Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Plant molecular genetics'
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Lim, Saw Hoon. "Molecular analysis of porphobilinogen deaminase in higher plants." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259764.
Phelan, Thomas Joseph. "GENETIC AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF PLANT NUCLEAR MATRIX PROTEINS." NCSU, 2001. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20011104-233111.
PHELAN, THOMAS JOSEPH, Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Plant Nuclear Matrix Proteins. (Under the direction of Steven L. Spiker.)The eukaryotic nucleus is composed of DNA, RNA and protein, encapsulated by a nuclear envelope. DNA is compacted up to ten thousand times in order to be packaged into the nucleus. The nucleus must maintain order in the presence of a very high density and variety of protein and RNA. The nuclear matrix is a proteinaceous network thought to provide structure and organization to the nucleus. We believe that relatively stable interactions of nuclear molecules with the nuclear matrix are key to organization of the nucleus. Numerous "Matrix Attachment Region" DNA elements (MARs), have been isolated from plants, animals, and fungi. Evidence suggests that these MARs attach to the nuclear matrix, delimiting loops of chromosomal DNA. In studies of transgenic plants and animals, MARs have been shown to give important advantages to organisms transformed with genes flanked by these elements. Unlike most DNA elements, no specific sequence elements have been identified in MAR DNAs. Partly due to the insolubility of the matrix, and to the heterogeneity of MAR DNA, very few of the protein components of the nuclear matrix have been identified. This work presents analysis the proteins of the plant nuclear matrix. We have characterized a set of related proteins from the model plant Arabidopsis that associate with MAR DNA in vitro. These proteins appear to be similar to the NOP56/NOP58 family of proteins previously identified in several eukaryotic organisms. The NOP56/NOP58 proteins are thought to be involved in modifications of ribosomal RNA. Binding studies presented in this work suggest that these plant proteins may participate in RNA/DNA/protein complexes in the nucleus.
Cowan, Rebecca. "Molecular domestication and transposon contributions to plant genome evolution." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82211.
Ryan, Lucy Anne. "The molecular biology of plant growth control." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328065.
Juretic, Nikoleta. "The role of transposons in shaping plant genomes /." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115687.
Bitalo, Daphne Nyachaki. "Implementation of molecular markers for triticale cultivar identification and marker-assisted selection." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71670.
Triticale is an amphidiploid that consists of wheat (A and B) and rye (R) genomes. This cereal is fast becoming important on a commercial basis and warrants further assessment for the better management and breeding of the hybrid. The assessment of the genetic diversity among the wheat and rye genomes within triticale can be obtained by using molecular markers developed in both donor genomes. Simple sequence repeats markers (SSRs) and amplified fragment length markers (AFLPs) have been previously used to assess the genetic diversity among triticale lines. SSRs are highly polymorphic markers that are abundant and which have been shown to be highly transferable between species in previous studies while AFLP markers are known to generate plenty of data as they cover so many loci. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a marker system suitable to assess the genetic diversity and relationships of advanced breeding material (and cultivars) of the Stellenbosch University’s Plant Breeding Laboratory (SU-PBL). Therefore, both AFLP and SSR markers were initially analysed using eight triticale cultivars (with known pedigrees) to facilitate cultivar identification. Fourty-two AFLP primer combinations and 86 SSR markers were used to assess the genetic diversity among the Elite triticale cultivars. The AFLP primer combinations generated under average polymorphism information content (PIC) values. Furthermore, these markers generated neighbour-joining (NJ) and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) dendograms that displayed relationships that did not correspond with the available pedigree information. Therefore, this marker system was found not to be suitable. A set of 86 SSRs previously identified in both wheat and rye, was used to test the genetic diversity among the eight cultivars. The markers developed in wheat achieved 84% transferability while those developed in rye achieved 79.3% transferability. A subset of SSR markers was able to distinguish the cultivars, and correctly identify them by generating NJ and UPGMA dendograms that exhibited relationships that corroborated the available pedigree data. This panel of markers was therefore chosen as the most suitable for the assessment of the advanced breeding material. The panel of seven SSR markers was optimised for semi-automated analysis and was used to screen and detect the genetic diversity among 306 triticale entries in the F6, Senior and Elite phases of the SU-PBL triticale breeding programme. An average PIC value of 0.65 was detected and moderate genetic variation was observed. NJ and UPGMA dendograms generated showed no clear groupings. However, the panel of markers managed to accurately identify all cultivars within the breeding program. The marker panel developed in this study is being used to routinely distinguish among the advanced breeding material within the SU-PBL triticale breeding programme and as a tool in molecular-assisted backcross.
