Journal articles on the topic 'Place attachment in commercial settings'
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1
Losada-Otálora, Mauricio, and Jose Ribamar Siqueira. "Transformative place management (TPM) in commercial settings and business performance." Journal of Services Marketing 34, no. 7 (October 1, 2020): 889–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-08-2019-0323.
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Purpose This study aims to introduce transformative place management – TPM – (defined as the deliberate efforts of place managers in commercial settings to provide a pool of restorative resources to improve the consumers’ emotional well-being) by merging the REPLACE framework and transformative service research. Additionally, this research analyzes the direct and indirect impacts of restorative resources as a form of TPM on consumers’ emotional well-being and place attachment, considering the moderating role of employee emotional labor. Design/methodology/approach A total of 240 customers were surveyed in an experience-based store in a developing country by using a questionnaire. Then, a moderated mediation model was applied to analyze the moderating role of employee emotional labor in the relationship between TPM and place attachment through consumers’ well-being. Findings TPM that provides restorative resources to consumers influences place attachment by improving consumer well-being. However, surface acting by employees reduces the ability of TPM to increase place attachment through the improvement of consumers’ emotional well-being. Deep acting, on the other hand, does not enhance the effect of TPM on place attachment through consumers’ emotional well-being. Originality/value This paper proposes new developments in the transformative service research (TSR) paradigm by introducing TPM. By showing how the place of consumption increases the well-being of customers, this paper helps TSR researchers to accomplish the purpose of transforming the lives of consumers through relevant research. Although marketing researchers and environmental psychologists have theoretically anticipated the positive effects on well-being from consumption settings, this paper explains how commercial places promote customer well-being through the provision of restorative resources. Also, this paper shows how the place of consumption transforms consumers’' lives and identifies some of the boundary conditions at which such a transformation occurs.
2
LIMA, VITOR MOURA, RAFAEL CUBA MANCEBO, LUÍS ALEXANDRE GRUBITS DE PAULA PESSÔA, and ALESSANDRA DE SÁ MELLO DA COSTA. "Eu, meu lugar e eu mesmo: explorando a ligação entre consumidores e lugares com um tempero do Nordeste brasileiro." Cadernos EBAPE.BR 18, no. 3 (September 20, 2020): 609–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120190151.
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Abstract Consumers, whether more or less consciously, attach their identity to places in order to give meaning to their lives. In this research, we discuss the process by which consumers attach their identity to commercial settings, based on the extended self and place attachment theories. Through observations, in-depth interviews, and discourse analysis, this study explores the bonds people make with a place, taking a Brazilian heritage market as a research context. The findings suggest that the link between consumers’ identities and commercial settings occurs in different forms, based not only on their self-narratives but also on the physical space.
3
Debenedetti, Alain, Harmen Oppewal, and Zeynep Arsel. "Place Attachment in Commercial Settings: A Gift Economy Perspective." Journal of Consumer Research 40, no. 5 (February 1, 2014): 904–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/673469.
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LIMA, VITOR MOURA, RAFAEL CUBA MANCEBO, LUÍS ALEXANDRE GRUBITS DE PAULA PESSÔA, and ALESSANDRA DE SÁ MELLO DA COSTA. "Me, my place, and I: exploring consumer-place attachment in Brazil’s Northeast region." Cadernos EBAPE.BR 18, no. 3 (September 20, 2020): 609–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120190151x.
Abstract:
Abstract Consumers, whether more or less consciously, attach their identity to places in order to give meaning to their lives. In this research, we discuss the process by which consumers attach their identity to commercial settings, based on the extended self and place attachment theories. Through observations, in-depth interviews, and discourse analysis, this study explores the bonds people make with a place, taking a Brazilian heritage market as a research context. The findings suggest that the link between consumers’ identities and commercial settings occurs in different forms, based not only on their self-narratives but also on the physical space.
5
Alexander, Bethan. "Commercial, social and experiential convergence: fashion’s third places." Journal of Services Marketing 33, no. 3 (June 10, 2019): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-04-2018-0116.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the third-place phenomenon, within a fashion context, through the theoretical lens of servicescape and experiential retailing. It identifies third places’ typologies, evolution and adoption and explores the opportunities third places offer to retailers when attempting to connect better with consumers. Design/methodology/approach Taking a qualitative approach, research was conducted using secondary data sources, observation of 98 retail stores and the shopping-with-consumers technique with 42 informants. Manual thematic analysis and magnitude coding was conducted. Findings Third-place fashion practices are prevalent and growing. Their predominant functions include sociability, experiential, restorative and commercial. Variances inherent in third places are expounded and a third-place-dimensions model is proposed. Research limitations/implications Due to the chosen research approach, the results are limited in terms of generalizability to other settings. Several research directions are elucidated, including exploration of fashion third places on consumers’ place attachment within specific sectors; the impact of differing age, gender and geographies on third place meaning; virtual and hybrid forms; retailer motivations; and third-place alliances. Practical implications The preliminary study serves to support managers to understand how consumers perceive and experience the fashion third place and the potential of the third place to enhance consumer engagement. Originality/value The research makes a valuable contribution to the dearth of extant literature on third place within the fashion field. It offers a new theoretical perspective on form, function and benefits of third places as a conduit of social-, experiential-, and commercial-experience consumption.
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Ujang, Norsidah, Marek Kozlowski, and Suhardi Maulan. "Linking place attachment and social interaction: towards meaningful public places." Journal of Place Management and Development 11, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmd-01-2017-0012.
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Purpose A public space is a place of significance when it fulfils the human need for social interaction and attachment. However, the scarcity of public spaces poses a challenge to support socialisation for people within a defined social and cultural group. The purpose of this paper is to explore the association between place attachment and social interaction within public spaces in the city centre of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach Face-to-face interviews with urban users were conducted to examine the users’ engagement in three main public spaces in the city and the significance of these spaces to everyday social interaction. Field observations were carried out to examine patterns of users’ activities and interactions. Findings The authors uncover a lack of multi-functional spaces to support diverse forms of interactions in the city. A street has an important function to generate activities. However, spaces for people to sit and stay remain scarce, and are in most cases consumed by extended commercial use and thus considered private. Opportunities for social interaction are very limited. The significance of the places relates strongly to commercial and tourism functions, and hence place attachment evolves around those activities. Participants associated their familiarity and engagement with interaction between familiar people, close ethnic relationships and business acquaintances. Practical implications The authors argue that more robust and socially responsive public spaces should be reclaimed for the culturally diverse users. Social implications Development of attachment through meaningful spaces for people to stay and interact could enhance the role of public spaces in the city. Originality/value By understanding the social meanings of places, particularly in a multi-cultural setting, a stronger basis for designing and managing urban places towards resiliency and social sustainability can be provided.
