Journal articles on the topic 'Pimca Language'
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Stephanie, Gracia, and Efriyani Djuwita. "EFEKTIVITAS TEKNIK ANTESCEDENT CONTROL DAN DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT OF ALTERNATIVE BEHAVIOR UNTUK MENURUNKAN FREKUENSI PICA." SEURUNE: Jurnal Psikologi UNSYIAH 2, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 44–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/s-jpu.v2i2.14207.
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ABSTRAKPica merupakan gangguan yang berbahaya karena membawa dampak negatif dan membutuhkan intervensi khsusus. Pica lebih sering terjadi pada individu dengan keberfungsian yang rendah dan individu dengan diagnosis autism. Meskipun telah banyak penelitian tentang pica, tetapi masih sedikit penelitian yang menguji efektivitas intervensi pada setting alami partisipan. Penurunan frekuensi pica dapat ditangani dengan teknik differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) danantescendent control, dengan perilaku alternative membuang objek non-food ke tempat sampah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji efektivitas teknik DRA danantescedent control dalam mengurangi frekuensi pica pada anak dengan autism with accompanying intellectual and language impairment (no intelligible speech).Metode penelitian menggunakan single case A-B-A-B reversal design, dengan partisipan anak laki-laki berusia 11 tahun dengan autism yang masih sering memasukkan objek non- food ke dalam mulut. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 44 sesi, termasuk post-test yang masing-masing terdiri dari 5 trial. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa teknik DRA dan antescendent control efektif menurunkan frekuensi pica menjadi 0 perilaku/menit dan meningkatkan frekuensi perilaku membuang objek non-foodsebesar 80%.Kata kunci: modifikasi perilaku, pica, autism, antescedent control, differential reinforcement, intellectual disability, language impairmentABSTRACTPica is a dangerous disorder that resulted in negative impact and requires special intervention. Pica is more common in individuals with low functioning and individuals with a diagnosis of autism. Although there is a lot of research on pica, there are still few studies that discuss the evaluation of effectiveness of intervention in participant’s natural setting. Reduction of pica can be done by using differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) and antescedent controls, with alternative behavior of discard non-food object into the trash. This research aimed to examine the effectivity of DRA technique and antescedent control in reducing the frequency of pica in children with autism accompanied by intellectual and language disorders. The research method used a single case A-B-A-B reversal design.The participatant was a 11-year-old boy with autism who frequently insert non-food objects into his mouth. The study was conducted in 44 sessions, including post-tests, each of which consisted of 5 trials. The results of this study indicate that the DRA technique and antescendent control effectively reduce the frequency of pica to 0 behavior / minute and increase the frequency of discard non-food object by 80%.Keywords: behavior modification, pica, autism, antescedent control, differential reinforcement, intellectual disability, language impairment
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Golden, Christopher D., Curie Ahn, Yusuke Okubo, Satowa Suzuki, and Young S. Yi. "A Systematic Review of Pica and Geophagy in Japan and Korea." Asian Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 2, no. 4 (December 23, 2019): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ajir1947.
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Pica, the craved and purposive consumption of non-food substances, is a globally widespread behavior that has critical connections to public health. Although there is a rich literature describing these behaviors from nearly every culture around the world, there is a dearth of English language literature reporting these behaviors in Japan and Korea. Here, we systematically reviewed the medical evidence of pica in Korean and Japanese language journals to confirm their presence in these cultures and to characterize culturally-specific factors associated with these behaviors. We used Ichusi-Web and KoreaMed with a broad variety of recombined search terms including “pica,” “geophagy,” “amylophagy,” and “trichobezoar” in Korean and Japanese characters. Our results confirm that pica is present in both of these cultures, with particularly frequent reports of trichobezoar (the consumption of human hair).
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Bahr, Donald M. "Pima-Papago -ga, "Alienability"." International Journal of American Linguistics 52, no. 2 (April 1986): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/466011.
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Shaul, David Leedom, and Jane H. Hill. "Tepimans, Yumans, and Other Hohokam." American Antiquity 63, no. 3 (July 1998): 375–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2694626.
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The Proto-Tepiman speech community—that is, the community that spoke the language ancestral to all the contemporary Tepiman languages—can be located at the northern end of the present-day Tepiman range, perhaps as far north and west as the Gila-Colorado confluence, and probably within the Hohokam region, during the Hohokam time period in the first millennium A.D. Evidence for the northern location of Proto-Tepiman includes, first, attestation of language contact with Proto-River Yuman, including data from phonology, syntax, and lexicon. This evidence suggests that the Hohokam were a multi-ethnic community; we present evidence that by the fourteenth century this multi-ethnic system probably included speakers of Zuni. Second, the greatest internal diversity in Tepiman is among the northernmost varieties. Third, we can reconstruct a word meaning “saguaro cactus,” a plant not found south of Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, for Proto-Tepiman. While the linguistic evidence strongly suggests the involvement of the Proto-Tepiman speech community in the Hohokam system, the evidence provided by contemporary Upper Piman languages (Akimel O’odham [Pima] and Tohono O’odham [Papago]) neither confirms nor excludes the involvement of speakers of these languages in the core Hohokam complex in the late prehistoric period.
