Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Plant bioactive compounds'
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Salim, Angela Aguslyarti. "Isolation and structural elucidation of bioactive compounds from Indonesian medicinal plants /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18695.pdf.
Full textHooshmand, Shirin. "Bone reversal effects of plant bioactive compounds in postmenopausal women." Tallahassee, Florida : Florida State University, 2010. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04162010-145258/.
Full textTitle and description from dissertation home page (viewed on July 27, 2010). Advisor: Bahram H. Arjmandi, Florida State University, College of Human Sciences, Dept. of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences. Includes bibliographical references.
Swasono, Respati Tri. "Bioactive secondary metabolites from Australian invertebrates, Indonesian marine sponges, and an Indonesian terrestrial plant /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19275.pdf.
Full textReynertson, Kurt Allerslev. "Phytochemical analysis of bioactive constituents from edible Myrtaceae fruits /." View online, 2007. http://home.earthlink.net/~myrtaceae/Reynertson_dissertation.pdf.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 100-120) and index. Also available for educational and research purposes in PDF format on the Internet.
Kaspar, Kerrie L. "Pigmented potatoes on health : effect on oxidative stress, inflammatory damage and immune response in humans, sensory attributes, and nutrient retention during processing." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2009/K_Kaspar_040809.pdf.
Full textMbandezelo, Mongikazi. "Bioactive compounds in a Manayi traditional medicinal product from East London." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2450.
Full textIn Africa, herbal medicines are often used as primary treatments for a variety of ailments and diseases including HIV/AIDS and for HIV-related problems. In general, traditional medicines are not well researched scientifically in controlled studies, and are poorly regulated. Since the pharmacological effectiveness of natural products is affected by several native and foreign factors, studies on the variations of chemical composition and biological activity of these medicines are necessary. The processes of investigating plants to identify chemical substances are of great interest to natural product researchers because there is a need to discover new drugs for treating old and new diseases. These facts underscore an urgent need to develop new anti HIV and AIDS drugs with fewer or no side effects. Research into drug discovery and development using natural products is increasingly becoming better established. Marine organisms as a source of natural products delivered numerous novel compounds with multiple pharmacological properties. Natural products give endless opportunities for discovering novel compounds that can be used as drugs or backbones of drug leads. Manayi is a natural product that has been used to treat and manage people with HIV, but no scientific studies have been done to prove its efficacy on the HIV under controlled conditions. For the purposes of this study, cooked and uncooked Manayi product was evaluated for its efficacy on HIV in vitro. Manayi samples were collected in East London, Eastern Cape and sequentially extracted with hexane, chloroform, dichloromethane, butanol, methanol, and water as a series of increasingly polar solvents for its bioactive chemical constituents.
Heltzel, Carl E. "Structural and synthetic studies of bioactive natural products." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40067.
Full textPh. D.
Norberg, Åke. "Isolation and characterization of regulatory peptides and bioactive compounds /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-882-3/.
Full textAkter, Raushanara. "Isolation and Structural Elucidation of Bioactive Compounds from Bangladeshi Medicinal Plants with a Focus on Novel Anticancer Compounds." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366507.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Pharmacy
Griffith Health
Full Text
Henley-Smith, Cynthia Joan. "Identification of bioactive compounds of a South African plant extract for combating potentially pathogenic oral microorganisms." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31149.
Full textDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Plant Science
MSc
Unrestricted
Taneyo, Saa Danielle Laure <1984>. "Use of Biotechnology to increase the content of bioactive compounds in fermented foods of plant origin." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6433/1/Final_dissertationTANEYO13.03.pdf.
Full textTaneyo, Saa Danielle Laure <1984>. "Use of Biotechnology to increase the content of bioactive compounds in fermented foods of plant origin." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6433/.
Full textWang, Zhiyu, and 王志宇. "Identification and characterization of bioactive compounds in Spatholobus suberectus targeting on LDH-A in breast cancer." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48329423.
Full textpublished_or_final_version
Chinese Medicine
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
Dambuza, Ntokozo Shirley. "Isolation of bioactive metabolites with activity against HIV-1 target proteins from extracts of Sutherlandia frutescens and Lobostemon trigonus." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/492.
Full textArtiga, Artigas María. "Design of nanostructured delivery systems to enhance the functionality of food bioactive compounds." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665007.
Full textLas nanoestructuras basadas en emulsiones se consideran excelentes sistemas de liberación de compuestos bioactivos de diferente naturaleza y funcionalidad. El objetivo de esta Tesis Doctoral fue estudiar los factores que afectan a la estabilidad de las nanoemulsiones y emulsiones dobles, como sistemas de encapsulación de bioactivos lipofílicos y/o hidrofílicos, respectivamente; y el efecto de su aplicación en alimentos. El tipo y la concentración de los diferentes componentes de las nanoemulsiones conteniendo curcumina o aceites esenciales, afectó significativamente a sus propiedades físico-químicas. Asimismo, el método de fabricación de las emulsiones dobles fue crucial para su formación y estabilización. Así, se obtuvieron emulsiones dobles transportadoras de clorofilina y citronela, estables durante 21 días. Por otro lado, las nanoemulsiones aplicadas como recubrimientos antimicrobianos sobre la superficie de queso cortado, mantuvieron su estabilidad microbiológica y fueron efectivos frente a Staphylococcus aureus. La presente investigación contribuye enormemente al desarrollo de nanoestructuras basadas en emulsiones, desde su diseño, hasta su aplicación final.
Emulsion-based nanostructures are considered as excellent systems for the release of bioactive compounds with different nature and functionality. The objective of this Doctoral Thesis was to study the factors that affect the stability of nanoemulsions and double emulsions, as encapsulation systems of lipophilic and/or hydrophilic bioactive compounds, respectively; and the effect of its application on food products. The type and concentration of the different components of nanoemulsions containing curcumin or essential oils, significantly affected their physicochemical properties. Also, the fabrication method and processing parametes of double emulsions was crucial for their formation and stabilization. Thus, stable double emulsions (21 days) containing chlorophyllin and citronella, were obtained. On the other hand, nanoemulsions applied as antimicrobial edible coatings onto the surface of cut-cheese, maintained their microbiological stability and were effective against Staphylococcus aureus. The present research significantly contributes to the development of nanostructures from its design to its final application.
Espe, Austin Alexander. "Phenolic Bioactive-Linked Antioxidant, Anti-Hyperglycemic, and Anti-Hypertensive Properties of Serviceberry and Blackberry." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29796.
Full textWei, Lai, and 魏来. "Induction of LTB4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase (LTB4DH) by Radix Astragali and Radix Paeoniae Rubra: a study of theactive compounds and related biological functions." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44683443.
Full textLee, Ee Lynn, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Genotype X environment impact on selected bioactive compound content of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Biological Sciences, c2009, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/2471.