7
Ko, Dong-Wan, and Kum-Hee Hwang. "Roles and Effects of Visitors' Place Attachment in Interpretation of Cultural Heritage Tourism." Tourism Sciences Society of Korea 39, no. 2 (March 31, 2015): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17086/jts.2015.39.2.151.166.
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Place attachment is human's strong emotional bond with a specific environmental settings, and there are numerous studies on the topic. The study tested whether place attachment mediates the relationship between interpretation and place satisfaction in cultural heritage tourism. The survey site of Changgyeonggung is UNESCO World Heritage as well as Royal Palace in Korea. The structural equation modeling technique was conducted with the sample of 337 visitors. The three hypotheses and research model which were developed from the previous researches of interpretation and place attachment were supported. The most significant theoretical contribution is that place attachment in settings of cultural heritage tourism lays a mediating role. Therefore, the interpretation in cultural heritage tourism should increase visitor's place attachment then it could encourage visitor's repeat visitation.
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Putra, Ida Bagus Gede Parama. "PLACE ATTACHMENT STUDY IN KUTA BEACH COMMERCIAL CORRIDOR." Journal of Architectural Research and Education 3, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jare.v3i2.37837.
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Kuta Beach has undergone a change in function and a shift in activity which began with the opening of the trading port function to become a popular beach tourism area in Bali. The development of tourism on Kuta beach is currently experiencing a very drastic increase as evidenced by the very rapid development of tourist accommodation and infrastructure arrangement by the government. The increase in the number of hotels, inns and various other types of functions indicates the high interest in investment in the Kuta beach road area. Indirectly, this dynamic changes one's bond in the Kuta Beach corridor. The study of Place attachment in the commercial corridor area of Kuta Beach aims to determine the important factors in the formation of a place's identity, corridor characteristics, visitor preferences, activity studies, and magnetic identification of an area. The research method in place attachment studies in the Kuta beach corridor uses a quantitative approach accompanied by a qualitative descriptive explanation to find out the phenomena and perceptions of visitors. Knowing the important variables and elements in the corridor becomes the focus of the study to obtain data on the level of place attachment that exists in the commercial corridor of Kuta beach. Based on the literature study, the place attachment study is one of the cornerstones in assisting the planning of an area by assessing the level of attachment to a place.
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Wickham, T. D., and D. L. Kerstetter. "The Relationship Between Place Attachment and Crowding in an Event Setting." Event Management 6, no. 3 (March 1, 2000): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/096020197390248.
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Researchers have used the concept of place attachment to better understand people's attachment to recreational settings as well as geographic areas. They also have examined the phenomenon of “crowding” within these same settings and have adopted the notion that crowding is a negative evaluation of population density and has a negative impact on visitors' experiences. What we do not know is whether there is a relationship between individuals' attachment to a place and their perceptions of crowding, especially within the context of a community-focused festival. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between place attachment and visitors' perceptions of crowding at a First Night® event. Data were analyzed using a series of correlations between a place attachment index and six crowding questions. Results indicated that place attachment is positively related to an individual's perception of crowding. As individuals' attachment to their community increases so too do their positive feelings about crowds. These results challenge traditional notions about crowding and provide insight to festival managers interested in enhancing their relationship with the host community.
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Kyle, Gerard, Alan Graefe, and Robert Manning. "Testing the Dimensionality of Place Attachment in Recreational Settings." Environment and Behavior 37, no. 2 (March 2005): 153–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916504269654.
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Kaltenborn, Bjørn P. "Recreation homes in natural settings: factors affecting place attachment." Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography 51, no. 4 (January 1997): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00291959708542842.
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Counted, Victor, and Fraser Watts. "Place Attachment in the Bible: The Role of Attachment to Sacred Places in Religious Life." Journal of Psychology and Theology 45, no. 3 (September 2017): 218–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009164711704500305.
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This paper examines the role of place attachment in religious life by analyzing various significant place events in the Bible, using analysis of biblical discourse. The paper looks at various biblical places, and explores the implications of approaching these sacred settings in terms of place attachment theory. In the Old Testament we focus on Mount Sinai, Canaan, and Jerusalem, and in the New Testament on Galilee, Jerusalem, and on view that Christianity, to some extent, transcends place attachment. The nature of the attachments to these places is diverse and varied. The claim is that place attachment theory can make a valuable theoretical contribution to an analysis of the role of place in the Bible, as an addition to the growing literature on the psychological interpretation of the Bible.
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Baker, Andrew, Martin Tolley, and Kimberley M. Hill. "More than a quick pint: Investigating place attachment to an English recreational setting." Social Psychological Review 18, no. 2 (2016): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsspr.2016.18.2.25.
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This study used Tumanan and Lansangan’s (2012) multi-dimensional methodological framework to examine the emotional attachment to place, as experienced by 263 patrons within 8 English public houses. Findings suggest participants view these types of premises as a ‘third place’, after home and work, and that place attachment is mediated predominantly by social factors. Patrons felt a stronger place attachment to welcoming premises, which promoted a sense of belonging and an inclusive atmosphere. Place attachment was also higher for premises with socialisation opportunities, those visited more frequently and premises in close proximity to home. Findings are discussed in relation to previous research and provide implications for studying these types of complex, recreational settings.
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Morgan, Mark. "Interpretation and Place Attachment: Implications for Cognitive Map Theory." Journal of Interpretation Research 14, no. 1 (April 2009): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109258720901400104.
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Place attachment is a common expression used by individuals to identify with natural settings. Although resource meanings are hard for some people to describe, intangible values can play an important role in site visitation. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of interpretation on place attachment; a relationship that has been speculated, but not tested. A questionnaire was administered to nearly 200 visitors who attended a wild cave tour at a state park in mid-Missouri. Results indicated that the naturalist-led program was successful, but the place attachment scores were similar before and after the tour. However, visitors who attended cave tours frequently scored higher on place attachment than first-timers. Results of this study are discussed in relation to cognitive map theory.
15
Jamali, PhD Student, Mehdi, Ali Nejat, PhD, Renee Hooper, BS Arch Student, Alex Greer, PhD, and Sherri Brokopp Binder, PhD. "Post-disaster place attachment: A qualitative study of place attachment in the wake of the 2013 Moore tornado." Journal of Emergency Management 16, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2018.0379.
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Place attachment is the social, emotional, and functional bond people experience with a specific geographic area. The formation of this bond is based on several different characteristics of the place, such as property values, local relationships, and employment opportunities as well as the internal attributes of a person, such as age, gender, and income. While gaining an understanding of place attachment through these characteristics and attributes is indispensable to our understanding of disaster recovery, few studies have explored this relationship using qualitative methods. Here, the authors address two main questions: how does place attachment vary among different groups of individuals, and what factors contribute to place attachment in a disaster context? This study included a survey of 772 citizens of Moore, Oklahoma, who lived in the path of the May 20, 2013, tornado and decided to rebuild in situ after disaster. The authors explored place attachment using open-response questions probing residents’ perceptions of their place of living. The authors found 18 common codes within their descriptions, in which community (social network), infrastructure, and commercial were the three most commonly cited parameters. Also, comparisons of participants’ groups such as age and income showed that distinguishable parameters have formed post-disaster place attachment within different groups of participants.
