Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pixel Chip'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Pixel Chip.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 27 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Pixel Chip.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Hong, Augustin Jinwoo. "Self-calibrating random access logarithmic pixel for on chip camera." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2328.
Full textAbstract:
CMOS active pixel sensors (APS) have shown competitive performance with charge-coupled device (CCD) and offer many advantages in cost, system power reduction and on-chip integration of VLSI electronics. Among CMOS image sensors, sensors with logarithmic pixels are particularly applicable for outdoor environment where the light intensity varies over a wide range. They are also randomly accessible in both time and space. A major drawback comes from process variations during fabrication. This gives rise to a considerable fixed pattern noise (FPN) which deteriorates the image quality. In this thesis, a technique that greatly reduces FPN using on-chip calibration is introduced. An image sensor that consists of 64x64 active pixels has been designed, fabricated and tested. Pixel pitch is 18um x 19.2um? and is fabricated in a 0.5-um? CMOS process. The proposed pixel circuit considerably reduces the FPN as predicted in theoretical analysis. The measured FPN value is 2.29% of output voltage swing and column-wise FPN is 1.49% of mean output voltage over each column.
2
Hong, Canaan Sungkuk. "On-chip spatial image processing with CMOS active pixel sensors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ65248.pdf.
Full text
3
Zhao, Ruiguang. "Development of a CMOS pixel sensor with on-chip artificial neural networks." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAE050.
Full textAbstract:
Dans le détecteur de vertex de l'ILC (International Linear Collider), un nombre élevé d'impacts supplémentaires seront générés par des électrons résultant de processus liés au bruit de fond des faisceaux. Leur impulsion se trouve typiquement est inférieure à celle des particules issues d'événements associés à des processus physiques. Notre groupe à l'IPHC a proposé d'explorer le concept d'un capteur à pixels CMOS avec des ANNs intégrés pour marquer et supprimer les pixels touchés (hits) générés par ces électrons.Au cours de ma thèse de doctorat, je me suis concentré sur l'étude d'un capteur à pixels CMOS avec des ANNs intégrés portant sur les aspects suivants :1. L'implémentation de modules de prétraitement et d'un ANN dans un composant FPGA pour l'étude de faisabilité ; 2. Un algorithme pour la recherche de clusters, qui fait partie des modules de prétraitement, a été proposé en vue d'être intégré dans la conception de l'ASICIn the vertex detector of the ILC (International Linear Collider), a large number of extra hits will be generated by electrons coming from the beam background. Momenta of these background electrons typically are lower than particles coming from physics events. Our group in IPHC has proposed the concept of a CMOS pixel sensor with on-chip ANNs to tag and remove hits generated by background particles.During my PhD thesis, I focused on the study of a CMOS pixel sensor with on-chip ANNs from the following aspects :1. The implementation of preprocessing modules and an ANN in an FPGA device for the feasibility study ;2. An on-chip algorithm for cluster search which is a part of preprocessing modules has been proposed to integrate into the ASIC design
4
Sjödin, Saron Anteneh. "Indium Bump Fabrication using Electroplating for Flip Chip Bonding." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-27939.
Full textAbstract:
Hybrid pixel detectors are widely used in many fields, including military, environment, industry and medical treatment. When integrating such a detector, a vertical connection technique called flip-chip bonding is almost the only way to realize the high-density interconnection between each pixel detector to the read-out chip. Such bonding can offer high-density I/O and a short interconnect distance, which can make the resulting device show excellent performance. Electro deposition is a promising approach to enable a low cost and high yield bump bonding process, compared with conventional sputtering or evaporation which is currently utilized for small-scale production. Due to that, Indium bumping process using electroplating is selected, as a result of which indium bump arrays with a pitch of 220 μm and a diameter of 30 μm have been fabricated using a standard silicon wafer processing. UBM (under bump metallization) for indium bumping was Ti/Ni (300 Å/ 2000 Å). It helps to increase adhesion between the wafer and the bumps and also serves as an excellent diffusion barrier both at room temperature and at 200°C. The indium is electroplated, using an indium sulfamate plating bath, and then formed into bumps through a reflow process. The reflow is made on a 200°C hot plate with a continuous flow of nitrogen over the wafer. During the reflow the indium is melted and forms into bumps due to surface tension. All the corresponding procedural processing steps and results are incorporated in this paper.
