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Published: 10 December 2022
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1

Smith, Micah David 1976. "Pin-joint test rig design and scaling laws." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88851.

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2

Fredriksson, Emelie. "Tent isolation experiment in an advanced Scots pine seed orchard." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-76290.

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Pollen contamination is a severe problem in production breeding programs since it reduces the expected gain. In an attempt to solve this problem Skogforsk created an isolation experiment in the advanced Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seed orchard Västerhus in Västerbotten, Sweden. This experiment involves covering blocks of trees with a tent during the pollination period so that they only can mate with each other inside. To evaluate the effects of this tent treatment one tree from inside a tent with supplementary mass pollination (SMP) and one tree from the open control were chosen for this study. 48 seeds from each tree were sampled and genotypes at 9 microsatellite (SSR) loci. The likelihood and exclusion methods for paternity assignment were used to establish the fathers to these seeds. The results showed 0% contamination inside the tent and 4-8% outside in the control. The number of fathers contributed to the fertilization of the 48 seeds was 9 inside and 15 outside. The selfing rate was unexpectedly high, 10% inside the tent and 19% outside. The mating system inside the tent need to be further evaluated to fully understand what other effect the treatment has on the future progeny.
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3

Bariola, Louis A. "PREP and DROPP for Controlling Pink Bollworm in 1986 Tests." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204495.

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4

Henneberry, T. J., Jech L. Forlow, and R. A. Burke. "Steinernematid Nematode Infections of Pink Bollworm Larvae in Field Tests." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/211105.

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Under field conditions, pink bollworm (PBW), Pectinophora gossvpiella (Saunders), larvae were exposed to soil samples from plots treated with Steinernema riobravis at the rate of 5 nematodes per cm² of soil surface. Larval mortalities were 50% on the day of treatment and 2.5% on day 90 following treatment with irrigations about every 14 to 21 days,. Larval mortality percentages after exposure to soil samples from plots treated with S. carpocapsae at the rate of 5 per cm2 of soil surface were 32.5, 15.3, 5.3 and 2.5 for the day of treatment and day 1, 7, and 15 following treatment, respectively. No further mortality occurred in bioassays conducted up to 90 days following treatment. With plots treated with 25 nematodes per cm² of soil surface, PBW larval mortalities ranged from 100% on the day of treatment to 7.5% on day 63 following treatment with S. riobravis and 92.5% on the day of treatment to 5% on day 7 following treatment with S. carpocapsae. Percentages of larval mortality after exposure to soil samples from plots treated with S. riobravis increased after each irrigation, but did not increase after exposure to soil samples from plots treated with S. carpocapsae.
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5

Sundman, Ann-Sofie. "Personality in piglets : Is there a difference in personality traits between pigs from different teat order positions?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69596.

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The objective of this study was to determine whether piglets from different positions in the teat order differ inpersonality. Teat order is established within the first days after birth and from that time, piglets basically suckle fromthe same teat pair until weaning. Three piglets from each of 21 litters (n = 63) were chosen for their place in teatorder; one from anterior teats (A), one from middle teats (B), and one from rear teats (C). The piglets were observedduring suckling, undisturbed behaviour, a novel object test and a straw test. A total of 13 behaviours were registered.A significant difference (P < 0.05) between A, B and C piglets was found in the frequency of disputes duringsuckling, where B piglets were most involved in disputes and C piglets least involved, and a tendency (P < 0.1) wasfound in frequency of undisturbed playing and exploration. A piglets played and explored most, and C piglets least.Four interesting components were found with principal component analysis, explaining 62.4 % of the total variation.These represent personality traits tentatively named exploration, playfulness, food interest and straw interest. Therewere no significant differences in personality type between A, B and C piglets although a tendency that A pigletswere most playful and C piglets were least playful was found. Hence, this study suggests that there might be acorrelation between teat order position and personality.
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6

Vendrame, Saimon. "Integridade superficial do aço-rápido AISI M3:2 após o processo de retificação /." Bauru, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/191113.

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Orientador: Eduardo Carlos Bianchi
Resumo: Aços-rápidos são materiais que exibem elevada resistência ao desgaste abrasivo, aliada a uma tenacidade relativamente alta, propriedades estas que os tornam adequados para se fabricar ferramentas de corte. Grande parte de suas propriedades se deve a presença de carbonetos na microestrutura. Ao mesmo tempo que estas propriedades mecânicas são favoráveis para a utilização como ferramentas, tornam-se desafios na sua fabricação. O processo de retificação é empregado nas últimas etapas de fabricação de ferramentas de corte como machos e brocas e a presença dos carbonetos afetam a eficiência dos rebolos. Neste contexto, este trabalho visa investigar o quanto a diferença de microestrutura de aços-rápidos classe AISI M3:2, obtidos de diferentes fornecedores, influencia na retificação, levando em consideração a integridade superficial. Os materiais, aqui nomeados como M-A, M-B e M-C, foram avaliados sob três aspectos: características da microestrutura, resistência à abrasão e integridade da superfície após a retificação. Da microestrutura os carbonetos tipo MC e M6C, foram descritos quanto à forma e a distribuição, utilizando para isso MEV e EDS. A resistência à abrasão dos materiais foi medida recorrendo ao método de ensaio tribológico pino-lixa. Após esta caracterização, foram realizados ensaios de retificação tangencial plana com rebolo de Carboneto de Silício (SiC) em várias penetrações de trabalho (entre 10 µm e 30 µm). As superfícies das amostras foram avaliadas mensurando a rug... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
High-Speed Steels are materials that exhibit high abrasive wear resistance coupled withrelatively high toughness, properties that make them suitable for making cutting tools. Much ofits properties are due to the presence of carbides in the microstructure. While these mechanicalproperties are favorable for use as tools, they impose challenges in their manufacture. Thegrinding process is employed in the final stages of the cutting tools manufacturing, such as tapsand drills and the presence of carbides affects the efficiency of the grinding wheels. In thiscontext, this work aims to investigate how the microstructure difference of class AISI M3: 2steel, obtained from different suppliers, influences the grinding, taking into consideration thesurface integrity. The materials, here named M-A, M-B, and M-C, were evaluated under threeaspects: microstructure characteristics, abrasion resistance, and surface integrity after grinding.From the microstructure, carbides type MC and M6C were described regarding the shape anddistribution, using for this purpose SEM and EDS. The abrasive wear resistance of the materialswas measured using the pin-abrasive tribological test. After this characterization, flat tangentialgrinding tests were performed, using silicon carbide grinding wheel (SiC), in various workdepths (between 10 μm and 30 μm). The ground samples surfaces were evaluated by measuringthe roughness parameters, evaluated by SEM, and the microhardness profil
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7

RUPNIEWSKI, JAKUB JAN. "Evaluation of linear force actuators in a pin-on-disc test rig application." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286015.

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This thesis presents an evaluation and comparison of two linear actuators that can be used as load application actuators in a pin-on-disc tribological test rig. The first actuator is a DC-motor with an external ball screw, and the second actuator is a voice coil. The actuators are required to follow the reference force profile which corresponds to the thread contact force during a screw tightening process. In order to compare the two actuators, a Simulink model of the pin-on-disc test rig was created to be used as an experimental environment. The controllers for each actuator were designed using the same design method. Further, a set of 27 experiments was performed in Simulink with different reference force profiles, model parameters and possible disturbances. The results of each experiment were evaluated using Mean Square Error metrics and then compared between the actuators. For all the performed simulations the voice coil shows superior performance compared with the DC-motor and a ball screw. Based on these results, the choice was made to use the voice coil in the pin-on-disc test rig design for investigating the friction variation during a tightening process. The simulations showed a high importance of disc waviness on force variation. Friction occurring in linear actuators is a main concern in accurate performance of reference force profile tracking, and hence the actuators shall be carefully designed and chosen to minimize friction. The developed simulation model shall be validated in the future to prove that the results of the thesis agree with reality. Once the model is validated, it can be used to try different controller architectures and find the one that fits best the reference force profile tracking application.
Examensarbetet utvärderar och jämför två linjära manöverdon för att applicera en last på en stiftmot-skiva tribologitestrigg. Det första manöverdonet är en DC-motor med en kulskruv. Det andra manöverdonet är en talspole. Manöverdonen behöver följa kraftprofilsreferensen som motsvarar kontaktfriktionen i gängorna vid en skruvdragning. En Simulink modell av en stiftmot- skiva testrigg skapades för att jämföra manöverdonen. Styrenheterna för båda manöverdonen designades med samma designmetod. 27 experiment genomfördes i Simulink med varierande kraftreferenser, modellparametrar och störningar. Resultaten av alla experiment utvärderades med det kvadratiska medelvärdet för att jämföra de två manöverdonen. Talspolen var överlägsen DC-motorn med kulskruven i alla experiment. Talspolen användes därför i stiftmot-skiva testriggen för att undersöka friktionsvariationen under en skruvdragning. Simuleringarna visade en stor betydelse av skivvåg på kraftvariation. Friktion som förekommer i linjära ställdon är en viktig fråga vid korrekt prestanda för referenskraftprofilspårning, och därför ska ställdonen utformas noggrant och väljas för att minimera friktionen. Den utvecklade simuleringsmodellen ska valideras i framtiden för att bevisa att avhandlingens resultat överensstämmer med verkligheten. När modellen väl har validerats kan den användas för att prova olika styrenhetsarkitekturer och hitta den som passar bäst i referensstyrningsprofilens spårningsapplikation.
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8

Xiang, Bin. "Genetic Analysis of Diallel Tests of Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.)." NCSU, 2001. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20010105-093243.

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AbstractBIN XIANG Genetic Analysis of Diallel Tests of Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) (Under the direction of Dr. Bailian Li)A new approach was developed for analyzing diallel tests with SAS PROC MIXED and PROC IML. The new method can estimate variance components, obtain BLUE (best linear unbiased estimators) of fixed effects and BLUP (best linear unbiased predictors) of random genetic effects simultaneously. A new formula based on BLUP was further developed to predict individual tree breeding values. This new analytical method was validated using computer simulation and was compared with other existing programs. To analyze disconnected diallel mating designs with more than one diallel, simulated data generated with known parameters were analyzed using BLUP to compare three alternative models, which include diallel as fixed effect (Model 1), random effect (Model 2) or no diallel effect (Model 3). Both Model 1 and Model 3 produced unbiased GCA (general combining ability) variance estimates, while Model 2 resulted in downward biased GCA variance estimate. The accuracy of BLUP prediction for three models was very close, with Model 3 slightly better than the other two. Statistical approaches were also evaluated for combining multiple disconnected diallel test series in a given region. The best GCA sample variance prediction in the class of linear combination of local variance estimates was derived. Simulation study showed that a checklot adjustment was very critical to improve the prediction of genetic values obtained using BLUP analysis. Additional adjustment with improved GCA sample variance prediction could improve the correlation slightly beyond checklot adjustment.Analysis of annual measurement through age 8 from a total of 275 parents, 690 full-sib families from 23 diallel tests of loblolly pine in Northern, Coastal and Piedmont test regions showed: 1) dominance variance was small (20-40% of total genetic variance) relative to additive variance; 2) heritability increased over time, and the magnitude of heritabilities for diameter at breast height (DBH) and volume was comparable with the corresponding heritabilities for height; 3) DBH and volume had higher genetic correlation with 8-year volume than height. Genetic gain prediction in year-8 volume for selection on height and volume indicated that: 1) selection on volume yielded more gain than selection on height; 2) Coastal population had the greatest correlated response, followed by Piedmont and Northern population; 3) family plus within family selection based on total genetic component can capture the most genetic gain; 4) for all selection methods, additional gain (10-40%) can be achieved by capturing non-additive genetic component.Selection efficiency study of height and volume for three test regions indicated that earlier selection appeared to be more efficient than direct selection on year-8 volume in most selection methods. Family selection can be performed at age 2 or 3 for height and at age 4 for DBH and volume. Combined selection (family plus within family) was highly efficient at age 3 or 4.

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9

Schöpf, Roberto Alexandre. "Estudo do desgaste abrasivo e adesivo em aços ferramenta por meio do ensaio de pino-disco." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2011. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1776.