16
Xu, Xianfeng, Desheng Xue, and Gengzhi Huang. "The Effects of Residents’ Sense of Place on Their Willingness to Support Urban Renewal: A Case Study of Century-Old East Street Renewal Project in Shaoguan, China." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (January 26, 2022): 1385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031385.
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With the improvement of urbanization in China, urban renewal has become the main way to meet the increasing demand of residents for urban space and facilities. In this context, this study takes “sense of place” as the theoretical starting point, takes Shaoguan Century-old East Street as the case, and constructs a relationship model between local residents’ sense of place and their willingness to support urban business district reconstruction from a multiscale perspective. By introducing community concern as a mediating variable, this study uses a structural equation model to analyze the influence of residents’ sense of place, including place attachment and place identity, on their intention to support commercial district reconstruction. The results show that residents’ sense of place is significantly different on the scales of block, community, and urban area, and the difference is only in place attachment, not in place identity. Second, the enhancement of residents’ sense of place can not only directly strengthen their willingness to support the renovation of commercial areas, but indirectly improve their willingness to support the renovation of urban commercial areas by enhancing their attention to the community. The conclusion of this study is of great significance to promote the regeneration of historical and cultural blocks and the process of urban renewal.
17
Lei, Jun, and Sid Suntrayuth. "A Study on the Impact of Chinese Domestic Tourists’ Participation on Their Post-Travel Behaviors in Traditional Chinese Villages." Heritage 6, no. 7 (July 8, 2023): 5187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage6070275.
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According to attitude–behavior theory, the emotions generated by tourists’ travel experiences can influence their subsequent behavioral intentions. This quantitative study analyzed 398 survey questionnaires using a structural equation model to explore the multiple chain mediating effects between tourists’ participation, perceived value, place attachment, and loyalty. The results show that the innovation and interaction dimensions of tourist participation significantly influence the generation of perceived value and place attachment, which is far greater than that of the information exchange dimension. Perceived value significantly affects the formation of place attachment, and the self-enhancement dimension of perceived value significantly influences tourists’ recommendations. Compared to ordinary perceived value, the emotional connection between tourists and the destination is more profound and important, and place attachment plays a crucial role in the formation of tourists’ loyalty. This study confirms the relevance of the attitude–behavior theory in the context of traditional village tourism and extends the theory’s application to encompass the emotional connection between individuals and places. It thoroughly investigates the mechanisms through which tourists’ participation, perceived value, and place attachment impact customer loyalty. The findings of this research hold significant importance in comprehending tourists’ behavioral intention and decision-making processes within destination settings, providing a theoretical basis for exploring and expanding diverse value activities in traditional village tourism.
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Xu, Ying, David Matarrita-Cascante, Jae Ho Lee, and A. E. Luloff. "Incorporating Physical Environment-Related Factors in an Assessment of Community Attachment: Understanding Urban Park Contributions." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 11, 2019): 5603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205603.
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Community sociologists have examined community attachment through an almost exclusive focus on people’s social relations. Recent research efforts have noted the neglect of the physical place in traditional community sociological studies. Doing this has brought the physical environment into their discussions of community attachment. Despite this progress, we remain limited in our understanding of the physical environment’s contribution to peoples’ attachment to their communities and whether its effect on community attachment is applicable in the context of urban settings. In an effort to expand our knowledge of this topic, this study explored the contributions of the urban physical environment on community attachment. By selecting the Discovery Green Park as a typical form of physical environment in Houston, Texas, this study sought to investigate how people’s levels of community attachment could be predicted by: (1) peoples’ interactions with an urban park; (2) people’s emotional connections with such a park; and (3) peoples’ social interactions with others within the park. After conducting a series of block model regression analyses, we found that community attachment was not completely defined by social factors, but also depended upon peoples’ emotional connections with the local physical environment and the social interactions happening in those settings.
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Ramsha Waheed, Dr. Waqas Manzoor, Dr. Rana Muhammad Shahid Yaqub, Dr. Nazia Yasmin, and Dr. Atteeq ur Rahman. "Exploring Restaurant Patronage Behaviour in Pakistan: The Influence of Satiation, Alternative Attractiveness, and Word of Mouth with Place Attachment as a Moderator." Journal of Policy Research 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2024): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.61506/02.00170.
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This study investigates the interplay of satiation, alternative attractiveness, and place attachment on restaurant switching intentions in Pakistan, with a focus on the moderating role of place attachment. Additionally, it examines how switching intentions impact word-of-mouth and patronage behaviour. Data from 239 restaurant customers were collected via online surveys and analysed using SPSS 27.0 and Smart PLS 4.0 through Covariance-based Structural Equation Modelling (CB-SEM). Findings indicate that customer satiation significantly heightens switching intentions, while alternative attractiveness has a non-significant effect. Place attachment moderates these relationships, attenuating the positive impact of satiation on switching intentions and mitigating the negative impact of alternative attractiveness. Moreover, switching intentions positively influence word-of-mouth but do not significantly affect patronage behaviour. Implications for the Pakistani restaurant industry include enhancing customer satiation, exploring alternative attractiveness, fostering place attachment, leveraging word-of-mouth for promotion, and understanding the disconnect between switching intentions and patronage behaviour. Limitations pertain to the study's generalizability across cultures, suggesting future research directions focusing on diverse samples, cross-cultural settings, mixed-methods approaches, specific intervention strategies, and the influence of external variables such as economic conditions or public health emergencies on customer behaviour. This study contributes novel insights into the moderating role of place attachment and the complex dynamics among switching intentions, word-of-mouth, and patronage behaviour within the context of Pakistani restaurants.
20
Alawadi, Khaled. "Place attachment as a motivation for community preservation: The demise of an old, bustling, Dubai community." Urban Studies 54, no. 13 (September 6, 2016): 2973–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016664690.
