Relevant bibliographies by topics / Planck units

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Planck units'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Planck units"

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Flowers, Jeff L., and Brian W. Petley. "Planck, units, and modern metrology." Annalen der Physik 17, no. 2-3 (February 22, 2008): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.200710277.

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Kirakosyan, Khachatur A. "To the Content of Planck Units." Theoretical Physics 3, no. 2 (June 8, 2018): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22606/tp.2018.32002.

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Bunker, P. R., Ian M. Mills, and Per Jensen. "The Planck constant and its units." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 237 (November 2019): 106594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2019.106594.

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Sharupov, Oleg. "PLANCK UNITS AND EXTENDED SPECIAL RELATIVITY." Respublica literaria, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.47850/s.2020.1.18.

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The Planck length is an object of the relativistic quantum-gravitational theory, therefore, a more general and consistent direction of the special relativity extension, seems to be the use of the postulate of the relativistically invariant and limiting nature of all Planck units, that was introduced by V.V. Korukhov at the end of the 90s. One of the examples of the implementation of this postulate in its methodological meaning is the model of a vacuum-like medium, the physical properties of which are characterized by relativistically invariant values, which qualita-tively distinguishes it from the known types of matter –matter and field.
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Min, Brian B. K. "The photon element units and their relativistic properties." Physics Essays 33, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-33.1.38.

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A set of natural units is determined from the “photon element” model of light, the outcome of an extended Compton analysis. In terms of these units, the speed of light and the electrical and Boltzmann constants are, respectively, on the order of unity, but the Planck constant is ∼1027 or greater and gravitational constant ∼10−59 or greater. This makes the photon element units less convenient than the Planck units. With the mass unit that is only ∼10−43 of the Planck mass, however, the photon element units can correspond better to physical realities than the Planck units. For the spacetime, a photon element forms a set of unit base vectors, a natural basis that is Lorentz covariant. There an analysis shows that (1) of the above five universal constants all are Lorentz invariants except the gravitational constant, and (2) of the five natural units (time, length, mass, electrical charge, and temperature,) only the electrical charge is a Lorentz invariant.
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Stock, M. "The watt balance: determination of the Planck constant and redefinition of the kilogram." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 369, no. 1953 (October 28, 2011): 3936–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2011.0184.

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Since 1889, the international prototype of the kilogram has served as the definition of the unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI). It is the last material artefact to define a base unit of the SI, and it influences several other base units. This situation is no longer acceptable in a time of ever-increasing measurement precision. It is therefore planned to redefine the unit of mass by fixing the numerical value of the Planck constant. At the same time three other base units, the ampere, the kelvin and the mole, will be redefined. As a first step, the kilogram redefinition requires a highly accurate determination of the Planck constant in the present SI system, with a relative uncertainty of the order of 1 part in 10 8 . The most promising experiment for this purpose, and for the future realization of the kilogram, is the watt balance. It compares mechanical and electrical power and makes use of two macroscopic quantum effects, thus creating a relationship between a macroscopic mass and the Planck constant. In this paper, the operating principle of watt balance experiments is explained and the existing experiments are reviewed. An overview is given of all available experimental determinations of the Planck constant, and it is shown that further investigation is needed before the redefinition of the kilogram can take place. Independent of this requirement, a consensus has been reached on the form that future definitions of the SI base units will take.
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Iorio, Lorenzo. "Perspectives on Constraining a Cosmological Constant-Type Parameter with Pulsar Timing in the Galactic Center." Universe 4, no. 4 (March 26, 2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe4040059.

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Independent tests aiming to constrain the value of the cosmological constant Λ are usually difficult because of its extreme smallness ( Λ ≃ 1 × 10 - 52 m - 2 , or 2 . 89 × 10 - 122 in Planck units ) . Bounds on it from Solar System orbital motions determined with spacecraft tracking are currently at the ≃ 10 - 43 – 10 - 44 m - 2 ( 5 – 1 × 10 - 113 in Planck units ) level, but they may turn out to be optimistic since Λ has not yet been explicitly modeled in the planetary data reductions. Accurate ( σ τ p ≃ 1 – 10 μ s ) timing of expected pulsars orbiting the Black Hole at the Galactic Center, preferably along highly eccentric and wide orbits, might, at least in principle, improve the planetary constraints by several orders of magnitude. By looking at the average time shift per orbit Δ δ τ ¯ p Λ , an S2-like orbital configuration with e = 0 . 8839 , P b = 16 yr would permit a preliminarily upper bound of the order of Λ ≲ 9 × 10 - 47 m - 2 ≲ 2 × 10 - 116 in Planck units if only σ τ p were to be considered. Our results can be easily extended to modified models of gravity using Λ -type parameters.
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SINGH, T. P. "NONCOMMUTATIVE GRAVITY, A "NO STRINGS ATTACHED" QUANTUM–CLASSICAL DUALITY, AND THE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT PUZZLE." International Journal of Modern Physics D 17, no. 13n14 (December 2008): 2593–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271808014126.