5
Obermann, Theresa [Verfasser]. "Performance evaluation of a fully depleted monolithic pixel detector chip in 150 nm CMOS technology / Theresa Obermann." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1140525980/34.
Full text
6
COLLU, ALBERTO. "Development and characterisation of Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor prototypes for the upgrade of the ALICE Inner Tracking System." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266792.
Full textAbstract:
ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is dedicated to the study and characterisation of the Quark-‐Gluon Plasma (QGP), exploiting the unique potential of ultrarelativistic heavy-‐ion collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The increase of the LHC luminosity leading up to about 50 kHz Pb-‐Pb interaction rate after the second long shutdown (in 2018-‐2019) will offer the possibility to perform high precision measurements of rare probes over a wide range of momenta. These measurements are statistically limited or not even possible with the present experimental set up. For this reason, an upgrade strategy for several ALICE detectors is being pursued. In particular, it is foreseen to replace the Inner Tracking System (ITS) by a new detector which will significantly improve the tracking and vertexing capabilities of ALICE in the upgrade scenario. The new ITS will have a barrel geometry consisting of seven layers of Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS) with high granularity, which will fulfil the material budget, readout and radiation hardness requirements for the upgrade. Intensive R&D has been carried out in the last four years on MAPS in the framework of the ALICE ITS upgrade. Various small scale sensors have been designed in the TowerJazz 0.18 um imaging sensor technology to study noise, charge collection efficiency and signal-‐to-‐noise ratio. This work presents the main characterization results obtained from the measurements performed on two small scale prototypes (MIMOSA-‐32 and MIMOSA-‐32ter) with X-‐ray sources and beams of particles. The architecture of an innovative full scale MAPS prototype (Alice Pixel Detector, ALPIDE) is also presented that is based on an AC-‐sensitive front end and on a hit-‐ driven readout. The first results on the ALPIDE prototype showed that the sensor is fully functional and that it provides performance in terms of readout time, power density and noise much better than the state of the art MAPS based on the rolling shutter readout, which makes this type of sensors very attractive for employment in the new ALICE ITS.
7
TANG, JIANJING. "DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A 32X32-BIT DATABASE FILTER CHIP BASED ON A CMOS COMPATIBLE PHOTONIC VLSI DEVICE TECHNOLOGY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1059399964.
Full text
8
Trimpl, Marcel. "Design of a current based readout chip and development of a DEPFET pixel prototype system for the ILC vertex detector." Bonn : Physikalisches Inst, 2005. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=978422228.
Full text
9
Wong, Winnie. "A Hybrid Pixel Detector ASIC with Energy Binning for Real-Time, Spectroscopic Dose Measurements." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-16171.
Full textAbstract:
Hybrid pixel detectors have been demonstrated to provide excellent quality detection of ionising photon radiation, particularly in X-ray imaging. Recently, there has been interest in developing a hybrid pixel detector specifically for photon dosimetry. This thesis is on the design, implementation, and preliminary characterisation of the Dosepix readout chip. Dosepix has 256 square pixels of 220 mm side-length, constituting 12.4 mm2 of photo-sensitive area per detector. The combination of multiple pixels provides many parallel processors with limited input flux, resulting in a radiation dose monitor which can continuously record data and provide a real-time report on personal dose equivalent. Energy measurements are obtained by measuring the time over threshold of each photon and a state machine in the pixel sorts the detected photon event into appropriate energy bins. Each pixel contains 16 digital thresholds with 16 registers to store the associated energy bins. Preliminary measurements of Dosepix chips bump bonded to silicon sensors show very promising results. The pixel has a frontend noise of 120 e-. In low power mode, each chip consumes 15 mW, permitting its use in a portable, battery-powered system. Direct time over threshold output from the hybrid pixel detector assembly reveal distinctive photo-peaks correctly identifying the nature of incident photons, and verification measurements indicate that the pixel binning state machines accurately categorise charge spectra. Personal dose equivalent reconstruction using this data has a flat response for a large range of photon energies and personal dose equivalent rates.