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Estrada Fernández, Zarina. "Causatividad en Pima Bajo." LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas 1, no. 1 (March 15, 2012): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/liames.v1i1.1399.
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This work provides an analysis of inchoative, morphological and analytical causatives in Pima Bajo, an Uto-Aztecan language spoken in Northwest Mexico. It is argued that for the analysis of these constructions it is useful not only to pay attention to the structural morphosyntactic properties, but also to functional values like, spontaneous, direct or indirect causation. All these functional values expressed in the scale: analytical-morphological-lexical causatives, proposed by Comrie (198:333). Constructions obtained from verbs selecting object complements, show that they could also be explained by considering the same kind of functional values. The scale previously mentioned, it is also useful to explained the fact that Pima Bajo doesn´t allow double object causatives. The scale makes unnecessary the Principle of Argument Density proposed by Song (1996).
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Martin, A. Damien. "The PICA revisited." Aphasiology 2, no. 5 (September 1988): 515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687038808248959.
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Fefelov, I. V. "NESTING OF COMMON MAGPIE IN SETTLEMENTS IN IRKUTSK PROVINCE." Amurian Zoological Journal 6, no. 4 (2014): 438–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33910/1999-4079-2014-6-4-438-440.
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Burns, Anne. "Teaching Speaking." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 18 (March 1998): 102–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500003500.
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Much recent work on optimal conditions for the teaching of speaking in second and foreign language classrooms has been grounded in educational psycholinguistics or in cognitive and social psychology. Theoretical constructs for language pedagogy have been drawn extensively from empirical studies, underpinned by the central notions of second language acquisition: communicative competence (Canale and Swain 1980); comprehensible input (Krashen 1985), negotiated interaction (Ellis 1990, Gass and Varonis 1994, Long 1983, Pica, et al. 1989), input processing (VanPatten and Cadierno 1993), developmental sequences and routes of acquisition (Meisel, Clahsen and Pienemann 1981), and communication strategies (Faerch and Kasper 1983). Such constructs are widely taught in teacher preparation programs in second and foreign language teaching and clearly have relevance to oral language instructional practice.
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Estrada, Zarina, and Susan Steele. "Person Prefixes in Pima Bajo and Analytical Decisions." International Journal of American Linguistics 65, no. 1 (January 1999): 84–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/466377.
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Riggle, Jason. "Infixing reduplication in Pima and its theoretical consequences." Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 24, no. 3 (August 2006): 857–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11049-006-9003-8.
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Estrada Fernández, Zarina. "Cláusulas relativas em pima bajo." LIAMES: Línguas Indígenas Americanas, no. 8 (April 29, 2010): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/liames.v0i8.1472.
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ABSTRACT According to the grammaticalization approach, the main goal of this theory is to describe the way grammatical forms arise and how they are developed through time. This article deals with the grammaticalization of the demonstrative higam from Pima Bajo as a relativizer suffix. The discussion also covers the grammaticalization of other elements which are also used to mark relative clauses. The study of the relativizers in Pima Bajo argues in favor of analogy as a principle that motivates the grammaticalization of these elements.KEYWORDS: Relative clauses; Grammaticalization; Uto-Aztecan languages. RESUMEN De acuerdo a los estudios de gramaticalización, la principal meta de esta teoría es la descripción de los procesos mediante los cuales se forman nuevos elementos gramaticales y de cómo evolucionan a lo largo del tiempo. Este artículo trata sobre la gramaticalización del demostrativo higam de Pima Bajo como sufijo relativizador. La discusión abarca la gramaticalización de otros elementos que codifican construcciones funcionalmente equivalentes a las cláusulas relativas. El estudio de los relativizadores en Pima Bajo permite argumentar a favor del principio de analogía como el que motiva la gramaticalización de esos elementos.PALABRAS-CLAVES: Cláusulas relativas; Gramaticalización; Lenguas yutoaztecas.
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Zaikis, Dimitrios, Nikolaos Stylianou, and Ioannis Vlahavas. "PIMA: Parameter-Shared Intelligent Media Analytics Framework for Low Resource Languages." Applied Sciences 13, no. 5 (March 3, 2023): 3265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13053265.
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Media analysis (MA) is an evolving area of research in the field of text mining and an important research area for intelligent media analytics. The fundamental purpose of MA is to obtain valuable insights that help to improve many different areas of business, and ultimately customer experience, through the computational treatment of opinions, sentiments, and subjectivity on mostly highly subjective text types. These texts can come from social media, the internet, and news articles with clearly defined and unique targets. Additionally, MA-related fields include emotion, irony, and hate speech detection, which are usually tackled independently from one another without leveraging the contextual similarity between them, mainly attributed to the lack of annotated datasets. In this paper, we present a unified framework to the complete intelligent media analysis, where we propose a shared parameter layer architecture with a joint learning approach that takes advantage of each separate task for the classification of sentiments, emotions, irony, and hate speech in texts. The proposed approach was evaluated on Greek expert-annotated texts from social media posts, news articles, and internet articles such as blog posts and opinion pieces. The results show that this joint classification approach improves the classification effectiveness of each task in terms of the micro-averaged F1-score.
