Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Placental proteins'
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Bojja, Aruna Sri. "Functional characterization of placental cathepsins." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 81 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1885754561&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textEdwards, H. C. "Ca'2'+-sensitive proteins of the human placental microvillar cytoskeleton." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304146.
Full textSealey, Amy Lynn. "Loss of the murine TATA-binding protein N terminus leads to placental labyrinth defects but not maternal adaptive immune responses." Thesis, Montana State University, 2007. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2007/sealey/SealeyA0507.pdf.
Full textSterle, Jodi A. "Effect of recombinant porcine somatotropin (rpST) on placental and fetal growth in gilts /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9901288.
Full textHassanein, Mohamed. "Biochemical and functional characterization of a novel placental protease, cathepsin P, in rat trophoblasts." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 148 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1654487491&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textBasir, Ghazala Sikandar. "Fetoplacental circulation and the role of IGF-1 in placental remodelling by apoptosis and proliferation in diabetic pregnancies." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30496457.
Full textAna, Jakovljević. "Prognostički značaj laboratorijskih pokazatelja uteroplacentalne cirkulacije kod trudnica sa hipertenzijom i preeklampsijom." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2016. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=101331&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are a heterogeneous group of diseases that occur in 3-8% of all pregnancies. The most difficult forms of these diseases: preeclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP syndrome are the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in relation to all other pregnancy complications. Etiopathogenesis of these diseases is still insufficiently understood but it is thought that the placenta plays a key role in the development of these complications, and that placental insufficiency, which occurs as a result of insufficient adaptation of decidual intramiometrial and parts of the spiral arteries in the first few weeks of pregnancy, leading to a reduction of utero- placental circulation and local placental hypoxia, which adversely affects the mother and the fetus. In order to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and to find sufficiently sensitive makers for early prediction of the most severe forms of these diseases, so far have been investigated a number of proteins involved in the processes of creation and development of placental vascular network such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms-like receptor tyrosine kinase receptor (sFlt-1). OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare serum concentration of sFlt-1, PlGF, VEGF-A, PAPP-A, freeßhCG, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apo-AI, apo B, AST, ALT, GGT, creatinine, urea, uric acid, hsCRP, Na, K, Cl, P, Mg and Ca between the group of pregnant women with preeclampsia, chronic and gestational hypertension and the control group of pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy between 11 and 14 weeks gestation. Also the aim was to examine whether the value of selected laboratory parameters (sFlt-1, VEGF-A and PlGF) differ in relation to gestational week at the time of birth, weight, length and APGAR scoring system of newborns. The aim was to examine whether the value of angiogenic proteins: sFlt-1, VEGF-A and PlGF differ significantly in relation to the number of previous pregnancies and age of the pregnant woman. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted as a prospective analytical study in the Clinical Center of Vojvodina, in the period from June 2012 to February 2015. The study included a total of 143 pregnant women aged 18 - 43 years. All pregnant women included in the study were divided into two study and one control group. The first study group consisted of 43 pregnant women who developed preeclampsia during the current pregnancy. The second study group consisted of 46 pregnant women who are newly diagnosed or confirmed chronic or gestational hypertension during the current pregnancy. The control group consisted of 54 healthy pregnant women with verified physiological outcome of pregnancy at term without maternal and fetal complications. Patients were included in the study between 11 + 0 and 13 + 6 weeks of gestation. All patients had data about risk factors for developing hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. After clinical and obstetric examination all patients underwent anthropometric measurements, measurement of blood pressure, and specialized ultrasound examination to determine precise gestational age of the fetus and to determine the risk for fetal chromosomal abnormalities. All patients signed a written consent of the patient's voluntary participation in the study. Serum levels of sFlt1, VEGF-A and PlGF were determined by quantitative ELISA (R & D Systems Europe Ltd., Abingdon, UK), while glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apo-AI, apo B, AST, ALT, GGT, creatinine, urea, uric acid, hsCRP, Na, K, Cl, P, Mg, Ca were determined on automated analyzer systems. All pregnant women were categorized into 2 study and a control group on the basis of presence of hypertensive disorders in the current pregnancy. Statistical analysis was performed in 12 statistical program STATISTICA (StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA). The data are presented in tables and graphs, the level of significance p is interpreted statistically significant if the p value was less than <0.05. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of sFlt-1 are statistically significantly different in all study groups and significantly higher in the groups with hypertensive disorders compared to healthy subjects p <0.001. Serum levels of VEGF-A are significantly lower in the preeclampsia group compared to healthy control group (p <0.001), while the levels of serum concentration of PlGF statistically significantly different between all groups so that the lowest values are observed in the preeclampsia group (p <0.001) compared to the other two study groups. There is no statistically significant differences in the levels of PAPP-A, biochemical parameters (glucose, AST, ALT, GGT creatinine, urea, uric acid), lipid parameters (total cholesterol, LDL, apo AI, apo B), inflammatory parameters (complete blood count, fibrinogen), hemostatic (D-dimer, vWF-antigen) and electrolyte status (Na, K, Cl, P, Mg, Ca), p> 0.05. Levels of free ßhCG and HDL cholesterol levels are significantly lower, while the value of hsCRP and triglycerides significantly higher in the group of women with preeclampsia compared to the healthy control group. Serum concentrations of sFlt-1 over 865 pg/ml have a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 81.5% in predicting preeclampsia, while serum PlGF concentration below 60 pg/ml, a sensitivity of 88.4% and a specificity of 79.6% in predicting preeclampsia. Serum concentrations of sFlt-1, VEGF-A and PlGF do not show a statistically significant difference compared to the age of pregnant women and the number of previous pregnancies p> 0.05. Serum concentrations of sFlt-1 and PlGF are significantly different in relation to the weight of the newborn, so that the lower values of both proteins are in the group of infants with birth weight below 1500 gr. in relation to the body weight between 2800-3300 gr., p <0.001. There is also lower concentrations of sFlt-1 and PlGF in a group with deliveries before 33 weeks of gestation compared to the deliveries after 37 week of gestation, p <0.001. Serum concentrations of sFlt-1 and PlGF are significantly different in relation to the mother's body mass index so that the lower values of sFlt-1 and PlGF are in the group of women with a body mass index below 25 in relation to a group with a body mass index over 30 kg/m2, p <0.001. Serum concentrations of sFlt-1 in the first trimester of pregnancy were significantly associated with the parameters of inflammation (hsCRP), diastolic blood pressure and levels of free ßhCG. It is also observed a significant correlation between PlGF with a body mass index, systolic blood pressure and hsCRP concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy. CONCLUSION: The levels of anti-angiogenic protein sFlt-1 are higher in the group of pregnant women with preeclampsia than in the group with chronic and gestational hypertension and the control healthy group. Levels of proangiogenic VEGF-A protein are significantly lower in the preeclampsia group and group with gestational and chronic hypertension compared to the control group. Serum levels of proangiogenic PlGF protein are significantly lower in the preeclampsia group than in the group with chronic and gestational hypertension and the control group. Serum concentrations of placental protein free ßhCG and HDL cholesterol are significantly lower, while the value of hsCRP and triglycerides significantly higher in the preeclampsia group compared to the control group. Among pregnant women with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and healthy pregnant women there are no significant differences in the values of placental PAPP-A protein, biochemical parameters (glucose, AST, ALT, GGT creatinine, urea, uric acid), lipid parameters (total cholesterol, LDL, apo AI, apo B), inflammatory parameters (complete blood count, fibrinogen), hemostatic (D-dimer, vWF-antigen) and electrolyte status (Na, K, Cl, P, Mg, Ca). Serum concentrations of sFlt-1 and PlGF are significantly different in relation to gestational age at delivery and newborn body weight and are lower in group with preterm delivery and newborns with lower birth weight. Serum concentrations of sFlt-1 are significantly different compared to body length and Apgar score, so that the higher values of sFlt-1 are associated with better outcome of newborns (greater body length and better APGAR score). Serum concentrations of sFlt-1, VEGF-A and PlGF are not different significantly with respect to age of pregnancy and the number of previous pregnancies. The levels of sFlt-1 and PlGF represents helpful markers in prediction of preeclampsia in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Rankin, Jonathan. "Exploring the Effect of Maternal Physical Activity and Placental Region on Mitochondrial Protein Content and Function in the Placenta." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39339.
Full textCosta, Rafaela Alkmin da. "Dosagem seriada dos fatores reguladores de angiogênese soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) e placental growth factor (PIGF) para predição de pré-eclâmpsia e pré-eclâmpsia superajuntada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-12012015-144329/.