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Among several mechanisms of wear of materials, abrasive and adhesive wear respond for the largest contribution in tools and equipment failures at the mechanical industry. Tooling used in the manufacture of stators, known as lamella, fails due to these types of wear. The failures have origin in sliding wear and remove the enamel from the wire of the stator during the injection process. The removal of enamel results in short circuit between turns and consequent risk for the final consumer. It is common to correlate the wear resistance as a function dependent only on hardness of the involved materials in contact, however, there are other characteristics that also influence the wear such as: the type of crystalline structure and the presence of precipitates in the metal matrix, as well as the nature of them. The present study has analyzed the wear mechanisms existent in tool wear. The pin-on-disc test was used to evaluate eight different tool steels, positioning them in the same scale and comparing with the steel currently used at the process. Two groups of tool steels were evaluated, those manufactured by powder metallurgy and those obtained by conventional metallurgical method. Two types of pin-on-disc tests were performed. In the first test, as counter-face or disc, a grinding wheel made with silicon carbide was used; the main objective of this test was to evaluate the abrasive wear resistance. In the second test, the discs were manufactured using low alloy electric steel; the wear resistance predominantly adhesive was the response variable for this test. The results were correlated with some characteristics of the steels studied: hardness, the energy absorbed during Charpy impact test, density and content of alloying elements that are hard carbide formers. The results have shown a better wear resistance for steels produced by the Powder Metallurgy process. Steels with higher levels of alloying elements achieve better results, particularly in the adhesive wear test. CPM9V and Sinter 30 tool steels presented the best performances for wear resistance. Considering the application of these results in operation conditions, the CPM9V steel has advantage of a lower hardness and consequently greater toughness which is an important characteristic as well.
Entre os diversos mecanismos de desgaste, os desgastes abrasivo e adesivo são os que respondem pela maior contribuição nas falhas em equipamentos e ferramentais da indústria mecânica. Ferramentas utilizadas na fabricação de estatores, conhecidas como lamelas, falham em decorrência destes tipos de desgaste. As falhas têm procedência no desgaste por deslizamento e provocam remoção do isolante dos fios do estator durante o processo de inserção. A remoção do esmalte resulta em curto circuito entre espiras e conseqüente risco ao usuário final. É comum relacionar a resistência ao desgaste como uma função dependente apenas da dureza dos materiais envolvidos, no entanto, existem outras características que também influenciam no desgaste, tais como: o tipo de estrutura cristalina, existência de precipitados na matriz metálica e sua homogeneidade, bem como, a natureza dos mesmos. Por meio do presente estudo, analisaram-se os mecanismos presentes no desgaste de aços ferramenta utilizados na fabricação de estatores. Utilizandose o teste pino-disco, avaliou-se a resistência ao desgaste de oito diferentes aços ferramenta, classificando-os quanto à resistência ao desgaste e situando-os frente ao aço atualmente utilizado neste processo. Dois grupos de aços foram avaliados, os fabricados pela metalurgia do pó e os obtidos pelo método convencional de metalurgia. Dois tipos de ensaios pino-disco foram realizados. No primeiro teste, como contra-face ou disco, foi utilizado um rebolo de carbeto de silício; neste teste o objetivo principal foi avaliar a resistência ao desgaste abrasivo. No segundo teste, o disco foi fabricado com aço de baixa liga, neste teste, a resistência ao desgaste predominantemente adesivo foi à variável resposta. Os resultados obtidos foram correlacionados com determinadas características dos aços estudados: dureza, energia absorvida no impacto do ensaio Charpy, densidade, percentual de elementos de liga formadores de carbonetos de alta dureza e microestrutura. Os resultados mostraram que os aços fabricados pelo processo de Metalurgia do Pó apresentaram maiores resistências ao desgaste. Os aços ferramenta com teores maiores de elementos de liga obtiveram melhores resultados, sobretudo no ensaio de resistência ao desgaste adesivo. Os aços ferramenta CPM9V e Sinter 30 foram os que apresentaram maior desempenho na resistência ao desgaste. Considerando a aplicação deste resultados nas condições de operação, o aço CPM9V possui como vantagem uma menor dureza e conseqüente maior tenacidade, característica também importante para a função.
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10

Gaskill, Sally Ann. "A detailed investigation of acoustic distortion from human and guinea-pig ears." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240009.

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11

Przybylowicz, Eric Thomas. "Weldability Evaluation of High-Cr Ni-Base Filler Metals using the Cast Pin Tear Test." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429792705.

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12

Vasconcelos, Rafaela Andrade de [UNESP]. "Avaliação da influência de materiais obturadores endodônticos sobre a resistência de união adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro cimentados." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138113.

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O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar, in vitro, a influência de remanescente de materiais obturadores endodônticos, após desobturação e preparo para pino, sobre a resistência de união adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro cimentados. Foram utilizados 60 dentes humanos unirradiculados sem coroa. As raízes foram preparadas pela técnica coroa-ápice com sistema Reciproc. Para obturação, as raízes foram divididas em grupos (n = 10) de acordo com o cimento endodôntico utilizado: SO= sem obturação; GP=guta percha sem cimento; AHP= guta-percha + AHPlus; SLP= guta-percha + Sealapex; IRT= guta-percha + iRoot SP; e ERZ= guta-percha + EndoRez. As raízes foram obturadas pela técnica do cone único. A cimentação dos pinos de fibra de vidro Rebilda n.12 foi realizada com sistema adesivo futurabond DC e cimento Rebilda DC em 10 mm do comprimento da raiz. Após esse período, as raízes foram seccionadas obtendo-se discos de 2 mm de espessura em cada terço da raiz (3 discos por raiz) que foram submetidos ao teste de push out, análise por meio de uma lupa estereoscópica (40x) para identificação através de scores da presença de remanescente de material obturador na luz do canal e avaliação por espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS) para identificação de remanescente de componentes químicos do cimento endodôntico presentes nos túbulos dentinários. Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente pelos testes de Kruskal Wallis, Qui Quadrado e teste de Anova e Tukey, todos com nível de significância de 5%. Não houve diferença estatística para a resistência adesiva entre os cimentos na região cervical (p = 0,49), media (p = 0,28) e apical (p = 0,09). Os grupos SLP e ERZ apresentaram menos remanescente de material obturador nas regiões cervical (p = 0,045) e apical (p = 0,006). Significantes diferenças de remanescentes de componentes químicos foram observadas na região apical dos grupos AHP, IRT e SLP. Conclui-se que os materiais endodônticos não influenciaram na resistência de união adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of remnants endodontic filling material in root canal on the bond strength of fiberglass posts cemented. Sixty single-rooted human teeth were used.Crowns were removed. The roots were prepared by crown-down technique with Reciproc system. For fillings, the roots were divided (n = 10) according to the sealer used: SO- without fillings; GP-gutta-percha without sealer; AHP- gutta-percha + AHPlus; SLP- gutta-percha + Sealapex; IRT-gutta-percha + iRoot SP; ERZ-and gutta-percha + EndoRez. Single cone obturation technique was used. After root canal fillings, the teeth were kept in an oven 37 0C for 7 days. Cementing fiberglass posts Rebilda n.12 was performed with fiber adhesive system Futurabond DC and cement Rebilda DC in 10 mm of root length, getting stored in an oven at 37 0C for 48 h. After this period, roots were sectioned obtaining 1 disc of 2 mm thickness in each third of the root (3 discs per root), this discs were underwent to push out test, analyzed by means of a stereomicroscope (40x) to identify the presence of remnants of filling material in the lumen of the canal, and then evaluated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) for identification of chemical components remnants sealer present in the dentinal tubules. Datas were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi square test, and also Anova and Tukey test, 5% of significance. There were no significant differences in push-out bond strengths among the different groups in the coronal (p = 0.49), middle (p = 0.28) or apical third (p = 0.09). Sealeapex and EndoRez groups showed significantly less remnants of filling material at coronal (p = 0.045) and apical levels (p = 0.006).Significant differences of chemical components remnants were found in AHP, IRT and SLP groups on apical third. It is concluded that residual endodontic filling material does not influence on the bond strength of fiberglass.
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13

Moore, William McGee. "Habitat use and activity patterns of Gopher Tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus) inhabiting military test ranges and forested sandhills at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/94559.

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The Gopher Tortoise is an important component of a number of upland ecological communities throughout the southeastern U.S., but populations have experienced significant declines over the past century, largely in conjunction with the loss of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) forests. Military installations have preserved large tracts of longleaf pine, often while implementing prescribed fires that mimic natural lightning-ignited fires (frequent low intensity fire is a necessary component of longleaf pine communities), which in turn has provided refuges for many imperiled longleaf associates, including the Gopher Tortoise. Eglin Air Force Base in the western Florida panhandle presents a unique situation in which large tracts of longleaf pine sandhill (suitable Gopher Tortoise habitat) are available, but tortoise sub-populations on base are small, and many tortoises currently inhabit treeless military testing and training ranges (test ranges) rather than typical forested sandhill. My objectives were therefore to identify factors that may have been influencing use of test ranges as habitat by gopher tortoises and that might explain observed differences in burrow densities among sites. In Chapter 1, I compared vegetation structure, composition, and burrow site selection among sites and between forested and test range vegetation types. I also attempted to identify relationships between vegetation characteristics and variation in burrow densities (a proxy for abundance within a given area) among sites. In Chapter 2, I distributed a questionnaire to other military installations throughout the southeast to identify common management techniques used to maintain testing and training areas at other tortoise-occupied military installations, as these techniques likely affect their suitability as tortoise habitat. In Chapter 3, I compared surface activity patterns of juvenile Gopher Tortoises between forested and test range vegetation types, as surface activity in these vulnerable, but important size classes may affect survival rates. I found that test ranges generally had greater herbaceous vegetation cover than forested sites (greater forage availability), were highly species diverse in terms of groundcover plants, and had herbaceous communities that shared a number of common sandhill plant species with forested sites, but also were unique in a number of ways. I also found that adult tortoises (burrow site selection) and juvenile tortoises (surface activity) may have exhibited different behaviors in novel test range vegetation types compared to individuals inhabiting more natural longleaf pine sandhill on base. However, I did not find strong evidence that current vegetation structure or composition was related to observed differences in burrow densities among sites and that other factors might have played a greater role in structuring Eglin's remnant tortoise sub-populations.
Master of Science
The Gopher Tortoise is an important component of a number of upland ecological communities throughout the southeastern U.S., but populations have experienced significant declines over the past century, largely in conjunction with the loss of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) forests. Military installations have preserved large tracts of longleaf pine, often while implementing prescribed fires that mimic natural lightning-ignited fires (frequent low intensity fire is a necessary component of longleaf pine communities), which in turn has provided refuges for many imperiled longleaf associates, including the Gopher Tortoise. Eglin Air Force Base in the western Florida panhandle presents a unique situation in which large tracts of longleaf pine sandhill (suitable Gopher Tortoise habitat) are available, but tortoise sub-populations on base are small, and many tortoises currently inhabit treeless military testing and training ranges (test ranges) rather than typical forested sandhill. My objectives were therefore to identify factors that may have been influencing use of test ranges as habitat by gopher tortoises and that might explain observed differences in burrow densities among sites. In Chapter 1, I compared vegetation structure, composition, and burrow site selection among sites and between forested and test range vegetation types. I also attempted to identify relationships between vegetation characteristics and variation in burrow densities (a proxy for abundance within a given area) among sites. In Chapter 2, I distributed a questionnaire to other military installations throughout the southeast to identify common management techniques used to maintain testing and training areas at other tortoise-occupied military installations, as these techniques likely affect their suitability as tortoise habitat. In Chapter 3, I compared surface activity patterns of juvenile Gopher Tortoises between forested and test range vegetation types, as surface activity in these vulnerable, but important size classes may affect survival rates. I found that test ranges generally had greater herbaceous vegetation cover than forested sites (greater forage availability), were highly species diverse in terms of groundcover plants, and had herbaceous communities that shared a number of common sandhill plant species with forested sites, but also were unique in a number of ways. I also found that adult tortoises (burrow site selection) and juvenile tortoises (surface activity) may have exhibited different behaviors in novel test range vegetation types compared to individuals inhabiting more natural longleaf pine sandhill on base. However, I did not find strong evidence that current vegetation structure or composition was related to observed differences in burrow densities among sites and that other factors might have played a greater role in structuring Eglin’s remnant tortoise sub-populations.
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14

Johansson, Nathalie. "Teat position and personality in piglets, Sus scrofa." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Zoologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-70783.

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In order to investigate if difference in personality is depended on the teat positions in piglets, Sus scrofa, 63 piglets, from 21 litters, were studied. The piglets were at an age between 9 and 31 days. 3 piglets in each of the 21 litters, one that suckled at an anterior teat, one at a middle teat, and one at a posterior teat, were studied during lactation, undisturbed activity, and introduction to a novel object respectively to new straw. In total thirteen behaviors were recorded. The only significant difference between the teat position were disputes during suckling (P=0.018). There was a tendency of playing during undisturbed activity (P=0.062) between the teat positions. There were significant differences between the litters for every behavior except for inactive piglet lying alone (P=0.108) and when exploring new straw (P=0.584). There is only evidence for behavioral differences for the frequency of disputes during suckling between piglets at different teat positions. A principal component analysis, which accounted for 64.2 % of the variance, suggested four personality traits: exploration (19.2 %), playfulness (17.5 %), interest in food (14.8 %), and interest in straw (10.9 %). However, no significant differences were found for these components for the different teat positions.
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15

Santos, Larissa Germiniani dos. "Phrases in Noise Test (PINT): adaptação cultural para o português brasileiro e aplicabilidade na avaliação do sistema de frequência modulada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25143/tde-02062015-161419/.