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Lord, Gillian, and Stasie Harrington. "Online Communities of Practice and Second Language Phonological Acquisition." International Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Teaching 3, no. 3 (July 2013): 34–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcallt.2013070103.
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Second language (L2) researchers have long recognized the potential benefits of incorporating pronunciation instruction in language curricula (e.g., Arteaga, 2000; Castino, 1996; Elliott, 1995, 1997; González-Bueno, 1997; Lord, 2005; Major, 1998; Moyer, 1999; Terrell, 1989; among others), and have investigated a variety of training types both in and out of the classroom, meeting with mixed successes. Likewise, technological advances provide educators with new tools that foster collaboration among learners and encourage the crucial processes of input, interaction and output (Long, 1996; Pica, 1994; Swain, 1985) beyond the walls of the classroom. The present study examines the potential of one such tool – podcasting – to create a community of practice for language learners to improve their second language phonological production (following Lord, 2008; see also Ducate & Lomicka, 2009). Although the results offer inconsistent evidence in favor of specific acoustic and articulatory improvements, the benefits of podcasting for such purposes are discussed.
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Larsen-Freeman, Diane. "Pedagogical Descriptions of Language: Grammar." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 10 (March 1989): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026719050000129x.
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For hundreds of years, language educators have alternated between favoring language teaching approaches which focus on language form and those which emphasize language use or which focus on the message (Celce-Murcia 1979). For the greater part of this past decade, it has been the latter which have been fashionable. As a consequence, language teachers have been discouraged from teaching grammar. In fact, during the 1980s explicit grammer instruction has even been proscribed by certain methodologists (Krashen 1982; 1985, Krashen and Terrell 1983, Prabhu 1987). Although this position has been repeatedly assailed (Higgs and Clifford 1982, Long 1983; 1988, Harley and Swain 1984, Pienemann 1984), the proscribers persist. Only as recently as June 1988, Van Patten concluded that “…research evidence to date does not suggest that a focus on form is either necessary or beneficial to early stage learners’ (1988:243). Undeniable is the fact that research has pointed to a difference in learner performance (e.g., type of errors made) depending on whether there is a focus on form or not (Pica 1983, Spada 1987); still to be resolved, and surely an issue which will motivate much research in the next decade, is the extent to which a focus on form versus on a focus on message affects the rate of target language attainment. Such research will hopefully be conducted in a way which disambiguates “focus on form” (Larsen-Freeman and Long 1988, Beretta 1989).
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ROMANO MARTÍN, Yolanda. "ROMANO MARTÍN, Yolanda (USAL): 1975-2015: Autores y personajes del cómic italiano en España." TRANSFER 11, no. 1-2 (January 28, 2022): 59–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/transfer.2016.11.59-85.
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Este artículo trata de recordar a los autores y personajes del cómic italiano de los últimos 40 años de todos los géneros y para todo tipo de lectores que se han dado a conocer en publicaciones españolas. Entre los personajes más emblemáticas destacan: Lupo Alberto, Martin Mystère, Pimpa , Tex Willer, Cocco Bill, Corto Maltese o Valentina.
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Mackey, Alison. "INPUT, INTERACTION, AND SECOND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 21, no. 4 (December 1999): 557–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263199004027.
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This study examines the relationship between different types of conversational interaction and SLA. Long's (1996) updated version of the interactionist hypothesis claims that implicit negative feedback, which can be obtained through negotiated interaction, facilitates SLA. Similar claims for the benefits of negotiation have been made by Pica (1994) and Gass (1997). Some support for the interaction hypothesis has been provided by studies that have explored the effects of interaction on production (Gass & Varonis, 1994), on lexical acquisition (Ellis, Tanaka, & Yamazaki, 1994), on the short-term outcomes of pushed output (see Swain, 1995), and for specific interactional features such as recasts (Long, Inagaki, & Ortega, 1998; Mackey & Philp, 1998). However, other studies have not found effects for interaction on grammatical development (Loschky, 1994). The central question addressed by the current study was: Can conversational interaction facilitate second language development? The study employed a pretest-posttest design. Adult ESL learners (N = 34) of varying L1 backgrounds were divided into four experimental groups and one control group. They took part in task-based interaction. Research questions focused on the developmental outcomes of taking part in various types of interaction. Active participation in interaction and the developmental level of the learner were considered. Results of this study support claims concerning a link between interaction and grammatical development and highlight the importance of active participation in the interaction.
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Hall, Joan Kelly. "GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY ROUND TABLE ON LANGUAGES AND LINGUISTICS 1994: EDUCATIONAL LINGUISTICS, CROSSCULTURAL COMMUNICATION, AND GLOBAL INTERDEPENDENCE.James E. Alatis (Ed.). Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1994. Pp. 402. $35.00 paper." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 19, no. 1 (March 1997): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263197211071.
