Journal articles on the topic 'Pioneers Australia'
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1
Heckenberg, Kerry. "Out of the Frying Pan: Voyaging to Queensland in 1863 on Board the Fiery Star." Queensland Review 17, no. 2 (July 2010): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600005407.
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This article had its genesis in a family photograph of my paternal grandmother's parents, Rowland and Rebecca Walton (see Figure 1). I knew little about them apart from their English origins, but their appearance was intriguing: definitely stalwart pioneers, but what kind of pioneers? Popular cultural knowledge in Australia provides one central image of the pioneer, summed up concisely by Katharine Susannah Prichard: ‘It will be a nation of pioneers, with all the adventurous, toiling strain of the men and women who came over the sea and conquered the wilderness.’ Prichard's notion was directly inspired by a painting, The Pioneer (1904) by Frederick McCubbin (1855–1917), described by Tim Bonyhady as ‘one of the most influential paintings of the emigrant experience in Australia’. Utilising a triptych fonnat, it recounts (in the words of a contemporary reviewer) ‘its own legend of the useful toil, the homely joys, and destiny obscure of the pioneer, who does not live, as the rude cross in the third panel indicates, to see the growth or share in the prosperity of the fine city seen in the background of the panel’.
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Shellam, Tiffany, and Joanna Sassoon. "‘My country’s heart is in the market place’: Tom Stannage interviewed by Peter Read." Public History Review 20 (December 31, 2013): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/phrj.v20i0.3747.
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Tom Stannage was one among many historians in the 1970s uncovering histories of Australia which were to challenge national narratives and community memories. In 1971, Tom returned to Western Australia after writing his PhD in Cambridge with the passion to write urban history and an understanding that in order to do so, he needed an emotional engagement with place. What he had yet to realize was the power of community memories in Western Australia to shape and preserve ideas about their place. As part of his research on the history of Perth, Tom saw how the written histories of Western Australia had been shaped by community mythologies – in particular that of the rural pioneer. He identified the consensus or ‘gentry tradition’ in Western Australian writing. In teasing out histories of conflict, he showed how the gentry tradition of rural pioneer histories silenced those of race and gender relations, convictism and poverty which were found in both rural and urban areas. His versions of history began to unsettle parts of the Perth community who found the ‘pioneer myth’ framed their consensus world-view and whose families were themselves the living links to these ‘pioneers’.
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Norton, Raymond S., and Kenneth D. Winkel. "Toxinology in Australia—Pioneers to Frontiers." Toxicon 48, no. 7 (December 2006): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.07.013.
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Williams, Paul R. "Fire-stimulated rainforest seedling recruitment and vegetative regeneration in a densely grassed wet sclerophyll forest of north-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 48, no. 5 (2000): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt99020.
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Details of plant regeneration, combined with soil seedbank data, are documented for a densely grassed wet sclerophyll forest in north-eastern Australia. The following two hypotheses were tested: (1) that established individuals of rainforest pioneer species are killed by low to moderate intensity fires and (2) that seedling recruitment of these species is evenly distributed throughout the intervals between fires. Both the sclerophyll and rainforest pioneer species displayed strong regenerative abilities as a response to low or moderate intensity fires. Most of the rainforest pioneer species were not killed by two recent fires but vegetatively regenerated. Alstonia muelleriana showed fire-enhanced vegetative expansion via root suckering. Both the sclerophyll and rainforest pioneer species were found to recruit seedlings primarily as a pulse in the first year or two after a fire, with limited recruitment after longer intervals between fires. This is consistent with suggestions that grass competition may limit tree recruitment. The germinable soil seedbank was dominated by rainforest pioneers, herbs and grasses, with heat treatment of the seedbank enhancing seed germination of two rainforest pioneer species. These results demonstrate the ability of rainforest pioneers to exploit the post-fire environment and indicate the complex nature of rainforest boundary dynamics. Further research into tropical rainforest expansion is required to examine the effects of fire regimes on vegetative and seedling regeneration across a range of sites.
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Guoth, Nicholas. "Advancing trade with China: The Eastern and Australian Mail Steam Company and the 1873–1880 mail contract." International Journal of Maritime History 31, no. 2 (May 2019): 263–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871419833524.
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The Eastern and Australian Mail Steam Company altered the dynamics of sea transport between China and Australia in the late nineteenth century. From 1873 to 1880, this shipping company initiated a new, regular, and permanent route between China and Australia that assisted in the development of stronger trade relationships. The company fulfilled this on the back of a mail contract with the Queensland government. What transpired during the mail contract, its impacts, and its legacies have left an indelible, though unrecognised, positive mark on Australia’s trade relationships with China. As such, Eastern and Australian were one of the pioneers in brokering regular international trade routes for colonial Australian merchants and governments. They also became an integral element in the eventual transition from sail to steam, not only along the China-Australia route but also for all Australian international shipping.
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Rood, Sarah, and Katherine Sheedy. "Conclusion - Towards the future: celebration of a Jubilee." Microbiology Australia 30, no. 3 (2009): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma09s50.
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The founders of the Australian Society for Microbiology were pioneers. They were idealists with a vision. They took decisive action in response to an identified need – a need for a scientific community that united microbiologists across Australia. They were motivated also by a desire to further the science of microbiology, so they created a learned society for microbiology. The year 2009 marks 50 years since the establishment of this Society. While it has changed markedly since 1959, it remains a vibrant, dynamic Society that continues to be dedicated to microbiology and microbiologists in Australia.
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Tam, D. "PR50P�THE PIONEERS OF PLASTIC SURGERY IN AUSTRALIA." ANZ Journal of Surgery 79 (May 2009): A64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.2009.04927_50.x.
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Al-Natour, Ryan. "The Racist ‘Not Racism’ Nature of Islamophobia within the Reclaim Australia Movement." Journal of the Contemporary Study of Islam 2, no. 2 (August 24, 2021): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37264/jcsi.v2i2.60.
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This article tracks the Islamophobia within the Reclaim Australia movement. The movement organized several anti-Muslim rallies in regional and urban areas across Australia. The formation of this movement in 2015 was entirely based on anti-Muslim racism, as the movement’s pioneers gained traction through their interactions with white supremacist groups. The nature of the movement’s Islamophobia had illustrated how Reclaim Australia’s proponents saw their racism as indistinguishable from celebrating Australian patriotism. This article uncovers how an explicitly racist movement commonly argued that their anti-Muslim positions were ‘not racism’, revealing how denial is at the heart of contemporary Islamophobia. Within these ‘not racism’ narratives, Reclaim Australia enthusiasts utilized strategies that both mobilize notions of race and then denied such mobilization.
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Blackham, Jack. "Initiative Capability: A Survey Of The Talent Of Society In The Australian Rail Corporarion." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 03, no. 04 (April 30, 2021): 412–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume03issue04-64.
