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Journal articles on the topic 'Piston skirt'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Dursunkaya, Zafer, Rifat Keribar, and Venkatesh Ganapathy. "A Model of Piston Secondary Motion and Elastohydrodynamic Skirt Lubrication." Journal of Tribology 116, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 777–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2927332.

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A model of elastohydrodynamic lubrication of piston skirts in reciprocating engines was developed in the context of a simulation of piston secondary motions. The piston secondary dynamics, skirt lubrication and skirt elastic deformation problems are simultaneously solved in the calculation. The model can represent both conventional and two-piece articulated pistons and also includes a treatment of wristpin lubrication. Skirt deformations are calculated using a skirt compliance matrix derived from a finite element model of the piston. The model was exercised by calculating piston secondary motions and skirt deformations for a heavy-duty truck diesel piston at various operating conditions. Results show that peak skirt radial deformations can exceed the skirt-liner radial clearance and strongly depend on load. Articulated piston skirt deformations were shown to be significantly larger than those in conventional piston skirts. Consideration of skirt elastic deformations significantly affected (rigid piston) motion and skirt friction predictions, highlighting the importance of an elastohydrodynamic model.
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2

Teng, Dezhi, Jingsi Wang, Chengdi Li, and Xiaoxia Sa. "Investigation of Friction and Wear Behavior of Cast Aluminum Alloy Piston Skirt with Graphite Coating Using a Designed Piston Skirt Test Apparatus." Materials 15, no. 11 (June 5, 2022): 4010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15114010.

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A piston skirt friction and wear apparatus that simulates the contact and the relative motion of piston and cylinder liner in a real engine has been designed and constructed. With this apparatus, the friction and wear behavior of a cast aluminum alloy piston with a graphite coating under different loads was studied, and the effectiveness of the apparatus was confirmed. The total wear of the piston skirt was higher under a higher load, and the upper part of the skirt surface (around the height of the piston pin) was worn more severely. The wear mechanisms were studied and, based on the test results and surface analyses, three main wear modes were believed to occur in the wear process of the piston skirt: abrasive, adhesive, and fatigue wear. The effects of skirt profile design, coating, and surface texturing on the friction and wear behavior of the piston skirt can be investigated well using the proposed apparatus, which can truly reflect actual working conditions and is useful to improve the tribological performances of piston skirts.
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3

Smirnov, Sergei V., Vladimir V. Kopylov, Alexander R. Makarov, Alexander A. Vorobyev, and Kirill V. Shkarin. "An experimental study of the stress-strain state of the engine piston skirt on the engineless stand." RUDN Journal of Engineering Researches 20, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8143-2019-20-4-285-292.

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The article describes the features developed by the authors of the profiling method of the piston skirt, provides the main parameters that affect the lubrication conditions of the piston skirt and the magnitude of mechanical losses. In computational studies, the basic formulas are given for determining the thickness of the oil layer in a piston skirt - cylinder sleeve conjunction to assess the nature of friction. To determine the deformations, the finite element method is used on the spatial model of the piston. To verify the finite element model, a stand for experimental studies was developed. The article describes the developed stand, the methodology and results of experimental studies of the stress-strain state of the two-piece piston skirt obtained at this stand and a comparative analysis of the results of the calculated and experimental studies of the stress-strain state of the two-piece piston skirt of a diesel engine. The research results showed that the developed stand can be used to verify mathematical models for calculating the stress-strain state of the piston skirt in the pilot production of internal combustion engine pistons to accelerate and reduce the cost of the piston design development process, as well as the results of experimental studies obtained at the stand, can be used as initial data for the developed mathematical model of the dynamics of the movement of the piston and the profiling of the piston skirt.
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4

Sun, Jun, Feifei Hao, Guangsheng Liu, Hu Wang, Qin Teng, Enming Miao, Xiaoyong Zhao, Yanping Ren, and Guixiang Zhu. "Research on the lubrication performance of engine piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair considering lubricating oil transport." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 4 (June 4, 2018): 713–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087418778658.

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In current lubrication analysis of piston skirt, the flooded status is generally considered in the piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair in all strokes of an engine operating cycle. However, the quantity of lubricating oil at the entrance of piston skirt cannot always ensure the sufficient lubrication status of piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair when the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center in actual engine. In this article, based on the model of piston secondary motion, fluid lubrication, and lubricating oil flow, the lubrication performance of piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair is analyzed, in which the quantity of lubricating oil detained on the surface of cylinder liner after the piston skirt moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center and is considered as the quantity of lubricating oil at entrance of piston skirt when the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center. The results show that compared with current analysis, in which the sufficient lubrication of piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair is assumed in all strokes of engine, there are remarkable changes for the lubrication performance of piston skirt–cylinder liner frictional pair and the piston secondary motion when the lubrication status of the frictional pair in the upstroke of piston is determined by considering actual lubricating oil transport in the lubrication analysis of piston skirt.
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5

Gao, Qi, Cheng Ying Li, Hong Zeng, and Lei Bo Zhao. "Middle-Convex Curve and Ellipse Surface of Piston Skirt Design Based on MATLAB and Pro/E." Advanced Materials Research 299-300 (July 2011): 891–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.299-300.891.

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In this paper, the characteristics and design rules of piston skirt middle-convex ellipse surface are studied, and the piston skirt profile mathematical model was established. Piston skirt middle-convex curve is interpolated based on MATLAB, and the piston middle-convex surface was generated according to the theory of surface modeling; the piston skirt transversal section was controlled based on Pro/E curvilinear equation, and then the piston skirt surface was created. The example indicates that commonality and fitting precision of these two design methods are excellent, so it has the better application value of project.
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6

Blair, W. L., D. P. Hoult, and V. W. Wong. "The Role of Piston Distortion on Lubrication in a Reciprocating Engine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 112, no. 3 (July 1, 1990): 287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906494.