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This collection of 28 papers was first presented at the 1994 GURT. The theme of the conference was educational linguistics, crosscultural communication, and global interdependence. The vastness of the theme is reflected in the diversity of the chapter topics. Twelve of 28 deal with curricular issues. Of these, those by Kachru, Nyikos, D. Freeman, van Lier, Loew, and Richards discuss issues and concerns broadly related to the preparation of language teachers. D. Freeman's chapter is worthy of note because it offers an interesting discussion on the various strands of scholarship, which he suggests comprise the knowledge base of language teaching. Six of the 12 chapters center on curricular issues for the language classroom. Matters relating to the teaching of culture are dealt with by Oxford and Bamgbose. Brown discusses “responsive language teaching.” Citkina reports on innovative foreign language methods recently introduced in the Ukraine. A good discussion on computer-mediated communication and its usefulness to the language classroom is offered by Stauffer. Pica provides an excellent overview of the research on task-related learning and an equally useful discussion of its pedagogical implications.
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Estrada Fernández, Zarina. "The Pronominal Form ‐a as a Middle Marker in Pima Bajo." International Journal of American Linguistics 71, no. 3 (July 2005): 277–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/497873.
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Caravaggi, Giovanni. "Jacques Issorel, Fernando Villalón: la pica y la pluma." Bulletin hispanique, no. 114-1 (June 1, 2012): 486–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/bulletinhispanique.1959.
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Dunnigan, Timothy. "Textos y Gramatica del Pima Bajo. Roberto Escalante H., Zarina Estrada Fernandez." International Journal of American Linguistics 62, no. 3 (July 1996): 316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/466301.
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Al Khateeb, Ahmed A. "Hypothesis of Interaction: Reflections on its Theoretical and Practical Contributions for Second Language Acquisition (SLA)." Studies in English Language Teaching 2, no. 3 (September 24, 2014): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/selt.v2n3p294.
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<p><em>This article is about one of the most influential hypothesis in the fields of applied linguistics and language learning. It is based on the work of a number of scholars who contributed to the understanding of this hypothesis such as Steve Krashen, Mike Long, Teresa Pica and Merrill Swain. It starts with a brief introduction about the significance of interaction hypothesis generally in language learning in general and its central role in second language acquisition (SLA). The next section reviews some of the fundamental works and studies that have investigated the theoretical and practical understanding of this phenomenon and its relationship to learners’ achievement. It also highlights the contribution of interaction hypothesis to learning in two basic areas: noticing and feedback. There are explanatory examples presented in the following section in order to show how interactional modification techniques are used by learners. The last section presents some concluding thoughts pertaining to this topic with a focus on how it can be employed in language learning classrooms.</em></p>
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Wegner, Magdalena. "De mica en mica s’omple la pica de Jaume Fuster: un intent de consolidar la novel·la negra i policíaca a Catalunya." Studia Romanica Posnaniensia 48, no. 3 (October 14, 2021): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strop.2021.483.006.
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Discussing the Catalan crime fiction may appear as a challenging scientific task due to its lacking autochthonous tradition. The scholars exploring this issue have come to conclusion that, even though there were authors such as Rafael Tasis o Manuel de Pedrolo, whose contribution to this literary genre’s solid foundations seems indubitable, Jaume Fuster is the writer responsible for its consolidation in the Catalan literary system in the 1970s. The aim of the present paper is to analyze Jaume Fuster’s De mica en micas’omple la pica in a specific historical context in order to present some of his foreign influences and inspirations. Specifically, it investigates whether the author remained indifferent to external literary products or whether he chose deliberately some of the archi-genre’s elements in order to implement and consolidate crime fiction in Catalonia. For this purpose, we have applied some of the principles of Even-Zohar’s Polysystem Theory. The results showed that De mica en mica s’omple la pica not only has played a major role in the consolidation of crime fiction but it also placed its author in one of the central positions in the Catalan literary polysystem. Moreover, Fuster tended to interact with different foreign traditions by using in his works modified crime fiction components based on the unique repertory conditioned by the geopolitical situation of Catalonia.
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Harley, Birgit. "Effects of Instruction on Sla: Issues and Evidence." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 9 (March 1988): 164–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500000878.
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Inverstigating the effects of classroom instruction on second language acquisition is a fascinating, but formidable, task: fascinating, because it addresses fundamental issues concerning the nature of the mental processes underlying SLA and how they are affected by different learning conditions; formidable, because of the complex, multifaceted nature of both SLA and instruction, the difficulty of establishing valid and reliable profiles of each, and the interacting effects of social context and individual variables. In this brief survey, empiricial research on the effects of L2 instruction is outlined in relation to a few basic issues. For more detailed reviews of the literature, the reader is referred to Long (1983; 1988), Pica (1983a), Ellis (1984a; 1985), and Chaudron (1988).
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Tkalec, Gordana, Nikša Sviličić, and Mario Kolar. "Reprezentacija smrti u proznom opusu Frana Galovića." Fluminensia 33, no. 1 (2021): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31820/f.33.1.15.
