Academic literature on the topic 'Plant heterosis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Plant heterosis"
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Banerjee, P., and P. Kole. "Heterosis, inbreeding depression and their relationship with genetic divergence in sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.)." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 58, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.58.2010.3.15.
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Seven parents (CST2002, MT34, OS-Sel-2, TKG22, AAUDT9304-14-4, B67 and Rama), their 21 F 1 s and 21 F 2 s were grown in summer 2003 in a randomized block design with three replications. Heterosis and inbreeding depression were studied for seven important yield-contributing characters (plant height, branch number plant −1 , capsules plant −1 , seeds capsule −1 , 1000-seed weight, stick yield plant −1 and seed yield plant −1 ). Maximum heterosis for seed yield plant −1 over the mid- and better-parent was recorded in CST2002×TKG22 (43.30%) and MT34×B67 (27.22%), respectively. Mid-parent heterosis for seed yield plant −1 was due to cumulative heterosis for various important component traits, such as capsules plant −1 , seeds capsule −1 and 1000-seed weight. Inbreeding depression was highest for seed yield, followed by 1000-seed weight, capsules plant −1 , branch number and plant height, indicating the predominance of non-additive genetic effects. B67×Rama exhibited significant positive heterosis in F 1 , but non-significant inbreeding depression in F 2 for seed yield. This cross can be utilized as basic material for identifying better pure lines. The clustering pattern indicated that in general genetically diverse parents exhibited more heterosis, as evident in the majority of the crosses.
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Rehman, Attiq ur, Trang Dang, Shanzay Qamar, Amina Ilyas, Reemana Fatema, Madan Kafle, Zawar Hussain, Sara Masood, Shehyar Iqbal, and Khurram Shahzad. "Revisiting Plant Heterosis—From Field Scale to Molecules." Genes 12, no. 11 (October 24, 2021): 1688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12111688.
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Heterosis refers to the increase in biomass, stature, fertility, and other characters that impart superior performance to the F1 progeny over genetically diverged parents. The manifestation of heterosis brought an economic revolution to the agricultural production and seed sector in the last few decades. Initially, the idea was exploited in cross-pollinated plants, but eventually acquired serious attention in self-pollinated crops as well. Regardless of harvesting the benefits of heterosis, a century-long discussion is continued to understand the underlying basis of this phenomenon. The massive increase in knowledge of various fields of science such as genetics, epigenetics, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics persistently provide new insights to understand the reasons for the expression of hybrid vigor. In this review, we have gathered information ranging from classical genetic studies, field experiments to various high-throughput omics and computational modelling studies in order to understand the underlying basis of heterosis. The modern-day science has worked significantly to pull off our understanding of heterosis yet leaving open questions that requires further research and experimentation. Answering these questions would possibly equip today’s plant breeders with efficient tools and accurate choices to breed crops for a sustainable future.
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V. N. Chinchane, K. H. Deshmukh, and A. V. Shinde. "Study on Heterosis for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Desi Cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.)." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (October 10, 2021): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1010.016.
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The present investigation entitled “Studies on Heterosis for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Desi Cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) was undertaken with the objective to study the scale of heterosis over mid parent (Average heterosis), better parent (Heterobeltiosis) and standard check (Standard heterosis). The line x tester method of analysis was followed involving four females viz., PA 811, PA 839, PA 808 and PAIG 380 and six males viz. AKA 8, JLA 505, PA 812, AKA 7, PA 08 and Phule Dhanwantry for study of heterosis for various yield and yield contributing characters. The F1’s and theis parents were evaluated in Randomized Block Design with two replications. Observations were recorded on Days to 50 % flowering, Plant height (cm), Number of sympodia, Number of bolls/plant, Boll weight (g), Seed index, Seed cotton yield/plant (g) and Lint index. The magnitude of heterosis was highest for seed cotton yield per plant, which was recorded to the extent of 115.28 % over standard check PKV Suvarna in the cross PAIG 380 x AKA 8 followed by 109.68 % over standard check PKVDH 1.
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Feng, Shouqian, Xiaoliu Chen, Shujing Wu, and Xuesen Chen. "Recent Advances in Understanding Plant Heterosis." Agricultural Sciences 06, no. 09 (2015): 1033–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/as.2015.69098.
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Hale, Anna L., and Mark W. Farnham. "Heterosis for Horticultural Traits in Broccoli." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 990C—990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.990c.
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Over the last 3 decades, broccoli (Brassica oleracea L., Italica Group) hybrids made by crossing two inbred lines replaced open-pollinated populations to become the predominant type of cultivar. The change to hybrids evolved with little or no understanding of heterosis or hybrid vigor in this crop. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine levels of heterosis expressed by a set of hybrids derived by crossing relatively elite, modern inbreds (n = 9). A total of 36 hybrids formed by crossing nine parents were evaluated for horticultural characters, including head weight, head stem diameter, plant height, plant width (in a row), and maturity (e.g., days from transplant to harvest) in four environments. When averaged across all four environments, roughly half of the hybrids exhibited high parent heterosis for head weight (1 to 30 g) and stem diameter (0.2 to 3.5 cm). Almost all hybrids showed high parent heterosis for plant height (1 to 10 cm) and width (2 to 13 cm). Unlike other traits, there was negative heterosis for maturity, indicating that heterosis for this character in hybrids is expressed as earliness. With modern broccoli inbreds, heterosis for head characteristics appears less important than for traits that measure plant vigor.
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Goryanina, Tatyana Aleksandrovna. "Features of inheritance of productivity traits by winter rye hybrids in the first generation." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 2 (February 18, 2021): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2021i2pp14-19.
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The results of the study of the inheritance of productivity traits by hybrids of the first generation of winter rye in the fields of the Samara Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences for 2012-2013 are presented. Inheritance of traits and heterosis (hypothetical and somatic) depend not only on the parental forms, but also on climatic factors. Heterosis for grain weight spike is positively correlated with an increased number of spikelets of the spike, number and weight of grains, and plants, weight of ear, degree of dominance and decreases with an increase in internode length (r=-0,23... -0,30). Heterosis for plant height correlated with an increase in the mass of 1000 grains and the "degree of dominance (hp)" plant height, hypothetical increases with increasing productive tillering (r=0,30±0,18), true - decreases with increasing number of grains per spike (r=-0,33±0,18). Heterosis for number of grains per spike increases with increasing number and weight of grain per spike and plant, weight of spike, heterosis for grain weight spike, "the degree of dominance (hp)" weight of grain per spike and number of grains and decreases with increasing the length of the top internode (r=-0,48... -0,49). The heterosis for 1000-grain weight manifested by increasing productive tillering, ear length, the heterosis of grain weight from the ear of heterosis for number of grains, the "degree of dominance (hp)" on the weight of grains in spike, weight of 1000 grains and decreases with increasing number of grains (r=-0,22 -0,33...), true of heterosis for plant height (r=-0,21... -0,22), "degree of dominance (hp)" the number of grains (r=-0,34... -0,38).
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RAIKWAR, R. S. "Heterosis and inbreeding depression for yield and its components traits in barley (Hordeum vulgare)." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90, no. 2 (March 16, 2020): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i2.99007.
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Heterosis and inbreeding depression was analysed using a set of diallel crosses involving 10 diverse parents (excluding reciprocals). Heterosis over standard parent for grain yield per plant ranged from -9.65–45.45 (%) and -14.78–12.05 (%) under normal and late sown conditions, respectively and heterosis over better-parent for grain yield per plant ranged from -26.43–70.77(%) and -32.16–12.05(%) respectively. Nature and magnitude of heterosis and inbreeding depression varied across crosses, characters as well as environments. Considering the very high degree of heterosis in desirable direction, the importance of non-additive components of genetic variance was observed for yield and most of the yield contributing components. Cross II (K 603 × Azad) and cross IV (RD 2618 × PL 708) revealed better specific cross combinations to be used for heterosis. The study revealed good scope for commercial exploitation of heterosis as well as isolation of pure lines among the progenies of heterotic F1 for improvement of yield levels in barley.
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Pandini, Fábio, Natal Antonio Vello, and Ângela Celis de Almeida Lopes. "Heterosis in soybeans for seed yield components and associated traits." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 45, no. 4 (December 2002): 401–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132002000600001.
