Journal articles: 'Pius V'

1

Gumbley., Walter. "SAINT PIUS V AND THE SACRED COLLEGE." New Blackfriars 21, no. 224 (June 28, 2008): 440–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2005.1940.tb07768.x.

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De Jong, Jan L. "Monuments of Meditation and Propaganda. The tombs of Popes Pius III and Pius V." Incontri. Rivista europea di studi italiani 32, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/incontri.10214.

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Hardie, Jane Morlet. "Proto-Mensural Notation in Pre-Pius V Spanish Liturgical Sources." Studia Musicologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 39, no. 2/4 (1998): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/902533.

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Prijatelj Pavičić, Ivana. "Prilog poznavanju zastupljenosti i rasprostranjenosti ikonografski srodnih oltarnih slika s prikazom Gospe od Ružarija s likovima savezničkih vladara na području istočnog Jadrana, južne Italije i Provanse." Ars Adriatica 8, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/ars.2757.

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This article analyses iconographically analogous altar paintings showing Our Lady of the Rosary with rulers from the Holy League of Pope Pius V, situated in the areas of Eastern Adriatic, South Italy, Provence, and the Maritime Alps.

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Saha, Subro. "Book Reviews: Pius V Thomas: Knowledge,Theorization and Rights: Negotiating the Connectives." SALESIAN JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.51818/sjhss.07.2016.143-146.

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Wurtz, Michael B. "Beyond Pius V: Conflicting Interpretations of the Liturgical Reform by Andrea Grillo." Antiphon: A Journal for Liturgical Renewal 19, no. 1 (2015): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/atp.2015.0007.

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Mühlberghuber, Michael. "Die Abwesenheit des Pontifex maximus Q. Metellus Pius (79–71 v. Chr.)." Römische Historische Mitteilungen 1 (2019): 15–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/rhm60s15.

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Hunt, John M. "Holy war and hagiography: views of the Ottoman Turks in the earlyviteof Pius V." Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies 24, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14701847.2018.1438071.

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Pattenden, Miles. "Antonio de Fuenmayor's Life of Pius V: A pope in early modern Spanish historiography." Renaissance Studies 32, no. 2 (January 27, 2017): 183–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rest.12276.

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Łopatecki, Karol. "PROBLEMY Z OBSADZENIEM NUNCJATURY W POLSCE (XI 1935 – V 1937)." Zeszyty Prawnicze 13, no. 1 (December 14, 2016): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2013.13.1.05.

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PROBLEMS WITH THE APPOINTMENT OF THE PAPAL NUNCIO TO POLAND, NOVEMBER 1935 – APRIL 1937SummaryThe article describes the appointment of Filippo Cortesi to the office of papal nuncio to the Republic of Poland, and reviews the role of the Polish diplomats accredited to the Holy See in this process. The appointment of a nuncio following the departure of Francesco Marmaggi was extremely complicated. The list of candidates was the resultant of a number of factors. The individuals whose names were on it had used influence with the pope, the Vatican’s secretary of state, or former nuncios to Warsaw. Both the Polish government and the bishops of Poland had a say in the final outcome. In addition there was also the volatile political situation in Europe at the time, especially in Spain and Yugoslavia, which exerted an effect on the process. In June 1936 Carlo Chiarlo received the nomination for the office. However, the unanimously negative position of the Conference of the Bishops of Poland, especially Cardinals Kakowski and Hlond, stopped the appointment at the last moment. The Polish Government did not want Ermenegildo Pellegrinetti to be appointed and tried to prevent it, considering Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli the ideal candidate. Eventually Pius XI appointed Filippo Cortesi, formerly nuncio to Argentina.

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Ditchfield, Simon. "Text before trowel: Antonio Bosio’s Roma sotterranea revisited." Studies in Church History 33 (1997): 343–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400013334.

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Before returning home to his royal master, the ambassador of Poland went to say farewell to the reigning Pope, Pius V. They met in St Peter’s Square, where the ambassador asked for a relic to take back with him to Poland. In reply, the pontiff bent down and took earth from the square with both his hands and placed it in a handkerchief, before handing it to the understandably bemused Pole with the reassurance that this was no ordinary earth but that mixed with the blood of Christian martyrs (nobis notum omnino erat, Vaticanum pulverem Martyrum sanguine plenum esse). The earth then proceeded to bleed, staining the handkerchief to the wonder and amazement of all present.

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Cheney, Liana De Girolami. "Giorgio Vasari, Saint Thomas of Aquinas and the Heretics In the Chapel of Pius V: A New Discovery." Explorations in Renaissance Culture 39, no. 1 (December 2, 2013): 111–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23526963-90000442.

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13

Muller, Aislinn. "Transmitting and Translating the Excommunication of Elizabeth I." Studies in Church History 53 (May 26, 2017): 210–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/stc.2016.13.

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In 1570 Pope Pius V issued the bull Regnans in Excelsis, which excommunicated Queen Elizabeth I, deprived her of her right to rule, and released her subjects from obedience to her. This article attempts to trace the transmission of Regnans in Excelsis in the English realms during Elizabeth's reign, considering where possible the bull's publication and dispatch to different courts in Europe. It assesses efforts to distribute both publications of the excommunication, in 1570 and 1580, and what the continuity of these efforts suggests about the bull's reception amongst Elizabeth's subjects. By tracing literal translations of the bull and persistent attempts to smuggle it into the English realm, it also argues that Elizabeth's excommunication was of greater importance to her subjects than has previously been supposed.

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Civale, Gianclaudio. "“Dextere sinistram vertere”: Jesuits as Military Chaplains in the Papal Expeditionary Force to France (1569–70); Discipline, Moral Reform, and Violence." Journal of Jesuit Studies 4, no. 4 (August 8, 2017): 559–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00404002.

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In 1569, Pius v dispatched an expeditionary force to assist the royal armies in the Third War of Religion in France. This was the background against which the Jesuit Antonio Possevino, commissioned by Superior General Francisco de Borja and the militant pope himself, published Il soldato christiano, a short book that outlined a spiritual model of the disciplined soldier, far from previous heroic and aristocratic archetypes. Copies of the catechism were distributed to the officers and chaplains who accompanied the contingent. This essay aims to analyze the conditions in which the papal military intervention in France was conceived and the effects of Jesuit catechesis on the men who made up the papal army, as well as their reactions to this encroachment of “confessionalization” into the profession of arms.

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Davis, Maxine, Melissa Jonson-Reid, Charles Dahm, Bruno Fernandez, Charles Stoops, and Bushra Sabri. "The Men’s Group at St. Pius V: A Case Study of a Parish-Based Voluntary Partner Abuse Intervention Program." American Journal of Men's Health 14, no. 1 (January 2020): 155798831989128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988319891287.

