Relevant bibliographies by topics / Plant 3D modeling

Academic literature on the topic 'Plant 3D modeling'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Plant 3D modeling"

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Chang, Wushuai, Weiliang Wen, Chenxi Zheng, Xianju Lu, Bo Chen, Ruiqi Li, and Xinyu Guo. "Geometric Wheat Modeling and Quantitative Plant Architecture Analysis Using Three-Dimensional Phytomers." Plants 12, no. 3 (January 18, 2023): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12030445.

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The characterization, analysis, and evaluation of morphology and structure are crucial in wheat research. Quantitative and fine characterization of wheat morphology and structure from a three-dimensional (3D) perspective has great theoretical significance and application value in plant architecture identification, high light efficiency breeding, and cultivation. This study proposes a geometric modeling method of wheat plants based on the 3D phytomer concept. Specifically, 3D plant architecture parameters at the organ, phytomer, single stem, and individual plant scales were extracted based on the geometric models. Furthermore, plant architecture vector (PA) was proposed to comprehensively evaluate wheat plant architecture, including convergence index (C), leaf structure index (L), phytomer structure index (PHY), and stem structure index (S). The proposed method could quickly and efficiently achieve 3D wheat plant modeling by assembling 3D phytomers. In addition, the extracted PA quantifies the plant architecture differences in multi-scales among different cultivars, thus, realizing a shift from the traditional qualitative to quantitative analysis of plant architecture. Overall, this study promotes the application of the 3D phytomer concept to multi-tiller crops, thereby providing a theoretical and technical basis for 3D plant modeling and plant architecture quantification in wheat.
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Tian, Chun Yao, and Guo You Li. "A Virtual Reality Based 3D Simulation Modeling of Ethylene Cracking Plant." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 3110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.3110.

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Using virtual reality computer simulation technology, by researching of the ethylene production process equipment and production process, Ethylene cracking plant modeling and simulation training system development were completed. Ethylene cracking device 3D modeling development scheme and process were introduced, which include the use of 3DMAX software for 3D modeling design, combined with the virtual reality software realization of human-computer interactive function design. Based on Virtual reality technology, 3D simulation system of ethylene plant was realized.
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Wen, Weiliang, Xinyu Guo, Yongjian Wang, Chunjiang Zhao, and Weihua Liao. "Constructing a Three-Dimensional Resource Database of Plants Using Measured in situ Morphological Data." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 33, no. 6 (2017): 747–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.12135.

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Abstract. 3D modeling of plants forms the basis of functional-structural plant modeling (FSPM) and digital plant research, and also plays an important role in research on plant phenotypes and germplasm resource protection. To provide high fidelity 3D models with complete agronomic information for research and applications, this study constructed a 3D visual database of plants. First, measured morphological data that included 3D digital data, 3D point clouds, and texture mapping images were acquired for different precision requirements. To set unified access rules for the database, a standard for the morphological data acquisition of plants was proposed. This data acquisition standard directs how 3D digital data, 3D point clouds, and texture imaging features of organs and plants are acquired. It also specifies the agronomic information that must be collected to guarantee the completeness of the morphological data record, such as the plant cultivar, growth period, planting density, water, and fertilizer treatment. Next, geometric models of plants and organs were generated using parametric plant modeling methods and geometric modeling based on point clouds using the acquired data. Finally, a plant 3D resource database was constructed by selecting those plant resources that contained two classes of database keywords: agronomy attribute keywords and 3D attribute keywords. The database contains a large number of plant models of different species, cultivars, and multiple growth periods with agronomic parameters and a high level of detail. The creation of such a database promotes the role of digital plant records in agricultural research and production. Keywords: Agricultural research, Agronomic parameters, Database, Geometric model, Morphology, Plants, Three-dimensional data.
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Yin, Mu Yi, Ling Zhang, Wei Li, and Yu Lin Chen. "Research on Virtual Plant Modeling Based on Local Environment Sensitivity." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 3133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.3133.

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This paper analyzed a 2D plant response model to pruning constructed by environmentally sensitive L-system. Then a computer simulation model based on the 3D plant development was presented. By integrating these two models, a model of 3D trees response of pruning was proposed. The experiment shows that environmentally-sensitive extension of L-systems could make a better simulation on the plant growth change process after pruning.
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Doan, Thien Minh, Khoi Nguyen Nguyen Tran, Tuan Dinh Le, Cang Trong Vo, and Chung Quang Dinh. "SHIP ASSEMBLY DESIGN BY 3D MODELING." Science and Technology Development Journal 14, no. 4 (December 30, 2011): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v14i4.2007.

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Since Vietnam began to open up to the outside world in the 1990s, its national shipbuilding industry has witnessed great development. So far it has assumed a share of the international shipbuilding market. To build ships for foreign custumers is obviously more complicated than for dosmetic shipowners. Nowadays, the computer technology has been advancing greatly. So, to compete with foreign designs, we have also devised a strategy to develop its techniques and technology by acquiring the latest software from advanced shipbuilding countries like United States, Europe, Korea, Japan, China, … Among the special modern softwares – Plant Design Management Systems (PDMS) is a new trend in the shipbuilding industry. Indeed, the naval architects and marine engineers can design, modify, manage hull construction and outfitting their database on the 3D object with its … and their drawing travelled directly to CNC machines. All in all, we have little time to catch this new techniques of the global. This is both a challenge and an opportunity to the national shipbuilding industry.
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Martinez-Guanter, Jorge, Ángela Ribeiro, Gerassimos G. Peteinatos, Manuel Pérez-Ruiz, Roland Gerhards, José María Bengochea-Guevara, Jannis Machleb, and Dionisio Andújar. "Low-Cost Three-Dimensional Modeling of Crop Plants." Sensors 19, no. 13 (June 28, 2019): 2883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19132883.