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The objective of this research was to quantify heterosis of agronomic traits and evaluate direct and indirect correlations among seed yield and other traits. A diallel involving six parents was grown in two localities. Seed yield (PG), one-hundred seed weight (PCS), number of pods per plant (NV), weight of aerial part of the plant (PPA), harvest index (IC) and number of seeds per pod (NGV) were evaluated. Positive values of heterosis were detected for all traits. Estimates of heterosis components were significative for most traits, showing effects of aditivity and dominance. The specific heterosis was more important than the variety heterosis, mainly in the locality Anhembi. MTBR-95-123800 presented the best potential per se and as parent in crosses, but it was excelled by some of the hybrids in the two localities. Number of pods per plant demonstrated to be suitable for indirect selection for PG.
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Ray, Shuma Rani, A. K. M. Aminul Islam, M. G. Rasul, M. M. Hasan Aminul Saikat, and J. U. Ahmed. "Heterobeltiosis and Economic Heterosis for Grain Yield Related Traits of Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 9, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v9i1.34038.
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Rice is a staple food for more than half of the world’s population and to increase the yield potential of rice would be a key factor for mitigating global demands of about 810 million tons of rice by 2025. To exploit the economic importance of heterosis, quantitative valuation was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications for 16 agronomic traits of 5x5 half diallel populations during boro season of 2017-2018. Diallel populations were generated by using five selected parents (P1: BRRI dhan28, P2: BRRI dhan74, P3: BINA dhan10, P4: IR59418-7B-21-3 and P5: BRRI dhan67) where, P1 was considered as standard check to estimate the economic heterosis. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant variability among the genotypes for most of the traits except grain length and length-breadth ratio. The results showed that none of the hybrid combination performed better for all the traits over the three types of heterosis. The highest relative heterosis was recorded in P3×P4 followed by P4×P5 for grain yield plant-1, filled grains panicle-1, effective tillers plant-1. Majority of the cross combinations (>60%) revealed highly significant positive heterosis for grain yield plant-1 over mid parent. Heterobeltiosis for grain yield plant-1 was observed significant for 50% cross combinations and could be utilized in hybrid breeding. Whereas, more than 70% crosses exhibited undesirable negative standard heterosis for grain yield plant-1. Only two cross combinations (P3×P5 and P3×P4) among ten revealed significant positive economic heterosis for grain yield plant-1 and those could be exploited in rice breeding.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(1): 45-53
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Zakeri Haddadan, Assadollah, Mehdi Ghaffari, Eslam Majidi Hervan, and Bahram Alizadeh. "Impact of parent inbred lines on heterosis expression for agronomic characteristics in sunflower." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 56, No. 3 (June 22, 2020): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/100/2019-cjgpb.
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To study the impact of parent-inbred lines on the heterosis expression of the agronomic characteristics in sunflower hybrids, 24 sunflower hybrids along with the parent lines were evaluated for their agronomic characteristics as a randomised complete block design with three replications in the 2018–2019 growing seasons in Karaj, Iran. According to the results, the hybrids R29 × A346, R19 × A346, R29 × A40 had the highest achene yield (4 159, 4 143 and 4 108 kg/ha, respectively), but the highest heterosis was observed in R29 × A212 and R19 × A212 (182 and 181%, respectively) suggesting that the incidence of heterosis is related to the relative performance of both the parents and hybrids. The results confirmed the heterosis expression for most of the agronomic traits. The heterosis for the days to flowering and maturity were negative. All the mid-parent heterosis (MPH) for the plant height, head diameter, stem diameter and achene number were positive, while only the plant height was positive for the best parent heterosis (BPH). Almost all the MPH and BPH of the crosses for the achene and oil yield were positive, which indicates a considerable heterosis for the achene and oil yield. The results showed that the relative impact of the restorer (R)-lines was higher than the cytoplasmic mail sterile (CMS)-lines on the heterosis expression for the days to maturity, stem diameter, achene number per head and achene and oil yield. The CMS-lines had more of an impact on the heterosis expression for the plant height and the relative impact of the R-lines and CMS-lines were almost similar for the days to flowering, head diameter, achene weight and oil content. Due to the higher relative impact of the paternal lines on the heterosis expression for half of the studied characteristics in this study, choosing suitable parental lines will have a crucial role in breeding the sunflowers for a desired trait.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Plant heterosis"
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Abeysinghe, Arachchige Jayami Kaushalya Abeysinghe. "Mechanism of WRKY transcription factors-mediated defense and heterosis in Arabidopsis polyploids." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2018. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/596.
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WRKY transcription factors (TFs) belong to a large family of regulatory proteins in plants that modulate many plant processes. Extensive studies have been conducted on WRKY-mediated defense response in Arabidopsis thaliana and many crop species. This study aims to investigate the potential roles and contributions of WRKY TFs regulation in improving defense response in the resynthesized Arabidopsis allotetraploids (Arabidopsis suecica) from two related autotetraploid progenitors, Arabidopsis thaliana (At4) and Arabidopsis arenosa (Aa). Upon infection by Pseudomonas syringae (Pst), the allotetraploids has showed enhanced resistance against the pathogen when compared to the parents. Rapid induction of WRKY18, WRKY40, WRKY38, WRKY53, WRKY6; MAP kinase pathway related genes, WRKY33, PAD3; SA-pathway related genes, ICS1, EDS1, PBS3, MYB31; was evident in response to Pst and salicylic acid treatment in the allotetraploids. Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences analysis further revealed that the AtWRKY18, AaWRKY40, AtWRKY33, and AtWRKY60 alleles expressed at higher levels when compared to their respective homoeologs in the allotetraploids, suggesting potential altered protein-protein interaction networks in the hybrids. Therefore, a split-luciferase complementation assay was used to characterize and quantify protein-protein interaction among these homoeologous WRKYs in the allotetraploids. Results showed that preferential protein-protein interactions exist for the cis-interacting AtWRKY18/AtWRKY18 homodimer or trans-interacting AtWRKY18/AaWRKY40 heterodimer when compared to the respective interacting complexes. In addition, differential affinities of WRKY18 and WRKY40 homo- and hetero- dimers toward the W-boxes at the WRKY60 promoter were observed. In the allotetraploids, PR1 expression was repressed under basal state when compared to the progenitors. Although PR1 is expressed at a higher level in A. thaliana, its expression fold change was higher and faster in the all otetraploids upon salicylic acid treatment. Transient expression of WRKY18 or WRKY40 homodimer in various combinations induced differential expression of PR1 gene in their respective wrky18 and wrky40 Arabidopsis thaliana mutants. In contrast, similar PR1 induction by homodimer in various combinations was observed when they were transiently expressed in the allotetraploids. In addition, transgenic AtWRKY18 overexpression plant displayed enhanced disease resistance against Pst when compared to AaWRKY18 overexpression lines. Such enhanced disease resistance was found to associate with the higher expression of PR1 and PR2 in AtWRKY18 transgenic lines. Moreover, differential Pst-induced expression of the direct targets (ICS1, EDS1 and PBS3) of WRKY18 in the Arabidopsis AtWRKY18 and AaWRKY18 overexpressors supported a biological difference between the At and Aa homodimers in mediating the targets regulation, thus contributing to the difference in disease responses. Overall, our findings suggested that the rapid differential alleles expression and altered protein-protein or protein-DNA interactions of WRKY transcription factors could contribute to the improved defense in the allotetraploids, providing a molecular basis of for heterotic phenotype development in hybrids.
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Ball, Dale Warren. "Combining ability, protein, heterosis, and prediction of F₁ performance with RFLPs in a diallel of maize." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37452.
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Improving protein quality and identifying superior inbreds and hybrids are significant challenges in commercial maize breeding programs. These two problems were addressed in separate studies on inbreds and hybrids from a complete diallel cross of 12 elite proprietary inbred lines of maize evaluated in field trials in two locations for two years. One of the inbreds (WI) was a novel source of high quality protein obtained from Wilson Seeds, Inc. in Harlan, Iowa. In the first study, diallel analyses were used to study combining ability and types of gene action important in the inheritance of protein content, grain yield, grain moisture at harvest, time to silk, kernel hardness, and density. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were highly significant for all traits indicating presence of both additive and non-additive effects, respectively. Reciprocal effects (REe), often assumed to be absent in maize diallel studies, were significant for grain yield and protein concentration, suggesting that choice of female parent may be important for these traits. Ratios expressing the relative importance of GCA and SCA indicated that protein concentration is controlled primarily by additive gene action. In the second study, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) data were obtained for the 12 inbreds using 42 genomic clones each with four restriction enzymes. Modified Roger's distances were calculated and used in cluster analyses for heterotic grouping of the inbreds. Two measures of level of heterozygosity and hybrid value were evaluated as means of predicting Fl performance of hybrids in the complete diallel set of hybrids and in groups of hybrids representing crosses between and within heterotic groups. Results from this study confirm those of previous investigations with respect to prediction of hybrid performance when comparable groupings of crosses between related and unrelated lines were evaluated. This study further indicates that RFLPs may also be useful for prediction of hybrid performance in situations typical of early generations of many maize breeding programs where recombinant inbreds are testcrossed to a common tester inbred.Ph. D.