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The microgeometry of the piston, rings, and skirt relative to the liner strongly influences lubrication in a reciprocating engine. This study develops an approximation technique that decouples the thermomechanical piston-skirt distortions from the complex lubricant support in a large diesel engine. The model considers the limiting case of starved skirt lubrication with large clearance. It permits efficient design of machined three-dimensional piston-skirt contours for piston support. In the calculations, a three-dimensional finite-element model is coupled with a postprocessing algorithm to predict skirt distortions, piston tilt, operating clearance, and oil-film contact area as a function of machined profile, thermal expansion, cylinder pressure, piston inertia, and transient side loads. A piston dynamics model is developed that defines the transient piston side force based on engine geometry, cylinder pressure, inertial loads, and wrist-pin offset. The results of this study indicate that (1) the transient skirt distortions due to cylinder pressure on the compression and power strokes result in a significant increase in oil-film contact area; (2) the piston skirt operating shape depends on the location and area of oil-film contact; (3) the contact area and location during intake and exhaust strokes vary substantially from that during the compression and power strokes; (4) the wrist-pin offset reduces the maximum side load and piston slap intensity occurring in the region of maximum cylinder pressure; (5) effective three-dimensional skirt profile design may result in significant changes in oil-film contact area and location on the skirt throughout the cycle.
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7

McFadden, PD, and SR Turnbull. "A study of the secondary piston motion arising from changes in the piston skirt profile using a simplified piston skirt model." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 227, no. 1 (April 19, 2012): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406212444509.

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An existing model of the interface between a parallel-sided piston skirt and the cylinder wall in an internal combustion engine is extended to allow the modelling of barrelling of the piston skirt. The effects of the skirt profile on the secondary motion of the piston and on the distribution of pressure in the lubricant film are examined. It is shown that piston secondary motion, and in particular rotation of the piston about the gudgeon pin, which might contribute to wear of the cylinder, can be reduced by appropriate positioning of the maximum diameter of the piston skirt in relation to the gudgeon pin and the centre of mass of the piston.
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8

Liu, K., Y. B. Xie, and C. L. Gui. "A comprehensive study of the friction and dynamic motion of the piston assembly." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 212, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/1350650981542038.

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A mixed lubrication model based on a two-dimensional average Reynolds equation is presented in this paper. It is developed for use in conjunction with a piston secondary motion analysis. The motion has been studied and the effects of structure parameters and different profiles of piston skirts on the motion are also investigated. The friction force and power loss consisting of piston skirt friction and the friction of the piston ring pack are also given.
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9

Mansouri, S. H., and V. W. Wong. "Effects of Piston Design Parameters on Piston Secondary Motion and Skirt - Liner Friction." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 219, no. 6 (June 1, 2005): 435–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/135065005x34026.

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In this article, a previously developed and experimentally validated piston secondary motion model has been improved further numerically and applied to understand the detailed interactions between the piston skirt and the cylinder liner for various piston design parameters. The model considers the roughness of the surfaces and the topography of the skirt in both the axial (barrel profile) and circumferential (ovality) directions. Three modes of lubrication: hydro-dynamic, mixed, and boundary lubrication regimes have been considered and the skirt is partially flooded in most cases. Elastic deformation of the skirt is an essential part of the model. In this model, the piston dynamic behaviour and frictional and impact forces are predicted as functions of crank angle and are examined in detail. Parameters investigated include piston skirt profile, piston-to-liner clearance, surface roughness, and oil availability. The results show that some of these parameters have profound effects on the frictional and impact forces at the piston skirt/liner interface, and therefore, they have the potential to optimize the piston frictional power loss. Correlations and non-dimensional scaling laws are developed to illustrate the basic governing phenomena. These results aim to provide a set of quantitative design guidelines.
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10

Jin, Zhou, Zhi Zhuang Yu, and Lin Sheng Yang. "Prediction of Nonlinear Contact Force of Piston Skirt and Cylinder Liner under the Function of Clap Force." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 831–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.831.

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The piston skirt and cylinder liner is a coupled contact model, It is of great importance to analyze the contact stress and deformation. Due to the existence of the gap and the lateral clap force between piston skirt and cylinder liner, which leads to the lateral movement. According to the secondary movement and hydrodynamic lubrication theory, the maximum lateral clap force can be obtained in a working condition, before piston crosses TDC, the huge gas pressure makes the piston skirt and cylinder liner collision contact, and creates the enormous clap force, which can aggravate the noise and vibration between piston skirt and cylinder liner. We would set maximum lateral clap force as a dangerous condition, which can be loaded on the contact model. By the means of nonlinear software ABAQUS, to establish the piston skirt and cylinder liner contact model, and analyze the contact stress and deformation.
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11

Zhu, Dong, Herbert S. Cheng, Takayuki Arai, and Kyugo Hamai. "A Numerical Analysis for Piston Skirts in Mixed Lubrication—Part I: Basic Modeling." Journal of Tribology 114, no. 3 (July 1, 1992): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2920917.

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This paper presents a mathematical model for piston skirts in mixed lubrication. It takes into account the effects of surface waviness, roughness, piston skirt surface profile, bulk elastic deformation and thermal distortion of both piston skirts and cylinder bore on piston motion, lubrication and friction. The corresponding computer program developed can be used to calculate the entire piston trajectory and the hydrodynamic and contact friction forces as functions of crack angle under engine running conditions. This paper is the first part of a series of two papers. It gives basic information and some preliminary results. The second part will include the major results and discussions, focused on the influences of elastic and thermal deformations.
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12

Zhou, Xiao Rong, Meng Tian Song, and Gan Wei Cai. "Research of Internal Combustion Engine Piston Skirt Profile Line Effect Based on Dynamics and Tribological Coupling Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (August 2013): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.3.

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This paper mainly based on the coupling relationship between tribological and dynamic behaviors of cylinder liner-piston system to establish dynamics and tribology coupling model of cylinder linerpiston-piston ring, and to analyze the effect of piston skirt profile based on it, providing theoretical basis for determining the effect of piston skirt profiles to piston dynamics and lubrication performance.
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13

Xiaohua, Xu. "Influence of piston-bore clearance on second motion characteristics of piston and skirt wear." Mechanics & Industry 20, no. 2 (2019): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/meca/2018036.

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The piston dynamic simulation was carried out for the wear of the piston skirt after the test of gasoline engine. In addition, the second motion and wear are studied for the improvement proposal of different cylinder clearances. Results show when the original cylinder clearance is 0.0325–0.0575 mm, the minimum operating clearance of the piston skirt is smaller; it is not good for the formation of lubrication oil film, which causes wear on the thrust side and anti-thrust side of piston skirt. When the cylinder clearance was increased to 0.0400–0.0650 mm, the wear load on the thrust side and anti-thrust side of piston skirt was reduced by 68.3% and 68.1%, respectively, the effect of improved wear is better and the result coincides well with engine test result.
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14

Putintsev, C. B., A. G. Kirillov, and A. S. Ratnikov. "Results of modeling the secondary kinematics of the piston in the cylinder of a high-speed diesel engine." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 84, no. 12 (December 15, 2017): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66396.