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Plant modeling can provide a more detailed overview regarding the basis of plant development throughout the life cycle. Three-dimensional processing algorithms are rapidly expanding in plant phenotyping programmes and in decision-making for agronomic management. Several methods have already been tested, but for practical implementations the trade-off between equipment cost, computational resources needed and the fidelity and accuracy in the reconstruction of the end-details needs to be assessed and quantified. This study examined the suitability of two low-cost systems for plant reconstruction. A low-cost Structure from Motion (SfM) technique was used to create 3D models for plant crop reconstruction. In the second method, an acquisition and reconstruction algorithm using an RGB-Depth Kinect v2 sensor was tested following a similar image acquisition procedure. The information was processed to create a dense point cloud, which allowed the creation of a 3D-polygon mesh representing every scanned plant. The selected crop plants corresponded to three different crops (maize, sugar beet and sunflower) that have structural and biological differences. The parameters measured from the model were validated with ground truth data of plant height, leaf area index and plant dry biomass using regression methods. The results showed strong consistency with good correlations between the calculated values in the models and the ground truth information. Although, the values obtained were always accurately estimated, differences between the methods and among the crops were found. The SfM method showed a slightly better result with regard to the reconstruction the end-details and the accuracy of the height estimation. Although the use of the processing algorithm is relatively fast, the use of RGB-D information is faster during the creation of the 3D models. Thus, both methods demonstrated robust results and provided great potential for use in both for indoor and outdoor scenarios. Consequently, these low-cost systems for 3D modeling are suitable for several situations where there is a need for model generation and also provide a favourable time-cost relationship.
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Zivkovic, Miroslav, Snezana Vulovic, and Rodoljub Vujanac. "Assessment of the drum remaining lifetime in thermal power plant." Thermal Science 14, suppl. (2010): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci100507030z.

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In this paper analysis of stress and thermal-elastic-plastic strain of the drum is performed. Influence of modified thickness, yield stress and finite element model of welded joint between pipe and drum on assessment of the remaining lifetime of the drum in the thermal power plant is analyzed. Two analyses are compared. In the first, drum is modeled by shell and by 3D finite elements with projected geometrical and material data of drum. Then, the drum is modeled by shell and by 3D finite elements with modified thickness and yield stress. The analysis show that detailed modeling of stress concentration zones is necessary. Adequate modeling gives lower maximal effective plastic strain and increased number of cycles and, in that case, 3D finite elements are better comparing to shell finite elements.
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Chen, Fang Yi, Tian En Chen, Wei Wang, and Xiao Jing Ma. "A Method of Pepper Plant Modeling and Animation Set-Up in Autodesk Maya." Applied Mechanics and Materials 462-463 (November 2013): 1110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.462-463.1110.

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Virtual crop models and animation make great significances to agricultural researches. But to recreate the structure and dynamic is often a hard and laborious task. Most existing plant-modeling systems require the user to have specific biological knowledge about plants, but its often the 3D artists who do the work. This paper discusses a method of plant modeling and rigging in Maya, which has already been familiar to 3D artists and has advantages in industrial production pipelines. The method takes pepper plant for example, dividing the problem into organs and the growth patterns, and using Maya modeling and animating system to simulate the topological structure and growth dynamic. It set up the geometry with controls which are easy to use. The result can be conveniently exported to projects. This approach helps prepare the research of variety plant modeling and animation plug-in for Maya.
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Lu, Shenglian, Xinyu Guo, Chunjiang Zhao, and Changfeng Li. "Physical Model for Interactive Deformation of 3D Plant." International Journal of Virtual Reality 10, no. 2 (January 1, 2011): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/ijvr.2011.10.2.2809.

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Modeling the deformation of 3D plant is a challenge in computer graphics. This paper presents a simulation method for physically simulating interactive deformation of 3D plant models. This method creates a tetrahedral mesh from the initial triangular plant model, the tetrahedral mesh is then used for dynamic response calculation of collision or interaction, the original triangular mesh is deformed along with the tetrahedral mesh. A capsule-based method and a spatial hashing based method are used for efficient and accurate collision detection. Smooth deformation effects and real-time simulation on 3D plant models demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. The main contribution of this paper is the proposed method can handle the geometric complexity of various plants by a simple model.
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Yang, Yubin, Livia Paleari, Lloyd T. Wilson, Roberto Confalonieri, Adriano Z. Astaldi, Mirko Buratti, Zongbu Yan, Eric Christensen, Jing Wang, and Stanley Omar P. B. Samonte. "Characterizing Genotype-Specific Rice Architectural Traits Using Smart Mobile App and Data Modeling." Agronomy 11, no. 12 (November 28, 2021): 2428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122428.