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Literature on Latino men and intervention for intimate partner violence/abuse (IPV/A) is slim. Over 100 men have voluntarily sought help for IPV/A perpetration from “The Men’s Group” (TMG) at St. Pius V parish in Chicago, IL (US) and remained engaged for extended periods. Given the rarity of prolonged non-court mandated engagement in batterer intervention programs (BIPs), a case study was conducted to explore how TMG functions. Drawing on multiple data sources, this study examined development and implementation of TMG, while also investigating contextual factors, motivators and facilitators of participants’ involvement. Data revealed that TMG functions within a supportive community context by using a mixture of traditional techniques and innovative practices, creating a unique treatment modality. The program was found to be culturally-sensitive and spirituality-based. Reasons for initial attendance varied but included: (1) fear of losing or actual loss of their partner/family; (2) acknowledging a problem and desiring to change for self or others; and (3) a desire to reach inner peace. Three themes shed light on why men remain engaged in TMG, including: (1) being met with respect by facilitators; (2) experiencing TMG as “family”; and (3) gaining benefits. Reliance upon the criminal justice system is not enough to address IPV/A perpetration. This program shows promise as an alternative or supplement to traditional BIPs, which typically rely on clients being court-mandated to attend treatment. Given the widespread nature of IPV/A, understanding the operation of potential community-based alternatives or supplements to BIPs is critical in widening access to treatment.

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Preston, Patrick. "St Pius V (1504–72) and Sta Caterina De’ Ricci (1523–90): Two Ways of Being a Saint in Counter-Reformation Italy." Studies in Church History 47 (2011): 208–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400000978.

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Recent students of the Counter-Reformation in Italy have not neglected the subject of sanctity. For example, one such student, Peter Burke, has dealt with it in a general and theoretical way, while others, such as Gabriella Zarri, have concentrated on certain classes of saints, in her case female saints and beatae. Scholars, however, whose interests are in the particular rather than the general, have tended to prefer to study the lives and times of individual saints, and the perceptions of them by their contemporaries. A different approach altogether has been to study a particular aspect of sanctity, such as hagiography or canonization. Similarly, some scholars have concentrated on the salient aspects of the contribution that particular individuals made to the work of the Church militant, for example church reform in the case of Charles Borromeo or the repression of heresy in that of Michele Ghislieri.

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Yudono, Kristophorus Divinanto Adi. "Preferensi Modalitas Belajar Vark Siswa Sekolah Dasar Kelas III." Jurnal Ilmiah KONTEKSTUAL 3, no. 01 (August 31, 2021): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.46772/kontekstual.v3i01.480.

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Kegiatan belajar yang tidak sesuai dengan gaya belajar siswa, dapat membawa dampak negatif bagi proses belajar siswa. Penelitian bertujuan untuk, (1) mendeskripsikan pola preferensi gaya belajar siswa, dan (2) memberikan rekomendasi kegiatan belajar yang sesuai dengan gaya belajar siswa. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner VARK 8.01 yang dimodifikasi agar sesuai untuk siswa sekolah dasar. Responden penelitian adalah 21 siswa kelas III yang terdiri dari 7 siswa laki-laki dan 14 siswa perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beragam pola gaya belajar siswa, dengan 10 siswa bergaya belajar dominan visual [V], 5 siswa bergaya belajar dominan auditori [A], 1 siswa bergaya belajar dominan read/write [R], dan 1 siswa bergaya belajar dominan kinestetik [K]. Kelas III SD Pius Bakti Utama Kutoarjo didominasi siswa yang menyukai kegiatan belajar dengan melibatkan unsur penglihatan, seperti melihat gambar atau suatu tindakan. Meskipun demikian, guru perlu memfasilitasi seluruh gaya belajar siswa, dengan merancang kegiatan belajar yang sesuai dengan karakteristik gaya belajar visual, auditori, read/write, dan kinestetik. Kegiatan yang memfasilitasi seluruh gaya belajar dapat diterapkan pada pembelajaran tematik integratif.

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18

Witte, E. "V. Viaene, Belgium and the Holy See from Gregory XVI to Pius IX (1831-1859). Catholic revival, society and politics in 19th-century Europe." BMGN - Low Countries Historical Review 118, no. 4 (January 1, 2003): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/bmgn-lchr.5957.

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19

Ciappara, Frans. "Disciplining Diversity: The Roman Inquisition and Social Control in Malta, 1743–98." Studies in Church History 43 (2007): 354–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400003338.

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Having lost northern Europe to the Protestants the Catholic Church tried to preserve control over what remained of therespublica Christiana. The attempt was twofold. First, it was political. The popes declared the entire Catholic world for their diocese. The government of the Christian peoples’, Pius V observed, ‘belongs to Us and We should see that they are governed with charity’. Second, the popes admitted that the Reformation had been the result partly of the religious and spiritual shortcomings of the Church itself and tried to make the requisite internal reforms. The Council of Trent defined Catholic doctrine and anathemized whoever disagreed with it. Seminaries were set up to train the clergy while the lay population was held under tight control. The Jesuits and the Office of the Holy Roman Inquisition were the main instruments of discipline. In this article I will explore the ways in which the Holy Office impinged on Maltese society during the time of the last eight inquisitors. Fortunately the archive deposits of the Inquisition in Malta are nearly complete and the recent opening of the Vatican archives has added further to our knowledge of the Maltese Holy Office.

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20

Bull, Martin. "Pius XII. The hound of Hitler. By Gerard Noel. Pp. v+220+4 plates. London–New York: Continuum, 2008. £14.99 (paper). 978 1 4411 3629 9." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 62, no. 1 (December 14, 2010): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046910002836.

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21

Moos, Carlo. "David I. Kertzer, Der erste Stellvertreter. Papst Pius XI. und der geheime Pakt mit dem Faschismus. Aus dem Engl. übers. v. Martin Richter. Darmstadt, Theiss 2016." Historische Zeitschrift 306, no. 3 (June 5, 2018): 905–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hzhz-2018-1265.

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Chadwick, Owen. "Pius XII. und Deutschland. By Michael F. Feldkamp. (Kleine Reihe V&R, 4026.) Pp. 240. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 2000. DM 29.80 (paper). 3 525 34026 5." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 52, no. 03 (July 2001): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046901787398.

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Taha Al-Rudaini, Youssef Abdel Karim, Saddam Khalifa Obaid, and Ahmed Ali Abdullah. "The Ottoman-Austrian conflict over Hungary 1566-1592 AD Prof." Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities 29, no. 8, 2 (August 24, 2022): 258–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.29.8.2.2022.14.

