Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pipeline graphique

Academic literature on the topic 'Pipeline graphique'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 1 June 2024

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Conference papers

Journal articles on the topic "Pipeline graphique":

1

Bougaenko, S. E., E. Yu Rivkin, and B. S. Rodchenkov. "Strength Aspects of Safety and Life Extension of RBMK Reactors." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 113, no. 2 (May 1, 1991): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2928738.

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RBMK channel power reactors belong to the one-loop boiling water reactors with graphite as a moderator. Equipment, pipelines and core elements are the main components of the coolant recirculation circuit. Analysis in terms of fracture mechanics shows that the circuit elements conform to the “leak-before-break” criterion, with the pipelines and equipment keeping their availability during the whole design operation period. The core is a critical component for the circuit availability.
2

Zabulonov, Yu, O. Puhach, Yu Kyseliov, L. Odukalec, and V. Burtniak. "RESTORATION OF WATER BODIES POLLUTED WITH REFINED PRODUCTS USING EXTENDED GRAPHITE SORBENT." Geochemistry of Technogenesis 5, no. 33 (2021): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.33.094.

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Oil and its distillation products play an important role in human life. In the process of distilling oil, we get important products for the life of a modern person. It is hard for a person to live without gasoline, diesel fuel, lubricants and polymeric materials. The chemical industry is also heavily dependent on oil. Oil production makes a significant contribution to the economy and at the same time causes significant damage to the habitat of humans and animals. Nowadays the oil production process may cause oil spills into the upper soil layers and water bodies. Also, the likelihood of accidents during the production, transportation and distillation of oil is not excluded. Most accidents occur due to corrosion of pipes, which are not always inspected and replaced in due time. Each pipeline has its own service life, oil companies are required to monitor the condition of pipes, valves, etc. It is necessary to create special commissions to control the transportation routes. It is always better to prevent an accident than to clean up the spill and clean the environment from pollution products. Unfortunately, the leaders of large oil corporations do not want to replace pipelines in time, trying to save some material resources. As a result, animals, birds and inhabitants of reservoirs die. Not only adult representatives of the animal world can die, but their embryos, they are very sensitive even to a small amount of oil and its products. Animals listed in the Red Book are dying. Every year more and more representatives of flora and fauna suffer from human mistakes. Some species are on the verge of extinction. A man in pursuit of technological progress ruins his habitat. A large number of oil fields are located at the bottom of reservoirs, as a result, we have oil spills during production at the bottom and surface of the reservoir. The effect of these processes on fish is almost always lethal. Birds, during migration, are also exposed to the detrimental effects of oil spills. Oil contaminates their feathers and enters the respiratory tract. As a result, contaminated feathers do not allow to continue the flight.
3

Skrbek, Břetislav. "Operational Degradation of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron EN GJS SiMo." Solid State Phenomena 270 (November 2017): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.270.27.

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The specifics of low-alloyed cast irons after EN 16124 standard of type GJS SiMo for high temperature applications of exhaust tracts of internal combustion piston engines. Boundary exposition temperature. Structure failure of cast iron by temperature overloading. Metalography, SEM, XRD of overexposed exhaust pipelines. Failure reason hypothesis of useful properties by exceeding of critical temperature.
4

Tzanis, Evan, Pierpaolo Vivo, Yanik-Pascal Förster, Luca Gamberi, and Alessia Annibale. "Graphie: A network-based visual interface for the UK's primary legislation." F1000Research 12 (March 3, 2023): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.129632.1.

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Background: legislation.gov.uk is a platform that enables users to explore and navigate the many sections of the UK’s legal corpus through its well-designed searching and browsing features. However, there is room for improvement as it lacks the ability to easily move between related sections or Acts and only presents a text-only rendering of provisions. With Graphie, our novel navigational tool (graphie.quantlaw.co.uk), we aim to address this limitation by presenting alternative visualizations of legal documents using both text and graphs. Methods: The building block of Graphie is Sofia, an offline data pipeline designed to support different data visualizations by parsing and modelling data provided by legislation.gov.uk in open access form. Results: Graphie provides a network representation of the hierarchical structure of an Act of Parliament, which is typically organized in a tree-like fashion according to the content and information contained in each sub-branch. Nodes in Graphie represent sections of an Act (or individual provisions), while links embody the hierarchical connections between them. The legal map provided by Graphie is easily navigable by hovering on nodes, which are also color-coded and numbered to provide easily accessible information about the underlying content. The full textual content of each node is also available on a dedicated hyperlinked canvas. Conclusions: While we focus on the Housing Act 2004 for illustrative purposes, our platform is scalable, versatile, and provides users with a unified toolbox to visualize and explore the UK legal corpus in a fast and user-friendly way.
5