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The quantity and quality of light captured by a plant’s canopy control many of its growth and development processes. However, light quality-related processes are not very well represented in most traditional and functional–structural crop models, which has been a major barrier to furthering crop model improvement and to better capturing the genetic control and environment modification of plant growth and development. A main challenge is the difficulty in obtaining dynamic data on plant canopy architectural characteristics. Current approaches on the measurement of 3D traits often relies on technologies that are either costly, excessively complicated, or impractical for field use. This study presents a methodology to estimate plant 3D traits using smart mobile app and data modeling. Leaf architecture data on 16 genotypes of rice were collected during two crop seasons using the smart-app PocketPlant3D. Quadratic Bézier curves were fitted to leaf lamina for estimation of insertion angle, elevation angle, and curve height. Leaf azimuth angle distribution, leaf phyllotaxis, canopy leaf angle distribution, and light extinction coefficients were also analyzed. The results could be used for breeding line selection or for parameterizing or evaluating rice 3D architectural models. The methodology opens new opportunities for strengthening the integration of plant 3D architectural traits in crop modeling, better capturing the genetic control and environment modification of plant growth and development, and for improving ideotype-based plant breeding.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Plant 3D modeling"

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An, Nan. "Plant high-throughput phenotyping using photogrammetry and 3D modeling techniques." Diss., Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20493.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Agronomy
Kevin Price
Stephen M. Welch
Plant phenotyping has been studied for decades for understanding the relationship between plant genotype, phenotype, and the surrounding environment. Improved accuracy and efficiency in plant phenotyping is a critical factor in expediting plant breeding and the selection process. In the past, plant phenotypic traits were extracted using invasive and destructive sampling methods and manual measurements, which were time-consuming, labor-intensive, and cost-inefficient. More importantly, the accuracy and consistency of manual methods can be highly variable. In recent years, however, photogrammetry and 3D modeling techniques have been introduced to extract plant phenotypic traits, but no cost-efficient methods using these two techniques have yet been developed for large-scale plant phenotyping studies. High-throughput 3D modeling techniques in plant biology and agriculture are still in the developmental stages, but it is believed that the temporal and spatial resolutions of these systems are well matched to many plant phenotyping needs. Such technology can be used to help rapid phenotypic trait extraction aid crop genotype selection, leading to improvements in crop yield. In this study, we introduce an automated high-throughput phenotyping pipeline using affordable imaging systems, image processing, and 3D reconstruction algorithms to build 2D mosaicked orthophotos and 3D plant models. Chamber-based and ground-level field implementations can be used to measure phenotypic traits such as leaf length, rosette area in 2D and 3D, plant nastic movement, and diurnal cycles. Our automated pipeline has cross-platform capabilities and a degree of instrument independence, making it suitable for various situations.
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Balduzzi, Mathilde. "Plant canopy modeling from Terrestrial LiDAR System distance and intensity data." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20203.