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There ought to exist a reformulation of quantum mechanics which does not refer to an external classical space–time manifold. Such a reformulation can be achieved using the language of noncommutative differential geometry. A consequence which follows is that the "weakly quantum, strongly gravitational" dynamics of a relativistic particle whose mass is much greater than the Planck mass is dual to the "strongly quantum, weakly gravitational" dynamics of another particle whose mass is much less than the Planck mass. The masses of the two particles are inversely related to each other, and the product of their masses is equal to the square of the Planck mass. This duality explains the observed value of the cosmological constant, and also why this value is nonzero but extremely small in Planck units.
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Wang, Xijia. "New Discovery on Planck Units and Physical Dimension in Cosmic Continuum Theory." Journal of Modern Physics 09, no. 14 (2018): 2391–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2018.914153.

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KISELEV, V. V., and S. A. TIMOFEEV. "THE SURFACE DENSITY OF HOLOGRAPHIC ENTROPY." Modern Physics Letters A 25, no. 26 (August 30, 2010): 2223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732310033608.

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On the basis of postulates for the holographic description of gravity and the introduction of entropic force, for static sources we derive the universal law: the entropy of a holographic screen is equal to quarter of its area in the Planck system of units.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Planck units"

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Reichelt, Uwe J. M. "The physical meaning of the fine structure constants." Uwe J. M. Reichelt, 2021. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A75202.

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The article solves the riddle of the fine structure constants with the help of the Planck units, derives its physical meaning and shows the consequences.:Abstract Introduction What is the fine structure constant? Consequence from the existence of the fine structure constant.
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BARLOW, NADINE GAIL. "RELATIVE AGES AND THE GEOLOGIC EVOLUTION OF MARTIAN TERRAIN UNITS (MARS, CRATERS)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184013.

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Existing martian relative age chronologies rely entirely or predominantly on Mariner 9 images, extrapolated numbers of craters, and craters 500(DEGREES)K) for the planet are consistent with the derived chronology.
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Guerra, Huaman Moises Daniel. "Hardy-space Function Theory on Finitely Connected Planar Domains." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31827.

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Hardy space scalar theory on the disk is now classical. Some extensions have been done, one of them is the approach done by Donald Sarason using Laurent series. We present the more complicated function theory, without the use of either power series or Laurent series, for finitely-connected planar domains.
Master of Science
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Sheblé, Gerald B. "Unit commitment for operations." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49977.

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The topic of unit commitment has been and continues to be of interest to many researchers and is a primary operation for most utilities. Past research has utilized integer programming, dynamic programming, linear programming, gradient, and heuristic techniques. This research combines both linear programming and dynamic programming for unit commitment decisions within a weekly time frame. The result provides most of the advantages of linear programming and dynamic programming with less stringent requirements on the pre solution information needed for unit transition sequences. Further, the research yields a new tool for the solution of the Transaction Evaluation problem.
Ph. D.
incomplete_metadata
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Bergdahl, Jan. "Burning mouth, oral lichenoid reactions and symptoms related to electricity or visual display units a psychological and clinical study /." Umeå, Sweden : Dept. of Oral Pathology and Psychiatry, Umeå University, 1995. http://books.google.com/books?id=EPFpAAAAMAAJ.

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Fluri, Thomas Peter. "Turbine layout for and optimization of solar chimney power conversion units." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4402.