Horsley, David. "Molecular and structural studies of plant clathrin coated vesicles." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.291323.
Moulton, Paul Jonathan. "The molecular genetics of Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278900.
Russell, Joanne Ritchie. "Molecular variation in Theobroma species." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386981.
Poole, Deborah Marie. "Molecular analysis of plant cell wall hydrolases of bacterial origin." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238939.
Docking, T. Roderick. "The evolution of retrotransposon sequences in four asexual plant species /." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81327.
Husselmann, Lizex H. H. "Molecular characterisation of the commercially important Agathosma species." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3068.
The development of a reliable and reproducible method for the genetic characterisation and identification of the commercially important Agathosma species was investigated. Previous research attempts aimed at developing a reliable and reproducible method of identifying these Agathosma species failed, mostly because these studies were based on phenotypic traits and these methods were therefore influenced by environmental factors. In this study amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) were successfully used to quantify the genetic variation between the Agathosma species and as a result three distinct groups could be identified. The data obtained were elaborated with the Dice genetic similarity coefficient, and analysed using different clustering methods and Principle Coordinate Analysis (PCoA). Cluster analysis of the genotypes revealed an overall genetic similarity between the populations of between 0.85 and 0.99. The AFLP-based dendrogram divided the populations into three major groups: (1) the A. serratifolia and A. crenulata populations, (2) the putative hybrid, A. betulina X A crenulata populations, and (3) the A. betulina populations, confirming that this technique can be used to identify species. The question of hybridisation was also clarified by the results of the PCoA, confirming that the putative hybrid is not genetically intermediately spread between the A. crenulata and A. betulina populations, and that it is genetically very similar to A. betulina. The putative hybrid can therefore rather be viewed as a genetically distinct ecological variant of A. betulina. As the AFLP technique cannot be directly applied in large-scale, routine investigations due to its high cost and complicated technology, the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular markers, able to accurately identify the species, was undertaken. Due to the superior quality of A. betulina oil, the development of such markers is especially critical for this species. Several species-specific AFLP markers were identified, converted to sequence characterised amplified regions (SCARs) and ultimately single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were characterised. The developed SCARs were unable to distinguish between the species. The conversion of AFLP fragments to SCARs is problematic due to multiple fragments being amplified with the AFLP fragment of interest. The diagnostic feature of the SNP-based markers was not sensitive enough, since this technique could not distinguish between the A. betulina and A. crenulata and/or the putative hybrid populations. The SNPs that were characterised were found not to be species-specific; they were only specific to the particular clone. Although a quick and robust marker specific for A. betulina has not yet been developed, this study sets the stage for future genetic studies on Agathosma species. Such a marker, or set of markers, would be an invaluable contribution to a blooming buchu oil industry.
Saleh, Norihan Mohamad. "Molecular studies of 'wild-abortive' and fertile cytoplasms in rice." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277933.
Sarjeant, Adrian B. "The molecular genetic characterisation of the Arabidopsis thaliana LAX1 gene." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343147.
Lonergan, Paul Francis. "Genetic characterisation and QTL mapping of zinc nutrition in barley (Hordeum vulgare)." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl847.pdf.
Jenkin, Mandy Jane. "Genetics of boron tolerance in barley /." Adelaide : Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Department of Plant Science, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phj514.pdf.
Filkowski, Jody, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "The effect of pathogens on plant genome stability." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Biological Sciences, 2004, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/254.
xiii, 119 leaves ; 29 cm.
Mahmoud, Sayed Hassan. "Biochemical marker genes for molecular genetics and plant breeding in Pisum sativum L." Thesis, Durham University, 1985. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7853/.
Wan, Yao. "From Powerhouse to Processing Plant: Conserved Roles of Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Proteins in tRNA Splicing." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531410494675571.
Chaulk, Christine Annie 1964. "Chromosome number, fertility, and mitochondrial genome of backcross populations derived from Medicago sativa x Medicago dzhawakhetica hybrids." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277157.