Abdrabou, Moataz K., Xue Han, Yimin Zeng, and Ying Zheng. "Harnessing the Power of Microwave Irradiation: A Novel Approach to Bitumen Partial Upgrading." Molecules 28, no. 23 (November 25, 2023): 7769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28237769.

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The partial upgrading of “tar-like” Canadian bitumen is an essential process to reduce its viscosity to an acceptable range that meets the required pipeline specifications. An innovative and potentially greener solution has emerged in the form of microwave irradiation. This work proposes and demonstrates the use of an electrically powered commercial microwave along with carbon-based microwave susceptors (activated carbon, biochar, coke, and graphite) to promote localized thermal cracking within bitumen at a temperature as low as 150 °C, compared to the conventional method of 400 °C. The remarkable results show that just 0.1 wt% of carbon additives can reduce the viscosity of bitumen by 96% with just 10 min of microwaving at 200 °C. A Saturates, Aromatics, Resins, and Asphaltenes (SARA) analysis reveals that the mass fractions of light components (saturates) are almost doubled and that almost one-third of heavy polar hydrocarbon constituents are cracked and decomposed into much lighter molecules, resulting in higher-quality, less viscous bitumen. Furthermore, this study highlights the key role of the surface area and porosity of the carbon microwave susceptor in absorbing microwave radiation, offering exciting new avenues for optimization. Microwave-assisted partial upgrading of bitumen is a cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative to conventional upgrading, producing upgraded bitumen that requires significantly less diluent at a lower cost prior to pipeline transportation.
6

Feng, Xiaoyong, and Hyun Chul Lee. "A Concept of Online Refueling TRISO-Fueled and Salt-Cooled Reactor." International Journal of Energy Research 2024 (April 16, 2024): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/2548688.

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This paper introduces a novel concept of a TRISO-fueled salt-cooled reactor (TFSCR). The core contains circulating pipes filled with molten salt carrying TRISO particles. The reactor achieves online refueling by slowly circulating the molten salt through the pipeline. The reactor utilizes the same molten salt as the coolant and graphite as the moderator. The reactor design has the characteristics of safety, economy, and nonproliferation. TRISO particles exhibit greater resistance to neutron irradiation, corrosion, oxidation, and high temperatures compared to conventional fuels. A molten salt-cooled reactor can also operate at higher temperatures, consequently enhancing power generation efficiency. Furthermore, lower operating pressures can mitigate the risk of significant damages and loss of coolant caused by accidents, thereby enhancing reactor safety. This paper presents the basic nuclear design of TFSCR under the assumptions concerning the average fuel power density, the volumetric core power density, and the core temperature. At the same time, the feasibility of online refueling and long-life operation was evaluated by fuel burnup calculation.
7

Asghar, M. Sajid Ali, Muhammad Amir, Umer Hussain, and Mohammed M. Sabri. "Zinc and graphene oxide composites as new protective coatings for oil and gas pipes." Polimery 68, no. 7-8 (October 18, 2023): 378–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2023.7.3.

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A method was developed to obtain a durable coating consisting of zinc and graphene oxide (Zn-GO) in order to reduce the mechanical wear and tear rate of oil and gas pipelines made of steel. Graphene oxide was obtained from graphite by wet chemical oxidation (unmodified and modified Hummers’ method) using potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid. The process was carried out at various temperatures. The steel was covered with an ultrathin layer of Zn-GO using the electrophoretic deposition method. The GO particle size (< 90 nm) was confirmed by XRD and laser analysis. For GO particles obtained by the modified Hummers’ method, a significant correlation was observed in the scratch (R2 = 0.87) and the Vickers microhardness tests (R2 = 0.93), which indicates a lower wear rate of Zn-GO-coated steel.
8

Минченков, А. В. "On the mechanism of corrosion resistance of cast iron pipes: theory and practice." Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaia tehnika, no. 1 (January 15, 2024): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35776/vst.2024.01.04.