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Avaliar as habilidades comunicativas e auditivas de crianças com deficiência auditiva é de extrema importância, visto que é indispensável o acompanhamento do desenvolvimento da audição para verificação e planejamento do processo de (re) habilitação auditiva. No cenário nacional não há teste padronizado para avaliação da percepção da fala no ruído para aplicação em crianças. Este trabalho propõe a adaptação cultural do teste de percepção da fala Phrases in Noise Test (PINT) para a Língua Portuguesa, validação e verificação da sua efetividade na avaliação do Sistema de Frequência Modulada. Foram traduzidos, adaptados e ajustados os estímulos de fala e de ruído, por um programa de editor de áudio, a fim de equalizar a inteligibilidade das frases. Antes de iniciar a aplicação do teste em crianças, foi realizada sua calibração com 10 adultos com audição normal para ajuste de intensidade do sinal de fala. Foram então excluídas duas frases que poderiam influenciar no resultado final do teste em crianças com deficiência auditiva e selecionadas 10 frases que apresentaram igual inteligibilidade entre elas. Portanto o teste PINT Brasil foi criado e adaptado com 10 frases de ordens simples referentes às partes do corpo. Foram criadas seis listas do teste na versão em português brasileiro, sendo que cada frase foi repetida duas vezes por lista de forma pseudorrandomizada. O teste inicia de forma descendente numa relação +15dBSR a -12dBSR e termina de forma ascendente da relação de -12dBSR para +15dBSR com o sinal de fala com intensidade fixa e o ruído variando de forma adaptativa. Foi adotada a posição de escuta S0o/R180o. A verificação e validação das listas foram obtidas pela aplicação do teste em 10 crianças com audição normal e 12 crianças com deficiência auditiva usuárias de Implante Coclear e Sistema de Frequência Modulada. Os resultados demonstraram que não foi encontrado efeito de aprendizagem nas listas aplicadas em crianças com audição normal, nem diferenças significativas nas sequências de aplicação do teste e nas idades no grupo das crianças com deficiência auditiva. As condições com Sistema de Frequência Modulada apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante às condições sem Frequência Modulada, confirmando a importância e a melhora da relação S/R com o uso do Sistema de Frequência Modulada. Para validação do teste foram realizadas medidas de validação convergente e validação concorrente. Este estudo concluiu que o Phrases in Noise Test está traduzido, adaptado e validado para o português Brasileiro, sendo nomeado PINT Brasil, e é efetivo para avaliar a percepção da fala no ruído em crianças a partir de quatro anos de idade com deficiência auditiva usuárias de Implante Coclear e Sistema de Frequência Modulada.
To evaluate the communication and listening skills of children with hearing loss is extremely important since the monitoring of hearing developing for verification and planning of the habilitation or rehabilitation process is essential. On the national scene there is no standardized test for assessment children speech perception in noise. This study proposes a cultural adaptation of the speech perception procedure Phrases in Noise Test into Brazilian Portuguese, the validation and verification of its effectiveness in the evaluation of the Frequency Modulation System. The test phrases were translated. Speech and noise stimuli were adapted and adjusted using an audio editor program in order to equalize the intelligibility of sentences. Before the test application in children, a calibration with 10 normal hearing adults was performed to adjust the intensity of the speech signal. Two sentences that could influence the final result of the test in children with hearing loss were excluded and 10 phrases with equally intelligibility between them were selected. Six test lists of the Portuguese Brazilian version of the test were created and each phrase was repeated twice a list in a pseudo-randomized order. The test begins with the phrases at a signal-to-noise relation descending from a +15dB to a -12dB and ends ascending from a -12 to a +15 signal-to-noise relation with a fixed intensity and varying noise. The listening position adopted was the speech presented at 0-degree azimuth and noise at 180-degree azimuth. Verification and validation of lists were obtained with the test application in 10 children with normal hearing and 12 children with hearing loss users of cochlear implant and Frequency Modulation System. The results showed that was not found learning effect in the lists used in children with normal hearing. There were no significant differences in test application sequences and at the ages in the group of children with hearing loss. The conditions with the Frequency Modulation System were statistically different from conditions without it, confirming the importance and improved signal-to-noise relation using this device. Concurrent and convergent validity measures were assessed for test validation. This study concluded that the Phrases in Noise Test was translated, adapted and validated for Brazilian Portuguese, being named PINT Brazil, and is effective to assess speech perception in noise from four years old children with hearing loss users of the cochlear implant and Frequency Modulation System.
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16

Svensson, Malin. "Personality types and teat order in piglets." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Molekylär genetik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69509.

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To investigate whether piglets show different personality types due to teat position, a number ofexperiments were performed on 21 different litters, 9 to 31 days old. The tests included threefocal piglets in each litter with different teat position, anterior, middle and posterior, inobservations on suckling behaviour, undisturbed behaviours, a novel object test and a straw-testwhere thirteen behaviours were observed. The tests found an effect on teat position on frequencyof disputes between piglets during suckling and their teat position (P=0.018) and a tendency ofdifference in undisturbed playing behaviour between piglets at different teat position (P=0.057).All tests found differences between litters concerning behaviours. With a Principal componentanalysis, the four personality types curiosity, playful, food interest and straw interest wasestablished. No effect between different teat positions and personality type were found, but atendency of difference between personality trait playful and different teat positions (P=0.062). Inconclusion: no significant differences between teat position and personality type in piglets couldbe established.
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17

Carvalho, Carlos Augusto Ramos de. "Efeito da técnica úmida simplificada de adesão com etanol na cimentação intraradicular de pinos de fibra." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25131/tde-05122011-092428/.

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Este estudo avaliou a resistência ao deslocamento vertical push-out de pinos de fibra de vidro cimentados à dentina intra-radicular utilizando uma resina fluida padrão como agente cimentante em combinação com um adesivo dentinário experimental e um adesivo disponível comercialmente. 20 pré-molares unirradiculares humanos foram previamente extraídos e tratados endodonticamente. Os espécimes foram divididos em quatro estratégias de união a dentina: Grupo 1 com adesivo experimental com etanol na proporção em volume 1:1 (resina/etanol) e Grupo 2 com adesivo experimental com etanol na proporção em volume 1:2(resina/etanol); adesivos experimentais aplicados de acordo com a técnica úmida de adesão simplificada com etanol, Grupo 3: One-Step Plus aplicado de acordo com a técnica úmida de adesão simplificada com etanol; Grupo 4: One-Step Plus aplicado seguindo as instruções do fabricante. Os espécimes foram seccionados em fatias de 1 mm de espessura e apos o teste push-out foi realizado. Espécimes representativos foram selecionados para exame ultra-estrutural. Não houve diferença estatística na resistência ao deslocamento push-out entre as estratégias testadas de adesão (p> 0,05). O padrão predominante de fratura foi entre os pinos de fibra e o agente cimentante. A partir deste estudo devemos considerar como promissora a técnica com etanol utilizada na cimentação de pinos no canal radicular devido aos possíveis benefícios das resinas altamente hidrófobas. Mais estudos são necessários para validar o uso da técnica úmida de adesão simplificada com etanol quando cimentados pinos de fibra.
This study evaluated the push-out bond strength of glass fiber posts adhesively bonded to intraradicular dentin using a standard unfilled resin as luting agent in combination with an experimental and a commercially available adhesive. Twenty extracted single-rooted human teeth were endodontically treated. Specimens were assigned to 4 dentin bonding strategies: Group 1 (co-monomers to ethanol on ratio 1:1) and Group 2 (co-monomers to ethanol on ratio 1:2): Experimental adhesives applied in accordance with the simplified ethanol-wet bonding technique; Group 3: One-Step Plus (OSP) applied in accordance with the simplified ethanol-wet bonding technique; Group 4: OSP applied following manufacturers instructions. Bonded specimens were sectioned in 1-mm-thick slices and the push-out test was performed. Representative specimens were selected for ultrastructural examination. No statistical differences in push-out bond strength were found among the tested bonding strategies (p>0.05). The major failure pattern was between the post and the luting cement. From this study the ethanol technique should be considered as a promising approach in the luting of fiber posts into the root canal due to the possible benefits of highly hydrophobic resins. Further studies are needed to validate the use of the ethanol-wet bonding technique when luting a fiber post.
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18

Harrison-Snyder, Jill Elizabeth. "Pink Lines and Yellow Tables: A Production of Charles L. Mee's BIG LOVE." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/208821.

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Theater
M.F.A.
A dramatic analysis and directorial reflection on Temple Theaters' production of Charles L. Mee's BIG LOVE, a modern rendering of Aeschylus' THE SUPPLIANT WOMEN. This thesis explores the entire process of directing the production, from research and text analysis, to visual collaboration and rendering, to casting and rehearsal, to tech and production. Ultimately, it is the author's intention to reveal a specific directorial perspective of BIG LOVE and the corresponding creative process utilized to render this interpretation.
Temple University--Theses
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19

Carreras, Ubach Ricard. "The cognitive bias test as a measure of emotional state in pigs." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/392711.

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L'avaluació de les emocions és un dels principals objectius de la ciència del benestar animal. El test del biaix cognitiu (BC) s'ha proposat com una mesura per avaluar la valència (positiu vs. negatiu) i la intensitat de les emocions en animals i es basa en la premissa que els subjectes amb un estat emocional negatiu jutjaran un estímul ambigu més negativament que els subjectes amb un estat emocional positiu. L'objectiu del primer estudi va ser avaluar l'aplicabilitat i la consistència del test del BC (TBC) en porcs. Els resultats van mostrar que els porcs eren capaços d'aprendre la tasca de discriminació necessària per posteriorment realitzar el TBC. Malgrat tot, es va observar una inconsistència entre el TBC dut a terme en dos moments diferents. Aquest resultat suggereix que els porcs van canviar la percepció de l’estímul ambigu degut a la capacitat de recordar el resultat d’aquest estímul durant el segon TBC. Els objectius del segon estudi van ser 1) avaluar l’efecte del gènere i del genotip halotà en el BC (utilitzant el TBC) i en el nivell de por (utilitzant el test d’objecte novedós, TON), 2) avaluar la relació entre el BC i el nivell de por i 3) contrastar els resultats del TBC i els del TON amb les concentracions d’una sèrie de neurotransmissors. No es van trobar diferencies entre gèneres i genotips respecte el BC i respecte la por, però es va observar una correlació positiva entre els resultats del TBC i el TON, suggerint que la por juga un paper important en la presa de decisió. A més, els porcs amb més por van presentar concentracions més baixes de dopamina, constatant la relació entre aquest neurotransmissor i la resposta de por. Els objectius del tercer estudi van ser 1) avaluar l’efecte del maneig en el BC (avaluat pel TBC), en la por (avaluat per el TON) i en la resposta de cascada defensiva (avaluat per el test de cascada defensiva, TCD), 2) avaluar l’efecte del maneig en la concentració de cortisol en sèrum, saliva i pel i 3) avaluar la relació entre els testos de comportament (TBC, TON i TCD) i amb les concentracions de cortisol. No es van trobar diferencies entre porcs amb maneig positiu i negatiu respecte els testos de comportament i les concentracions de cortisol, suggerint que el maneig dut a terme no va ser prou intens o que les mesures utilitzades no eren valides o no prou sensibles per avaluar aquestes diferencies. Malgrat tot, es van trobar correlacions positives entre els resultats dels diferents testos de comportament constatant que factors individuals com ara el nivell de por o la motivació van tenir un efecte en l’estat afectiu dels porcs. El quart estudi realitzat tenia per objectiu avaluar l’efecte de les condicions d’allotjament en el TBC, en l’avaluació qualitativa de comportament (AQC), en la concentració sèrica de cortisol i en el número de ferides en les canals dels porcs. Els resultats van mostrar que els porcs allotjats en condicions enriquides tenien millors puntuacions en l’AQC, concentracions de cortisol sèric més baixes i un número més baix de ferides a la canal que els porcs criats en condicions empobrides. Malgrat tot, els resultats del TBC no van mostrar aquestes diferències suggerint que el test no és vàlid o prou sensible per detectar les alteracions emocionals en aquests porcs. En resum, és factible aplicar el TBC en porcs, ja que van realitzar correctament la tasca d’aprenentatge requerida, tot i així, el test no va presentar ni consistència ni validesa qüestionant-ne la utilitat per avaluar l’estat emocional en porcs.
The assessment of animal emotions is a crucial goal in the study of animal welfare science. The cognitive bias (CB) test has been proposed as a measure to assess the valence (positive vs. negative) and the intensity of animal emotions and is based on the premise that subjects in negative emotional state will judge an ambiguous stimulus more negatively than subjects in positive emotional state. The aims of our first study were to assess the applicability and the consistency of the CB test (CBT) in pigs. Our results showed that pigs were able to learn the spatial discrimination task necessary to subsequently perform the CBT. However, there was lack of consistency between the responses of the CBT performed twice, leaving 5 weeks between them. This result suggests that pigs changed the perception of the ambiguous stimulus due to its ability to remember the outcome of the ambiguous stimulus during the second CBT or due to uncontrolled factors such as their age or hunger state over time. The aims of our second study were 1) to assess the effect of the gender and the halothane genotype on CB (using the CBT) and on the level of fear (using a novel object test, NOT), 2) to assess the relationship between the CB and the level of fear and 3) contrast the results of the CBT and the NOT with the concentrations of several brain neurotransmitters. No differences were found between genders and genotypes regarding the CB and regarding the level of fear but a positive correlation was found between the CBT and the NOT results, suggesting that fear plays an important role in the decision taken by the pig dealing with ambiguous stimuli. Moreover, more fearful pigs had lower concentration of dopamine on the prefrontal cortex, supporting the relationship between this neurotransmitter and the fear response. The aims of the third study were 1) to assess the effect of handling on the CB (assessed by a CBT), on the fear (assessed by NOT) and on the defence cascade response (assessed by the defence cascade test; DCT), 2) to assess the effect of handling on serum, saliva and hair cortisol concentration and 3) to assess the relationship between behavioural tests (CBT, NOT and DCT) and between these tests and cortisol concentrations. No differences between positive and negative handling were found regarding the behavioural tests and cortisol concentrations, suggesting that the handling treatment carried out was not powerful enough to induce such differences or that the measures used were not valid or not sensitive enough to assess such differences. Nevertheless, positive correlations were found between behavioural tests supporting that individual factors such as the fear level, the motivation or the coping style had an effect on pigs’ affective state. The fourth study carried out was aimed to assess the effect of housing conditions on the CBT, on the qualitative behaviour assessment (QBA), on the serum cortisol concentration and on the number of wounds on pigs’ carcass. The results showed that pigs raised in enriched housing conditions had better QBA scores, lower serum cortisol concentration and lower number of carcass lesions than pigs raised in barren housing conditions. However, the results of the CBT did not showed those differences suggesting that the test is not valid or not sufficiently sensitive to detect emotional variation in those pigs. In conclusion, is feasible to apply the CBT in pigs, as they performed correctly the required learning process, however, the test showed no consistency and no validity questioning its utility to assess the emotional state in pigs.
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20

Orr, Michael Romanoff. "Solidification Cracking Performance and Metallurgical Analysis of Filler Metal 82." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1470067177.

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21

Schreibeis, Amanda Danielle. "Cross Sensitization of Depressive-Like Behavior through Two Depression Related Paradigms: Maternal Separation and Its Effect on the Forced Swim Test In the Guinea Pig." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1484638271891606.