10
Wang, Jia. "Design of a low noise, limited area and full on-chip power management for CMOS pixel sensors in high energy physics experiments." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00758209.
Full textAbstract:
What are the elementary particles and how did the universe originate are the main driving forces in the high energy physics. In order to further demonstrate the standard model and discover new physics, several detectors are built for the high energy physics experiments. CMOS pixel sensors (CPS) can achieve an attractive tradeoff among many performance parameters, such as readout speed, granularity, material budget, power dissipation, radiation tolerance and integrating readout circuitry on the same substrate, compared with the hybrid pixel sensors and charge coupled devices. Thus, the CPS is a good candidate for tracking the charged particles in vertex detectors and beam telescopes.The power distribution becomes an important issue in the future detectors, since a considerable amount of sensors will be installed. Unfortunately, the independent powering has been proved to fail. In order to solve the power distribution challenges and to provide noiseless voltages, this thesis focuses on the design of a low noise, limited area, low power consumption and full on-chip power management in CPS chips. The CPS are firstly introduced drawing the design requirements of the power management. The power distribution dedicated to CPS chips is then proposed, in which the power management is utilized as the second power conversion stage. Two full on-chip regulators are proposed to generate the analog power supply voltage and the reference voltage required by correlated double sampling operation, respectively. Two prototypes have verified these regulators. They can meet the requirements of CPS. Moreover, the power management techniques and the radiation tolerance design are also presented in this thesis.
11
Peschke, Richard [Verfasser], and Erika [Akademischer Betreuer] Garutti. "Characterisation of the ATLAS ITK Strips Front-End Chip and Development of EUDAQ 2.0 for the EUDET-Style Pixel Telescopes / Richard Peschke ; Betreuer: Erika Garutti." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/112611622X/34.
Full text
12
Trimpl, Marcel [Verfasser]. "Design of a current based readout chip and development of a DEPFET pixel prototype system for the ILC vertex detector / Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut. By Marcel Trimpl." Bonn : Physikalisches Inst, 2005. http://d-nb.info/978422228/34.
Full text
13
Knopf, Jochen [Verfasser], and Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Fischer. "Development, Characterization and Operation of the DCDB, the Front-End Readout Chip for the Pixel Vertex Detector of the Future BELLE-II Experiment / Jochen Knopf ; Betreuer: Peter Fischer." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1179782577/34.
Full text
14
Ackers, Mario. "Entwurf und Charakterisierung des ATLAS-Pixel-Front-End-Chips FED in strahlenharter DMILL-Technologie." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=966396987.
Full text
15
Llopart, Cudié Xavier. "Design and characterization of 64K pixels chips working in single photon processing mode." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-45.
Full textAbstract:
Progress in CMOS technology and in fine pitch bump bonding has made possible the development of high granularity single photon counting detectors for X-ray imaging. This thesis studies the design and characterization of three pulse processing chips with 65536 square pixels of 55 μm x 55 μm designed in a commercial 0.25 μm 6-metal CMOS technology. The 3 chips share the same architecture and dimensions and are named Medipix2, Mpix2MXR20 and Timepix. The Medipix2 chip is a pixel detector readout chip consisting of 256 x 256 identical elements, each working in single photon counting mode for positive or negative input charge signals. The preamplifier feedback provides compensation for detector leakage current on a pixel by pixel basis. Two identical pulse height discriminators are used to define an energy window. Every event falling inside the energy window is counted with a 13-bit pseudo-random counter. The counter logic, based in a shift register, also behaves as the input/output register for the pixel. Each cell also has an 8-bit configuration register which allows masking, test-enabling and 3-bit individual threshold adjust for each discriminator. The chip can be configured in serial mode and readout either serially or