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This paper examines the significance of administration ability in the rail business in Australia. In the same way as other different nations all throughout the planet, rail is grieved by its capacity to pull in new ability as more seasoned pioneers with specific information resign. This investigation tried to recognize whether the area is taking advantage of the ability previously existing inside, realizing the obstructions looked in pulling in new corporarion contestants, and questions how can be dealt with fortify current ways to deal with creating pioneers. In investigating the importance of initiative ability, from an abilities based viewpoint with three degrees of pioneers, mixed strategies utilizing semi-organized meetings and a review were used. The investigation is significant on the grounds that it centers around individuals parts of the business, a little explored space of rail that has significant ramifications for how workers are locked in and held. The discoveries recognized a specific outlook, culture and approach about initiative ability in associations that ignored the heterogeneity of rail association populaces, blocking certain gatherings of individuals from turning out to be pioneers. The venture distinguished that authority and other delicate abilities needed in the rail business are both under explored, and frequently underestimated, for the effect that they can have on execution and profitability of organizations. There are key messages from this examination for the two associations just as rousing rail corporarion pioneers .
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Tyndale-Biscoe, Hugh, and Jennifer A. Marshall Graves. "Geoffrey Bruce Sharman 1925–2015." Historical Records of Australian Science 28, no. 2 (2017): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr17011.
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Geoff Sharman was one of the most important figures in the post-war renaissance of research into the indigenous mammals of Australia. He discovered the remarkable phenomenon of delayed development, or embryonic diapause, in kangaroos. He pioneered marsupial cytogenetics, making seminal contributions to chromosome evolution, sex determination, and X chromosome dosage compensation in female marsupials. He inspired a whole generation of younger biologists to make the investigation of Australian mammals the primary objective of their professional careers. Fifty years before he began there had been a brief but highly fruitful period of investigation into the native fauna based at the University of Sydney Medical School.1 When the four pioneers departed to Chairs in Britain and Fellowship of the Royal Society, further research in the field languished until the 1950s. Sharman's research built on that pioneering work, particularly of J. P. Hill and his associates on the reproductive anatomy and development of marsupials, and then extended it into the new field of cytogenetics.
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Baldassar, Loretta. "Migration Monuments in Italy and Australia: Contesting Histories and Transforming Identities." Modern Italy 11, no. 1 (February 2006): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532940500492241.
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Rather than focusing on how Italians share the neighbourhood with other groups, this paper examines some of the intra-group processes (i.e. relations between Italians themselves) that produced various monuments to Italian migration in Australia, Brazil and Italy. Through their distinct styles and formulations, the monuments reflect diverse and often competing elaborations of the migrant experience by different generations at local, national and transnational levels. The recent increase in the construction of such monuments in Australia is linked to the gradual disappearance of ‘visibly’ Italian neighbourhoods. These commemorations effectively transform Italian migrants into Australian pioneers and, thus, resolve moral and cultural ambiguities about belonging and identity by de-emphasizing difference (ethnic diversity) and concealing intergenerational tensions about appropriate ways of expressing Italianness. Similarly, the appearance of monuments in Italy is linked to an emergent ‘diasporic’ consciousness fuelled by Italian emigrants’ growing ability to travel to Italy, but also to the attempt to obscure potentially destabilizing dual identities by emphasizing (one, Italian) ‘homeland’.
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Carver, J. H., R. W. Crompton, D. G. Ellyard, L. U. Hibbard, and E. K. Inall. "Marcus Laurence Elwin Oliphant 1901 - 2000." Historical Records of Australian Science 14, no. 3 (2002): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr02012.
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With the death of Professor Sir Mark Oliphant, the first President of the Australian Academy of Science, Australia lost one of its most distinguished scientists. A tall, handsome man with a shock of white hair and a distinctive voice and laugh, he was well informed on a wide range of scientific matters and expressed firm views on their social consequences. He enjoyed wide respect throughout the nation as a great Australian, his influence spreading far beyond the discipline of physics, to which he made seminal contributions both through his own research and his leadership. The Academy will remember and honour him for his leading role in its establishment, and for his continuing association with it until the last years of his long life.Oliphant's outstanding international reputation was based on his pioneering discoveries in nuclear physics in Cambridge in the 1930s and his remarkable contributions to wartime radar research and to the development of the atomic bomb. In 1950, after an absence of 23 years, Oliphant returned to Australia, where he founded the Research School of Physical Sciences at the Australian National University and pioneered the creation in Canberra of a national university dedicated to the conduct of research at the highest international level.To the layman, Mark Oliphant was well known for his often outspoken comments on those matters about which he felt so strongly: social justice, peace, atomic warfare, the environment, academic freedom and autonomy, to name a few. The scientific community will remember him as a physicist for his pioneering experiments with Ernest Rutherford during momentous years that saw the birth of nuclear physics, as a physicist/engineer for his ingenuity and determination as one of the pioneers of high-energy particle accelerators, and as a science administrator and public advocate for science.
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Walker, Carole, and Jane L. Littlewood. "A Second Moses in Bonnet and Shawl: Caroline Chisholm, 1808–1877." Recusant History 22, no. 3 (May 1995): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034193200001989.
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Caroline Chisholm was a Victorian philanthropist designated by the Australian Encyclopaedia as ‘the greatest of women pioneers in the history of Australia’. She was born in Northampton in 1808, the daughter of William Jones, hog-jobber of some substance. She married Archibald Chisholm in 1830, a lieutenant in the East India Company Army, ten years her senior, on the understanding that she be allowed to undertake philanthropic works. It is assumed she converted to her husband's Roman Catholic faith either just before or after the marriage. It was in Madras, where her husband was based, that her philanthropic endeavours began and she founded a ‘school of industry for the daughters of European soldiers’. The school educated the sadly-neglected girls in general education and domestic duties.
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Pascoe, Robert. "Pioneers of Education in Western Australia. Laadan FletcherPioneers of Australian Education. Vol. 3: Studies of the Development of Education in Australia, 1900-1950. C. Turney." Comparative Education Review 29, no. 1 (February 1985): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/446498.
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Miller, Pavla. "‘The age of entitlement has ended’: designing a disability insurance scheme in turbulent times." Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 33, no. 2 (June 2017): 95–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2017.1302893.
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AbstractIn a period of welfare state retrenchment, Australia's neo-liberal government is continuing to implement an expensive National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS). Australia is among the pioneers of welfare measures funded from general revenue. Until recently, however, attempts to establish national schemes of social insurance have failed. The paper reviews this history through the lenses of path dependence accounts. It then presents contrasting descriptions of the NDIS by its Chair, the politician who inspired him, and two feminist policy analysts from a carers’ organisation. Path dependence, these accounts illustrate, has been broken in some respects but consolidated in others. In particular, the dynamics of ‘managed’ capitalist markets, gendered notions of abstract individuals and organisations, and the related difficulties in accounting for unpaid labour are constraining the transformative potential of the NDIS.
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Zillman, John. "Von Neumayer and the origins of Australian and international meteorology." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 123, no. 1 (2011): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs11070.