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Рассмотрены стадии коррозии серого чугуна, в результате чего в процессе многолетнего замещения на графитную составляющую железо металлической матрицы фактически остается законсервированным слоем некорродирующего графита. Благодаря этому срок службы чугунных труб, даже без дополнительной антикоррозионной защиты, реально может достигать 100–150 лет. Коррозионная стойкость высокопрочного чугуна (ВЧШГ) по сравнению с серым чугуном выше в среднем соотношении 0,76. На практике трубы из ВЧШГ поставляются с защитными покрытиями, что обеспечивает дополнительную коррозионную защиту и в течение долгого времени предохраняет стенки трубопроводов. В международном стандарте ISO 21053:2019 «Анализ цикла жизни и утилизации труб из высокопрочного чугуна при их использовании в системах водообеспечения» (пункт 6) указан общепризнанный срок службы труб из ВЧШГ – 100 лет. The stages of gray cast iron corrosion are considered, that result in the process of many years of replacement by the graphite component, and the iron of the metal matrix actually remains a preserved layer of non-corroding graphite. Owing to this, the service life of cast iron pipes, even without additional anti-corrosion protection, can actually reach 100–150 years. The corrosion resistance of ductile iron compared to gray cast iron is higher in an average ratio of 0.76. In practice, ductile iron pipes are supplied with protective coatings that provide for additional corrosion protection of the pipeline walls for a long time. The international standard ISO 21053:2019 «Life cycle analysis and disposal of ductile iron pipes while used in water supply systems» (clause 6) indicates the generally accepted service life of ductile iron pipes of 100 years.
9

Haruna, B. I., K. Adebayo, J. E. Sani, G. Moses, and S. I. Ibrahim. "Effect of Ethanol and Acetone Cosolvents in Enhancing Electrokinetic Remediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil Obtained from a Pipeline and Storage Company, Kaduna Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 27, no. 5 (May 31, 2023): 933–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v27i5.7.

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A lot of work has shown that despite the effectiveness of the traditional electrokinetic remediation (EKR) technology in decontaminating soils with different types and amounts of contaminants, it can be enhanced by a number of strategies for extra effective performance. This work presents the effect of ethanol and acetone cosolvents in enhancing EKR of crude oil contaminated soil (COCS), collected at a depth of 1 m from a petroleum pipeline and storage company, Kaduna Nigeria using graphite electrodes to pass 1 V DC/cm across EKR setups enhanced by incorporating 20% ethanol and 20% acetone separately as cosolvents in the anode compartments of the setups. The total petroleum hydrocarbon results showed that the crude oil content of 78,600 mg/kg present in the COCS exceeds permissible limits for soils. Average removal efficiencies of 74.61% and 67.79% obtained from 20% ethanol and 20% acetone cosolvents enhancements respectively showed that 20% ethanol, with higher removal efficiency, is a better cosolvents for COCS than 20% acetone. Although 20% ethanol has been shown to be a better cosolvents compared to 20% acetone, either of them can be incorporated into EKR technology for enhancing the remediation of COCS.
10

Wang, Bingqin, Tao Liu, Kai Tao, Lingsheng Zhu, Chao Liu, Xingyue Yong, and Xuequn Cheng. "A Study of the Mechanisms and Kinetics of the Localized Corrosion Aggravation of Ductile Iron in a Harsh Water Quality Environment." Metals 12, no. 12 (December 7, 2022): 2103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12122103.

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Ductile iron is a high-strength cast iron material. The spherical graphite obtained by inoculation treatment effectively improves the mechanical properties of cast iron, resulting in higher strength than carbon steel. However, severe corrosion may occur under specific circumstances, especially in thermal water pipelines. In this paper, the corrosion mechanisms at the main defective points of ductile iron were investigated using microscopic morphological characterization after accelerated tests combined with numerical simulations. The influence law of each environmental factor on the corrosion kinetics of ductile iron in a complex water quality environment was studied using dynamic potential polarization tests. The results showed that the main causative factors leading to the increased corrosion of ductile iron were the presence of tail-like gaps on its surface, and the crescent-shaped shrinkage and loosening organization around the graphite spheres. After mechanical treatment was applied to eliminate the obvious defects, the number of corrosion pits was reduced by 41.6%, and the depth of the pits was slowed down by 40% after five days. By comparison, after ten days, the number of pits was reduced by 51%, and the depth of the pits was slowed down by 50%. The dynamic potential polarization test results show that the dissolved oxygen concentration has the greatest influence on the corrosion of ductile iron in the simulated water environment; meanwhile, the water hardness can slow down the corrosion of ductile iron. The relative influence of each environmental factor is as follows: dissolved oxygen concentration > temperature > immersion time > water hardness > pH > Cl−.
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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Pipeline graphique' for particular source types:
Journal articles Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pipeline graphique":

1

Crassin, Cyril. "GigaVoxels : un pipeline de rendu basé Voxel pour l'exploration efficace de scènes larges et détaillées." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00650161.