Full textxiii, 154 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 29 cm
Fujita, Larissa Freire Fabrício [UNESP]. "Caracterização química, microbiológica e farmacognóstica da polpa de coquinho-azedo (Butia capitata (Mart) Becc) produzida em Arinos-MG." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88340.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
A palmeira Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc.), também conhecida como coquinho-azedo pode ser encontrada no Brasil em áreas de cerrado e/ou terrenos arenosos, como dunas e restingas. O fruto é utilizado em diversas preparações, com destaque para a polpa processada. É uma boa fonte de nutrientes e compostos bioativos, considerando sua composição química e nutricional. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar as características físico-químicas, microbiológicas e farmacognósticas da polpa de Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. produzida em Arinos – MG, Brasil. Foram analisadas três amostras de polpas comerciais de coquinho-azedo, referente à safra 2010-2011. Realizou-se a determinação granulométria da polpa, tamanho médio das partículas, composição centesimal, sólidos solúveis, acidez total titulável, possível presença de contaminação microbiológica quando comparada aos padrões estabelecidos na Resolução RDC nº. 12 de 02 de janeiro de 2001, identificação dos compostos secundários saponinas, alcalóides, heterosídeos cardiotônicos e flavonoides do extrato e das frações hexânica, acetato de etila, butanólica e aquosa, bem como quantificação de compostos fenólicos totais, teor de ácido ascórbico e atividade antioxidante total pelos métodos ABTS•+ e DPPH. Todas as análises foram realizadas em triplicata. Os resultados apontam o tamis de abertura com diâmetro de 0,42mm o menor tamanho da malha que poderia ser usado para despolpar o fruto do coquinho-azedo, a maior porcentagem de partículas retidas e acumuladas em relação à abertura da malha concentrada sobre o tamis 0,210mm, além de ser uma boa fonte de nutrientes, com teor de lipídeos de cerca de 2,8% e 63 mg de ácido ascórbico.100g-1 de amostra. Em relação às análises microbiológicas, todas as amostras analisadas apresentaram qualidade microbiológica...
The palm Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc.), also known as sour coquinho-azedo in Brazil can be found in grassland areas and/or sandy soils, such as dunes and sandbanks. The fruit is used in various preparations, especially the pulped. It is a good source of nutrients and bioactive compounds, considering its chemical and nutritional composition. This study aimed to evaluate the physico-chemical, microbiological and pharmacognostic pulp Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. produced in Arinos - MG, Brazil. We analyzed tree samples of pulps commercial coquinho-azedo sour, referring to the 2010-2011 harvest. Was performed to determine particle size pulp, average particle size, chemical composition, soluble solids, titratable acidity, possible presence of microbiological contamination when compared to the standards established in Resolution RDC. 12 January 2, 2001, identification of secondary compounds saponins, alkaloids, glycosides and flavonoids cardiotonic extract and fractions of hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water, as well as quantification of total phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity by methods ABTS•+ e DPPH. All analyzes were performed in triplicate. The results indicate the sieves opening with a diameter of 0.42 mm the smallest mesh size that could be used for pulping the fruit of coquinho-azedo, the highest percentage of particles retained and accumulated on the opening loop concentrated on the sieves 0.210 mm, besides being a good source of nutrients, lipid content of about 2.8% and 63 mg of ascorbic.100g-1 sample. Regarding microbiological analysis, all samples showed satisfactory microbiological quality, revealing lower microbial counts with values within the limits established by Brazilian legislation for this type of product. The results of the fractionation and identification of secondary metabolites by Thin Layer... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Pereira, Isabela de Oliveira Carvalho. "Otimização de processo de extração de café verde /." Araraquara, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/182075.
Full textCoorientador: William de Melo Silva
Banca: Rondinelli Donizetti Herculano
Resumo: O café conquistou o paladar de inúmeros povos, em diversas regiões do planeta, devido às suas características sensoriais e o seu poder estimulante. É uma planta arbustiva, com duas espécies principais, a Coffea arabica L. e a Coffea conephora L. As duas espécies de café verde mais consumidas e exploradas diferem entre si pelas suas características organolépticas, físicas e químicas. O café arábica possui aroma e sabor mais apreciado, e suas aplicações estão nas bebidas. Já o café robusta é utilizado pelo segmento farmacêutico, devido aos seus mais altos teores de ácido clorogênico e cafeína. O alto consumo mundial do café verde tem estimulado o desenvolvimento de estudos relacionados aos constituintes do café, como a cafeína e o ácido clorogênico, e também os estudos relacionados à atividades biológicas. Nas últimas décadas, aumentou consideravelmente a busca por compostos bioativos de origem natural, e diversos métodos extrativos estão sendo utilizados com o objetivo de extrair a maior quantidade de princípios ativos oriundos das plantas vegetais. Visando desenvolver um novo extrato de café verde com maior teor de cafeína e ácido clorogênico, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo otimizar um processo de extração de grãos verdes de Coffea conephora L. com o intuito de se obter teores de cafeína e de ácido clorogênico superiores aos obtidos pela empresa Centroflora Nutra. Inicialmente, foi desenvolvido um método de análise por cromatografia líquida de ultra eficiência acoplada ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Coffee has conquered the palate of countless peoples, in diverse regions of the planet, due to its sensorial characteristics and its stimulating power. It is a shrub, with two main species, Coffea arabica L. and Coffea conephora L. The two most consumed and exploited green coffee species differ in their organoleptic, physical and chemical characteristics. Arabica coffee has the most appreciated aroma and flavor, and its applications are in beverages. Robusta coffee is used by the pharmaceutical segment, due to its higher contents of chlorogenic acid and caffeine. The high world consumption of green coffee has stimulated the development of studies related to coffee constituents, such as caffeine and chlorogenic acid, as well as studies related to biological activities. In the last decades, the search for bioactive compounds of natural origin has increased considerably, and several extractive methods are being used with the objective of extracting the greatest amount of active principles from plant plants. Aiming to develop a new green coffee extract with higher caffeine and chlorogenic acid content, the present work aims to optimize a process of extraction of green grains of Coffea conephora L. in order to obtain higher levels of caffeine and chlorogenic acid those obtained by Centroflora Nutra. Initially, an ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a UV spectrophotometer (UHPLC-PAD / UV) analysis method was developed from a sample of green coffee extract market... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Mnonopi, Nandipha Olivia. "In vitro testing to investigate the anticoagulant/antithrombotic and antidiabetic biological activity of Leonotis Leonurus." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/693.
Full textFujita, Larissa Freire Fabrício. "Caracterização química, microbiológica e farmacognóstica da polpa de coquinho-azedo (Butia capitata (Mart) Becc) produzida em Arinos-MG /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88340.