in parallel. Measurements show an electronic noise ~160 e- rms with a gain of ~9 mV/ke-. The threshold spread after equalization of ~120 e- rms brings the full chip minimum detectable charge to ~1100 e-. The analog static power consumption is ~8 μW per pixel with Vdda=2.2 V. The Mpix2MXR20 is an upgraded version of the Medipix2. The main changes in the pixel consist of: an improved tolerance to radiation, improved pixel to pixel threshold uniformity, and a 14-bit counter with overflow control. The chip periphery includes new threshold DACs with smaller step size, improved linearity, and better temperature dependence. Timepix is an evolution of the Mpix2MXR20 which provides independently in each pixel information of arrival time, time-over-threshold or event counting. Timepix uses as a time reference an external clock (Ref_Clk) up to 100 MHz which is distributed all over the pixel matrix during acquisition mode. The preamplifier is improved and there is a single discriminator with 4-bit threshold adjustment in order to reduce the minimum detectable charge limit. Measurements show an electrical noise ~100 e- rms and a gain of ~16.5 mV/ke-. The threshold spread after equalization of ~35 e- rms brings the full chip minimum detectable charge either to ~650 e- with a naked chip (i.e. gas detectors) or ~750 e- when bump-bonded to a detector. The pixel static power consumption is ~13.5 μW per pixel with Vdda=2.2 V and Ref_Clk=80 MHz. This family of chips have been used for a wide variety of applications. During these studies a number of limitations have come to light. Among those are limited energy resolution and surface area. Future developments, such as Medipix3, will aim to address those limitations by carefully exploiting developments in microelectronics.Framstegen inom CMOS-teknologin och tekniken för bump bondning har möjliggjort utveckling av högupplösande bilddetektorer för detektering av enskilda röntgenfotoner eller laddade partiklar. Denna avhandling behandlar design och karakterisering av tre pulsräknande utläsningskretsar med 65536 kvadratiska bildelement med storleken 55 x 55 um2. De tre kretsarna, benämnda Medipix2, Mpix2MXR20 och Timepix, delar samma arkitektur och dimensioner. Medipix2 är en utläsningskrets för avbildning med 256 x 256 identiska bildelement som räknar enskilda fotoner utgående från positiva eller negativa laddningspulser. Förförstärkarens återkoppling kompenserar individuellt för läckströmmen i varje bildelement. Ett energifönster kan definieras med hjälp av två identiska diskriminatorkretsar. Varje händelse som faller inom energifönstret räknas i en 13-bitars pseudo-random räknare. Räknaren, utformad som ett skiftregister, fungerar också som in/utregister för varje bildelement. Kretsen kan läsas ut antingen seriellt eller parallellt. Det elektroniska bruset har uppmätts till ~160 e- rms vid en förstärkning av ~9 mV/ke-. Spridningen i tröskelspänning efter justering är ~120 e- rms vilket ger en minsta detekterbar laddningspuls över hela kretsen på ~1100 e-. Den statiska effektförbrukningen i del analoga delen är ~8 mW per bildelement vid Vdda=2,2 V. Mpix2MXR20 är en uppdaterad version av Medipix2. De huvudsakliga förändringarna är: bättre strålningshärdighet, jämnare tröskelvärden och en 14- bitsräknare med overflow. Periferin innehåller också nya DA-omvandlare med mindre steg, förbättrad linjäritet och mindre temperaturberoende. Timepix är en vidareutveckling av Mpix2MXR20 som medger detektering av ankomsttid, time-over-threshold eller pulsräkning individuellt i varje bildelement. Timepix utnyttjar en extern klocka (Ref_Clk) med frekvenser upp till 100 MHz som distribueras över hela bildmatrisen. Förförstärkaren är förbättrad och en enkel diskriminator med 4 bitars tröskeljustering används för att minimera lägsta detekterbara laddningspuls. Mätningar visar ett elektroniskt brus på ~100 e- rms och förstärkningen 16,5 mV/ke-. Med en tröskelspridning på 35 e- rms blir minsta detekterbara laddning för den nakna kretsen (t.ex. i en gasfylld detektor) ~650 eoch för en bondad detektor ~750 e-. Den statiska effektförbrukningen är ~13,5 mV per bildelement vid Vdda=2,2 V och Ref_Clk= 80 MHz. Den här kretsfamiljen har använts i ett antal olika applikationer. Under dessa studier har ett antal begränsningar konstaterats. Bland dessa märks begränsad energiupplösning och begränsad detektorarea. Framtida utvecklingsprojekt, t.ex. Medipix3, kommer att inriktas på att avhjälpa dessa begränsningar genom att utnyttja den senaste utvecklingen på mikroelektronikområdet.