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This research aims to know the history of the Ottoman-Austrian conflict over Hungary during the period between (1566-1592 AD), as this conflict was part of the conflict that extended from the Ottoman Empire and the Roman Empire throughout the sixteenth century AD, and the research period begins since the death of the Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent in 1566 AD until 1592 AD. The research included an introduction, a historical introduction, three sections and a conclusion. The introduction came with a historical presentation of what is within the research. 1. Sultan Selim II, who assumed power after the death of his father, Suleiman the Magnificent, did not possess his father’s competence and political and military capabilities, and because of the difficult internal and external conditions that he faced, made him unqualified from the beginning to continue his father’s expansionist policy in the Balkans. a. Through the study, it became clear to us that the great European alliance led by Pope Pius V is nothing but an attempt to gather and mobilize a large European, and make the conflict religious with distinction, but this mobilization did not affect militarily or politically on the Ottoman Empire. p. Through our assessment of what happened in Hungary, an important fact became clear to us that the presence of the Ottoman military did not represent an occupation as much as it represented the preservation of civil peace and the protection of the population from the repeated Austrian attacks.

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MORONEY, DAVITT. "Alessandro Striggio's Mass in Forty and Sixty Parts." Journal of the American Musicological Society 60, no. 1 (2007): 1–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jams.2007.60.1.1.

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Abstract It has been known for twenty-five years that Alessandro Striggio the elder, the most important composer at the Medici court in Florence in the 1560s and 1570s, wrote a setting of the Ordinary of the Mass in forty parts, with an Agnus Dei in sixty parts, but the piece has always been thought lost. This major artwork from the high Florentine Renaissance does in fact survive (F-Pn, Rés. Vmd. ms 52). Entitled Missa sopra Ecco sìì beato giorno, it is Striggio's most imposing composition, and underlines the early eminence of Florence in the art of massive polychoral writing. The last movement is indeed in sixty real parts. The Mass also appears to have been used by the Medici as a political tool in the art of cultural diplomacy. Offered in January 1567 to Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II at exactly the moment when Cosimo de' Medici was seeking approval from Maximilian of a royal title (granted finally as “Grand Duke” by Pope Pius V in 1569), the Mass was also performed by Lassus's colleagues in Munich and under Striggio's direction at court in France, a few weeks before he visited the court of Queen Elizabeth I in London in June 1567. The links with Striggio's forty-part motet Ecce beatam lucem and with Thomas Tallis's Spem in alium, are discussed, as are the reasons why the source of the Mass remained unknown throughout the twentieth century.

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Spivakovsky, Erika, and Kenneth M. Setton. "The Papacy and the Levant, 1204-1571. Volume 3, The Sixteenth Century to the Reign of Julius III; volume 4, The Sixteenth Century from Julius III to Pius V." American Historical Review 91, no. 1 (February 1986): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1867248.

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Morgan, J. D. "Suetonius' Dedication to Septicius Clarus." Classical Quarterly 36, no. 2 (December 1986): 544–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800012350.

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The recent revival of scholarly interest in Suetonius provides a good occasion to emend a long-standing crux in Joannes Lydus' description (De Mag. 2.6) of Suetonius' dedication of his Vitae Caesarum to his friend the praetorian prefect Septicius Clarus. The codex unicus Caseolinus (Parisinus suppl. gr. 257, s. X/XI) has Τράγκυλλος τοίνυν τοὺς τ⋯ν Καισάων βίους ⋯ν γράμμασιν † ⋯ποτίνων † Σεπτικίῳ, ὃς ἦν ὓπαρχος τ⋯ν πραιτωριαν⋯ν σπειρ⋯ν ⋯πì αὐτο⋯. The conjectures ⋯ποτείνων by J. D. Fuss and ὑποτείνων by I. Bekker do little to improve the sense, and although W. Kroll's προτείνων gives the meaning required by the context (cf. Aristophanes, Plut. 1019), προ- would not easily have been misread as ⋯πο-.For ⋯ποτίνων read ⋯νατείνων. For parallels compare BGU ii (1898), 613.3–4 'Ανέτινα ( = 'Ανέτεινα) βιβλ[ίδι]α τῷ λαμπροτάτῳ [⋯γεμόνι] in a papyrus from the reign of Antoninus Pius cited by LSJ, and several other passages, most of which I owe to the supplement to Preisigke and Kiessling's Wörterbuch der griechischen Papyrusurkunden and to Dr Francisco R. Adrados of the Diccionario Griego-Español: Sammelbuch x (1971), 10527.5–7 ['Ανέτε]ινά σοι, κ[ύριε,]…⋯ναφόρ[ιον… of a.d. 152–3, P. Fouad iii (1939), 26.5–10 (cf. Sammelbuch v (1934), 8252.5–10) Οὗ ⋯νέτινάσυ ( = ⋯νέτεινά σοι)τῷ κυρίῳ βιβλιδίου…⋯ντίγραφον ὑπέταξα of a.d. 157–9, P. Oslo. iii (1936), 80.21 οὗ ⋯νέτιναν (read ⋯νέτειναν) βιβλιδί[ου…written sometime after March 7, a.d. 161, Sammelbuch iv (1931) 7472.3 'Ανέτεινά [σοι, κύριε ⋯πίτροπε, βιβλείδιον of a.d. 164, Sammelbuch vi.3 (1961) 9339.24–7 (cf. a second copy in P. Fouad iii (1939) 13.5–7) οὗ ⋯νετείναμεν τῷ [κρατίσῳ ⋯τρχιερεῖ Oὐ]λπίῳ Σερηνιανῷ βιβλιδίου…[…⋯] ντίγραφον ὑπετάξαμεν from a.d. 178 or a little later, P. Mich. xii (1971) 616.13–14 τ⋯ δίκαιά μου βιβλειδίῳ ⋯νγράψασ ⋯νέτεινα Νεμεσιανῷ ὅπωσ τα[⋯]τα διαπέμψηται[τῷ ⋯]πιτρόπῳ from ca. a.d. 182, P. Cornell 14.2–4 οὗ ⋯νέτει[να τῷ κρατίστῳ ⋯πιστρ]ατηγῷ Κλαυδίῳ [Ξενοφ⋯ντι βιβλδίο]υ from a.d. 180–92, Wilcken, Chrestomathie (1912) 461.3–5 О[ὗ ⋯νέ]τεινα τῷ λαμπροτάτῳ [⋯γεμόνΚ]υίντω[ι] Μαικίωι λαιτίωι βιβλιδίου…⋯ντίγραφον ὑ[ποτάξασ] from the beginning of the third century, and Sammelbuch v (1934), 8246.3–4 αἱ συνηγερούμεναι λιβέλλον ⋯νέτιναν (= ⋯νέτιναν) ⋯π⋯ τ⋯ν ἔπαρχον (the author should have written ⋯παρχικ⋯ν) ⋯ξουσίαν from a.d. 340.

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Dudley, Edward G., Cecilia Abe, Jean-Marc Ghigo, Patricia Latour-Lambert, Juan Carlos Hormazabal, and James P. Nataro. "An IncI1 Plasmid Contributes to the Adherence of the Atypical Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Strain C1096 to Cultured Cells and Abiotic Surfaces." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 4 (April 2006): 2102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.74.4.2102-2114.2006.