Full textCoorientador: Luis Vitor Silva do Sacramento
Banca: Elaine Maria Ravasi Stefano Simionato
Banca: João Bosco Faria
Resumo: A palmeira Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc.), também conhecida como coquinho-azedo pode ser encontrada no Brasil em áreas de cerrado e/ou terrenos arenosos, como dunas e restingas. O fruto é utilizado em diversas preparações, com destaque para a polpa processada. É uma boa fonte de nutrientes e compostos bioativos, considerando sua composição química e nutricional. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar as características físico-químicas, microbiológicas e farmacognósticas da polpa de Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. produzida em Arinos - MG, Brasil. Foram analisadas três amostras de polpas comerciais de coquinho-azedo, referente à safra 2010-2011. Realizou-se a determinação granulométria da polpa, tamanho médio das partículas, composição centesimal, sólidos solúveis, acidez total titulável, possível presença de contaminação microbiológica quando comparada aos padrões estabelecidos na Resolução RDC nº. 12 de 02 de janeiro de 2001, identificação dos compostos secundários saponinas, alcalóides, heterosídeos cardiotônicos e flavonoides do extrato e das frações hexânica, acetato de etila, butanólica e aquosa, bem como quantificação de compostos fenólicos totais, teor de ácido ascórbico e atividade antioxidante total pelos métodos ABTS•+ e DPPH. Todas as análises foram realizadas em triplicata. Os resultados apontam o tamis de abertura com diâmetro de 0,42mm o menor tamanho da malha que poderia ser usado para despolpar o fruto do coquinho-azedo, a maior porcentagem de partículas retidas e acumuladas em relação à abertura da malha concentrada sobre o tamis 0,210mm, além de ser uma boa fonte de nutrientes, com teor de lipídeos de cerca de 2,8% e 63 mg de ácido ascórbico.100g-1 de amostra. Em relação às análises microbiológicas, todas as amostras analisadas apresentaram qualidade microbiológica... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The palm Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc.), also known as sour coquinho-azedo in Brazil can be found in grassland areas and/or sandy soils, such as dunes and sandbanks. The fruit is used in various preparations, especially the pulped. It is a good source of nutrients and bioactive compounds, considering its chemical and nutritional composition. This study aimed to evaluate the physico-chemical, microbiological and pharmacognostic pulp Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. produced in Arinos - MG, Brazil. We analyzed tree samples of pulps commercial coquinho-azedo sour, referring to the 2010-2011 harvest. Was performed to determine particle size pulp, average particle size, chemical composition, soluble solids, titratable acidity, possible presence of microbiological contamination when compared to the standards established in Resolution RDC. 12 January 2, 2001, identification of secondary compounds saponins, alkaloids, glycosides and flavonoids cardiotonic extract and fractions of hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water, as well as quantification of total phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity by methods ABTS•+ e DPPH. All analyzes were performed in triplicate. The results indicate the sieves opening with a diameter of 0.42 mm the smallest mesh size that could be used for pulping the fruit of coquinho-azedo, the highest percentage of particles retained and accumulated on the opening loop concentrated on the sieves 0.210 mm, besides being a good source of nutrients, lipid content of about 2.8% and 63 mg of ascorbic.100g-1 sample. Regarding microbiological analysis, all samples showed satisfactory microbiological quality, revealing lower microbial counts with values within the limits established by Brazilian legislation for this type of product. The results of the fractionation and identification of secondary metabolites by Thin Layer... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Copani, Giuseppe. "Benefit of including bioactive legumes (sainfoin, red clover) in grass-based silages on ruminant production and pollutant emissions." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22594/document.
Full textFodder legume species allow to reduce inputs in livestock breeding systems (fertilizer, concentrates) notably because they contain high levels of crude proteins which are of primary importance in ruminant nutrition. However, during both silage and rumen fermentation processes, proteins are submitted to degradation which affects forage nutritive value and leads to nitrogen (N) losses notably via urine. Some specific legumes can then be of particular interest as they produce plant secondary compounds that can positively affect silage and digestive processes. Condensed tannins (CTs) present in sainfoin (SF, Onobrychis viciifolia) are able to bind with proteins thereby reducing their degradation in the silo and the rumen, resulting in a shift in N excretion from urine to faeces. Red clover (RC, Trifolium pratense) contains polyphenol oxidase (PPO), an enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of different phenolics into quinones. As CTs, quinones are able to form complexes with proteins that will similarly reduce their degradation in the silo and the rumen. The aim of this thesis was to investigate and quantify the potential benefits of using these two bioactive legume species on i) quality and conservation of silages, ii) rumen fermentation, digestive efficiency and sheep performance, and iii) environmental footprint (N excretion and CH4 emissions). We conducted two in vitro and two in vivo trials which were based on silages of pure legumes or of different mixtures with the grass species (timothy T, Phleum pratense L.), which served as control. In the in vitro trials, we focussed on silage quality, silage conservation and rumen fermentation, while in the in vivo trials, we focussed on lambs' performance, digestion efficiency, N balance and CH4 emissions. Including bioactive legumes in mixtures with grass improved, compared to pure grass, forage quality and fermentation during the silage making process, as well as proteins' protection from degradation within both the silos and the rumen. Lambs fed with the mixtures involving legumes responded with an increase in DM intake compared to their counterparts fed with T. Nevertheless, due to a possibly different fibre composition and to the presence of CT which impaired SF digestibility, lambs that consumed T-SF showed lower intake and performance than those that received RC-containing silages. In the rumen, RC proteins appeared more protected from degradation than SF ones, while in the subsequent parts of the digestive tract, the proteins-CT complexes (from SF) might less dissociate than the proteins-quinones ones (from RC). This could partly explain the environment-friendly shift in N excretion from urine to faeces when animals are fed with T-SF. SF also allowed to slightly reduce CH4 emissions. Thus, utilizing bioactive legumes in livestock feeding practices is a promising strategy to produce animal products more sustainably. Our results show different benefits relative to the bioactive legume species involved, directed towards boosted forage quality and animals' performance for RC but towards lowered wastes for SF. Further research is thus needed to better characterize these benefits and enlarging investigations to other plant species, mixtures and potential benefits (e.g. health). This will help to determine the appropriate choice of plant species according to the objectives
Souza, Angela Vacaro de [UNESP]. "Pós-colheita e processamento de amora-preta ‘Tupy’." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103298.
Full textO cultivo da amora-preta (Rubus sp) vem despertando interesse dos fruticultores paulistas nos últimos anos devido ao seu alto potencial produtivo, sendo uma alternativa viável como fonte de renda. Os frutos possuem características nutricionais muito apreciadas nos dias de hoje além de se mostrarem muito versáteis do ponto de vista tecnológico. O presente trabalho foi dividido em 3 partes para maior compreensão e aprofundamento dos aspectos avaliados e objetivou caracterizar bromatologicamente e quanto ao conteúdo mineral os frutos de amora-preta colhidos em 3 diferentes estádios de maturação, bem como seu produto processado, a geleia; caracterizar a qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos em diferentes tempos de armazenamento sob refrigeração e das geleias; determinar os compostos com potencial antioxidante e sua estabilidade durante a elaboração e armazenamento das geleias e frutos, respectivamente. As avaliações foram realizadas na ocasião da colheita para o experimento 1 e também aos dias 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 após a colheita para os demais experimentos a fim de avaliar a possível degradação dos nutrientes a antioxidantes. Ao final dos experimentos pode-se verificar que a amora-preta apresenta alto potencial para industrialização já que para a maioria dos compostos biotivos avaliados não houveram grandes alterações decorrentes do processamento. Esta característica faz com que os frutos de amoreira preta sejam ótima alternativa para o processamento
The cultivation of blackberry (Rubus sp) has attracted the interest of fruit growers in São Paulo in recent years due to its high yield potential as a viable alternative source of income. The fruit has nutritional characteristics greatly appreciated these days and presents great versatility from a technological point of view. This study was divided into 3 parts for greater understanding of the aspects evaluated and aimed to characterize the bromatological composition and mineral content of the fruits harvested at 3 different stages of maturation and its processed product, the jelly; it also aimed to characterize the quality of post-harvest fruit at different times of storage under refrigeration and the qualities of the jellies as well; and it also aimed to determine the potential antioxidant compounds stability during preparation and storage of jelly and fruit, respectively. Evaluations were performed at the time of harvest for Experiment 1 and also on days 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 after harvest for the other experiments in order to evaluate the possible degradation of the antioxidant nutrients. At the end of the experiments it was possible to conclude that the fruit has a high potential for industrialization since for most bioactive compounds evaluated there were no major changes resulting from the processing. This feature places the black mulberry fruit as a great alternative for processing.