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Dans cette thèse, nous présentons une nouvelle approche efficace pour le rendu de scènes vastes et d'objets détaillés en temps réel. Notre approche est basée sur une nouvelle représentation pré-filtrée et volumique de la géométrie et un lancer de cone basé-voxel qui permet un rendu précis et haute performance avec une haute qualité de filtrage de géométries très détaillées. Afin de faire de cette représentation voxel une primitive de rendu standard pour le temps-réel, nous proposons une nouvelle approche basée sur les GPUs conçus entièrement pour passer à l'échelle et supporter ainsi le rendu des volumes de données très volumineux. Notre système permet d'atteindre des performances de rendu en temps réel pour plusieurs milliards de voxels. Notre structure de données exploite le fait que dans les scènes CG, les détails sont souvent concentrées sur l'interface entre l'espace libre et des grappes de densité et montre que les modèles volumétriques pourrait devenir une alternative intéressante en tant que rendu primitif pour les applications temps réel. Dans cet esprit, nous permettons à un compromis entre qualité et performances et exploitons la cohérence temporelle. Notre solution est basée sur une représentation hiérarchiques des données adaptées en fonction de la vue actuelle et les informations d'occlusion, couplé à un algorithme de rendu par lancer de rayons efficace. Nous introduisons un mécanisme de cache pour le GPU offrant une pagination très efficace de données dans la mémoire vidéo et mis en œuvre comme un processus data-parallel très efficace. Ce cache est couplé avec un pipeline de production de données capable de charger dynamiquement des données à partir de la mémoire centrale, ou de produire des voxels directement sur le GPU. Un élément clé de notre méthode est de guider la production des données et la mise en cache en mémoire vidéo directement à partir de demandes de données et d'informations d'utilisation émises directement lors du rendu. Nous démontrons notre approche avec plusieurs applications. Nous montrons aussi comment notre modèle géométrique pré-filtré et notre lancer de cones approximé peuvent être utilisés pour calculer très efficacement divers effets de flou ainsi d'éclairage indirect en temps réel.
2

Schertzer, Jérémie. "Exploiting modern GPUs architecture for real-time rendering of massive line sets." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022IPPAT037.

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Dans cette thèse, nous considérons des grands ensembles de lignes générés à partir de tractogrammes cérébraux. Ils décrivent des connexions neuronales représentées par des millions de fibres poly-lignes, comptant des milliards de segments. Grâce au mesh shader pipeline, nous construisons un moteur de rendu de tractogrammes aux performances surpassant l'état de l'art de deux ordres de grandeur.Nos performances proviennent des fiblets : une représentation compressée de blocs de segments. En combinant cohérence temporelle et dilatation morphologique du z-buffer, nous définissons un test d'occlusion rapide pour l'élimination de fiblets. Grâce à notre algorithme de décompression parallèle fortement optimisé, les fiblets survivants sont efficacement synthétisés en poly-lignes. Nous montrons également comment notre pipeline de fiblets accélère des fonctionnalités d'interactions avancées avec les tractogrammes.Pour le cas général du rendu des lignes, nous proposons la marche morphologique : une technique en espace écran qui rend des tubes d'épaisseur modifiable à partir des lignes fines rastérisées du G-buffer. En approximant un tube comme l'union de sphères densément réparties le long de ses axes, chaque sphère occupant chaque pixel est récupérée au moyen d'un filtre multi-passes de propagation de voisinage. Accéléré par le compute pipeline, nous atteignons des performances temps réel pour le rendu de lignes épaisses.Pour conclure notre travail, nous implémentons un prototype de réalité virtuelle combinant fiblets et marche morphologique. Il permet pour la première fois la visualisation immersive de grands tractogrammes constitués de fibres épaisses, ouvrant ainsi la voie à des perspectives diverses
In this thesis, we consider massive line sets generated from brain tractograms. They describe neural connections that are represented with millions of poly-line fibers, summing up to billions of segments. Thanks to the two-staged mesh shader pipeline, we build a tractogram renderer surpassing state-of-the-art performances by two orders of magnitude.Our performances come from fiblets: a compressed representation of segment blocks. By combining temporal coherence and morphological dilation on the z-buffer, we define a fast occlusion culling test for fiblets. Thanks to our heavily-optimized parallel decompression algorithm, surviving fiblets are swiftly synthesized to poly-lines. We also showcase how our fiblet pipeline speeds-up advanced tractogram interaction features.For the general case of line rendering, we propose morphological marching: a screen-space technique rendering custom-width tubes from the thin rasterized lines of the G-buffer. By approximating a tube as the union of spheres densely distributed along its axes, each sphere shading each pixel is retrieved relying on a multi-pass neighborhood propagation filter. Accelerated by the compute pipeline, we reach real-time performances for the rendering of depth-dependant wide lines.To conclude our work, we implement a virtual reality prototype combining fiblets and morphological marching. It makes possible for the first time the immersive visualization of huge tractograms with fast shading of thick fibers, thus paving the way for diverse perspectives

