During vermicomposting the nutrients are released and converted into soluble and available forms that’s providing nutrients such as available N (nitrogen), soluble K (potassium), exchangeable Ca (calcium), Mg (magnesium), P (phosphorus) and microelements such as Fe (iron), Mo (molybdenum), Zn (zinc), and Cu (cupper) which can easily taken up by plants. Vermicompost contains plant growth regulators, soil treated with vermicompost showed better plant growth than treated with inorganic and other organic fertilizers. Adding of vermicompost to soil improves the soil structure, increasing the water holding capacity and porosity. Vermicomposts have also been shown to suppress attacks by soil and foliar transmitted plant diseases.This article reviews various attribute as NPK values of Parthenium hysterophorus, Azadirachta indica, Argemone mexicana, and Vitex negundo vermicompost. pH of each compost are in range of 7.5 – 8.1. Nitrogen (N) content (%) is low in cow dung compost (1.7%) and higher in other plant compost except Azadirachta indica and Vitex negundo, maximum in Parthenium vermicompost (1.8%). Phosphorus (P %) ranges 1.3% to 1.6% and maximum in Azadirachta indica vermicompost. Potassium (K %) ranges 0.8% to 15.8% and all four vermicompost has significantly higher K contents than the cow dung compost. Organic carbon - nitrogen ratios (C/N) were also higher in vermicomposts produced with plant except in Argemone mexicana.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(2): 193-196 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i2.12533
28
Sandhu, Shahbeg S., Frederick J. de Serres, H. N. B. Gopalan, William F. Grant, Jiri Veleminsky, and George C. Becking. "Status report of the international programme on chemical safety's collaborative study on plant test systems." Mutation Research/Reviews in Genetic Toxicology 257, no. 1 (January 1991): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1110(91)90017-p.
Full text
29
CG, Tsipouridis, and T. Thomidis. "Influence of natural leaf drop and nutritional status of the stock plant on rooting of peach cuttings." Horticultural Science 30, No. 3 (November 25, 2011): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3870-hortsci.
Full textAbstract:
This study showed that rooting is strongly affected by natural leaf drop occurring during cutting collection. Observations carried out during sampling showed that cultivars with more than 80% leaf drop had lower rooting percentages than cuttings from cultivars with leaf drop between 44 to 75%, and that generally, the peaks of leaf drop coincide very closely with low rooting. Besides, it was found that there is a relation between Fe and N content in the bark of cuttings and their rooting. The peaks of Fe content coincide with the peaks of rooting. In contrast, the peaks of N content coincide with the lowest percentage of rooting. Overall, there seems to be no clear-cut relation between rooting and contents of P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn and Zn.
30
Schreiner, R. Paul, and Carolyn F. Scagel. "Arbuscule Frequency in Grapevine Roots Is More Responsive to Reduction in Photosynthetic Capacity Than to Increased Levels of Shoot Phosphorus." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 141, no. 2 (March 2016): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.141.2.151.
Full textAbstract:
An interplay between carbon and phosphorus is known to regulate root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF); however, it is unclear whether plant C or plant P status plays a bigger role in controlling the abundance of arbuscules (the primary site of nutrient exchange in AMF symbiosis) in roots. In this study, ‘Pinot noir’ grapevine (Vitis vinifera) was grown in an unsterilized vineyard soil and colonized by indigenous AMF in two experiments, where photosynthetic capacity (defoliation or shading) and shoot nutrition (foliar fertilizer) were manipulated. Temporal changes in root colonization by AMF and plant growth and nutrition were determined. Foliar fertilizer application increased P and K uptake, but reduced Cu uptake in both experiments. Decreasing the photosynthetic capacity of shoots due to defoliation or shading rapidly reduced arbuscules in fine roots (within 7 to 14 days). In contrast a 3-fold increase in shoot P status from foliar fertilizer only reduced arbuscules after a more prolonged time (28 to 56 days). The combination of shading (15% of full sun) and foliar P application reduced arbuscules more than shading alone within the first month, whereas foliar P use in full sun had no influence on arbuscules within a month. Returning plants to full sun after 28 days in shade resulted in a resurgence of arbuscules in roots regardless of plant P status. Arbuscules in grapevine roots are regulated by the interaction between plant C and P status, such that high shoot P reduces arbuscule formation or maintenance more when combined with reduced plant photosynthesis. This indicates that grapevines do not reduce AMF nutrient transfer as an immediate response to elevated shoot P as long as plants are maintained in a high light environment.