Mnonopi, Nandipha. "Leonotis leonurus: the anticoagulant and antidiabetic activity of Leonotis leonurus." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1194.
Full textSouza, Angela Vacaro de 1984. "Pós-colheita e processamento de amora-preta 'Tupy' /." Botucatu :, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103298.
Full textBanca: Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima
Banca: Marta Helena Fillet Spoto
Banca: Eliane Maria Ravasi S. Simionato
Banca: André José de Campos
Resumo: O cultivo da amora-preta (Rubus sp) vem despertando interesse dos fruticultores paulistas nos últimos anos devido ao seu alto potencial produtivo, sendo uma alternativa viável como fonte de renda. Os frutos possuem características nutricionais muito apreciadas nos dias de hoje além de se mostrarem muito versáteis do ponto de vista tecnológico. O presente trabalho foi dividido em 3 partes para maior compreensão e aprofundamento dos aspectos avaliados e objetivou caracterizar bromatologicamente e quanto ao conteúdo mineral os frutos de amora-preta colhidos em 3 diferentes estádios de maturação, bem como seu produto processado, a geleia; caracterizar a qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos em diferentes tempos de armazenamento sob refrigeração e das geleias; determinar os compostos com potencial antioxidante e sua estabilidade durante a elaboração e armazenamento das geleias e frutos, respectivamente. As avaliações foram realizadas na ocasião da colheita para o experimento 1 e também aos dias 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 após a colheita para os demais experimentos a fim de avaliar a possível degradação dos nutrientes a antioxidantes. Ao final dos experimentos pode-se verificar que a amora-preta apresenta alto potencial para industrialização já que para a maioria dos compostos biotivos avaliados não houveram grandes alterações decorrentes do processamento. Esta característica faz com que os frutos de amoreira preta sejam ótima alternativa para o processamento
Abstract: The cultivation of blackberry (Rubus sp) has attracted the interest of fruit growers in São Paulo in recent years due to its high yield potential as a viable alternative source of income. The fruit has nutritional characteristics greatly appreciated these days and presents great versatility from a technological point of view. This study was divided into 3 parts for greater understanding of the aspects evaluated and aimed to characterize the bromatological composition and mineral content of the fruits harvested at 3 different stages of maturation and its processed product, the jelly; it also aimed to characterize the quality of post-harvest fruit at different times of storage under refrigeration and the qualities of the jellies as well; and it also aimed to determine the potential antioxidant compounds stability during preparation and storage of jelly and fruit, respectively. Evaluations were performed at the time of harvest for Experiment 1 and also on days 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 after harvest for the other experiments in order to evaluate the possible degradation of the antioxidant nutrients. At the end of the experiments it was possible to conclude that the fruit has a high potential for industrialization since for most bioactive compounds evaluated there were no major changes resulting from the processing. This feature places the black mulberry fruit as a great alternative for processing.
Doutor
Khalaf, Eyada. "Phenolic-Linked Antioxidant and Anti-Hyperglycemic Properties of Selected Cereal, Pseudo-Cereal, and Millet Using In Vitro Screening Methods." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29281.
Full textHutton, Peter. "Antimicrobial plants of Australia have the potential to prevent lactic acidosis in ruminants." University of Western Australia. School of Animal Biology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0159.
Full textBorges, Luciana da Silva [UNESP]. "Potencial antioxidante, óleo essencial e atividade antifúngica de plantas de jambu (Spilanthes oleracea), cultivadas sob adubação orgânica e convencional e processamento mínimo de nectarina (Prunus persica var. nectarina): conservação de suas qualidades e propriedades bioativas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103236.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O jambu (Spilanthes oleracea) é uma planta nativa do Brasil, com propriedades químicas importantes. No Estado de São Paulo, a produção de jambu está direcionada para extração do óleo essencial que está sendo fornecido direto para as indústrias de cosméticos, pela sua qualidade farmacológica. No entanto, pesquisas sobre as propriedades antioxidantes dos extratos aquosos e a ação antifúngica do seu óleo essencial são ainda incipientes. Assim, o objetivo geral do primeiro ao terceiro capitulo foram comparar cultivares de jambu produzidos de forma orgânica e convencional, quanto ao desenvolvimento fenológico das plantas (folha e inflorescência), através dos índices morfo-fisiológicos de crescimento, além das substâncias antioxidantes presentes nos extratos aquosos, teores e composição do óleo essencial, bem como sua ação antifúngica. Nos quarto e quinto capitulos, o objetivo foi o uso de radiação UV-C e aplicação de O2 ( 90-100 Kpa) como tratamento capaz de melhorar o potencial de conservação após o processamento mínimo. As características avaliadas no primeiro capitulo foram: Altura de planta, Área foliar, Massa de matéria fresca, Massa de matéria seca, Índice de área foliar (IAF), Razão de Área Foliar (RAF), Área Foliar Específica (AFE), Razão de Peso das Folhas (RPF), Quantidade de água na parte aérea (QAPA), Peso específico foliar (PEF) e Produtividade econômica. No segundo capitulo, avaliou-se: teor de compostos fenólicos, carotenóides, vitamina C e poliaminas, e a atividade da peroxidase, potencial antioxidante, nitrato e nitrogênio; enquanto que, no terceiro capitulo foi extraído e...
The jambu (Spilanthes oleracea) is a native plant of Brazil, with important chemical properties. In São Paulo, the production is directed jambu for extraction of essential oil being supplied direct to the cosmetic, pharmaceutical for its quality. However, research on its antioxidant properties of aqueous extracts and antifungal effect of the essential oil are still incipient. Thus, the overall goal of the first-third chapter were jambu compare cultivars produced under organic and conventional, as the phenological development of plants (leaf and inflorescence), through morphological and physiological indices of growth, in addition to the antioxidants present in extracts aqueous beyond the content and composition of essential oil as well as its antifungal action. In the fourth and fifth chapters, the goal was the use of UV-C radiation and application of O2 ( 90-100 kPa) as a treatment able to improve the conservation value after processing. The characteristics were evaluated in the first chapter: plant height, leaf area, the fresh mass, dry mass, leaf area index (LAI), Leaf Area Ratio (LAR), specific leaf area (SLA), Reason Weight of Leaves (RPF), Amount of water in the shoot (QAPA) , specific leaf weight (PEF) and economic productivity. In the second chapter, we evaluated: content of phenolic compounds, carotenoids, vitamin C and polyamines, and peroxidase activity, antioxidant potential, and nitrate nitrogen, whereas, in the third chapter was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Oharomari, Leandro Kansuke. "Efeito da suplementação de curcumina e do exercício físico aeróbio sobre o desenvolvimento do diabete mellitus tipo 1 em camundongos diabéticos não obesos (NOD) /." Araraquara, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144681.