Lee, Sungkeun. "Molecular genetic analysis of nucleotide excision repair genes in Dictyostelium discoideum /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841209.
Posthuma, Karin Ingeborg. "Molecular detection of strawberry crinkle virus and cloning of plant genes associated with infection." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342275.
Venter, Mauritz. "Isolation of grapevine promoters with special emphasis on the vacuolar pyrophosphatase." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16078.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Understanding the complex nature of grapevine molecular biology is of great importance for viticulturists. Progress in the elucidation of key events on a genetic level could provide further insight into the underlying cues responsible for the precise control of physiological and metabolic changes during a specific condition such as fruit development. The use and analysis of molecular ‘tools’, such as promoters controlling the site and level of gene activity, could assist in the understanding of grapevine biology and serve as a platform for the future design and development of recombinant DNA protocols and strategies for Vitis vinifera L. A high-throughput gene expression system, cDNA-AFLPs, was successfully used to analyse large-scale transcriptional activity during berry ripening. Candidate cDNA fragments were selected on the basis of desired expression patterns and/or known gene function for subsequent promoter isolation. From three candidate cDNAs selected, the promoter of a gene encoding vacuolar pyrophosphatase (V-PPase) was isolated for computational and comparative analyses. Promoter activity was evaluated on a transient level using the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene. Comparative integration has allowed for putative correlation of cis-elements, acting as receptors within promoter regions, to regulate V-PPase gene expression in response to development, environmental stress and tissue-specificity. In this study, integration of genetic data have advanced the understanding and transcriptional role of a key enzyme (V-PPase) during grape ripening. Although never a replacement for experimental verification, this integrative strategy of combining gene expression profiles with bioinformatics and regulatory data will greatly assist in further elucidation of various other key components and regulatory cues associated with grapevine molecular biology. This study has allowed us to use molecular tools that could assist in gaining further insight into genetic complexities and could serve as a platform for a more refined genetic manipulation strategy in Vitis vinifera L.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Begrip van die komplekse aard van wingerd molekulêre biologie is van groot belang vir wingerdkundiges. Vooruitgang in die begrip van belangrike gebeurtenisse op ń genetiese vlak behoort verdere insig in die onderliggende instruksies vir die noukeurige beheer van fisiologiese en metaboliese veranderinge tydens ń spesifieke kondisie soos vrug rypwording te bevorder. Die gebruik en analise van molekulêre ‘instrumente’ soos promoters, wat die posisie en vlak van geen aktiwiteit beheer, kan bydra tot n beter begrip van wingerd biologie en sodoende dien as ń platform vir die toekomstige ontwerp en ontwikkeling van rekombinante DNS (deoksiribonukleiensuur) protokolle en strategieë vir Vitis vinifera L. ń Hoë-kapasiteit geen uitdrukkings sisteem, nl. kDNS-AFLPs (komplementêre deoksiribonukleiensuur- geamplifiseerde fragment lengte polimorfisme), is suksesvol gebruik vir die analise van grootskaalse transkripsionele aktiwiteit tydens druif rypwording. Kandidaat kDNS fragmente is geselekteer, gebaseer op verlangde uitdrukkings-patrone en/of bekende geen funksie vir daaropvolgende promoter isolering. Van drie geselekteerde kandidaat kDNS fragmente, is die promoter van ń geen wat vakuolêre pirofosfatase (V-PPase) kodeer geïsoleer vir rekenaar- en vergelykende analise. Promoter aktiwiteit is op ń nie-stabiele vlak deur die gebruik van ń groen-fluoresserende proteien (GFP) verklikker geen geëvalueer. Vergelykende integrering het dit moontlik gemaak om veronderstelde korrelasies van cis-elemente, wat as reseptore binne ń promoter area dien, en die regulering van V-PPase geen uitdrukking, in reaksie tot ontwikkeling, omgewings stres en weefsel-spesifisiteit, te maak. Tydens hierdie studie, het die integrering van genetiese data gehelp om die transkripsionele rol van ń belangrike ensiem (V-PPase) tydens druif rypwording beter te verstaan. Alhoewel dit nooit ń plaasvervanger vir eksperimentele bewyse sal wees nie, kan hierdie gëintegreerde strategie, wat die kombinasie van geen-uitdrukkingsprofiele met bioinformatika en regulatoriese data behels, grootliks bydra om verskeie ander belangrike komponente en regulatorieseaanwysings geassosieërd met wingerd molekulêre biologie te ontrafel. Hierdie studie het verdere insig in genetiese kompleksiteite verleen, en kan nou dien as ń platform vir ń meer presiese genetiese manipulering strategie in Vitis vinifera L.