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Le défi de cette thèse est de reconstruire la géométrie 3D de la végétation à partir des données de distance et d'intensité fournies par un scanner de type LiDAR. Une méthode de « shape-from-shading » par propagation est développée pour être combinée avec une méthode de fusion de données type filtre de Kalman pour la reconstruction optimale des surfaces foliaires.-Introduction-L'analyse des données LiDAR nous permet de dire que la qualité du nuage de point est variable en fonction de la configuration de la mesure : lorsque le LiDAR mesure le bord d'une surface ou une surface fortement inclinée, il intègre dans sa mesure une partie de l'arrière plan. Ces configurations de mesures produisent des points aberrants. On retrouve souvent ce type de configuration pour la mesure de feuillages puisque ces derniers ont des géométries fragmentées et variables. Les scans sont en général de mauvaise qualité et la quantité d'objets présents dans le scan rend la suppression manuelle des points aberrants fastidieuse. L'objectif de cette thèse est de développer une méthodologie permettant d'intégrer les données d'intensité LiDAR aux distances pour corriger automatiquement ces points aberrants. -Shape-From-Shading-Le principe du Shape-From-Shading (SFS) est de retrouver les valeurs de distance à partir des intensités d'un objet pris en photo. La caméra (capteur LiDAR) et la source de lumière (laser LiDAR) ont la même direction et sont placés à l'infini relativement à la surface, ce qui rend l'effet de la distance sur l'intensité négligeable et l'hypothèse d'une caméra orthographique valide. En outre, la relation entre angle d'incidence lumière/surface et intensité est connue. Par la nature des données LiDAR, nous pourrons choisir la meilleure donnée entre distance et intensité à utiliser pour la reconstruction des surfaces foliaires. Nous mettons en place un algorithme de SFS par propagation le long des régions iso-intenses pour pouvoir intégrer la correction de la distance grâce à l'intensité via un filtre de type Kalman. -Design mathématique de la méthode-Les morceaux de surface correspondant aux régions iso-intenses sont des morceaux de surfaces dites d'égales pentes, ou de tas de sable. Nous allons utiliser ce type de surface pour reconstruire la géométrie 3D correspondant aux images d'intensité.Nous démontrons qu'à partir de la connaissance de la 3D d'un bord d'une région iso-intense, nous pouvons retrouver des surfaces paramétriques correspondant à la région iso-intense qui correspondent aux surfaces de tas de sable. L'initialisation de la région iso-intense initiale (graine de propagation) se fait grâce aux données de distance LiDAR. Les lignes de plus grandes pentes de ces surfaces sont générées. Par propagation de ces lignes (et donc génération du morceau de la surface en tas de sable), nous déterminons l'autre bord de la région iso-intense. Puis, par itération, nous propagerons la reconstruction de la surface. -Filtre de Kalman-Nous pouvons considérer cette propagation des lignes de plus grande pente comme étant le calcul d'une trajectoire sur la surface à reconstruire. Dans le cadre de notre étude, la donnée de distance est toujours disponible (données du scanner 3D). Ainsi il est possible de choisir, lors de la propagation, quelle donnée (distance ou intensité) utiliser pour la reconstruction. Ceci peut être fait notamment grâce à une fusion de type Kalman. -Algorithme-Pour procéder à la reconstruction par propagation, il est nécessaire d'hiérarchiser les domaines iso-intenses de l'image. Une fois que les graines de propagation sont repérées, elles sont initialisées avec l'image des distances. Enfin, pour chacun des nœuds de la hiérarchie (représentant un domaine iso-intense), la reconstruction d'un tas de sable est faite. C'est lors de cette dernière étape qu'une fusion de type Kalman peut être introduite
The challenge of this thesis is reconstruct the 3D geometry of vegetation from distance and intensity data provided by a 3D scanner LiDAR. A method of “Shape-From-Shading” by propagation is developed to be combined with a fusion method of type “Kalman” to get an optimal reconstruction of the leaves. -Introduction-The LiDAR data analysis shows that the point cloud quality is variable. This quality depends upon the measurement set up. When the LiDAR laser beam reaches the edge of a surface (or a steeply inclined surface), it also integrate background measurement. Those set up produce outliers. This kind of set up is common for foliage measurement as foliages have in general fragmented and complex shape. LiDAR data are of bad quality and the quantity of leaves in a scan makes the correction of outliers fastidious. This thesis goal is to develop a methodology to allow us to integrate the LiDAR intensity data to the distance to make an automatic correction of those outliers. -Shape-from-shading-The Shape-from-shading principle is to reconstruct the distance values from intensities of a photographed object. The camera (LiDAR sensor) and the light source (LiDAR laser) have the same direction and are placed at infinity relatively to the surface. This makes the distance effect on intensity negligible and the hypothesis of an orthographic camera valid. In addition, the relationship between the incident angle light beam and intensity is known. Thanks to the LiDAR data analysis, we are able to choose the best data between distance and intensity in the scope of leaves reconstruction. An algorithm of propagation SFS along iso-intense regions is developed. This type of algorithm allows us to integrate a fusion method of type Kalman. -Mathematical design of the method-The patches of the surface corresponding to the iso-intense regions are patches of surfaces called the constant slope surfaces, or sand-pile surfaces. We are going to use those surfaces to rebuild the 3D geometry corresponding to the scanned surfaces. We show that from the knowledge of the 3d of an iso-intensity region, we can construct those sand-pile surfaces. The initialization of the first iso-intense regions contour (propagation seeds) is done with the 3D LiDAR data. The greatest slope lines of those surfaces are generated. Thanks to the propagation of those lines (and thus of the corresponding sand-pile surface), we build the other contour of the iso-intense region. Then, we propagate the reconstruction iteratively. -Kalman filter-We can consider this propagation as being the computation of a trajectory on the reconstructed surface. In our study framework, the distance data is always available (3D scanner data). It is thus possible to choose which data (intensity vs distance) is the best to reconstruct the object surface. This can be done with a fusion of type Kalman filter. -Algorithm-To proceed a reconstruction by propagation, it is necessary to order the iso-intensity regions. Once the propagation seeds are found, they are initialized with the distances provided by the LiDAR. For each nodes of the hierarchy (corresponding to an iso-intensity region), the sand-pile surface reconstruction is done. -Manuscript-The thesis manuscript gathers five chapters. First, we give a short description of the LiDAR technology and an overview of the traditional 3D surface reconstruction from point cloud. Then we make a state-of-art of the shape-from –shading methods. LiDAR intensity is studied in a third chapter to define the strategy of distance effect correction and to set up the incidence angle vs intensity relationship. A fourth chapter gives the principal results of this thesis. It gathers the theoretical approach of the SFS algorithm developed in this thesis. We will provide its description and results when applied to synthetic images. Finally, a last chapter introduces results of leaves reconstruction
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Schöler, Florian [Verfasser]. "3D Reconstruction of Plant Architecture by Grammar-based Modeling and Markov Chain Sampling / Florian Schöler." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060787245/34.

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Su, Ning. "Cutting force modeling and optimization in 3D plane surface machining." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ39890.pdf.

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Singels, Wynand. "An application of photogrammetry in the petrochemical industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2296.

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Thesis (MScEng (Mathematical Sciences. Applied Mathematics))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.
When building or improving a petrochemical plant, drawings are used extensively in the design process. However, existing petrochemical plants seldom match their drawings, or the drawings are lost, forcing the need to generate a 3D model of the structure of the plant. In this thesis photogrammetry is investigated as a method of generating a digital 3D model of an existing plant. Camera modeling, target extraction and 3D reconstruction are discussed in detail, and a real-world system is investigated.
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Al-Douri, Firas A. Salman. "Impact of utilizing 3D digital urban models on the design content of urban design plans in US cities." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4324.