16
Llopart, Cudié Xavier. "Design and characterization of 64K pixels chips working in single photon processing mode /." Sundsvall : Mittuniversitetet, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-45.
Full text
17
Higueret, Stéphane. "Développement d'un dosimètre électronique compact à base de capteurs CMOS pour la mesure du radon." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00391848.
Full textAbstract:
L'exposition du public au gaz radon 222Rn fait l'objet d'une attention croissante. Les méthodes traditionnelles de détection de radon étant soit peu flexibles, soit très chères, cette thèse présente le développement d'un dispositif électronique compact et autonome qui s'appuie sur les progrès récents en microélectronique pour la physique des particules. Le coeur du dispositif est un circuit intégré CMOS original (basse tension, faible consommation) qui assure à la fois les fonctions de capteur et de traitement. Les premiers tests, d'efficacité et en sources de particules alpha, s'appuient sur des simulations détaillées (TRIM, GEANT IV). Différents prototypes de cartes électroniques ont été développés pour d'une part la détection passive de radon à différentes concentrations et d'autre part la détection supplémentaire des descendants sur aérosols 218Po et 214Po qui contribuent de façon importante à l'irradiation α interne".Le système final est une carte miniaturisée au format CB, qui comprend quatre circuits pour la détection simultanée de radon et de ses descendants solides. Une excellente linéarité a été obtenue jusqu'à 80 kBq.m-3 sur le banc de test BACCARA au Laboratoire de Mesure des Aérosols de l‘IRSN à Saclay. Un circuit de deuxième génération est également proposé
18
Soulié, Jérémy. "Synthèse par voie sol-gel et réactivité in vitro de verres bioactifs dopés, mésostructurés et macrostructurés. Caractérisation par micro-faisceaux d'ions." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00612957.
Full textAbstract:
Lorsque les verres bioactifs entrent en contact avec des tissus vivants, une série de réactions physico-chimiques (dissolution, précipitation...) ont lieu à l'interface matériau / os, et conduisent à la formation d'une couche phosphocalcique, dont la composition est proche de la phase minérale de l'os (hydroxyapatite). La couche d'apatite sert de site de minéralisation pour les cellules osseuses, ce qui permet in fine un lien intime entre le verre bioactif et les tissus osseux. Ce lien est caractéristique de la bioactivité, qui peut être modulée via plusieurs paramètres du verre comme la composition en éléments majeurs et traces ou les propriétés texturales (surface spécifique, porosité).Dans ce contexte, nous avons élaboré des verres bioactifs dans des systèmes binaires (SiO2-CaO) et ternaires (SiO2-CaO-P2O5). Ces verres ont été dopés en ions zinc et magnésium via la voie sol-gel. Grâce à l'emploi de tensioactifs, nous avons obtenu des verres mésostructurés. Enfin, en utilisant des méthodes dites " d'opale inverse ", des verres à macroporosité organisée ont été synthétisés. L'influence de ces paramètres sur la réactivité des verres au contact d'un milieu biologique (DMEM) a principalement été étudiée par des techniques utilisant des microfaisceaux d'ions. L'émission X induite par particules chargées (PIXE) combinée à la spectrométrie de rétrodiffusion Rutherford (RBS) a en effet démontré des effets évidents sur la cinétique, l'amplitude et la distribution spatiale des réactions physico-chimiques.
19
Denecker, Thomas. "Bioinformatique et analyse de données multiomiques : principes et applications chez les levures pathogènes Candida glabrata et Candida albicans Functional networks of co-expressed genes to explore iron homeostasis processes in the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata Efficient, quick and easy-to-use DNA replication timing analysis with START-R suite FAIR_Bioinfo: a turnkey training course and protocol for reproducible computational biology Label-free quantitative proteomics in Candida yeast species: technical and biological replicates to assess data reproducibility Rendre ses projets R plus accessibles grâce à Shiny Pixel: a content management platform for quantitative omics data Empowering the detection of ChIP-seq "basic peaks" (bPeaks) in small eukaryotic genomes with a web user-interactive interface A hypothesis-driven approach identifies CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors as candidate drugs for treatments of adrenocortical carcinomas Characterization of the replication timing program of 6 human model cell lines." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASL010.