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Georg von Neumayer played a central role in building the foundations of Australian meteorology and in shaping the global framework of cooperation under the International Meteorological Organization (IMO), the forerunner of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Though his time in Australia was relatively brief, his name stands alongside those of Lieutenant William Dawes (active from 1788-1791), Sir Thomas Brisbane (1822-24), Robert Ellery (1863-1895), Sir Charles Todd (1856-1906), Clement Wragge (1883-1903) and Henry Chamberlain Russell (1859-1904) in the short list of Australia’s outstanding meteorological pioneers; and with Lt. Matthew Fontaine Maury, Admiral Robert FitzRoy and Professors C.H.D. Buys Ballot, H. Wild and E. Mascart in building the 19th century framework for international cooperation in meteorology, especially through his role as President of the International Polar Commission which organised the First International Polar Year (1882-83). This paper provides a brief overview of the origins of Australian meteorology and of the 1873 establishment and early work of the IMO in providing the international framework for cooperation in meteorology until its replacement by the intergovernmental WMO in 1950.
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De Oliveira Camassa, José Bento. "La Australia argentina (1898): a utopia patagônica de Roberto Payró." Leviathan (São Paulo), no. 15 (May 7, 2019): 147–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2237-4485.lev.2017.149055.
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La Australia argentina (1898), livro de viagem de Roberto Payró (1867-1928), escritor, intelectual socialista e repórter do importante jornal La Nación, de Buenos Aires, retrata a Patagônia mais de uma década depois da Conquista do Deserto (1879-1885). Em uma visão inspirada pelo determinismo geográfico e pela obra “The Significance of the Frontier in American History” (1893) do historiador estadunidense Frederick Jackson Turner, Payró identifica na região um potencial civilizacional subaproveitado, em função da administração política demasiadamente centralizada e da herança colonial espanhola. O autor advoga pela modernização da Patagônia por meio de uma maior autonomia política e econômica e por meio da imigração europeia, especialmente a de colonos e pioneers anglo-saxões. Payró, aliás, revela um posicionamento fortemente anglófilo, em um período de afirmação da latinidade na intelectualidade hispano-americana, no contexto da Guerra Hispano-Americana (1898).
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Clarke, Roger. "Morning Dew on the web in Australia: 1992–1995." Journal of Information Technology 28, no. 2 (June 2013): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jit.2013.11.
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The World Wide Web arrived just as connections to the Internet were broadening from academe to the public generally. The Web was designed to support user-performed publishing and access to documents in both textual and graphical forms. That capability was quickly supplemented by means to discover content. The web browser was the ‘killer app’ associated with the explosion of the Internet into the wider world during the mid- 1990s. The technology was developed in 1990 by an Englishman, supported by a Belgian, working in Switzerland, but with the locus soon migrating to Illinois and then to Massachusetts in 1994. Australians were not significant contributors to the original technology, but were among the pioneers in its application. This paper traces the story of the Web in Australia from its beginnings in 1992, up to 1995, identifying key players and what they did, set within the broader context, and reflecting the insights of the theories of innovation and innovation diffusion.
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Bye, Susan. "TV Memories, The Daily Telegraph and Ton: ‘First in Australia’." Media International Australia 121, no. 1 (November 2006): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0612100118.
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The public conversation about the fiftieth anniversary of Australian television in the media and on TV has reinvigorated the nostalgia of popular memory, but has also highlighted its institutionally inflected construction. In this paper, I conceive of Australian viewing history as a series of purpose-built narratives. My interest is in the public stories that define the experience of watching television and the nature of the invitation offered to viewers. Accordingly, in my extended examination of The Daily Telegraph archive, I reconstruct a narrative in which the paper's Sydney readers are encouraged, initially, to imagine themselves as pioneers in Australian TV history and, a few months later, to become a part of the local TV community. Within the lively tabloid format of the Telegraph, television becomes the centre of a critical discourse about its duty to entertain that focuses on issues of both community and national identity.
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Rimmer, Matthew. "The Global Tobacco Epidemic, the Plain Packaging of Tobacco Products, and the World Trade Organization." QUT Law Review 17, no. 2 (March 29, 2018): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/qutlr.v17i2.695.
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In response to complaints by Ukraine, Honduras, the Dominican Republic, Cuba, and Indonesia, the government of Australia has defended the introduction of plain packaging of tobacco products in the World Trade Organization. This article focuses upon the legal defence of Australia before the WTO Panel. A key part of its defence has been the strong empirical evidence for the efficacy of plain packaging of tobacco products as a legitimate health measure designed to combat the global tobacco epidemic. Australia has provided a convincing case that plain packaging of tobacco products is compatible with the TRIPS Agreement 1994, particularly the clauses relating to the aims and objectives of the agreement; the requirements in respect of trade mark law; and the parallel measures in relation to access to essential medicines. Australia has also defended the consistency of plain packaging of tobacco products with the TBT Agreement 1994. Moreover, Australia has provided clear reasons for why the plain packaging of tobacco products is compatible with GATT. The position of Australia has been reinforced by a number of third parties — such as New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Canada, and others — which have also been pioneers in tobacco control and public health. Australia’s leadership in respect of tobacco control and plain packaging of tobacco products is further supported by larger considerations in respect of international public health law, human rights, and sustainable development.
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Helbig, Karla J., Rowena A. Bull, Rebecca Ambrose, Michael R. Beard, Helen Blanchard, Till Böcking, Brendon Chua, et al. "Tenth Scientific Biennial Meeting of the Australasian Virology Society—AVS10 2019." Viruses 12, no. 6 (June 6, 2020): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12060621.
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The Australasian Virology Society (AVS) aims to promote, support and advocate for the discipline of virology in the Australasian region. The society was incorporated in 2011 after 10 years operating as the Australian Virology Group (AVG) founded in 2001, coinciding with the inaugural biennial scientific meeting. AVS conferences aim to provide a forum for the dissemination of all aspects of virology, foster collaboration, and encourage participation by students and post-doctoral researchers. The tenth Australasian Virology Society (AVS10) scientific meeting was held on 2–5 December 2019 in Queenstown, New Zealand. This report highlights the latest research presented at the meeting, which included cutting-edge virology presented by our international plenary speakers Ana Fernandez-Sesma and Benjamin tenOever, and keynote Richard Kuhn. AVS10 honoured female pioneers in Australian virology, Lorena Brown and Barbara Coulson. We report outcomes from the AVS10 career development session on “Successfully transitioning from post-doc to lab head”, winners of best presentation awards, and the AVS gender equity policy, initiated in 2013. Plans for the 2021 meeting are underway which will celebrate the 20th anniversary of AVS where it all began, in Fraser Island, Queensland, Australia.
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Ramsay, Guy, and Anna Shnukal. "‘Aspirational’ Chinese: Achieving Community Prominence on Thursday Island, Northeast Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 12, no. 3 (September 2003): 337–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719680301200304.