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Some experts suggest that urban design plans in US cities may lack adequate coverage of the essential design aspects, particularly three-dimensional design aspects of the physical environment. Digital urban models and information technology tools may help designers visualize and interact with design alternatives, large urban data sets, and 3D information more effectively, thus correcting this problem. However, there is a limited understanding of the impact that these models may have on the quality of the design product and consequently hesitation about the appropriate methods of their usage. These suggest a need for research into how the usage of digital models can affect the extent with which urban design plans cover the essential design aspects. This research discusses the role digital models can play in supporting designers in addressing the essential design aspects. The research objective is to understand how the usage of digital models affects the coverage of the essential design aspects. The research applies a novel perspective of examining both the methods of modeling-supported urban design and the design content of urban design to attempt to reveal a correlation or causal relation. Using the mixed method approach, this research includes three phases. The first, literature review, focused on reviewing secondary sources to construct theoretical propositions about the impact of digital modeling on urban design against which empirical observations were compared. Using qualitative content analysis, the second phase involved examining 14 plans to assess their design content and conducting structured interviews with the designers of four selected plans. The third phase involved sending questionnaire forms to designers in the planning departments and firms that developed the examined plans. The analysis results were compared with the theoretical propositions and discussed to derive conclusions. The extent of design aspects coverage was found to be correlated with the usage of digital modeling. Computational plans appear to have achieved a higher level of design aspects coverage and a better translation of design goals and objectives. In those plans, 3D urban-wide design aspects were addressed more effectively than in conventional plans. The effective usage of the model's functions appears to improve the quality of the decision-making process through increasing designers' visualization and analytical capabilities, and providing a platform for communicating design ideas among and across design teams. The results helped suggest a methodological framework for the best practices of modeling usage to improve the design content.
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Cura, Rémi. "Inverse procedural Street Modelling : from interactive to automatic reconstruction." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1034/document.

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La population mondiale augmente rapidement, et avec elle, le nombre de citadins, ce qui rend d'autant plus importantes la planification et la gestion des villes.La gestion "intelligente" de ces villes et les nombreuses applications (gestion, tourisme virtuel, simulation de trafic, etc.) nécessitent plus de données réunies dans des modèles virtuels de villes.En milieu urbain, les rues et routes sont essentielles par leur rôle d'interface entre les espaces publics et privés, et entre ces différents usages.Il est difficile de modéliser les rues (ou de les reconstruire virtuellement) car celles-ci sont très diverses (de par leur forme, fonction, morphologie), et contiennent des objets très divers (mobilier, marquages, panneaux).Ce travail de thèse propose une méthode (semi-) automatique pour reconstruire des rues en utilisant le paradigme de la modélisation procédurale inverse dont le principe est de générer un modèle procéduralement, puis de l'adapter à des observations de la réalité.Notre méthode génère un premier modèle approximatif - à partir de très peu d'informations (un réseau d'axes routiers + attributs associés) - assez largement disponible.Ce modèle est ensuite adapté à des observations de façon interactive (interaction en base compatible avec les logiciels SIG communs) et (semi-) automatique (optimisation).L'adaptation (semi-) automatique déforme le modèle de route de façon à ce qu'il corresponde à des observations (bords de trottoir, objets urbains) extraites d'images et de nuages de points.La génération (StreetGen) et l'édition interactive se font dans un serveur de base de données ; de même que la gestion des milliards de points Lidar (Point Cloud Server).La génération de toutes les rues de la ville de Paris prends quelques minutes, l'édition multi-utilisateurs est interactive (<0.3 s). Les premiers résultats de l'adaptation (semi-) automatique (qq minute) sont prometteurs (la distance moyenne à la vérité terrain passe de 2.0 m à 0.5 m).Cette méthode, combinée avec d'autres telles que la reconstruction de bâtiment, de végétation, etc., pourrait permettre rapidement et semi automatiquement la création de modèles précis et à jour de ville
World urban population is growing fast, and so are cities, inducing an urgent need for city planning and management.Increasing amounts of data are required as cities are becoming larger, "Smarter", and as more related applications necessitate those data (planning, virtual tourism, traffic simulation, etc.).Data related to cities then become larger and are integrated into more complex city model.Roads and streets are an essential part of the city, being the interface between public and private space, and between urban usages.Modelling streets (or street reconstruction) is difficult because streets can be very different from each other (in layout, functions, morphology) and contain widely varying urban features (furniture, markings, traffic signs), at different scales.In this thesis, we propose an automatic and semi-automatic framework to model and reconstruct streets using the inverse procedural modelling paradigm.The main guiding principle is to generate a procedural generic model and then to adapt it to reality using observations.In our framework, a "best guess" road model is first generated from very little information (road axis network and associated attributes), that is available in most of national databases.This road model is then fitted to observations by combining in-base interactive user edition (using common GIS software as graphical interface) with semi-automated optimisation.The optimisation approach adapts the road model so it fits observations of urban features extracted from diverse sensing data.Both street generation (StreetGen) and interactions happen in a database server, as well as the management of large amount of street Lidar data (sensing data) as the observations using a Point Cloud Server.We test our methods on the entire Paris city, whose streets are generated in a few minutes, can be edited interactively (<0.3 s) by several concurrent users.Automatic fitting (few m) shows promising results (average distance to ground truth reduced from 2.0 m to 0.5m).In the future, this method could be mixed with others dedicated to reconstruction of buildings, vegetation, etc., so an affordable, precise, and up to date City model can be obtained quickly and semi-automatically.This will also allow to such models to be used in other application areas.Indeed, the possibility to have common, more generic, city models is an important challenge given the cost an complexity of their construction
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Turunc, Cagri. "An Implementation Of 3d Slam With Planar Segments." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614928/index.pdf.