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Heckenberger, Martin. "Identification of essentially derived varieties in maize (Zea mays L.) using molecular markers, morphological traits, and heterosis." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11514040.
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Sa, Ariadne Felicio Lopo de. "Mutations affecting tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom) response to salt stress and their physiological meaning." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11144/tde-26092016-125619/.
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Salinity is a challenge for crop productivity. Hence, plants exposed to saline environments reduce their vegetative and reproductive growth due to adverse effects of specific ions on metabolism and water relations. In order to cope with salinity, plants display physiological mechanisms based on three main aspects: i) source-sink relationships, ii) resource allocation and iii) alterations in endogenous hormone levels. The roles of developmental and hormonal mechanisms in salt response were investigated here. We employed mutants and transgenic tomato plants affecting different aspects of plant development and hormone response in the same genetic background (cultivar Micro-Tom). The following genotypes were used: Galapagos dwarf (Gdw), Lanata (Ln), lutescent (l), single flower truss (sft), sft heterozygous (sft/+), diageotropica (dgt), entire (e), Never ripe (Nr), epinastic (epi), procera (pro), notabilis (not), anti sense Chloroplastic carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 7 (35S::asCCD7) and Salicylate hydroxylase (35S::nahG). Among the developmental genotypes studied, sft and l, involved in flower induction and senescence, respectively, were less affected when exposed to salt stress. Although l is considered deleterious due to its precocious senescence, it presented greater shoot biomass and leaf area during salinity. The heterozygous sft/+, whose high productivity was recently linked to an improved vegetative-to-reproductive balance, changed this balance and lowered its yield more than the control MT upon salt treatment. In the analysis of genotypes affecting hormonal status/signaling four kinds of salt responses among the genotypes were observed: i) High shoot growth in spite of high Na:K ratio presented by the strigolactone deficient and high branching CCD7 transgene; ii) High shoot growth and reduced accumulation of Na in tissues (probably due to dilution) presented by the auxin constitutive response e mutant; iii) The opposite response observed in \"ii\" presented by the low auxin sensitivity dgt mutant and iv) growth inhibition combined with reduced levels of Na and higher accumulation of K presented by the not mutant, which produces less ABA. Taken together, the results presented here points to novel developmental mechanisms, such as the promotion of moderate senescence and vegetative growth, and hormonal imbalances to be explored in the pursuing of crops resistant to salt stress.A salinidade é um desafio para a produtividade agrícola, uma vez que plantas expostas à salinidade tem o crescimento vegetativo e reprodutivo reduzido devido aos efeitos adversos de íons específicos no metabolismo e nas relações hídricas. A fim de lidar com a salinidade, as plantas desempenham mecanismos fisiológicos baseados em três principais características: i) relações fonte-dreno; ii) alocação de reservas e iii) alterações nos níveis endógenos de hormônios. Nesse trabalho, investigamos a relação entre os processos de desenvolvimento e de regulação hormonal com a resposta à salinidade. Para tanto foram usados genótipos de tomateiro com alteração em diferentes vias de desenvolvimento e de produção ou sinalização de hormônios vegetais. Os seguintes genótipos foram usados: Galapagos dwarf (Gdw), Lanata (Ln), lutescent (l), single flower truss (sft), sft heterozygous (sft/+), diageotropica (dgt), entire (e), Never ripe (Nr), epinastic (epi), procera (pro), notabilis (not), anti sense Dioxigenase cloroplastídica de carotenoide 7 (35S::asCCD7) e Salicilato hidroxilase (35S::nahG). Entre os genótipos de desenvolvimento estudados, sft e l, relacionados à menor indução floral e senescência respectivamente, foram os menos afetados quando expostos à salinidade. O genótipo l acumulou maior biomassa e área foliar, apesar de ser considerado deletério devido à senescência precoce. As plantas heterozigotas, sft/+, cuja maior produtividade foi recentemente relacionada a um melhor balanço vegetativo/reprodutivo, alteraram esse balanço sob salinidade e reduziram sua produtividade mais que o controle MT sob estresse salino. Na análise dos genótipos com alteração hormonais foram observados quatro tipos de respostas à salinidade: i) elevado crescimento da parte aérea, apesar da razão Na:K ser alta no genótipo CCD7 cujo transgene induz deficiência de estrigolactona e excessiva ramificação; ii) elevado crescimento e acúmulo reduzido de Na nos tecidos (devido provavelmente a diluição) apresentada pelo mutante de resposta constitutiva a auxina e; iii) o oposto da resposta anterior foi apresentado pelo mutante pouco sensível à auxina , dgt; iv) inibição do crescimento combinado com nível reduzido de Na e alto acúmulo de K apresentada pelo mutante not que produz menos ácido abscísico. Considerados em conjunto, os resultados apresentaram temas para novos mecanismos de desenvolvimento, como a promoção moderada de senescência e do crescimento vegetativo além dos desbalanços hormonais, para serem explorados na busca de culturas resistentes ao estresse salino.
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Capelin, Marcio Andrei. "Heterose e capacidade de combinação em trigo envolvendo fontes de genes de nanismo." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/857.
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A introdução de genes Rht, oriundos principalmente de programas de melhoramento
da Ásia, Europa, Estados Unidos e México permitiu o avanço da cultura do trigo
(Triticum aestivum L.) para áreas consideradas marginais. Nesse contexto, este
trabalho se propõe avaliar a capacidade de combinação, heterose e heterobeltiose
em um dialelo 8x8 afim de verificar o efeito pleiotrópico (único gene controla diversas
características do fenótipo), ou seja, além da estatura, quais os componentes de
rendimento que estão sendo alterados quando cultivares de maior estatura são
cruzados com as linhas anãs CD 0827, CD 0985 e UTF 0605 disponibilizadas por programas de melhoramento genético nacionais de trigo. O experimento foi conduzido em Pato Branco – PR, na safra agrícola de 2012, em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados com três repetições. As hibridações foram realizadas com oito genitores, sendo três anões (CD 0827, CD 0985 e UTF 0605) e BRS Pardela, Safira, BRS Tangará, CD 111 e CD 108, escolhidos por apresentarem estatura de planta média à elevada, potencial produtivo e demais caracteres agronômicos de interesse. Os valores dos quadrados médios da capacidade geral de combinação (CGC) foram superiores à capacidade específica de combinação
(CEC) para todos os caracteres estudados, demonstrando maior contribuição dos
efeitos gênicos aditivos. A capacidade geral de combinação das linhagens anãs (CD
0827, CD 0985 e UTF 0605) indicou as maiores contribuições para a redução da estatura de planta, em ambas as gerações avaliadas, com destaque para a linhagem UTF 0605. A CGC também indica que os genitores UTF 0605, Safira e BRS Tangará maximizam o número de afilhos férteis por planta (AFPL) e CD 0985 e CD 111 se mostraram efetivos em aumentar o número de grãos por planta (NGE). Os genitores Safira, BRS Tangará, CD 108 e entre as anãs CD 0827 se destacaram com os mais elevados valores quanto a CGC para rendimento de grãos por planta (RGP). Os
genitores anãos UTF 0605, CD 0985 e CD 0827 são fontes promissoras de genes aditivos para o desenvolvimento de progênies de menor estatura de planta e maior número de afilhos férteis por planta, grãos por espiga e massa de mil grãos. Os cruzamentos CD 0827 x Safira, UTF 0605 x Safira, CD 0985 x CD 111, CD 0985 x CD 108, UTF 0605 x CD 111, UTF 0605 x BRS Tangará destacaram-se com maiores
valores de capacidade específica de combinação para rendimento de grãos, e os
dois primeiros foram superiores quando se considera os valores de heterose e
heterobeltiose e depressão endogâmica. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram a
viabilidade de utilização de linhagens anãs em programas de melhoramento genético.The introduction of Rht genes, mainly from breeding programs in Asia, Europe, United States and Mexico has allowed the advancement of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to marginal areas considered. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the combining ability, heterosis and heterosis in a 8x8 diallel order to verify the pleiotropic effect (single gene controls several features of the phenotype), in other words, beyond the stature which components of income that are being changed when taller cultivars are crossed with dwarf lines CD 0827, CD 0985 and UTF 0605 provided by national wheat breeding programs. The experiment was conducted in Pato Branco - PR in the 2012 harvest, in a randomized block design with three replications. Hybridizations were performed with eight parents, three of them dwarfs (CD 0827 , CD 0985 and UTF 0605), BRS Pardela, Safira , BRS Tangara, CD 111 and CD 108. The values of the mean squares for GCA were higher than SCA for all traits indicating higher contribution of additive genetic effects. The general combining ability of the dwarf lines (CD 0827 , CD 0985 and UTF 0605) indicated the greatest contributions to the reduction of plant height in both generations evaluated, highlighting the UTF 0605 lineage. The CGC also indicates that UTF 0605, Safira and BRS Tangará parents maximize the number of fertile tillers per plant (NFPP) and CD 0985 , CD 111 were effective in increasing the number of grains per spike (NGS). The Safira, BRS Tangará, CD 108 and CD 0827 between dwarf parents stood out with the highest values for GCA for grain yield per plant (GYP) . The dwarf parents UTF 0605, CD 0985 and CD 0827 are promising sources of additive genes for the development of progenies of lower plant height and increased number of fertile tillers per plant, grains per spike and thousand grain weight. The CD 0827 x Safira, UTF 0605 x Safira, CD 0985 x CD 111, CD 0985 x CD 108, UTF 0605 x CD 111, UTF 0605 x BRS Tangará stood out with higher values of specific combining ability for grain yield, and the first two were higher when considering the values of heterosis and heterosis and inbreeding depression. The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of using plant population used in breeding programs.