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The relevance of the investigation of the processes of secondary kinematics of the piston in the internal combustion engine’s cylinder is due to their strong influence on such indicators as mechanical losses, wear, noise, vibration, oil consumption, and their insufficient knowledge concerning high-speed piston engines. The purpose of the research was an assessment of the influence on the character of the secondary kinematics of the piston of the high-speed internal combustion engine design factors, operating conditions and lubricant and on this basis finding the ways to improve the lubrication and friction conditions in coupling of the «cylinder-piston skirt». The tasks to be performed to achieve the research goal were in an identification the most significant parameters of the construction on the piston's secondary kinematics, mode of operation and properties of the lubricant; obtaining diagrams of the piston's secondary kinematics depending on the change in the values of the influencing factors, as well as the analysis of the obtained results and the development of recommendations aimed at reducing friction and wear in the piston-cylinder-unit. For the subject of the research the piston of the high-speed diesel engine 1CH 8,5/8,0, having a barrel-shaped profile of the piston skirt in the serial production and a negative dezaksial of piston pin, was chosen. The research method is mathematical modeling using the calculation program PISTON-DHT. Discussion of the obtained results made it possible to reveal the two most influential parameters on the character of the secondary kinematics of the piston: the dezaksial of piston pin and piston skirt profile. The variation of the sign and the values of these indicators were established an expedience to switch from a negative one to the positive dezaxial and an application of rational profile of the piston skirt. For the two most dynamically loaded strokes of the working cycle «Compression» and «Expansion», the dominance of the piston movement in the position of the scraper relative to the adjacent side of the cylinder wall was highlighted. The generalized recommendations aimed at eliminating the dominance of this undesirable situation can be taken into account and used in the design and completion of high-speed internal combustion engines pistons in order to minimize mechanical losses and wear.
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15

Tian, Jingyi, Huihua Feng, Yuanjie Feng, Zhengwei Yang, Chengjun Zhu, and Jiegui Li. "Piston dynamics analysis considering skirt-liner dynamic clearance." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 13 (February 8, 2019): 3538–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019827339.

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Piston slap force is one of the main sources of mechanical engine noise. To obtain a more accurate determination of the piston slap force and minimize piston slap noise, a new simulation model that considers dynamic clearance of the piston skirt and liner has been established in this study. The skirt-liner dynamic clearance is caused mainly by the elastic deformation and thermal deformation of the piston. Comparing three different models, it was found that the impact of dynamic clearance on the piston slap force is reflected mainly in the medium-high frequency, which is the sensitive frequency of the slap noise. Therefore, it is necessary to consider dynamic clearance in the simulation model. In addition, the mechanisms behind the dynamic clearance effect on fluid lubrication, piston dynamics, and piston slap noise were observed. In particular, three typical structural parameters in piston dynamics (the piston pin offset, piston-liner clearance, and piston skirt profile) were studied. The analyses provide guidance for the design of low-noise engines.
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16

Smirnov, S. V., I. A. Zaev, and A. A. Vorobyev. "Profile Design of a Two-piece Piston Skirt for Internal Combustion Engine." Engines Construction, no. 289 (September 2022): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/jec.2022.3.15-31.

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Ensuring reliable engine operation with minimal friction losses is one of the primary design tasks for a piston design. One of the effective ways to solve this problem is piston skirt profiling. Profiling is aimed at creating conditions for fluid friction in the “piston skirt-cylinder” interface with minimal mounting clearances. We present a mathematical model for studying the influence on the hydrodynamic characteristics of friction and the dynamics of the movement of the piston of the main parameters characterizing the design of the details of the crank mechanism. This model includes a coupled solution of interrelated problems: determining the characteristics of the transverse movement of the piston, the deformation of the piston skirt under thermal and mechanical loads, and the calculation of the hydrodynamic forces acting from the oil layer in the fit. The results are obtained for a two-piece piston with a diameter of 130 mm. We study the influence of the profile of the two-piece piston skirt on the hydrodynamic characteristics and the transverse movement of the piston is studied and present the results for the considered design. Lastly, we give recommendations for profiling.
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17

Lu, Yanjun, Sha Li, Peng Wang, Cheng Liu, Yongfang Zhang, and Norbert Müller. "The Analysis of Secondary Motion and Lubrication Performance of Piston considering the Piston Skirt Profile." Shock and Vibration 2018 (2018): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3240469.

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The work performance of piston-cylinder liner system is affected by the lubrication condition and the secondary motion of the piston. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the secondary motion and lubrication of the piston. In this paper, the Jakobson-Floberg-Olsson (JFO) boundary condition is employed to describe the rupture and reformation of oil film. The average Reynolds equation of skirt lubrication is solved by the finite difference method (FDM). The secondary motion of piston-connecting rod system is modeled; the trajectory of the piston is calculated by the Runge-Kutta method. By considering the inertia of the connecting rod, the influence of the longitudinal and horizontal profiles of piston skirt, the offset of the piston pin, and the thermal deformation on the secondary motion and lubrication performance is investigated. The parabolic longitudinal profile, the smaller top radial reduction and ellipticities of the middle-convex piston, and the bigger bottom radial reduction and ellipticities can effectively reduce the secondary displacement and velocity, the skirt thrust, friction, and the friction power loss. The results show that the connecting rod inertia, piston skirt profile, and thermal deformation have important influence on secondary motion and lubrication performance of the piston.
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18

Ning, Lipu, Xianghui Meng, and Youbai Xie. "Effects of lubricant shear thinning on the mixed lubrication of piston skirt-liner system." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 227, no. 7 (September 19, 2012): 1585–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406212460610.

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A theoretical analysis is presented for the mixed lubrication of the piston skirt-liner system. The model is developed to consider the shear thinning effect of multigrade lubricant. The friction characteristics of the piston skirt-liner system for both monograde and multigrade lubricants are investigated. It is found that a decrease in the lubricant viscosity is effective in reducing the friction loss. However, the boundary friction at the expansion stroke will increase with low lubricant viscosity. Results in this study show a significant lubricant shear thinning effect on the piston skirt-liner system.
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19

Delprete, Cristiana, Abbas Razavykia, and Paolo Baldissera. "Detailed analysis of piston secondary motion and tribological performance." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 9 (February 28, 2019): 1647–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087419833883.