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Localization and mapping are vital capabilities for a mobile robot. These two capabilities strongly depend on each other and simultaneously executing both of these operations is called SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping). SLAM problem requires the environment to be represented with an abstract mapping model. It is possible to construct a map from point cloud of environment via scanner sensor systems. On the other hand, extracting higher level of features from point clouds and using these extracted features as an input for mapping system is also a possible solution for SLAM. In this work, a 4D feature based EKF SLAM system is constructed and open form of equations of algorithm are presented. The algorithm is able to use center of mass and direction of features as input parameters and executes EKF SLAM via these parameters. Performance of 4D feature based EKF SLAM was examined and compared with 3D EKF SLAM via monte-carlo simulations. By this way
it is believed that, contribution of adding a direction vector to 3D features is investigated and illustrated via graphs of monte-carlo simulations. At the second part of the work, a scanner sensor system with IR distance finder is designed and constructed. An algorithm was presented to extract planar features from data collected by sensor system. A noise model was proposed for output features of sensor and 4D EKF SLAM algorithm was executed via extracted features of scanner system. By this way, performance of 4D EKF SLAM algorithm is tested with real sensor data and output results are compared with 3D features. So in this work, contribution of using 4D features instead of 3D ones was examined via comparing performance of 3D and 4D algorithms with simulation results and real sensor data.
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Panchal, Dhaval. "Failure and damage progression of 3D woven composite structures subjected to out-of-plane loading." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33284.

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Three-dimensionally woven composites are a relatively new class of material that offer improved out-of-plane performance by including through-the-thickness mechanical reinforcement compared to traditional laminated composite structures. The mechanical properties are highly dependent upon the weave architecture as this dictates the nature of the through the thickness reinforcement and its effect in improving out-of-plane shear strength. A comparison of two testing methods, Short Beam Strength, and Five Point Bending was conducted over a range of span to thickness ratios with the latter found to be more consistent at producing shear failure over a greater range of span to thickness ratios, although evidence of matrix crushing was present in both, and flexural failure in the Short Beam Strength test. Two weave architectures, the orthogonal and angle weave were subjected to the Five Point Bending test and the failure and damage progression behaviour of both weave architectures were characterised using Digital Image Correlation analysis to measure the edge strain through the thickness of the specimens. This testing showed the angle weave architecture had in general a higher failure strength, and more gradual failure due to longer debonding cracks. The orthogonal weave architecture showed a characteristic post-failure response indicative of crack bridging with discrete load recovery and load drop phases. A numerical model developed from previous work builds on the mosaic modelling method and was modified to include cohesive elements in order to simulate interface debonding via the maximum stress criterion. The simulations are consistently 15 20% greater in failure loads, and 8 - 12% greater in failure shear stresses than those found from the averaged experimental results over the range of tested span to thickness ratios. Post failure response was not modelled. The work presented in this thesis is another step towards gaining a thorough understanding of the mechanical properties of 3D woven composite structures, focussing in particular on out of plane shear strength. The modified mosaic modelling method used showed it is effective at modelling the out of plane testing of orthogonal 3D woven composite structures, and offer the potential to predict the failure of larger composite structures of the same construction and 3D woven architecture although developments are still needed in modelling the post failure response.
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Bui, Cao Vu. "Modélisation d'environnements intérieurs par reconstruction 3D en temps réel et extraction de plans architecturaux 2D." Thesis, Troyes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TROY0032.

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Nous explorons le problème de la reconstruction complète d’un environnement intérieur en utilisant des données mixtes issues de la caméra RGB-D (couleur plus profondeur) de faible coût et de la centrale inertielle. Le processus de numérisation est réalisé en temps réel, en déplacement avec 6 degrés de liberté du système de numérisation. Nous nous concentrons sur les systèmes mobiles avec des contraintes informatiques, tels que les smartphones ou les tablettes. Les problèmes problématiques présentent un ensemble de défis fondamentaux : l'estimation du positionnement et de la trajectoire du périphérique lorsqu'il se déplace pendant l'acquisition de l'environnement et l'utilisation de structures de données légères pour stocker la représentation de la scène reconstruite. Le système doit être optimisé et efficace pour la mémoire, de sorte qu'il puisse fonctionner en temps réel, à bord de l'équipement mobile. Nous proposons également une nouvelle méthode de reconstruction de la surface, nommé Dodécaèdre Mapping, une solution de triangulation discrète pour la surface complète de l'environnement intérieur. L’algorithme tente d'approximer le maillage surfacique en déformant et en collant la surface affinée du dodécaèdre sur le nuage de points numérisé. Le dernier module de cette mission de recherche consiste à développer des outils de l'extraction automatique / semi-automatique de plans architecturaux 2D à partir de la reconstruction 3D de la scène scannée. Ce processus d'extraction est possible à partir du nuage de points 3D ou du maillage en définissant un plan de coupe
Scene reconstruction is the process of building an accurate geometric model of one's environment from We explore the problem of complete scene reconstruction in indoor environments using mixed - data from the low-cost RGB-D camera and the inertial unit. The scanning process is realized in real-time, on the move with 6DoF of the numerizing system. We focus on computationally-constrained mobile systems, such as smartphone or tablet devices. Problematic issues present a set of fundamental challenges - estimating the state and trajectory of the device as it moves while scanning environment and utilizing lightweight data structures to hold the representation of the reconstructed scene. The system needs to be computationally and memory-efficient, so that it can run in real time, on-board the mobile device. The point-cloud resulted in the above module, which is non-structured and noisy cause of the quality of the low-cost sensor, needed a new method for the surface reconstruction. Our Dodecahedron Mapping is presented like a triangulation solution for the completed indoor environment scanning. After filtering and smoothing the point cloud, the algorithm tries to approximating the surface mesh by deforming and pasting the dodecahedron surface to the scanned point cloud. And the last stage of this research mission is to developing tools for the automatic extraction of 2D architectural plans from the 3D scanned building scene. This extracting process is also possible from the 3D point cloud or mesh by defining a section plane
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Book chapters on the topic "Plant 3D modeling"

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Liu, Jia, Zhiguo Jiang, Hongjun Li, Weilong Ding, and Xiaopeng Zhang. "3D Plant Modeling Based on BP Neural Network." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 109–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-50544-1_10.