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22

Sales, Marcel Willian Reis. "Conector de cisalhamento tipo pino com cabeça para viga mista aço-concreto com laje alveolar." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4382.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Composite beams of steel and concrete are studied for some time. The mechanism of transfer of longitudinal shear stresses on the interface between the beam and the slab usually occurs by means of shear connectors. In this case, the set of two materials behavior depends on the strength and rigidity of the connector on the interface, being well known for connectors with pin-type head associated with massive concrete slab. However, there is little information on shear connectors with pin-type head associated with hollowcore slab concrete. This study aims to determine, by means of direct shear tests, the resistance of connectors with pin-type head when associated with cellular slab and precast concrete presence of cover concrete. Hollow core slabs are analyzed with two different heights and concrete cover of 40 mm in thickness. Is also varied the strength of concrete fill and rate of shear reinforcement at the link. The results are compared with normative prescriptions and suggestions for other jobs. At the end, we propose the modification of an expression commonly used to evaluate the resistance of stud bolt and alveolar slab so as to adapt it to the situation of cellular concrete slab with hood.
As vigas mistas de aço e concreto são estudadas há bastante tempo. O mecanismo de transferência de tensões de cisalhamento longitudinais pela interface entre a viga e a laje normalmente se dá por meio de conectores de cisalhamento. Nesse caso, o comportamento conjunto dos dois materiais depende da resistência e da rigidez do conector na interface, sendo bem conhecido para os conectores do tipo pino com cabeça associados com laje maciça de concreto. Entretanto, há pouca informação sobre conectores de cisalhamento do tipo pino com cabeça associados com laje alveolar de concreto pré-moldado. Este trabalho tem por objetivo determinar, por meio de ensaios de cisalhamento direto, a resistência de conectores do tipo pino com cabeça quando associados com laje alveolar de concreto pré-moldado e presença de capa de concreto. São analisadas lajes alveolares com duas alturas diferentes e capa de concreto de 40 mm de espessura. Também é variada a resistência do concreto de preenchimento e a taxa de armadura transversal à ligação. Os resultados são comparados com prescrições normativas e sugestões de outros trabalhos. Ao final, é proposta a modificação de uma expressão normalmente utilizada para avaliar a resistência do conector tipo pino com cabeça e laje alveolar de modo a adequá-la à situação de laje alveolar com capa de concreto.
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23

Vidal, Marjorie. "Optimisation des stratégies d'amélioration génétique du pin maritime grâce à l'utilisation de marqueurs moléculaires." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0044/document.

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Le pin maritime (Pinus pinaster Ait.) est l’une des principales espèces forestières en France, fournissant près d’un quart de la production nationale de bois. Un programme d’amélioration, mis en place dans les années 1960, propose des variétés génétiquement améliorées pour la croissance et la rectitude du tronc.Cette thèse explore la possibilité d’introduire les marqueurs moléculaires dans les stratégies d’amélioration génétique du pin maritime en Aquitaine. Les marqueurs sont utilisés afin de reconstituer a posteriori les pedigrees au sein d’un test de descendance « polycross », pour d’une part vérifier les hypothèses sur lesquelles repose la sélection backward, et d’autre part, pour proposer une stratégie de sélection innovante. Tout d’abord, la reconstitution du pedigree de 984 individus à l’aide de 63 marqueurs SNPs permet de valider les hypothèses de la sélection backward, et montre que les estimations des paramètres génétiques et des valeurs génétiques maternelles, basées sur l’information d’un pedigree partiel ou complet, diffèrent peu. Puis, les meilleurs descendants du test polycross sont présélectionnés et génotypés pour évaluer la faisabilité d’une stratégie de sélection forward. Enfin, des vergers à graines sont simulés selon différentes stratégies de sélection (backward, forward, mixte) afin de comparer les gains génétiques des variétés améliorées ainsi obtenues.Une stratégie de sélection forward chez le pin maritime permettrait d’accélérer les cycles de sélection et d’augmenter la fréquence des sorties variétales. De plus, le jeu de marqueurs SNPs développé dans cette étude est en cours de valorisation dans différentes étapes du programme d’amélioration
Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) is one of the main economical forest species in France, providing about twenty five percent of the national round wood production. A breeding program, implemented since the 60’s, offers genetically improved varieties for growth and stem straightness.This PhD explores the use of molecular markers in breeding strategies for maritime pine in Aquitaine. Molecular markers were used for pedigree recovery in a polycross progeny trial to test assumptions of backward selection on one hand, and to evaluate the feasibility of a new breeding strategy on the other hand. First, the pedigree of 984 progeny was recovered with 63 SNPs allowing to verify the assumptions of backward selection. We also showed that genetic parameters and maternal breeding value estimates were not much modified by inclusion of full pedigree information. Then, the best progenies in the polycross trial were preselected and genotyped to investigate the possibility of carrying out a forward selection strategy. Finally, establishment of clonal seed orchards were simulated from various breeding strategies (backward, forward, mixed) in order to compare genetic gains from the improved varieties obtained thereby.This study opens new perspectives towards an implementation of forward selection in the French maritime pine breeding program, to speed the selection cycles up and to increase the frequency of variety renewal. Moreover, the set of SNP markers developed is now used in different steps of the breeding program
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24

Machado, José Arimatéia Rabelo. "Viabilidade técnica e econômica da conservação e uso da Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze em teste de procedências e progênies." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/157229.

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Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) O. Kuntze ou pinheiro-do-paraná é uma espécie florestal fornecedora de madeira valiosa e sementes de alto valor nutritivo, mas considerada em risco de extinção. A manutenção de plantios com a finalidade de conservação da espécie é uma estratégia complementar para reduzir a possibilidade de erosão genética em seu habitat natural. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a viabilidade técnica e econômica da conservação genética da Araucaria angustifolia a partir de um teste de procedências e progênies, que será transformado em uma área de produção de sementes, com a finalidade de manter uma representação da base genética da espécie e fornecer material genético de qualidade para fins de produção de madeira e sementes. Estabeleceu-se o experimento em abril de 1982, na Estação Experimental de Itapeva, do Instituto Florestal, no Estado de São Paulo. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos de famílias compactas com três repetições, cinco procedências (parcelas), 14 a 26 progênies/procedência (subparcelas), 10 plantas por subparcela e espaçamento de 3,0 x 2,0 metros. Avaliou-se o experimento aos 33 anos de idade tendo sido considerado os seguintes caracteres: sobrevivência (%), altura total (m), diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP, cm) e volume (m³). A análise genético-estatística do experimento com o auxílio do software Selegen estimou os parâmetros genéticos, conforme a metodologia do modelo linear misto univariado aditivo REML/BLUP (Restricted maximum likelihood/Best linear unbiased prediction). A viabilidade econômica foi avaliada a partir dos cenários de produção e manejo, obtidos com o auxílio do software SISAraucaria, e da estimação dos parâmetros econômicos pelo software Planin. Os parâmetros genéticos indicaram boas condições tanto para a conservação quanto para o melhoramento, sugerindo haver viabilidade técnica para a transformação do teste em uma área de produção de sementes. Os parâmetros econômicos indicaram viabilidade da conservação, com a exploração da madeira, apesar do baixo crescimento e manejo inadequado do experimento. A exploração conjunta de madeira e pinhão se revelou uma estratégia altamente rentável, viável e recomendável, considerando os parâmetros econômicos estimados. A produção de sementes com qualidade genética superior poderá subsidiar novos plantios com maior produtividade do que à encontrada na população atual. Conclui-se que a conservação genética da araucária pelo uso é uma estratégia de conservação ex situ viável técnica e economicamente.
Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) O. Kuntze is a kind forest species supplier wooden valuable and seeds of recognized nutritional value, however considered threatened on extinction. Plantations maintenance with species conservation purpose is a complementary strategy to reduce genetic erosion in natural areas. So, the aim of this work was to evaluate technical and economic viability of Araucaria angustifolia genetic conservation by the use. The analyzed provenance and progeny test was established in 1982 at Itapeva Experimental Station – São Paulo State, from Forestry Institute, following a compact family blocks design with 110 open-pollinated progenies, from five natural populations, three replicates, ten plants per subplot, spaced from 3,0 x 2,0 meters. At age 33 the trial was measured for following traits: total height, diameter at breast height (DBH), wood volume and survival. The variance components and genetic parameters estimates were performed by REML/BLUP methods (Restricted maximum likelihood/Best linear unbiased prediction) using Selegen software. The production and management scenarios were obtained by using SisAraucaria software. Sensitivity analysis and economic parameters estimates were obtained through several methods of economic evaluation using the Planin software. In general, genetic parameters indicated that the evaluated population has enough variability for both conservation and breeding, and it suggests a technical viability use in seedling seed orchard. The economic parameters indicated viability of conservation with wood exploitation, despite the low growth and the inadequate trial management. Exploitation of both: wood and seeds has proved to be a highly profitable, viable and recommended strategy facing the excellent estimates of economic parameters. The production of seeds with genetic quality may also support new plantations with higher productivity than those from current population. In conclusion, the araucaria genetic conservation by use is an technically and economic viable ex situ conservation strategy.
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25

Mets, Berend. "Lignocaine extraction ratio and clearance as an indicator of hypoxic hepatic injury : a study using the in situ and the isolated perfused pig liver." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27152.

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The metabolism of lignocaine to monoethylglycinexylidide has been found useful as an indicator of hepatic function in association with liver transplantation. It has been postulated that this might be due to the common effect of hypoxic damage on liver function and lignocaine metabolism. The aim of this work was to establish whether hepatic lignocaine elimination was impaired by hypoxia and whether lignocaine extraction ratio and clearance could be used as an indicator of hepatic function. This was studied using the isolated pig liver perfused via the hepatic artery and portal vein. To establish whether the pig liver could be used as a possible human model for this investigation and whether lignocaine had any detrimental effects on liver function and blood flow in vivo, hepatic lignocaine elimination and the effects of lignocaine administration on hepatic function and blood flow were studied in the anaesthetized pig, surgically prepared to allow sampling across the liver and direct hepatic blood flow measurement. Hepatic lignocaine elimination was then studied in the isolated perfused liver to determine whether this was similar to that found in vivo. The definitive studies required preliminary investigations not available from the literature to determine the feasibility of comparing in vivo and ex vivo hepatic function using the same liver. In addition, by studying the decay of lignocaine after bolus dose administration the necessary pharmacokinetic parameters to achieve similar constant hepatic affluent lignocaine concentrations in vivo and in the isolated preparation could be determined. The preliminary investigations showed that a sequential experiment using the same liver to compare in vivo and ex vivo function was inappropriate as the energy state of isolated perfused livers previously studied in vivo was significantly different from that in livers perfused immediately. The decay of lignocaine after a bolus dose in vivo and ex vivo could be described by a two-compartment open model and in both preparations the derived pharmacokinetic parameters from this analysis were used to achieve similar constant hepatic affluent concentrations over the study period used to determine hepatic lignocaine elimination. Lignocaine extraction ratio by the in situ pig liver was similar to that reported in man and together with hepatic clearance and intrinsic clearance was similar to that determined in the isolated state when different livers were used for this comparison. There was no detrimental effect of lignocaine administration on hepatic function and blood flow In vivo. Lignocaine extraction ratio and clearance and monoethylglycinexylidide formation were significantly impaired in livers subjected to hypoxia. Lignocaine elimination correlated strongly with hepatic cellular ATP, energy charge and ATP/ ADP ratio as well as with hepatic potassium release but less strongly with aspartate aminotransferase release when this relationship was tested using the combined data from hypoxic and normoxic livers ex vivo. These correlations were positive for hepatic adenine nucleotide status and negative for hepatic potassium and aspartate aminotransferase release. Neither hepatic alanine aminotransferase release nor lactate utilization were significantly affected by hypoxia. Lignocaine extraction ratio, hepatic oxygen consumption, ATP content, bile flow and potassium release were shown to be equivalent, more highly sensitive, and earlier indicators of hypoxic hepatic injury than hepatic aspartate aminotransferase release in the isolated perfused pig liver.
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26

Silva, Camila Cristina Machado da. "Desenvolvimento e teste de protótipos de brincos para identificação eletrônica em suínos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-11052011-103708/.

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A alimentação humana é o tema mais relevante nas pautas do mundo todo, em que a necessidade de segurança alimentar e a preocupação dos consumidores a respeito do produto consumido levou à visão da necessidade de garantir a sanidade, a qualidade e a procedência do produto. Com o aumento do poder da computação a um custo flexível, técnicas de processamento digital e a sistemas de instrumentação eletrônica vêem se moldando a produção animal com o objetivo de otimizar a criação. Mostra-se hoje uma significativa importância da identificação eletrônica animal como uma ferramenta para a rastreabilidade dos animais produzidos comercialmente. O objetivo do presente projeto foi avaliar a viabilidade técnica de um sistema de identificação eletrônica com tecnologia RFID para identificação de suínos do ponto de vista eletrônico e zootécnico, avaliando a eficiência do uso da identificação com dispositivos eletrônicos, acoplados a brincos de diferentes modelos, facilidades de aplicação e permanência no animal. Foram avaliadas a eficiência do dispositivo quanto à sua disposição no animal e teste do equipamento desenvolvido em um grupo de leitões. Foram realizados protótipos de 6 tipos diferentes de brincos eletrônicos, e verificada a eficiência em laboratório e nos animais a campo. Os melhores modelos observados em relação a adaptação nos animais em todas as fases da produção, os quais não apresentaram quedas, problemas no comportamento do animal, e mal cicatrização, foram os modelos 4 e 5. Com esse resultado pode-se verificar a eficiência e consistência dos dados gerados e da utilização de brincos na suinocultura. Com o projeto foi possível analisar a viabilidade dos brincos de forma científica e de forma a fornecer um novo produto nacional ao mercado suinícola, o brinco se mostra viável e de grande uso comercial.
Is the more relevant subject in tariffs around the world, where the need for food safety and consumer concern about the product consumed leading to the vision of the need to ensure the health, quality and origin of the product. With increasing computing power at a cost flexible techniques of digital signal processing systems coupled to electronic instrumentation, come to shaping up the casting quality control and optimizing in animal production. Today a significant importance of electronic animal identification as a tool for the traceability of animal production, the objective of this project was to evaluate the electronic identification system with RFID technology for identification of pigs from the point of view electronics, such as livestock, evaluating the use of electronic identification devices, coupled to ear tags of different models, ease of application and remain in the animal. We used prototypes of 6 models of electronic ear tags, and checking the efficiency in the laboratory and in animals in the field. We have ear tags with excellent reading ability of data transmission, and the best models for the adaptation observed in animals at all stages of production, and that showed no falls, problems in animal behavior and welfare, and poorly healing were the model 4 and 5. With this result we can verify the efficiency and consistency of data generated and the use of earrings in pigs. With the project it was possible to examine the viability of ear tags in swine, in a scientific manner and to provide a new product to market domestic pig, the ear tags in swine identification of in order to provide a new national product to market swine.
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27

Růžička, Jakub. "Přizpůsobení ohřívatelného tribometrického nástroje pro sériové zkoušky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231040.