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Thesis (PhD (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The power conversion unit of a large solar chimney power plant converts the fluid power, first into mechanical power, and then into electrical power. In this dissertation a tool is developed to determine the layout and the number of turbines of the solar chimney power conversion unit providing the lowest cost of electricity. First, the history of the solar chimney concept and the related fields of research are presented. Potential features and configurations of the power conversion unit are introduced, and it is shown how the solar chimney power conversion unit compares to those of other applications. An outline of the dissertation is given, and its potential impact is discussed. An analytical turbine model is developed. Several modelling approaches and the performance of single rotor and counter rotating turbine layouts are compared. Preliminary turbine designs are investigated, experimentally and numerically. The main aim of the experimental investigation is to verify the applicability of the loss model used in the analytical turbine model. The aim of the numerical investigation is to evaluate a commercial software package as a tool in context with solar chimney turbines. For each component of the power conversion unit an analytical performance model is introduced. Using these models, the single vertical axis, multiple vertical axis and multiple horizontal axis turbine configurations are compared from an efficiency and energy yield point of view, and the impact of the various losses on the overall performance is highlighted. A detailed cost model for the power conversion unit is also presented. To optimize for cost of electricity this cost model is then linked to the performance models, and the resulting optimization scheme is applied to several plant configurations. It is shown that for a large solar chimney power plant the power conversion unit providing minimal cost of electricity consists of multiple horizontal axis turbines using a single rotor layout including inlet guide vanes.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die drywingsomsettingseenheid van ’n groot sonskoorsteenaanleg sit die vloeidrywing om, eers in meganiese drywing en dan in elektriese drywing. In hierdie proefskrif word ’n gereedskapstuk ontwikkel om die uitleg en aantal turbines van die sonskoorsteen-drywingsomsettingseenheid te bepaal wat die laagste koste van elektrisiteit lewer. Eerstens word die geskiedenis van die sonskoorsteen en verwante navorsingsvelde behandel. Moontlike eienskappe en konfigurasies vir die drywingsomsettingseenheid word voorgestel, en daar word aangetoon hoe die sonskoorsteendrywingsomsettings- eenheid vergelyk met ander toepassings. ’n Raamwerk van die proefskrif word gegee, en die potensiële trefkrag daarvan word bespreek. ’n Analitiese turbine-model word ontwikkel. Verskeie nabootsingsbenaderings en die vertoning van ’n enkelrotor en teenroterende turbine-uitlegte word vergelyk. Voorlopige turbine-ontwerpe word ondersoek, eksperimenteel en numeries. Die hoofdoel van die eksperimentele ondersoek is om die toepaslikheid van die verliesmodel in die analitiese turbine-model te bevestig. Die doel van die numeriese ondersoek is om kommersiële sagteware op te weeg as ’n gereedskapstuk in die konteks van sonskoorsteenturbines. Vir elke onderdeel van die drywingsomsettingseenheid word ’n analitiese model voorgestel. Met gebruik van hierdie modelle word die enkele vertikale-as, die veelvoudige vertikale-as an die veelvoudige horisontale-as turbinekonfigurasies vergelyk vanuit ’n benuttingsgraad- en energie-opbrengsoogpunt,en die uitwerking van die verskillende verliese op die algehele gedrag word uitgewys. ’n Kostemodel in besonderhede word vir die drywingsomsettingseenheid aangebied. Om vir die koste van elektrisiteit te optimeer word hierdie kostemodel dan gekoppel aan die vertoningsmodelle, en die gevolglike optimeringskema word toegepas op verskeie aanlegkonfigurasies. Daar word aangetoon dat vir ’n groot sonskoorsteenaanleg die drywingsomsettingseenheid wat die minimumkoste van elektrisiteit gee, bestaan uit veelvoudige horisontale-as turbines met enkelrotoruitleg en inlaatleilemme.
Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies
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Price, Jamie H., Aimee Govett, Misty Davis, Robyn Ivester, Teresa Howard, and Lisa Messimer. "PBL Meets PBL: Project-Based Learning Meets Planet-Based Learning." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6025.

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Project-based learning (PBL) is centred on a challenging, yet meaningful, driving question and culminates in a product that students create or do to showcase their learning to a public audience. Other essential elements of a true PBL experience include: sustained inquiry, authentic tasks, opportunities for students to make decisions about their culminating product, reflection, critique, and revision (Hallermann, Larmer, & Mergendoller, 2011). A well-designed PBL combines curriculum and instructional activities to cultivate 21st century skills in students to prepare them for future success in the workforce. Two teams of Year five teachers designed a week-long PBL unit for students organised around the characteristics of the planets, which integrated science, mathematics, and English. The teachers implemented the PBL with six classes of Year five students, documenting their thoughts on planning and implementation to reflect upon the experience.
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Jonter, Thomas. "Socialiseringen som kom av sig : Sverige, oljan och USA:s planer på en ny ekonomisk världsordning 1945-1949 /." Stockholm : Carlssons, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37023153b.

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Akademisk avhandling--Uppsala Universitet, 1978.
Mention parallèle de titre ou de responsabilité : Socialization derailed : Sweden, oil and the USA's plansfor a new world order, 1945-1949 / Thomas Jonter. Contient un résumé en anglais. Notes bibliogr. en bas de page. Bibliogr. p. 189-198.
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Gaugris, Jerome Yves. "The impacts of herbivores and humans on the utilisation of woody resources in conserved versus non-conserved land in Maputaland, northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25278.

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This study presents an exploration of the structure, dynamics and utilisation of woody plants in vegetation units of northern Maputaland. Animal (in Tembe Elephant Park) and human (in the rural community of Manqakulane) utilisation of woody plants were compared against a control area (Tshanini Community Conservation Area) where animals were extirpated and people were precluded through tribal rules. The tree assemblages of the unique Sand Forest were explored, and compared with previous studies. A new classification was proposed and a new subcommunity was established. Contrary to previous studies, a gradient from Short to Intermediate to Tall Sand Forest was defined, and it was suggested that structurally different Sand Forest subcommunities represent a mosaic of different evolutionary states, rather than stationary states as perceived currently. Animal utilisation appeared to have transformed Sand Forest in conserved land to such an extent that it no longer resembled Sand Forest outside conserved areas. The structure of Sand Forest and woodlands of the region was evaluated at the vegetation unit level (21 vegetation units), through a size and height class distribution analysis of woody plants. Humans and animals had clearly modified the woodlands and appeared to force succession from closed woodland to open woodland. The Sand Forest appeared to benefit from low intensity animal utilisation, with increased diversity, and possibly enhanced dynamics. However, signs that current animal utilisation have negative effects were perceived. The size class distribution of Sand Forest and woodland woody species was presented and an analysis of species grain was performed. The grain concept was successfully applied to woodland species for the first time. It appeared that nearly all vegetation units were fine-grained, and therefore governed by small-scale dynamics. Frequent small disturbances are necessary to maintain diversity. There was cause for concern that current animal and human utilisation threaten such fine-scale dynamics. The utilisation level by the browsing mammals guild in Tembe Elephant Park and by small browsers and people in Manqakulane Rural Community were evaluated over two periods. Small to medium browsers utilised more woody species and height classes than any other agent, but with short-term effects. However, utilisation marks linked to elephants and people were accumulating significantly, and the long-term effects of these agents were threatening the dynamics of Maputaland vegetation. The case of woody species utilisation by elephants was evaluated further and compared with a previous study. Overall utilisation by elephants reached 100% of individuals for several woody species, while other species’ regeneration potential was severely threatened. Woody species preferred in 1994 were nearly extirpated. Utilisation of woody species by elephants throughout Tembe Elephant Park appeared correlated with distance to permanent water points during a dry spell. In conclusion, it appeared clear that policies in favour of high animal numbers in formally conserved areas were not suited for northern Maputaland and this result should be considered when the expansion of the South African protected areas of Maputaland into Mozambique becomes effective. Community-based conservation appeared promising, but novel ways of generating income should be investigated.
Thesis (PhD (Wildlife Management))--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Animal and Wildlife Sciences
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Mwinga, Makani. "Design and development of a fuel cell power supply unit." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2524.