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Nakini, Tushar Kanta Das, and Guilherme N. DeSouza. "Distortion Correction in 3D-Modeling of Root Systems for Plant Phenotyping." In Computer Vision - ECCV 2014 Workshops, 140–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16220-1_11.

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Paviot, Thomas, Virginie Fortineau, Samir Lamouri, and Ludovic Louis-Sidney. "A Modeling Language for 3D Process Plant Layout Representation, Exchange and Visualization." In Product Lifecycle Management. Towards Knowledge-Rich Enterprises, 478–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35758-9_43.

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Santos, Thiago Teixeira, Luciano Vieira Koenigkan, Jayme Garcia Arnal Barbedo, and Gustavo Costa Rodrigues. "3D Plant Modeling: Localization, Mapping and Segmentation for Plant Phenotyping Using a Single Hand-held Camera." In Computer Vision - ECCV 2014 Workshops, 247–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16220-1_18.

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Murcia, Harold, David Sanabria, Dehyro Méndez, and Manuel G. Forero. "A Comparative Study of 3D Plant Modeling Systems Based on Low-Cost 2D LiDAR and Kinect." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 272–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77004-4_26.

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Lewis, P. "3D Canopy Modelling as a Tool in Remote-Sensing Research." In Functional-Structural Plant Modelling in Crop Production, 219–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-6034-3_19.

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Liu, Chuan, Jiaqi Shen, Yue Ren, and Hao Zheng. "Pipes of AI – Machine Learning Assisted 3D Modeling Design." In Proceedings of the 2020 DigitalFUTURES, 17–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4400-6_2.

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AbstractStyle transfer is a design technique that is based on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, which is an innovative way to generate new images with the intervention of style images. The output image will carry the characteristic of style image and maintain the content of the input image. However, the design technique is employed in generating 2D images, which has a limited range in practical use. Thus, the goal of the project is to utilize style transfer as a toolset for architectural design and find out the possibility for a 3D modeling design. To implement style transfer into the research, floor plans of different heights are selected from a given design boundary and set as the content images, while a framework of a truss structure is set as the style image. Transferred images are obtained after processing the style transfer neural network, then the geometric images are translated into floor plans for new structure design. After the selection of the tilt angle and the degree of density, vertical components that connecting two adjacent layers are generated to be the pillars of the structure. At this stage, 2D style transferred images are successfully transformed into 3D geometries, which can be applied to the architectural design processes. Generally speaking, style transfer is an intelligent design tool that provides architects with a variety of choices of idea-generating. It has the potential to inspire architects at an early stage of design with not only 2D but also 3D format.
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Swaileh, Wassim, Michel Jordan, and Dimitris Kotzinos. "3D Modelling Approach for Ancient Floor Plans’ Quick Browsing." In Document Analysis Systems, 629–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06555-2_42.

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Bolognesi, Cecilia Maria, Eva-Lotta Kurkinen, and Per Andersson. "Digital Tools for Fast Mapping of Buildings." In Innovative Tools and Methods Using BIM for an Efficient Renovation in Buildings, 51–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04670-4_4.

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AbstractWhile the construction sector embraces digitalization, new technologies related to it are spreading benefits. The need of creating a 3D model of a building, a digital copy of something existing, is not new. Mediated by the advent of photographic and laser instrumentation, the construction of a digital model has crossed the fields of surveying with increasing accuracy and precision, imposing standards of capturing the existing first and modelling then ever higher. But while the Building Information Modelling allows a virtual representation of the existing asset enriching its geometry with precious and significant information related to its properties, advanced survey has always faced the impossibility to break the surface of the building, surveying what is inside walls, thus excluding what necessary should be contained within a BIM model. Also, BIM models do not consider the real-time component and do not report the real-time behaviour of the building. In this chapter we will investigate several technologies and instruments exploited till now for the surveying and positioning of existing buildings, plants included, and a new toolkit based on AR that, coupled with sensors and visualisation tools developed by BIM4EEB, offers many advantages when surveying the whole building.
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Armand, Patrick, and Christophe Duchenne. "3D Multi-scale Weather and Dispersion Models Applied to Assess the Impact of Industrial Plants on Human Health and the Environment." In Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXVIII, 51–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12786-1_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Plant 3D modeling"

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Long, Jie, and Michael D. Jones. "3D tree modeling using motion capture." In 2012 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pma.2012.6524841.

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Guo, Jianwei, Zhanglin Cheng, Shibiao Xu, and Xiaopeng Zhang. "Realistic procedural plant modeling guided by 3D point cloud." In SIGGRAPH '17: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3102163.3102193.

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Garcia, Manuel F., Diego Mendez, and Julian D. Colorado. "Fusion of Low-Density LiDAR Data with RGB Images for Plant 3D Modeling." In 2020 Virtual Symposium in Plant Omics Sciences (OMICAS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/omicas52284.2020.9535650.