Full textAbstract:
Plusieurs évolutions sont constatées dans la recherche en biologie. Tout d’abord, les études menées reposent souvent sur des approches expérimentales quantitatives. L’analyse et l’interprétation des résultats requièrent l’utilisation de l’informatique et des statistiques. Également, en complément des études centrées sur des objets biologiques isolés, les technologies expérimentales haut débit permettent l’étude des systèmes (caractérisation des composants du système ainsi que des interactions entre ces composants). De très grandes quantités de données sont disponibles dans les bases de données publiques, librement réutilisables pour de nouvelles problématiques. Enfin, les données utiles pour les recherches en biologie sont très hétérogènes (données numériques, de textes, images, séquences biologiques, etc.) et conservées sur des supports d’information également très hétérogènes (papiers ou numériques). Ainsi « l’analyse de données » s’est petit à petit imposée comme une problématique de recherche à part entière et en seulement une dizaine d’années, le domaine de la « Bioinformatique » s’est en conséquence totalement réinventé. Disposer d’une grande quantité de données pour répondre à un questionnement biologique n’est souvent pas le défi principal. La vraie difficulté est la capacité des chercheurs à convertir les données en information, puis en connaissance. Dans ce contexte, plusieurs problématiques de recherche en biologie ont été abordées lors de cette thèse. La première concerne l’étude de l’homéostasie du fer chez la levure pathogène Candida glabrata. La seconde concerne l’étude systématique des modifications post-traductionnelles des protéines chez la levure pathogène Candida albicans. Pour ces deux projets, des données « omiques » ont été exploitées : transcriptomiques et protéomiques. Des outils bioinformatiques et des outils d’analyses ont été implémentés en parallèle conduisant à l’émergence de nouvelles hypothèses de recherche en biologie. Une attention particulière et constante a aussi été portée sur les problématiques de reproductibilité et de partage des résultats avec la communauté scientifiqueBiological research is changing. First, studies are often based on quantitative experimental approaches. The analysis and the interpretation of the obtained results thus need computer science and statistics. Also, together with studies focused on isolated biological objects, high throughput experimental technologies allow to capture the functioning of biological systems (identification of components as well as the interactions between them). Very large amounts of data are also available in public databases, freely reusable to solve new open questions. Finally, the data in biological research are heterogeneous (digital data, texts, images, biological sequences, etc.) and stored on multiple supports (paper or digital). Thus, "data analysis" has gradually emerged as a key research issue, and in only ten years, the field of "Bioinformatics" has been significantly changed. Having a large amount of data to answer a biological question is often not the main challenge. The real challenge is the ability of researchers to convert the data into information and then into knowledge. In this context, several biological research projects were addressed in this thesis. The first concerns the study of iron homeostasis in the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata. The second concerns the systematic investigation of post-translational modifications of proteins in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. In these two projects, omics data were used: transcriptomics and proteomics. Appropriate bioinformatics and analysis tools were developed, leading to the emergence of new research hypotheses. Particular and constant attention has also been paid to the question of data reproducibility and sharing of results with the scientific community
20
Chen, Wei-Jhong, and 陳韋仲. "Utilization of Shortest-Path Pixel Labeling Algorithm for Video Object Segmentation and its Chip Design." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77746029861625001993.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
電腦與通訊工程所
92
As the advances of the computer technology, the users have changed their information needs from information of simple types to multimedia information. Image segmentation plays an important role in bridging the gap between human perception and computer vision. Basically, image segmentation is the first step toward applications of computer vision, pattern recognition and video compression. In this thesis we present a new segmentation algorithm for color images based on a series of region growing and merging processes using triangle inequality. This algorithm starts with the region growing process, which groups pixels into homogeneous regions by the shortest-path spanning tree technique. Each resulting small region is then merged to the region which is the nearest to it in terms of color similarity and spatial proximity. One problem with region growing is its inherent dependency on the selection of seed region, which can be avoided by using the shortest-path labeling technique. In the proposed video object segmentation algorithm, we use simple frame differences to identify moving pixels, which are detected according to the segmentation results of consecutive frames. The detected moving pixels are then grouped into a video object plane by employing the so-called isolated noise elimination operator. Based on the video object segmentation algorithm, a hardware architecture, which is described by the hardware description language – Verilog and simulated by the Xilinx Foundation is also proposed. We also pay attention to the design of the parallel computation model by pipeling the data path. Experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to other methods for comparison in terms of computational complexity and the data regularity for hardware architecture design.