31
Jones, Robert W., M. Fernanda Cruz-Torres, Carlos López-González, and Magdalena A. Duarte-Fernández. "Conservation status the genus Hampea (Malvaceae: Gossypieae) in Mexico." Botanical Sciences 96, no. 3 (September 14, 2018): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.1857.
Full textAbstract:
<p><strong>Background. </strong>The genus <em>Hampea</em> (Malvaceae: Gossypieae) has 21 reported species and occurs in Mexico, Central America and Colombia. Mexico has eleven species, of which seven are endemic. <em>Hampea</em> is of special conservation interest because its members are wild relatives of cultivated cotton and several species are apparently threatened by anthropogenic activities.</p><p><strong>Questions: </strong>What is the conservation status of species of <em>Hampea </em>in Mexico?</p><p><strong>Study site and years of study:</strong> Observations were made in the field during 1991-1995, 2012 and 2016 in southern Mexico. Specimen data was obtained from the CONABIO data base and from national and international herbaria from 2014-2016.</p><p><strong>Methods. </strong>The conservation status of species of <em>Hampea</em> in Mexico was evaluated using criteria given in the Methods of the Evaluation of Risk of Extinction of Plants (MER-Plantas) (NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010). The potential distribution was calculated using Maximum Entropy Algorithm and biological data for species were obtained from literature and field observations.</p><p><strong>Results. </strong>Seven species of the genus <em>Hampea </em>were considered to be in a category of risk under the MER-Plantas criteria. <em>Hampea montebellensis</em>, <em>H.</em> <em>breedlovei</em>, and <em>H.</em> <em>longipes </em>were categorized as “at Risk of Extinction,” (En Peligro de Extinción ); <em>H.</em> <em>latifolia </em>was categorized as “Threatened” (Amenazada) and <em>H. stipitata, H. mexicana, </em>and <em>H. tomentosa </em>categorized as “Subject to Special Protection” (<em>Sujeto a Protección Especial</em>).</p><strong>Conclusions.</strong> The species <em>H.</em> <em>breedlovei</em>, <em>H. montebellensis</em>, <em>H. longipes, H</em><em>.</em> <em>latifolia,</em> <em>H.</em> <em>mexicana, H. stipitata </em>and <em>H. tomentosa </em>need to be included in <em>ex situ </em>and <em>in situ </em>conservation programs.
32
Kabba, Bachitter S., and Milkha S. Aulakh. "Climatic conditions and crop-residue quality differentially affect N, P, and S mineralization in soils with contrasting P status." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 167, no. 5 (October 2004): 596–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200320359.
Full text
33
Rieger, Isaak, Ingo Kowarik, Daniel Ziche, Nicole Wellbrock, and Arne Cierjacks. "Linkages between Phosphorus and Plant Diversity in Central European Forest Ecosystems—Complementarity or Competition?" Forests 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2019): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10121156.
Full textAbstract:
The phosphorus nutrition status of European forests has decreased significantly in recent decades. For a deeper understanding of complementarity and competition in terms of P acquisition in temperate forests, we have analyzed α-diversity, organic layer and mineral soil P, P nutrition status, and different concepts of P use efficiency (PUE) in Fagus sylvatica L. (European beech) and Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. (Norway spruce). Using a subset of the Second National Soil Survey in Germany, we correlated available data on P in the organic layer and soil with α-diversity indices for beech and spruce forests overall and for individual vegetation layers (tree, shrub, herb, and moss layers). Moreover, we investigated α-diversity feedbacks on P nutrition status and PUE of both tree species. The overall diversity of both forest ecosystems was largely positively related to P content in the organic layer and soil, but there were differences among the vegetation layers. Diversity in the tree layer of both forest ecosystems was negatively related to the organic layer and soil P. By contrast, shrub diversity showed no correlation to P, while herb layer diversity was negatively related to P in the organic layer but positively to P in soil. A higher tree layer diversity was slightly related to increased P recycling efficiency (PPlant/Porganic layer) in European beech and P uptake efficiency (PPlant/Psoil) in Norway spruce. The diversity in the herb layer was negatively related to P recycling and uptake efficiency in European beech and slightly related to P uptake efficiency in Norway spruce. In spruce forests, overall and herb species richness led to significantly improved tree nutrition status. Our results confirm significant, non-universal relationships between P and diversity in temperate forests with variations among forest ecosystems, vegetation layers, and P in the organic layer or soil. In particular, tree species diversity may enhance complementarity and hence also P nutrition of dominant forest trees through higher PUE, whereas moss and herb layers seemed to show competitive relationships among each other in nutrient cycling.