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U radu je analiziran prozni opus Frana Galovića koji obiluje prizorima smrti i ostalim motivima povezanima s njom. Prikazi smrti predstavljeni su kronološki prema godini nastanka djela, ali i grupirani i objašnjeni prema stilskim odrednicama. Galović neprekidno mijenja i modificira svoj stav o smrti, a osobito u kasnijim radovima zanima ga i problem onoga što dolazi poslije smrti. Sve to rezultira vrtlogom samoubojstava, danse macabre-a, fascinacije smrću i rušenjem svih barijera te, po nekim istraživačima, njegovim ponajboljim djelima, ali i povezanošću s biografskim elementima. Prikaz smrti i sa smrću povezanih fenomena u manje istraživanom području Galovićeve proze nametnuo nam se stoga kao potreban način tumačenja ovoga pisca.
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Ortola, Marie-Sol. "La tendencia ut�pica en elViaje de Turqu�a." Neophilologus 70, no. 2 (April 1986): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00553316.
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Isak Kres, Jelena. "Ptohoprodrom: Prekleto šolanje!" Keria: Studia Latina et Graeca 24, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/keria.24.2.181-184.
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Ptohoprodrom oz. Revni Prodrom je naslov zbirke, ki jo je morda napisal Teodor Prodrom (najverjetneje gre za avtorja, ki so ga imenovali tudi Ptoho-Prodrom oziroma Revni Prodrom), morda pa kak njegov posnemovalec. Teodor Prodrom, ki je živel v 12. stoletju, in sicer nekje med letoma 1100 in 1170, je bil znamenit in plodovit bizantinski avtor tako proznih del kot tudi poezije. O njegovem življenju ni veliko znanega, poznamo ga predvsem kot pisca priložnostnih pesmi za pokrovitelje bizantinskega dvora. Bil je v stikih s cesarjema Joannesom II. Komnenom in Manuelom I. Komnenom, pod katerim je Bizantinsko cesarstvo doživelo ponovni vzpon vojaške in ekonomske, pa tudi kulturne moči. To je bil zadnji vrhunec tisoč petsto letne zgodovine Rimskega cesarstva.
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Altaf, Ifra, Muheet Ahmed Butt, and Majid Zaman. "Hard Voting Meta Classifier for Disease Diagnosis using Mean Decrease in Impurity for Tree Models." Review of Computer Engineering Research 9, no. 2 (June 24, 2022): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/76.v9i2.3037.
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To predict and detect various diseases, machine learning techniques are increasingly being used in the field of medical science. This study puts forward a bagging meta-estimator and feed forward neural network based voting ensemble with mean decrease in impurity feature selection to classify the disease datasets. The work was carried out using the Jupyter notebook data analysis tool, and Python 3 is used as a programming language. In this study, two chronic disease datasets - Indian Liver Patient dataset and the PIMA Indians diabetes dataset are used for building and testing the proposed model. The datasets are split into training and testing data in the ratio of 70:30. The experimental results illustrate that our proposed voting ensemble has an improved performance compared to the individual base learners. We also compared the accuracy of the model before and after the application of feature reduction technique. The results revealed that the accuracy increased with the removal of unimportant features. By using the proposed ensemble model, the average MSE, bias and variance were calculated as 0.311, 0.217 and 0.094 respectively for ILPD dataset. Similarly for PIMA dataset, the average MSE, bias and variance were calculated as 0.233, 0.186 and 0.047 respectively. These statistical parameters record a low score for ensemble classifier as compared to the individual constituent classifiers.
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Zovko Dinković, Irena, and Sandra Lukšić. "Prividna nereferencijalnost kao način stjecanja imuniteta govornika." Jezikoslovlje 20, no. 2 (December 11, 2019): 353–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29162/jez.2019.13.
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U radu se na pragmatičko-semantičkoj razini istražuje prividno nereferencijalna uporaba zamjeničke imenice čovjek i zamjenice man u funkciji subjekta za izražavanje neodređene osobnosti u hrvatskom i njemačkom jeziku. Prividno nereferencijalna uporaba navedenih izraza podrazumijeva njihovu uporabu u situacijama kada se isti referiraju na konkretne, ali prikrivene referente, neovisno o njihovu spolu. Cilj je rada prikazati na koji način takva uporaba subjektivne perspektive govornika može biti zamijenjena objektivn(ij)om te koje su pragmatičke implikacije takve zamjene. Metodologija rada uključuje analizu primjera prividno nerefencijalne uporabe zamjeničke imenice čovjek i zamjenice man na građi koja je ekscerpirana iz hrvatskih i njemačkih tiskovina (Jutarnji list, Večernji list, 24 sata, Spiegel, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Süddeutsche Zeitung), iz pripovjetke Das Verbrechen (Grijeh) Mele Hartwig i romana Na rubu pameti Miroslava Krleže. Analizirani primjeri uporabe kategoriziraju se sukladno vlastitoj dvojnoj tipologiji i pristupu temi prividne nereferencijalnosti. Rezultati analize pokazuju da prividno nereferencijalna uporaba izraza čovjek i man može predstavljati snažan mehanizam provedbe strategije imunizacije subjekta (govornika, činitelja, doživljača, pisca, odnosno naratora), koji stječe imunitet tako što se distancira od svog iskaza, odmiče od vlastitog iskustva uopćavajući ga, prikriva egocentričnost te neizravno pomiče svoju odgovornost na druge kolektivne entitete.