Full textDespite being a major public health problem, the pathophysiology of preeclampsia is incompletely understood. Preeclampsia progression comprises a pre-clinical stage and a clinical stage. During the last decade much work has focused on identifying the pre-clinical stage of preeclampsia. Many researchers have clearly demonstrated an anti-angiogenic imbalance that is marked by higher levels of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and lower levels of placental growth factor (PlGF) in the subjects who develop preeclampsia compared with those who do not. Although a growing number of studies in the high-risk population have shown the role of these biomarkers in diagnosing preeclampsia, superimposed preeclampsia, which can be a challenging diagnosis, remains partially understudied and the literature regarding this subject continues to be relatively scarce as well as controversial. By this study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of serial measurements of maternal circulating sFlt-1 and PlGF levels for the prediction of superimposed preeclampsia in chronic hypertensive subjects and to compare it to the prediction of preeclampsia in normotensive control subjects. For this purpose, we evaluated a two-armed prospective cohort of women with normotensive and chronic hypertensive pregnancies and assessed the serum levels of sFlt-1 and PlGF and the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio at gestational ages of 20, 26, 32 and 36 weeks, having preeclampsia as the primary outcome to be predicted. A total of 97 women were followed-up, 37 in the normotensive group and 60 in the chronic hypertensive group. Among them, 4 (10.8%) women developed preeclampsia and 14 (23.3%) developed superimposed preeclampsia. For predicting preeclampsia, PlGF at 20 gestational weeks presented an AUC=0.83 (CI 95% = 0.68 - 0.99, P=0.035) and the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio at 26 gestational weeks presented an AUC=0.92 (CI95% = 0.81 - 1.00, P=0.007). The percent change of the PlGF levels between 26 and 32 gestational weeks presented an AUC=0.96 (CI 95% = 0.89 - 1.00, P=0.003). For predicting superimposed preeclampsia, the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio at 32 gestational weeks presented an AUC=0.69 (CI 95% = 0.53 - 0.85, P=0.039). Between 20 and 26 gestational weeks, the percent change of PlGF and the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio presented, respectively, an AUC=0.74 (CI 95% = 0.58 - 0.90, P=0.018) and an AUC=0.71 (CI 95% = 0.52 - 0.91, P=0.034). By our results, we concluded that, although the PlGF level and the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio present good performances in the prediction of preeclampsia, caution is required when using them for the prediction of superimposed preeclampsia. Sequential assessments slightly improve the test performances for predicting superimposed preeclampsia at earlier gestational ages
Rao, M. Rekha. "Functional Differentiation Of The Human Placenta : Insights From The Expression Of Two Developmentally - Regulated Genes." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/177.
Full textHorie, Kiyoshige. "Expression of c-kit Protein during Placental Development." Kyoto University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/168859.
Full textKyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(医学)
甲第5666号
医博第1553号
新制||医||582(附属図書館)
UT51-94-J98
京都大学大学院医学研究科外科系専攻
(主査)教授 西川 伸一, 教授 藤田 潤, 教授 森 崇英
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Leavenworth, Jonathan Dean. "Investigations of cellular stress-responsive proteins and PGF gene expression in human trophoblast." OpenSIUC, 2009. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/296.
Full textBenner, Gretchen E. (Gretchen Evonne). "Mechanism of Activation by Autophosphorylation of an S6/H4 Kinase Isolated From Human Placenta." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332785/.
Full textPockley, Alan G. "An investigation into the immunomodulatory activities of human placental protein 14 (PP14)." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1988. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20238/.
Full textMonteiro, Janaína Munuera. "Imunolocalização das Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) 60 e 70 na placenta bovina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-27062006-105146/.
Full textHeat Shock Proteins (HSP) can be found in any kind of cell. These proteins are classified according to their molecular weight and their known families include the HSP 27, 60, 70, 90 and 110 kDa. Among these, HSP 60 and 70 are the ones of interest in reproduction. They were known as chaperonines because of their capacity to fold and unfold other proteins into the cell, without changing their own conformation. They are expressed during several stress conditions likes virus and bacteria infections, hormones, heat, cellular differentiation, etc, and also take part signalizing for innate and acquired immune responses. Heat shock proteins are expressed in several tissues and organs, including the placenta. In this study we have evaluated the expression of these proteins in the bovine placenta, using thirty samples from different animais with distinct gestational periods, fixed in 10% formalin and processed for immunohistochemistry. The same numbers of samples were processed for immunoelectron microscopy using freeze-substitution and post embedding labeling techniques. The immunohistochemistry results show the expression of HSP 60 and 70 in trophoblasts, maternal epithelia and binucleated cells. The HSP 60 expression was higher in the beginning of gestation, becoming lower during the second and third trimester. Heat shock protein 70 expression were practically constant throughout the gestation. The immunoelectron microscopy analysis revealed that both HSP 60 and 70 were located in the cytoplasm and nucleio binucleated cells and maternal epithelia from the beginning to the end of pregnancy. The immunolocalization of HSP 60 and 70 in the bovine placenta were distinct from the ones found in studies on women, probably due to the differences of the placentation type and to the fact that those samples were collected from abnormal or discontinuous pregnancy. Beef production in Brazil is an important economical activity and studies to improve the bovine reproductive characteristics are necessary and must be expended, therefore our results certainly contributes for further studies on HSP function during pregnancy in this species.
Lekatz, Leslie Ann. "The Role of Maternal Protein Intake During Late Gestation on Placental Vascular Function." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27116.
Full textGulati, Abhishek. "FACTORS INFLUENCING PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF LOPINAVIR: BINDING, UPTAKE AND EFFLUX." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1852.