34
Turchen, Leonardo M., Lírio Cosme-Júnior, and Raul Narciso C. Guedes. "Plant-Derived Insecticides Under Meta-Analyses: Status, Biases, and Knowledge Gaps." Insects 11, no. 8 (August 14, 2020): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11080532.
Full textAbstract:
Plant-derived or botanical insecticides are biopesticides experiencing substantial ongoing increase in interest. The 74 years of our literature survey tracked over 2500 papers on botanical insecticides published between 1945 and 2019 (Web of Science database). Such a survey allowed meta-analyses to recognize current status and biases of the studies providing important insights into the research topic. They include the recognition of the exponential growth of such studies since the 1990s, the prevalent interest on the Meliaceae plant species and a dozen additional families, although some 190 families have been investigated. The arthropods targeted by such studies were pest species (ca. 95%) with rather little attention devoted to non-target species (p < 0.001). This bias is followed by another one—mortality assessments are prevalent among target and non-target arthropod species when contrasted with sublethal assessments (p < 0.01). These omissions are pivotal, as they fail to recognize that sublethal effects may be as important or even more important than mortality, and that initial insecticide deposits quickly degrade over time leading to prevailing sublethal exposure. Furthermore, although the target of control is limited to few species, non-target species will be exposed and as such need to be factored into consideration. Thus, these biases in studies of botanical insecticides incur in knowledge gaps with potential consequences for the practical use of these compounds as pest management tools.
35
Lengnick, Laura L., and Larry D. King. "Comparison of the phosphorus status of soils managed organically and conventionally." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 1, no. 3 (1986): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s088918930000103x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractSoils from adjoining farms, one managed organically and the other managed conventionally, were used in a greenhouse study to compare soil P status and the efficiency of concentrated superphosphate (CSP) and North Carolina rock phosphate (RP). Soil and plant parameters were measured as indicators of levels of soil P forms and availability of soil P to soybeans (Glycine max L.). Management did not affect dry matter yield of soybean plants. Conventional management resulted in higher P concentration in the plant and higher P uptake when CSP was the P source. However, when RP was the source, management effect was not significant. RP was only 15% as effective as CSP in increasing yield. When no P was applied, organic management resulted in greater total soil P, organic P, and Ca phosphate (CaP); conventional management resulted in greater Al and Fe phosphate (AlFeP) and occluded AlFeP (OcP). Addition of CSP increased AlFeP and OcP. Addition of RP increased CaP. CSP was more effective than RP in increasing extractable soil P. Multiple regression analysis showed that extractable P was related to AlFeP when CSP was the P source and to CaP when RP was the source. Yield was related to extractable P when CSP was the P source but when RP was the source, no significant regression models were found for yield.
36
Park, Hyun Ah. "Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Socioeconomic Status in Young and Middle-Aged Korean Adults." Korean Journal of Health Promotion 20, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15384/kjhp.2020.20.2.70.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Dietary intake is affected by socioeconomic status (SES). The aim of this study is to assess adequacy of protein intake, and to investigate the association between SES, in terms of household income and educational attainment, and protein intake according to the protein source i.e., plant or animal protein, in a nationally representative sample of young and middle-aged Korean adults.Methods: We used cross-sectional data from 1,404 Koreans, aged between 19 and 64, who had participated in the 2016-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. One day (24-hour) recall data was used to estimate the daily total of animal and plant protein intake. Household income quartiles and educational attainment were assessed by trained interviewers.Results: The proportion of protein intake adequacy, based on the Korean recommended nutrient intake (RNI; 0.91 g/kg/day), was 66.5% (0.8) for males and 58.2% (0.8) for females. After adjustment, household income quartiles were positively associated with animal protein intake with a marginal significance both in males (P=0.051) and females (P=0.080) and showed a marginal negative association with plant protein intake in males (P=0.050) and a marginal positive association in females (P=0.074). Educational attainment was positively associated with total protein (P=0.001), animal protein (P=0.003), and plant protein intake (P=0.002), only in females.Conclusions: One out of three young and middle-aged Korean adults showed protein intake inadequacy. Socioeconomic status, measured by household income and educational attainment, was associated with protein intake in young and middle-aged Korean adults and the associations were more marked in females.