Al-Mamari, Al-Ghaliya Humaid. "Application of genomics and molecular genetics in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/27894/.
Zheng, Liansheng 1955. "Gene expression in two different genotypes of alfalfa under salt stressed and unstressed conditions." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276936.
Lai, Kwok-wai, and 賴國偉. "Molecular studies of {221}-cyanoalanine synthase from rice (Oryza sativa)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39349238.
Wright, Stephen 1975. "Transposon dynamics in self- and cross-fertilizing plant populations." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33453.
Zhang, Yun-Heng. "Biochemistry and molecular biology of binding proteins for plant growth regulators." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/13254.
Rodpothong, Patsarin, and n/a. "Host-specific Nod factor requirements for nodulation of Lotus species by Mesorhizobium loti." University of Otago. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080910.113419.
Harding, Michael W. "Genetic and molecular analyses of avirulence in the phytopathogenic fungus Magnaporthe grisea." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280608.
To, Kevin S. "Loss of Promoter Methylation is Correlated with mRNA Induction of Senescence Upregulated Gene UGT78D1." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10600929.
Leaf senescence is the final stage of leaf development where older leaves undergo an active degenerative process. This highly coordinated event is characterized by a cascade of differential gene expression resulting in senescence upregulated and senescence downregulated genes. Cytosine methylation, a mechanism of epigenetic control, has been shown to play a role in regulating gene expression. Gene body cytosine methylation is correlated with transcriptional activation while promoter cytosine methylation is correlated with transcriptional repression. Evidence from previous work suggests CG methylation (mCG) in promoter regions plays a role in repressing gene expression and that a correlation between demethylation and mRNA induction is most likely within 500 bp up- and downstream of TSSs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between promoter cytosine methylation and transcriptional repression by identifying potential cytosine methylation-regulated senescence upregulated genes (CMR-SURGs). Four candidate CMR-SURGs were identified from previously generated RNA-seq data and an online cytosine methylome. We hypothesized that the four CMR-SURGs would display a correlation between mRNA induction and loss of promoter mCG. mRNA expression was measured by real-time qPCR, and cytosine methylation was quantified by bisulfite treatment of genomic DNA followed by PCR, cloning, and sequencing of PCR products. These data however, showed that only UGT78D1 displayed a negative correlation between promoter cytosine methylation and age-related mRNA induction.
Bradley, Bernadette. "The granule-bound starch synthase genes of wheat." Thesis, Bradley, Bernadette (2003) The granule-bound starch synthase genes of wheat. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/442/.
Bradley, Bernadette. "The granule-bound starch synthase genes of wheat." Murdoch University, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040706.142601.
Storey, Benjamin 1973. "AQX : a novel gene in plant ubiquinone biosynthesis." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80882.
Drager, Robert Gray. "Molecular cloning of spinach chloroplast DNA isolated by alkaline lysis." PDXScholar, 1987. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3747.
Wang, Tina Y. "Determining the Fate of Hybridized Genomes in the Allopolyploid Brassica napus." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/358.
Campeol, Nadia. "Detection of markers in a low-density region of the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genome and their effects on the mapping of quantitative traits." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0002/MQ44137.pdf.
Sheldon, Candice Claire. "Hammerhead mediated self-cleavage of plant pathogenic RNAs /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs544.pdf.
Kassa, Mulualem Tamiru. "Molecular analysis of genetic diversity in dometicated pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) and wild relatives." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003773.
Devisetty, Upendra Kumar. "Molecular investigation of RAD51 and DMC1 homoeologous genes of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aetivum L.)." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13340/.
Bonnardeaux, Yumiko Graciela. "Seed dormancy in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) : comparative genomics, quantitative trait loci analysis and molecular genetics." University of Western Australia. Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0019.