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The experience of the Chinese diaspora in Australia has been the subject of much academic attention in the past three decades. The prevailing narrative of the Chinese presence, which dates from early White occupation of Australia, has highlighted discourses of marginalization and exclusion for the Chinese pioneers who contributed so significantly to the economic development of the nation. Yet, despite their economic success, few Chinese gained regard and standing in mainstream colonial society and, of these, the best known resided in southern cities. Across northern Australia, far from the major population centers and seats of government, Chinese also became economically successful as agriculturists and merchants. Again, only a handful sought and obtained wider community acceptance, even local prominence. Our study draws on the diasporic experience of Chinese on Thursday Island in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to elucidate strategies employed by a minority to achieve social status within the general community. Through exploration of the socio-cultural forces influencing their choices — the dominant ethos of Thursday Island, multi-ethnicity and the consequences of anti-Chinese legislation — a unique portrait of the Chinese diasporic experience emerges, narrated through multiple sites of cultural collusion and contestation.
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Sullivan, Peter, and John Pearn. "Medical memorials in Antarctica: a gazetteer of medical place-names." Journal of Medical Biography 20, no. 4 (November 2012): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jmb.2012.012060.
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In Antarctica an astonishing more than 300 ‘medical’ place-names record the lives of surgeons and physicians who have served as leaders, clinicians and scientists in the field of polar medicine and other doctors memorialized for their service to medicine. These enduring medical memorials are to be found in the names of glaciers, mountains, capes and islands of the vast frozen Southern Continent. This Antarctic Medical Gazetteer features, inter alii, doctor-expedition leaders, including Jean-Baptiste Charcot (1867–1936) of France and Desmond Lugg (b. 1938) of Australia. The Medical Gazetteer lists 43 geographical features on Brabant Island that were named after famous doctors. This Gazetteer also includes a collection of medical place-names on the Loubet Coast honouring Dr John Cardell (1896–1966) and nine other pioneers who worked on the prevention of snow blindness and four islands of the Lyall Islands Group, including Surgeon Island, named after United States Antarctic Medical Officers. Eleven geographic features (mountains, islands, nunataks, lakes and more) are named after Australian doctors who have served with the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions based at Davis Station. Biographic memorials in Antarctica comprise a collective witness of esteem, honouring in particular those doctors who have served in Antarctica where death and injury remains a constant threat.
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Rashid, Md Mizanur, and Kaja Antlej. "Geospatial platforms and immersive tools for social cohesion: the 4D narrative of architecture of Australia’s Afghan cameleers." Virtual Archaeology Review 11, no. 22 (January 28, 2020): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2020.12230.
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<p class="VARAbstract">This paper focuses on examining the scope of virtual architectural archaeology in forms of digital geospatial platforms and immersive tools such as Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) to be used for achieving social cohesion, particularly in a multicultural and multi-ethnic society like Australia’s. In the context of the current global and national concern about Muslims and Islam, as well as for the mistrust towards and distance between Muslims and Non-Muslims in Australia, it is imperative to delve deeper into the contribution of early Muslim pioneers, in this case, the Afghan Cameleers, in the social fabric of colonial Australia. Based on the premise that architecture could be a unique and revealing research frame to gain insight into human values, worldview and material culture, the main aim of this paper is to address two key issues using virtual architectural archaeology. Firstly, to demonstrate the application of 4D capturing and component-based modelling with metadata and paradata regarding the past of the lost architectural heritage sites in remote central and western Australia, also counting on assets such as Linked Open Data (LOD) for further dissemination and use. Secondly, to propose a mode to disseminate new knowledge through digital platforms and VR/AR experiences to the GLAM (Galleries, Libraries, Archives, and Museums) audiences and schools regarding the Muslims in Australia. Understanding properly them and their contribution to the Australian society would eventually minimise the cultural distance between Muslims and Non-Muslims in Australia. Greater awareness could mitigate the myth of fear and mistrust regarding Muslims and Islam, widely misunderstood for a long time.</p><p>Highlights:</p><ul><li><p>Architectural-archaeological heritage as a tool for achieving social cohesion and to minimise cultural/social differences between Muslims and non-Muslims in Australia.</p></li><li><p>4D capturing and digital geospatial platforms for contextualising architectural-archaeological heritage in a spatial and chronological way.</p></li><li><p>Gamified and non-gamified Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) applications to engage the general public with architectural-archaeological heritage from remote, hard-to-access areas.</p></li></ul>
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Wilkinson, Rick. "IN PURSUIT OF A DREAM — SOME ACHIEVEMENTS, FAILURES, HOPES AND DISAPPOINTMENTS IN AUSTRALIA'S UPSTREAM PETROLEUM INDUSTRY." APPEA Journal 31, no. 1 (1991): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj90002.
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Historically, Australia's oil explorers have been dreamers. They have endured numerous setbacks along the road to eventual vindication of their beliefs. Some problems stemmed from outright shysters, others from well-intentioned but misguided meddlers, and some from professional disbelievers who felt the country was too old to contain oil. Public subscriptions and sympathy were lost by chasing sprites like marsh gas and coorongite (recent algal matter) and putting faith in diviners.Through it all there has been a parade of 'hit and miss' explorers who left a lot of information in the ground, but who at least had the determination to try.Like so much in Australia it took a national crisis to bring support in the form of government subsidies for exploration. Despite faults, the schemes encouraged activity and included the pioneering scientific work of the Bureau of Mineral Resources. The advent of war also brought with it technology to strengthen the search.Then came the long-awaited success, public support and a welding of small explorers to oil majors. There was also the start of productive dissemination of information and ideas through organisations like APEA and PESA.But when discovery rates declined again, disbelievers returned and many explorers now have taken their eyes off the goal. They are content to shuffle permits instead of drilling wells and have returned to diversions like poor prospectivity and attacks on taxation on which to blame their declining activity.Only a few see that the course for Australia's oil future is to blend modern technology with the determination of the pioneers and recapture the dream of old.
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Zernetska, O. "The Development of Australian Culture in the XX Century: Australian Film Industry." Problems of World History, no. 11 (March 26, 2020): 174–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2020-11-10.
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This article represents the first attempt in Ukraine of complex interdisciplinary investigation of the history of Australian film development in the XX-th century in the context of Australian culture. Analysing films in historical order the peculiarities of each decade are taken into consideration. The periods of silent films, sound films and colour films are analysed. The best film productions, their film directors and prominent actors are outlined. Special attention is paid to the development of feature films and documentaries.
The article concentrates on the development of different film genres beginning with national historical drama, films of the first pioneers’ survival, adventure films. It is shown how they contribute to the embodiment in films of the main archetypes of Australian culture, the development of Australian identity. After World War I and World War II war films appear to commemorate the courage of the Australian soldiers in the war fields. Later on the destiny of the Australian women white settlers’ wives or native Australians inspired film directors to make them the chief heroines of their movies.
A comparative analysis of films and literary primary sources underlying their scripts is carried out. It is concluded that the Australian directors selected the best examples of Australian national poetry and prose, which reveal the historical and social, cultural and racial problems of the country's development during the twentieth century.