Full textHewitt, Damien Phillip. "Impact of glucocorticoids on placental growth and vascularisation." University of Western Australia. School of Anatomy and Human Biology, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0195.
Full textChien, Fan Wui. "A study of maternal and fetal amino acid metabolism and protein turnover during normal pregnancy." Thesis, University of Dundee, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323646.
Full textDennis, Patrick B. (Patrick Brian). "Autophosphorylation and Autoactivation of an S6/H4 Kinase Isolated From Human Placenta." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279364/.
Full textRobineau-Charette, Pascale. "Function and Dysfunction of Fibrinogen-Like Protein 2 in Reproductive Success and Preeclampsia." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41999.
Full textWilliams, James M. A. "Studies on the transport of calcium across the dually perfused lobule of the human term placenta." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387461.
Full textDalton, Caroline Frances. "An investigation into placental protein 14, a modulator of the immune response associated with human reproduction." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1994. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19530/.
Full textKACEMI, ABDELKRIM. "Caracterisation des proteines contractiles et culture des cellules des microvaisseaux ftaux du placenta humain." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066632.
Full textCampbell, Fiona M. "Long-chain fatty acid transport by the human placenta : the role of fatty acid-binding proteins." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363738.
Full textKaihola, Helena. "The Effects of SSRI Treatment on Human Placenta and Embryo." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-248527.
Full textWhite, Lloyd. "Characterisation of caspase- 14 in the human placenta : evidence for trophoblast-specific inhibition of differentiation by caspase- 14." University of Western Australia. School of Anatomy and Human Biology, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0160.
Full textBebington, Catherine. "Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins in the uterus and placenta of the human and non-human primate." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312211.
Full textYeboah, Dorothy. "Expression and regulation of Breast Cancer Resistance Protein in the human placenta and fetal membranes." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27942.
Full textHobbs, Nicole Kay. "Mid-and late-gestation lethality in mice lacking the N terminus of TATA-binding protein." Diss., Montana State University, 2004. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2004/hobbs/HobbsN1204.pdf.
Full textFunk, Mathis. "Identification et caractérisation de deux nouveaux gènes d'enveloppes rétrovirales de type syncytine, capturés pour un possible rôle dans la structure atypique du placenta de hyène et l'émergence du placenta non-mammifère des lézards Mabuya." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS106/document.
Full textSyncytins are captured retroviral envelope genes (env) that are essential for the establishment of placental structures in mammals. The syncytins present in different mammalian families are highly diverse, resulting from distinct capture events, and it has been suggested that this might play a role in making the placenta the most diverse structure in mammals. Here we used two different approaches to investigate the links between env capture and emergence and diversity of placental structures. First, we investigated placentation in Hyaenidae, the only carnivorans that present a highly invasive hemochorial placenta, as is also found in humans. Hyenas express the previously identified syncytin-Car1 gene, as do all carnivorans, but we identified a new hyena-specific captured env that we named Hyena-Env2. This new gene is present at the same locus in all hyenas, having been captured during the radiation of this family. It is non-fusiogenic but still conserved over at least 10 million years of evolution and expressed at the materno-fetal interface in the hyena placenta, making it a candidate gene for explaining the endotheliochorial to hemochorial placental transition that occurred in Hyeanidae. Second, we searched for syncytin-like genes in the non-mammalian Mabuya lizards, which are viviparous and present a rare type of highly complex placenta that is very reminiscent of mammalian placentas. We identified an env gene that was captured and conserved in this genus since its radiation 25 million years ago. This gene, that we named syncytin-Mab1, is able to mediate cell-cell fusion in vitro and is expressed in a fused cell layer at the materno-fetal interface of the placenta in vivo, characteristic features of canonical mammalian syncytin genes. We also identified the cellular gene MPZL1 as the cognate receptor of syncytin-Mab1 and showed that their interaction induces activation and phosphorylation of the former. MPZL1 activation has been linked with cell migration and invasion, indicating that this env-receptor interaction could play a role in the placental invasion of maternal tissues observed in Mabuya. In conclusion, the characterization of these two novel env genes indicates that syncytin-like env might have played a role both in the emergence of the Mabuya placenta and the atypical placental structure of hyenas, reinforcing the notion that env capture is a major driving force in evolution
Anandavijayan, Sothinathan. "Purification and characterisation of serum retinol binding proteins and the transport of Vitamin A across the human placenta." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394651.
Full textCanfield, John. "Investigating the Role of the RNA Binding Protein LIN28 in the Human Placenta: Implications for Preeclampsia." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7483.
Full textElboury-Elouardirhi, Houria. "Étude sur les régulations, par des protéines non histones de l'expression du gène de l'hPL dans le placenta humain." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10264.