Books on the topic "Pipeline graphique":

1

Bush), United States President (2001-2009 :. Certification for an export to the People's Republic of China: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting certification that the export to the People's Republic of China of the specified items is not detrimental to the United States launch industry and that the material and equipment, including any direct technical benefit that could be derived from such exports, will not measurably improve the missile or space launch capabilities of the People's Republic of China, pursuant to Pub. L. 105-261, sec. 1512. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2004.

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Bush), United States President (2001-2009 :. Certification for an export to the People's Republic of China: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting certification that the export to the People's Republic of China of the specified items is not detrimental to the United States space launch industry, and that the material and equipment, including any indirect technical benefit that could be derived from such exports, will not measurably improve the missile or space launch capabilities of the People's Republic of China, pursuant to Pub. L. 105-261, sec. 1512. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2007.

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Bush), United States President (2001-2009 :. Certification for an export to the People's Republic of China: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting certification that the export to the People's Republic of China of the specified items is not detrimental to the United States space launch industry, and that the material and equipment, including any indirect technical benefit that could be derived from such exports, will not measurably improve the missile or space launch capabilities of the People's Republic of China, pursuant to Pub. L. 105-261, sec. 1512. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2007.

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Bush), United States President (2001-2009 :. Certification for an export to the People's Republic of China: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting certification that the export to the People's Republic of China of the specified items is not detrimental to the United States space launch industry, and that the material and equipment, including any indirect technical benefit that could be derived from such exports, will not measurably improve the missile or space launch capabilities of the People's Republic of China, pursuant to Pub. L. 105-261, sec. 1512. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2005.

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Bush), United States President (2001-2009 :. Certification for an export to the People's Republic of China: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting certification that the export to the People's Republic of China of the specified items is not detrimental to the United States space launch industry, and that the material and equipment, including any indirect technical benefit that could be derived from such exports, will not measurably improve the missile or space launch capabilities of the People's Republic of China, pursuant to Pub. L. 105-261, sec. 1512. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2006.

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Bush), United States President (2001-2009 :. Certification for an export to the People's Republic of China: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting certification that the export to the People's Republic of China of the specified items is not detrimental to the United States space launch industry, and that the material and equipment, including any indirect technical benefit that could be derived from such exports, will not measurably improve the missile or space launch capabilities of the People's Republic of China, pursuant to Pub. L. 105-261, sec. 1512. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2006.

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United States. President (2001-2009 : Bush). Certification for an export to the People's Republic of China: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting certification that the export to the People's Republic of China of the specified items is not detrimental to the United States launch industry and that the material and equipment, including any direct technical benefit that could be derived from such exports, will not measurably improve the missile or space launch capabilities of the People's Republic of China, pursuant to Pub. L. 105-261, sec. 1512. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2004.

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United States. President (2001-2009 : Bush). Certification for an export to the People's Republic of China: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting certification that the export to the People's Republic of China of the specified items is not detrimental to the United States space launch industry, and that the material and equipment, including any indirect technical benefit that could be derived from such exports, will not measurably improve the missile or space launch capabilities of the People's Republic of China, pursuant to Pub. L. 105-261, sec. 1512. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2007.