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Martič, Matjaž. "Semantična prozodija v specializiranih besedilih." Journal for Foreign Languages 14, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/vestnik.14.7-26.
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V članku s korpusnim pristopom obravnavamo semantično prozodijo izbranih najpogostejših besed s področja družbene odgovornosti v letnih poročilih angleških in slovenskih podjetij. Semantično prozodijo razumemo kot izražanje vrednotenjskega pomena, ki označuje tipično sopojavljanje besed oz. frazemov z leksikalnimi enotami, ki imajo pozitiven ali negativen pomen, poleg tega pa semantična prozodija izraža tudi odnos pisca/govorca in je tako sestavina pragmatičnega oz. funkcijskega pomena. Pri preučevanju semantične prozodije se osredinimo na koncept lokalnih prozodij, skladno s katerim lahko besede v določenih žanrih vzpostavijo lokalne semantične prozodije, ki se tipično pojavljajo zgolj v teh žanrih. Zgradili smo specializirani korpus letnih poročil angleških in slovenskih podjetij, ga ločili na angleški in slovenski podkorpus ter s korpusno analizo določili najpogostejše besede s področja družbene odgovornosti v posameznem podkorpusu. Na osnovi kolokacijskih in koligacijskih vzorcev, predvsem pa na osnovi preučevanja širšega kontekstualnega okolja smo identificirali vrednotenjski in pragmatični pomen izbranih besed. Ugotovili smo pretežno pozitiven vrednotenjski pomen tako pri angleških kot tudi slovenskih besedah ter precejšnje podobnosti pri pragmatičnemu pomenu angleških in slovenskih besed. Razloge za to smo iskali predvsem v sestavi korpusa, ki vključuje besedila, ki pripadajo žanru letnih poročil. V zaključku članka smo izpostavili pomen semantične prozodije v pedagoški praksi.
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Simoni, Frank Di, and Richard M. Merson. "To be or not to be: The PICA is the question." Aphasiology 2, no. 5 (September 1988): 511–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687038808248958.
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Dakić, Mirela. "Rukopis na granici." Fluminensia 33, no. 1 (2021): 171–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31820/f.33.1.3.
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Oslanjajući se na Derridaove uvide o odnosu fikcionalnosti i referencijalnosti te relaciji književnosti i politike u nizu tekstova koje okuplja žanrovskom oznakom povratka iz SSSR-a, njihovu artikulaciju razmatramo u čitanjima jednog od kanonskih djela toga žanra u hrvatskoj književnosti – Krležina Izleta u Rusiju. Čitanje polazi od fragmenta dijaloga između putnika i carinika – u putopisnoj književnosti tradicionalnih suparnika – čija nas analiza kroz prizmu Derridaovih postavki o književnosti usmjerava na problematizaciju granica i zakona koji upravljaju čitanjem književnog teksta, a stoga i dosadašnjom recepcijom Krležina djela. S jedne strane deklarativni iskazi o književnosti i umjetnosti, a s druge žanrovska kontaminacija teksta, proturječje između autorske funkcije i intervencije u jedinstvenost i jedinstvo djela te niz pripovjednih i stilskih postupaka ukazuju na konstitutivnu nemogućnost da se političke implikacije Izleta u Rusiju svedu na politiku pisca te biografske i historijske okolnosti njegova nastanka. Izigravajući zakone koji upravljaju čitanjem, Izlet u Rusiju postavlja čitatelja pred vlastiti zakon kontaminacije i nečitljivosti, krijumčareći značenje onkraj interpretativnih granica.
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Smith, Jonathan, and Fabio Finotti. "Sistema letterario e diffusione del decadentismo nell'italia di fine '800: il carteggio Vittorio Pica-Neera." Modern Language Review 85, no. 4 (October 1990): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3732744.
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Lincoln, Nadina. "Using the PICA in clinical practice: Are we flogging a dead horse?" Aphasiology 2, no. 5 (September 1988): 501–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687038808248956.
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Mackey, Alison, Susan Gass, and Kim McDonough. "HOW DO LEARNERS PERCEIVE INTERACTIONAL FEEDBACK?" Studies in Second Language Acquisition 22, no. 4 (December 2000): 471–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100004010.
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Theoretical claims about the benefits of conversational interaction have been made by Gass (1997), Long (1996), Pica (1994), and others. The Interaction Hypothesis suggests that negotiated interaction can facilitate SLA and that one reason for this could be that, during interaction, learners may receive feedback on their utterances. An interesting issue, which has challenged interactional research, concerns how learners perceive feedback and whether their perceptions affect their subsequent L2 development. The present research addresses the first of these issues–learners' perceptions about interactional feedback. The study, involving 10 learners of English as a second language and 7 learners of Italian as a foreign language, explores learners' perceptions about feedback provided to them through task-based dyadic interaction. Learners received feedback focused on a range of morphosyntactic, lexical, and phonological forms. After completing the tasks, learners watched videotapes of their previous interactions and were asked to introspect about their thoughts at the time the original interactions were in progress. The results showed that learners were relatively accurate in their perceptions about lexical, semantic, and phonological feedback. However, morphosyntactic feedback was generally not perceived as such. Furthermore, the nature as well as the content of the feedback may have affected learners' perceptions.