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Thesis (MTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.
Fuel cell (FC) technology is one of the most sought-after renewable energy technology. However, the output voltage of FC stacks is inherently unstable; as such, it is of little or no use for most power supply applications. In addition to the unstable output voltage, FC stacks are susceptible to high current ripple, which can reduce the system’s life expectancy. The work carried out in order to stabilise the output voltage, and to reduce the current ripple of FC stacks involves a review of some existing converter topologies used for power conditioning units (PCUs), modelling, design, control and simulation of different converter topologies and the experiment of the prototype circuit for the interleaved boost voltage multiplier (IBVM) converter topology. In the process to stabilise the stack output voltage and to reduce the stack output current ripple, it is also required to improve the system response to load changes. This work presents results that show that system works, with the voltage stabilised, the stack output current ripple reduced and the response time reduced. A relative evaluation of the dynamic behaviour of four converter topologies in power conditioning units is carried out, and these are the isolated current-fed full-bridge (ICFFB) converter, the boost converter, the sepic converter and the IBVM converter. The simulation results of the four topologies show that the output voltage of a PEMFC stack was stabilised, and that the IBVM topology is a better topology compared to the others, especially when it comes to reducing the stack current ripple.
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Books on the topic "Planck units"

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Thompson, Warren. F-117 stealth fighter units of Operation Desert Storm. Oxford [England]: Osprey Pub., 2007.

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Multiplicity in unity: Plant subindividual variation and interactions with animals. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2009.

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Ann, Stein, O'Connor Don, and Instructional Fair (Firm), eds. Plant kingdom: Whole language theme unit. Grand Rapids, MI: Instructional Fair/TS Denison, 1991.

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Brookes, Andrew J. Vulcan units of the Cold War. Oxford: Osprey Pub., 2009.

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Vulcan units of the Cold War. Oxford: Osprey Pub., 2009.

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Brookes, Andrew J. Vulcan units of the Cold War. Oxford: Osprey Pub., 2009.

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Brookes, Andrew J. Vulcan units of the Cold War. Oxford: Osprey Pub., 2009.

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Brookes, Andrew J. Vulcan units of the Cold War. Oxford: Osprey Pub., 2009.

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Burgess, Richard R. AD Skyraider units of the Korean War. Oxford, UK: New York, NY, 2016.

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Public Service Commission of Wisconsin. WPS Weston unit 4 power plant. Madison, Wis: Public Service Commission of Wisconsin, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Planck units"

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Bangsow, Steffen. "Mobile Units." In Manufacturing Simulation with Plant Simulation and SimTalk, 139–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05074-9_7.

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Goddek, Simon, Alyssa Joyce, Sven Wuertz, Oliver Körner, Ingo Bläser, Michael Reuter, and Karel J. Keesman. "Decoupled Aquaponics Systems." In Aquaponics Food Production Systems, 201–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15943-6_8.

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AbstractTraditional aquaponics systems were arranged in a single process loop that directs nutrient-rich water from fish to the plants and back. Given the differing specific nutrient and environmental requirements of plants and fish, such systems presented a compromise to the ideal conditions for rearing of both, thus reducing the efficiency and productivity of such coupled systems. More recently, designs that allow for decoupling of units provide for a more finely tuned regulation of the process water in each of the respective units while also allowing for better recycling of nutrients from sludge. Suspended solids from the fish (e.g. faeces and uneaten feed) need to be removed from the process water before water can be directed to plants in order to prevent clogging of hydroponic systems, a step that represents a significant loss of total nutrients, most importantly phosphorus. The reuse of sludge and mobilization of nutrients contained within that sludge present a number of engineering challenges that, if addressed creatively, can dramatically increase the efficiency and sustainability of aquaponics systems. One solution is to separate, or when there are pathogens or production problems, to isolate components of the system, thus maximizing overall control and efficiency of each component, while reducing compromises between the conditions and species-specific requirements of each subsystem. Another potential innovation that is made possible by the decoupling of units involves introducing additional loops wherein bioreactors can be used to treat sludge. An additional distillation loop can ensure increased nutrient concentrations to the hydroponics unit while, at the same time, reducing adverse effects on fish health from high nutrient levels in the RAS unit. Several studies have documented the aerobic and anaerobic digestion performance of bioreactors for treating sludge, but the benefits of the digestate on plant growth are not well-researched. Both remineralization and distillation components consequently have a high unexplored potential to improve decoupled aquaponics systems.
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Durner, Edward F. "The completely random design." In Applied plant science experimental design and statistical analysis using the SAS® OnDemand for Academics, 47–55. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249927.0006.