Full textBanca: Camila de Moraes
Banca: Thabata Koester Weber
Resumo: O diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) é uma doença autoimune caracterizada pela diminuição da produção de insulina pelo pâncreas sendo o principal mecanismo fisiopatológico a infiltração de células inflamatórias, liberação de citocinas pró-inflamatórias e consequente destruição das células beta pancreáticas. Objetivo: testar o possível efeito anti-inflamatório da suplementação de curcumina e do exercício físico aeróbio de moderada intensidade sobre o desenvolvimento do DM1 em camundongos non-obese diabetic (NOD). Métodos: foram selecionados 48 camundongos NOD com cinco semanas de vida e divididos em quatro grupos (n=12): controle (C), suplemetados com curcumina (CUR), treinados (T) e por último o grupo treinado e suplementado (TC). O experimento durou 20 semanas, a cada duas semanas era medida a glicemia através de glicosimetro. Animais que apresentaram glicemia >250 mg/dL foram classificados como diabéticos. No final foi analisado distribuição de insulites no pâncreas, citocinas inflamatórias, insulina e glicemia de jejum no soro. Resultados: Após 25 semanas de vida a incidência de diabetes foi baixa em todos os grupos (0-16,6%) e não houve diferença entre os grupos nos valores finais de glicemia de jejum. Entretanto, foi possível observar que os animais dos grupos que treinaram apresentaram menos insulites comparados com os grupos sedentários. Não houve efeito da suplementação de curcumina. Conclusão: o exercício físico, mas não a suplementação de curcumina, previne insulites de... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by decreasing of pancreas insulin production. The main pathophysiological mechanism is immune cell infiltration, release of inflammatory cytokines and consequent destruction of beta pancreatic cells. Objective: it is to test possible anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin supplementation and moderate-aerobic exercise on development of T1D in non-obese diabetic mouse (NOD). Methods: At five weeks old, forty-eight NOD were randomly separated into four groups (n=12): control (C), curcumin (CUR), trained (T), and trained plus curcumin (TC). Experiment lasted 20 weeks; every two week glycemic was measured by glucometer. Animals which had glycemic more than 250 mg/dL were classified as diabetic. In the final of protocol, insulits, cytokines and insulin were measured. Results: After 20 weeks, all groups showed low diabetes incidence (0-16.6%), and there were no difference in fasting blood glucose between groups. However, the two groups of trained animals had less insulitis than other sedentary groups. Curcumin supplementation had any effects. Conclusion: exercise, but not curcumin supplementation, prevents insulitis in NOD mice... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Borges, Luciana da Silva 1981. "Potencial antioxidante, óleo essencial e atividade antifúngica de plantas de jambu (Spilanthes oleracea), cultivadas sob adubação orgânica e convencional e processamento mínimo de nectarina (Prunus persica var. nectarina) : conservação de suas qualidades e propriedades bioativas /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103236.
Full textCoorientador: Rumy Goto
Banca: Francisco Artes Calero
Banca: Regildo Márcio Gonçalves da Silva
Banca: João Domingos Rodrigues
Banca: Armando Reis Tavares
Resumo: O jambu (Spilanthes oleracea) é uma planta nativa do Brasil, com propriedades químicas importantes. No Estado de São Paulo, a produção de jambu está direcionada para extração do óleo essencial que está sendo fornecido direto para as indústrias de cosméticos, pela sua qualidade farmacológica. No entanto, pesquisas sobre as propriedades antioxidantes dos extratos aquosos e a ação antifúngica do seu óleo essencial são ainda incipientes. Assim, o objetivo geral do primeiro ao terceiro capitulo foram comparar cultivares de jambu produzidos de forma orgânica e convencional, quanto ao desenvolvimento fenológico das plantas (folha e inflorescência), através dos índices morfo-fisiológicos de crescimento, além das substâncias antioxidantes presentes nos extratos aquosos, teores e composição do óleo essencial, bem como sua ação antifúngica. Nos quarto e quinto capitulos, o objetivo foi o uso de radiação UV-C e aplicação de O2 ( 90-100 Kpa) como tratamento capaz de melhorar o potencial de conservação após o processamento mínimo. As características avaliadas no primeiro capitulo foram: Altura de planta, Área foliar, Massa de matéria fresca, Massa de matéria seca, Índice de área foliar (IAF), Razão de Área Foliar (RAF), Área Foliar Específica (AFE), Razão de Peso das Folhas (RPF), Quantidade de água na parte aérea (QAPA), Peso específico foliar (PEF) e Produtividade econômica. No segundo capitulo, avaliou-se: teor de compostos fenólicos, carotenóides, vitamina C e poliaminas, e a atividade da peroxidase, potencial antioxidante, nitrato e nitrogênio; enquanto que, no terceiro capitulo foi extraído e... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The jambu (Spilanthes oleracea) is a native plant of Brazil, with important chemical properties. In São Paulo, the production is directed jambu for extraction of essential oil being supplied direct to the cosmetic, pharmaceutical for its quality. However, research on its antioxidant properties of aqueous extracts and antifungal effect of the essential oil are still incipient. Thus, the overall goal of the first-third chapter were jambu compare cultivars produced under organic and conventional, as the phenological development of plants (leaf and inflorescence), through morphological and physiological indices of growth, in addition to the antioxidants present in extracts aqueous beyond the content and composition of essential oil as well as its antifungal action. In the fourth and fifth chapters, the goal was the use of UV-C radiation and application of O2 ( 90-100 kPa) as a treatment able to improve the conservation value after processing. The characteristics were evaluated in the first chapter: plant height, leaf area, the fresh mass, dry mass, leaf area index (LAI), Leaf Area Ratio (LAR), specific leaf area (SLA), Reason Weight of Leaves (RPF), Amount of water in the shoot (QAPA) , specific leaf weight (PEF) and economic productivity. In the second chapter, we evaluated: content of phenolic compounds, carotenoids, vitamin C and polyamines, and peroxidase activity, antioxidant potential, and nitrate nitrogen, whereas, in the third chapter was... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Eaton, Alexander Lee. "Isolation and Synthesis of Bioactive Compounds from Plants." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64367.
Full textPh. D.