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Weilong Ding, Zhijun Cheng, and Yuping Zhang. "A new parametric method for modeling 3D structure of plant." In 2008 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcica.2008.4593745.

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Murcia, Harold F., David A. Sanabria, Dehyro-Mendez, and Manuel G. Forero. "Development of a Simulation Tool for 3D Plant Modeling based on 2D LiDAR Sensor." In 2020 Virtual Symposium in Plant Omics Sciences (OMICAS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/omicas52284.2020.9535651.

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Jaeger, M., S. Sabatier, P. Borianne, P. de Reffye, Y. Gang, V. Letort, X. P. Zhang, and M. Z. Kang. "Data visualization for vegetal landscapes: Building 3D representations of organ biomass compartments: How plant production could constrain 3D lollypop-like representations." In 2018 6th International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pma.2018.8611608.

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Wu, Zhongke, Mingquan Zhou, Xingce Wang, Xuefeng Ao, and Rongqing Song. "An Interactive System of Modeling 3D Trees with Ball B-Spline Curves." In 2006 International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pma.2006.38.

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Lei, Hongyun, Chengda Lin, Ruifang Zhai, and Yidan Yao. "Research on rapeseed plant modeling and optimization from 3D point cloud." In 2015 Fourth International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics.2015.7248128.

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Danjon, Fr, David H. Barker, Michael Drexhage, and Alexia Stokes. "Analysis of 3D Structural Root Architecture Data of Trees Grown on Slopes." In 2006 International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pma.2006.54.

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Tang, Yige, Zhongke Wu, and Mingquan Zhou. "Sketching 3D Plant Based on Ball B-Spline Curves and L-system." In 2009 Third International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pma.2009.41.

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Reports on the topic "Plant 3D modeling"

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Nathan V. Hoffer, Piyush Sabharwall, and Nolan A. Anderson. Modeling a Helical-coil Steam Generator in RELAP5-3D for the Next Generation Nuclear Plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1004263.

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Tuller, Markus, Asher Bar-Tal, Hadar Heller, and Michal Amichai. Optimization of advanced greenhouse substrates based on physicochemical characterization, numerical simulations, and tomato growth experiments. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600009.bard.

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Over the last decade there has been a dramatic shift in global agricultural practice. The increase in human population, especially in underdeveloped arid and semiarid regions of the world, poses unprecedented challenges to production of an adequate and economically feasible food supply to undernourished populations. Furthermore, the increased living standard in many industrial countries has created a strong demand for high-quality, out-of-season vegetables and fruits as well as for ornamentals such as cut and potted flowers and bedding plants. As a response to these imminent challenges and demands and because of a ban on methyl bromide fumigation of horticultural field soils, soilless greenhouse production systems are regaining increased worldwide attention. Though there is considerable recent empirical and theoretical research devoted to specific issues related to control and management of soilless culture production systems, a comprehensive approach that quantitatively considers all relevant physicochemical processes within the growth substrates is lacking. Moreover, it is common practice to treat soilless growth systems as static, ignoring dynamic changes of important physicochemical and hydraulic properties due to root and microbial growth that require adaptation of management practices throughout the growth period. To overcome these shortcomings, the objectives of this project were to apply thorough physicochemical characterization of commonly used greenhouse substrates in conjunction with state-of-the-art numerical modeling (HYDRUS-3D, PARSWMS) to not only optimize management practices (i.e., irrigation frequency and rates, fertigation, container size and geometry, etc.), but to also “engineer” optimal substrates by mixing organic (e.g., coconut coir) and inorganic (e.g., perlite, pumice, etc.) base substrates and modifying relevant parameters such as the particle (aggregate) size distribution. To evaluate the proposed approach under commercial production conditions, characterization and modeling efforts were accompanied by greenhouse experiments with tomatoes. The project not only yielded novel insights regarding favorable physicochemical properties of advanced greenhouse substrates, but also provided critically needed tools for control and management of containerized soilless production systems to provide a stress-free rhizosphere environment for optimal yields, while conserving valuable production resources. Numerical modeling results provided a more scientifically sound basis for the design of commercial greenhouse production trials and selection of adequate plant-specific substrates, thereby alleviating the risk of costly mistrials.
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Hordiienko, Valentyna V., Galyna V. Marchuk, Tetiana A. Vakaliuk, and Andrey V. Pikilnyak. Development of a model of the solar system in AR and 3D. [б. в.], November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4410.

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In this paper, the possibilities of using augmented reality technology are analyzed and the software model of the solar system model is created. The analysis of the available software products modeling the solar system is carried out. The developed software application demonstrates the behavior of solar system objects in detail with augmented reality technology. In addition to the interactive 3D model, you can explore each planet visually as well as informatively – by reading the description of each object, its main characteristics, and interesting facts. The model has two main views: Augmented Reality and 3D. Real-world object parameters were used to create the 3D models, using the basic ones – the correct proportions in the size and velocity of the objects and the shapes and distances between the orbits of the celestial bodies.
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Jindal, Ashish, Christopher Moore, Andrew Fierro, and Matthew Hopkins. Full 3D Kinetic Modeling and Quantification of Positive Streamer Evolution in an Azimuthally Swept Pin-to-Plane Wedge Geometry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1888448.

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Modeling a Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger with RELAP5-3D for the Next Generation Nuclear Plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1004237.

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