Harris, Darby M. "MOLECULAR AND CHEMICAL DISSECTION OF CELLULOSE BIOSYNTHESIS IN PLANTS." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/3.
Das, Sanjeev. "Subcellular Localization of Tobacco SABP2 under Normal and Stress Conditions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/569.
Rendell, Sarah. "Population genetic structure of Faidherbia albida (Del.) A. Chev. (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299160.
Nuthikattu, Saivageethi. "Diverse mechanisms of Athila retrotransposon epigenetic silencing in Arabidopsis thaliana." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417685369.
Gouws, Liezel Michelle, and Jens Kossmann. "The molecular analysis of the effects of lumichrome as a plant growth promoting substance." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4825.
Dissertation presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Stellenbosch University
Embargo(30)lift date 2009-12-31 plt 2010
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Through powerful signal molecules, rhizobacteria affect fundamental processes in plants. In recent years, a number of novel rhizobial molecules have been identified that positively affect plant growth and development. Previous studies have shown that Sinorhizobium meliloti, which form symbiotic relationships with leguminous plants, increases CO2 availability by enhancing root respiration in alfalfa. The active compound was identified as lumichrome, a previously unrecognized rhizosphere signal molecule that has been shown to promote plant growth in various studies. Lumichrome is a common breakdown product of riboflavin and produced by both chemical and biological factors. Various studies on lumichrome have proven its growth promoting effect in the interaction with plants. The mechanism through which lumichrome increases plant growth remains to be clarified. This study provides new insight into the molecular effects of the plant growth promoter lumichrome on the root metabolism of plants. The main aim of the work presented in this thesis was to investigate the molecular mechanism of the plant growth promoting substance lumichrome in the roots of the model plants Lotus japonicus and Solanum lycopersicon (tomato). To asses the impact of lumichrome on the root metabolism of Lotus japonicus and tomato and identify key genes involved in the growth stimulation, a comprehensive profile of differentially expressed genes, proteins and metabolites was compiled. As the effects of lumichrome as a plant growth promoter have not previously been tested on Lotus japonicus and tomato, basic growth studies were completed to determine if lumichrome indeed elicits plant growth at nanomolar concentrations, as was proven in numerous previous studies. Both Lotus japonicus and tomato showed significant increases in root biomass when treated with 5 nM of lumichrome. The treatment with lumichrome caused complex changes in gene expression. Generally, transcript profiling showed that the categories that were predominantly affected by lumichrome in both Lotus and tomato, were genes associated with RNA regulation of transcription and signaling, protein synthesis/degradation/modification and stress and defence. Proteomic studies revealed that the majority of the differentially expressed proteins were down-regulated. Lumichrome seems to largely influence proteins involved in protein folding and down-regulate proteins involved in glycolysis. Proteomics studies revealed that GS1 (Lotus) and GAPDH (Lotus and tomato) were present in lower abundance in lumichrome treated roots, therefore targeted analysis utilizing northern blots, western blots and the measurement of enzyme activities were completed to determine and verify their specific role in the lumichrome mediated growth promotion. The results indicated that GAPDH and GS1 seem to be under post-translational modification. The influence of lumichrome on the metabolome of Lotus roots was immense, however minute in tomato roots. The knowledge gained in the parallel analyses of both Lotus japonicus and tomato aided us in finding key genes involved in the growth stimulation. Overall, one of the most significant observations was that for the first time to our knowledge, six genes related to defence and pathogen responses were identified that are concurrently expressed in both Lotus and tomato. Through identifying a small number of genes involved in mediating the growth stimulation, these can be used for their functional analysis in the future, using reverse genetics to provide more insight into the molecular mechanisms that are triggered by lumichrome as a plant growth promoter.