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ABSTRACT Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is defined by a characteristic “stacked-brick” aggregative adherence (AA) pattern to cultured cells. In well-studied EAEC prototype strains (called typical EAEC strains), the AA phenotype requires aggregative adherence fimbriae (AAFs). However, previous studies suggest that known AAF alleles are not found in all EAEC strains. To define mechanisms contributing to adherence in an atypical strain, we studied EAEC strain C1096. An E. coli K12 derivative carrying two plasmids, designated pSERB1 and pSERB2, from C1096 adhered to cell lines and exhibited an AA pattern. Nucleotide sequence analysis of pSERB1 indicated that it is related to plasmids of the IncI1 incompatibility group. These plasmids encode genes involved in pilus-mediated conjugal transfer, as well as pilL-V, which encodes a second pilus of the type IV family. Insertional inactivation of the gene predicted to encode the major type IV pilin subunit (pilS) reduced conjugal transfer of the plasmid by 4 orders of magnitude. Adherence of the mutant strain to polystyrene and to HT29 cells was reduced by approximately 21% and 75%, respectively. In a continuous-flow microfermentor, the pilS inactivation reduced mature biofilm formation on a glass slide by approximately 50%. In addition, the simultaneous presence of both pSERB1 and pSERB2 plasmids promoted pilS-independent biofilm formation. We conclude that the IncI1 plasmid of EAEC C1096 encodes a type IV pilus that contributes to plasmid conjugation, epithelial cell adherence, and adherence to abiotic surfaces. We also observe that AA can be mediated by factors distinct from AAF adhesins.

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FRIEND, D. W., H. L. TRENHOLM, D. B. PRELUSKY, K. E. HARTIN, and B. K. THOMPSON. "EFFECT OF DEOXYNIVALENOL (DON)-CONTAMINATED DIET FED TO GROWING-FINISHING PIGS ON THEIR PERFORMANCE AT MARKET WEIGHT, NITROGEN RETENTION AND DON EXCRETION." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 66, no. 4 (December 1, 1986): 1075–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas86-118.

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In a feeding experiment, a total of 64 pigs (16–18 kg body weight) were assigned to four experimental diets. Three diets contained 70% wheat, one with clean wheat (C), another with DON-contaminated wheat (V) and the third a 50:50 mixture of the clean and contaminated wheats (CV). The fourth diet, included for comparative purposes only, was a barley-corn-soybean meal diet (PC). The DON content of each diet was 0.0, 0.0, 2.89 and 5.26 mg kg−1, respectively. Pigs were penned individually and offered the diets ad libitum until reaching 90 ± 5 kg body weight: a necropsy was conducted on each pig. In a metabolism trial, seven pairs of littermate barrows were fed two of the experimental diets (C and V). Feed and water allowances were based upon the voluntary intake (twice daily) of the littermate offered diet V. During a 5-d period, feces and urine were collected separately and samples taken for subsequent nitrogen and DON analyses. Pigs fed diet PC reached market weight earlier than those fed the other diets. Feed consumption and weight gain by the C and CV pigs were almost identical and these pigs averaged 9 d earlier to market weight than those fed diet V. Pigs reacted to the contaminated diets by an immediate and typical reduction of feed intake: although by the second week these feed intakes had improved, appetite and weight gain differences established in the first week persisted throughout the experiment. Increasing dietary intake of DON increased liver, kidney and uterus weights at necropsy, but the increases were not significant (P > 0.05). There was considerable variation in feed acceptance among pigs offered diet V in the metabolism trial. Those pigs rejecting diet V were not used, hence the pigs finally retained could not comprise a truly random sample. The fecal and urinary N output by pigs fed diet V was higher (P < 0.01) than that of pigs fed diet C but N retention was greater in the V pigs, due possibly to the higher N content of diet V. However, N retention as a percentage of N intake did not differ significantly between the two diets. Based upon the urinary recovery of DON and metabolite DON-1, at least 67% of the DON ingested was absorbed, a fact suggesting an explanation for the pig's sensitivity to DON. Key words: Pigs, N retention, deoxynivalenol, urinary-DON, metabolism, feeding

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Bertram, Mark J., Steve J. Kitt, and Keith Kinsely. "PSVI-14 Impact of Bacillus Subtilis and Bacillus Licheniformis on Weaning Weight and Subsequent Performance, Health and Immune Parameters When Challenged with PRRSV with and Without PRRS Vaccination." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_2 (April 12, 2022): 160–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.274.

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Abstract A study was conducted examining the impact of feeding BioPlus 2B to PRRSV naïve sows during gestation and lactation on litter performance and on post-weaning performance when challenged with PRRSV in vaccinated and unvaccinated pigs. A total of 108 sows were allotted by parity and received a control diet (C) or BioPlus 2B (B2B) supplemented diet beginning a minimum of 31 d prior to farrowing through weaning. Pig weight was measured at birth and 17 d of age. At weaning, a subset of 200 pigs from each treatment were transported to a nursery and randomly allotted within dietary treatment on day 1 to a control (-V) or Ingelvac PRRS MLV vaccine (+V), establishing treatments of C+V, C-V, B2B+V, and B2B-V. On d 21, all pigs were intramuscularly challenged with a 1-18-2 PRRS virus. Growth rate and feed intake were monitored, serological and immune measures were recorded on d 21, 28, 35 and 42, post-weaning and on d 42 gross lung lesions were recorded. Pigs from sows receiving B2B tended (P < 0.10) to weigh more at 17 d of age and 21 d post-weaning (Table 1). Prior to challenge, there were no performance differences among treatments. Post challenge, there was a V x B2B interaction with C+V, B2B+V and B2B-V pigs having higher ADG and FG (P < .05) compared with C-V. On day 42, pigs fed B2B displayed improved lung lesion scores (P < 0.05) regardless of vaccine status. PRRSV viremia, measured by PCR and qPCR decreased more quickly when pigs consumed B2B (P < 0.05). Additionally, B2B modulated PRRSV specific T-cell interferon gamma production (P < 0.05). In conclusion, pigs consuming B2B from sows fedB2B were heavier at weaning and when subjected to a PRRSV challenge post-weaning, grew faster, were more efficient, and had reduced gross lung lesions, likely due to changes in immune function.

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Dunshea, F. R., D. K. Kerton, P. D. Cranwell, R. G. Campbell, B. P. Mullan, R. H. King, and J. R. Pluske. "Interactions between weaning age, weaning weight, sex, and enzyme supplementation on growth performance of pigs." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 53, no. 8 (2002): 939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar01197.