Full textCarey, Erica Ashton Kayleigh. "AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Knockdown in Labyrinthine Trophoblast Cells Results in Altered Morphology and Function." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1377417590.
Full textBarea, Roldán Diana [Verfasser]. "Functional characterization of the placenta specific protein PLAC1 and its use for cancer immunotherapy / Diana Barea Roldán." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1059890631/34.
Full textSantos, Ursula Urias dos. "Análise funcional de CD99 na tumorigênese de astrocitomas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5138/tde-12052015-081611/.
Full textAstrocytomas are the most common type of primary neuroepithelial brain tumour and show great heterogeneity. According to World Health Organization criteria, astrocytomas can be histologically separated into grades I through IV. Pilocytic astrocytomas (grade I) are circumscribed, slow growing tumours with a good prognosis and mainly occur in children or young adults. Low-grade astrocytomas (grade II) show hypercellularity, relatively slow growth, and a propensity to invade surrounding normal brain tissue. Anaplastic astrocytomas (grade III) have increased cellularity, nuclear atypia, and mitotic figures. Glioblastomas (GBMs - grade IV), are the most common malignant and aggressive of all brain malignancies, exhibiting anaplastic, highly proliferative cells, with frequent neoangiogenesis and necrosis. GBM cells can escape complete resectability and are relatively resistant to the available therapies (radiation and chemotherapy). Similar to other cancer types, GBMs demonstrates behaviours that are analogous to trophoblastic cells, suggesting shared pathways to control tumourigenic processes and placental implantation. In both cases, the establishment of an invasive phenotype comprises cellular processes that include increased proliferation, the expression or repression of specific cell adhesion molecules, the production of enzymes that digest the extracellular matrix, the expression of proto-oncogene products, telomerase activation, evasion or edition of the host immune response, and angiogenesis. Based on the shared characteristics of tumour cells and trophoblasts, we searched in silico for genes that are in both placenta and tumour tissues using MPSS and SAGE databases and that could contribute to the establishment and maintenance of a malignant phenotype. Among 12 selected genes, CD99 exhibited the highest relative mRNA expression in GBM compared to non-neoplastic brain tissues. In a larger cohort of astrocytic tumours, we further demonstrated increased CD99 expression in all malignant grades, with GBMs showing the highest values. These findings were confirmed at the protein level by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, we demonstrated the CD99 localisation profile in astrocytic tumours. Interestingly, CD99 expression was confined to the cytoplasm or membrane in more malignant astrocytomas, in contrast to non-neoplastic brain tissue or non-infiltrative pilocytic astrocytoma, which showed no obvious staining in these structures. Comparison of three GBM cell lines revealed higher CD99 expression at the membrane and higher migratory capacity in the A172 and U87MG lines, but lower CD99 expression and no migratory ability in the T98 line. Knocking down CD99 expression by siRNA decreased significantly the migration of both A172 and U87MG cell lines. Additionally, a higher anti-CD99 antibody staining was observed in lamellipodia of U87MG, probably because of actin citoskeletal reorganization. These integrated CD99 gene and protein expression results suggest that CD99 expression in astrocytomas of different malignant grades might contribute to the infiltrative ability and support the importance of CD99 as a potential target to reduce infiltrative astrocytoma capacity in migration and invasion.
Lecarpentier, Edouard. "Etude des flux sanguins dans le placenta humain et influence du shear stress sur la fonction biologique du syncytiotrophoblaste." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB052/document.
Full textHuman placentation is hemomonochorial, maternal blood circulates in direct contact with the syncytiotrophoblast. In the intervillous space, the maternal blood exerts frictional mechanical forces (shear stress) on the microvillous surface of the syncytiotrophoblast. Flowing blood constantly exerts a shear stress, on the endothelial cells lining blood vessel walls, and the endothelial cells respond to shear stress by changing their morphology, function, and gene expression. The effects of shear stress on the human syncytiotrophoblast and its biological functions have never been studied. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine in silico the physiological values of shear stress exerted on human syncytiotrophoblast during normal pregnancies, (2) to develop a model reproducing in vitro the shear stress on human syncytiotrophoblast and (3) to study in vitro the biological response of human syncytiotrophoblast to shear stress. The 2D numerical simulations showed that the shear stress applied to the syncytiotrophoblast is highly heterogeneous in the intervillous space. In spite of high intraplacental maternal blood flow rates (400-600mL.min-1), the estimated average values of shear stress are relatively low (0.5±0.2 to 2.3±1.1 dyn.cm-2). To study the shear stress-induced cellular responses during exposure times ranging from 5 minutes to 24 hours we have developed two dynamic cell culture models adapted to the human syncytiotrophoblast. We found no evidence of decreased cell viability or early processes of apoptosis in dynamic conditions (1 dyn.cm-2, 24h) compared to static conditions. Shear stress (1 dyn.cm-2) triggers intracellular calcium flux, which increases the synthesis and release of PGE2. The enhanced intracellular cAMP in FSS conditions was blocked by COX1/COX2 inhibitors, suggesting that the increase in PGE2 production could activate the cAMP/PKA pathway in an autocrine/paracrine fashion. FSS activates the cAMP/PKA pathway leading to upregulation of PlGF in human STB. Shear stress-induced phosphorylation of CREB and upregulation of PlGF were prevented by inhibition of PKA with H89 (3 μM). The syncytiotrophoblast of the human placenta is a mechanosenstive tissue
Lubina, Solomon Alexandra. "The role of placental alkaline phosphatase in the regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in pregnancy complicated by diabetes." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-placental-alkaline-phosphatase-in-the-regulation-of-insulinlike-growth-factor-binding-protein1-in-pregnancy-complicated-by-diabetes(c906fb09-38d2-4f9b-a391-e24c7e9a539e).html.