Zachow, Karine. "Avaliação do tratamento hidrotérmico, combinado ao cálcio e ao ácido giberélico, na resposta do tomate ao chilling." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2011. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1408.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) is subject to chilling injury during cold storage. The application of calcium and plant growth regulators in post-harvest may help to reduce a number of physiological disorders on fruits. In this work were verified the influence of the application in post-harvest of the five treatments: control, without heat shock; only heat shock; heat shock + Ca 2 %; heat shock + GA3 100 mg L-1; and heat shock + Ca 2 % + GA3 100 mg L-1, associated with hydrothermal treatment (45 °C) for 12 min of immersion in the response of tomato to the "chilling" and check the physical and chemical composition, the bioactive compounds and enzyme activity of the fruit. The fruits were stored at 5 °C and relative humidity of 80 % for a period of ten days. The evaluations were made ten days after removal of the fruits of the cooling conditions. The design was completely randomized with five treatments and five repetitions, each repetition being characterized by a fruit. Was applied to the ANOVA results, and when the parameter was significant, the averages were compared by Tukey test, at 5 % probability. The use of heat shock treatment was effective in reducing pathogens in tomato fruits after cold storage. Treatment with heat shock + Ca 2 % + GA3 100 mg L-1 was the best among the rest, because it provided a higher concentration of ascorbic acid, as well as β-carotene and total phenols in the fruits treated and caused a reduction in the incidence of pathogens. The use of GA3 showed better results compared to Ca, when combined with heat shock, the fruits response to the effects of cold storage, requiring further investigation in this direction
O tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) está sujeito a danos causados pelo frio ( chilling ) durante o armazenamento refrigerado. A aplicação, em pós-colheita, de cálcio e reguladores vegetais, bem como do uso de tratamento hidrotérmico, pode contribuir para reduzir vários tipos de desordens fisiológicas nos frutos. Neste trabalho, verificou-se a influência da aplicação, pós-colheita, de cinco tratamentos, sendo eles: controle, sem choque térmico; apenas choque térmico; choque térmico + Ca 2 %; choque térmico + GA3 100 mg L-1; e choque térmico + Ca 2 % + GA3 100 mg L-1, associada ao tratamento hidrotérmico (45 ºC) por 12 min de imersão, na resposta do tomate ao chilling , verificando a composição físico-química, os compostos bioativos e atividade enzimática dos frutos. Os frutos foram armazenados a 5 ºC e umidade relativa de 80 % por um período de dez dias. As avaliações foram efetuadas dez dias após a retirada dos frutos das condições de refrigeração. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições, sendo cada repetição caracterizada por um fruto. Aos resultados aplicou-se ANOVA, e quando o parâmetro foi significativo, suas médias foram comparadas pelo Teste de Tukey, ao nível de 5 % de probabilidade. O uso do tratamento com choque térmico foi eficiente na redução de patógenos nos frutos de tomate após o armazenamento com frio. O tratamento com choque térmico + Ca 2 % + GA3 100 mg L-1 foi o melhor entre os demais, pois proporcionou maior concentração de ácido ascórbico, bem como de β-caroteno e fenóis totais nos frutos tratados e proporcionou redução da incidência de patógenos. O uso do GA3 apresentou melhores resultados comparado ao Ca, quando combinados ao choque térmico, na resposta dos frutos aos efeitos do frio durante a armazenagem, necessitando de maiores investigações neste sentido
Rodrigues, Michelle Fernanda Faita. "Avaliação de tecnologias ambientalmente sustentáveis para extração de compostos bioativos." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2018. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/3264.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Paraná
Extratos, óleos essenciais e compostos químicos isolados de origem vegetal têm sido cada vez mais utilizados, não só como matéria-prima para indústrias de diversos ramos, mas também como alternativa no tratamento de problemas da saúde pela população em geral. Considerando a expressiva importância de produção destas substâncias com qualidade elevada e preço acessível, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo a análise técnica e econômica na obtenção de compostos bioativos a partir das espécies vegetais Artemisia annua e Varronia curassavica. Visando selecionar e testar três tecnologias de extração ambientalmente sustentáveis, dióxido de carbono supercrítico, maceração a frio com o solvente etanol e destilação com arraste a vapor, um protocolo de alto rendimento e baixo custo para obtenção de compostos bioativos de plantas foi proposto. Para a extração com dióxido de carbono supercrítico foi realizada a investigação da influência da temperatura, pressão e volume de cossolvente (etanol) no rendimento de extração e pureza dos extratos. Três experimentos com delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial foram realizados. Para o experimento com A. annua foram testadas 3 temperaturas (40/50/60 ºC), 3 pressões (200/250/300 bar) e 3 níveis de cossolvente (0/15/25%); e para V. curassavica 2 temperaturas (40/60 ºC), 5 pressões (100/150/200/250/300 bar) e extração fracionada. As extrações com destilação por arraste a vapor foram conduzidas à pressão ambiente por 3 - 4 h. E a maceração a frio com etanol foi realizada em série, a pressão ambiente por 6 h, condições estas as ótimas referenciadas. Ao fim dos experimentos os rendimentos e pureza dos extratos e óleo essencial foram comparados e utilizados para a implementação de indústrias de produção de biocompostos utilizando as tecnologias testadas. Por meio de pesquisa de custos envolvidos na implementação do projeto, uso de planilhas no Microsoft Office Excel, do Software SuperPro Designer® e do Aplicativo Web $AVEPI, foi possível estimar os Custos de Produção e Manutenção, Capital Fixo Direto, e, na sequencia simular computacionalmente os cenários econômicos, gerando os indicadores de viabilidade e riscos de implantação das indústrias de extração de artemisinina à partir de A. annua, e óleo essencial à partir de V. curassavica. Observou-se que a extração de artemisinina com dióxido de carbono supercrítico obteve menores rendimentos de extrato que a extração com etanol, porém com maior pureza do composto alvo e custos menores de produção. Na produção de óleo essencial de V. curassavica a extração com dióxido de carbono supercrítico alcançou os mesmos rendimentos e pureza obtidos por destilação com arraste a vapor. No cenário estudado os custos de operação e manutenção da produção de extratos com etanol, dióxido de carbono supercrítico, para A. annua, e dióxido de carbono supercrítico para V. curassavica, revelaram ser maiores que o preço de revenda dos extratos. Para a planta A. annua tais resultados foram atribuídos aos altos custos da matéria-prima, e para V. curassavica aos baixos rendimentos de extrato. O projeto de investimento utilizando destilação com arraste a vapor para obtenção de óleo essencial de V. curassavica mostrou ser promissor devido à alta rentabilidade e baixo risco associado nos senários previstos.
Extracts, essential oils and isolated chemical compounds of vegetable origin have been increasingly used, not only as raw material for industries of different branches, but also as an alternative in the treatment of health problems by the population in general. Considering the expressive importance of producing these substances with high quality and affordable price, the present work had the objective of the technical and economic analysis in obtaining bioactive compounds from the plant species Artemisia annua and Varronia curassavica. Aiming to select and test three environmentally sustainable extraction technologies, supercritical carbon dioxide, cold maceration with the ethanol and steam distillation, a protocol of high yield and low cost to obtain bioactive compounds of plants was proposed. For the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, the influence of temperature, pressure and volume of cosolvent (ethanol) on the extraction yield and purity of the extracts was investigated. Three experiments with a completely randomized design in factorial arrangement were performed. For the A. annua, three temperatures (40/50/60 ºC), 3 pressures (200/250/300 bar) and 3 levels of cosolvents (0/15/25%) were tested; and for V. curassavica 2 temperatures (40/60 ºC), 5 pressures (100/150/200/250/300 bar) and fractional extraction. The extractions with steam distillation were conducted at ambient pressure for 3 - 4 h, and cold maceration with ethanol was carried out in series, at ambient pressure for 6 h, conditions being the best referenced. At the end of the experiments the yields and purity of the extracts and essential oil were compared and used for the implementation of industries of biocomposites production using the technologies tested. Through the research of costs involved in the project implementation and the use of spreadsheets in Microsoft Office Excel, it was calculated the Costs of Production and Maintenance and Direct Fixed Capital; on the sequence, using the Software SuperPro Designer® and the Web Application $AVEPI, the computational simulations were conducted generating the economic indicators on the feasibility and risks of implantation of the industries of extraction of artemisinin from A. annua, and essential oil from V. curassavica. It was observed that the extraction of artemisinin with supercritical carbon dioxide obtained lower yields of extract than the extraction with ethanol, but with higher purity of the target compound and lower costs of production. In the production of essential oil of V. curassavica the extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide reached the same yields and purity obtained by steam distillation. In the scenario studied the costs of operation and maintenance of the production of extracts with ethanol, supercritical carbon dioxide for A. annua, and supercritical carbon dioxide for V. curassavica, were shown to be greater than the revenue price of the extracts. For the A. annua plant, these results were attributed to the high costs of the raw material, and to V. curassavica the low yields of the extract. The investment project using steam distillation for the obtaining of V. curassavica essential oil showed to be promising due to the high profitability and low risk associated in the expected scenarios.