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Digestive capacity of early-weaned pigs may be insufficient to fully digest many ingredients currently used in weaner diets. The aim of this experiment was to determine whether an exogenous enzyme preparation with broad carbohydrase activity could benefit pigs that developmentally might be immature at weaning, especially with regard to gastrointestinal development. Eighty Large White × Landrace pigs were used in a 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment with the factors being: weaning age (14 or 24 days), weaning weight (heavy or light), sex (boar or gilt), and dietary Biofeed Plus CT (0 or 500 μg/g) which contained fungal xylanases, pentosanases and β-glucanases. Pigs were housed individually and given a wheat-based (550 g/kg) diet containing 15.0 MJ DE and 15.9 g lysine/kg on an ad libitum basis for 21 days. The diet also contained 50 g/kg of soybean meal and 50 g/kg of lupin (Lupinus�angustifolius) kernels. The liveweights of heavy (H) pigs weaned at 24 or 14 days and light pigs (L) weaned at 24 or 14 days were 7.9 and 5.3 and 5.2 and 3.9 kg, respectively. Pigs weaned at 14 days grew slower (157 v. 345 g/day) than those weaned at 24 days, although there was a suggestion of an interaction between age and weight at weaning (P = 0.081). Thus, H and L pigs weaned at 14 days grew at 148 and 166 g/day, whereas H and L pigs weaned at 24 days grew at 374 and 315 g/day, respectively. Although there was no main effect of enzymes on daily gain (248 v. 254 g/day, P = 0.80), feed intake (278 v. 284 g/day, P = 0.79), or feed conversion ratio (1.19 v. 1.25, P�=�0.35), there were interactions with weaning age on daily gain (P = 0.050) and feed intake (P = 0.060). Pigs weaned at 14 days grew slower (176 v. 138 g/day) and ate less (206 v. 174 g/day), whereas pigs weaned at 24 days grew faster (321 v. 369 g/day) and ate more (351 v. 394 g/day), when supplemented with enzymes. During the third week after weaning there were interactions between dietary enzymes and sex (P = 0.060) and dietary enzymes and age (P = 0.023) on daily gain. Thus, pigs weaned at 24 days and supplemented with Biofeed Plus CT grew more quickly during the third week (559 v. 460 g/day), whereas the converse was true for pigs weaned at 14 days (286 v. 334 g/day). Also, enzyme-supplemented boars grew better over this period (457 v. 371 g/day), whereas the converse was true for gilts (388 v. 423 g/day). In conclusion, these data clearly indicate that the greatest determinant of post-weaning performance under the present conditions was the age of the pigs at weaning. Dietary enzyme supplementation appeared most efficacious in boars weaned at an older age, although benefits did not become apparent until 2 weeks after weaning.

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Fritsch, Gerhard. "Nobelpreis für Klaus v. Klitzing: Quantisierter Hallwiderstand zweidimensionaler Elektronensysteme." Physik in unserer Zeit 16, no. 6 (1985): 194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/piuz.19850160605.

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Farmer, Ryan L., and Samuel Y. Kim. "Difference score reliabilities within the RIAS‐2 and WISC‐V." Psychology in the Schools 57, no. 8 (March 27, 2020): 1273–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pits.22369.

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BRONDANI, Gilvano Ebling, Ivar WENDLING, Delmar SANTIN, Eliziane Luiza BENEDETTI, Luís Fernando ROVEDA, and Alessandro Góis ORRUTÉA. "AMBIENTE DE ENRAIZAMENTO E SUBSTRATOS NA MINIESTAQUIA DE ERVA-MATE." Scientia Agraria 8, no. 3 (October 13, 2007): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rsa.v8i3.9540.

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Devido à falta de um método que possibilite a propagação vegetativa da erva-mate de forma eficiente, foi conduzido na Embrapa Florestas, um estudo com objetivo de avaliar o efeito do ambiente de enraizamento e composições de substrato na sobrevivência, enraizamento e crescimento de miniestacas de erva-mate. As brotações foram coletadas de minicepas produzidas via semente e manejadas em sistema semi-hidropônico. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento blocos ao acaso no arranjo bifatorial, sendo os níveis constituídos de seis diferentes composições de substratos: S1 - substrato para enraizamento a base de casca de Pinus, S2 - substrato para enraizamento a base de casca de Pinus e vermiculita, S3 - casca de arroz carbonizada + vermiculita fina + substrato para enraizamento a base de casca de Pinus e vermiculita (1:1:1 v/v), S4 - casca de arroz carbonizada + substrato para enraizamento a base de casca de Pinus e vermiculita (1:1 v/v), S5 - casca de arroz carbonizada + vermiculita fina (1:1 v/v) e S6 - fibra de coco e, dois ambientes de enraizamento: casa de vegetação automatizada e casa de vegetação simples. Independente das variáveis analisadas, a casa de vegetação com controle de umidade e temperatura foi superior a casa de vegetação sem controle. O uso do substrato casca de arroz carbonizada + substrato para enraizamento a base de casca de Pinus e vermiculita (1:1 v/v) é aconselhado nos dois ambientes para o enraizamento de miniestacas juvenis de erva-mate.

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Renaudeau, D., B. Bocage, and J. Noblet. "Influence of energy intake on protein and lipid deposition in Creole and Large White growing pigs in a humid tropical climate." Animal Science 82, no. 6 (December 2006): 937–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asc2006110.

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AbstractTwenty-four castrated males were used to study the effect of breed (Large White v. Creole (LW v. CR)) and feeding level (0·70, 0·80, 0·90, and 1·00 ad libitum) on growth performance and protein deposition (PD) and lipid deposition (LD) between 30 and 60 kg in growing pigs under tropical climatic conditions; the CR pigs are raised in the Caribbean area and can be qualified as fat and slow growing pigs. Daily protein and amino acids supplies were calculated to be non-limiting for protein gain. Total PD and LD were measured according to the comparative slaughter technique. Digestibility coefficients of energy and nutrients were estimated over a 10-day period at 45 kg live weight. Neither the breed nor the feeding level influenced the apparent digestibility coefficients of dietary nutrients; only energy digestibility was increased at reduced feeding levels (P<0·05). Average daily gain increased linearly with the increase of metabolizable energy (ME) intake and the slope of the relationship was lower in CR than in LW pigs (30·4 v. 36·6 g per additional MJ ME). The food conversion ratio was not affected by feeding level but it was significantly higher in CR than in LW pigs (2·88 v. 2·36 kg /kg; P<0·001). Daily PD increased with ME intake according to a linear relationship in both breeds and the slope was significantly affected by breed (3·1 v. 4·2 g/MJ ME in CR and LW pigs, respectively; P<0·001). In contrast, the increase of LD and total energy retained with ME were higher in CR than in LW pigs (8·4 v. 6·4 g/MJ and 0·40 v. 0·36 MJ/ MJ ME, respectively; P<0·001).

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Laitat, M., M. Vandenheede, A. Désiron, B. Canart, and B. Nicks. "Comparison of performance, water intake and feeding behaviour of weaned pigs given either pellets or meal." Animal Science 69, no. 3 (December 1999): 491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800051341.