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This Paper deals with a design of tribometer for pin-on-disc and disc-on-disc tests. The purpose of these tests is Investigation of friction coefficient during hot forming. The main emphases of this paper are tool heating and quick tool change. The conductive sample heating is analyzed with FEM software Ansys and the results of this snalysis are taken into design consideration. Existing pin mounting design is considered as satisfying. Various disc mounting concepts are compared. The best solution - specimen mounting by an inside clamping cone with integrated specimen ejector was manufactured (heating excluding) and successfully tested.
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28

Andersson, Simon. "Pellet production of Sicklebush, Pigeon Pea, and Pine in Zambia : Pilot Study and Full Scale Tests to Evaluate Pellet Quality and Press Configurations." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för miljö- och livsvetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-55393.

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More deaths are caused every year by indoor air pollution than malaria, HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis combined. Cooking with traditional fuels such as charcoal and fuelwood with poor ventilation causes the single most important environmental health risk factor worldwide. It also contributes to environmental issues such as deforestation as traditional biomass fuels and cooking stoves are inefficient and requires large quantities of wood. This is especially critical in Africa where the largest regional population growth in the world is expected to occur. A solution to these issues was realized through fuel pellets and modern cooking stoves by Emerging Cooking Solutions, a company started by two Swedes and based in Zambia. The production of fuel pellets in Zambia is dependent on pine sawdust from small sawmills and is a declining source of raw material. However, other sources of biomass are available in Zambia such as pigeon pea stalk, an agricultural waste product, and sicklebush, an invasive tree species. If these species are viable for pelletization, the production of pellets can increase while reducing issues with sicklebush and promoting cultivation of pigeon pea. The aim of this work is to evaluate if pigeon pea stalk and sicklebush are viable to pelletize in Zambia and how the press is affected by the different raw materials. A pilot study is done at Karlstad University with a single unit press, hardness tester and soxhlet extractor to evaluate how the material constituents correlate to friction in the press channel and hardness of the pellets. The results of the pilot study provide support for full scale tests done in a pellet plant in Zambia. The normal production of pellets from pine sawdust is used as quality and production reference for the tests with pigeon pea stalk, sicklebush, and different mixes of the raw materials. The properties used to evaluate the quality of the pellets are hardness, durability, moisture content, bulk density, and fines. The press configuration is evaluated by logging the electricity consumption by the press motor, calculating the power and specific energy consumption from the logs, and observations during the tests. The results show that sicklebush, and mixes of sicklebush with pigeon pea stalk can produce pellets with better quality than the reference pine pellets. An interesting composition is a mix of 80% pigeon pea and 20% sicklebush that produces pellets with the best quality of all the tests. However, pellets produced from sicklebush and pigeon pea show a larger variation in hardness as compared to the reference pellets from pine sawdust. Mixing pigeon pea with pine reduces these variations but reduces the hardness of the pellets below the reference. The press struggles to process sicklebush and pigeon pea stalk with fluctuating power consumption that causes the motor to trip. The inhomogeneity of the materials in sicklebush and pigeon pea are identified to cause the issues in the press. Production improvements are discussed to facilitate the production of pigeon pea stalk and sicklebush pellets.
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29

Aguilar, Louie. "Effect of Interstitial Elements on the Weldability of Ni-base Alloys." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563367451520424.

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30

Silva, Luciana Mendonça da. "Resistência da união da cimentação adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro frente ao teste de remoção por extrusão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25131/tde-29052009-100558/.

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Este trabalho avaliou a resistência de união de pinos de fibra de vidro cimentados à dentina com o uso de um cimento resinoso convencional e um auto-adesivo. Trinta dentes bovinos unirradiculares tiveram as raízes 17mm a partir dos ápices. As raizes foram tratadas endodonticamente e divididas aleatoriamente em 3 grupos (n=10): G1- cimento resinoso convencional RelyX ARC + ScotchBond Multi Uso Plus (SBMP) fotoativado + pino de fibra de vidro; G2 RelyX ARC + SBMP quimicamente ativado + pino de fibra de vidro; G3 cimento resinoso auto-adesivo RelyX U100 + pino de fibra de vidro. Após a cimentação dos pinos, os espécimes foram armazenados por 24 horas em água destilada, à 37oC. As raízes foram cortadas sob irrigação constante para obter de 6 a 9 fatias de 1mm de espessura. O teste de resistência à extrusão foi realizado para medir a resistência adesiva nas fatias da região cervical, média e apical, a uma velocidade de 0,5mm/min. Todos os espécimes foram observados em microscópio ótico de luz para avaliar os tipos de falhas. Os valores foram submetidos à análise de variância a dois critérios (ANOVA) e teste de Tukey (p0,05). As médias gerais dos grupos 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente, (MPa) foram de 4,87 (±3,65); 5,89(±3,72); e 8,50(±4,52). Os valores de resistência adesiva regional nos terços cervical, médio e radicular, respectivamente, foram: G1- 5,26(±3,44); 5,11(±3,33); 5,01(±3,17); G2- 7,45(±3,82); 5,88(±2,50); 4,91(±2,74); G3- 10,11(±3,11); 9,12(±3,70); 4,99(±3,28). Os maiores valores de resistência adesiva foram encontrados com o cimento auto-adesivo. Ao avaliar os terços separadamente, os grupos 2 e 3 obtiveram comportamento semelhante nos terços cervical e médio. No terço apical, todos os grupos tiveram o mesmo comportamento. A resistência de união foi influenciada pelo tipo de cimento utilizado e região radicular, mas não foi alterada pela variação do modo de polimerização do sistema adesivo.
This work evaluated the bond strength of glass fiber posts to dentin using a conventional and a self-adhesive resin cement. Thirty bovine incisors had their roots sectioned 17mm from their apices, endodontically treated and assigned into 3 groups (n=10): group 1, conventional resin cement RelyX ARC + ScotchBond Multi Purpose Plus (SBMP) light activated + glass fiber post; Group 2, RelyX ARC+ SBMP chemically activated + glass fiber post; Group 3, self-adhesive resin cement RelyX U100 + glass fiber post. After luting, specimens were stored for 24 hours in distilled water at 37oC. Roots were sliced under water irrigation to obtain 1mm thick slices. Push-out test was performed on each slice with a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0,5mm/min. All fractured specimens were observed using a light microscope to identify modes of failure. Values were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukeys test (p0,05). Mean values (MPa) and standard deviation for groups 1, 2 and 3 were, respectively: 4.87 (±3.65); 5.89(±3.72); e 8.50(±4.52). Regional bond strength values for the cervical, medium and apical were: G1- 5.26(±3.44); 5.11(±3.33); 5.01(±3.17); G2- 7.45(±3.82); 5.88(±2.50); 4.91(±2.74); G3- 10.11(±3.11); 9.12(±3.70); 4.99(±3.28). The highest bond strength values were obtained using the self-adhesive cement. Regional bond strengths were similar in the cervical and medium region in groups 2 and 3. All cements had the same performance on the apical region. Bond strength was influenced by the type of cement used and radicular region, but was not altered by the activation mode of the bonding system.
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31

Lima, Gerson Silva de. "Padroniza??o de um Teste de Soroaglutina??o Macrosc?pica para Diagn?stico da Leptospirose em Su?nos." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/871.

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Leptospirosis is considered a global health problem in human and veterinary medicine. It is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira, prevalent on every continent. The development of an effective macroscopic serum agglutination test against leptospirosis is justified, since the available ones are expensive, cumbersome and restricted to specialized laboratories. In Brazil, leptospirosis in pigs has been a major cause of reproductive failure in several states, mainly in the south and southeast regions of the country. Among the animals used in production of rural ecosystems, pigs have the most frequent clinical manifestations in the reproductive sphere with abortions, usually in the final third of pregnancy. Infertility, sterility or birth of debilitated or dead pigs which dies in the first days of life are signs of the presence of the bacteria in the breeding matrix. In the present study, six suspensions formulations of antigenic serovars pomona, icterohaemorrhagiae and copenhageni were used in single suspension form or in two serovars combinations. These were tested against pig serum with no clinical suspicion of leptospirosis compared with the microscopic agglutination test that is accepted as the gold standard by the World Health Organization (WHO). Among the six proposed suspensions the combination of serovars pomona + icterohaemorrhagiae showed the best result. The results demonstrates a percentage of 89% sensitivity and specificity of 89% for the suspension with the serovars combination of pomona + icterohaemorrhagiae and 87% for positive predictive value and 90% negative predictive value for the same combination, demonstrated by the statistics methods such as Chi-square, Kappa and Linear Logistic Model. Given the importance of leptospirosis in pigs and economic impact that it causes worldwide, in addition to the lack of current information, this study aimed to develop a screening rapid test for the diagnosis of pigs kept in variable dimension farms from rural regions of the Rio de Janeiro state.
A leptospirose ? considerada um problema global de sa?de na ?rea humana e veterin?ria. ? uma zoonose causada por bact?rias do g?nero Leptospira, prevalente em todos os continentes. O desenvolvimento de um teste de soro aglutina??o macrosc?pica eficaz contra a leptospirose se justifica, j? que os existentes s?o caros, trabalhosos e restritos a laborat?rios especializados. No Brasil, a leptospirose em su?nos tem sido uma das principais causas de falhas reprodutivas em v?rios estados, principalmente nas regi?es sul e sudeste do pa?s. Dentre os animais de produ??o explorados em ecossistemas rurais os su?nos apresentam as manifesta??es cl?nicas mais freq?entes na esfera reprodutiva com abortamentos, usualmente no ter?o final da gesta??o. A infertilidade, a esterilidade o nascimento de leit?es debilitados que morrem nos primeiros dias de vida s?o sinais da presen?a da bact?ria nas matrizes reprodutoras. No presente estudo, utilizou-se seis formula??es de suspens?es antig?nicas dos sorovares pomona, icterohaemorrhagiae e copenhageni em forma de suspens?o ?nica ou em combina??es de dois sorovares. Foram testadas frente a soros de su?nos sem suspeita cl?nica de leptospirose comparando com a soroaglutina??o microsc?pica que ? o teste aceito como padr?o ouro pela Organiza??o Mundial de Sa?de (OMS). Dentre as seis suspens?es propostas a combina??o dos sorovares pomona + icterohaemorrhagiae apresentou o melhor resultado. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram um percentual de 89% de sensibilidade e 89% de especificidade para a suspens?o com a combina??o dos sorovares pomona + icterohaemorrhagiae e de 87% de valor preditivo positivo e 90% de valor preditivo negativo para a mesma combina??o, comprovado pelos m?todos estat?sticos Qui-quadrado, Kappa e Modelo Linear Log?stico. Dada ? import?ncia da leptospirose em su?nos e o impacto econ?mico que causa mundialmente, al?m da car?ncia de informa??es atuais, este trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver um teste r?pido de triagem para diagn?stico em su?nos mantidos em cria??es rurais de diferentes regi?es e tamanhos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.
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Figueiredo, Mariana Diehl [UNESP]. "Influência de soluções irrigadoras na resistência adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro utilizando cimento resinoso: avaliação através do teste de push-out." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90376.