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Gonçalves, Edilma Pereira [UNESP]. "Avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de mutamba (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.) por meio de diferentes testes de vigor." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105118.
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goncalves_ep_dr_jabo.pdf: 289095 bytes, checksum: 7269bd2d477247a23b6cbac1169ace2c (MD5)O trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a eficiência de diferentes testes de vigor para identificação do potencial fisiológico de quatro lotes de sementes de mutamba (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.). O estudo foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes e no Viveiro Experimental de Plantas Ornamentais e Florestais - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP. Foram utilizados quatro lotes de sementes provenientes de três localidades paulistas: lotes I e 11, coletados no município de Jaboticabal em 2000 e 2001, respectivamente, lote 111, coletado em Santa Rita do Passo Quatro, e lote IV, coletado em Luiz Antonio, os dois últimos em 2001. As sementes utilizadas em todos os testes foram escarificadas com ácido sulfúrico durante 50 minutos e lavadas em água corrente durante 15 minutos. Foram avaliados: teor de água, teste de germinação, teste de primeira contagem, índice de velocidade de germinação, emergência em viveiro, índice de velocidade de emergência, envelhecimento acelerado conduzido nas temperaturas de 410e e 450e, durante nove períodos de avaliação, e condutividade elétrica com diferentes números de sementes (50, 75, 100), postas para embeber em copos de plástico contendo 50, 75 e 100 mL de água desionizada, à temperatura de 250e, fazendo leituras freqüentes durante 72 horas. Os teores de água das sementes nos diferentes lotes apresentaram pequenas variações (9,2 a 10,0 %). Não foram verificadas diferenças estatísticas para a porcentagem de germinação, emergência em viveiro e índice de velocidade de emergência. Diante dos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que o envelhecimento acelerado pode ser realizado na temperatura de 41°C por um período mínimo de 120 horas ou a 45°C durante 96 horas para avaliação do potencial fisiológico, e o teste de condutividade elétrica não se mostrou adequado para avaliação do potencial fisiológico das sementes...
The work had as objective to compare the efficiency of different vigor tests for identification of the physiologic potential in four lots of Guazuma ulmífolia seeds. The experiments were carried out at Jaboticabal, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Four seed lots from three places of São Paulo State were used: lots I and 11, collected in the municipal district of Jaboticabal in 2000 and 2001, lot 111, collected in Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, and lot IV, collected in Luiz Antonio, the last two in 2001. The seeds used in ali the tests were escarified with sulfuric acid during 50 minutes, and washed in running water during 15 minutes. The results were evaluated with base on seed moisture content, germination test, first count test, germination speed index, emergency in nursery, emergency speed index, accelerated aging at the temperatures of 41°C and 45°C (nine evaluation periods of time) and electric conductivity with different numbers of seeds (50,75, 100), put to soak in plastic boxes containing 50, 75 and 100 mL of water, at 25°C, with frequent observations during 72 hours. The seed moisture content in the different lots presented small variations (9,2 to 10,0%). Statistical differences were not verified for the germination percentage, emergency in nursery and emergency speed index. It was concluded that the accelerated aging at 41°C during a minimum period of 120 hours or at 45°C during 96 hours can be used for evaluation of the physiologic potential of the seeds, and the test of electric conductivity was not appropriate for this purpose. The test of first count and index of germination speed showed to be adequate for evaluation of the physiologic potential of the lots. The germination tests, emergency in nursery and index of emergency speed did not detect differences in the physiologic potential of the studied lots. The seeds lot from Santa Rita do Passa Quatro presented physiologic potential superior to the other lots.
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Valdovinos, Tamara Mariel. "Divergência genética entre árvores matrizes de Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Vell.) Mattos a partir de caracteres biométricos de frutos e sementes e de qualidade fisiológica de sementes /." Jaboticabal, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143923.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Rinaldo César de PaulaBanca: Miguel Luiz menezes Freitas
Banca: Sérgio Valiengo Valeri
Resumo: Handroanthus heptaphyllus (ipê-roxo) é uma árvore tropical da família Bignoniaceae, com ocorrência natural em diversas regiões fitoecológicas brasileiras. Apresenta alto valor econômico pela boa qualidade de sua madeira para produtos nobres, além do uso medicinal. Muito usada para a restauração de ecossistemas florestais e para fins paisagísticos. Este trabalho objetivou estudar a divergência genética entre árvores matrizes de H. heptaphyllus a partir de caracteres biométricos de frutos e sementes e de qualidade fisiológica de sementes. Foram coletadas sementes de 25 árvores matrizes localizadas no Câmpus da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, da Universidade Estadual Paulista e na área urbana da cidade de Jaboticabal (SP). Ao todo, foram avaliados 19 caracteres sendo oito caracteres biométricos de frutos e sementes e 11 relacionados à qualidade fisiológica de sementes, aferida pelos testes de germinação, de condutividade elétrica, envelhecimento acelerado e de submersão. A divergência genética foi avaliada pelo método hierárquico de Ward e de dispersão por Componentes Principais, a partir da Distância Euclidiana calculada entre pares de árvores matrizes considerando-se três situações: i) apenas os caracteres biométricos; ii) apenas os caracteres de qualidade fisiológica das sementes e iii) os caracteres biométricos e de qualidade fisiológica das sementes simultaneamente. Para verificação da importância relativa de cada variável para a divergência genética usou-se ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Mestre
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Gonçalves, Edilma Pereira. "Avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de mutamba (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.) por meio de diferentes testes de vigor /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105118.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Maria Esmeralda Soares Payão DemattêBanca: Teresinha de Jesus Deléo Rodrigues
Banca: Sonia Cristina Juliano Gualtieri de Andrade Perez
Banca: Rosiris Bergemann de Aguiar Silveira
Banca: Rinaldo Cesar de Paula
Resumo: O trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a eficiência de diferentes testes de vigor para identificação do potencial fisiológico de quatro lotes de sementes de mutamba (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.). O estudo foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes e no Viveiro Experimental de Plantas Ornamentais e Florestais - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP. Foram utilizados quatro lotes de sementes provenientes de três localidades paulistas: lotes I e 11, coletados no município de Jaboticabal em 2000 e 2001, respectivamente, lote 111, coletado em Santa Rita do Passo Quatro, e lote IV, coletado em Luiz Antonio, os dois últimos em 2001. As sementes utilizadas em todos os testes foram escarificadas com ácido sulfúrico durante 50 minutos e lavadas em água corrente durante 15 minutos. Foram avaliados: teor de água, teste de germinação, teste de primeira contagem, índice de velocidade de germinação, emergência em viveiro, índice de velocidade de emergência, envelhecimento acelerado conduzido nas temperaturas de 410e e 450e, durante nove períodos de avaliação, e condutividade elétrica com diferentes números de sementes (50, 75, 100), postas para embeber em copos de plástico contendo 50, 75 e 100 mL de água desionizada, à temperatura de 250e, fazendo leituras freqüentes durante 72 horas. Os teores de água das sementes nos diferentes lotes apresentaram pequenas variações (9,2 a 10,0 %). Não foram verificadas diferenças estatísticas para a porcentagem de germinação, emergência em viveiro e índice de velocidade de emergência. Diante dos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que o envelhecimento acelerado pode ser realizado na temperatura de 41°C por um período mínimo de 120 horas ou a 45°C durante 96 horas para avaliação do potencial fisiológico, e o teste de condutividade elétrica não se mostrou adequado para avaliação do potencial fisiológico das sementes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The work had as objective to compare the efficiency of different vigor tests for identification of the physiologic potential in four lots of Guazuma ulmífolia seeds. The experiments were carried out at Jaboticabal, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Four seed lots from three places of São Paulo State were used: lots I and 11, collected in the municipal district of Jaboticabal in 2000 and 2001, lot 111, collected in Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, and lot IV, collected in Luiz Antonio, the last two in 2001. The seeds used in ali the tests were escarified with sulfuric acid during 50 minutes, and washed in running water during 15 minutes. The results were evaluated with base on seed moisture content, germination test, first count test, germination speed index, emergency in nursery, emergency speed index, accelerated aging at the temperatures of 41°C and 45°C (nine evaluation periods of time) and electric conductivity with different numbers of seeds (50,75, 100), put to soak in plastic boxes containing 50, 75 and 100 mL of water, at 25°C, with frequent observations during 72 hours. The seed moisture content in the different lots presented small variations (9,2 to 10,0%). Statistical differences were not verified for the germination percentage, emergency in nursery and emergency speed index. It was concluded that the accelerated aging at 41°C during a minimum period of 120 hours or at 45°C during 96 hours can be used for evaluation of the physiologic potential of the seeds, and the test of electric conductivity was not appropriate for this purpose. The test of first count and index of germination speed showed to be adequate for evaluation of the physiologic potential of the lots. The germination tests, emergency in nursery and index of emergency speed did not detect differences in the physiologic potential of the studied lots. The seeds lot from Santa Rita do Passa Quatro presented physiologic potential superior to the other lots.