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AbstractPerformance, water intake and feeding behaviour of two groups of 30 (trial 1), 40 (trial 2) or 50 (trial 3) weaned pigs offered either pellets or meal of the same formulation were compared.Average daily weight gains (ADG) were higher for pigs given pellets rather than meal in trials 2 (413 v. 363 g/day,P < 0·001) and 3 (356 v. 324 g/day, P < 0·05). Mean daily water intake (DWI) was higher with meal than with pellets but only during trial 1 (2·31 v. 1·65 I/day, P < 0·01).The occupation time (ОT) and the number of animals using the feeder simultaneously (N) were higher when pigs were given meal rather than pellets, whatever the animal density: trial 1: 82·6 v. 69·9% (P = 0·05) and 3·8 v. 2·3 (P < 0·01); trial 2: 90·9 v. 77·9% (P > 0·05) and 5·2 v. 3·1 (P < 0·01); trial 3: 96·2 v. 83·6% (P < 0·05) and 5·9 v. 3·8 (P < 0Ό1). When using pellets, ОT and N were always significantly lower during the night than during the day but when using meal in groups of 40 and 50, ОT during the night was almost as high as during the day.The greater the group size, the lower were ADG (both diets) and DWI (only with meal) and the higher were ОT and N (both diets). Furthermore, significant linear and curvilinear regressions of DWI, ОT and N according to time were calculated.In conclusion, pigs need more time to eat meal than to eat pellets. Thus the number of pigs per feeder has to be adapted to the food presentation. Too high a number of pigs per feeder impairs feeding behaviour and eventually welfare, by preventing preferential diurnal feeding activity and this may affect productivity.

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Zide, Amy N., Stephen C. Jones, Alan S. Litsky, and Nina R. Kieves. "A Cadaveric Evaluation of Pin and Tension Band Configuration Strength for Tibial Tuberosity Osteotomy Fixation." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 33, no. 01 (August 30, 2019): 009–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1693968.

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Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the load at failure and mode of failure of four constructs used to stabilize a tibial tuberosity osteotomy, including two vertically aligned pins (V), two horizontally aligned pins (H), two vertically aligned pins with a tension band wire (V-TB) and two horizontally aligned pins with a tension band wire (H-TB). Study Design Eighteen pairs of cadaveric tibiae were randomized to receive a TB or no TB. One limb was randomized to be in the H or V group. The contralateral limb was then assigned to the opposite configuration. One pair of limbs was used as a control. A tensile force was applied to the patellar ligament until construct failure. Results There was no significant difference between the mean load at failure of the H (595 N) and V (556 N) groups or between H-TB (1032 N) and V-TB groups (1034 N) (p = 0.487 and p = 0.238, respectively). The TB constructs were significantly stronger than the pin only constructs (p < 0.001). The mode of failure was similar for the pin only constructs, regardless of pin orientation. The TB constructs and control tibias failed at similar loads, most commonly by patellar ligament rupture. Conclusion The use of vertically aligned pins versus horizontally aligned pins does not affect construct strength. These results support the placement of pins in a vertically or horizontally aligned fashion. When performing a tibial tuberosity osteotomy, the addition of a TB adds significant strength to the construct.

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Dunshea, F. R., D. J. Kerton, P. J. Eason, and R. H. King. "Supplemental skim milk before and after weaning improves growth performance of pigs." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 7 (1999): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar98180.

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Twelve Large White × Landrace sows nursing litters of 6 boars and 6 gilts were used in this study. Six litters suckled the sow only, whereas the other 6 litters received supplemental liquid skim milk (200 g/L) ad libitum from Day 10 until Day 20. On Day 20 the 4 heaviest pigs of each sex were allocated to 2 pairs and were weaned. Each pair was offered either pelleted or pelleted plus liquid feed. For the first 2 days post-weaning, each pair of liquid-supplemented pigs received liquid skim milk (250 g/L). On Day 23, pelleted feed was added to the milk. The ratio of liquid to pelleted feed was adjusted daily until, on Day 28, pigs were provided with pelleted feed only until 41 days of age. Supplemental skim milk increased growth (223 v. 291 g/day, P < 0.001) between Days 10 and 20 of age so that by weaning supplemented pigs were 10% (6.13 v. 6.74 kg, P = 0.038) heavier than unsupplemented pigs. Skim milk intake increased linearly from 190 to 600 g/day per pig over the 10 days of supplementation. Supplemental milk feeding did not alter sow liveweight change (−31.9 v. −30.3 kg for sows nursing litters with and without supplementation, respectively, P = 0.894) or change in P2 backfat thickness (−5.3 v. −4.2 mm, P = 0.279) between farrowing and Day 20 of age. Pigs weaned onto skim milk and pellets ate more (257 v. 30 g dry matter (DM)/day, P < 0.001) and grew better (213 v. −151 g/day, P < 0.001) over the first 2 days post-weaning than pigs weaned onto only pellets. Piglets provided with liquid feed after weaning continued to grow faster beyond Day 22, resulting in the benefit of weaning onto liquid feed being maintained until at least 41 days of age (14.1 v. 12.8 kg, P < 0.001). In conclusion, skim milk feeding before and after weaning can result in cumulative improvements in growth performance in the nursery.

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Arsenakis, Ioannis, Filip Boyen, Freddy Haesebrouck, and Dominiek G. D. Maes. "Autogenous vaccination reduces antimicrobial usage and mortality rates in a herd facing severe exudative epidermitis outbreaks in weaned pigs." Veterinary Record 182, no. 26 (March 29, 2018): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.104720.

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This study was conducted in a commercial 1000-sow herd facing recurrent exudative epidermitis (EE) outbreaks during the nursery period and assessed the efficacy of autogenous vaccination in controlling such outbreaks. The vaccine was produced using three Staphylococcus hyicus isolates recovered from affected pigs shortly before the onset of the study. All of those isolates were positive for the exhB gene, which encodes the exfoliative toxin type B (ExhB). From four consecutive farrowing batches of sows, two batches were vaccinated (V) against S hyicus at five and two weeks before farrowing, and two sow batches remained non-vaccinated (NV). Vaccination efficacy was primarily determined by the levels of metaphylactic antimicrobial usage, and the morbidity and mortality data for the pigs of the V and NV sows. The total amount of antimicrobials used metaphylactically against EE in pigs among the V and NV farrowing batches was 39,600 and 88,550 mg, respectively. The used daily dose pig to animal daily dose pig ratio for the V and NV batches were 1.31 and 1.79, respectively (a ratio of 0.8 to 1.2 is indicative of correct dosing). The morbidity and mortality rates were V=6.50 and NV=14.36 (P=0.008), and V=2.59 and NV=5.02 (P=0.000), respectively. To conclude, autogenous vaccination of the sows with a vaccine based on exhB-positive S hyicus isolates reduced metaphylactic treatment with antimicrobials as well as the morbidity and mortality rates in weaned pigs compared with pigs from NV sow batches.