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This paper describes how Dubai’s top-down redevelopment strategy affected residents of Sha’biyat Al Defaa’ and Sha’biyat Al Shorta, or Army and Police Colony, a densely aging Dubai neighbourhood. The article draws on an original ethnographic case study, including field observation, interviews with residents and local press reports. Findings show that redevelopment demolished this old neighbourhood to appeal to economic elites without making any effort to preserve any of its social, economic or emotional value to residents or the larger community. In doing so, Dubai sacrificed the wellbeing of a vulnerable population. I draw on the concept of place attachment to interpret this case’s significance for planning and preservation theory and practice. Place attachment conceptualises affective ties to both physical settings and the relationships and memories that such settings support. This study gives planners, policy makers and preservationists new evidence that attachment to land and community are important motivations for expanding historic preservation into concerns for community preservation. Conventionally, historic preservation concerns itself primarily with built landscapes; this paper argues that individuals’ feelings and bonds to social settings can be used as engines for preservation. The paper concludes that Dubai’s top-down planning model does not sensitively capture the needs of low-income communities. It argues that in advocating preservation and mitigating displacement impacts, city planners must pressure the state and developers for more affordable housing policies and projects, and must establish service programmes that provide technical and economic assistance to city residents who face eviction.
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Al-Azzam, Mu'ath Hesham, Ahmad Edwin Mohamed, and Khong Chiu Lim. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FESTIVAL ATTACHMENT AND ARAB TOURISTS' REVISIT INTENTION: A CONCEPTUAL MODEL." Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Environment Management 7, no. 27 (March 8, 2022): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/jthem.727002.
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While there is a large body of literature on revisit intention to festivals, there is surprisingly little knowledge about it in the context of the Arab world. This research aims to develop a conceptual framework that focuses on the relationship between festival attachment and revisit intentions to festivals. The concept of festival attachment in the current research is borrowed from the concept of place attachment, referring to the same bonds that form between tourists and a tourist place that can also be developed or forged between tourists and a festival. Tourists have an opportunity to develop self-identification with festivals, create affective bonds with them, satisfy and meet their needs through specific facilities or attributes of festivals, and form social bonds with other tourists visiting them, just as they would at a tourist place. All of these aspects together represent what we call attachment to a festival or festival attachment. Based on extensive literature review, the researchers proposed that festival attachment is a multidimensional construct that comprises four dimensions: festival identity, festival affect, festival dependence, and social bonding. The current proposed model will be empirically tested in the context of Jerash Festival of Culture and Arts in Jordan from the perspective of Arab tourists. The findings of this research are expected to broaden the scope of the existing literature on place attachment by introducing important insights from festival settings and its relationship with revisit intention, as well as adding new insights about the Arab tourists' attachment to cultural festivals and their revisit intentions to these festivals.
22
Clayborn, John, Jacquelyn Adams, Christopher A. Baker, and Steven C. Ricke. "Assessment of Salmonella spp. Attachment to Reusable Plastic Containers Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy and BAX® PCR." Journal of Food Research 4, no. 2 (March 9, 2015): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v4n2p166.
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<p>Reusable Plastic Containers (RPC) coupons were used to determine the ability of <em>Salmonella </em>spp. to adhere and form potential biofilms on commercial RPCs. Attachment of <em>Salmonella</em> serovars Kentucky, Newport, Enteriditis, Heidelberg, and Typhimurium was evaluated. The RPC coupons served as a platform for generating biofilms of these microorganisms. Following biofilm formation on the RPC coupons, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to examine the coupons for bacterial presence. Additionally, the RPC coupons were subjected to a bacterial biofilm growth process and were subsequently sanitized using methods and sanitizing agents that are commonplace in commercial and industrial settings. Lastly, the RPC coupons were exposed to a bacterial biofilm growth process and swabbed using methods that closely mimic scrubbing actions performed during sanitation processes typically used in commercial and industrial settings. In all cases based on SEM assessment, bacteria not only attached to the RPC, but also could not be dislodged by the sanitizers or physical scrubbing that was applied.</p>
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Hidayat, Ar Rohman T., Kenichiro Onitsuka, Corinthias P. M. Sianipar, and Satoshi Hoshino. "Distance-Dependent Migration Intention of Villagers: Comparative Study of Peri-Urban and Remote Villages in Indonesia." Administrative Sciences 12, no. 2 (April 8, 2022): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci12020048.
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Rural-to-urban migration disturbs essential factors of rural development, including labor forces, land ownership, and food production. To avoid late responses to emigration, scholars have begun investigating earlier stages of rural emigration. However, prior studies have focused on a single spatial entity only while also leaning toward trends in developed countries. Therefore, this study fills gaps by focusing on the differences in migration intention between villages in less developed settings. In observing the differences, this research takes peri-urban and remote villages as cases located at different distances from their nearest urban destination. This study treats migration intention as the dependent variable while using single-indicator place attachment and multi-indicator information sources as the independent variables. This work applies the Mann–Whitney U, ANOVA, and Brown–Forsythe tests on three hypotheses. This research also uses SEM-PLS to investigate the correlation model of the observed variables for each case. The results show that information sources negatively affect migration intentions in peri-urban settings. Remote rural areas also show similar results for the information sources variable; however, place attachment in remote settings significantly contributes to migration intention. These results show that place attachment and information sources contribute differently, depending on the distance to the urban area. We argue that access to public services and infrastructure contributes to the results. The findings suggest that an increased availability of information sources impedes the formation of migration intentions. Thus, this study suggests the necessity of improving rural infrastructure and public services to improve information literacy. It helps the government control rural emigration while fulfilling its obligation for rural development. It also offers better rural livelihoods during the development progress, providing economic incentives for villagers to stay in villages.
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Haluza, Daniela, Ina Meyer, Anke Strüver, and Andreas Exner. "Introducing a Scale for Measuring Attachment to Urban Green." Urban Science 8, no. 2 (June 4, 2024): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci8020062.
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Urban green contributes to enhanced well-being and overall quality of life in urban populations. The concept of place attachment provides an established avenue for exploring the intricate connections between urban environments and personal experiences. Building on the notion of place attachment, we investigated the perceptions of horizontal and vertical urban green by introducing a novel Urban Green Attachment (UGA) scale. A cross-sectional study using an online survey in German, measuring emotional, cognitive, and behavioral relations to urban vegetation, was conducted among 164 adult inhabitants of the Volkert quarter in Vienna, Austria. Using principal component analysis, we found that the UGA scale was a reliable measure of attachment to urban green, with ten items within the “attachment” factor. Study participants highly valued vertical green, but did not differentiate their attachment to it from horizontal greenery within the specific local context and by design of the measures we used. Thus, further studies and ethnographic investigations, preferentially accompanied by methods such as walking interviews, are needed to test the scale for other populations and settings. The UGA scale emerges as a valuable tool for advancing understanding in this critical area, given the current climate change-driven transformations of cities, building on the creation of green infrastructure.
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Kainzinger, Silvia, Arne Arnberger, and Robert C. Burns. "An Examination of Whitewater Boaters’ Place Attachment and Specialization in Four Different River Settings." Environmental Management 62, no. 5 (July 21, 2018): 832–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-018-1082-x.