37
Ma, Qifu, Zed Rengel, and Jairo Palta. "Changes in soil - plant P under heterogeneous P supply influence C allocation between the shoot and roots." Functional Plant Biology 36, no. 9 (2009): 826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp08259.
Full textAbstract:
Wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) were subjected to varying phosphorus (P) supply and canopy 13CO2 feeding to uncouple the plant and soil factors regulating carbon (C) allocation between the shoot and roots and in the P-enriched v. P-deficient soil zone. In a split-root system, transferring from 200/200 µM P (high/high) to high/nil P or nil/nil P for 7 days was associated with 18–30% increase in the ratio of root-to-total 13C, whereas 8–12% more 13C was retained in the shoot of plants grown under continuous high/high P. Although the C signal between the shoot and roots weakened at day 12, it closely correlated with root P acquisition at both days. In a non-split-root system, plants supplied with 200 μm P (high) for 7 and 12 days had a lower ratio of root-to-total 13C than plants with continuous 20 μm P (low). Preferential C allocation and increased P acquisition occurred before any measurable growth difference. Shoot P status had a greater influence than soil P supply on plant C allocation, and rapid C signalling between the shoot and roots might serve as an important component of plant response to heterogeneous P conditions.
38
Kovacevic, Vlado, Ivan Brkic, Manda Antunovic, Dario Iljkic, and Ivana Varga. "Genotype effects on phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium status in maize." Genetika 49, no. 1 (2017): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1701183k.
Full textAbstract:
Nine maize lines, commonly used as female parents of maize hybrid (B1=?2-48; B2=?1767/99; B3=?87-24; B4=?135-88, B5=?84-28; B6=?84-44; B7=?438-95; B8=?30-8; B9=?B-73) were grown under field conditions on Podgorac acid soil in Osijek-Baranya County for two growing seasons (2006 and 2007). The ear-leaves at flowering and grain at maturity were taken from each basic plot (14 m2) for chemical analysis with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Average concentrations (2-year means: g kg-1 in dry matter) were as follows: 3.21 and 3.00 (P), 20.8 and 3.45 (K), 6.60 and 0.05 (Ca), 2.44 and 1.04 (Mg) for leaves and grain, respectively. Differences among genotypes were from 2.69 to 3.95 and from 2.70 to 3.57 (P), from 18.0 to 23.3 and from 3.03 to 3.71 (K), from 5.45 to 8.02 and from 0.04 to 0.07 (Ca), from 1.35 to 3.09 and from 0.84 to 1.36 (Mg), for leaves and grain, respectively. Specifies of leaf composition of individual genotypes were as follows: B1 (the highest Ca and Mg), B2 (the highest P), B4 (the lowest Ca, Mg and P), B6 (the highest K) and B7 (the lowest K). Grain composition was mainly in accordance with specifies of leaf composition. Very high correlation in maize mineral composition under identical environmental conditions for nine genotypes between two years (0.97***, 0.97*** and 0.91*** for K, Ca and Mg, respectively) are indication of high hereditary effects, while P was more under environmental impact (r = 0.43). Significant correlations were found between grain-P and grain-K (0.55*), grain-Ca (0.49*) and grain-Mg (0.86***), grain-Ca and grain-Mg (0.54*). However, regarding mineral composition of leaves, only leaf-Ca and leaf-P had significant correlation (-0.46*).