21
Sung, Wei-Jie, and 宋偉傑. "THE DESIGN OF 180-NM CMOS 256-PIXEL SENSING AND BIPHASIC STIMULATION CHIPS WITH ON-CHIP PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS AND DIVISIONAL POWER SUPPLY SCHEME FOR SUBRETINAL PROSTHESES." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gnd233.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電子工程學系 電子研究所
104
A photovoltaic-cell-powered CMOS 256-pixel implantable chip is proposed for subretinal prostheses. In the proposed chip, the divisional power supply scheme (DPSS) and the active pixel sensor (APS) are adopted to improve the efficiency of output stimulation currents and the image sensitivity. The proposed chip consists of a 16x16 photodiode array with 8 DPSS divisions, control signal generator circuits, and photovoltaic cells. It is designed and fabricated in 180-nm CMOS image sensor (CIS) technology. The chip size is 3mm x 3mm. The DPSS11 measured frequency of eight-phase control signals is 47.68 Hz under signal light intensity of 5 mW/cm2 and background IR intensity of 80 mW/cm2. The measured output stimulation current is 19.9 μA under 10-kΩ load. Under the equivalent electrode impedance load, the measured frequency of eight-phase control signals is 45.45 Hz. The measured peak output stimulation current is 19.52 μA and the amount of injected charges per pixel is 1.1 nC. The DPSS12 measured frequency of eight-phase control signals is 30.2 Hz under signal light intensity of 0.4 mW/cm2 and background IR intensity of 80 mW/cm2. The measured output stimulation current is 19.95 μA under 10-kΩ load. Under the equivalent electrode impedance load, the measured frequency of eight-phase control signals is 30.2 Hz. The measured peak output stimulation current is 19.84 μA and the amount of injected charges per pixel is 1.64 nC. The measurement results have verified the correct function of the proposed subretinal implant chip. DPSS11—CMOS CIS 256-pixel subretinal chip version I DPSS12-- CMOS CIS 256-pixel subretinal chip version II
22
Su, Chao-Kuei, and 蘇釗逵. "The design of 65-nm cmos 64-pixel sensing and biphasic stimulation chips with on-chip solar cells and divisional power supply scheme for implanted subretinal prostheses." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9tcq9r.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電子工程學系 電子研究所
102
In this thesis, a solar-cell powered CMOS current stimulation chip and an implant system for subretinal prostheses are proposed and analyzed. The chip structure is based on the proposed Divisional Power Supply Scheme (DPSS) to improve the efficiency of output stimulation current. N+/P-well photodiode structure with floating P-substrate and NMOSET in P-well with floating deep n-well (DNW) are adopted to prevent photocurrent leakage and enable CMOS devices integration in twin-well CMOS technology with DNW structure. The experimental chips consists of three 8×8 photodiode array with 4 and 8 divisions and control signal generator circuits. The experimental chips has been designed and fabricated in TSMC 0.18um and 65nm CMOS standard process technology respectively. The final chip size is 2.8 mm×2.8 mm. The measured frequency of four eight phase control signals is 189 Hz with the clock frequency of 1.5 kHz under 80mW/cm2 of signal light intensity and 40mW/cm2 of background IR. The measured output biphasic stimulation current is 9.9
23
LIU, KUNG-CHIN, and 劉功勤. "Study of the Pixel-Value Differencing Steganalysis Based on Chi-Square Attack." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ra4sg7.
Full text
24
Ackers, Mario [Verfasser]. "Entwurf und Charakterisierung des ATLAS-Pixel-Front-End-Chips FED in strahlenharter DMILL-Technologie / vorgelegt von Mario Ackers." 2001. http://d-nb.info/966396987/34.