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Atualmente, os pinos de fibra de vidro têm surgido como uma alternativa para restaurar dentes tratados endodonticamente. Entretanto, a perda da retenção do pino é uma das principais causas de falhas. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união e o tipo de falha adesiva, em diferentes regiões da raiz, de pinos de fibra de vidro transparente cimentados no canal radicular com cimento de cura dual, variando-se a solução irrigadora utilizada durante o preparo dos canais, através do teste de push-out. Para o estudo, foram utilizados 30 dentes humanos, todos igualmente preparados. No momento da cimentação dos pinos, as soluções irrigadoras foram: solução de soro fisiológico, hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% e solução de clorexidina 2%; e o cimento resinoso utilizado foi de cura dual. Após a cimentação, os espécimes foram seccionados, obtendo-se 2 fatias de aproximadamente 2 mm cada, suas faces cervicais foram marcadas, e então, submetidas ao teste de push-out. Foram realizados os testes ANOVA e Tukey, com nível de significância de 5 %, para a análise do ensaio mecânico e realizada análise qualitativa do tipo de falha ocorrida. Pôde-se observar que o grupo irrigado com hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% apresentou menor valor da média de resistência adesiva (3,870 ± 3,799 MPa), comparado com o grupo da clorexidina 2% (4,215 ± 2,098 MPa) e com o grupo do soro (4,510 ± 1,186 MPa). Já em relação aos terços, a região média foi a que apresentou maior valor da média de resistência adesiva (4,803 ± 3,14 MPa) quando comparado com a região cervical (3,593 ± 1,717 MPa), porém não houve diferença estatística significante, nem entre as regiões e nem entre as soluções irrigadoras. A maioria das falhas ocorridas foram do tipo adesiva 70%, enquanto que 23,33% foram fraturas coesivas, e 6,66% foram do tipo mistas. Assim, é possível concluir que os...
Currently, the fiberglass posts have emerged as an alternative to restore endodontically treated teeth. However, the loss of retention of the pin is a major cause of failure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the bond strength of transparent fiberglass posts, using a dual cure cement, varying the irrigating solution used during the preparation of the root canals through the push-out test and then a qualitative analysis of types of adhesion failures was made by reading into a stereomicroscope. For the study, 30 human teeth were used, all equally prepared. At the time of cementation of the posts, the irrigating solutions were: normal saline solution, sodium hypochlorite 2.5%, and 2% chlorhexidine solution, and the resin cement used was dual-curing. After cementation, specimens were sectioned, yielding two slices of about 2 mm each, their cervical faces were marked, and then subjected to push-out test, the data obtained were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The tests performed were ANOVA and Tukey, with a significance level of 5% for the analysis of mechanical test, and the type of failure occurred was qualitatively evaluated. It could be observed that the group irrigated with sodium hypochlorite 2.5% showed the lowest mean bond strength (3.870 ± 3.799 MPa), compared with 2% chlorhexidine group (4.215 ± 2.098 MPa) and the normal saline solution group (4.510 ± 1.186 MPa). In relation to the thirds, the middle region showed the highest value of bond strength average (4.803 ± 3.14 MPa) compared with the cervical (3.593 ± 1.717 MPa), but differences were not statistically significant, nor between regions nor between irrigating solutions. Most failures were adhesive type 70%, while 23.33% were cohesive fractures, and 6.66% were mixed type. Thus, we conclude that the irrigation protocols evaluated in this study did not exert effects on the bond ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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33

Figueiredo, Mariana Diehl. "Influência de soluções irrigadoras na resistência adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro utilizando cimento resinoso : avaliação através do teste de push-out /." São José dos Campos : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90376.

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Orientador: Claudio Antonio Talge Carvalho
Banca: Renato Miotto Palo
Banca: Márcia Carneiro Valera
Resumo: Atualmente, os pinos de fibra de vidro têm surgido como uma alternativa para restaurar dentes tratados endodonticamente. Entretanto, a perda da retenção do pino é uma das principais causas de falhas. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união e o tipo de falha adesiva, em diferentes regiões da raiz, de pinos de fibra de vidro transparente cimentados no canal radicular com cimento de cura dual, variando-se a solução irrigadora utilizada durante o preparo dos canais, através do teste de push-out. Para o estudo, foram utilizados 30 dentes humanos, todos igualmente preparados. No momento da cimentação dos pinos, as soluções irrigadoras foram: solução de soro fisiológico, hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% e solução de clorexidina 2%; e o cimento resinoso utilizado foi de cura dual. Após a cimentação, os espécimes foram seccionados, obtendo-se 2 fatias de aproximadamente 2 mm cada, suas faces cervicais foram marcadas, e então, submetidas ao teste de push-out. Foram realizados os testes ANOVA e Tukey, com nível de significância de 5 %, para a análise do ensaio mecânico e realizada análise qualitativa do tipo de falha ocorrida. Pôde-se observar que o grupo irrigado com hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% apresentou menor valor da média de resistência adesiva (3,870 ± 3,799 MPa), comparado com o grupo da clorexidina 2% (4,215 ± 2,098 MPa) e com o grupo do soro (4,510 ± 1,186 MPa). Já em relação aos terços, a região média foi a que apresentou maior valor da média de resistência adesiva (4,803 ± 3,14 MPa) quando comparado com a região cervical (3,593 ± 1,717 MPa), porém não houve diferença estatística significante, nem entre as regiões e nem entre as soluções irrigadoras. A maioria das falhas ocorridas foram do tipo adesiva 70%, enquanto que 23,33% foram fraturas coesivas, e 6,66% foram do tipo mistas. Assim, é possível concluir que os ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Currently, the fiberglass posts have emerged as an alternative to restore endodontically treated teeth. However, the loss of retention of the pin is a major cause of failure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the bond strength of transparent fiberglass posts, using a dual cure cement, varying the irrigating solution used during the preparation of the root canals through the push-out test and then a qualitative analysis of types of adhesion failures was made by reading into a stereomicroscope. For the study, 30 human teeth were used, all equally prepared. At the time of cementation of the posts, the irrigating solutions were: normal saline solution, sodium hypochlorite 2.5%, and 2% chlorhexidine solution, and the resin cement used was dual-curing. After cementation, specimens were sectioned, yielding two slices of about 2 mm each, their cervical faces were marked, and then subjected to push-out test, the data obtained were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The tests performed were ANOVA and Tukey, with a significance level of 5% for the analysis of mechanical test, and the type of failure occurred was qualitatively evaluated. It could be observed that the group irrigated with sodium hypochlorite 2.5% showed the lowest mean bond strength (3.870 ± 3.799 MPa), compared with 2% chlorhexidine group (4.215 ± 2.098 MPa) and the normal saline solution group (4.510 ± 1.186 MPa). In relation to the thirds, the middle region showed the highest value of bond strength average (4.803 ± 3.14 MPa) compared with the cervical (3.593 ± 1.717 MPa), but differences were not statistically significant, nor between regions nor between irrigating solutions. Most failures were adhesive type 70%, while 23.33% were cohesive fractures, and 6.66% were mixed type. Thus, we conclude that the irrigation protocols evaluated in this study did not exert effects on the bond ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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34

Suh, Sanghyun. "Weldability Evaluation in Autogenous Welds of Alloys 230, 800H, and 825." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1471581194.

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35

Chidoski, Filho Julio Cezar. "Influência de técnica restauradora alternativa com diferentes tipos de resina composta para reforço radicular em raízes enfraquecidas." Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 2018. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2585.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Avaliou-se a influência do tipo e viscosidade da resina composta utilizada para reforço radicular (RR) em dentes com canais radiculares excessivamente alargados na adesão de pinos de fibra de vidro (PFV) ao canal radicular. Foram selecionados 78 dentes permanentes unirradiculares, os quais tiveram suas coroas removidas e suas raízes tratadas endodonticamente. Após uma semana, foi realizado o preparo dos condutos para posterior RR. Nesse momento, as raízes foram aletoriamente divididas em 6 grupos (n=13), sendo um grupo controle positivo (GCP – em que os canais não estavam alargados), um grupo controle negativo (GCN – em que os canais estavam alargados, porém sem RR), e 4 grupos de RR dos canais alargados de acordo com a combinação dos seguintes fatores: tipo de resina composta: bulk ou convencional e viscosidade da resina composta: fluida ou regular. Após a cimentação dos PFV, para cada raiz foram obtidas seis fatias (duas representativas de cada região radicular - terço coronário, médio e apical). Em seguida, para cada grupo, 7 raízes foram avaliados em resistência de união (RU) pelo teste de push-out, 6 raízes foram avaliados em nanoinfiltração (NI) e microdureza Vickers. Os dados obtidos de RU e NI foram submetidos a ANOVA dois fatores (grupo experimental vs região radicular) e Tukey (α=0,05), e de microdureza a ANOVA um fator e Tukey para cada grupo experimental (α= 0,05). Os grupos de RR com as resinas tipo bulk em ambas as viscosidades apresentaram resultados de adesão superiores estatisticamente ao GCN em todas as regiões radiculares (maior RU e menor NI). Pode-se concluir que a técnica de reforço radicular com resinas composta do tipo bulk, tanto com viscosidade regular quanto com viscosidade fluida, pode ser uma técnica alternativa interessante previamente à cimentação de PFV em raízes enfraquecidas com canais radiculares alargados.
The influence of the type and viscosity of the composite resin used for root reinforcement (RR) was evaluated in teeth with excessively wide root canals in the adhesion of glass fiber post (GFP) to the root canal. It was selected 78 uniradicular permanent teeth, which had their crowns removed and their roots treated endodontically. After one week, the conduits were prepared for later RR. At that time, the roots were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 13): positive control group (PCG - where the root canals were not enlarged), negative control group (NCG - where the root canals were widened - but without RR), and 4 groups of RR of the widened root canals according to the combination of the following factors: type of composite resin: bulk or conventional and viscosity of composite resin: flow or regular. After the cementation of the GFP, six slices were obtained for each root (two representatives of each root region - coronary, middle and apical third). Then, for each group, 7 teeth were evaluated in bond strength (BS) by the push-out test, 6 teeth were evaluated in nanoleakage (NL) and Vickers microhardness (VHN). The data obtained from BS and NL were submitted to two-way ANOVA (experimental group vs root region) and Tukey (α = 0.05), and from VHN to one-way ANOVA and Tukey for each experimental group (α = 0.05). The RR groups with bulk composite resins at both viscosities showed statistically superior adhesion results to GCN in all root regions (higher BS and lower NL). It can be concluded that the radicular reinforcement technique with bulk composite resins, both with regular and flow viscosities, may be an interesting alternative technique prior to the GFP cementation in weakened roots with widened root canals.
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36

Neto, Tatiany de Mendonça. "Avaliação da resistência adesiva, por meio do teste de microtração, da interface pino de fibras de vidro / cimento / dentina radicular variando-se cimentos, adevivos dentinários e tempo de armazenamento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25135/tde-09112007-145259/.

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Avaliou-se, por meio do teste de microtração, a resistência adesiva da interface pino de fibras de vidro /cimento/ dentina radicular, variando-se cimentos, adesivos dentinários e tempo de armazenamento. Foram utilizados dentes caninos humanos permanentes, extraídos por razões periodontais, que tiveram suas coroas seccionadas e as raízes preparadas para receber pinos de fibras de vidro (Fibrekor). Os dentes foram aleatoriamente divididos em grupos de dez, variando a técnica de cimentação adesiva e o tempo de armazenamento. Os cimentos utilizados foram (1) Panavia F, (2) Variolink II, (3) Enforce, com seus respectivos adesivos. Avaliou-se também a influência da aplicação de uma camada do adesivo hidrofóbico Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus [SBMP] com o cimento Panavia F e Enforce. Espécimes cimentados com Variolink II, Panavia F com SBMP e Enforce com SBMP foram armazenados em água destilada por três meses. Após a cimentação, as raízes foram seccionadas (longitudinalmente e horizontalmente) com disco diamantado obtendo-se espécimes de 1mm de espessura, dois por terço da raiz. Os espécimes foram submetidos ao teste de microtração e o modo de fratura analisado em microscópio óptico. Os valores médios de resistência (MPa) foram submetidos aos testes ANOVA e Tukey (p < 0,05). A análise estatística mostrou (1) diferenças significativas na resistência adesiva entre cimentos e terços sendo que na média total dos terços, o cimento Variolink II foi superior aos outros cimentos; (2) na análise por terços, o cimento Variolink II mostrou valores estatisticamente superiores para o terço cervical. Os cimentos Panavia F e Enforce apresentaram valores significativamente menores no terço cervical; (3) diferenças significativas na resistência adesiva, com a aplicação do adesivo hidrofóbico, independente da região avaliada; (4) diminuição significativa na resistência adesiva para os cimentos Variolink II e Enforce, após armazenamento em água; (5) após o armazenamento, o cimento Variolink II apresentou diminuição na resistência adesiva no terço cervical e o cimento Enforce nos terços médio e apical. O cimento Panavia F exibiu aumento significativo da resistência adesiva nos terços cervical e médio, e diminuição no terço apical; (6) em microscopia óptica, um padrão de fraturas predominantemente do tipo adesiva para todos os experimentos.
This study evaluated the microtensile bond strengths of the fiber post-resin / resin cement/ root dentin when were varied the resin cement, dentin bonding system and longterm water storage. Were used for this study, human canines teeth extracted for periodontal reasons. The crown was sectioned and root canals were prepared for fiber post-resin (Fibrekor). The teeth were randomly assigned into experimental groups (n = 10) when were varied the resin luting technique and term water storage. The resin cements were (1) Panavia F, (2) Variolink II, (3) Enforce mediated by their respective adhesives. Experimental groups, using Panavia F and Enforce, were prepared in the same way, except that the additional layer of a low-viscosity bonding resin (Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus [SBMP]) was placed on the bonded root dentin surface before luting the fiber post-resin. The teeth were stored for 3 months and subsequently prepared for microtensile bond strength testing. Beams of approximately 1mm2 were tested in tension at 0,5mm/mim in a universal testing machine. Fractured surfaces were examined under X 40 stereomicroscope to determine the mode of fracture. The data were divided into cervical, middle and apical regions and analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey\'s test (p < 0,05). The results of tensile bonding strengths showed (1) significant differences among resin cements and root dentin regions, were presented higher mean bond strength values to Variolink II, when compared with others; (2) the cervical third of Variolink II demonstrated higher values, to Panavia F and Enforce demonstrated lower values for that regions; (3) the application of the additional layer of the hydrophobic adhesive resulted in significant improved in the tensile bonding strength; (4) water storage for 3 months produced bond strengths that were significant lower for Variolink II e Enforce; (5) after storage, the Variolink II reduced bond strengths in the cervical third and Enforce in the middle and apical regions. The cervical and middle third of Panavia F presented higher mean bond strength values and apical regions demonstrated lower values; (6) No cohesive fractures within resin cement, fiber-reinforced composite resin post, or root dentin were identified.
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37

Evans, William Charles. "Advancements in Joining Armor Grade Steels." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1556816907125644.

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38

Skogsfjord, Michael, and Minna Blom. "Naturliga filtermaterial för reduktion av metaller i dagvatten." Thesis, Mälardalen University, Mälardalen University, Department of Public Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-4301.