39
He, Jingjing, Xin Shen, Aiping Fang, Jie Song, He Li, Meihan Guo, and Keji Li. "Association between predominantly plant-based diets and iron status in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional analysis." British Journal of Nutrition 116, no. 9 (November 2, 2016): 1621–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114516003639.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractCurrent evidence of the relationship between diets and Fe status is mostly derived from studies in developed countries with Western diets, which may not be translatable to Chinese with a predominantly plant-based diet. We extracted data that were nationally sampled from the 2009 wave of China Health and Nutrition Survey; dietary information was collected using 24-h recalls combined with a food inventory for 3 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected to quantify Fe status, and log-ferritin, transferrin receptor and Hb were used as Fe status indicators. In total, 2905 (1360 males and 1545 females) adults aged 18–50 years were included for multiple linear regression and stratified analyses. The rates of Fe deficiency and Fe-deficiency anaemia were 1·6 and 0·7 % for males and 28·4 and 10·7 % for females, respectively. As red meat and haem Fe consumption differed about fifteen to twenty times throughout the five groups, divided by quintiles of animal protein intake per 4·2 MJ/d, only Fe status as indicated by log-ferritin (P=0·019) and transferrin receptor (P=0·024) concentrations in males was shown to be higher as intakes of animal foods increased. Log-ferritin was positively associated with intakes of red meat (B=0·3 %, P=0·01) and haem Fe (B=12·3 %, P=0·010) in males and with intake of non-haem Fe in females (B=2·2 %, P=0·024). We conclude that diet has a very limited association with Fe status in Chinese adults consuming a traditional Chinese diet, and a predominantly plant-based diet may not be necessarily responsible for poor Fe status.
40
Abdel-Hafeez, Abdel Nasser A. A., Taia A. Abd El-Mageed, and Mostafa M. Rady. "Impact of Ascorbic Acid Foliar Spray and Seed Treatment with Cyanobacteria on Growth and Yield Component of Sunflower Plants under Saline Soil Conditions." International Letters of Natural Sciences 76 (August 6, 2019): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-3n3f6y.
Full textAbstract:
A field experiments were conducted during the two summer seasons of 2015 and 2016 in saline soil (ECe = 9.0 dSm-1), at Fayoum province, Egypt to study the effect of ascorbic (AsA), as foliar application alone or combined with cyanobacteria (CB) on growth, yield, its components and nutritional status of sunflower plants variety Sakha 54. Treatments comprised 2 ascorbic acid (AsA) levels with or without seed inoculation with cyanobacteria (CB). They were 1 mM AsA, 2 mM AsA, 1 mM AsA + CB and 2 mM AsA + CB in addition to the control treatment in which seeds were not received CB and their plants were sprayed with distilled water. Results could be summarized as follows: increasing the addition of ascorbic acid concentration up to 1Mm with combination of CB increased significantly values of growth attributes (e.i., plant height, of leaves no. /plant, shoot dry weight and leaf area), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids), physiological responses (total soluble sugars, proline and soluble phenols) as well as the head diameter, seed yield/ plant, 100 seed weight and seed yield (t ha-1). Also, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and oil percentage of sunflower seeds with compared to control treatment in both years. Generally, the results in most cases, demonstrate that the all parameters increased significantly by using the concentration of ascorbic acid 1Mm combined with CB in both seasons
41
Scagel, Carolyn F., and Jungmin Lee. "Phenolic Composition of Basil Plants Is Differentially Altered by Plant Nutrient Status and Inoculation with Mycorrhizal Fungi." HortScience 47, no. 5 (May 2012): 660–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.5.660.
Full textAbstract:
Four cultivars of basil (Ocimum basilicum L. ‘Cinnamon’, ‘Siam Queen’, ‘Sweet Dani’, and ‘Red Rubin’) were inoculated or not with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), Rhizophagus (formerly Glomus) intraradices (Schenck & Smith) Walker & Schüßler and grown with a fertilizer containing either 64 mg·L−1 phosphorus (P) (low P) or 128 mg·L−1 P (high P) to assess whether 1) P availability and inoculation with AMF influences the phenolic composition of basil; and 2) treatment effects on phenolic composition are related to plant nutrient status. Growth, root colonization by AMF, anthocyanins, total phenolics, specific polyphenolics, and mineral nutrients were measured after 16 weeks of growth. Non-inoculated plants were not colonized by AMF. AMF colonization of inoculated plants was not influenced by P rate. Increased P rate and AMF inoculation increased biomass. Increased P rate enhanced (increased concentration and content) P and calcium (Ca) uptake and AMF inoculation enhanced nitrogen (N), potassium (K), sulfur (S), boron (B), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) uptake. Increased or decreased uptake (content) of other nutrients between P rates and AMF treatments were related to differences in biomass (e.g., similar or lower concentration). Treatment effects on phenolic accumulation were related to the effects of P rate and AMF on 1) plant growth; 2) nutrient uptake; and 3) other factors not directly related to measured differences in nutrient uptake or plant growth. Differences between treatments in rosmarinic acid, the predominant polyphenolic produced by all cultivars, were related to the effects of P rate and AMF on plant growth. Both increased P rate and AMF inoculation enhanced production (increased concentration and content) of chicoric acid and caffeic acid derivative. Increased P rate and inoculation with AMF differentially enhanced production of several other minor polyphenolics resulting in plants with different polyphenolic profiles. Results indicate that AMF inoculation may be an additional strategy for optimizing basil quality in terms of polyphenolic production and composition beyond benefits obtained from just altering plant nutrient status or selecting specific cultivars.