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This article presents a detailed analytical model to evaluate piston skirt tribology under hydrodynamic lubrication. The contribution of the piston ring pack lubrication has been taken into account to study piston secondary motion and tribological performance. A system of nonlinear equations comprising Reynolds equation and force equilibrium is solved to calculate piston ring pack friction force and its moment about wrist pin axis. Instantaneous minimum oil film thickness at piston ring/liner interface has been estimated considering different boundary conditions: full Sommerfeld, oil separation, and Reynolds cavitation and reformation. The ring pack model has capability to be used for a wide range of ring face profiles under boundary and hydrodynamic lubrication. Piston secondary motion is evaluated using lubrication theory and equilibrium of forces and moments, to examine the effect of wrist pin location, piston skirt/liner clearance, and oil rheology. Numerical method and finite difference scheme have been used to define piston eccentricity and hydrodynamic pressure acting over the skirt.
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20

Smirnov, S. V., A. R. Makarov, and R. Kh Abu-Nidzhim. "Mathematical modeling of dynamics of movement of the compound piston in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 84, no. 11 (November 15, 2017): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66361.

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Cylinder piston group is the main part of friction in the engine, where usually mechanical losses appear, that is why its work and design should be considered from the point of view of tribology. The task of designing a cylinder - piston group as a friction unit is to select the basic geometric dimensions, the profile of the guide part in the longitudinal and transverse planes, the diametric gap, the coordinates of the piston pin arrangement and the center of mass. The solution of these problems is directly dependent on the possibility of studying the complex plane-parallel motion of the piston within the piston-cylinder liner clearance in the lubricant layer. At present, compound pistons are gaining traction from forced diesel engines with increased loads on the cylinder-piston group. The study of the movement of the compound pis-ton must include the solution of interrelated tasks: the investigation of the motion of the piston crown with a set of piston rings and the study of the motion of the piston skirt, taking into account the effect of the rocking motion of the connecting rod on it. The derivation of the equations of motion of all components of the piston and connecting rod is given in the article. Their combined solution and the resulting equations allow us to investigate the transverse motion of the crown of the composite piston and to evaluate the operation of the piston rings, and also taking into account the hydrodynamic lubrication of the skirt, to carry out a comprehensive study of the state of the skirt of the compound piston and, first and foremost, to investigate the influence of its basic design parameters on the conditions of the hydrodynamic grease. The developed mathematical model will allow on the basis of complex research the influence of the above parameters to develop a composite piston design that provides high technical and economic parameters of the engine.
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21

Jian, Zhang, Deng Lijun, Hao Guannan, and Liu Shiying. "Investigation of wear mechanism of forged steel piston skirt under boundary lubricated conditions." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 70, no. 7 (September 10, 2018): 1303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-04-2017-0105.

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Purpose With the implementation of new emission standards, the thermal–mechanical coupling load of engine pistons becomes more important. In this case, forged steel material with higher fatigue limit and impact resistance has been applied gradually in piston manufacturing. However, new failure problems emerge, and the wear of skirt under boundary lubrication conditions is an essential problem which needs to be solved urgently. Design/methodology/approach In this research, the abrasion testing machine was used to simulate the wear behavior under different conditions of normal pressure, relative velocity and surface roughness. Besides, the wear morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope. Then, the wear model was established by using test results fitting method, offering a way to conduct qualitative analysis for the wear problem under the same conditions. Findings The results show that mainly the wear mechanism of the piston skirt under boundary lubricated conditions is adhesive wear and abrasive wear. In addition, the coefficient and wear rate will increase with the increase in the normal load and surface roughness and decrease with the increase in the relative speed. In the wear model, the wear loss is mainly influenced by the normal load, the relative sliding speed and the wear time. Originality/value The wear degree of piston skirt was qualitatively obtained in this investigation by factors such as pressure, velocity and so on, and the wear mechanism of forged steel piston skirt under boundary lubrication conditions was also determined. These could provide theoretical support for further optimization of cylinder motion and oil supply system, reduction of friction loss and power loss.
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22

Hongwei, Yan, Yang Jin, and Zhang Baocheng. "Analysis of the Influences of Piston Crankshaft Offset on Piston Secondary Movements." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (October 7, 2015): 933–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01509010933.

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This paper takes dynamics analysis on the piston and the dynamic lubrication theory on the skirt and the ring of piston as the basis. Using AVL Glide software, through the establishment of the analysis model of the piston secondary movements, this study focuses on the effects of the crankshaft bias on piston secondary movements’ characteristics. This paper takes 5 different offsets, by comparing the piston lateral displacement, transverse movement speed, transverse acceleration, swinging angle, swing angular velocity and angular acceleration, finds out the relationships between crank offset value and the piston “slap”, piston impact energy and piston skirt friction loss, thus, provides the basis for the design of internal combustion engines.
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23

He, Zhenpeng. "Piston skirt friction loss and dynamic analyses based on FEM method." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 70, no. 4 (May 8, 2018): 656–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-12-2016-0320.

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Purpose The analysis carried out in this study can provide guidance for manufacturers and researchers to design a piston for the development of engines. Design/methodology/approach Running conditions for pistons have become very severe because of the high combustion pressure and increase in piston temperature in the past 10 years. The precision of the model has a great effect on the power transmission, vibration noise emission. In this paper, the model was established with lubrication and dynamic governing equations, which were solved using finite element method coupled with Runge–Kutta method. A piston of an inline six-cylinder engine was studied, and some structural parameters were used to investigate its effect on the friction loss with lubrication and dynamic motion theory. Findings Based on the analyses, the effect of the friction load at the oil groove and thermal deformation of piston skirt were added to the model, and some useful information about the friction loss and dynamic characteristics were compared. Originality/value All the results will provide guidance for the development of the piston and reduction in the friction loss and wear.
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24

Delprete, Cristiana, and Abbas Razavykia. "Piston dynamics, lubrication and tribological performance evaluation: A review." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 5 (July 11, 2018): 725–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087418787610.