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Kohlbacher, Josef, Ursula Reeger, and Philipp Schnell. "Place Attachment and Social Ties - Migrants and Natives in Three Urban Settings in Vienna." Population, Space and Place 21, no. 5 (May 10, 2015): 446–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psp.1923.
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Kim, Byungsuk, and Jina Park. "Effects of Commercial Activities by Type on Social Bonding and Place Attachment in Neighborhoods." Sustainability 10, no. 6 (May 29, 2018): 1771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10061771.
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Storz, Nora, Borja Martinovic, Maykel Verkuyten, Iris Žeželj, Charis Psaltis, and Sonia Roccas. "Collective psychological ownership and reconciliation in territorial conflicts." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 8, no. 1 (July 13, 2020): 404–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v8i1.1145.
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Collective psychological ownership refers to people’s perception that an object, place, or idea belongs to their own group. We considered this concept in the context of territorial conflicts and proposed that (1) collective psychological ownership is distinct from place attachment, (2) higher ingroup identifiers are more likely to claim collective ownership and feel attached to the territory, yet (3) only ownership claims are related to lower support for reconciliation. These hypotheses were tested in two studies using structural equation modelling. Study 1 addressed the Kosovo conflict, based on Serbian participants living in Serbia (N = 264). We found that collective psychological ownership and place attachment were distinct. Moreover, higher Serbian identifiers had a stronger sense of collective ownership of Kosovo and were more attached to it. Those with stronger feelings of collective ownership supported reconciliation with Albanians less, while place attachment did not hinder reconciliation. Study 2 replicated these findings among a new sample of Serbs in Serbia (N = 173), among Serbs in Kosovo (N = 129), and in two other conflict settings: among Greek Cypriots in Cyprus (N = 135) and Jews in Israel (N = 109). Altogether, we provide evidence that collective psychological ownership can represent an obstacle to reconciliation in conflict regions.
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Zahid, Armaghan, and Damla Misirlisoy. "MEASURING PLACE ATTACHMENT, IDENTITY, AND MEMORY IN URBAN SPACES: CASE OF THE WALLED CITY OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 45, no. 2 (November 30, 2021): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jau.2021.15183.
Abstract:
Public spaces are essential for any city as they define place character; they are the meeting point for social and cultural actions. Place attachment is moulded by the tie between individuals and places. The research examines the historic streets, which are remainders of their period when the pedestrian flow was predominant and had exceptional qualities that supported social action. The changed settings nowadays might have changed people’s views and the investigation was made to question and check individual’s common memory and their sensitive ties to the historic streets. The four streets from the Walled City of Lahore were selected upon their significance of history and usage. The questionnaires were prepared and the fieldwork analysis was conducted face to face and selected streets were investigated in the terms of, place attachment, identity, and memory. The outcome proved that there is a promising feeling of attachment towards the selected streets and lacking qualities of a street can be improved if look closely at the worthy streets. The study addressed an important issue of marginalization and the results from the Shah-Almi street shows that their act will create the walled city streets to lose their identity as it is formed by its users.
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Page, Jools. "Reframing infant-toddler pedagogy through a lens of professional love: Exploring narratives of professional practice in early childhood settings in England." Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 18, no. 4 (December 2017): 387–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463949117742780.
Abstract:
There is an increased international interest in how close attachment interactions with infants and toddlers are realised and interpreted by early years professionals. It is troubling for those who work in early years settings with infants and toddlers to know how best to demonstrate healthy loving attachment behaviours as an expectation of their professional caregiving role when ‘standing in for parents’. This article reports the interview findings from a mixed-methods study which examined practitioners’ views on love, care and intimacy within the English early years policy context. It draws on attachment theory and relational ethics to analyse the narratives of practice drawn from eight in-depth interviews with infant-toddler professionals to reveal the extent of their challenge as well as their beliefs about attachment and professional love. The responses highlighted the level of concern about the place of love and intimacy in non-familial pedagogical relationships with young children, against the backdrop of child protection and safeguarding following the global concern about infant abuse. The study suggests that there is a need to embrace an infant-toddler pedagogy to include the lens and the language of attachment and professional love, and to provide early years professionals with training and guidance on how to safely interpret these theories in their everyday practice.
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Cope, Michael R., Jorden E. Jackson, Scott R. Sanders, Lance D. Erickson, Tippe Morlan, and Ralph B. Brown. "The Manifestation of Neighborhood Effects: A Pattern for Community Growth?" Societies 10, no. 1 (February 5, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc10010016.
Abstract:
Neighborhood effects, or the development of community by neighborhoods, are often studied in an urban context. Previous research has neglected to examine the influence of neighborhoods in nonurban settings. Our case study, however, contributes to the existing literature as it takes place in a small, rural-to-urban town at an important point in time where the town was urbanizing. We find that neighborhood effects also influence community satisfaction and attachment in Creekdale, an urbanizing town. Using survey data (N = 1006) drawn from the Creekdale Community Citizens Viewpoint Survey (CCVS), we find that, contrary to conventional wisdom, population size and density does not matter necessarily for an individual’s community attachment and satisfaction; community experience is shaped by neighborhood effects.
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Wiboonpote, Nicha, and Pat Seeumpornroj. "A Place to P(r)ay: A Study of Spiritual Rituals in Bangkok Malls." Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning 12 (October 31, 2016): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54028/nj20166984.
Abstract:
This research examines the phenomenon of Thai Buddhist elements for spiritual rituals in Bangkok malls.Today, religious settings are not only located in temples or churches, but they are also occasionally relocated to commercial spaces such as malls. This reflects the effort to bring the religion closer to the community and to use religion-related activities as a magnet that draws attention to the mall itself. Accordingly, this research explores the influences behind such happenings, which include spiritual beliefs, cultural practices of commercial spaces and marketing strategies. This phenomenon also leads to a wider aspect regarding the role of a mall in its community and space usages those went beyond commercial purposes.
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Gottwald, Sarah, Christian Albert, and Nora Fagerholm. "Combining sense of place theory with the ecosystem services concept: empirical insights and reflections from a participatory mapping study." Landscape Ecology 37, no. 2 (October 26, 2021): 633–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-021-01362-z.
Abstract:
Abstract Context River landscapes represent hotspots for biodiversity and ecosystem services used and embraced by human agents. Changes in river landscapes are subjectively perceived by people and can be assessed through the lenses of cultural ecosystem services (CES) and sense of place (SOP). Objectives This study aims to assess people–place relationships in a river landscape by integrating SOP theory and the CES concept and critically reflecting on their interplay. Research objectives relate to meanings and attachments attributed by citizens to places and the influence of the physical environment and socioeconomic settings. Methods We employed a spatially meaningful place indicator in a public participation GIS survey, combining meanings elucidated through a free listing exercise and multiple-choice questions. Statistical analyses were employed to investigate relationships between meanings, place attachment, and environmental and social variables. Results The results showed that (1) place meaning assessments can complement place attachment data by enhancing the understanding of relationships to biophysical and socioeconomic variables, and (2) combinations of both assessment approaches for place meanings showed that CESs were reflected in many free listed meaning types, dominantly related to forms or practices, but neglect relational values, such as “Heimat” (i.e., in German expression of the long-standing connection to an area) or memories. Conclusions This paper explicates synergies between SOP theory and CES concept. CES research offers insights from spatial assessments, while SOP research provides theoretical depth regarding relational values linked to CES. This paper critically reflects the ostensible consent of understanding SOP as a CES and proposes considering SOP as an overarching theory for CES assessment.