42
Habte, M., R. L. Fox, and R. S. Huang. "Determining vesicular‐arbuscular mycorrh izal effectiveness by monitoring P status of subleaflets of an indicator plant." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 18, no. 12 (December 1987): 1403–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103628709367907.
Full text
43
Silva, Samuel de Assis, and Julião Soares de Souza Lima. "Spatial estimation of foliar phosphorus in different species of the genus Coffea based on soil properties." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 38, no. 5 (October 2014): 1439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832014000500009.
Full textAbstract:
Information underlying analyses of coffee fertilization systems should consider both the soil and the nutritional status of plants. This study investigated the spatial relationship between phosphorus (P) levels in coffee plant tissues and soil chemical and physical properties. The study was performed using two arabica and one canephora coffee variety. Sampling grids were established in the areas, and the points georeferenced. The assessed properties of the soil were levels of available phosphorus (P-Mehlich), remaining phosphorus (P-rem) and particle size, and of the plant tissue, phosphorus levels (foliar P). The data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and probability tests. Geostatistical and trend analyses were only performed for pairs of variables with significant linear correlation. The spatial variability for foliar P content was high for the variety Catuai and medium for the other evaluated plants. Unlike P-Mehlich, the variability in P-rem of the soil indicated the nutritional status of this nutrient in the plant.
44
Quaghebeur, Mieke, and Zed Rengel. "Phosphate and arsenate interactions in the rhizosphere of canola (Brassica napus)." Functional Plant Biology 31, no. 11 (2004): 1085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp04015.
Full textAbstract:
Arsenate [As(V)] and phosphate [P(V)] compete for the same uptake systems in plant roots. For this reason, P(V) is often added to As-contaminated soils to reduce As(V) uptake and alleviate As toxicity. However, the addition of P(V) can result in an increase in As concentrations in plant tissues, which is often attributed to an increase in As(V) availability, although direct evidence for this explanation is lacking. Rhizosphere and batch desorption experiments were conducted to investigate (i) the effect of As(V) and P(V) additions, and plant phosphorus (P) status, on As(V) uptake by canola (Brassica napus L.) and (ii), P(V) and As(V) interactions at the surface of roots and specific soil particles (goethite and kaolinite). Results showed that P-deficient canola took up more As(V) from arsenated kaolinite, but transported less As from roots to shoots, than P-adequate canola. The addition of P(V) adsorbed on substrate increased As(V) uptake by canola but desorption experiments revealed that the addition of phosphated kaolinite to arsenated kaolinite was not likely to increase As(V) availability in the rhizosphere. It was concluded that plant P status together with P(V) and As(V) interactions at the surfaces of roots and soil particles need to be considered to properly asses P(V) and As(V) interactions in the plant–soil continuum.
45
Alonso-Calleja, Carlos, Emilia Guerrero-Ramos, and Rosa Capita. "Hygienic Status Assessment of Two Lamb Slaughterhouses in Spain." Journal of Food Protection 80, no. 7 (June 9, 2017): 1152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-330.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT A total of 180 lamb carcasses and 200 inert surfaces were sampled in two commercial abattoirs (plants A and B) from northwest Spain. A higher (P < 0.001) average microbial load (log CFU per square centimeter) on lamb carcasses was observed for total viable counts (TVC; 2.74 ± 1.15) than for Enterobacteriaceae (2.21 ± 1.16). Different microbial counts were found on carcasses from plants A and B, both for TVC (2.56 ± 0.96 versus 3.18 ± 1.47, respectively; P < 0.001) and Enterobacteriaceae (2.09 ± 0.97 versus 2.50 ± 1.61, respectively; P < 0.05). High correlations (P < 0.001) were observed for TVC and Enterobacteriaceae in both plants A (r = 0.708) and B (r = 0.912). The percentages of unsatisfactory daily mean log values for carcasses, according to European Union Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005, were 0.0 (TVC) and 30.8 (Enterobacteriaceae) in plant A and 10.0 (TVC) and 40.0 (Enterobacteriaceae) in plant B. Average counts for inert surfaces were all lower than 10 CFU/cm2 (TVC) or 1 CFU/cm2 (Enterobacteriaceae). The need to improve hygienic practices in order to adhere to the European Union microbiological performance criteria is emphasized. The detected different microbial counts between slaughterhouses could be attributed to differences in external hygiene of livestock and in the number of slaughterhouse workers. Microbiological analysis of carcasses and surfaces allows detection of hygienic concerns in the overall process.