Full textRainey, Jenna. "The Regulation of Multidrug Resistance Phosphoglycoprotein (MDR1/P-gp) and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) in the Human Placenta." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19961.
Full textWang, Xiuqiong. "INVESTIGATION OF THE ROLE OF ANNEXIN V IN MOUSE PLACENTA: DEVELOPMENT OF APPROACHES TO EXPLORE THE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF THE PROTIEN." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2000. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ucin968165255.
Full textKällebring, Tina. "THE EXPRESSION OF THROMBOMODULIN, TISSUE FACTOR, TISSUE FACTOR PATHWAY INHIBITOR AND ENDOTHELIAL PROTEIN C RECEPTOR IN NORMAL AND IUGR PLACENTA." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6156.
Full textThe aim of this study was to examine the expression of Thrombomodulin, Tissue Factor, Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor and Endothelial Protein C Receptor in placenta throughout the three phases of the third trimester in the normal placenta and in IUGR placenta from full term.
Twenty-five normal placenta samples and twenty-five IUGR placenta samples were obtained and each sample was stained by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies. Each antibody was optimised for antigen retrieval method and for optimal dilution, before been applied to the test tissue.
The results showed that each of the antibodies mentioned was expressed in normal placenta and in IUGR placenta.
No significant difference could be established concerning the expression of each antibody mentioned between normal and IUGR placenta.
BOURGEOIS, CHRISTELLE. "Expression des endothelines dans le placenta humain. Etude de leurs recepteurs couples aux proteines g dans le muscle lisse des vaisseaux villositaires." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA077176.
Full textDaoud, Georges. "Implication des protéines cytoplasmiques liant les acides gras dans le transport de l'acide linoléique et identification des mécanismes impliqués dans la différenciation des cellules placentaires humaines /." Montréal : Université du Québec à Montréal, 2006. http://accesbib.uqam.ca/cgi-bin/bduqam/transit.pl?&noMan=24634896.
Full textOliveira, André Luiz Malavasi Longo de. "Trombofilias maternas hereditárias com e sem tromboembolismo venoso: resultados maternos e neonatais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-25082010-112901/.
Full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate differences in maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by inherited thrombophilias between patients with and without venous thromboembolism. Despite increasing evidence in the literature indicating an association between inherited thrombophilias and adverse obstetric outcomes, doubts remain whether thrombophilic patients with venous thromboembolism present poorer maternal and neonatal outcomes than thrombophilic patients without venous thromboembolism. In this retrospective, observational and comparative study, 66 pregnant women with inherited thrombophilias, including 33 with venous thromboembolism and 36 without thromboembolism, were investigated. The main end-points analyzed were severe pre-eclampsia, placental abruption, fetal growth restriction, stillbirth, preterm delivery, and maternal hemorrhagic complications. The congenital thrombophilias included in this study were factor V Leiden (FVL), prothrombin G20210A mutation, C677T mutation in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, protein S deficiency, protein C deficiency, and antithrombin deficiency. The two groups were similar in terms of population characteristics. The frequency of maternal and fetal/neonatal complications was similar in the two groups: severe pre-eclampsia (P=0.097), placental abruption (P=0.478), fetal growth restriction (P=0.868), stillbirth (P=0.359), preterm delivery (P=0.441), and maternal hemorrhagic complications (P=0.478). This study concluded that venous thromboembolism in thrombophilic patients does not worsen maternal or neonatal outcomes when compared to thrombophilic patients without venous thromboembolism.
Bobé, Pierre. "La gestation : un modele d'etude de la regulation de la reponse immunitaire." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077192.
Full textGillies, Peter John. "Modulation of dermal microvascular endithelial cell responses to growth factors and haemostatic factors in the presence of vitronectin." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37176/1/Peter_Gillies_Thesis.pdf.