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Mechanical power loss of lubricated and bearing surfaces serves as an attractive domain for study and research in the field of internal combustion engines. Friction reduction at lubricated and bearing surface is one of the most cost-effective ways to reduce gas emission and improve internal combustion engines’ efficiency. This thus motivates automotive industries and researchers to investigate tribological performance of internal combustion engines. Piston secondary motion has prime importance in internal combustion engines and occurs due to unbalanced forces and moments in a plane normal to the wrist pin axis. Consequently, piston executes small translations and rotations within the defined clearance during the piston reciprocating motion. Mechanical friction power loss and lubrication at piston skirt/liner and radiated engine noise are dramatically affected by piston secondary dynamics. The lubrication mechanism, piston secondary motion and tribological performance are affected by piston design parameters (piston/liner clearance, wrist pin offset, skirt profile, etc.), lubricant rheology, oil transport mechanism and operating conditions. Therefore, this review is devoted to summarize the synthesis of main technical aspects, research efforts, conclusions and challenges that must be highlighted regarding piston skirt/liner lubrication and piston dynamics and slap.
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25

Zhao, Bo, Shijun Wang, Peng Xiao, Lingji Xu, Xinqing Hu, Xiancai Si, and Yonghui Liu. "The Tribo-Dynamics Performance of the Lubricated Piston Skirt–Cylinder System Considering the Cylinder Liner Vibration." Lubricants 10, no. 11 (November 18, 2022): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10110319.

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The tribo-dynamics performance of the piston–cylinder system is affected by multiple physical fields. The current work presents a novel multiphysics coupling method to model and analyze the lubricated piston skirt–cylinder interface considering the cylinder liner vibration. This method is implemented by coupling multibody dynamics of the crank-connecting rod–piston–cylinder system, the heat transfer of the cylinder and piston, hydrodynamics lubrication on the skirt–cylinder interface, vibration of the cylinder liner, and thermal as well as elastic deformation in the piston–cylinder system together with rheological characteristics of lubricating oil. The proposed method is adopted into a four-stroke gasoline engine to predict its dynamics and tribological characteristics, with the purpose of revealing the influence of cylinder liner vibration on the tribo-dynamics implementation of the piston–cylinder system. The results indicate that increasing the stiffness and damping coefficient of the cylinder is beneficial to suppress the vibration of the system, but it has little effect on the tribological characteristics of the piston skirt–cylinder interface.
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26

Putintsev, Sergey V., Sergey A. Anikin, Sofia P. Demenkova, and Sofya S. Strelnikova. "Calculation of the required minimum of a motor oil level on cylinder-piston group moving surfaces of the automotive diesel." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 89, no. 1 (July 8, 2022): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-100063.

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BACKGROUND: Theme of this article is actual because issues of the reliable and cost-effective opera-tion of augmented automotive piston engines are still not solved. An important aspect of solving the problem is rational oil supply of the cylinder-piston group. AIMS: The purpose of this work is the required minimum motor oil level estimation for the hydrodynamic lubrication of the cylinder-piston skirt pair. There were set and solved the tasks of determining the volume of motor oil capable of filling: 1) cavities of the flat-topped surface of the cylinder; 2) a raised surface of the piston skirt and 3) the piston skirt clearance. The object of study is an automotive diesel. METHODS: Three types of analytical determination of the total volume of the cavities of the rough surface and the piston skirt clearance were used as methods for estimation of a motor oil level. RESULTS: It was found, that the estimation with the well known formula for oil volume (a method 1) gives the overevaluated result of oil level estimation, in comparison with methods 2 and 3, which taking into account the real geometry of cavities and roughness parameters. The advantage of method 3 was determened by criteria of generalization and of simplicity to apply. Using the method 3, the estimated volume of motor oil ensured the hydrodynamic lubrication mode of the cylinder piston skirt pair of the object of study was obtained. CONCLUSION: The analytical expressions obtained by method 3 can be recommended to optimize the piston engine lubrication systems for reducing the friction and wear losses as well as to minimize a risk of oil starvation and increased oil consumption through burning.
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27

Forero, Jorge Duarte, Guillermo Valencia Ochoa, and Wlamyr Palacios Alvarado. "Study of the Piston Secondary Movement on the Tribological Performance of a Single Cylinder Low-Displacement Diesel Engine." Lubricants 8, no. 11 (October 30, 2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants8110097.

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The present study aims to analyze the secondary movement of the piston considering the deformations present in the piston skirt, the hydrodynamic lubrication, and the effects of the clearances in the connecting rod bearings. The analysis of the piston movement is performed by developing a mathematical model, which was used to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of the piston movement, the slap force on the piston skirt, the effect of the secondary piston movement on the connecting rod, and the influence of clearances in the connecting rod bearings and in the piston. For the study, the geometric of the crankshaft-connecting rod–piston system of a single-cylinder diesel engine is taken as a reference. The deformation model of the piston was carried out by means of a symmetric finite element model (FEM), which was integrated into the mathematical model of the piston. MATLAB® software (The MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA, USA) is used for the development of model simulations. The obtained results show that during the combustion cycle, there are six changes of direction in the secondary movement of the piston with lateral and angular velocities that can reach a magnitude of 0.13 m/s and 4 rad/s. The lateral and angular movement of the piston during its travel causes the appearance of impacts on the piston skirt with the cylinder liner, which produces an increase of approximately 500 N in the hydrodynamic forces in the connecting rod bearings. The force analysis shows that the range of the maximum magnitudes of these forces is between 1900 N and 3480 N. The increase in clearance between the cylinder liner and the piston skirt (Cpc) causes a greater lateral displacement and an increase in the angle of inclination of the piston. Analysis of the change in connecting rod bearing clearance shows that there are critical values in relation to clearance Cpc. The model presented allows us to analyze the different characteristics of the secondary movement of the piston, which involve the interaction between the piston skirt and the cylinder liner. Additionally, the influence of this movement on the connecting rod bearings is considered. The foregoing can be used as an analysis tool for the study of designs and/or modifications in the engine in such a way that greater durability of the components, reductions in acoustic emissions, and reduction in friction losses are achieved.
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SUZUKI, Toyohiko, Yoshio FUJIMOTO, Yoshitaka OCHIAI, and Tadao IKIHARA. "Numerical simulation of oil film distribution over a piston skirt. Effect of piston skirt profile." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 55, no. 511 (1989): 768–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.55.768.

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29

Guo, Yin Biao, Hai Bin Huang, and Jian Hua Lin. "The Variable Cross-Section Helix Turning Trajectory Algorithm Used on the Middle-Convex and Varying Ellipse Piston Skirt." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 2340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.2340.