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Deur kragtige sein-molekules, beïnvloed rhizobakterieë basiese prosesse in plante. In die laaste jare is ʼn aantal nuwe molekules, afkomstig van rhizobakterieë, geidentifiseer wat plantgroei en ontwikkeling positief beïnvloed. Voorafgaande studies het bewys dat Sinorhizobium meliloti, wat simbiotiese verhoudings met peulplante aangaan, die beskikbaarheid van CO2 vermeerder deur wortel respirasie in alfalfa te verhoog. Die aktiewe komponent is as lumikroom geidentifiseer, 'n vroeë onerkenbare risosfeer sein-molekule, wat deur vorige studies bewys is dat dit plantgroei stimuleer. Lumikroom is ʼn algemene afbreekproduk van riboflavin en word geproduseer deur chemiese en biologiese faktore. Verskeie studies op lumikroom het bewys dat dit 'n groei stimuleerende effek het op die groei van plante as dit daarmee in wisselwerking tree. Die meganisme waarmee lumikroom plante groei verhoog, is nog nie opgeklaar nie. Hierdie studie verleen nuwe insigte in die molekulêre effekte van die plantgroei stimuleerende molekuul lumikroom op die wortel metabolisme van plante. Die hoofdoel van die werk wat voorgestel word in hierdie tesis, was om die molekulêre meganisme van die plantgroei stimuleerende stof, genaamd lumikroom, in die wortels van die model plante Lotus japonicus en Solanum lycopersicon (tamatie), te ondersoek. Om die uitwerking van lumikroom op die wortel metabolisme van Lotus japonicus en tamatie te bepaal, asook sleutelgene wat betrokke is by die groei stimulasie te identifiseer, is 'n breedvoerige profiel van differensiële uitgedrukte gene, proteïne en metaboliete saamgestel. Die effekte van lumikroom as 'n plantgroei stimuleerende stof is nog nooit op Lotus japonicus en tamatie getoets nie. Om díe rede is eers basiese plantgroei studies gedoen, om vas te stel of lumikroom inderdaad plantgroei teen nanomolare konsentrasies stimuleer, soos in vele voorafgaande studies bevestig is. Beide Lotus japonicus en tamatie het aansienlike verhogings in wortel biomassa getoon as dit met 5 nM lumikroom behandel is. Die behandeling van plante met lumikroom het komplekse veranderinge in geen-uitdrukking veroorsaak. Oor die algemeen het die transkrip-profiele gewys dat die kategorieë wat die meeste geraak is deur lumikroom behandeling, in beide Lotus en tamatie, gene was wat geassosieer word met RNS regulasie van transkripsie en sein-netwerke, proteïen sintese/degradasie/wysiging en stres en verdedigings prosesse in plante. Proteïen studies het gewys dat daar 'n daling in die meerderheid van die proteïen vlakke was wat differensieël uitgedruk was. Dit blyk dat lumikroom in 'n groot mate proteïene beïnvloed wat betrokke is by proteïen-vouing en veroorsaak dat proteïen vlakke van glikolitiese ensieme daal. Proteïen studies het gewys dat GS1 en GAPDH in laer vlakke teenwoordig was in lumikroom behandelde plante en daarom is 'n meer doelgerigte analiese gedoen deur gebruik te maak van "northern blot", "western blot" en deur die ensiem aktiwiteite te meet om hulle spesifieke rol in die lumikroom bemiddelde groei vas te stel. Die resultate wys daarop dat GAPDH en GS1 mag onder die invloed van na-translasionele verandering wees. Die invloed van lumikroom op die metabolietvlakke was groot in Lotus wortels, maar dit het minder van 'n effek gehad op tamatie wortels. Die kennis wat opgedoen is deur die paralelle analiese van beide Lotus japonicus en tamatie plante help ons om sleutel gene wat betrokke is by groeistimulasie te identifiseer. Een van die betekenisvolste waarnemings van hierdie studie was dat vir die eerste keer, sover ons kennis strek, ses gene wat almal betrekking het tot verdediging en patogene-reaksies, geidentifiseer is wat gelyktydig in beide Lotus en tamatie uitgedruk word. Deur 'n klein aantal gene te identifiseer, wat betrokke is by groeistimulasie, kan die gene in die toekoms vir funksionele analieses gebruik word deur van keerkoppeling-genetika gebruik te maak. Daardeur sal meer insig verkry word in die molekulêre meganisme wat deur lumikroom as 'n plantgroei stof veroorsaak word.
Lindsay, Robert C. "QUANTITATIVE AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF HABITUATION AT THE MAIZE r1 LOCUS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5655.
Krothapalli, Kartikeya. "Association of plastid lipid metabolism with the activation of systemic acquired resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1058.