The publication dwells on boom and bust periods of Australian film making. The governmental policy in this sphere is analysed. Different schemes of film production and distribution are outlined to make national film industry compatible with the other film industries of the world, especially with the Hollywood. The area of a new discipline - Australian Film Studios - is studied as well as the works of Australian scholars. It is clarified in what Australian universities this discipline is taught. It is assumed that the experience of Australia in this sphere should be taken by Ukraine.
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Zvegintseva, Irina Anatolyevna. "The Silent Era in Australian Cinema." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 6, no. 1 (March 15, 2014): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik6188-97.
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The article focuses on the first period in the history of Australian cinema. It is well-known that the present is always rooted in the past. This is true of any national cinema, and the Australian one is no exception. This subject is relevant in the light of the fact that, in the first place, the reasons for the contemporary boom in Australian cinema are impossible to understand and analyze unless they are derived from the awareness of the first steps of Australian cinema. It was in the very first years of the existence of Australian cinema that there emerged a special worldview, inherent in the cinematographic messages of this nation, that would later become iconic of Australian cinema: addressing the reality of Australia, love for its wild and beautiful nature and for the people who civilize this severe land. In their works the filmmakers of the Green Continent have almost always unflaggingly introduced two protagonists, an animate one, a manly, daring human being, and an inanimate one, the nature, magnificent, powerful, unexplored... At the same time, there was formed an image of a Hero: a fair, proud man, for whom honor and dignity are closely linked to striving for freedom. A conflict between the Individual and a soulless system is manifested in the early bushranger films and in the contemporary ones alike, now that the films by the Australian filmmakers come out again and again featuring the Individuals attempts at breaking his bondage. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that while the contemporary period of Australian cinema is well-covered in the global film criticism, the past of this national cinema is almost unknown. Considering the interest in the phenomenon of the contemporary cinema of the Green Continent, the author concludes that the global success of the Australian films today is largely linked to the accomplishments of the cinema pioneers, who against tough competition from American and English films, have laid a foundation for the future victories of this special national cinema.
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Madsen, Virginia. "Innovation, women’s work and the documentary impulse: pioneering moments and stalled opportunities in public service broadcasting in Australia and Britain." Media International Australia 162, no. 1 (November 24, 2016): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16678933.
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This article explores the roles of some of the key women producers, broadcasters and writers who were able to work within the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) from their foundational periods to the 1950s. Despite the predominantly male culture of radio broadcasting from the 1920s to the 1970s, this article considers the significance and long-term impacts of some of these overlooked female pioneers at the forefront of developing a range of new reality and ‘talk’ forms and techniques. While the article draws on primary BBC research, it also aims to address these openings, cultures and roles as they existed historically for women in the ABC. How did the ABC compare in its foundational period? Significantly, this paper contrasts the two organisations in the light of their approaches to modernity, arguing that BBC features, the department it engendered, and the traditions it influenced, had far reaching impacts; one of these relating to those opportunities opened for women to develop entirely new forms of media communication: the unrehearsed interview and actuality documentary programmes.
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Blakemore, Ken. "Don Rowland, Pioneers Again: Immigrants and Ageing in Australia, Bureau of Immigration Research, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 1991, 109 pp., no price, ISBN 0 644 13816 5." Ageing and Society 12, no. 4 (December 1992): 532–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x0000533x.
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Hazel, Julia, and Brian L. Venables. "Can island specialists succeed as urban pioneers? Pied imperial-pigeons provide a case study." Wildlife Research 44, no. 1 (2017): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr16146.
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Context Long-term viability of wildlife populations may be influenced by the adaptive or maladaptive nature of behavioural shifts. Yet, in the short term, implications of novel behaviour are often uncertain, as they were for a newly formed urban nesting colony of pied imperial-pigeons (PIPs) on the mainland coast of north-eastern Australia. It represented unprecedented behaviour, as most of PIPs, also known as Torresian imperial-pigeons, Ducula bicolor/spilorrhoa, breed colonially on remote small islands. Aims The present study would (1) determine whether aggregated mainland nesting continued, (2) evaluate reproductive success, (3) evaluate spatial distribution of nests and (4) explore possible association of reproductive success with predator presence and broad indicators of food availability. Methods With assistance from volunteers, we found mainland PIP nests and revisited them intermittently to monitor progress. We calculated quantitative estimates of nest survival by the Mayfield method and evaluated reproductive output in relation to environmental data from independent sources. Key results During the 2012, 2013 and 2014 breeding seasons, we recorded 436, 387 and 417 PIP nest events at the new mainland colony. Daily nest-survival rates declined progressively and estimated fledgling output decreased over successive seasons from 0.66 to 0.44 per nest event. The highest mainland output was below that estimated for an island PIP colony (0.78) on the basis of sparse prior data. Across potential foraging grounds, there was no negative change in land use and no widespread adverse weather to account for diminishing success. We identified important causes of nest failure among mainland nesting PIPs to be predation, predominantly by birds, and anthropogenic hazards, including tree pruning and collisions with vehicles and windows of buildings. Conclusions With ongoing exposure to these hazards, mainland nesting PIPs cannot be expected to increase productivity; hence, the new colony may be a short-term phenomenon. We infer that the historic success of PIP populations in Queensland stems from their selection of breeding sites on remote islands that are largely free of relevant predators and anthropogenic activity. Implications Future conservation of extant PIP abundance will depend crucially on protection of island breeding sites, because multiple hazards of mainland nesting make it an unfavourable alternative strategy.
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Given, Jock. "“There Will Still Be Television but I Don’t Know What It Will Be Called!”: Narrating the End of Television in Australia and New Zealand." Media and Communication 4, no. 3 (July 14, 2016): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v4i3.561.
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Australia and New Zealand, like other countries, have unique TV systems and practices that shape the possibilities enabled by emerging technologies, enterprises, behaviors and ideas. This article explores two recent articulations of the concept of television that have motivated ‘end of television’ narratives in the two countries. One is future-oriented – the introduction of online subscription video services from local providers like Fetch TV, Presto, Stan and from March 2015, the international giant Netflix. It draws on a survey of senior people in TV, technology, advertising, production, audience measurement and social media conducted in late 2014 and early 2015. The other is recent history – the switchover from analogue to digital terrestrial television, completed in both countries in December 2013. Digital TV switchover was a global policy implemented in markedly different ways. Television was transformed, though not in the precise ways anticipated. Rather than being in the center of the digital revolution, as the digital TV industry and policy pioneers enthused, broadcast television was, to some extent, overrun by it. The most successful online subscription video service in Australia and New Zealand so far, Netflix, talks up the end of television but serves up a very specific form of it. The article poses a slightly different question to whether or not television is ending: that is, whether, in the post-broadcast, digital era, distinctions between unique TV systems and practices will endure, narrow, dissolve, or morph into new forms of difference.
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Schaffhauser-Linzatti, Michaela Maria, and Stefan F. Ossmann. "Sustainability in higher education’s annual reports." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 19, no. 2 (February 5, 2018): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-05-2016-0093.