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Förorenat dagvatten från Stena Gotthards metallåtervinningsanläggning i Eskilstuna har filtrerats genom kolonner innehållande två olika adsorbenter, torv och furubarksflis. Torv är en organisk jordart som främst används som bränsle och furubarksflis är en biprodukt från skogsindustrin. Båda filtermaterialen är relativt billiga och finns i stora kvantiteter i Sverige. Filtermaterialen har visat sig ha varierande kapacitet att adsorbera metaller i vatten på grund av själva materialet samt vattnets sammansättning. Resultatet från den här studien visar att av de två undersökta filtermaterialen så har furubarksflis störst kapacitet att reducera bly, koppar och zink från det specifika dag vattnet.


Polluted storm water from a metal recycling industry has been filtrated through columns that contained two different adsorbents, peat and pine bark. Peat is an organic soil, mainly used for energy production, and pine bark, a by-product from the forest industry. In Sweden, there are a lot of resources of peat as well as pine bark. Used as filter materials, they are relatively cheep and, like other kinds of filtermaterial used as adsorbents, they have varied capacity to adsorb metals in water. The capacity for the filter materials to adsorb metals depends on the physical structure and chemical contents of the peat and pine bark as well as the water metal composition. Results from this study show that pine bark had the highest adsorption capacity to reduce copper, lead and zinc from the specific storm water.

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Luskin, Timothy Clark. "Investigation of Weldability in High-Cr Ni-base Filler Metals." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366210427.

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40

Rakotoniaina, Volana Astérie. "Co-méthanisation des déchets fermiers et alimentaires : expérimentation et modélisation." Thesis, La Réunion, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LARE0013/document.

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Les deux principaux objectifs de cette thèse sont de développer les aspects théoriques et expérimentaux sur la co-méthanisation des déchets fermiers et alimentaires. Les objectifs de nos études portent sur l'élimination du maximum de déchets mis en ISDND, la réduction des pollutions des milieux naturels (eau, sol, air) par les effluents d'élevage, les boues de STEP et sur la mise en disposition d'une source énergétique renouvelable via le biogaz obtenu. Premièrement, nous avons effectué des expérimentations sur la co-méthanisation des effluents liquides, lisier de porc, boues de STEP, et de la vinasse et le mélange de ces effluents d'élevage avec les déjections solides des animaux (fumier, fientes) et des biodéchets (restes de repas). Ces expérimentations avaient pour but de suivre l'évolution du milieu réactionnel en fonction du composant du mélange ainsi co-digéré. Deuxièmement des tests des potentiels méthane et biogaz issus de mélange associant plusieurs types de déchets organiques sous différents états physiques (liquide, semi liquide, pâteux, solide) ont été effectués. La problématique qui se posait étant de savoir parmi les déchets à mélanger, quelle proportion de chaque mono-substrat donnera le meilleur potentiel méthanogène et s'il était possible de mettre en avant des effets synergétiques entre déchets. Nous avons fait appel à un outil statistique, le plan de mélange pour définir les mélanges à tester. Pour un mélange à 3 composants (fumier de vache, lisier de porc, restes de repas), le nombre d'expériences optimum à réaliser a été de 13. La réalisation du plan de mélange, c'est à dire la campagne expérimentale sur les co-méthanisations des 13 mélanges proposés nous a permis d'observer que le potentiel méthane d'un mélange dépend tout premièrement de sa texture (état physique) à l'entrée du processus. Un mélange contenant un maximum en proportion en co-produits liquides (lisier de porc) associé avec le maximum de déchets riches en substrats solubles (restes de repas) nous a donné les meilleurs potentiels méthane et biogaz. Cette observation a été confirmée par le taux de conversion de la matière sèche (MS) en matière volatile (MV) du mélange. Compte tenu du taux de MS, MV et le ratio MV/MS d'un mélange, ainsi que les interactions entre les composants du mélange, une loi permettant de prédire le potentiel biogaz d'un mélange doit considérer ces facteurs. Cette loi doit tenir compte de l'effet positif (synergisme) et l'effet négatif (antagonisme) entre les composants du mélange. Cette loi a été définie dans le but de prédire le potentiel méthane des mélanges constitués de fumier de vache, lisier de porc et restes de repas et se situant à l'intérieur du domaine expérimental défini par les limites sur les proportions minimale et maximale de chaque composant du mélange. Toutefois, cette loi définie n'est applicable qu'aux mélanges d'association de fumier de vache, de lisier de porc et des restes de repas. Cette loi a été définie pour estimer le BMP des mélanges, et ne permet pas de suivre le procédé de la méthanisation. Aussi, pour prédire le volume de biogaz (méthane) journalier ou cumulé de la cométhanisation
The two main objectives of this thesis are to develop theoretical and experimental aspects of the anaerobic co-digestion of farm wastes associated with food. Our general studies have for objectives the elimination as much as possible the maximum of organic waste into non-hazardous landfills, reduce pollution of natural environments (water, soil, air) by the effluent livestock, sewage sludge, and dispose of energy via the produced biogas.Firstly, we carried out experiments on the anaerobic co-digestion of the liquid effluents association (pig slurry, sewage sludge, vinasse effluents) and the mixture of animal slurries, manures, and food waste. The aim of these experiments was to follow the evolution of the reactor behavior according to the component of the co-digested mixture.Secondly, BMP tests of mixture of association several types of organic waste under different physical condition (liquid, semi liquid, pasty, solid) were carried out. We have been tried to know, which proportion of each mono-substrate will give the best BMP among waste to mix? We used a statistical tool, the mixture design to define the mixtures to be tested. For a mixture with 3 components (cow dung, pig slurry, food waste), the optimum number of experiments to realize was 13.The realization of the mixture design, i.e. the experiment series on the anaerobic co-digestion of the 13 proposed mixtures enabled us to observe that the BMP of a mixture firstly depends on its texture (physical state) at the entry of the process. A mixture containing a maximum in proportion in liquid substrate (pig slurry) associated with food waste gave us the best biogas and methane potential. This observation was confirmed by the conversion rate of dry matter to volatile solid (VS) of the mixture. These results were proven by the activity (synergism, antagonism) of mixtures components influencing to BMP tests.The empiric law defined to predict the BMP of a mixture must to account the rate of VS/DM of a mixture, and the interactions between components of the mixture. This law must also include the positive effect (synergism) and negative (antagonism) between components of the mixture. This law has been defined in order to predict the potential methane mixtures of cow dung, pig slurry and food wastes and being within the experimental domain defined by the limits on minimum and maximum proportions of each component of the mixture. However, this definite law is applicable only to the mixtures of cow dung, pig slurry and food waste. The definite law is limited for prediction of mixtures BMP. However, this empiric law can not be used to follow reactor process. Model with three stages (hydrolysis of soluble substrate, acidogenic production stage and methanogenic stage) was used to predict daily and cumulative of biogas and methane production of anaerobic digestion of farm waste associated with vegetable waste. This model must be adapted with substrate type used and experimentations conditions (batch and mesophilic conditions). An adjustment of the model equations describing hydrolysis polymers stage was necessary in order to take into account of the concentration of polymers in particulate forms contained in complex substrates such as manure, slurry, and vegetable food waste. This adapted model was called model of Coupling. Indeed, a calibration of the most influential parameters of the model of Coupling, on the output must be carried out in order to validate the model.Daily and cumulative predictions of biogas and methane production of anaerobic digestion of farm waste associated with food waste were obtained by using adapted dynamical model. Model parameters values depend on the substrate type using in experimentation processes. Moreover, parameters values must be verified, needing further work
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41

Blažek, Petr. "Analýza vybraného podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223992.

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This master´s thesis aims to analyze an agricultural holding Pigmal a.s. The analysis of environment of the company shows opportunities, but also threats around the holding. The analysis of internal situation help to determine its strengths ,weaknesses and financial health. These findings are summarized in the SWOT analysis. The conclusion states strategic recommendations for improvement of current situation.
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42

Blom, Åsa, and Mikael Bergström. "Above Ground Durability of Swedish Softwood." Doctoral thesis, Växjö universitet, Institutionen för teknik och design, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-395.

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This thesis describes aspects of durability of Swedish softwood in above ground applications. The thesis consists of a summary of nine papers, which all aim to explain the existing variation in above ground microbial durability and moisture sensitivity of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). The methods used were two field tests, one accelerated durability test, and three water permeability tests. The main conclusions made in the study were that Norway spruce sapwood is more susceptible to discolouring fungi than heartwood. With respect to Scots pine, the only important factor for its natural durability above ground was whether the samples consisted of heartwood or of sapwood. There was also no systematic variation between pine heartwood from different stand origins in above ground conditions. Origin had no influence on durability in practice for neither spruce nor pine. Furthermore, in contradiction with traditional thinking, annual ring width and density had no influence on durability in any of the tests. The material came from two different samplings. The ‘old’ material was sampled in the beginning of the 1980s and consisted of Scots pine and Norway spruce from three different origins: the north, the central area, and the south of Sweden. The material was subjected to different handling conditions and surface and end-grain treatments. The ‘old’ material was used in a large above ground field test, carried out between 1985 and 1994. Unfortunately, the spruce sapwood and heartwood was not separated in this field test. In the field trial with the ‘old’ material, the most important factor for the durability of Norway spruce was the samples’ surface- and end-grain treatment. It was also observed that untreated spruce showed better durability than samples that were painted but without proper end-grain treatment. Samples originating from one of the stands were more sensitive towards air-drying than samples from the other two, which was reflected in a higher average moisture content and mass loss for the untreated samples. With respect to Scots pine, the most important factor was whether the sample consisted of heartwood or of sapwood. The heartwood samples were durable irrespective of their previous treatment. The Scots pine sapwood samples, on the other hand, had a very fluctuating moisture content if they were not surface- and end-painted. This was also reflected in higher mass losses in these samples. Even when properly surface- and end grain treated, the sapwood samples did not perform as well as the heartwood samples. The ‘new’ material consisted of Scots pine taken from six different stands, and Norway spruce from five different stands, all from areas in southern Sweden. The sampling was performed in order to achieve a large variation in wood properties. Thus, logs from areas with different climate and growth conditions were collected. This material was used for laboratory tests, and also for the second field test, which was evaluated after a test period of two years. In the second field test untreated Scots pine and Norway spruce samples from the ‘new’ material were investigated. Effects of origin and different tree diameters were examined. Furthermore, Scots pine was separated to heartwood and sapwood, and Norway spruce to mature and juvenile wood. The Norway spruce samples were sawn with vertical or horizontal annual rings. For the Norway spruce in the second field test, vertical annual rings were shown to be very beneficial for avoiding crack formation, while samples with horizontal annual rings displayed a large number of cracks. Despite this, the larger number of cracks did not result in a higher moisture content or more fungal discoloration. Juvenile wood had a slightly higher average discolouring fungal growth grading than the other spruce samples. For Scots pine, the only factor of importance was whether the samples consisted of heartwood or of sapwood. Annual ring width, density and origin had no significant effect on either fungal growth or moisture uptake. This observation held for both Norway spruce samples and Scots pine samples. An accelerated test was run in order to investigate Norway spruce sapwood and heartwood with respect to their differences in durability towards discolouring fungi and moisture uptake. The Mycologg method was used to accelerate fungal growth during a number of forced moisture cycles. The results showed that sapwood was much more sensitive to discolouring fungi than heartwood. Sapwood also recorded a higher average moisture content than heartwood. The differences that were observed between the types of samples were not due to annual ring width, density or origin. It was observed that Norway spruce sapwood samples and heartwood samples showed differences in liquid water permeability. This observation was made especially evident in a droplet absorption test. Water droplets were absorbed much faster on the sapwood samples in comparison with the heartwood samples. This higher affinity to water suggested that a sapwood surface would reach a higher moisture content than a heartwood surface. This observation provides a major explanation of why the sapwood samples showed poorer durability towards discolouring fungi in the Mycologg trials.
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Fořt, Tomáš. "Charakterizace nanostruktur deponovaných PVD a CVD technologiemi." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233449.

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The thesis deals with mechanical properties of thin hard wear-resistant coatings. The work presents a method of dynamic testing of thin hard coatings on a newly constructed prototype of impact wear tester. It provides a comparison with standard methods of layer testing and presents new experimental results of dynamic impact wear test of the coatings. Finally, the thesis covers preparation techniques of thin film systems deposited on various substrates and their characterization using optical and electron microscopy.
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44

Farina, Ana Paula. "Estudo ex vivo da resistência de união de pinos de fibra às paredes do canal radicular utilizando diferentes cimentos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58131/tde-19022009-163351/.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar ex vivo a resistência de união de pinos de fibra de vidro (FV) e pinos de fibra de carbono (FC) nos terços cervical, médio e apical do canal radicular, cimentados com dois tipos de cimentos resinosos: auto-adesivo (RX) e convencionais (CP). Quarenta caninos superiores foram separados em 4 grupos (n = 10) de acordo com o cimento e pino utilizado. Após a secção transversal dos dentes em fatias de 2mm de espessura, o teste de resistência adesiva (0,5mm/min) foi realizado nos terços cervical, médio e apical de cada espécime. Cinco espécimes de cada grupo foram analisados em microscopia eletrônica de varredura para observar o tipo de fratura. Os dados foram submetidos à 2-way ANOVA (Bonferroni, p< 0,05). Os resultados mostraram que os pinos de FV apresentaram os maiores valores de resistência adesiva, tanto cimentados com RX quanto com CP. Analisando especificamente o tipo de cimento, pinos cimentados com RX (FV e FC) apresentaram maiores valores de resistência adesiva (p<0,05) que CP. Para todos os grupos em estudo, a resistência de união foi maior no terço cervical, seguido pelo terço médio e apical. A análise de fratura mostrou predominância de fratura coesiva de pino para RX, sendo que para os pinos cimentados com CP houve predominância de fratura adesiva entre dentina/cimento e mista. Pode-se concluir que a resistência de união foi significativamente afetada pelo tipo de pino e também pelo tipo de cimento utilizado, sendo que os mais altos valores de resistência de união foram encontrados com a utilização de pinos de FV e cimento RX.
The objective of this study was to evaluate ex vivo the Bond strength of glass-fiber posts (GF) and carbon-fiber posts (CF) to cervical, medium, and apical thirds of root canals after luting with two types of resinous cements: Self-adhesive (RX) and conventional (CP). Forty maxillary canines were divided into 4 groups (n=10) according to the luting cement and fiber post used. After roots were perpendicularly sectioned in 2mm-thick slices, bond strength teste (0.5mm/min) were perform in coronal, midlle and apical thirds. Five specimens were selected from each group for analysis in Scanning Electron Microscopy to observe the type of fracture. The data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA (Bonferonis test, p<0.05). The results showed that highest bond strength values to GF, for both luting cements (RX and CP). Regard the type of luting cement, posts (GF and CF) luting with RX had the best performance (p<0.05) that CP. For all groups, bond strength values were higher at cervical third, followed by midlle and apical thirds. The failure analysis demonstrated a predominance of post-cohesive failure for RX, and dentin-adhesive-cement and mixed failure for CP. It was concluded that bond strength was affected by the type of fiber post and type of luting cement, where the highest bond strength values were showed by GF-post and RX-luting cement.
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45

Lenzo, Jansen C. Lenzo. "Evaluation of the Effect of Tungsten and Boron Additions on the Microstructure and Solidification Cracking Susceptibility of Fe-Mn-C Filler Metals." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1470829433.