Doutor
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Melo, Paulo Alexandre Fernandes Rodrigues de. "Testes de vigor e sanidade de sementes de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú e Xaraés /." Jaboticabal, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143423.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Cibele Chalita MartinsCoorientadora: Edna Ursulino Alves
Banca: Letícia Ane Sizuki Nociti Dezem
Banca: Silvelena Vanzolini Segato
Banca: Rita de Cássia Panizzi
Banca: Rinaldo Cesar de Paula
Resumo: Dentro de um programa de controle de qualidade, a avaliação da sanidade e do vigor das sementes é necessária para o sucesso da produção. Assim, o trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de identificar os fungos e verificar a eficiência de testes de vigor na diferenciação da qualidade dos lotes de sementes de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú e Xaraés, visando obter informações sobre a qualidade sanitária das sementes e a emergência de plântulas em campo. Vinte lotes de sementes produzidas nos Estados de Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo e Bahia foram submetidos à avaliação do teor de água, germinação e microflora fúngica, realizada pelo método do papel de filtro (blotter-test). Para avaliar o vigor e potencial fisiológico foram utilizados dezessete lotes de sementes, sendo oito da cultivar Marandú e nove da Xaraés, avaliados quanto ao teor de água, testes de germinação e vigor (primeira contagem de germinação, condutividade elétrica, emergência de plântulas, primeira contagem e índice de velocidade de emergência de plântulas em areia no laboratório e emergência de plântulas em campo). A microflora fúngica diagnosticada em sementes comerciais de capim marandú e xaraés é constituída por Helminthosporium sp., Fusarium sp., Phoma sp., Curvularia sp., Pyricularia grisea, Chaetomium sp., Nigrospora sp., Colletotrichum sp. e Aspergillus sp. não afeta a germinação de sementes de capim-marandú, no entanto, a incidência de Fusarium sp. e Aspergillus sp. reduz... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Within a quality control program, the evaluation of health and seeds vigor are fundamental and necessary for the successful production. Thus, this study was conducted in order to identify fungi and verify the efficiency of vigor tests in the quality differentiating of Brachiaria brizantha cv., Marandu and Xaraes seed lots, in order to obtain information that improve the sanitary quality of seeds and seedling emergence in the field. Twenty seed lots produced in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Goias, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo and Bahia were evaluated for water content, germination and fungal microflora by the filter paper method (blotter-test). To evaluate the vigor and potential physiological were used seventeen seed lots, eight of the cultivar Marandu and nine of the Xaraes submitted to the germination test, first counting of germination test, electrical conductivity, seedling emergence, first germination count and seedling emergence speed index in the sand performed in the laboratory and emergency seedling tests in the field. The fungal microflora diagnosed in commercial seed lots of marandu and xaraes grasses consists of Helminthosporium sp., Fusarium sp., Phoma sp., Curvularia sp., Pyricularia grisea, Chaetomium sp., Nigrospora sp., Colletotrichum sp. and Aspergillus sp.. germination of marandu grass seeds was not affected by the incidence of fungi. The incidence of Fusarium sp. and Aspergillus sp reduces the germination of xaraes Regarding producing locations... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Ali, Md Shahjahan. "Cytology, inbreeding depression, and heterosis of Cuphea Lanceolata Ait." Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36142.
Full textBooks on the topic "Plant heterosis"
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Rai, Bhupendra. Heterosis breeding. 2nd ed. Delhi: Agro-Biological Publications, 2001.
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International Symposium on the Genetics and Exploitation of Heterosis in Crops (1997 Mexico City, Mexico). Genetics and exploitation of heterosis in crops. Edited by Coors J. G, Pandey Shivaji, and International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center. Madison, Wis., USA: American Society of Agronomy, 1999.
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Kaminskai͡a, L. N. Rekurrentnai͡a selekt͡sii͡a. Minsk: "Nauka i tekhnika", 1985.
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Plant Breeding Symposium (1996 Indianapolis, Ind.). Concepts and breeding of heterosis in crop plants: Proceedings of the Plant Breeding Symposium sponsored by the Crop Science Society of America and the American Society of Horticultural Science, 3 November 1996, in Indianapolis, Indiana. Edited by Lamkey Kendall R, Staub Jack E, Viney Marian K, Crop Science Society of America., and American Society for Horticultural Science. Madison, Wis: Crop Science Society of America, 1998.
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Vietnam) Workshop on Plant Mutation Breeding (8th 2000 Hanoi. Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Plant Mutation Breeding: Effective use of physical/chemical mutagens : October 9-13, 2000, Hanoi, Vietnam. Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken, Japan: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, 2001.
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Larnkey, Kendall R., and Jack E. Staub, eds. Concepts and Breeding of Heterosis in Crop Plants. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub25.
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A, Vakhitov V., Starova N. V, and Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR. Bashkirskiĭ filial. Otdel biokhimii i t͡s︡itokhimii., eds. Biokhimicheskie i fiziologo-geneticheskie osnovy geterozisa i gomeostaza rasteniĭ. Ufa: Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR, Bashkirskiĭ filial, Otdel biokhimii i t͡s︡itokhimii, 1986.
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Ali, Md Shahjahan. Cytology, inbreeding depression, and heterosis of Cuphea Lanceolata Ait. 1991.
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Lamkey, Kendall R. Concepts and Breeding of Heterosis in Crop Plants: Proceedings of the Plant Breeding Symposium Sponsored by the Crop Science Society of America and th (CSSA Special Publication). Soil Science Society of America, 1998.
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Larnkey, Kendall R., and Jack E. Staub. Concepts and Breeding of Heterosis in Crop Plants. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2015.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Plant heterosis"
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Priyadarshan, P. M. "Heterosis." In PLANT BREEDING: Classical to Modern, 301–28. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7095-3_15.
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Siddiq, E. A., O. P. Govila, and S. S. Banga. "Heterosis in Crop Improvement." In Plant Breeding, 451–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1040-5_19.
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Rhodes, David, Grace C. Ju, Wen-Ju Yang, and Yiannis Samaras. "Plant Metabolism and Heterosis." In Plant Breeding Reviews, 53–91. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470650011.ch3.
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Stuber, Charles W. "Heterosis in Plant Breeding." In Plant Breeding Reviews, 227–51. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470650493.ch8.
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Charcosset, A. "Prediction of Heterosis." In Reproductive Biology and Plant Breeding, 355–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76998-6_34.
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Virmani, S. S., M. P. Pandey, I. S. Singh, and Wei Jun Xu. "Classical and Molecular Concepts of Heterosis." In Plant Breeding, 407–18. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1040-5_17.
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Ortiz Ríos, Rodomiro. "Heterosis and Interspecific Hybridization." In Plant Breeding in the Omics Era, 79–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20532-8_5.
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Rood, Stewart B., and Richard P. Pharis. "Hormones and Heterosis in Plants." In Plant Hormones and their Role in Plant Growth and Development, 463–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3585-3_24.