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Dunshea, Frank R., Danny Suster, Douglas J. Kerton, and Brian J. Leury. "Exogenous porcine somatotropin administered to neonatal pigs at high doses can alter lifetime fat but not lean tissue deposition." British Journal of Nutrition 89, no. 6 (June 2003): 795–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2003843.

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The growth rate of the young pig is generally much less than its potential and may be constrained by endocrine status as well as nutrient intake. The aim of the present study was to determine whether porcine (p) somatotropin (ST) treatment of the sucking pig could alter subsequent body composition. Twelve mixed-parity cross-bred sows with an average litter size of ten piglets were used to nurse pigs for the present study. On day 1 of lactation, the median two male pigs (by weight) from each litter were randomly allocated to one of two doses of pST (0 or 1 mg/kg per d) until weaning on day 21. Pigs were weaned and offered feed ad libitum until slaughter at 134 d of age. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at 21, 49, 77, 105 and 133 d of age. There was no significant difference in growth rates between day 1 and 21 of lactation in pigs injected with either saline (9 g/l NaCl/l) or pST (258 v. 246 g/d for control and pST-treated pigs respectively, P=0·61), and as a consequence there was no significant difference in liveweight at weaning (7·13 v. 6·84 kg, P=0·59). However, fat mass at weaning tended to be decreased (1·18 v. 0·96 kg, P=0·064), while the % fat in the body at weaning was significantly (16·7 v. 13·9 %, P=0·008) decreased by exogenous pST treatment. In the immediate post-weaning period there was a reduction in lean tissue deposition (347 v. 300 g/d, P=0·021) but no effect on fat deposition (35 v. 33 g/d, P=0·72). Over the entire weaning-to-slaughter period, pST treatment of neonatal pigs decreased the rate of fat deposition (130 v. 112 g/d, P=0·033), but had no effect on lean tissue deposition (550 v. 538 g/d, P=0·49). Therefore, treatment of nursing pigs with high doses of pST for a short period before weaning may provide a means of reducing the fat content of pork and pork products.

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Tsai, I.-An, Yaochi Su, Ying-Hsiang Wang, and Chishih Chu. "Alterations in Genes rib, scpB and Pilus Island Decrease the Prevalence of Predominant Serotype V, Not III and VI, of Streptococcus agalactiae from 2008 to 2012." Pathogens 11, no. 10 (October 3, 2022): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11101145.

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Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) can infect newborns, pregnant women and immunocompromised or elderly people. This study aimed to investigate differences in three pilus genes and virulence genes pavA, cfb, rib and scpB and changes in predominant serotypes III, V and VI from 2008 to 2012. The susceptibilities to penicillin, ceftriaxone, azithromycin, erythromycin, clindamycin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin of 145 GBS strains of serotype III, V and VI strains from 2008 and 2012 were determined using disc diffusion method. PCR identification of ST-17, the pilus genes and virulence genes; multilocus sequence typing (MLST); and conserved domain and phylogenetic analysis of scpB-1 and scpB-2 proteins were performed. A dramatic number reduction was observed in serotype V, not III and V, from 2008 to 2012. The rate of resistance to azithromycin, clindamycin and erythromycin was the highest in serotype V. ST-17 was only found in serotype III with pilus genes PI-1+PI-2b. The major pilus genotype was PI-1+PI-2a. Serotype V without the rib gene was reduced in number between two studied years. Compared to scpB-1, scpB-2 had a 128-bp deletion in a PA C5a-like peptidase domain and putative integrin-binding motif RGD. In conclusion, reduction in serotype V may be due to presence of scpB-2 or lack of genes scpB and rib.

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Fowler, Cynthia G. "The Bifrequency Binaural Interaction Component of the Auditory Brainstem Response." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 32, no. 4 (December 1989): 767–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3204.767.

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The binaural interaction component of the auditory brainstem response was investigated in three stimulus conditions, 1000-Hz tone pips to both ears, 3000-Hz tone pips to both ears, and 1000-Hz tone pips to the left ear and 3000-Hz tone pips to the right ear. A binaural interaction component was produced in all conditions in which the stimuli were presented in quiet and in broadband noise, suggesting that a frequency separation of 2000 Hz between ears can produce a fused image. Responses to the bifrequency stimuli in noise indicated the peak A of the binaural interaction component is not dependent solely on the slope of wave V because when the noise caused a dissociated binaural wave V, peak A was associated only with the trailing wave V.

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Leek, A. B. G., B. T. Sweeney, P. Duffy, V. E. Beattie, and J. V. O’Doherty. "The effect of stocking density and social regrouping stressors on growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility and physiological stress responses in pigs." Animal Science 79, no. 1 (April 2004): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800054588.

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AbstractA 2 ✕ 2 factorial arrangement of treatments used 280 growing pigs and 240 finishing pigs to examine the main effects and interactions between two levels of stocking density (0·75 m2 v. 0·45 m2 per growing pig and 0·88 m2 v. 0·53 m2 per finishing pig) and grouping (static groups v. regrouped) on pig growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility and measurements of physiological indicators of stress responses. Regrouping was achieved by moving four unfamiliar pigs between replicate groups every 14 days. Average daily gain (ADG) and average daily food intake (ADFI) were reduced by an additive interaction between high density and regrouping in growing pigs (P < 0·01). In finishing pigs, regrouping reduced ADG (P 0·05) and carcass weight (P 0·05). Regrouping reduced apparent dry matter and gross energy digestibility in finishing pigs (P 0·05). Rectal temperature increased 3 h after mixing finishing pigs (P 0·05), but not growing pigs. In growing pigs, the neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio tended to increase (P 0·1) after regrouping, although plasma cortisol concentration was unaffected. In finishing pigs, the response to a Newcastle disease virus antigen challenge tended to decrease at high stocking density (P 0·1), although total IgG concentration was unaffected. In conclusion, the growth performance of growing and finishing pigs was affected by social stressors. However, effects on the physiological measurements did not concur with effects on growth performance.

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Ward, Kimberly E., Barbara A. Rothlisberg, David E. McIntosh, and Madeline H. Bradley. "Assessing the SB-V factor structure in a sample of preschool children." Psychology in the Schools 48, no. 5 (March 15, 2011): 454–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pits.20567.

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Silverman, Linda K., and Barbara J. Gilman. "Best practices in gifted identification and assessment: Lessons from the WISC‐V." Psychology in the Schools 57, no. 10 (March 16, 2020): 1569–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pits.22361.

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Giles, L. R., E. Belinda Dettmann, and R. F. Lowe. "Influence of diurnally fluctuating high temperature on growth and energy retention of growing pigs." Animal Science 47, no. 3 (December 1988): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100003615.