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Abstract The completely random design (CRD) is the simplest experimental design available. The treatments are applied to the experimental units randomly and every experimental unit has an equal chance of receiving any treatment assignment. This chapter focuses on CRD, providing the effect of fall nitrogen application on the yield of spring-bearing strawberries as an example.
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Kapur, Anu. "Names of the subnational units." In Mapping Place Names of India, 51–77. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2019.: Routledge India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429057687-3.

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Schweingruber, Fritz H., and Annett Börner. "Stem anatomical structures of major taxonomic units." In The Plant Stem, 81–120. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73524-5_7.

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Sung, Kelvin, and Gregory Smith. "Vector Cross Products and 2D Planes." In Basic Math for Game Development with Unity 3D, 281–362. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-5443-1_6.

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Malpas, Jeff. "Unity, locality, and agency." In Place and Experience, 102–18. Second edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315265445-5.

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Catusse, Nicolas, Victor Chepoi, and Yann Vaxès. "Planar Hop Spanners for Unit Disk Graphs." In Algorithms for Sensor Systems, 16–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16988-5_2.

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Malpas, Jeff. "The unity and complexity of place." In Place and Experience, 161–78. Second edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315265445-8.

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Brandt, E. Vincent, Riaan Bekker, and Daneel Ferreira. "Structure and Absolute Configuration of Biflavonoids with Benzofuranoid Constituent Units." In Plant Polyphenols 2, 245–58. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4139-4_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Planck units"

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LAWRENCE, MICHAEL. "Eliminating the Gravitational Constant, G, and Improving SI Units, Using Two New Planck-Unit Frameworks With All Parameters as Ratios of Only H, C, and a." In Proceedings of the 8th Symposium Honoring Mathematical Physicist Jean-Pierre Vigier. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814504782_0006.

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Nogami, S., N. Ando, Y. Noguchi, K. Takahashi, T. Iwamiya, and Y. Hattori. "Trial Operations of Unit No. 1 Group 690 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant of Shin-Oita Power Station." In ASME 1992 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/92-gt-354.

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Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc., in constructing the recently completed first phase of the No. 1 Group of Shin-Oita Power Plant, Oita Prefecture (Kyushu Island), achieved further improvements over previous combined cycle plants, especially in the area of plant overall operation. It is composed of six combined cycle power units of the single-shaft, non-reheat type, based on Hitachi-GE MS7001E gas turbines, with a total output of 690 MW. Trial operations of the first unit began in May, 1990. Commercial operations of the first unit began in November 1990, and the last unit in June, 1991. The NO.1 Group incorporates two major advances over previous combined cycle plants. The first advance is a two-stage multiple nozzle dry-type low-NOx combustor. This combustor is a new development for keeping the level of NOx emissions below 62.5 ppm (16% O2 at gas turbine exhaust). The second advance is a new functionally and hierarchically distributed digital control system. By the control system, the plant was designed to bring the following notable features: 1 The individual units can be started and stopped automatically from the load dispatching directive center at the head office. 2 The plant can be operated for high efficiency with short starting and stopping time and large load variations. 3 Plant operating characteristics for emergency operations can be improved remarkably, for instance, load run back operations and fast cut back operation, etc. The results of trial operations have shown that the output per unit is about 0.5 to 4.2% higher, and the unit efficiency about 1.9 to 3.7% higher, than the planned values (all percentages relative), and tangible improvements and starting characteristics and load fluctuation are also satisfactory with the specified target values in the overall operation of the plant over that of previous combined cycle power plants. This plant has satisfactorily been operated since the start of commercial operation.
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Harrop, Grenville, and Bill P. Poirier. "Construction of Westinghouse AP1000™ Nuclear Power Plants in China." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-30077.