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Scholten, Stefan, and Alexander Thiemann. "Transcriptome-Based Prediction of Heterosis and Hybrid Performance." In Diagnostics in Plant Breeding, 265–79. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5687-8_13.
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Koltunow, Anna M. G., and Matthew R. Tucker. "Advances in Apomixis Research: Can we Fix Heterosis?" In Plant Biotechnology 2002 and Beyond, 38–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2679-5_7.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Plant heterosis"
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Маковей, Милания. "Использование мутантных генов томата при селекции на гетерозис." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.60.
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The article presents the results on the use of lines of carriers of mutant marker genes in crossings to obtain heterotic F1 hybrids. The degree of dominance of the main traits of determining productivity (the duration of the growing season, the average number of flowers on inflorescences, the number of fruits and the mass of the fruit), depending on the characteristics of the initial parental forms, is shown. Combina-tions of hybrids with a high effect of heterosis in all studied features are isolated.
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Cotelea, Ludmila, Maria Gonceariuc, Violeta Butnaras, and Pantelimon Botnarenco. "Manifestarea heterozisului la hibrizi F1 de Salvia sclarea L." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.54.
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22 hybrids F1 of Salvia sclarea L., were evaluated, which show heterosis in a series of quantitative characters, which directly influence productivity, at the same time being a valuable breeding material for the elaboration of few varieties of hybrid origin. They showed a remarkable effect of heterosis on the number of branches of the inflorescence a hybrid in steps: +55.8% in relation to the maternal form and +61.4 % in relation to the paternal form. The essential oil content is high (0.877–1.836%); the highest ef-fect of heterosis being recorded by a stepped hybrid: +25.0% in relation to the maternal form, +87.9% in relation to the paternal form.
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Михайлов, Михаил. "Гетерозис у кукурузы: к вопросу о преобладающем типе внутрилокусных взаимодействий." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.19.
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Heterosis in maize: toward prevalence type of intralocus interactions. In the biometrical genetic analysis of maize productivity, performed according to the North Caroline III design, unbiased estimates were used to calculate the average degree of dominance, in which, on average, the effect of linkage was eliminated. The hybrids Rf7×Ku123, MK01×A619 were studied, and unbiased estimates were calculated for four more hybrids according to the literature data. For genes controlling productivity, unbiased estimates of the average degree of dominance ranged from 0.65 to 0.87 for different hybrids. The result indicates that the heterosis effect in maize is more likely to be caused by dominant interactions than over-dominant ones.
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Mirskaya, Galina, N. Rushina, N. Sinyavina, A. Kochetov, and Yuriy Chesnokov. "Using insensitive PPD-D1a allele for the early forms selection of bread wheat in the initial selection stages." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.42.
Full textAbstract:
Determination the photoperiod-insensitive allele (Ppd-D1a) in wheat cultivars is necessary for use in breeding development of newly wheat cultivars. The aim of our study was to select breeding material by screening Ppd-D1 gene alleles and estimation value and the degree of heterosis in F1. Using these two methods, it is possible to select genetic material for increased breeding of new wheat lines that combine earliness and increased productivity. In this study 26 varieties of spring soft wheat were screened for the Ppd-D1 gene alleles. The Ppd-D1a allele was detected in 12 wheat varieties (ITMI 10, 29, 47, 57, 58, 59, 60, 89, 94, AFI-91, AFI-177, Opata 85), the recessive Ppd-D1b allele was detected in 14 wheat varieties (ITMI 7, 31, 32, 44, 80, 88, 83, 115, Zlata, Lisa, Agata, Lubava, W7984). Based on the results of a comprehensive assessment, parental pairs were chosen and 10 recombinants were obtained. Based on estimation value and the degree of heterosis of the main ear traits in F1, such as "ear length", "number of grains from the ear" and "weight of grains from the ear" were identified 4 crosses as initial to create wheat cultivars that combine earliness and increased productivity.
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Лятамборг, Светлана, Ефимия Веверицэ, Сильвия Ротарь, and Андрей Горе. "Основные результаты создания новых форм озимых тритикале." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.81.
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The article presents the results of creation a new source material of triticale by the method of intraspecific, interspecific and intergeneric hybridization. The tying of seeds is highly dependent on the conditions of the year and the combination of crosses. As a result of the analysis signs of productivity, it was found that hybrids obtained in interspecific combinations of triticale crosses are more productive and have the effect of heterosis in relation to the parental forms. Intraspecific, interspecific, intergeneric and other improving crosses are the main means of expanding the biodiversity of triticale, creating new, more advanced varieties.
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Balmus, Zinaida, and Ludmila Cotelea. "Parfum perfect soi timpuriu de Salvia sclarea L." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.48.
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The biological Salvia sclarea L. (sage) is a species with a special economic value, determined by the essential oil that has multiple uses in perfumery, cosmetics, aromatherapy, food, etc. The variety Par-fum Perfect is a triple hybrid with constant heterosis. The content of essential oil was determined three times per season through hydro distillation in Ginsberg apparatus and recalculated for dry matter. The production of essential oil in two years of harvesting constitutes 73,5kg/ha (8,7 kg/ha in first year and 64,8 in second year). The variety's efficiency is 3,2kg essential oil of per ton of inflorescences.
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"Peculiarities of heterosis manifested by yield and fruit quality traits in pepper F1 hybrids developed using classical and MAS methods." In Current Challenges in Plant Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Biotechnology. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk State University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/icg-plantgen2019-72.
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Musteata, Simion, Pantelimon Borozan, and Valentina Spinu. "Germoplasma de porumb utilă la crearea liniilor consangvinizate timpurii." In VIIth International Scientific Conference “Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding”. Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/gppb7.2021.67.
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The evolution of germplasm incorporated into 477 inbred lines of early maize developed in 1981-2019 years are presented here. It is concluded that for modern maize breeding more useful germplasm are alternative heterotic groups Euroflint mixt, Reid Iodent, BSSS-B37 and Lancaster. A comparative study of 20 inbred lines from 3 heterotic groups demonstrated the performance of Reid Iodent germplasm as seed, female parents. In the mentioned period 35 original inbred lines used as parents of registered hy-brids have been created.
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Abramov, A. G., and I. N. Abramova. "Influence of heterosis value in spring wheat hybrids on the efficiency of valuable selection." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-78.
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The article presents the results of the influence of the magnitude of heterosis on the main elements of the formation of yield (grain size and productivity of the main spike) of spring wheat in the Irkutsk region. The following were used as maternal varieties: Irgina, Krasnoyarskaya 83, Tulun 15, Tselinnaya 60, Altayskaya 92, Niva 2 and a variety from Mongolia Orkhon 85, as testers - Skala, Angara 86, Tulunskaya 12 The best indicators of hypothetical heterosis were manifested by the number of grains in ear in combinations Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Angara 86, Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Skala, Altai 92 × Skala (81.6 ... 85.7%). In terms of grain weight from the main spike, the best results of hypothetical heterosis were noted in hybrid combinations Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Angara 86, Orkhon 85 × Angara 86, Ni-va × Angara 86, Altai 92 × Angara 86 (100.0 ... 130.7%) ... Krasnoyarskaya 83 × Angara 86, Altai 92 × Angara 86, Or-khon × Angara 86 are recognized as the best hybrid combinations that can give the greatest yield of transgressive forms of elite plants.
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AL-Rukabi, M. N., and V. I. Leunov. "Evaluation of tomato hybrids with different level of ripe rate under hydroponic conditions (fitopyramide)." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-49.
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Greenhouse tomatoes are divided into early, medium and late-maturing. The days from seedling germination to the first harvest are taken into account. Tomato has a huge potential for heterosis in terms of precocity, overall yield, signs of resistance and uniformity. The preferred agricultural method is hydroponics, which allows you to grow plants without using soil, only using mineral nutrient solutions in water. The cultivation of tomato plants on the " Fitopyramida " will allow to sell their products in the periods with the highest realized prices. An experiment on variety testing of 11 tomato hybrids of different product groups that differ in precocity allowed us to select the most adapted to the conditions of the " Fitopyramida " technology, including the indeterminate beef Ruddy ball F1, cherry hybrids Elf F1 and orange-fruited cherry Magic harp F1. the determinant hybrid Captain F1 showed Good results.
Reports on the topic "Plant heterosis"
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Fridman, Eyal, Jianming Yu, and Rivka Elbaum. Combining diversity within Sorghum bicolor for genomic and fine mapping of intra-allelic interactions underlying heterosis. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597925.bard.