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Abstract The effects of two temperatures (thermoneutral, 22°C v. fluctuating high temperature, 35·22°C), four food levels (ad libitum and three levels of food restriction) on growth and energy retention of growing pigs (male and female) was investigated in a 2 × 2 × 4 factorial experiment involving 48 individually penned pigs from 20 to 50 kg live weight. A second experiment was conducted over the 50 to 80 kg liveweight range using a 2 × 2 × 3 design.Mean daily digestible energy (DE) intake, daily gain, P2 backfat thickness, carcass fat proportion, total body energy retained and body energy retained as protein did not differ significantly between the temperature treatments in either experiment. Mean carcass protein proportion was greater at 35·22°C than at a constant 22°C.With pigs given food ad libitum during the 50 to 80 kg phase, an increase in temperature from 22°C to 35·22° reduced daily DE intake by 4·1 MJ (38·9 v. 34·8 MJ or 300 g food per day), reduced energy retention by 2·3 MJ/day (15·6 v. 13·3 MJ/day), and increased carcass protein proportion by 11 g/kg (142 v. 153 g/kg).There was a significant interaction between the effects of sex and temperature on P2 backfat thickness over both live-weight ranges. Female pigs housed at 35·22°C had 2·6 mm less P2 backfat at 50 kg (13 v. 15·6 mm) and 2 mm less at 80 kg (20 v. 22 mm) compared with females housed at 22°C. The P2 backfat thickness of male pigs did not vary at 50 kg (13·2 v. 13·5 mm) but when housed at 35·22°C males had 1·4 mm more P2 backfat at 80 kg (18·2 v. 19·6 mm).

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Robert, S., J. J. Matte, J. Bertin-Mahieux, and G. P. Martineau. "Stray voltage: its influence on swine production during the fattening period." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 72, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas92-059.

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The effects of continuous stray voltage were evaluated on growing-finishing pigs between the ages of 10 and 12 wk. Seventy-two pigs were assigned to six blocks of 12 animals each. The following treatments were randomly distributed in each block according to a 2 × 3 factorial design: feeding level (A) (restricted or ad libitum) and voltage level (0, 5 or 8 volts) as a continuous difference of potential between feeder or drinker and the metallic floor). The total drinking time (P < 0.10) and the number of drinking bouts (P < 0.05) were lower in the 8-V group than in the 0-V group for restricted-fed pigs during the hour after feed distribution. The percentage of observation time spent drinking during light hours was reduced in the 5-V and 8-V groups at 18 (P < 0.01) and 20 wk (P < 0.05). However, it was only between 14 and 16 wk of age that water intake was lower in the voltage groups (P < 0.05). There was no effect of voltage on mean daily feed intake and average daily gain over the whole fattening period (P > 0.3). Nonetheless, the mean eating frequency during light hours from 10 to 20 wk of age was higher in the 8-V than in the 0-V and 5-V groups of restricted-fed pigs, while it was similar in the three groups fed ad libitum (A × V lin; P < 0.05). Stray voltage at 8 V increased sitting time and decreased resting time in restricted-fed groups during light hours (A × V lin; P < 0.05) but the occurrence of aggressive encounters was very low in the three treatment groups throughout the study. Finally, the metabolic profile, the frequency and the severity of gastric ulcerative lesions and the meat color were similar among the treatments (P > 0.10). Key words: Stray voltage, growing-finishing pigs, behavior, growth performance, health

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Nicol, D. M. "The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571). The Sixteenth Century, III: To the reign of Julius III; IV: From Julius III to Pius V. By Kenneth M. Setton. (Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society, vols 161, 162.) Pp. x + 1179. Philadelphia: The American Philosophical Society, 1984. Each vol. $45." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 37, no. 2 (April 1986): 331–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002204690003308x.

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ROLINEC, Michal, Daniel B�ro, Pavel �tastn�, Tom� KANKA, Branislav G�lik, Milan �imko, Miroslav Jur�cek, and Zuzana Schubertov�. "Development of leukocytes countin blood of neonatal pigs after colostrum intake." Journal of Central European Agriculture 16, no. 4 (2015): 399–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/16.4.1644.

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Ryu, Daun, Minkyu Moon, Juhan Park, Sungsik Cho, Taekyu Kim, and Hyun Seok Kim. "Development of Allometric Equations for V Age-class Pinus koraiensis in Mt. Taehwa Plantation, Gyeonggi-do." Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 16, no. 1 (March 30, 2014): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5532/kjafm.2014.16.1.29.

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Ketaren, P. P., E. S. Batterham, E. Belinda Dettmann, and D. J. Farrell. "Phosphorus studies in pigs." British Journal of Nutrition 70, no. 1 (July 1993): 289–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19930123.

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Abstract:

Two experiments were conducted (1) to determine the effects of phytase (EC 3.1.3.26) on the digestibility and availability of P in soya-bean meal for growing pigs and (2) to compare growth v. digestibility variables for assessing the availability of P. In the first experiment the effect of phytase on P availability was assessed in a growth assay using a slope–ratio design of treatments. Two different levels of either monosodium phosphate (MSP) or soya-bean meal were added to a basal sugar–soya-bean-meal diet (2·5 g P/kg) to give two levels of P (g/kg): 3·25 and 4·0 for each source. An additional five diets were supplemented with phytase. The ten diets were offered ad lib. for 35 d to female pigs initially weighing 20 kg live weight. In addition, the relative effectiveness of different variables for assessing P availability were compared: bone bending moment, ash in various bones, and ash and P in the empty body. The addition of phytase increased growth rate (g/d) (741 v. 835; P < 0·05), lowered the food conversion ratio (2·37 v. 2·16; P < 0·01), and increased protein deposition (g/d) (108 v. 123; P < 0·05), protein retention (kg/kg) (0·33 v. 0·36; P < 0·05), energy retention (MJ gross energy/MJ digestible energy) (0·36 v. 0·38; P < 0·05) and the availability of P in soya-bean meal from 0·11 to 0·69 when bone bending moment was the criterion of availability. All other criteria for assessing availability were unsuitable. In the second experiment the availability of (P) in soya-bean meal was assessed in a digestibility experiment with grower pigs using diets 1–5 as for Expt 1 arranged in a slope–ratio design of treatments. In addition, the effects of phytase supplementation on the apparent digestibility of P, dry matter, crude protein (N × 6·25) and energy were determined. The diets were offered at three times maintenance energy requirements to male pigs initially weighing approximately 30 kg live weight and total collection of faeces was conducted over a 10 d period. The availability of P in the soya-bean meal was 0·66 using digestible P intake as the criterion of response. The apparent digestibility of P in soya-bean meal was 0·42. Phytase supplementation increased the apparent digestibility of soya-bean meal P to 0·69 (P < 0·01) but had no effect on the faecal digestibility of dry matter or crude protein. Overall these experiments indicate that (1) estimates of P digestibility and availability were unlikely to be interchangeable and (2) phytase was effective in releasing much of the bound P in soya-bean meal.

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