Scatigna, André Vito 1989. "Molecular phylogeny and conservation genetics of Philcoxia P.Taylor & V.C.Souza (Plantaginaceae) = Filogenia molecular e genética da conservação de Philcoxia P.Taylor & V.C.Souza (Plantaginaceae)." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314829.
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Philcoxia é um gênero recentemente descrito, composto por quatro espécies reconhecidas e uma nova espécie, endêmicas das formações arenosas do Cerrado e Caatinga. Por conta de sua raridade e da vulnerabilidade de seu habitat, o gênero pode ser considerado criticamente ameaçado de extinção. Recentes evidências filogenéticas sustentam a inclusão do gênero na tribo Gratioleae (Plantaginaceae). Entretanto, as relações de Philcoxia dentro da tribo continuam controversas desde sua descrição. Apresentamos, aqui, estudos filogenéticos de Gratioleae, focados no teste do monofiletismo de Philcoxia, suas relações interespecíficas e seu posicionamento. As análises filogenéticas foram feitas pelos métodos de Máxima Parcimônia e inferência Bayesiana. Sequências dos íntrons rpl16, rps16 e trnL e do espaçador trnL-trnF, todas do DNA cloroplastidial, foram analisadas, incluindo 31 amostras, entre as quais quatro espécies de Philcoxia, 23 outras espécies de Gratioleae e mais quatro táxons (grupo externo) de Plantaginaceae. As espécies de Philcoxia formam um clado fortemente sustentado, irmão de Stemodia stellata. Philcoxia minensis é mais próxima de P. rhizomatosa e P. bahiensis é mais próxima de P. tuberosa. O clado que inlcui Philcoxia e S. stellata é relacionado aos clados formados por Achetaria, Scoparia e alguns representantes de Stemodia. Realizamos, também, o desenvolvimento e caracterização de marcadores microssatélites inéditos para estudos em genética de populações voltados para conservação de P. minensis. Pares de iniciadores foram desenhados para 27 locos de microssatélites e testados em 30 indivíduos de uma população de P. minensis e em quatro indivíduos de P. bahiensis. Dezessete locos foram amplificados com sucesso, doze dos quais se mostraram polimórficos. Os 12 marcadores polimórficos serão usados em futuros estudos relacionados ao sistema de reprodução e à diversidade genética de P. minensis e são potenciais ferramentas para esses estudos com P. bahiensis. Além disso, a nova espécie Philcoxia rhizomatosa é descrita e ilustrada. Ela apresenta folhas maiores que outras espécies do gênero e também possui um rizoma bastante conspícuo e ramificado. Esta nova espécie é aparentemente endêmica de um areal em Botumirim, Minas Gerais, em vegetação de transição entre Cerrado e Caatinga. Testes de carnivoria positivos sugerem que P. rhizomatosa é uma planta carnívora
Abstract: Philcoxia is a recently described genus, composed of four currently recognized species and one additional new species, endemic to the Brazilian sandy formations of the Cerrado and Caatinga. Due to its rarity and the vulnerability of the formation where it occurs, this genus could be treated as critically endangered. Recent evidences from molecular phylogenetics support the inclusion of the genus within the tribe Gratioleae (Plantaginaceae). The affinities of Philcoxia within the tribe, however, have been controversial since it was first described. Here, we present a phylogenetic analysis of Gratioleae, focusing on the test of the monophyly of Philcoxia, its interspecific relationships and its placement. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian approaches. Sequence data from rpl16, rps16 and trnL introns and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer were analysed, including 31 samples representing four species of Philcoxia, 23 additional Gratioleae species and four outgroup taxa from Plantaginaceae. Philcoxia species form a strongly supported clade, sister of Stemodia stellata. Philcoxia minensis is closely related to P. rhizomatosa and P. bahiensis is closer to P. tuberosa. The clade Philcoxia plus S. stellata is related to clades formed by Achetaria, Scoparia and Stemodia representatives. We also developed and characterized new microsatellite markers as tools for further studies in population genetics aiming the conservation of P. minensis. Primer pairs were developed for 27 microsatellite loci and validated in 30 individuals of P. minensis from a natural population and tested in four idivividuals from a natural population of P. bahiensis. Seventeen loci successfully amplified, twelve of which were polymorphic. The 12 polymorphic markers are suitable for studies concerning mating system and genetic diversity of P. minensis and also may be usefull tools to study similar issues regarding its related species, P. bahiensis. In addition, the new species Philcoxia rhizomatosa is described and illustrated. It has bigger leaves than other species in the genus and presents a conspicuous and branched rhizome. This new taxa is possibly endemic to a sand patch in the transition vegetation between the Cerrado and the Caatinga in Botumirim, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Tests for carnivory were performed and showed activity of phosphatase, suggesting that P. rhizomatosa is a carnivorous plant
Mestrado
Biologia Vegetal
Mestre em Biologia Vegetal
Pena, Michelle Mendonça [UNESP]. "DNA Barcoding em Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/136705.