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Liu, Qunyue, Zhipeng Zhu, Zhixiong Zhuo, Shuping Huang, Chunying Zhang, Xiabin Shen, Cecil C. Konijnendijk van den Bosch, Qitang Huang, and Siren Lan. "Relationships between residents’ ratings of place attachment and the restorative potential of natural and urban park settings." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 62 (July 2021): 127188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127188.
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Kosalim, Alvira Zerlinda Kosalim, and Lya Dewi Anggraini. "PERANCANGAN BUTIK “PUSAT GROSIR MUSLIM (PGM)” DENGAN PENDEKATAN SENSE OF PLACE." AKSEN 5, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37715/aksen.v5i2.1869.
Abstract:
The focus of this research is designing buildings and spaces using the factors forming sense of place. The goalis to create a space that has aesthetic value, comfort, and can provide a sense of attachment between the userand the building so as to add value to residential, commercial, and public spaces. The methods used in thisdesign are observation and analysis, data collection, and literature study. From this method it was found thatthis design uses (1) fulfillment of the human senses, (2) forms of identity and (3) comfort, (4) pays attention tothe aesthetic side, so that (5) can design memory or experience in space or buildings. From this it is expectedto create a space that can support the self-actualization of its users. The results of this design obtained abuilding with the concept of fun and glass, where the building can support the concept of a boutique with anattractive window display and interior. The use of the forming factor of sense of place is also found in interioraesthetics, comfort with ergonomic furniture, and fulfillment of the human senses to form a sense of place.Spatial planning in building plans is also a method of solving problems and establishing comfortable spaces.By fulfilling the factors forming the sense of place, it is expected to form a sense of the user’s attachment tothe building.
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Morgan, Mark, and Brian Messenger. "Using an Activity and Place-Based Typology to Explain Visitor Motivations." Journal of Forestry 107, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/107.1.44.
Abstract:
Abstract Formulating unbiased policies for outdoor recreation is difficult because managers should weigh the relative contributions of activities and settings. This procedure is complicated by supply and demand factors, agency mandates, political pressure, and revenue shortfalls. Because policymaking is a subjective process, some visitors are affected by management decisions more than others. Motivations play an important role in visitor satisfaction, as does the meanings of activities and places. Sometimes these factors are overlooked by managers. This study combined the activity involvement and place attachment scores of visitors at the Eleven Point National Scenic River in southern Missouri into a 2 × 2 typology. Based on these results, a three-level specialization continuum was developed to explain visitors' motives for recreational participation. These findings suggest that a framework combining activity and place meanings has some advantages over using a traditional activity-based approach.
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Patara Martin, Nona. "Whose Bay Street? Competing Narratives of Nassau’s City Centre." Island Studies Journal 4, no. 1 (2009): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.226.
Abstract:
Bay Street has always been at the centre of commercial, cultural and political life in the Bahama Islands. It also acts as a gateway for millions of tourists who come to Nassau, the Bahamian capital, via cruise ships every year. Not surprisingly, Bahamians and non-Bahamians have widely divergent impressions of Bay Street. The need to accommodate the tourists who are critical to the Bahamian economy has meant that Bay Street, despite its deep social significance for Bahamians, has increasingly become a tourist space. With reference to the ‘sense of place’ and place attachment literature, this paper traces the transformation of Bay Street and attempts to tease out the most obvious tensions between the Bay Street that Bahamians experience and Bay Street as a port of call.
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Frazier, Brandy, Alice Wilson, Susan Gelman, and Bruce Hood. "Picasso Paintings, Moon Rocks, and Hand-Written Beatles Lyrics: Adults' Evaluations of Authentic Objects." Journal of Cognition and Culture 9, no. 1-2 (2009): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853709x414601.
Abstract:
AbstractAuthentic objects are those that have a historical link to a person, event, time, or place of some significance (e.g., original Picasso painting; gown worn by Princess Diana; your favorite baby blanket). The current study examines everyday beliefs about authentic objects, with three primary goals: to determine the scope of adults' evaluation of authentic objects, to examine such evaluation in two distinct cultural settings, and to determine whether a person's attachment history (i.e., whether or not they owned an attachment object as a child) predicts evaluation of authentic objects. We found that college students in the UK (N=125) and the USA (N=119) consistently evaluate a broad range of authentic items as more valuable than matched control (inauthentic) objects, more desirable to keep, and more desirable to touch, though only non-personal authentic items were judged to be more appropriate for display in a museum. These patterns were remarkably similar across the two cultural contexts. Additionally, those who had an attachment object as a child evaluated objects more favorably, and in particular judged authentic objects to be more valuable. Altogether, these results demonstrate broad endorsement of "positive contagion" among college-educated adults.
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Sala Reig, Neus. "Ramón Reig y Salvador Dalí: coincidencias biográficas y analogías artísticas entre dos pintores coetáneos y afines al paisaje del Ampurdán y al “espíritu ampurdanés”." Barcelona Investigación Arte Creación 4, no. 3 (October 2, 2016): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/brac.2016.2077.
Abstract:
This article aims to evoke common aspects in the biography and works of two contemporary painters, Ramón Reig Corominas (Manila, 1903-Figueres, 1963) and Salvador Dalí Domènech (Figueres, 1904-1989). In the first place, il recalls the friendship and the education which both of them received from their teacher Juan Núñez, the settings which they painted together from nature and the collectiveexhibitions in which both artists took part. In the second place, it emphasizes the common criticisms which they aroused and the similar aspects in their painting:the verism of their technique, their attachment to the Empordà landscape and the academicism which they both cultivated. Finally, it refers to the articles written byReig about Dalí, underlining the personality of these two artists and the esteem they manifested for each other, sharing what we might call the “Empordanese spirit”.
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Wartmann, Flurina M., C. B. Stride, F. Kienast, and M. Hunziker. "Relating landscape ecological metrics with public survey data on perceived landscape quality and place attachment." Landscape Ecology 36, no. 8 (July 6, 2021): 2367–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-021-01290-y.