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46

Nicklisch, Felix. "Ein Beitrag zum Einsatz von höherfesten Klebstoffen bei Holz-Glas-Verbundelementen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-204784.

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Bestärkt durch das gesellschaftliche und wirtschaftliche Interesse an nachhaltigen und ressourcenschonenden Formen des Bauens gewinnen Holzkonstruktionen wieder unverkennbar an Bedeutung. Mit dieser Entwicklung bilden sich neue Konstruktionsprinzipien und Materialkombinationen im Bauwesen heraus, zu deren ingenieurtechnischer Beurteilung zum Teil keine ausreichenden Erkenntnisse vorliegen. Verbundkonstruktionen aus Holz und Glas sind eine innovative Bauweise, die zu einer höheren Materialeffizienz in Fassaden beiträgt, deren Wirkungsweise aber noch nicht ausreichend hinterfragt wurde. Werden Holz und Glas durch eine tragende Klebung verbunden, lässt sich das vielfach ungenutzte Tragpotenzial ausschöpfen, das eine in Scheibenebene belastete Verglasung aufweist. Die Qualität der Klebung entscheidet dabei über die Eigenschaften und das Leistungsvermögen des Bauteils. Die üblicherweise an dieser Schnittstelle eingesetzten Silikonklebstoffe weisen eine hohe Nachgiebigkeit und eine vergleichsweise geringe Festigkeit auf. Wenn die Verbundelemente als Aussteifung mitwirken sollen, bleibt ihr Einsatz deswegen auf Gebäude mit höchstens zwei Geschossen limitiert. Die vorliegende Arbeit trägt entscheidend zur Erweiterung der baulichen Möglichkeiten bei, indem sie der Anwendbarkeit von hochfesten Klebstoffen, die für den Einsatz im Bauwesen nur wenig erforscht sind, auf vielschichtige Weise nachgeht. Im Fokus stehen aussteifende Holz-Glas-Verbundelemente für die Fassade. Weder die Bauart noch das Bauprodukt Klebstoff sind derzeit in Deutschland in einer Norm erfasst. Das Klären der baurechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen ist daher unerlässlich und erfolgt mit engem Bezug zum konstruktiven Glasbau. Zusätzlich zur wissenschaftlichen Interpretation wird dadurch eine praxisnahe Bewertung der Versuchsergebnisse möglich, was ein Alleinstellungsmerkmal dieser Arbeit darstellt. Das Verformungsvermögen des Klebstoffs spielt eine zentrale Rolle bei der Materialauswahl und Gestaltung der Holz-Glas-Verbundelemente. Der Einfluss der Klebstoffsteifigkeit auf das Tragverhalten eines Einzelelements und auf dessen Interaktion mit den anderen Bestandteilen des Tragwerks wird an einem Modellgebäude untersucht. Auf Basis dieser Parameterstudie lassen sich drei Steifigkeitsbereiche definieren, auf die sich die Klebstoffauswahl für die weiteren Untersuchungen stützt. Der experimentelle Teil der Arbeit beginnt mit der ausführlichen Charakterisierung von sieben Klebstoffen. Davon werden zwei höherfeste Klebstoffe als geeignet identifiziert. Ein Silikonklebstoff wird als Referenzmaterial zur aktuellen Anwendungspraxis festgelegt. Das Hauptaugenmerk der folgenden Experimente richtet sich auf Aspekte der Alterungsbeständigkeit und des zeitabhängigen Materialverhaltens unter langandauernder mechanischer Beanspruchung. In labormaßstäblichen Alterungsprüfungen werden die Klebstoffproben unterschiedlichen Schadeinwirkungen ausgesetzt, die im Glas- und Fassadenbau relevant sind. Darüber hinaus erfolgen Kriechversuche an kleinen und großen Scherprüfkörpern. Letztere stellen einen besonderen Mehrwert dar, da sie eine realistische Klebfugengeometrie aufweisen und die Ergebnisse dadurch dem tatsächlichen Bauteilverhalten nahekommen. Für diese Zeitstandversuche wurde eine bislang einzigartige Versuchsanlage aus sechs Prüfrahmen mit Gasdruckfederbelastung entwickelt. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass mit den gewählten höherfesten Klebstoffen die Festigkeit der nicht gealterten Klebschichten erwartungsgemäß gesteigert werden kann. Der Bruch des Fügepartners Holz wird zum maßgebenden Versagenskriterium. Die Verformungen des Verbundelements reduzieren sich gegenüber einer Silikonklebung deutlich. Allerdings offenbaren sich in einzelnen Alterungsszenarien und unter langandauernder Belastung auch Schwachstellen dieser Klebstoffe. Ihre Verwendung kann daher nur mit konstruktiven Kompensationsmaßnahmen oder durch Abschirmen der kritischen Einwirkungsgrößen empfohlen werden. Entsprechende Vorschläge werden bei der abschließenden Bewertung der Ergebnisse unterbreitet. Verfahren und Beurteilungsmethoden, die in dieser Arbeit angewendet und entwickelt werden, erleichtern die zukünftige Bewertung weiterer aussichtsreicher Klebstoffe für den Holz-Glas-Verbund
Wooden constructions are on the rise again – encouraged by a strong public and economic trend towards sustainable and resource efficient buildings. Spurred by this growing interest novel design principles and material assemblies in architecture and the building industry evolve. These developments require further research due to the absence of evaluation tools and insufficient knowledge about their design. Load-bearing timber-glass composite elements could contribute to a more efficient use of materials in façade constructions. In this case a linear adhesive bond connects the glass pane to the timber substructure. This enables an in-plane loading of the glass whose capacity is not used to its full potential in conventional façades as it is solely applied as an infill panel. The quality of the adhesive bond defines the characteristics and the performance of the whole structural component. Structural sealants such as silicones, which are typically used for the joint, provide a high flexibility and only a low load-bearing capacity. Considering such elements being part of a bracing system, the mentioned characteristics limit the application range to buildings with not more than two stories. This thesis widens the scope with an in-depth examination of high-modulus adhesives, which have not yet been evaluated for their use in building constructions. Timber-glass composite elements used as a bracing component in façades are the focus of this work. Neither the full structural component nor the adhesive have yet been included into German building standards. Hence it is essential to assess the general requirements of their application. The relevant aspects are clarified in the context of glass constructions. In addition to the scientific discussion of the results, this approach facilitates also a practical evaluation of the findings, which is a unique feature of this work. The deformability of the adhesive becomes a crucial criterion when selecting the individual materials and designing the timber-glass composite elements. A case study assesses the influence of the adhesive stiffness on the behavior of a single element and its interaction with other members of the structural system. Based on the results, three different stiffness classes are introduced to support the selection process of the adhesives to be examined in further investigations. The experimental part of this work is initiated by a comprehensive characterization of seven shortlisted adhesives. The results enable a further differentiation of suitable materials. Two adhesives qualified as suitable for the main experiments. A silicone adhesive complements the test series to serve as a reference material to the current practice. In the next phase attention is drawn to the ageing stability and on the time-dependent material behavior of the adhesives under long-term loading. Small-scale specimens made from adhesively joint timber and glass pieces are exposed to different ageing scenarios which relate to the impacts typically encountered in façades. Beyond that, creep tests are carried out on small and large shear specimen. The latter provide extra benefit as they comprise long linear adhesive joints resembling virtually the situation in a real-size element. A specific long-term test rig was developed for this purpose comprising a loading unit with gas pressurized springs. Based on the results it can be concluded that joints with adhesives of high and intermediate stiffness enable an increase of characteristic failure loads and a significant reduction of deformation. With the stiffer joint near-surface rupture of timber fibers becomes the prevailing failure mechanism. The timber strength limits further loading of the adhesive joint. However, ageing and creep testing reveal also shortcomings of the adhesives. Their application can only be recommended if redundant compensation measures are taken or the joint is protected against critical environmental impacts. Appropriate solutions are proposed with the final recommendations of this work. Methods and assessment tools that have been developed and tested for this work offer the possibility of a more straight-forward evaluation of further promising adhesives and their use in load-bearing timber-glass composites
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47

Joly, Damien. "Usinabilité de la fonte à graphite vermiculaire." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR4042/document.

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L’étude présentée est consacrée à l’usinabilité de la fonte à graphite vermiculaire. Celle-ci se situe entre la fonte à graphite lamellaire et la fonte à graphite sphéroïdale par rapport à la forme du graphite constituant ce matériau. Elle est utilisée depuis plus de cinq ans dans les blocs moteurs diesel afin d’améliorer les performances et de diminuer les rejets atmosphériques pour respecter les nouvelles normes Européennes. Pour évaluer l’usinabilité d’un matériau, il faut s’étalonner par rapport à un matériau de référence. Dans notre cas, la fonte à graphite vermiculaire a été comparée à la fonte à graphite lamellaire. Des essais de tractions ont permis d’obtenir les propriétés mécaniques du lot de matière utilisé pour la campagne d’essais d’usinage ; ceci, afin de se situer dans la gamme de ce type de fonte. Les plaquettes d’usinage ont été caractérisées par nano-indentation. Les revêtements PVD et CVD ont subit des essais de micro-rayure afin de caractériser leur adhésion sur leurs substrats respectifs. La mise en place d’un plan d’expérience a permis de limiter le nombre de plaquettes d’usinage prototypes à réaliser. Des essais tribologiques de type pion/disque ont révélé des pistes exploitables pour la compréhension des phénomènes de frottement et d’usures mis en jeu lors de l’usinage de la fonte à graphite vermiculaire
This study deals with machinability of compacted graphite iron. This material is in-between grey cast iron and nodular cast iron due to the graphite particle shape. It is used for manufacturing diesel engine blocks so as to increase performances and reduce carbon emissions to comply with Euro 5 norm. It is necessary to compare one material to a reference material to evalute machinability criterium. In our case, compacted graphite iron has been compared to grey cast iron. Tensile tests have given us mechanical properties of our test pieces batch used for machining tests. It helped us to qualify the material in its own material range. Inserts have been characterized by nanoindentation. PVD and CVD coatings were benchmarked in microscratch way to determine their respective adhesion to theirs substrates A design of experiment has been setted up so as to reduce number of inserts protypes to be manufactured. Pin on disk tribologic tests gave few hints to have a better understanding of friction phenomena and wear during compacted graphite iron machining
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48

Coyle, Shannon Jean. "Improving Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment for Acute Viral Conjunctivitis." UNF Digital Commons, 2014. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/526.

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Conjunctivitis is the most common cause of red eye and one of the most frequent causes of visits to clinicians. There is significant controversy on the diagnosis and treatment of the disease and the use of ophthalmic antibiotics. The inconvenience of the untimely diagnostic tests led to the trend of treating conjunctivitis empirically with ophthalmic antibiotics. Subsequently, the diagnosis of bacterial conjunctivitis is higher than it should be resulting in overuse of antibiotics. Consequences of inappropriate diagnosis and treatment include increased virulence, increased health care costs, and incorrect use of antibiotics leading to possible adverse reaction and antibiotic resistance. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment will assist to reduce the diagnosis of bacterial conjunctivitis and use of ophthalmic antibiotics resulting in reduced virulence and reduced health care costs. The AdenoPlus test has been shown to be effective in appropriately diagnosing viral conjunctivitis and subsequently decreasing the use of ophthalmic antibiotics however this evidence in limited. A national retail clinic has adopted the use of this tool to assist with proper diagnosis and treatment of viral conjunctivitis. Data has not yet been analyzed to determine if the implementation of this test changes the practice of clinicians at the national retail clinic.
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49

Dratnal, Lukáš. "Analýza vad typu nekovových vměstků v odlitcích hlav motorů a návrh metod jejich odstranění." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241731.

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Improving the quality of metal castings for serial production of automotive industry, leading to improvements in the properties of casts and their lower costs. This publication analyzes the non-metallic inclusions contained in casts of heads of internal combustion engines, molded of Nemak Czech Republic, Ltd. Tackling includes analysis of size, shape, chemical composition and hardness of the specific non-metallic inclusions. The thesis describes the purity metal holding furnaces and proposals to eliminate inclusions from metal.
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50

Tománek, Jakub. "Testovací rozhraní integrovaných obvodů s malým počtem vývodů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-320175.

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This study explores the possibilities for reducing the number of pins needed for scan mode interface. In the first part of this paper the existing solutions and methods that are usable for this purpose are described. Specific four pin, three pin, two pin, one pin and zero pin interfaces are designed in second part. Advantages and disadvantages of existing solutions and methods as well as designed and proposed interface are summarized in the conclusion.
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