Full text
25
Kuo, Yu-Ting, and 郭昱廷. "Co-seismic ground slips deduced from sub-pixel correlation of aerial photos: a case of 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake (Mw 7.6) at Tsaotun." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92795074024337072064.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
地質科學研究所
94
When an earthquake occurs close to an urban area, it is easy to cause the collapse of buildings and other damages following by the surface rupture. It also results in unpredictable disasters. In order to estimate the amount of damages following by an earthquake, it is important to understand how an earthquake causes the surface rupture. Furthermore, the surface rupture is closely related to the underground fault geometry and subsurface structure. Thus it is necessary to obtain detail and continuous inter-seismic or co-seismic ground slips to study surface rupture fault and fault geometry. On Sep. 21, 1999, Mw 7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake occurred in Taiwan. It causes many damages at the area of surface rupture. At the Tsaotun area, the surface rupture always occured along the Chelungpu fault (CLPF). In addition, about 2km from the east of CLPF, there was an Ailiao fault (ALF) which also created some surface deformation, thus there should be changes in co-seismic ground displacement. In previous study, a more complete measurement of the co-seismic ground displacement was retrieved from sub-pixel correlation of SPOT satellite images. The displacement distribution was used to study the surface deformation and underground geometry of the CLPF structure. However, it cannot accurately locate the position of surface rupture of CLPF and there were no obvious changes in displacement on ALF due to the low resolution of SPOT images. In this study, the high-resolution aerial photographs are used for analysis. This study also uses orthorectification to eliminate the distortion from the topography and sub-pixel correlation to compare and analyze orthor-images, and then obtain more accurate co-semic surface displacement. The result clearly shows the location of surface rupture of CLPF and the obvious change in horizontal displacement on ALF. By east-west profiles, the changes in horizontal displacement were 4.5~5.5 meters toward west and 3~4 meters toward north cross the CLPF, and the changes of the northern segment was greater than the southern one. The changes in horizontal displacement were only 1~2 meters toward west cross the ALF, the changes zone of the southern segment was shorter than the northern one, and the greatest change was appeared in the middle of the southern segment. Therefore, the dip of northern segment was bigger than the southern one on the CLPF plan at Tsaotun, and closed to the result from level elevation changes. Further, the angle of subsurface plane should be an obvious change in the middle of the southern segment. This study applies sub-pixel correlation to the higher resolution aerial images and provides a more accurate result than the SPOT images can. In addition to the discussion of the relationship between the fault and its underground geometric structure, this method may be able to produce the surface displacement even in the area with smaller earthquakes.
26
Huang, Shih-Yun, and 黃詩芸. "The Design of 180-nm CMOS 256-Pixel Sensing and Biphasic Current Stimulation Chips with Bidirectional-Sharing Electrodes and Charge Pump for Subretinal Prosthesis." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/eq66hv.
Full text
27
Liao, Jung-Hsing, and 廖容興. "THE DESIGN OF 180-NM CMOS 480-PIXEL SENSING AND BIPHASIC CURRENT STIMULATION CHIPS WITH FOUR DIRECTIONAL SHARING ELECTRODES AND CHARGE PUMP FOR SUBRETINAL PROSTHESIS." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9u4376.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電子研究所
106
A photovoltaic-cell-powered CMOS 480-pixel implantable chip is proposed for subretinal prostheses. In the proposed chip, the divisional power supply scheme (DPSS) and the active pixel sensor (APS) are adopted to improve the efficiency of output stimulation currents and the image sensitivity. The proposed chip consists of totally 480 photodiode array with 32 DPSS divisions, control signal generator circuits, and photovoltaic cells. It is designed and fabricated in 180-nm CMOS image sensor (CIS) technology. The chip size is 3.1mm x 3.1mm. At first, the chip have not any output function. After FIB, this chip measured frequency of 32-phase control signals is 30 Hz under signal light intensity of 505.4 lux and background IR intensity of 94 mW/cm2. The measured output stimulation current is 9.0 μA under 10-kΩ load. Under the equivalent electrode impedance load, the measured frequency of 32-phase control signals is 38 Hz. The measured peak output stimulation current is 9.0 μA and the amount of injected charges per pixel is 9.8 nC. The measurement results have verified the correct function of the proposed subretinal implant chip after FIB.