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Purpose Higher education institutions are regarded as forerunners and pioneers of sustainability. However, it is to question whether they actually fulfill their role model function. This paper aims to reveal whether selected universities in Australia and Austria meet the reporting expectations about their activities on sustainability in very heterogeneous environments. Design/methodology/approach Annual reports of selected universities in Australia and Austria are screened by the qualitative text analysis suggested by Mayring to identify their information policy on sustainability. Following the standard definitions, sustainability comprises economic, environmental and social aspects as main categories, which are supplemented further by specifically adapted eight subcategories. Findings The results reveal that the universities concentrate on economic information, preferably on accounting, whereas social aspects are of second importance. Environmental activities that essentially shape the image of sustainability for the majority of the stakeholders are mostly unattended. Research limitations/implications For further research, the authors suggest analyzing the reports of additional countries to get a bigger picture on the role of sustainability information in university reporting. Possible limitations are because of language use and time requirements, as each report must be encoded manually. Practical implications The results reveal the gaps that standard setters should fill by enforcing sustainability content in universities’ reports. Originality/value This paper is the first to analyze the annual reports of international universities in respect to sustainability. Hereby, we further fill a gap by applying a qualitative text analysis on the basis of individually derived categories to reveal the sustainability aspects more precisely.
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Wilson, Katie, Chun-Kai (Karl) Huang, Lucy Montgomery, Cameron Neylon, Rebecca N. Handcock, Alkim Ozaygen, and Aniek Roelofs. "Changing the Academic Gender Narrative through Open Access." Publications 10, no. 3 (July 4, 2022): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/publications10030022.
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In this article, we ask whether dominant narratives of gender and performance within academic institutions are masking stories that may be both more complex and potentially more hopeful than those which are often told using publication-related data. Influenced by world university rankings, institutions emphasise so-called ‘excellent’ research practices: publish in ‘high impact’, elite subscription journals indexed by the commercial bibliographic databases that inform the various ranking systems. In particular, we ask whether data relating to institutional demographics and open access publications could support a different story about the roles that women are playing as pioneers and practitioners of open scholarship. We review gender bias in scholarly publications and discuss examples of open access research publications that highlight a positive advantage for women. Using analysis of workforce demographics and open research data from our Open Knowledge Initiative project, we explore relationships and correlations between academic gender and open access research output from universities in Australia and the United Kingdom. This opens a conversation about different possibilities and models for exploring research output by gender and changing the dominant narrative of deficit in academic publishing.
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MacGregor, Casimir, Alan Petersen, and Megan Munsie. "From the margins to mainstream: How providers of autologous ‘stem cell treatments’ legitimise their practice in Australia." Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness and Medicine 25, no. 1 (May 13, 2019): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363459319846927.
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This article examines how Australian providers of unproven autologous ‘stem cell treatments’ legitimise these products and their practices. We focus on the strategies employed by providers in their efforts to create and sustain a market for procedures that have yet to be proven safe and clinically efficacious. Drawing on the work of Thomas Gieryn and Pierre Bourdieu and the findings of research involving an analysis of direct-to-consumer online advertising of clinics that sell purported ‘stem cell treatments’ and interviews with clinicians who provide them, we examine the mechanisms by which medical legitimacy for these products is established and defended. We argue that Australian providers employ a number of strategies in order to create medical legitimacy for the use and sale of scientifically unproven therapies. A key strategy employed by providers of stem cell treatments is to use markers of social distinction, drawing strongly on the symbols of science, to confirm their legitimacy and differentiate their own practices from those of other providers, who are posited as operating outside the boundary of accepted practice and hence illegitimate. We argue there is a paradox at the heart of the autologous stem cell treatment market. Providers aim to create legitimacy for their work by emphasising the potential benefits of their ‘treatments’, their expertise and the professionalisation of their practices in an environment where regulators are yet to take a firm stance; they are also required to undertake the challenging task of managing patients’ hopes and expectations that both enable and potentially jeopardise their operations and revenue. We conclude by suggesting that providers’ creation of symbolic capital to establish medical legitimacy is a crucial means by which they seek to bring unproven ‘stem cell treatments’ from the margins of medicine into the mainstream and to portray themselves as medical pioneers rather than medical cowboys who exploit vulnerable patients.
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RAFTOPOULOS, BRIAN. "Pioneers, Settlers, Aliens, Exiles: the decolonisation of white identity in Zimbabwe by J. L. Fisher Canberra: Australia National University, 2010. Pp. 276, $29.95 (pbk)." Journal of Modern African Studies 50, no. 1 (February 27, 2012): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x11000668.
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Osóbka, Przemysław. "Climate Change and the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees of 28 July 1951." Polish Review of International and European Law 10, no. 1 (April 21, 2021): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/priel.2021.10.1.04.
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The article deals with The United Nations Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, Geneva, 28.7.1951 in the context of climate change consequences. Refuge is strictly defined category in the acts of international law. It does not include environmental and climatic reasons to leave one’s country of origin. However, in 1990, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) drew attention to the fact that human migration could be one of the greatest effects of climate change. The author also analyzes the meaning of the provisions of Article 3 and Article 8 ECHR in the discussed area. The article tries to give an answer to the question whether and why it is necessary to apply the Geneva Convention to climate change refugees if they can be protected under core human rights treaties. It is of greatest interest to the extent where if refers to the climate change refugees situation in New Zeeland and Australia. These states seem to be pioneers in giving refugees protection due to climate change consequences. Probably adaptation of the 1951 Convention to the challenges facing the international community in connection with climate change will in itself become an expression of its responsibility for the consequences of these changes and their impact on individuals and entire communities.
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Macuch, Rudolf. "Recent studies in Neo-Aramaic dialects." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 53, no. 2 (June 1990): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00026045.
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Since the beginnings of Neo-Aramaic studies in the second half of the last century, with the work of pioneers such as Stoddard (1855), Sachau (1865) and Noldeke (1868) in East-Neo-Syriac, Prym and Socin (1883) in West-Neo-Syriac (Tur ‘Abdln) and Parisot (1898–9) in West-Aramaic of Ma'lūla and related dialects, research in the field of Neo-Aramaic dialectology has never known such an intensive upsurge as there has been in the second half of this century. Although harsh religious persecution by the Muslims and other unendurable hardships, particularly in this century, exterminated a large proportion of the speakers of these dialects or drove them from their original sites to Russia, America, various European countries and even Australia, where their idioms are likely to die within the next few generations, the interest in their more or less modest remnants is increasing. It is as if Aramaists had finally responded to an earnest last-moment appeal and understood the need to save this linguistic heritage before it disappears totally. However, it is symptomatic that researchers trying to record a dying dialectin situ(Krotkoff, Aradhin in Iraqi Kurdistan 1959, published 1982; Jastrow, Hertevin in East Turkey 1970, published 1988) were unable to find more than a single reliable informant on the dialects of the villages of their respective research
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Thomaier, Susanne, Kathrin Specht, Dietrich Henckel, Axel Dierich, Rosemarie Siebert, Ulf B. Freisinger, and Magdalena Sawicka. "Farming in and on urban buildings: Present practice and specific novelties of Zero-Acreage Farming (ZFarming)." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 30, no. 1 (April 24, 2014): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170514000143.