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Goel, Sachin, R. K. Bharti, and A. L. N. Rao. "Advancement in Healthcare Systems by Automated Disease Diagnostic Process Using Machine Learning." International Journal of E-Adoption 14, no. 3 (August 25, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijea.310002.
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E-adoption of emerging technology plays an important role during the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic taught us that everyone must make himself healthy and immune to viral disease. Diabetes is the most common disease in the Indian population found in people of every age. The objective of this research work is to use the emerging technologies such as machine learning to implement e-adoption in the healthcare system. The proposed methodology can predict the diabetes disease by using vital parameters like age, glucose level, blood pressure, etc. This proposed model is implemented into Python programming language and various machine learning classifiers such as random forest, decision tree, logistic regression, and XGBoost are used on PIMA database. Thereafter, comparative analysis is performed to test which technique is better for predicting and diagnosing diabetes disease. The method founds XGBoost classifier gives the highest accuracy (i.e., 84%) among all classifiers with single database and single classifier.
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Bennett, Susan. "Interpretation of English reflexives by adolescent speakers of Serbo-Croatian." Second Language Research 10, no. 2 (June 1994): 125–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765839401000202.
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This article addresses the question of L1 transfer in L2 acquisition of reflexive binding. It incorporates recent research on Binding Theory which focuses on the relationship between morphological complexity of anaphors and the occurrence of long-distance binding of reflexives (cf. Yang, 1983; Pica, 1987; Hellan, 1988; Battistella, 1989; Huang and Tang, 1989; Cole et al., 1990; Progovac, 1992). Reflexives typically fall into two categories: simple (X0) reflexives that may take long-distance antecedents and complex (XP) refle xives that may not. Acquisition of the English binding pattern by native speakers of Serbo-Croatian requires recognition of the morphological com plexity of English reflexives. Prior to reanalysis, learners are predicted to transfer the L1 X0anaphor type and incorrectly assign long-distance antece dents to English XP reflexives.The interpretation of English reflexives by native speakers of Serbo- Croatian was investigated using two types of written sentence comprehension tasks. A picture identification task and a multiple-choice questionnaire were administered to intermediate ( n = 20) and advanced (n = 20) L2 learners and a group of English native speaker controls (n = 20). Results consistent across task type support the transfer hypothesis and suggest learners have access to Universal Grammar in second language acquisition.
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Thomas, Margaret. "Acquisition of the Japanese reflexive zibun and movement of anaphors in Logical Form." Second Language Research 11, no. 3 (October 1995): 206–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765839501100302.
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Several recent accounts of crosslinguistic variation in the properties of anaphors have rejected Manzini and Wexler's (1987) parameterized binding principles. Pica (1987), Battistella (1989), Cole et al. (1990) and Katada (1991), among others, claim that anaphors move in Logical Form (LF) such that 'long-distance' binding can be reduced to a series of local relationships. This article looks at research on adult second language learning in the light of the proposal that reflexives move in LF. A first approach to the issue reanalyses data from earlier research on the acquisition of the Japanese long-distance anaphor zibun, research conducted under the assumption that the binding principles are parameterized. Secondly, a new study of 58 adult learners of Japanese is presented, showing that learners' knowledge of zibun at a high-proficiency level is largely consistent with a key prediction of the movement in LF approach. Although relatively few high-proficiency learners in the subject pool seem to have arrived at the full native-speaker grammar of zibun, there is little evidence that the grammars they construct violate principles of Universal Grammar. On the other hand, data from lower-proficiency learners are less readily accounted for from the perspective of movement in LF.
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S, Banumathi, and Aloysius A. "Analysis of Various Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict the Type II Diabetes Disease." International Journal of Computing Algorithm 9, no. 1 (2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20894/ijcoa.101.009.001.007.
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The enormous growth of data in biomedical and healthcare communities need accurate analysis of medical data benefits in early disease detection, patient care and society services. However, the accuracy of analysis data will be condensed when the eminence of health care data is imperfect. In heath care community different regions exist with regional disease which would not be easily predicted with maximum of accuracy level. In this paper, we predict the diabetes disease and compare the algorithm which algorithm provide high performance, finally select the best algorithm to predict the diabetes disease at early stage. Machine learning algorithm can be applied for diabetes disease automating classification. This paper compares several Machine learning algorithms for classifying diabetes disease. Algorithms that involve Decision Tree, Naive Bayes, and KNN, SVM are proposed and assessed for this classification. These approaches have been tested with PIMA Indian Diabetes Dataset downloaded from UCI machine learning data repository. The performances of the algorithms have been compared in terms of Accuracy, Sensitivity, and Specificity with help of Sciklit-learn. Sciklit-learn are a free software machine learning library for the Python programming language. Finally comes with best suitable model for predict diabetes diseases.