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United States. President (2001-2009 : Bush). Certification for an export to the People's Republic of China: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting certification that the export to the People's Republic of China of the specified items is not detrimental to the United States space launch industry, and that the material and equipment, including any indirect technical benefit that could be derived from such exports, will not measurably improve the missile or space launch capabilities of the People's Republic of China, pursuant to Pub. L. 105-261, sec. 1512. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2005.

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United States. President (2001-2009 : Bush). Certification for an export to the People's Republic of China: Communication from the President of the United States transmitting certification that the export to the People's Republic of China of the specified items is not detrimental to the United States space launch industry, and that the material and equipment, including any indirect technical benefit that could be derived from such exports, will not measurably improve the missile or space launch capabilities of the People's Republic of China, pursuant to Pub. L. 105-261, sec. 1512. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2006.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pipeline graphique":

1

Wang, Jinhua, Bing Wang, Bin Wu, Yue Li, and Haitao Wang. "Filtration Technology Research of Graphite Dust Produced in Spent Fuel Transportation Process in HTR-PM." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81022.

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With the continuous development of the nuclear power technology in the world, all countries in the world are becoming more and more interested in the inherent safety of nuclear power technology, while the research and development of the spherical bed type high temperature gas cooled reactor nuclear power technology in China has formally catered to this demand. As a major national science and technology project, since the construction of the high temperature gas cooled reactor demonstration project (HTR-PM) since 2012, the civil construction of the nuclear island has been basically completed, the installation of equipment has been carried out orderly, and many process systems have entered debugging and operation stage gradually. As an important auxiliary process system, fuel handling and storage system for online refueling of the pebble bed high temperature gas cooled reactor, plays an important role in relation to the stable operation of the reactor. The main functions of the fuel handling and storage system are loading the fresh fuel elements and unloading the spent fuel elements which has reached its target burnup continuously for reactor operation, the spent fuel elements would be discharged into the spent fuel canister firstly, when the spent fuel storage canister is full of spent fuel, the canister would be sealed through welding method, and then the spent fuel canister would be transferred and stored in the spent fuel storage silo with the ground crane system. The fuel element of the pebble bed high temperature gas cooled reactor is spherical fuel element with graphite matrix, the fuel elements will have friction and collision with the inner wall of the pipeline in transporting process, which will produce graphite dust, the graphite dust should be removed continuously though filtration method, so as not to affect the fuel elements transportation in pipeline. This article focus on the production mechanism and filtering method of the graphite dust in graphite matrix fuel element transporting process in pipeline, to study the graphite dust removal technology, and then we could provide theoretical guidance for the design and operation of the key system and equipment for HTR-PM.
2

Li, Feng, Laibin Zhang, Shaohua Dong, and Wenping Wu. "Numerical Analysis and Research on Sealing Performance of Flange Connection System in Gas Station." In ASME 2023 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2023-105673.

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Abstract Gas stations are vital components in gas gathering and transportation systems. Flanges establish a crucial connection between pipelines, as well as between pipelines and gas station equipment. They primarily rely on the pre-tightening force generated by the bolts to achieve metal sealing. The pre-tightening force is transmitted to the gasket to generate sufficient sealing pressure and avoid fluid medium leaks. The main cause of leakage is a contact gap between the flange and the gasket, which can result in the sealing failure of the flange connection system. The sealing performance of the flange system determines the airtightness of the pipeline system. This paper combined theoretical analysis and simulation to examine the sealing performance of flange system connections in gas stations. Different tightening forces and preloading force sequences were used to numerically analyze the sealing performance of the individual flange components. The compression-rebound characteristics of the flange gaskets and the bolt preload sequences were analyzed, yielding the following results: (1) At different pre-tightening forces, the overall flange stress was uniformly distributed, while the bolt stress was concentrated at the inner side of the stud and the contact position between the bolt and the flange. The stress distribution on the gasket was uniform, with a higher outer than inner stress. (2) The compression rebound curve indicated a certain nonlinearity in the flange gasket at different preloads. Furthermore, the preload caused a flexible graphite metal gasket wound. The degree of elastic or plastic deformation in the gasket increased at a higher preload. Although a higher preload increased the sealing capacity in an appropriate range, excessive preloading induced plastic gasket deformation, causing it to lose its original compression resilience and resulting in seal failure. (3) The flange interaction varied at different loading sequences, while different pre-tightening sequences produced elastic interaction. Therefore, the bolts that were tightened first more significantly affected pre-tightening than those tightened later. Changes were evident in the stress distribution of the gasket, which showed improved sealing performance under sequential and cross-loading.
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Fang, Sheng, Hong Li, and Wenqian Li. "Radiation Protection Calculation and Optimization for Shielding Design Around the Refueling Pipelines of HTR-PM." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82581.