Abstract:
Abstract Context It is essential for policy-making and planning that we understand landscapes not only in terms of landscape ecological patterns, but also in terms of their contribution to people's quality of life. Objectives In this study our objective is to test relationships between landscape ecology and social science indicators, by investigating how landscape patterns are linked to people’s perception of landscape quality. Methods To assess public views on landscapes we conducted a survey among 858 respondents in Switzerland. We combined this survey data on perceived landscape quality and place attachment with landscape metrics (e.g. diversity, naturalness of land cover, urban sprawl, fragmentation) in a statistical model to test hypotheses about the relationships between the different variables of interest. Results Our results illustrate the contribution of both landscape composition metrics and social science indicators to understanding variation in people’s perception and assessment of landscape. For example, we found the landscape ecology metrics on urban sprawl and fragmentation to be a negative predictor of overall satisfaction with landscape, and that perceived landscape quality positively predicted place attachment and satisfaction with the municipality landscape. Conclusions This study highlights the importance and feasibility of combining landscape ecology metrics and public survey data on how people perceive, value and relate to landscape in an integrated manner. Our approach has the potential for implementation across a variety of settings and can contribute to holistic and integrated landscape assessments that combine ecological and socio-cultural aspects.
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Muliawan, Arifidarto, Try Bahi Faisal, and Nurtati Soewarno. "USER BEHAVIORAL STUDY at the CO-WORKING SPACES WITHIN EX-MILITARY WAREHOUSE BUILDINGS." Journal of Architectural Research and Education 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jare.v5i1.52998.
Abstract:
Increasingly urban density causes land prices to become more expensive through the years. Repurposing old buildings that are no longer functioning as new functions can be one of the solutions. By utilizing the cultural heritage building of ex-military warehouses of the former Dutch Colonial Government, Warehouse 22 uses 3 parts of the warehouses for a commercial function that is more relevant to today's needs. One of the facilities available is co-working spaces, as a place for activities that became the main focus of this research. This research method applies descriptive qualitative research carried out through observation to describe the settings of activities in its place, especially in the co-working space area through place-centered mapping. This research aims to understand the phenomenon that occurs in the co-working space area related to the behavior of its users, privacy, personal space, and territory. This study shows how a pandemic indirectly changes our daily behavior in the settings where the activity occurs and creates a new lifestyle as an adjustment in the present and future.
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Platt, Louise C. "Crafting place: Women’s everyday creativity in placemaking processes." European Journal of Cultural Studies 22, no. 3 (September 8, 2017): 362–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367549417722090.
Abstract:
Amid a resurgence of domestic craft, this article contends that everyday creative practices of women are part of placemaking processes in the creative city. Specifically, the research focuses on Liverpool in the Northwest of England, the so-called (and self-proclaimed) ‘centre of the creative universe’. This article utilized in-depth semi-structured interviews with members of knitting groups and the city centre Women’s Institute to explore how women use craft practice to create a sense of self and attachment to place. The idea of women gathering to craft is enduring, and is examined here to understand affective labour and the role that creativity plays in the urban experience of women. It is argued that the groups demonstrate a lack of engagement with the wider market and official placemaking processes, but instead demonstrate an element of self-valorization. The article challenges thinking around culture-led placemaking in cities like Liverpool, where discourses of creativity have been used as a driver for regeneration by shifting the emphasis onto seemingly banal settings on the edges of the so-called creative city. While urban placemakers have been more recently concerned with developing hubs of creative industries, the role of these groups that are not producing a profitable ‘product’ should not be underestimated or exploited.
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Oswald, Frank, Habib Chaudhury, and Amanda Grenier. "Environment Still Matters: Examining Person-Place-Relationships in the Old and the New Normal Across Settings." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 528–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2038.
Abstract:
Abstract In environmental gerontology, the home and the neighborhood have always been of particular interest for empirical research. Issues such as orientation and safety, place attachment and biographical bonding, have proven to be important for community dwellings older adults and for those living in care homes. However, with Covid-19, the seemingly stable person-place-relationships have been challenged. This symposium provides a set of applied research contributions that demonstrate the persistent salience of the environment by examining person-place-relationships in the old and the new normal in private homes and care homes. Contributions draw from ideas of “precarious ageing” (Grenier & Phillipson) and “pandemic precarity”, for instance to understand housing insecurity, while concepts from environmental gerontology are used to explain processes of environmental agency and belonging. The first contribution by Mahmood and colleagues introduces an environmental audit tool for people at risk of homelessness to assess built environmental features of housing and neighborhood that support housing stability in the face of insecurity. Second, Wanka provides data from people framed as ‘risk-groups’ through the Covid-19 pandemic and how they dealt with contact restrictions, showing the role of intergenerational neighborhood relations to mediate risks of pandemic precariousness. Third, Elkes examined mobility and wayfinding challenges for residents in a long-term care home and subsequent environmental interventions to improve orientation. Forth, Leontowitsch and colleagues present findings from long-term care home residents during the pandemic to gain understanding of their experiences of social isolation and a biographical sense of resilience. Finally, Amanda Grenier will serve as the session’s discussant.
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Gausdal, Maria Edith Lindholm. "Breaching the Interpretative Wall between Private and Public Commercial Contracts." European Review of Contract Law 16, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 511–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ercl-2020-0028.
Abstract:
AbstractFrom a purely contractual perspective, this article reflects upon labour standard clauses with the objective to ensure that the fundamental ILO conventions and the International Bill of Human Rights are complied with throughout global value chains in respectively business-to-business (private), and public commercial contracts. The clauses are in both settings based widely on the same standards; however scholarship on the two types of contracts has been quite separate. The article reviews some Scandinavian case law concerning labour standard clauses and procurement regulation. It finds that contractual argumentation supported the outcome in these cases, isolates this argumentation, and reflects on whether contractual perspectives on the public contract might inspire current research on private contracts. It finally argues that an actual fusion is already taking place, wherefore contract lawyers may play an important role as to whether ‘the interpretative wall’ should be breached, or whether this is not feasible due to the distinctive characteristics of each contract.
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Yeste, Marc, Sergi Bonet, Joan E. Rodríguez-Gil, and Maria M. Rivera Del Álamo. "Evaluation of sperm motility with CASA-Mot: which factors may influence our measurements?" Reproduction, Fertility and Development 30, no. 6 (2018): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd17475.
Abstract:
Computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) is now routinely used in IVF clinics, animal breeding centres and research laboratories. Although CASA provides a more objective way to evaluate sperm parameters, a significant number of factors can affect these measurements. This paper classifies these factors into four categories: (1) sample and slide (e.g. preincubation time, type of specimen and type of chamber slide); (2) microscope (e.g. light source and microscope stage); (3) hardware and software, including the settings of each system; and (4) user-related factors. We review the effects of the different factors in each category on the measurements made and emphasise the need to take measures to standardise evaluations. The take-home message of the present article is that there are several commercial and useful CASA systems, and all are appropriate for routine analysis. Non-commercial systems may also be good choices when the user needs to adapt the device to specific experimental conditions. In both cases (commercial and non-commercial), it is important that standard protocols are put in place for evaluation, as well as methods to validate the system.