Full text"A study on tumour suppressor gene methylation in placental tissues." 2007. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5893243.
Full textThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-185).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
ABSTRACT --- p.I
摘要 --- p.IV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.VI
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.VII
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.VIII
LIST OF TABLES --- p.XII
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.XIII
Chapter SECTION I: --- BACKGROUND --- p.1
Chapter CHAPTER 1: --- Pseudomalignant nature of the placenta --- p.2
Chapter 1.1 --- Overview --- p.2
Chapter 1.2 --- "Proliferation, migration and invasion behaviour" --- p.3
Chapter 1.3 --- Gene expression --- p.4
Chapter 1.3.1 --- Angiogenic factors --- p.5
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Growth factors --- p.5
Chapter 1.3.3 --- Proto-oncogenes --- p.6
Chapter 1.3.4 --- Tumour suppressor genes --- p.8
Chapter CHAPTER 2: --- Epigenetics --- p.10
Chapter 2.1 --- Overview --- p.10
Chapter 2.2 --- DNA methylation in mammals --- p.11
Chapter 2.3 --- Regulation of DNA methylation machinery --- p.12
Chapter 2.4 --- Role of DNA methylation --- p.13
Chapter 2.5 --- Aberrant DNA methylation --- p.16
Chapter 2.6 --- DNA methylation in normal cells --- p.17
Chapter 2.6.1 --- X-chromosome inactivation --- p.17
Chapter 2.6.2 --- Genomic imprinting --- p.18
Chapter 2.6.3 --- Cell-type-specific methylation --- p.19
Chapter 2.6.4 --- Placental-specific methylation --- p.20
Chapter 2.7 --- Aim of Thesis --- p.21
Chapter SECTION II: --- MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY --- p.23
Chapter CHAPTER 3: --- Materials and methods --- p.24
Chapter 3.1 --- Preparation of samples --- p.24
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Collection of placental tissues --- p.24
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Preparation of blood cells --- p.25
Chapter 3.1.3 --- Preparation of cell lines --- p.25
Chapter 3.1.4 --- Treatment of JAR and JEG3 with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-CdR) and Trichostatin A (TSA) --- p.26
Chapter 3.2 --- Nucleic acid extraction --- p.26
Chapter 3.2.1 --- DNA extraction from tissue samples --- p.26
Chapter 3.2.2 --- DNA extraction from blood cells --- p.29
Chapter 3.2.3 --- RNA extraction from cell lines --- p.30
Chapter 3.3 --- Methylation analysis --- p.31
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Principles of bisulfite modification --- p.31
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Bisulfite Conversion --- p.32
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Primer design for methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction
Chapter 3.3.4 --- Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) --- p.33
Chapter 3.3.5 --- Primer design for bisulfite sequencing --- p.34
Chapter 3.3.6 --- Cloning and bisulfite genomic sequencing --- p.35
Chapter 3.4 --- Quantitative measurements of nucleic acids --- p.39
Chapter 3.4.1 --- Principles of real-time quantitative PCR --- p.39
Chapter 3.4.2 --- Real-time quantitative MSP --- p.42
Chapter 3.4.3 --- Real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR --- p.42
Chapter 3.5 --- MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) --- p.43
Chapter 3.5.1 --- Principle of homogeneous MassEXTEND assay and MALDI-TOF MS --- p.43
Chapter 3.5.2 --- Methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme digestion and homogeneous MassEXTEND assay for APC and H19 --- p.46
Chapter SECTION III: --- A SEARCH FOR HYPERMETHYLATED TUMOUR SUPPRESSOR GENES IN THE HUMAN PLACENTA --- p.48
Chapter CHAPTER 4: --- Screening on TSGs and non TSGs --- p.49
Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.49
Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.50
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Sample collection --- p.50
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Sample processing and DNA extraction --- p.50
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Experimental Design --- p.51
Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.63
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Identification of hypermethylated TSGs by methylation-specific PCR screening --- p.63
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Validation of hypermethylated TSGs by bisulfite sequencing --- p.69
Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.77
Chapter CHAPTER 5: --- Methylation status of TSGs in different tissues --- p.80
Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.80
Chapter 5.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.81
Chapter 5.2.1 --- Sample collection --- p.81
Chapter 5.2.2 --- Sample processing and DNA extraction --- p.81