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In July 2007, China entered a new era of sustainable, safe, and ecologically sound energy development by committing to build four AP1000™ units to be constructed in pairs at the coastal sites of Sanmen (Zhejiang Province) and Haiyang (Shandong Province). Both sites have the planned ability to accommodate at least six AP1000 units. The Westinghouse AP1000 is the only Generation III+ reactor to receive design certification from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). With a design that is based on the proven performance of Westinghouse-designed pressurized water reactors (PWRs), the AP1000 is an advanced 1100 megawatt (MW) plant that uses the forces of nature and simplicity of design to enhance plant safety and operations. Excavation commenced for the first of four China AP1000 units in February 2008, and placement of the basemat concrete for Sanmen Unit 1 was completed on schedule in March 2009. This was soon followed by the placement of the first major structural module; the auxiliary building. As part of localization and the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) desire for self-reliance, a China-based module factory is constructing the major modules and manufacturing the containment vessel plates. The fabrication and welding of the containment vessel bottom head for Sanmen Unit 1 is now complete. The 2010 milestones for Sanmen Unit 1 include the setting of major modules such as the reactor vessel cavity, the steam generator, and refueling canal modules, plus containment vessel rings 1, 2, 3, and 4. All major equipment orders have been placed and the first deliveries are beginning to arrive. The technology transfer is also well underway. The Haiyang Unit 1 basemat was placed on schedule in September 2009 and Sanmen Unit 2 Nuclear Island (NI) concrete basemat placement was completed a month earlier than the milestone date of January 2010. Sanmen Unit 1 will be fully operational in November 2013 followed by Haiyang Unit 1 in May 2014. Operational dates for Sanmen Unit 2 and Haiyang Unit 2 are September 2014 and March 2015, respectively. As one of the world’s largest consumers of energy, China’s path in achieving sustainable energy has profound global economic and environmental consequences. The contract with the Westinghouse and Shaw Consortium for four AP1000 units is the largest of its type between the People’s Republic of China and the United States.
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Kemp, Petrus D., and Chris Nieuwoudt. "Operation and Control of the PBMR Demonstration Power Plant." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89359.

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A large interest in High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors (HTGR) has been shown in recent years. HTGR power plants show a number of advantages over existing technology including improved safety, modular design and high temperatures for process heat applications. HTGR plants with closed loop direct cycle power conversion units have unique transient responses which is different from existing nuclear plants as well as conventional non-nuclear power plants. The operation and control for a HTGR power plant therefore poses new and different challenges. This paper describes the modes of operation for the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) demonstration plant. The PBMR demonstration plant is an advanced helium-cooled, graphite-moderated HTGR consisting of a closed loop direct cycle power conversion unit. The use of transient analysis simulation makes it possible to develop effective control strategies and design controllers for use in the power conversion unit as well as the reactor. In addition to plant controllers the operator tasks and operational technical specifications can be developed and evaluated making use of transient analysis simulation of the plant together with the control system. The main challenges in the operation and control of the reactor and power conversion unit are highlighted with simulation results. Control strategies in different operating regions are shown and results for the power conversion unit start-up transition and the loss of the grid connection during power operation are presented.
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Young, Garry G. "U.S. License Renewal and Long Term Operation in the 2010’s." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-26046.

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As of February 2010, the NRC has renewed the operating licenses for 59 nuclear units, which will allow for up to 60 years of safe nuclear plant operation. In addition, the NRC has license renewal applications under review for 19 units and nuclear plant owners of more than 18 units have announced plans to submit license renewal applications over the next few years. This brings the total of renewed licenses and announced plans for license renewal to over 90% of the 104 currently operating nuclear units in the U.S. This paper presents some of the factors that have made the U.S. license renewal process so successful and how these same factors will be important for the second round of license renewal, which is expected to begin in the mid-2010’s. These long term operation factors include (1) the successful regulatory process and on-going continuous improvement of that process, (2) long-term safe plant operation, (3) stable low-cost generation of electricity, (4) high levels of sustained plant reliability, and (5) strong public opinion favorable to nuclear power plants.
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Ghezel-Ayagh, Hossein, Anthony J. Leo, Hans Maru, and Mohammad Farooque. "Overview of Direct Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology and Products Development." In ASME 2003 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2003-1697.

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Significant progress has been made in development of power generation products based on carbonate fuel cells. Carbonate fuel cell systems provide high efficiency and ultra-clean power generation from a variety of gaseous, liquid, and solid carbonaceous fuels. The high operating temperature of 650 °C in carbonate fuel cell allows significant system simplification by integrating the internal reforming feature into the fuel cell stack as well as use of the byproduct heat in an efficient bottoming cycle. Direct FuelCell® (DFC®) is a unique version of the carbonate fuel cell, which generates electricity directly from a hydrocarbon fuel by reforming the fuel inside the fuel cell and producing hydrogen. The direct reforming concept eliminates the need for an external reformer resulting in power plants with reduced capital cost. This feature also allows the DFC power plants to utilize the existing fuel distribution infrastructure. The first generation of products offered by FuelCell Energy (FCE) range from 250kW to 2MW and is suitable to operate on natural gas, digester gas and other fuels. Presently, a fleet of natural gas fueled units is operating in the US and Europe at customers’ sites. Additionally, there are subsequent power plants planned to operate on a variety of fuels, including coal-bed methane, digester gas, and coal-derived gas. A 2 MW fuel cell power plant (DFC3000) will soon be operating with coal gas in Wabash River, Indiana’s coal gasification plant. The field tests of a 1 MW unit (DFC1500) at King County (Seattle, WA) waste treatment will be demonstrating the unique features of the DFC technology with digester gas as a fuel. There are plans to operate a 250 kW (DFC300) unit on coal-bed methane fields in Cadiz, Ohio. FCE is also developing a 500 kW unit for the US NAVY, operating on marine distillate fuels. FCE is also developing fuel cell/turbine ultra-high efficiency hybrid power plants with efficiencies approaching 75%. In the Direct FuelCell/Turbine® (DFC/T®) power cycle, the fuel cell is integrated with an indirectly heated gas turbine. FCE has recently completed the operation of a ‘proof-of-concept’ system that combined a sub-megawatt DFC with a 30-kilowatt microturbine. The proof-of-concept tests demonstrated that the DFC/T hybrid concept, indeed, has the potential for achieving higher efficiencies than the single cycle fuel cell. The demonstration of two, packaged sub-megawatt DFC/T units, one in Danbury and one at a customer site in Montana, is planned. In addition to pioneering the Direct FuelCell technology, FCE has established a strong manufacturing base. Currently the manufacturing facility at Torrington, CT, has the equipment in place to produce 50 MW per year of fuel cells. FCE has also established commercial distribution alliances with electric power equipment sales and service companies, energy service and solution providers, and specialty application developers for marketing DFC products. The operation of FCE’s power plants at customer sites, continuing efforts in technology improvement, and the favorable reception of the customers for DFC-based units, combined with a network of partners for sales and services, are the key factors for market penetration of DFC products.
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Negri di Montenegro, G., R. Bettocchi, G. Cantore, and G. Naldi. "Performance Levels Obtainable From Steam-Gas Turbine Combined Cycles." In ASME 1988 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/88-gt-48.