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AbstractConsidering global trends such as climate change and resource scarcity, a major challenge of future cities will be to reduce urban footprints. Moreover, cities have to become or remain livable for their inhabitants and offer social and economic opportunities. Thus, reconnecting food production and cities offers promising potential. The diffusion of urban farming reflects a rising awareness of how food and farming can shape our cities. A growing number of urban farming projects exist in and on urban buildings, including open rooftop farms, rooftop greenhouses and indoor farming. These projects are characterized by the non-use of land or acreage for farming activities. We use the term ‘Zero-Acreage Farming’ (ZFarming) to represent these farms. The objective of this paper is to: (1) illustrate and systemize present practices of ZFarming and (2) discuss specific novelties of ZFarming in the wider context of urban agriculture. We analyzed 73 ZFarms in cities of North America, Asia, Australia and Europe using a set of criteria, and developed a typology of ZFarming, complemented by in-depth interviews with pioneers in rooftop farming in New York. The results illustrate that ZFarming generates innovative practices that may contribute to a sustainable urban agriculture. Besides growing food, it produces a range of non-food and non-market goods. It involves new opportunities for resource efficiency, new farming technologies, specific implementation processes and networks, new patterns of food supply and new urban spaces.
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Jones, B. Max, Alan Ralph, and Trevor G. Mazzucchelli. "Remembering Jay S. Birnbrauer." Behaviour Change 34, no. 4 (December 2017): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bec.2018.4.
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Professor Jay Spencer Birnbrauer peacefully passed away on November 1, 2017, aged 83, in Perth, Western Australia. Known to his friends and colleagues in Australia as ‘Birny’, he was a pioneer of applied behaviour analysis on both the Australian and world stage. He contributed to the development of behaviour-analytic technology for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities in the 1960s and played a central part in the formation of the Australian Behaviour Modification Association (known today as the Australian Association for Cognitive and Behaviour Therapy) in the 1970s. He was a purist in the field of applied behaviour analysis (ABA) and was relentless in his efforts to see ABA being provided to children with a developmental disability and their families. Birny's influence in Australia, and particularly Western Australia, was mainly imparted through his role with the Master of Applied Psychology program at Murdoch University. His most widely known piece of work, the Murdoch Early Intervention Program, was an early and important replication of Lovaas's evaluation of early intensive behavioural intervention for children with autism. Birny contributed significantly to our field and to many people's lives. He is remembered often and fondly by his many friends and colleagues.
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Ge, X. T., Hua Li, S. Han, K. Sivasithamparam, and M. J. Barbetti. "Evaluation of Australian Brassica napus genotypes for resistance to the downy mildew pathogen, Hyaloperonospora parasitica." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, no. 11 (2008): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar08032.
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Downy mildew, caused by the pathogen Hyaloperonospora parasitica, is a severe disease of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) seedlings in some regions of Australia. Sixty-three cultivars of Australian spring-type oilseed rape were evaluated for their levels of resistance to five isolates of the downy mildew pathogen, using a cotyledon infection test under controlled-environment conditions. A high level of resistance, characterised by the absence of disease symptoms or only the appearance of very sparse sporulation on inoculated cotyledons, was expressed in cvv. Pioneer 45Y77 and Pioneer 46Y78. This is the first study to identify Australian genotypes of oilseed rape highly resistant to H. parasitica. The resistance to H. parasitica identified in this study will not only enable Australian oilseed rape breeders to incorporate resistance to H. parasitica into new cultivars for enhanced resistance to this disease, but will also allow direct deployment of the most highly resistant genotypes identified directly in situations and regions most conducive to the development of severe downy mildew disease.
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Shillito, Anthony P., and Neil S. Davies. "The Tumblagooda Sandstone revisited: exceptionally abundant trace fossils and geological outcrop provide a window onto Palaeozoic littoral habitats before invertebrate terrestrialization." Geological Magazine 157, no. 12 (April 13, 2020): 1939–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756820000199.
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AbstractThe establishment of permanent animal communities on land was a defining event in the history of evolution, and one for which the ichnofauna and facies of the Tumblagooda Sandstone of Western Australia have been considered an archetypal case study. However, terrestrialization can only be understood from the rock record with conclusive sedimentological evidence for non-marine deposition, and original fieldwork on the formation shows that a marine influence was pervasive throughout all trace fossil-bearing strata. Four distinct facies associations are described, deposited in fluvial, tidal and estuarine settings. Here we explain the controversies surrounding the age and depositional environment of the Tumblagooda Sandstone, many of which have arisen due to the challenges in distinguishing marine from non-marine depositional settings in lower Palaeozoic successions. We clarify the terminological inconsistency that has hindered such determination, and demonstrate how palaeoenvironmental explanations can be expanded out from unambiguously indicative sedimentary structures. The Tumblagooda Sandstone provides a unique insight into an early Palaeozoic ichnofauna that was strongly partitioned by patchy resource distribution in a littoral setting. The influence of outcrop style and quality is accounted for to contextualize this ichnofauna, revealing six distinct low-disparity groups of trace fossil associations, each related to a different sub-environment within the high-ichnodisparity broad depositional setting. The formation is compared with contemporaneous ichnofaunas to examine its continued significance to understanding the terrestrialization process. Despite not recording permanent non-marine communities, the Tumblagooda Sandstone provides a detailed picture of the realm left behind by the first invertebrate pioneers of terrestrialization.
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Bennett, James. "Islamic Art at The Art Gallery of South Australia." SUHUF 2, no. 2 (November 21, 2015): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22548/shf.v2i2.93.
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OVER the past ten years, Australia has increasingly aware of Muslim cultures yet today there is still only one permanent public display dedicated to Islamic art in this country. Perhaps it is not surprising that the Art Gallery of South Australia in Adelaide made the pioneer decision in 2003 to present Islamic art as a special feature for visitors to this art museum. Adelaide has a long history of contact with Islam. Following the Art Gallery’s establishment in 1881, the oldest mosque in Australia was opened in 1888 in the city for use by Afghan cameleers who were important in assisting in the early European colonization of the harsh interior of the Australian continent
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Corti-Georgiou, Camille. "Pioneers of Social Research: A Life Story Interview Collection." Research Data Journal for the Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (October 31, 2019): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24523666-00401008.
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The Pioneers of Social Research, 1996–2018 is a rich qualitative collection of life story interviews with over fifty pioneering academics, who are regarded as having played a significant role in developing the practices of social research across key disciplines. The project was directed by Paul Thompson, himself a pioneer of oral history in Europe. The interviewees are essentially British pioneers, all but six born within what was then the British Empire, but they worked worldwide in Europe, Africa, Australasia, the Caribbean, Latin America and the United States. The collection includes full interview transcripts and detailed summaries, YouTube playlists, thematic highlights and associated teaching resources, all openly accessible through the UK Data Service. The following data paper provides an overview of Thompson’s data collection approach, the archiving and publishing of the data materials, and a discussion of the resources available. It also highlights opportunities of this unique research data for future use.