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Kemerink, J. S., L. E. Méndez, R. Ahlers, P. Wester, and P. van der Zaag. "The question of inclusion and representation in rural South Africa: challenging the concept of water user associations as a vehicle for transformation." Water Policy 15, no. 2 (December 5, 2012): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2012.127.
Abstract:
The promotion of local governance and the transfer of water management responsibilities to water user associations (WUAs) have been central in water reform processes throughout the world, including in the reforms that took place in post-apartheid South Africa. This paper reflects on the notions of inclusion and representation as put forward by the various actors involved in the establishment of a WUA in a tertiary catchment in the Thukela River Basin. The paper describes how the WUA in the study catchment came to be dominated by commercial farmers, despite the South African government's aim to redress the inequities of the past by the inclusion and representation of historically disadvantaged individuals. The authors argue that the notions of inclusion and representation as embedded in the concept of the WUA are highly contested and more aligned with the institutional settings familiar to the commercial farmers. The paper concludes that, unless the inherently political nature of the participatory process is recognized and the different institutional settings become part of the negotiation process of the ‘why’ and the ‘how’ of progressive collaboration at catchment level, the establishment of the WUA in the study catchment will not contribute to achieving the envisioned transformation.
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Yu, Liping, Ran Tao, and Gilles Lubineau. "Accurate 3D Shape, Displacement and Deformation Measurement Using a Smartphone." Sensors 19, no. 3 (February 10, 2019): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030719.
Abstract:
The stereo-digital image correlation technique using two synchronized industrial-grade cameras has been extensively used for full-field 3D shape, displacement and deformation measurements. However, its use in resource-limited institutions and field settings is inhibited by the need for relatively expensive, bulky and complicated experimental set-ups. To mitigate this problem, we established a cost-effective and ultra-portable smartphone-based stereo-digital image correlation system, which only uses a smartphone and an optical attachment. This optical attachment is composed of four planar mirrors and a 3D-printed mirror support, and can split the incoming scene into two sub-images, simulating a stereovision system using two virtual smartphones. Although such a mirror-based system has already been used for stereo-image correlation, this is the first time it has been combined with a commercial smartphone. This publication explores the potential and limitations of such a configuration. We first verified the effectiveness and accuracy of this system in 3D shape and displacement measurement through shape measurement and in-plane and out-of-plane translation tests. Severe thermal-induced virtual strains (up to 15,000 με) were found in the measured results due to the smartphone heating. The mechanism for the generation of the temperature-dependent errors in this system was clearly and reasonably explained. After a simple preheating process, the smartphone-based system was demonstrated to be accurate in measuring the strain on the surface of a loaded composite specimen, with comparable accuracy to a strain gauge. Measurements of 3D deformation are illustrated by tracking the deformation on the surface of a deflating ball. This cost-effective and ultra-portable smartphone-based system not only greatly decreases the hardware investment in the system construction, but also increases convenience and efficiency of 3D deformation measurements, thus demonstrating a large potential in resource-limited and field settings.
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Lamb, Margaret. "DEFINING “PROFITS” FOR BRITISH INCOME TAX PURPOSES: A CONTEXTUAL STUDY OF THE DEPRECIATION CASES, 1875–1897." Accounting Historians Journal 29, no. 1 (June 1, 2002): 105–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.29.1.105.
Abstract:
Seven British income tax disputes over depreciation (1875–1897) are analyzed in this contextual study. The legal cases reveal how uncertainty over meanings for “depreciation,” “profits,” and “capital” reflected social and political tensions which had commercial accounting implications. Case analysis yields evidence of how judicial support reinforced the Inland Revenue's technical authority over a competing tax administration institution and enabled its modern regulatory control over taxpayers to be constructed. The British example illustrates the ways in which technical and administrative practices may emerge from the contestation of meanings that takes place both in a wide political context and within particular institutional settings.
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Rosie, Michael, and Eve Hepburn. "‘The Essence of the Union …’: Unionism, Nationalism and Identity On These Disconnected Islands." Scottish Affairs 24, no. 2 (May 2015): 141–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2015.0064.
Abstract:
Linda Colley (1996) identified three key ‘glues’ for the British Union state created in 1707: extensive wars with France; a uniting sense of Protestantism; and a burgeoning commercial and military empire. This article explores how two key parts of this project – namely, ‘unionism’ and a collective sense of ‘Britishness’ – has become increasingly disconnected in different parts of the United Kingdom. In particular, it examines the extent to which, following Colley's historical argument, white and Protestant citizens remain more likely to identify with political Unionism and Britishness as compared to other ethnic and religious groups. The discussion includes an analysis of the degree to which ‘feeling British’ and ‘valuing the Union’ overlap, and whether a connected unionism can be discerned against trends which increasingly place emphasis on the sub-state nation as a key political community of attachment and identity.
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Huang, Shuping, Cecil Konijnendijk van den Bosch, Weicong Fu, Jinda Qi, Ziru Chen, Zhipeng Zhu, and Jianwen Dong. "Does Adding Local Tree Elements into Dwellings Enhance Individuals’ Homesickness? Scenario-Visualisation for Developing Sustainable Rural Landscapes." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (October 30, 2018): 3943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10113943.
Abstract:
Rural residential settings are important elements of livable and sustainable rural areas across the world. Enhancing people’s attachment to these landscapes through fostering feelings of homesickness could help in the pursuit of better rural residential settings. We studied homesickness, an emotion found to be associated with higher place attachment and quality of life, related to rural landscapes in southeast China, looking specifically at the presence and configuration of rural dwellings and trees. We used Photoshop to manipulate different configurations of typical rural dwellings and trees, and three series with twelve types of landscape scenes were generated. We looked at the following six emotional factors linked to homesickness: naturalness; regional culture; identity; psychology; experience; and landscape aesthetics. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and semantic differential (SD) methods were used to evaluate the level in which the landscape evoked feelings of homesickness amongst study participants, i.e., a group of university students from different disciplines. Results show that the homesickness emotional response level was higher in most of the simulated landscapes, as compared to the original landscape, and that response levels differed significantly between the three types of visualized landscape configurations. The emotional response level showed differences for manipulated landscape scenes with twelve different trees added to dwellings. Through cluster analysis of the results, we divided trees into three grades of emotional response for each dwelling type. Adding trees thus was found to change the emotional response to the landscape, and different tree configurations with different types of dwellings results in different responses. The study shows that careful design of the rural landscape can help build stronger emotional relations of humans with their local environment, which is a key ingredient for sustainable countryside living.