46
Kwiatkowska, Izabela, Jakub Olszak, Piotr Formanowicz, and Dorota Formanowicz. "Nutritional Status and Habits among People on Vegan, Lacto/Ovo-Vegetarian, Pescatarian and Traditional Diets." Nutrients 14, no. 21 (November 1, 2022): 4591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14214591.
Full textAbstract:
Background: This study assessed the possible dependencies between nutritional habits and body composition among subjects with different dietary habits. Materials: A total of 196 healthy (aged 18–50 yrs) participants were enrolled in the study and divided into 4 groups according to their diet: vegans-VEGAN (n = 53), lacto/ovo-vegetarians—VEGE (n = 52), pescatarians-PESCA (n = 28), and omnivores-OMN (n = 43). Methods: The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used, and body composition was assessed on the In-Body120 analyzer. Results: Our result revealed in OMN + PESCA groups a higher average consumption frequency of sweets (p = 0.024), cheese/plant cheese (p < 0.001), eggs and egg dishes/egg substitutes (p < 0.001), butter, margarine/plant margarine (p < 0.001), cream /plant cream (p = 0.018), wine and cocktails (p = 0.028), vodka (p = 0.039) and lower of natural cottage cheese/tofu/tempeh (p < 0.001), vegetable oils (p = 0.036), legumes (p < 0.001) and nuts and seeds(p < 0.001) compared to the VEGAN + VEGE groups. The body composition analysis showed significant differences in skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (p = 0.019) and the content of minerals (p = 0.048) between groups. VEGAN disclosed the lowest average values of body fat mass (BFM), percentage body fat (PBF), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) than other studied groups. Conclusions: The body composition analysis showed mean values within normal ranges in all of the groups, but some average results of OMN, PESCA, and VEGE compared to VEGAN were not highly satisfactory (in addition to eating behavior outcomes).
47
Fedonenko, Оlena, Tamila Ananieva, Tetyana Sharamok, and Oleg M. Marenkov. "Environmental Characteristics by Eco-Sanitary and Toxic Criteria of the Cooling Pond of Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant (Ukraine)." International Letters of Natural Sciences 70 (August 6, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-1798bk.
Full textAbstract:
It has been investigated the ecological status of the cooling pond of Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) on the hydrochemical and toxicological indicators. The ecological water quality by most hydrochemical and hydrophysical indices corresponds to the class II, category 3, and is characterized as "fairly clean". However, according to the BOD5 index, the water quality is "satisfactory" (class III, category 4). By the contents of both nitrogen of nitrates and phosphorus of phosphates the water quality belongs to the class IV, category 6, as "bad, dirty water". The main anthropogenic pollutants are copper, iron, zinc, and fluorides. The ecological characteristics by their concentrations in the water correspond to the class III, and categories 4–5 of quality, which are "poorly and moderately polluted" water. Accumulation of toxic metals in the surface layer of the reservoir bottom sediments depends on their types, the minimal content is found in sandy sediments, and maximal one is in muddy sediments. The possibility of significant secondary pollution of the water environment by toxic metals is small under the hydrophysical and hydrochemical conditions typical for the cooling pond of Zaporizhzhya NPP. According to the calculations, the value of the average chemical index of ecological quality is "2.5", which characterizes the water of the Zaporizhzhya NPP cooling pond as "good" and "clean".
48
Baez-González, Alma Delia, Efraín Acosta-Díaz, José Saúl Padilla-Ramírez, Isidro H. Almeyda-León, and Francisco Zavala-García. "Conservation status of eleven wild bean (Phaseolus spp. Fabaceae) species in northeastern Mexico." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 10, no. 2 (March 22, 2019): 417–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v10i2.1475.