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In order to turning the skirt of middle-convex and varying ellipse piston, this paper proposes a Variable Cross-section Helix Turning Trajectory (VCHTT) algorithm. it divide the turning trajectory of the piston skirt into transversal and helix, then obtain the coordinates of ellipse transversal cutter-contact points on the basis of centric polar radius arc interpolation (CPRAI) algorithm, and uses line surface intersection method to obtain the coordinates of helix cutter-contact points on the middle-convex and varying ellipse piston skirt. At last，merge two coordinates matrices to obtain the final coordinate surface of cutter-contact points of turning tool. With comparison, it finds that the VCHTT algorithm improves the interpolation accuracy by 0.04um than other methods.
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30

Asoyan, Arthur R., Alexander S. Gorshkov, and Ani H. Israelyan. "Less wear on the piston skirts of internal combustion engines." RUDN Journal of Engineering Researches 21, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8143-2020-21-3-175-180.

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A significant proportion of mechanical losses in internal combustion engines accounted for mechanical losses in the cylinder-piston group. Depending on the operating modes of the internal combustion engine, contact interaction in the piston-cylinder pair is possible, which leads to wear of the working surfaces of the resource-determining elements and a decrease in the operational life of the power unit as a whole, in connection with which the reduction of friction losses in the internal combustion engine elements and the piston - cylinder liner coupling in particular is relevant. Both domestic and foreign researchers are engaged in the solution of the above described problems, various profiles of pistons, methods of calculating the parameters of the oil layer are proposed, but the practical state of the issue determines the relevance of research in this direction. The paper considers the possibility of reducing the wear of piston skirts by reducing the contact surface in conjugation and providing an oil film in the friction zone, regardless of engine operating conditions. This opportunity is realized by forming a certain macro profile on the working surface of the piston skirt. The formation of the macrorelief was carried out by means of surface plastic deformation, with the reciprocating movement of a spherical tool on the machined surface.
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31

Putintsev, S. V., and A. G. Ageev. "Efficiency checking of use of stiffening ribs for piston skirt of a low-sized diesel engine." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 83, no. 11 (November 15, 2016): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66268.

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The study actuality is connected with a problem of high mechanical losses due to friction in naturally aspirated high-speed low-cylinder four-stroke diesel engines. The research aims to check the efficiency of application of an experimental piston with rigid skirt that according to preliminary data provides the decrease of mechanical losses in the cylinder-piston group. The check method consists in comparison of benchmarks of a serial piston and an experimental one. Following indices are accepted as benchmarks: the piston friction force and mechanical losses formed by its work; the temperatures in characteristic zones of the piston; the temperatures of cylinder wall and motor oil caused by the piston friction; the moment of resistance to turning of crankshaft of installation with piston in the cylinder. The comparison is made by means of both modeling and experiments on a model installation designed on the base of 1Ch 85/80 (TMZ-450D) low-sized diesel engine. The comparison objects are a serial piston of diesel engine and an experimental piston with improved rigidity of skirt provided by special stiffening ribs joining the skirt wall with piston bosses. The results of modeling show the advantage of the experimental piston over serial one by signs of decrease of mechanical losses by 4%, of skirt wear by 33%, of temperatures of combustion chamber center and piston top edge accordingly by 5 and 10%. The experimental check allows to establish that the experimental piston with other equal conditions of turning without compression, combustion and cooling provides the decrease in the moment of resistance to turning by 3%, in temperatures of cylinder wall by 9% and motor oil by 6%. The results of comparative modeling and experiment highlight the certain prospect of substitution of serial piston for the experimental one, which is caused by possibility of significant decrease of temperature of the piston top and mechanical losses.
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32

Wang, Yi, Limin Wu, Shuo Liu, Mei Li, and Yi Cui. "Fretting fatigue optimization of piston skirt top surface of marine diesel engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 4 (April 27, 2018): 1453–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218771723.

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Composite pistons are often used in highly rated marine diesel engines. Fretting usually occurs on the mating surfaces of piston crown and skirt due to alternating loads. A finite element contact model is introduced to calculate the temperature and stress distribution in the composite piston of a marine diesel engine. The Archard model and Smith–Watson–Topper parameter (a prediction parameter of fretting fatigue, also called SWT parameter for short), which is used as fretting wear and fatigue criteria, are calculated according to the stress and strain variation and relative slip on the contact surface. The model has been validated by previous cylindrical–flat contact experiments. The effects of shape of contact face and pretension of bolts on fretting performance have been analyzed. To reduce the possibility of fretting failure of the composite piston, the expression of the generating line of the piston skirt contact surface has been designed by Theory of elasticity. The parameters of the generating line have been optimized with nonlinear sequential quadratic programming and finite element mesh updating method. The optimization results show that the fretting fatigue parameter SWT on the optimized contact surface can be reduced by more than 35.6%, which means the longer fatigue life of the pistons. Some suggestions for designing contact surfaces have also been proposed. In the end, the design was proved by durability tests of the engine.
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33

Meng, Zhen, Linfeng Zhang, and Tian Tian. "Study of Break-In Process and its Effects on Piston Skirt Lubrication in Internal Combustion Engines." Lubricants 7, no. 11 (November 2, 2019): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants7110098.

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The piston skirt is one of the main contributors to the total mechanical loss in internal combustion engines. Usually, the skirt friction experiences a rapid change during the break-in period largely due to the wear of the machine marks or roughness against soft coatings. It is thus important to consider the effect of the change of the roughness for a realistic prediction of the piston skirt friction and system optimization. In this work, an existing model of piston skirt lubrication was improved with the consideration of a breaking in process for the most commonly used triangle machine marks. A new set of flow factors in the averaged Reynolds equation were analytically derived for the trapezoid shape formed after wear of the original triangle shape. A new asperity contact model was developed for the trapezoid shape. The calculation results reflect the trend of friction mean effective pressure (FMEP) during break-in in an engine test and showed quantitative agreement under the same amount of wear.
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34

Ahmed, Kellaci, Khelidj Benyoucef, Mazouzi Redha, and Lounis Mourad. "The Effect of Piston Skirt Profile on EHD Lubrication in an Internal Combustion Engine." Advanced Materials Research 787 (September 2013): 704–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.787.704.

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This investigation is concerned with the elastohydrodynamic lubrication of the piston skirt / cylinder link of an internal combustion engine. In such compliant structures, the thickness of the lubricant film depends not only on the elastic deformation elements of the mechanism but also on their profiles. We have developed a computer program to study the effect of the profile of the piston skirt on the lubricant film. This program is based on a two-dimensional description of the lubricant film flow and a three-dimensional deformation of solids. The Reynolds equation defines the behavior of hydrodynamic film of oil in the liaison piston skirt / cylinder, and the equations of static and elastic equilibrium quantify the behavior of the structure. These Equations are solved numerically by using the finite differences method.
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35

Graddage, M. J., F. J. Czysz, and A. Killinger. "Field Testing to Validate Models Used in Explaining a Piston Problem in a Large Diesel Engine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 721–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906765.