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This study aims at the evaluation of the best performance obtainable from steam-gas turbine combined plants both in a new plant design and in improving existing steam plants by adding a topping gas turbine system. A method of comparison is presented here, based on the choice of a steam-gas reference cycle which has shown to be particularly suitable for a general study. A thermodynamic analysis has been carried out showing the influence on the combined plant overall efficiency of the parameters characterizing both the gas and steam cycles. The reference cycle as well as those derivable from it by modifying the gas portion cycle only has been studied. The analysis was also extended to evaluation of the gas to steam units output power ratio and of the efficiency increase when repowering a steam unit. It has been shown that the combined cycle plants maximum overall-efficiency is achieved, whatever the steam cycle, when the gas turbine cycle operates at maximum specific work. The result is that the best performance in combined cycle plants is achived by using multiple expansion with reheating in the gas cycle, when designing a new plant. When steam plants are to be repowered by means of existing gas turbine units, afterburning may be useful to improve performance.
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Young, Garry G. "License Renewal and Subsequent License Renewal in the U.S." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28224.

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As of February 2014, the NRC has renewed the operating licenses for 73 nuclear units, allowing for up to 60 years of safe operation. In addition, the NRC has license renewal applications under review for 18 units and 9 additional units have announced plans to submit applications over the next few years [1]. This brings the total of renewed licenses and plans for renewal to 100% of the operating nuclear units in the U.S. By the end of 2014, there will be 38 nuclear plants that will have operated for more than 40 years and will be eligible to seek a subsequent license renewal (or almost 40% of the nuclear units expected to be operating at the end of 2014). In 2013, nuclear plant owners of 5 units shutdown operation or announced plans to shutdown by the end of 2014. However, most of the remaining operating plant owners are keeping the option open for long term operation beyond 60 years. NRC and the U.S. nuclear industry have made significant progress in preparing the way for subsequent license renewal applications. This paper presents the status of the U.S. license renewal process and issues being addressed for possible applications for subsequent renewals for up to 80 years of operation.
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Ayodhi, Nynar, and Y. Radhakrishnamurthy. "Upgrade and Life Extension of 4 × 110 MW Units: A Case Study." In ASME 2004 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2004-52062.

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Achieving rated capacity and economical operation of existing thermal power plants are vital issues for utilities. Plants nearing their design life are likely to show declining trend in availability as well as increasing trend in operation and maintenance costs due to ageing. Constraints in system adequacy, decreasing trend in efficiency and poor reliability are key issues to be addressed while planning life extension. 4×110 MW power plant located in southern part of India has been taken up for renovation and modernization. Pressure parts failures mainly accounted for the reduced availability of the units. The exit gas temperature in boiler was on the higher side leading to operation of the units with reduced efficiency. Change in fuel quality over the years as compared to what has been considered during design was a constraint in achieving rated capacity. The poor heat rate of turbine necessitated incorporation of the state-of-art design to achieve better heat rate. Improvements required in control and instrumentation system were also addressed in the renovation and modernization. Improvements in plant load factor, availability and unit heat rate could be achieved in the two units where renovation and modernization has been completed. The details of the renovation and modernization of these units are discussed in this paper.
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Liu, Heng, Yue Chen, Fuping Li, Hui Liu, and Shunlong Yang. "The Chemistry Experience Summary During the Engineering Commissioning Period of Fujian Ningde Nuclear Power Plant." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67040.