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Mummaneni, Praveen V. "Introduction: Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery video supplement." Neurosurgical Focus 35, v2supplement (July 2013): Intro. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.v2.focus13269.
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This video supplement of Neurosurgery Focus is devoted to minimally invasive spine surgery. Minimally invasive spine surgery has gained popularity amongst patients and physicians over the past decade because it has been shown in select instances to lower blood loss and reduce length of hospital stay for appropriately selected candidates.This supplement includes videos from many of the leaders in the field. Pioneers like Frank LaMarca, Paul Park, Cheerag Upadhyaya, Juan Uribe, and Mike Wang have all sent in videos depicting minimally invasive spinal deformity surgery options. The supplement also includes videos from several different countries, demonstrating how widespread and nuanced minimally invasive spinal procedures have become. Drs. Barbagallo, Certo, Sciacca, and Albanese from Italy; Drs. Gragnaniello and Seex from Australia; and Drs. Liao, Wu, Huang, Wang, Chang, Cheng, and Shih from Taiwan have all sent in nuanced surgical videos that will be of interest to many viewers.I personally enjoyed viewing videos on lumbar degenerative disease surgery depicting unique surgical nuances to treat common problems. Dr. Beejal Amin, Dr. Harel Deutsch, Dr. Daniel Lu, and Dr. Adam Kanter have each submitted videos depicting lumbar decompression and/or fusion for lumbar degenerative stenosis and spondylosis.This supplement also included videos depicting the minimally invasive treatment of uncommon spinal pathologies as well. Videos from Dr. Fred Geisler, Dr. John O'Toole, and Dr. Noel Perin covered topics as varied as sacroiliac joint dysfunction, spinal arteriovenous malformations, and sympathetic chain surgery.I hope that you enjoy this issue of Neurosurgical Focus devoted to videos depicting the surgical nuances of minimally invasive spinal surgery. This video supplement has international appeal, and it has been an honor to be a guest editor on this superb supplement.
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Newsome, Thomas M. "Makings of Icons: Alan Newsome, the Red Kangaroo and the Dingo." Historical Records of Australian Science 25, no. 2 (2014): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr14013.
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The red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) and the dingo (Canis dingo) are two of Australia's iconic mammals. Both are ingrained in the national psyche and well known internationally. For the red kangaroo, recognition has come despite the fact that the highest densities of the species occur well away from most of the human population. The dingo has achieved its status despite being present on the continent for perhaps as little as 3,000 years. This article considers the question of how, and why, these two animals became so elevated in the popular imagination and the scientific literature. It is a story of both the integers and consequences of scientific research, a story best told with a particular focus on the contribution made by one individual. Alan Newsome changed our understanding of the interactions between agriculture, introduced species and native wildlife, and was one of the first to understand the possibilities of enriching western science with Indigenous knowledge. He was a pioneer in explaining—particularly by reference to the red kangaroo in central Australia—the remarkable story of how Australian wildlife has adapted to survive some of the harshest conditions on the planet. His work across the landscape of the arid zone has had profound implications for management and conservation in Australia. This, then, is the story of three icons: the red kangaroo, the dingo and Alan Newsome.
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Yevdokimov, O. V. "Specific Features of Development of the Rural Tourism Abroad." Business Inform 3, no. 518 (2021): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-3-38-43.
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At the present stage of Ukraine’s development, its tourism resources are extremely limited compared to the leading mass and cultural-educational tourist destinations of the world, which creates the need to find alternative directions for the development of the Ukrainian tourism market. Rural tourism has been successfully practiced abroad for many years, which in the future can become a full-fledged component of the tourism market of Ukraine and a guarantee of its tourist attractiveness. In order to successfully implement these potential innovations in the Ukrainian tourism sector and prevent mistakes already made by the pioneers of rural tourism, the experience of developing this type of tourism abroad requires detailed study, which became the aim of this article. Analysis, generalization and classification were used as research methods. The publication defines approaches to the regulation of rural tourism; factors of diversification of approaches to stimulation and regulation of rural tourism development are identified; functions of the State regulation related to the development of rural tourism are classified; the experience of rural tourism development of Cyprus, Sri Lanka, Canada, India, the USA, Australia, Great Britain and Germany is analyzed, general and distinctive features are distinguished; the instruments used in the framework of organizational and economic mechanisms to support rural tourism abroad are defined; approaches to supporting the development of rural tourism are formulated according to the criterion of intensity of efforts on the part of the State and regional management bodies; the role of rural tourism in the development of agriculture is substantiated; the key factors of using foreign experience in the rural tourism development in Ukraine are identified. According to the results of the carried out research, rural tourism has every chance to be successfully implemented in the tourism market of Ukraine.
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Redman, Stephen J., and Robert Porter. "David Roderick Curtis 1927–2017." Historical Records of Australian Science 31, no. 2 (2020): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr19016.
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David Curtis was a pioneer in the identification of excitatory and inhibitory transmitters released at synapses in the central nervous system. He made major contributions to the identification of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) and glycine as inhibitory transmitters released at inhibitory synapses. His work laid the foundation for the subsequent acceptance that L-glutamate was the major excitatory transmitter. David’s scientific work led to him receiving many accolades and honours, including Fellowships of the Australian Academy of Sciences, the Royal Society and a Companion of the Order of Australia.
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Redman, S. J., and R. Porter. "David Roderick Curtis. 3 June 1927—11 December 2017." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 69 (August 26, 2020): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2020.0025.
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David Curtis was a pioneer in the identification of excitatory and inhibitory transmitters released at synapses in the central nervous system. He made major contributions to the identification of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) and glycine as inhibitory transmitters released at inhibitory synapses. His work laid the foundation for the subsequent acceptance that l -glutamate was the major excitatory transmitter. David's scientific work led to him receiving many accolades and honours, including fellowships of the Australian Academy of Sciences and the Royal Society and a Companion of the Order of Australia. Note: This memoir was commissioned by the Historical Records of Australian Science and is published here with minor amendments. It was published in June 2020 and is available at https://doi.org/10.1071/HR19016 .
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Campbell, L. H., and P. G. Taylor. "Renfrey Burnard Potts 1925–2005." Historical Records of Australian Science 25, no. 2 (2014): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr14019.
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Ren Potts was an Australian applied mathematician whose early work in statistical mechanics later became influential: the ‘Potts Model' became his most cited work. As Professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Adelaide for thirty years, he built up an excellent Department of Mathematics and had a major influence on the development of Applied Mathematics in Australia. His work in transportation science and operations research is well known. Ren Potts was a gifted teacher and an inspiring research leader. He was an early advocate of close co-operation between academia and industry, was an early adopter of computing for research and teaching, and was a pioneer in forging new links between Australian universities and the South-East Asian region.
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Pearce, Robert. "PIONEER FLYING SURGEONS IN AUSTRALIA." ANZ Journal of Surgery 68, no. 4 (April 1998): 296–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.1998.tb02087.x.
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