Grosvenor, Paul William. "Isolation and characterisation of novel bioactive compounds from medicinal plants." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325662.
Full textMngeni, Nasipi Zamanala. "Bioactive compounds from selected medicinal plants used in antidiabetic treatment." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2665.
Full textThe continued use and popularity of plant-based traditional medicine demands scientific validation of the therapeutic potential of the medicinal plants used in disease management and treatment. These medicinal plants are to be evaluated for phytochemical constituents and pharmacologically screened for their bioactivity and include the isolation and identification of their bioactive compounds. The diabetes tea and its eight individual plants constituents were collected from Sing Fefur Herbs in McGregor, Western Cape. The plant material was ground to a fine powder form using a milling machine. The powdered plant material was sequentially extracted with hexane, 1:1 DCM, DCM:MeOH, MeOH and water. The antioxidant activity of the tea and its plants was evaluated with comparison to the antioxidant activity of brewed rooibos tea in literature. The concentration of antioxidants in the plants and the tea were found to be significantly high. The ORAC assay results of the water extracts were significantly higher than that of rooibos tea in all plants. Salvia africana-caerulea water extract ORAC results were 14147.10±1.02 μmol TE/g and this is 10 times better than the brewed rooibos tea results of 1402±44.1 μmol TE/g. The alpha-amylase enzyme inhibition assay showed no significant results while the alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition assays showed significant results in some of the extracts. The highest inhibitory activity towards alpha-glucosidase was found in the Urtica urens hexane extract and the Thymus vulgaris hexane extract (69.66% and 68.43%, respectively). This observation suggests that alpha-glucosidase enzyme is inhibited mostly by the less polar or medium polarity chemical components of the plant extracts. The crude plant extracts that showed significant activity in the antidiabetic bioassays were further subjected to cytotoxicity assay to ascertain the safety of extracts. The T. vulgaris DCM extract, Salvia officinalis DCM extract and Salvia officinalis hexane extract showed a cell growth inhibition of 54.91%, 62.14% and 63.87% at 100 μg/ml, respectively. The Salvia africana-caerulea DCM extract showed a cell growth inhibition of 59.10% at 50 μg/ml and 62.14% at 100 μg/ml. In the cytotoxicity analysis Salvia africana-caerulea DCM extract is the only extract that showed cell viability below 50% for both concentrations. Phytochemical screening of selected methanolic and aqueous extracts of the diabetes tea and the Salvia africana-caerulea showed the presence of alkaloids, sugars, flavonoids, glycosides, proteins & amino acids, phenolics & tannins and saponins. Furthermore isolation, purification and analysis of two Salvia africana-caerulea crude extracts (DCM and DCM:MeOH) were done in order to try and obtain pure compounds. The compound characterization was done through the use of chromatographic techniques. Thin layer chromatography (TLC), flash chromatography and column chromatography resulted in the generation of 29 fractions. Spectroscopic techniques utilized for chemical structural elucidation for compounds of interest included Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Of all the fractions generated, DM 23 was the purest and its structural elucidation was attempted.
Perron, Tommy. "Étude du potentiel bioactif de la Brasenia schreberi /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2006. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textLa p. de t. porte en outre: Mémoire présenté à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi comme exigence partielle de la maîtrise en ressources renouvelables. CaQCU Comprend des références bibliographiques. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
Manirujjaman. "Identification of bioactive compounds in native plants and their effects on wound healing." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/132475/1/Manirujjaman_Manirujjaman_Thesis.pdf.
Full textMackenzie, Fiona L. "The isolation, identification and characterisation of bioactive compounds from plants used in traditional medicine." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311779.
Full textYam, Jianying. "The search for bioactive compounds in tropical plants to target hormone imbalance associated diseases /." Basel : [s.n.], 2008. http://edoc.unibas.ch/diss/DissB_8163.
Full textKing, Maria Catharina. "Bioactive actinobacteria associated with two South African medicinal plants, Aloe ferox and Sutherlandia frutescens." University of Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8382.
Full textActinobacteria, a Gram-positive phylum of bacteria found in both terrestrial and aquatic environments, are well-known producers of antibiotics and other bioactive compounds. The isolation of actinobacteria from unique environments has resulted in the discovery of new antibiotic compounds that can be used by the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, the fynbos biome was identified as one of these unique habitats due to its rich plant diversity that hosts over 8500 different plant species, including many medicinal plants. In this study two medicinal plants from the fynbos biome were identified as unique environments for the discovery of bioactive actinobacteria, Aloe ferox (Cape aloe) and Sutherlandia frutescens (cancer bush).
Duru, Betul. "Isolation Of A Bioactive Compound Hypericin From A Medicinal Plant Hyppericum Perforatum L. Using Basic Chromatography Methods." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604846/index.pdf.
Full texts synthetic drug raw materials are to be prepared by using plant originated compounds as the starting material. Hypericum Perforatum is one of the medicinal plants that grows in Europe, Western Asia and Northern Africa and is distinguished by its golden yellow flowers. The common name of the plant is St. John&rsquo
s wort. From the time of the ancient Greeks down through the middle Ages, the plant was considered to be imbued with magical powers and was used to ward off evil and protect against disease. As a practical folk-remedy, it has been used widely to heal wounds, remedy kidney troubles, and alleviate nervous disorders, even insanity. In the last thirty years, Hypericum perforatum has undergone extensive clinical and laboratory testing. The extract of the flower is a red liquid that contains many biologically active compounds such as: naphtodianthrones (hypericin, pseudohypericin), phloroglucinols (hyperforin, adhyperforin), flavonoids (quercetin, hyperoside, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, rutin, campferol, myricetin, amentofloavone), procyanidins (procyanidin, catechin, epicatechin polymers) , tannins (tannic acid), essential oils (terpenes, alcohols), amino acids (GABA, Cysteine, glutamine, leucine, lysine, ornithine, praline, threonine), phenyl propanes (caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid), xanthones (keilcorin, norathriol), organic acids peptides and polysaccharides (other water soluble compounds). These compounds have previously been isolated using HPLC method. The aim of this study is to isolate the main biologically active compound groups of Hypericum Perforatum and simply characterize the compounds with TLC, UV-VIS spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy using standard compounds as references.
Franquez, Gustavo Giménez. "Seleção e multiplicação de clones de morangueiro (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.)." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3165.