A família Lentibulariaceae Rich. é considerada o maior grupo de plantas carnívoras dentre as angiospermas. Utricularia é o gênero de maior riqueza, com aproximadamente 250 espécies. Diversos estudos de identificação baseados em morfologia foram realizados para a família Lentibulariaceae, porém eles se mostram limitados para determinados grupos de espécies. Com base nisso a aplicação do DNA Barcoding pode ser uma importante alternativa. No presente estudo foram utilizadas sequências de DNA dos espaçadores intergênicos cloroplastidiais trnS-trnG e trnL-trnF e também do gene mitocondrial coxI com o objetivo de testá-las com a abordagem DNA Barcoding na diferenciação intraespecífica, interespecífica e entre as seções do gênero Utricularia. Com base nas matrizes de distâncias, a distância intraespecífica média foi de 0,004 para ambos os marcadores cloroplastidiais e de 0,006 para o gene coxI, a distância interespecífica média foi de 0,260 para trnS-trnG, 0,190 para trnL-trnF, 0,043 para coxI e a distância média entre as seções foi de 0,036, 0,029 e 0,025 para trnS-trnG, trnL-trnF e coxI, respectivamente. A análise baseada na árvore de Neighbor-Joining indicou que a maioria das espécies se agruparam em seções de acordo com o proposto para a filogenia do gênero, formando grupos monofiléticos. A eficácia de discriminação interespecífica foi 82% para trnS-trnG e 61% trnL-trnF, a discriminação intraespecífica foi de 36% para trnS-trnG e 23% para trnL-trnF. O gene mitocondrial coxI apresentou 24% de discriminação inter e intraespecífica, com resolução baixa de espécies na árvores de Neighbor-Joining. Esses resultados demonstram que as regiões cloroplastidiais apresentam informações satisfatórias para separação das espécies em clados que corroboram com a filogenia do grupo e que portanto trnS-trnG e trnL-trnF podem ser considerados bons barcodes para o...
The family Lentibulariaceae Rich. is considered the largest group of carnivorous plants among the angiosperms. Utricularia is the richest genus with approximately 250 species. Several studies based on morphological identification have been published for the family Lentibulariaceae, but they are limited regarding some groups of species. Hence, DNA Barcoding may be an important alternative. The present study used DNA sequences of chloroplast intergenic spacers trnS-trnG and trnL-trnF and also the mitochondrial gene coxI in order to test them with the DNA Barcoding approach to intraspecific, interspecific and between sections differentiation in the Utricularia genus. Based on the distance analyses, the average intraspecific distance was 0.004 for both chloroplast markers and 0.006 for the coxI gene, the average interspecific distance was 0.260 to trnS-trnG, 0.190 to trnL-trnF, 0.043 to coxI and the average distance between sections was 0.036, 0.029 and 0.025 to trnS-trnG, trnL-trnF and coxI, respectively. The analysis based on Neighbor-Joining tree indicated that most species were grouped into sections according to the proposed for the phylogeny of the genus, forming monophyletic groups. The efficacy of interspecies discrimination was 82% to trnS-trnG and 61% to trnL-trnF, intraspecific discrimination was 36% to trnS-trnG and 23% to trnL-trnF. The mitochondrial gene coxI showed 24% of inter and intraspecific discrimination, with low resolution of species on trees Neighbor-Joining. These results demonstrate that the chloroplast regions have satisfactory information to separate species in clades that corroborate the phylogeny of the group and therefore trnS-trnG and trnL-trnF can be considered good barcodes for the Utricularia genus