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Two crankcase explosions occurred within one month in diesel engines that drive large emergency generator sets at a nuclear power plant in Eastern Pennsylvania. As a result, the electric utility conducted an extensive investigation to determine the root cause(s) of the problem. Initial inspections confirmed that the crankcase explosions were the result of pistons and liners becoming overheated. The technical challenge was to establish why the pistons and liners were overheating when other engines of the same type did not appear to have the problem in the same duty. Analytical models of piston motion, engine start, and run thermodynamics, and a finite element analysis of piston distortion during engine start and load transients were developed. Preliminary work with these models predicted a feature of the piston design that could adversely affect lubrication conditions during a rapid start and load transient. Final input data to refine the models were needed and these were obtained from tests carried out on a similar diesel generator operated by a municipality in Iowa. This paper describes the successful accomplishment of the field tests using state-of-the-art instrumentation and recording equipment. It also shows how the modeling and test work identified wear at certain locations on the piston skirt as the origin of distress leading to the crankcase explosions. Unfavorable engine starting and loading conditions as well as less than desirable piston skirt-to-liner lubrication conditions in the engines at the nuclear power plant have been identified as the root causes and corrective action has been initiated.
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36

Zhu, Dong, Yuan-Zhong Hu, Herbert S. Cheng, Takayuki Arai, and Kyugo Hamai. "A Numerical Analysis for Piston Skirts in Mixed Lubrication: Part II—Deformation Considerations." Journal of Tribology 115, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2920965.

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This paper presents a mathematical model for piston skirts in mixed lubrication. It takes into account the effects of surface waviness, roughness, piston skirt surface profile, bulk elastic deformation and thermal distortion of both piston skirts and cylinder bore on piston motion, lubrication and friction. The corresponding computer program developed can be used to calculate the entire piston trajectory and the hydrodynamic and contact friction forces as functions of crank angle under engine running conditions. Complete distributions of the oil film thickness and elastic deformation as well as the hydrodynamic and contact pressures can also be given at any crank angle if needed. This paper is the second part of a series of two papers. The first part (Basic Modeling), presented earlier by Zhu et al. (1991), gave the basic formulation and some preliminary results without bulk deformation considerations. In the present part, the three-dimensional finite element method is used to calculate so-called influence coefficient matrices. These matrices are repeatedly used to compute bulk elastic deformations of piston skirts. Results for 12 different cases are presented, and discussions are given focusing on the influences of elastic and thermal deformations on piston motion, lubrication and friction. An attempt to compare the calculated friction with experimental data is made, and agreement appears good for the two available cases. The computer program presented should be a useful tool for piston design and development.
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37

Tan, Yeow-Chong, and Zaidi Mohd Ripin. "Technique to determine instantaneous piston skirt friction during piston slap." Tribology International 74 (June 2014): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2014.02.014.

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38

Mazouzi, Ridha, Ahmed Kellaci, and Abdelkader Karas. "Effects of piston design parameters on skirt-liner dynamic behavior." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 68, no. 2 (March 14, 2016): 250–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-07-2015-0103.

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Purpose – This paper aims to study the effect of piston skirt design parameters on the dynamic characteristics of a piston–cylinder contact. Design/methodology/pproach – This paper focuses on an analysis of the piston dynamic response. The oil-film pressure and the structural deformation were approximated, respectively, by finite difference method and finite element method. Findings – The results show that the design parameters such as clearance, offset and the axial location of piston pin have a great influence on the dynamics of the piston and hence on the piston slap phenomenon and the frictional power loss. Originality/value – All the results mainly focus on the slap noise of the engine and can be used in the piston–liner development at the development of the engine.
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39

Marchenko, A. P., V. O. Pylyov, O. U. Linkov, and S. V. Lykov. "COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE CREEP OF PISTON ALUMINUM ALLOYS." Internal Combustion Engines, no. 2 (July 26, 2021): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/0419-8719.2021.2.06.

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The paper deals with the issues of reliability of piston materials in the process of increasing engine power. It is precisely the increase in the liter power of engines while ensuring environmental and economic requirements that is today one of the main areas of work in engine manufacturing. Studies have shown that material creep has significantly affects on the reliability of internal combustion engine parts. The most thermally loaded engine element is a piston. The main critical areas for it can be identified: the edge of the combustion chamber, the area of the piston rings and the piston skirt. The appearance of seizures on the piston skirt is sometimes observed even during the engine initial tests at the engine power increasing. Thus, we can speak about the relevance of the problem of identifying the reasons for reaching the critical state of the piston material. Based on these data, it becomes possible to develop measures to ensure the reliable operation of the piston. Among the most common materials for the manufacture of pistons are aluminum alloys AL25 and AK4. The chemical composition of these alloys varies considerably. The study obtained coefficients for calculating the creep rate for these materials. The identification of the calculation of the creep deformation of aluminum alloys at different stress levels, for different temperatures is carried out. The upper boundary of the region of model adequacy in terms of temperatures and stresses is determined. The creep rate of aluminum alloys is analyzed at different temperatures. In the conclusions, a comparison of the piston materials is made and the advantages of the AK4 alloy in comparison with the AL25 alloy, which are coming out when the engine power is increased, are indicated. The direction of further research is also indicated, which is associated with the analysis of the deformation of the considered materials at the first stage of creep.
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40

Qin, Yuexia. "New method to measure piston skirt dimensions." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering (English Edition) 17, no. 03 (2004): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/cjme.2004.03.368.

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41

Krzyzak, Zenon, and Pawel Pawlus. "‘Zero-wear’ of piston skirt surface topography." Wear 260, no. 4-5 (February 2006): 554–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2005.03.038.

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42

Makarov, A. R., S. V. Smirnov, and S. V. Osokin. "Mathematical modeling of piston movement in a cylinder." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 8, no. 2-1 (January 20, 2014): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-67648.

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The article proposes a mathematical model of the dynamics of piston movement in a cylinder in a layer of grease. The basic equations of the piston movement, the equations describing the problem of elastohydrodynamic friction of the piston skirt in a cylinder, and the algorithm of their simultaneous solution are considered.
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43

Guo, Pei Pei, and Wen Zhi Gao. "FEM Analysis on Block Vibration of Diesel Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 155-156 (February 2012): 1086–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.155-156.1086.