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In chemical researchers view, hot functional test is a verification of the Nuclear Power Plant before first fuel loading and commercial operation, which is the preparation for staffs, documents, instruments and sampling systems. So, chemistry department should use its own language, knowledge and experience to express their thoughts and what they have seen during the engineering commissioning period. As the first commercial operation nuclear power plant after Fukushima nuclear accident, during the four units commissioning period, chemical researchers accumulated a lot of good experience and feedbacks in the aspect of construction and commissioning for new nuclear power plant. For example, in order to ensure the personnel skill level, we must make special plans which include staff training, laboratory construction, instrument and on-line system commissioning, and all of these should be timely adjusted and changed in order to be consistent with the engineering progress. In order to ensure the water quality of pipe flushing in different stages, such as cold functional test, hot functional test, we should set a strictly water chemical standard which based on the HAF103, and the standard should have some differences in different stage for one unit. In order to ensure the water chemistry in good performance especially after the unit going into commercial operation, the maintenance plan for equipment and system must be formulated, and then, a detailed monitoring plan must be executed. At the same time, a strict system flushing controlling mode can also provide a great benefits for water chemistry quality, especially in the period of start-up. In addition to these above experiences, chemistry researchers of Ningde nuclear power plant also accumulated a lot of good practices and feedbacks about dealing with some abnormal water quality activities, which can’t be founded in commercial operation unit. For example, the aluminum (Al) content in the primary increased rapidly and beyond the specification limits in hot functional test and so on. This article will share the good practices and feedbacks of the first phase of Fujian Ningde nuclear power plant. We hope these good practices and experience feedbacks can provide good reference for the other new nuclear plants in the stage of design, construction, operation and maintenance in the future.
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Reports on the topic "Planck units"

1

Fan, Jianhua, Zhiyong Tian, Simon Furbo, Weiqiang Kong, and Daniel Tschopp. Simulation and design of collector array units within large systems. IEA SHC Task 55, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task55-2019-0004.

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Solar radiation data is necessary for the design of solar heating systems and used to estimate the thermal performance of solar heating plants. Compared to global irradiance, the direct beam component shows much more variability in space and time. The global radiation split into beam and diffuse radiation on collector plane is important for the evaluation of the performance of different collector types and collector field designs.
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Beam, T. G. B Plant complex treatment, storage, and disposal units inspection plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10103122.

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Beam, T. G. B Plant treatment, storage, and disposal (TSD) units inspection plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10148275.

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4

Hedayat, A. S., C. R. Rao, and J. Stufken. Sampling Plans Excluding Contiguous Units. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada174528.

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Kong, Weiqiang, Simon Furbo, and Jianhua Fan. Simulation and design of collector array units within large systems. IEA SHC Task 55, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task55-2019-0005.

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Solar collectors are the core components of solar district heating plants. Annual solar heat yield of solar heating plants on average is around 400-500 kWh/m2 in Denmark. Most solar collectors in the large solar district heating plants in Denmark are ground-mounted flat plate collectors. Arcon-Sunmark A/S is the main manufacturer of the large flat plate collectors for district heating in Denmark. Arcon-Sunmark A/S has installed more than 80% of the world’s large solar heating plants connected to district heating networks.
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Fan, Jianhua, Weiqiang Kong, and Simon Furbo. Simulation and design of collector array units within large systems. IEA SHC Task 55, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task55-2019-0006.

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By the end of 2017, solar heating plants with a total surface of more than 1.3 million m2 were in operation in Denmark. Most solar collectors in the existing solar heating plants are typically flat plate collectors (FPC).
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ENTROP, G. E. Plutonium Finishing Plant Treatment and Storage Unit Dangerous Waste Training Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803937.

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8

Lamaison, Nicolas. ENRSIM Software. IEA SHC Task 55, February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task55-2020-0003.

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Due to their ability to distribute large amounts of renewable energy, District Heating Networks (DHN) are expected to exhibit a considerable development in the coming years. The ENRSIM software, cofounded by the French Renewable Energy Agency (ADEME), aims at providing a simple tool to size DHN production plants with renewable production units and storage.
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Young, Craig. Problematic plant monitoring in Arkansas Post National Memorial: 2006–2019. Edited by Tani Hubbard. National Park Service, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286657.

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Managers are challenged with the impact of problematic plants, including exotic, invasive, and pest plant species. Information on the cover, distribution, and location of these plants is essential for developing risk-based approaches to managing these species. Based on surveys conducted in 2006, 2011, 2015, and 2019, Heartland Network staff and contractors identified a cumulative total of 28 potentially problematic plant taxa in Arkansas Post National Memorial. Of the 23 species found in 2019, we characterized 9 as very low frequency, 7 as low frequency, 5 as medium frequency, and 2 as high frequency. Cover of all species was low with a single species slightly exceeding a 1-acre threshold based on a midpoint estimate. Efforts to control the woody invasive black locust, Chinese privet, and hardy orange appear to have successfully reduced the cover of these plants across the Memorial Unit. Japanese stiltgrass may have been increasing as recently as 2015, but a combination of recent flooding and control efforts may have stemmed the spread of this invasive grass. Efforts to control localized patches of Chinaberry tree also appear to have reduced the cover of this species. Outside of the problematic species currently subject
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10

Washington TRU Solutions LLC. WIPP Facility Work Plan for Solid Waste Management Units. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/924487.

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