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Heterosis, the enigmatic phenomenon in which whole genome heterozygous hybrids demonstrate superior fitness compared to their homozygous parents, is the main cornerstone of modern crop plant breeding. One explanation for this non-additive inheritance of hybrids is interaction of alleles within the same locus. This proposal aims at screening, identifying and investigating heterosis trait loci (HTL) for different yield traits by implementing a novel integrated mapping approach in Sorghum bicolor as a model for other crop plants. Originally, the general goal of this research was to perform a genetic dissection of heterosis in a diallel built from a set of Sorghum bicolor inbred lines. This was conducted by implementing a novel computational algorithm which aims at associating between specific heterozygosity found among hybrids with heterotic variation for different agronomic traits. The initial goals of the research are: (i) Perform genotype by sequencing (GBS) of the founder lines (ii) To evaluate the heterotic variation found in the diallel by performing field trails and measurements in the field (iii) To perform QTL analysis for identifying heterotic trait loci (HTL) (iv) to validate candidate HTL by testing the quantitative mode of inheritance in F2 populations, and (v) To identify candidate HTL in NAM founder lines and fine map these loci by test-cross selected RIL derived from these founders. The genetic mapping was initially achieved with app. 100 SSR markers, and later the founder lines were genotyped by sequencing. In addition to the original proposed research we have added two additional populations that were utilized to further develop the HTL mapping approach; (1) A diallel of budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) that was tested for heterosis of doubling time, and (2) a recombinant inbred line population of Sorghum bicolor that allowed testing in the field and in more depth the contribution of heterosis to plant height, as well as to achieve novel simulation for predicting dominant and additive effects in tightly linked loci on pseudooverdominance. There are several conclusions relevant to crop plants in general and to sorghum breeding and biology in particular: (i) heterosis for reproductive (1), vegetative (2) and metabolic phenotypes is predominantly achieved via dominance complementation. (ii) most loci that seems to be inherited as overdominant are in fact achieving superior phenotype of the heterozygous due to linkage in repulsion, namely by pseudooverdominant mechanism. Our computer simulations show that such repulsion linkage could influence QTL detection and estimation of effect in segregating populations. (iii) A new height QTL (qHT7.1) was identified near the genomic region harboring the known auxin transporter Dw3 in sorghum, and its genetic dissection in RIL population demonstrated that it affects both the upper and lower parts of the plant, whereas Dw3 affects only the part below the flag leaf. (iv) HTL mapping for grain nitrogen content in sorghum grains has identified several candidate genes that regulate this trait, including several putative nitrate transporters and a transcription factor belonging to the no-apical meristem (NAC)-like large gene family. This activity was combined with another BARD-funded project in which several de-novo mutants in this gene were identified for functional analysis.
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Baker, Donald, Avishalom Marani, and D. D. Davis. The Dynamic Aspects of Heterosis in Interspecific Crosses of Cotton-a Plant Modelling Approach. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1988.7592661.bard.
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Gur, Amit, Edward Buckler, Joseph Burger, Yaakov Tadmor, and Iftach Klapp. Characterization of genetic variation and yield heterosis in Cucumis melo. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7600047.bard.
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Project objectives: 1) Characterization of variation for yield heterosis in melon using Half-Diallele (HDA) design. 2) Development and implementation of image-based yield phenotyping in melon. 3) Characterization of genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional variation across 25 founder lines and selected hybrids. The epigentic part of this objective was modified during the course of the project: instead of characterization of chromatin structure in a single melon line through genome-wide mapping of nucleosomes using MNase-seq approach, we took advantage of rapid advancements in single-molecule sequencing and shifted the focus to Nanoporelong-read sequencing of all 25 founder lines. This analysis provides invaluable information on genome-wide structural variation across our diversity 4) Integrated analyses and development of prediction models Agricultural heterosis relates to hybrids that outperform their inbred parents for yield. First generation (F1) hybrids are produced in many crop species and it is estimated that heterosis increases yield by 15-30% globally. Melon (Cucumismelo) is an economically important species of The Cucurbitaceae family and is among the most important fleshy fruits for fresh consumption Worldwide. The major goal of this project was to explore the patterns and magnitude of yield heterosis in melon and link it to whole genome sequence variation. A core subset of 25 diverse lines was selected from the Newe-Yaar melon diversity panel for whole-genome re-sequencing (WGS) and test-crosses, to produce structured half-diallele design of 300 F1 hybrids (MelHDA25). Yield variation was measured in replicated yield trials at the whole-plant and at the rootstock levels (through a common-scion grafted experiments), across the F1s and parental lines. As part of this project we also developed an algorithmic pipeline for detection and yield estimation of melons from aerial-images, towards future implementation of such high throughput, cost-effective method for remote yield evaluation in open-field melons. We found extensive, highly heritable root-derived yield variation across the diallele population that was characterized by prominent best-parent heterosis (BPH), where hybrids rootstocks outperformed their parents by 38% and 56 % under optimal irrigation and drought- stress, respectively. Through integration of the genotypic data (~4,000,000 SNPs) and yield analyses we show that root-derived hybrids yield is independent of parental genetic distance. However, we mapped novel root-derived yield QTLs through genome-wide association (GWA) analysis and a multi-QTLs model explained more than 45% of the hybrids yield variation, providing a potential route for marker-assisted hybrid rootstock breeding. Four selected hybrid rootstocks are further studied under multiple scion varieties and their validated positive effect on yield performance is now leading to ongoing evaluation of their commercial potential. On the genomic level, this project resulted in 3 layers of data: 1) whole-genome short-read Illumina sequencing (30X) of the 25 founder lines provided us with 25 genome alignments and high-density melon HapMap that is already shown to be an effective resource for QTL annotation and candidate gene analysis in melon. 2) fast advancements in long-read single-molecule sequencing allowed us to shift focus towards this technology and generate ~50X Nanoporesequencing of the 25 founders which in combination with the short-read data now enable de novo assembly of the 25 genomes that will soon lead to construction of the first melon pan-genome. 3) Transcriptomic (3' RNA-Seq) analysis of several selected hybrids and their parents provide preliminary information on differentially expressed genes that can be further used to explain the root-derived yield variation. Taken together, this project expanded our view on yield heterosis in melon with novel specific insights on root-derived yield heterosis. To our knowledge, thus far this is the largest systematic genetic analysis of rootstock effects on yield heterosis in cucurbits or any other crop plant, and our results are now translated into potential breeding applications. The genomic resources that were developed as part of this project are putting melon in the forefront of genomic research and will continue to be useful tool for the cucurbits community in years to come.
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Blum, Abraham, Henry T. Nguyen, and N. Y. Klueva. The Genetics of Heat Shock Proteins in Wheat in Relation to Heat Tolerance and Yield. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568105.bard.