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In order to evaluate the vibration history of the engine block and predict its surface vibration status, a FEM model on 4102BZQ Diesel Engine block was constructed. Based on the cylinder pressure curve of 4102BZQ, some important exciting forces applied on the block were calculated. ANSYS software was used to compute and analyze dynamic response of the block. Simultaneously the node displacement history of the block model was obtained. The results of calculation and analysis showed that the vibration of the block skirts was more intense and the skirt was the main factor to influence the reliability of the engine. Cylinder head bolt force and piston slap force had significant effect on the top area of the block, and the surface vibration of the skirt was strongly influenced by the crank shaft load.
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44

Zhang, Bao Cheng, Tong Li, Hai Fei Zhan, and Yuan Tong Gu. "Impact of the Piston Secondary Motion on its Slap Force." Applied Mechanics and Materials 553 (May 2014): 582–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.553.582.

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A theoretical model is developed for the analysis of piston secondary motion. Based on this model, the slap force of a specific L6 diesel engine was compared when considering different boundary conditions, such as lubricating oil on cylinder liner, surface roughness, deformation of cylinder liner and piston skirt. It is concluded that it is necessary to consider the secondary motion of piston in the analysis of the inner excitation for an internal combustion engine. A more comprehensive consideration of the boundary condition (i.e., more close to the actual condition) will lead to a smaller maximum slap force, and among all boundary conditions considered in this paper, the structural deformation of the piston skirt and cylinder liner is the most influential factor. The theoretical model developed and findings obtained in this study will benefit the future analysis and design of advanced internal combustion engine structures.
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45

Meng, Fanming, Minggang Du, Xianfu Wang, Yuanpei Chen, and Qing Zhang. "Effect of axial piston pin motion on tribo-dynamics of piston skirt-cylinder liner system." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 70, no. 1 (January 8, 2018): 140–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-09-2016-0229.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the axial piston pin motion on the tribological performances of the piston skirt and cylinder liner vibration for an internal combustion engine (ICE) under different operation conditions. Design/methodology/approach The dynamic equation for the piston incorporating into axial piston pin motion is derived first. Then, the proposed equation and associated lubrication equations are solved using the Broyden algorithm and difference method, respectively. Moreover, the axial motion of the piston pin and its slap on the cylinder liner are studied under different operation conditions. Findings The axial piston pin motion leads to an overall increase in the friction power consumption. Increments in the ICE speed and lubricant viscosity can augment the axial pin motion and cylinder liner vibration, especially in the power stroke. The said increments cause the instability of the piston motion in the cylinder. The axial motion of piston pin can be restrained through the eccentricity of the piston pin close to the thrust side of the cylinder liner. Originality/value This study conducts detailed discussions of the effect of axial piston pin motion on tribological and dynamic performances for piston skirt-cylinder liner system of an internal combustion engine and gives a helpful reference to analyses and designs of internal combustion engines.
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46

Li, Cheng Ying, Jin Zhang, and Wei Wei. "Mechanism Analysis of Magnetostrictive Turning for Piston Skirt Processing." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 2134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.2134.

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The paper presents a turning method by using the magnetostrictive transducer as drive source, this method set up a self-made magnetostrictive tool-post on the CNC lathe. Theoretically, based on the theory analysis of piston skirt varying to oval cross section and middle-convex mold line, this paper expounds the reality of the magnetostrictive turning machining mechanism of middle-convex and varying surface. Experimental results show that this method can not only satisfy the requirements of design, but also simplify workpiece process, establishing theoretical and experimental basis for magnetostrictive material applied to the piston skirt middle-convex and varying surface truning machining.
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47

Wang, Chun Yang, Peng Zhai, Hong Yang Zhang, and Kun Zhang. "Algorithm of Transition Curve of Shaped Piston Cylindrical Cross Section." Applied Mechanics and Materials 740 (March 2015): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.740.154.

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Piston is one of important parts of engine. It is meaningful to modify piston machining. The motion characteristics of shaped-piston cylindrical surface and profile were analyzed. A fitting transition curve method for the piston skirt cylindrical profile was proposed, which could satisfy requirements of smooth and non-impact, especially at the starting point and the ending point. And the machining profile data were generated by interpolating in Matlab. This result provides references for the piston design.
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48

Xu, Qin Chao, Shu Zong Wang, and Yong Qing Lian. "Thermal Transfer Boundary Condition and Thermal Load of Piston for Torpedo Cam Engines." Materials Science Forum 704-705 (December 2011): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.704-705.619.

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Piston of cam engines for torpedo works in terrible condition and always be caused fatigue breakdown by thermal load. In this paper, the thermal boundary condition of different piston parts are ascertained, such as the crown surface of piston and high-temp gas, the side of piston and cooling water, and the skirt of piston and cooling oil. Then the piston’s temperature field is obtained by using the finite element analysis software. This result provides the practical reference for further improving the structure and optimizing the design of the piston. Keywords: cam engine; piston; heat-transfer coefficient; temperature field.
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49

Fracchia, Elisa, Federico Simone Gobber, Mario Rosso, Marco Actis Grande, Jana Bidulská, and Róbert Bidulský. "Junction Characterization in a Functionally Graded Aluminum Part." Materials 12, no. 21 (October 24, 2019): 3475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12213475.

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Aluminum alloys are widely used to produce automotive components, thanks to their great mechanical properties–to–density ratio. Engine components such as pistons are conventionally produced by casting of Al–Si eutectic alloys (Silumin alloys) such as EN AC 48000. Due to the harsh working conditions and the lower ductility if compared to aluminum–silicon alloys with lower silicon content, pistons made of this alloy are prone to fatigue failures in the skirt region. In order to overcome such limits, the use of a Functionally Graded Material (FGM) in the production of a piston is proposed. The adoption of a functionally graded architecture can maximize the properties of the component in specific areas. A higher level of thermal resistance in the crown of the piston can be achieved with EN AC 48000 (AlSi12CuNiMg), while higher elongation at rupture in the skirt region would be conferred by an EN AC 42100 (AlSi9Mg0.3). The FGM properties are strictly related to the metallurgical bonding between the alloys as well as to the presence of intermetallic phases in the alloys junction. In the present article, the characterization of gravity casted FGM samples based on Al–Si alloys with respect to microstructure and mechanical testing is presented, with a specific focus on the characterization by impact testing of the joint between the two alloys.
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50

Kageyama, H. "Study of the simulation of piston skirt contact." JSAE Review 15, no. 1 (January 1994): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0389-4304(94)90002-7.

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