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Abstract:
The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-module (HTR-PM), which is under constructed in Shidao, Shandong Province of China, adopts the spherical graphite coated components as fuel elements. During the operation of the reactor, the spherical fuel elements will be reloaded into the core periodically through the refueling pipelines, which will cause radioactive irradiation to personnel and facilities in several corridors and rooms. The three-dimensional geometry model was built according to the real structure and the radiation shielding design was verified and optimized by the QAD-CGA program. In the calculation, the average gamma intensities of the spherical fuel elements of 15 different cycle times were adopted as the source term. From the results, it can be concluded that: 1) For the 20-meter corridor, the dose rate will be less than 1E−6mSv/h at 30cm outside the concrete wall of 0.6m thickness by single fuel elements; 2) For the 0-meter corridor, an extra 32.0 cm steel shield should be added to satisfy the personnel dose rate limit of 0.03mSv/h; 3) For semiconductor electrical equipment closed to the pipelines, the required steel shield thickness is 12.0 cm under the accumulative dose limit of 50Gy; 4) For non-radiation resistant cables, the required steel shield thickness is 4.5 cm under the accumulative dose limit of 1000Gy.
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Wang, Jinhua, Yuchen Hao, Yue Li, Bin Wu, Haitao Wang, and Tao Ma. "Study on the Transport Mechanism and Troubleshooting Analysis of Spherical Fuel in High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor." In 2021 28th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone28-63134.

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Abstract:
Abstract With the global warming, it is imperative to develop green and environmentally sustainable energy. Although wind and solar energy can meet the demand of civil power to a certain extent, the contribution of nuclear power is still indispensable for large-scale industrial development of power. After several major nuclear power accidents, main countries in the world hope to develop more safe nuclear power technology, which can fundamentally avoid reactor core melting and large-scale radiation leakage accidents. At present, some units of the third-generation nuclear power technology have been put into operation, and its safety is greatly improved compared with the second-generation nuclear power technology. The fourth-generation nuclear power technology is still in the process of development. The Pebble Module High Temperature gas-cooled Reactor demonstration project (HTR-PM) with the fourth-generation nuclear power safety technology in China has been completed and is undergoing commissioning test and trial operation. After the completion of the research and design of high temperature gas cooled reactor demonstration project, the research and design of multi-module high temperature gas cooled reactor is currently under way to meet the economic requirements of the fourth-generation nuclear power technology. The pebble bed high temperature gas cooled reactor developed in China adopts the method of continuous refueling without reactor shutdown to improve the operation rate of the unit. The spherical fuel elements of the reactor are continuously loaded into the core through stainless steel pipes, and the fuel elements reaching the burn up depth are discharged into the spent fuel storage tank through pipes for storage. Considering that the spherical fuel element of high temperature reactor has graphite material matrix, which may cause the element to be damaged due to some special reasons, the separation mechanism of the damaged elements is set at the bottom of the reactor and the bottom of the key equipment, which can separate the fuel elements that do not meet the size requirements for separate storage, so most of the elements in the fuel element transmission pipeline meet transportation requirements. Considering that there are damaged elements in the fuel element transmission pipeline under extreme conditions, it is necessary to ensure that the damaged elements can still be transported in the pipeline. Therefore, it is necessary to study the transmission law of various possible damaged elements in the pipeline, to provide basis for the actual operation of the project. At the same time, if there is a smaller probability of damaged elements, fuel element may stuck in the pipeline, it is required to be able to judge the occurrence of the accident as soon as possible, and use simple and easy methods to remove the element stuck accident, providing the basis for the maintenance of the project. This paper focuses on the transmission law of the damaged elements in the pipeline, the element stuck law and the removal method after the element stuck, to solve the potential accident of the online refueling system of the high temperature reactor to a certain extent, which has an important role in the operation and maintenance of practical engineering projects.

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