Full textAbstract:
Rare and endemic plants, such as the wild species of Phaseolus (Fabaceae) in northeastern Mexico, deserve high priority in conservation efforts because of their uniqueness and usefulness as plant genetic resource. This is particularly important because during the last decades, some of these species have become endangered because of anthropogenic and natural factors. The study aimed to determine the current conservation status of 11 reported wild bean species in northeastern Mexico, using wild bean data from 77 expeditions to the states of Nuevo León and Tamaulipas during the period 1869-2013.The conservation status of the different species was determined according to the Official Mexican Standard NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010. The categories of risk were based on four indicators: amplitude of distribution, habitat status, biological vulnerability and impact of human activity. The following eight wild Phaseolus species are not at risk of extinction: P. albiflorus, P. glabellus, P. leptostachyus, P. maculatifolius, P. neglectus, P. pedicellatus, P. vulgaris and P. zimapanensis. On the other hand, P. altimontanus Freytag & Debouck is categorized as threatened; P. novoleonensis Debouck, in danger of extinction; and P. plagiocylix Harms, possibly extinct. Current in situ and ex situ conservation programs need to be strengthened and expanded for the medium- and long-term protection of wild bean species in northeastern Mexico.
49
Villordon, Arthur, Jeffrey Cole Gregorie, Don LaBonte, Awais Khan, and Michael Selvaraj. "Variation in ‘Bayou Belle’ and ‘Beauregard’ Sweetpotato Root Length in Response to Experimental Phosphorus Deficiency and Compacted Layer Treatments." HortScience 53, no. 10 (October 2018): 1534–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13305-18.
Full textAbstract:
Phosphorus deprivation (−P) reduced sweetpotato storage root length (SRL) regardless of the presence or absence of a compacted layer (CL). The combination of −P and the presence of a simulated compacted layer (+CL) reduced SRL relative to the P-sufficient (+P) control plants grown without a compacted layer (−CL) by 44% and 40%, respectively, in ‘Bayou Belle’ and ‘Beauregard’ cultivars. In both cultivars, the combination of −P and −CL also reduced SRL by 36% (‘Bayou Belle’) and 28% (‘Beauregard’) relative to the control plants. There was a significant planting date × cultivar effect in the temporal −P studies, with a general trend for SRL reduction with −P at 10-day intervals over a 50-day growing period. −P treatment reduced ‘Bayou Belle’ SRL after 10 days but not after 20 days. In P source plant status studies, the −P/−P treatment (source plant P status/daughter plant P status) was associated with 50% and 48% reduction in SRL in ‘Bayou Belle’ and ‘Beauregard’ daughter plants, respectively, relative to the +P/+P control plants. Taken together, these findings corroborate previous experimental evidence on the role of P in determining root length in other plant species and experimental systems. These experimental findings have practical applications in the management of P in sweetpotato seed and production systems. The results of the current study can lead to follow-up work that validates cultivar-specific P requirements and how such information can be used to optimize P management as it relates to the production of storage roots of consistent length and shape. The methods and approaches used in the current study can be adopted and modified in follow-up investigations that seek to shed light on the precise mechanisms of SRL determination in sweetpotato.
50
Mailafiya, D. M., M. M. Degri, Y. T. Maina, U. N. Gadzama, and I. B. Galadima. "Preliminary Studies on Insect Pest Incidence on Tomato in Bama, Borno State, Nigeria." International Letters of Natural Sciences 10 (February 15, 2014): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-p41ys6.
Full textAbstract:
This study assessed the insect pest infestation of tomato during 2011 and 2012 in three localities namely Bula Kuliye, Kajeri and Soye of Bama Local Government Area, Borno State, Nigeria. Fifty plants were randomly checked per farmers’ field for insect pest recovery and count. Sampling was carried out in five to nine farmers’ fields per locality. With 38-52 %, 9-62 %, 13-39 % and 5-9 % species composition respectively across localities, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) followed by Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) were more predominant insect pests of tomato in these localities over Tetranychus sp. (Acari: Tetranichidae) and Spodoptera litoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Total proportion of infested tomato plants per farmers’ field ranged from 19-36 %, and was significantly higher in Bula Kuliye and Kajeri than in Soye. Total number of insect pests per plant/leave and bored fruits per farmers’ field fell between 2-5 and 21-35, and likewise, was higher in Bula Kuliye and Kajeri than in Soye. Although tomato plant infestation and fruit damage were found to be moderate or high in these localities, future studies on the bionomics or population dynamics of these insects remain essential for establishing their economic status.