Full textOs objetivos deste trabalho foram selecionar novos clones de morangueiro para o RS e desenvolver um sistema de multiplicação para a obtenção de mudas com alta qualidade fisiológica e sanitária. Foram avaliados cinco clones avançados do Programa de Melhoramento e duas testemunhas, em túneis baixos, durante os meses de abril e dezembro de 2006. Para a multiplicação foi utilizado um sistema fechado sem solo, baseado em um leito de cultivo com substrato sobre telhas de fibrocimento. A circulação da solução nutritiva foi feita a partir de um reservatório até a extremidade mais alta da telha, drenando por gravidade. Como substrato, testou-se a areia na categoria inerte e o Plantmax® na categoria orgânica, com dois clones. Em outro experimento foi comparada a produtividade de mudas com torrão de diferentes tamanhos e com raízes nuas. As mudas com torrão foram produzidas a partir de pontas de estolão enraizadas em bandejas com diferentes volumes de substrato orgânico. As mudas com raízes nuas foram provenientes do sistema fechado sem solo. Foram identificados os clones LBD 15.1, LBH 27.2, LBD 35.2 e LBG 121.4 com potencial para serem cultivados no RS. Esses clones combinam alta produtividade precoce e total, qualidade de fruta, conteúdo de componentes bioativos na fruta e resistência às doenças. Um alto número de mudas e pontas de estolão sadias e de alta qualidade foi obtido no sistema fechado sem solo com ambos os substratos e clones. As mudas com torrão apresentaram maior produtividade precoce no outono e inverno. Tanto as mudas com torrão como as de raízes nuas alcançaram elevada produtividade total. Concluiu-se que os novos clones selecionados podem ser indicados em substituição ou em combinação com as cultivares atualmente em uso no RS e que o sistema fechado sem solo é uma alternativa sustentável para ser empregada na produção de mudas com raízes nuas e de pontas de estolão para mudas com torrão.
Perera, Muthukuttige. "Phytochemical analysis of two Australian native plants and their effects on chronic wound healing." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/229994/1/Muthukuttige%20Madusha%20Nuwanthi_Perera_Thesis.pdf.
Full textRakuambo, N. C. (Ntungufhadzeni Christopher). "The traditional use of medicinal plants to treat erectile dysfunction and the isolation of their bioactive compounds." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23154.
Full textDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2002.
Plant Science
unrestricted
Dilika, Fikile. "The medicinal value of Amaryllidaceae and Asteraceae species used in male circumcision." Thesis, Connect to this title online, 2002. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04112007-153554/.
Full textOkeleye, Benjamin Ifeoluwa. "In vitro activity of bioactive compounds of selected South African medicinal plants on clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/310.
Full textManolaraki, Foteini. "Propriétés anthelminthiques du sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifoliae) : analyse des facteurs de variations et du rôle des composés phénoliques impliqués." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0011/document.
Full textGastrointestinal nematodes remain a major constraint on the health, welfare and production of small ruminants. Over the past decades, the usual mode of control of this parasitism has mainly relied on the repeated use of chemical anthelmintics. However these treatments are nowadaysfacing some limits among which the most important is the development and widespread diffusion of resistance to these chemical molecules within worm populations. Consequently, the need to find complementary or alternative solutions is becoming urgent. The possible exploitation of forage legumes, rich in condensed tannins, with anthelmintic properties, by incorporation in the diet of sheep or goats, seems a promising option to reduce the reliance on chemical molecules. However, one of the main difficulties to use these plants as nutraceuticals relates to the variations in results. By using sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifoliae) as a model of tannin-containing legume and based on in vitro methods on the infective third stage larvae, the main objectives of this PhD were i) to examine the influence of environmental, genetic (40 different varieties) and technological (mode of preservation) factors on the anthelmintic properties of sainfoin and ii) to analyse whether differences in phenolic compounds might explain the variations. Whatever the factor considered, a high variability in results was observed. The main variations due to the environmental factors depended on the year and the cycle of cutting, as well as on the site of cultivation. Among the 38 varieties tested, only 9 have shown AH activity over 50 %. Last, a higher antiparasitic activity was found in the dried or ensiled forms compared to the fresh samples. A comparison of the biochemical profiles associated with these variations indicated a role of proanthocyanidins plus other phenolic compounds in the anthelmintic properties. The dose-response relationship between the AH activity and the ability to form complex with proteins was defined. The role of condensed tannins was confirmed, particularly those with a low degree of polymerization. The respective importance of prodelphinidins vs procyanidins remains to be further investigated. Moreover, the possible role of other flavonoids, in particular of flavan-3-ols and flavonols was also confirmed. The difference in activity between dried or ensiled forms compared to fresh sainfoin samples was partly explained by the presence of flavonol aglycosides. These results should favour the development of measurements in order to identify sainfoin samples with higher anthelmintic properties
Azuama, Onyedikachi Cecil. "Recherche de nouveaux actifs d'origine végétale contre le pathogène opportuniste de l'homme Pseudomonas aeruginosa Battling Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence with natural plant bioactive compounds Membrane-interactive compounds from Pistacia lentiscus L. thwart Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence Tackling Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence by mulinane-like diterpenoids from Azorella atacamensis Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence attenuation by extracts of Parastrephia terestiuscula, Baccharis grisebachii, Haplopappus rigidus medicinal plants of the Asteraceae family from the Atacama Desert area The absence of SigX results in impaired carbon metabolism and membrane fluidity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Activation of the Cell Wall stress response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected by a Pf4 Phage Variant The temperature-regulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cmaX-cfrX-cmp-X operon reveals an intriguing molecular network involving the Sigma factors AlgU and SigX." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR077.
Full textAntimicrobial resistance has become a great challenge in therapeutic medicine so much so that the World health organization forecasts the possibility of a post-antibiotic era where minor injuries may lead to mortality. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is among the list of organisms that are highly resistant to conventional antibiotics, partly due to its broad genome, which facilitates the elaboration of virulence determinants and rapid adaptation to various environments, in addition to its inherent resistance mechanisms. In view of this, alternative measures of controlling microbial virulence activities using novel approaches that do not disturb its growth and viability, also known as anti-virulence strategy, are gaining wider attention. Since plants are repositories of several metabolites with chemical defense system against environmental pathogens, through ethnobotanical led studies, the effect of Pistacia lentiscus fruit extracts originating from Algeria and forty plant extracts originating from North-Chile were biologically and chemically evaluated with the aim of deciphering their anti-virulence effects against P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, this study tried to gain more insight into the bioactive compounds and possible mechanism of action. From the results obtained, selected plant extracts attenuated P. aeruginosa mainly pyocyanin activity and /or elastase and rhamnolipids virulence production which appears to be associated with the inhibition of quorum sensing activities and the alteration in membrane activities. The anti-virulence effect of the selected extracts (P. lentiscus, Azorella atacamensis, Baccharis grisebachii, Haplopappus rigidus and Parastrephia terestiucula) were also validated in biological models of infections where they mediated the toxicity of P. aeruginosa towards A549 human monolayer cells and/or Caenorhabditis elegans nematode. Interestingly, growth of the pathogen was not affected. Further chemical profiling of P. Lentiscus, and A atacamensis extracts revealed the presence of gingkolic acid and azorellane/mulinane diterpenoids as the putative bioactive compounds. Future studies intend to explore these extracts and their derived compounds on the potentiation of antibiotic activity in a panel of clinical strains. In general, this study sets the pace for the possible use of these plant extracts as adjuvants in treatment of P. aeruginosa infections
Okoh, Omobola Oluranti. "Chemical transformations and phytochemical studies of bioactive components from extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis L." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/354.
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