Chapter 5.2.3 --- Experimental design --- p.81
Chapter 5.3 --- Results --- p.86
Chapter 5.3.1 --- Methylation patterns of TSGs in non-placental fetal tissues --- p.86
Chapter 5.4 --- Discussion --- p.90
Chapter SECTION IV: --- FUNCTIONAL IMPLICATION OF HYPERMETHYLATED TUMOUR SUPPRESSOR GENES IN THE PLACENTA --- p.94
Chapter CHAPTER 6: --- Imprinting checking --- p.95
Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.95
Chapter 6.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.96
Chapter 6.2.1 --- Sample collection --- p.96
Chapter 6.2.2 --- Sample processing and DNA extraction --- p.97
Chapter 6.2.3 --- Experimental design --- p.97
Chapter 6.3 --- Results --- p.100
Chapter 6.3.1 --- Imprinting checking of H19 by enzyme digestion on placental tissues --- p.100
Chapter 6.3.2 --- Imprinting checking of APC by enzyme digestion on placental tissues --- p.101
Chapter CHAPTER 7: --- CORRELATION OF HYPERMETHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION --- p.107
Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.107
Chapter 7.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.108
Chapter 7.2.1 --- Sample preparation and processing --- p.108
Chapter 7.2.2 --- DNA and RNA extraction from cell lines --- p.108
Chapter 7.2.3 --- Experimental design --- p.108
Chapter 7.3 --- Results --- p.111
Chapter 7.3.1 --- Methylation status of APC in choriocarcinoma cell lines --- p.111
Chapter 7.3.2 --- Demethylation of APC in choriocarcinoma cell lines --- p.114
Chapter 7.4 --- Discussion --- p.115
Chapter SECTION V: --- CONSERVATION OF METHYLATION IN PLACENTA ACROSS DIFFERENT SPECIES --- p.118
Chapter CHAPTER 8: --- Methylation analysis of hypermethylated TSG homologues in the placentas of the mouse and rhesus monkey --- p.119
Chapter 8.1 --- Introduction --- p.119
Chapter 8.2 --- Materials and methods --- p.120
Chapter 8.2.1 --- Sample collection --- p.120
Chapter 8.2.2 --- Sample processing and DNA extraction --- p.120
Chapter 8.2.3 --- Experimental design --- p.120
Chapter 8.3 --- Results --- p.124
Chapter 8.3.1 --- Methylation status of TSGs in rhesus monkey and murine placental tissues --- p.124
Chapter 8.4 --- Discussion --- p.136
Chapter SECTION VI: --- CONCLUDING REMARKS --- p.138
Chapter CHAPTER 9: --- Conclusion and future perspectives --- p.139
Chapter 9.1 --- Pseudomalignant nature of placenta at the epigenetic level --- p.139
Chapter 9.2 --- Functional implication of TSG hypermethylation --- p.140
Chapter 9.3 --- Significance of hypermethylated TSGs in the placental evolution --- p.142
Chapter 9.4 --- Clinical implication of TSG hypermethylation --- p.143
Chapter 9.5 --- Future perspectives --- p.145
APPENDIX I COMPLETE BISULFITE SEQUENCING DATA FOR HYPERMETHYLATED TSGS --- p.147
APPENDIX II BISULFITE SEQUENCING DATA FOR PTEN --- p.156
APPENDIX III BISULFITE SEQUENCING DATA OF LOCI NOT SHOWING HYPERMETHYLATION --- p.158
REFERENCES --- p.160
Hansson, Malin. "PLACENTAL EXPRESSION OF SELECTED PROTEINS INPRENATALLY DEPRESSED AND SSRI-TREATED WOMEN." Thesis, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-380389.
Full textChen, Liang-Fu, and 陳亮甫. "Functional analysis of the placental fusogenic proteins,syncytin 1 and syncytin 2." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13749671682706832785.
Full text國立臺灣大學
生化科學研究所
96
Abstract Fusion of cytotrophoblast into the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast layer is essential for the development of a functional placenta. Previous studies of placental development have shown that the envelope protein of a human endogenous retrovirus W (HERV-W), syncytin 1, may mediate placental cell fusion. Recently, the envelope protein of HERV-FRD, syncytin 2, has been identified and shown to be highly expressed in placenta. This implies that syncytin 2 may be involved in placental cell fusion. Our previous studies have demonstrated that the cytoplasmic domain (CTM) of syncytin 1 inhibits its fusogenic activity. In this study, we first tested whether the CTM of syncytin 2 regulates its fusogenic activity. We found that the CTM of syncytin 2 is required for its fusogenic activity. We further studied the biosynthesis of syncytins and demonstrated that Furin is involved in the proteolytic cleavage of syncytin 1 and syncytin 2 by using furin inhibitor and in the Furin-defective human colon carcinoma LoVo cell line. Finally, we studied the role of the disulfide-forming CXXC and CX6CC motifs in syncytins and found that the disulfide linkage between SU and TM subunits is essential for the fusogenic activity of syncytins because mutation in the CXXC motif abolishes the fusogenic activity of syncytins and causes a dominant-negative effect. Overall, this study provides a better understanding of the biology of syncytin 1 and syncytin 2.