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Fifty six diverse spring wheat cultivars were evaluated for genetic variation and heritability for thermotolerance in terms of cell-membrane stability (CMS) and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) reduction. The most divergent cultivars for thermotolerance (Danbata-tolerant and Nacozari-susceptible) were crossed to develop an F8 random onbred line (RIL) population. This population was evaluated for co-segragation in CMS, yield under heat stress and HSP accumulation. Further studies of thermotolerance in relations to HSP and the expression of heterosis for growth under heat stress were performed with F1 hybrids of wheat and their parental cultivars. CMS in 95 RILs ranged from 76.5% to 22.4% with 71.5% and 31.3% in Danbata and Nacozari, respectively. The population segregated with a normal distribution across the full range of the parental values. Yield and biomass under non-stress conditions during the normal winter season at Bet Dagan dit not differ between the two parental cultivar, but the range of segregation for these traits in 138 RILs was very high and distinctly transgressive with a CV of 35.3% and 42.4% among lines for biomass and yield, respectively. Mean biomass and yield of the population was reduced about twofold when grown under the hot summer conditions (irrigated) at Bet Dagan. Segregation for biomass and yield was decreased relative to the normal winter conditions with CV of 20.2% and 23.3% among lines for biomass and yield, respectively. However, contrary to non-stress conditions, the parental cultivars differed about twofold in biomass and yield under heat stress and the population segregated with normal distribution across the full range of this difference. CMS was highly and positively correlated across 79 RILs with biomass (r=0.62**) and yield (r=0.58**) under heat stress. No such correlation was obtained under the normal winter conditions. All RILs expressed a set of HSPs under heat shock (37oC for 2 h). No variation was detected among RILs in high molecular weight HSP isoforms and they were similar to the patterns of the parental cultivars. There was a surprisingly low variability in low molecular weight HSP isoforms. Only one low molecular weight and Nacozari-specific HSP isoform (belonging to HSP 16.9 family) appeared to segregate among all RILs, but it was not quantitatively correlated with any parameter of plant production under heat stress or with CMS in this population. It is concluded that this Danbata/Nacozari F8 RIL population co-segregated well for thermotolerance and yield under heat stress and that CMS could predict the relative productivity of lines under chronic heat stress. Regretfully this population did not express meaningful variability for HSP accumulation under heat shock and therefore no role could be seen for HSP in the heat tolerance of this population. In the study of seven F1 hybrids and their parent cultivars it was found that heterosis (superiority of the F1 over the best parent) for CMs was generally lower than that for growth under heat stress. Hybrids varied in the rate of heterosis for growth at normal (15o/25o) and at high (25o/35o) temperatures. In certain hybrids heterosis for growth significantly increased at high temperature as compared with normal temperature, suggesting temperature-dependent heterosis. Generally, under normal temperature, only limited qualitative variation was detected in the patterns of protein synthesis in four wheat hybrids and their parents. However, a singular protein (C47/5.88) was specifically expressed only in the most heterotic hybrid at normal temperature but not in its parent cultivars. Parental cultivars were significantly different in the sets of synthesized HSP at 37o. No qualitative changes in the patterns of protein expression under heat stress were correlated with heterosis. However, a quantitative increase in certain low molecular weight HSP (mainly H14/5.5 and H14.5.6, belonging to the HSP16.9 family) was positively associated with greater heterosis for growth at high temperature. None of these proteins were correlated with CMS across hybrids. These results support the concept of temperature-dependent heterosis for growth and a possible role for HSP 16.9 family in this respect. Finally, when all experiments are viewed together, it is encouraging to find that genetic variation in wheat yield under chronic heat stress is associated with and well predicted by CMS as an assay of thermotolerance. On the other hand the results for HSP are elusive. While very low genetic variation was expressed for HSP in the RIL population, a unique low molecular weight HSP (of the HSP 16.9 family) could be associated with temperature dependant heterosis for growth.
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Ostersetzer-Biran, Oren, and Jeffrey Mower. Novel strategies to induce male sterility and restore fertility in Brassicaceae crops. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604267.bard.
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Abstract Mitochondria are the site of respiration and numerous other metabolic processes required for plant growth and development. Increased demands for metabolic energy are observed during different stages in the plants life cycle, but are particularly ample during germination and reproductive organ development. These activities are dependent upon the tight regulation of the expression and accumulation of various organellar proteins. Plant mitochondria contain their own genomes (mtDNA), which encode for rRNAs, tRNAs and some mitochondrial proteins. Although all mitochondria have probably evolved from a common alpha-proteobacterial ancestor, notable genomic reorganizations have occurred in the mtDNAs of different eukaryotic lineages. Plant mtDNAs are notably larger and more variable in size (ranging from 70~11,000 kbp in size) than the mrDNAs in higher animals (16~19 kbp). Another unique feature of plant mitochondria includes the presence of both circular and linear DNA fragments, which undergo intra- and intermolecular recombination. DNA-seq data indicate that such recombination events result with diverged mitochondrial genome configurations, even within a single plant species. One common plant phenotype that emerges as a consequence of altered mtDNA configuration is cytoplasmic male sterility CMS (i.e. reduced production of functional pollen). The maternally-inherited male sterility phenotype is highly valuable agriculturally. CMS forces the production of F1 hybrids, particularly in predominantly self-pollinating crops, resulting in enhanced crop growth and productivity through heterosis (i.e. hybrid vigor or outbreeding enhancement). CMS lines have been implemented in some cereal and vegetables, but most crops still lack a CMS system. This work focuses on the analysis of the molecular basis of CMS. We also aim to induce nuclear or organellar induced male-sterility in plants, and to develop a novel approach for fertility restoration. Our work focuses on Brassicaceae, a large family of flowering plants that includes Arabidopsis thaliana, a key model organism in plant sciences, as well as many crops of major economic importance (e.g., broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and various seeds for oil production). In spite of the genomic rearrangements in the mtDNAs of plants, the number of genes and the coding sequences are conserved among different mtDNAs in angiosperms (i.e. ~60 genes encoding different tRNAs, rRNAs, ribosomal proteins and subunits of the respiratory system). Yet, in addition to the known genes, plant mtDNAs also harbor numerous ORFs, most of which are not conserved among species and are currently of unknown function. Remarkably, and relevant to our study, CMS in plants is primarily associated with the expression of novel chimericORFs, which likely derive from recombination events within the mtDNAs. Whereas the CMS loci are localized to the mtDNAs, the factors that restore fertility (Rfs) are identified as nuclear-encoded RNA-binding proteins. Interestingly, nearly all of the Rf’s are identified as pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins, a large family of modular RNA-binding proteins that mediate several aspects of gene expression primarily in plant organelles. In this project we proposed to develop a system to test the ability of mtORFs in plants, which are closely related to known CMS factors. We will induce male fertility in various species of Brassicaceae, and test whether a down-relation in the expression of the recombinantCMS-genes restores fertility, using synthetically designed PPR proteins.
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Badami, Kaswan, Budi Setiadi Daryono, Achmad Amzeri, and Syaiful Khoiri. COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROTIC STUDIES ON HYBRID MELON (Cucumis melo L.) POPULATIONS FOR FRUIT YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2020.3.
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In different crop plants, combining ability and heterosis are used as important diagnostic tools for assessing the performance of parental genotypes and their hybrids. This research aimed to evaluate heterotic and combining ability effects in the diallel crosses of melon (Cucumis melo L.) for yield- and quality-related traits. Seven melon (C. melo L.) genotypes were grown and crossed in a complete diallel fashion to produce F1 hybrids. During the 2019 crop season, 49 melon genotypes (7 parents + 42 F1 hybrids) were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Observations were made for seven characters. Analysis of variance revealed significant (P ≤ 0.01) differences among the melon genotypes for harvest age, fruit flesh thickness, fruit total soluble solids, fruit length, and fruit diameter and merely significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) for fruit weight. Combining ability analysis revealed that mean squares due to general combining ability (GCA) were significant for fruit diameter but were nonsignificant for all other traits. However, mean squares due to specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for all traits. The parental genotypes PK-165, PK-464, and PK-669 exhibited the highest and desirable GCA effects for yield and quality traits. Hence, these genotypes could be used to generate high-yielding hybrid/open-pollinated cultivars. GCA:SCA ratios further revealed that the traits of harvest age, fruit flesh thickness, fruit total soluble solids, fruit length, and fruit weight were controlled by dominant gene action, whereas fruit diameter was managed by additive and dominant genes. The majority of the traits were controlled by nonadditive gene action, verifying that the said breeding material could be efficiently used for the production of hybrid cultivars on the basis of heterotic effects.
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Tadmor, Yaakov, Zachary Lippman, David Jackson, and Dani Zamir. three crops test for the ODO breeding method. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594397.bard.
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Hybrid vigor is the leading concept that rules crops breeding for almost a century. Yet, the exact mechanism that underlies heterosis is not clear. Over dominance interaction between alleles is one of the possible explanations. Our preliminary results indicated that severe developmental mutations at the heterozygous state have significant potential to improve plant performance. This led us to propose the ‘ODO breeding method’ that is based replacing a parental line of a successful hybrid with its mutated from to improve hybrid performance. Our BARD research challenged this method in three crop systems: maize, tomato and melon. In maize we could not detect any effect of mutant heterozigosity on yield or yield components when hybrids were tested however when we analyzed the effect of heterozigosity in mutant genes at B73 genetic background we could detect ODO in yield components using certain mutants. Our results indicate that the potential of utilizing the ODO Breeding Method for maize remains unclear. In tomato we overcame technical problems we faced in creating an EMS mutation library in indeterminate glasshouse tomatoes and now we have in our hands advanced material to study the putative ODO hybrids. We transferred some of the promising ODO mutations from M82 to indeterminate glasshouse tomatoes and putative ODO hybrids are ready to be evaluated this winter. In addition, we tested the effect of In melon we compared putative ‘ODO hybrids’ with their isogenic hybrids lacking the mutant allele and our results indicated a potential for the ODO breeding method to improve yield, fruit number per plant, and carotenoids content. Additional experiments are required to estimate better the expected success percentage of the ODO breeding method in melon so that it will become a recommended practice for improving hybrid performance. Based on our results we can't yet recommend the 'ODO breeding method' as a general tool to improve hybrid performance and more efforts are necessary to evaluate the percent of success of this method. The increased carotenoid content we found in association with CRTISO heterozygosity is promising and additional experiments are currently being performed to characterize this finding.