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Crockett, D., and B. Purves. "Don't throw out the porch with the bathwater: A second look at the future of the PICA." Aphasiology 2, no. 5 (September 1988): 507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687038808248957.
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Everett, Roger A. "Teaching matters: skills and stratergies for international Teaching assistants. Pica Tereas, A. Barnes Gregory, and G. Finger Alexis. New York: Newbury House, 1990. Pp xi + 192." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 14, no. 2 (June 1992): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100010986.
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Yoda, Yusuke. "Reflexives are Results of Impoverishment." Investigationes Linguisticae, no. 44 (December 30, 2020): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/il.2020.44.4.
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For decades, the central issues surrounding Binding have been investigation of mechanisms of co-referentiality. Most of literature have attempt to find out the mechanisms of binding condition (Chomsky 1981, 1986). This paper will shed new light on the Binding, that is morphological aspects of reflexive anaphors and pronouns, and the source of subject orientation. The purposes of this paper are to claim that Apparent ses (Pica (1985)) in some languages are in fact pronoun and thesubject orientation is emerged as a result of person/gender-feature (φ-feature) impoverishment (cf. Noyer (1997), Halle (1997)). To claim these, this paper looks at Thai and Japanese data. The organization of this paper from next chapter is as follows. Section 2 briefly reviews binding theory we adopt. Then section 3, Thai binding data are introduced. Based on Thai data provided in section 3, section 4 provides proposal and analysis, in which the morpho-semantic framework by Middleton (2018) is introduced. Section 5 shows the current account is also applicable to Japanese reflexives. Section 6 concludes this paper.
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Lincoln, Nadina. "Using the PICA in clinical practice: A reply to Di Simoni and Merson, Crockett and Purves and Martin." Aphasiology 2, no. 5 (September 1988): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687038808248960.
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Nugraha, Wahyu, and Raja Sabaruddin. "Teknik Resampling untuk Mengatasi Ketidakseimbangan Kelas pada Klasifikasi Penyakit Diabetes Menggunakan C4.5, Random Forest, dan SVM." Techno.Com 20, no. 3 (August 28, 2021): 352–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/tc.v20i3.4762.
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Penderita diabetes di seluruh dunia terus mengalami peningkatan dengan angka kematian sebesar 4,6 juta pada tahun 2011 dan diperkirakan akan terus meningkat secara global menjadi 552 juta pada tahun 2030. Pencegahan Penyakit diabetes mungkin dapat dilakukan secara efektif dengan cara mendeteksinya sejak dini. Data mining dan machine learning terus dikembangkan agar menjadi alat yang handal dalam membangun model komputasi untuk mengidentifikasi penyakit diabetes pada tahap awal. Namun, masalah yang sering dihadapi dalam menganalisis penyakit diabetes ialah masalah ketidakseimbangan class. Kelas yang tidak seimbang membuat model pembelajaran akan sulit melakukan prediksi karena model pembelajaran didominasi oleh instance kelas mayoritas sehingga mengabaikan prediksi kelas minoritas. Pada penelitian ini kami mencoba menganalisa dan mencoba mengatasi masalah ketidakseimbangan kelas dengan menggunakan pendekatan level data yaitu teknik resampling data. Eksperimen ini menggunakan R language dengan library ROSE (version 0.0-4). Dataset Pima Indians dipilih pada penelitian ini karena merupakan salah satu dataset yang mengalami ketidakseimbangan kelas. Model pengklasifikasian pada penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma decision tree C4.5, RF (Random Forest), dan SVM (Support Vector Machines). Dari hasil eksperimen yang dilakukan model klasifikasi SVM dengan teknik resampling yang menggabungkan over dan under-sampling menjadi model yang memiliki performa terbaik dengan nilai AUC (Area Under Curve) sebesar 0.80
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Novak-Marcincin, Jozef, Daniela Gîfu, and Mirela Teodorescu. "Florentin Smarandache: Law of Included Multiple-Middle - Book Review." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 40 (September 2014): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.40.29.
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Florentin Smarandache is known as scientist and writer. He writes in three languages: Romanian, French, and English. He graduated the Department of Mathematics and Computer Science at the University of Craiova in 1979 first of his class, earned a Ph. D. in Mathematics from the State University Moldova at Kishinev in 1997, and continued postdoctoral studies at various American Universities such as University of Texas at Austin, University of Phoenix, etc. after emigration. He did post-doctoral researches at Okayama University of Science (Japan) between 12 December 2013 - 12 January 2014; at Guangdong University of Technology (Guangzhou, China), 19 May - 14 August 2012; at ENSIETA (National Superior School of Engineers and Study of Armament), Brest, France, 15 May - 22 July 2010; and for two months, June-July 2009, at Air Force Research Laboratory in Rome, NY, USA (under State University of New York Institute of Technology). In U.S.A. he worked as a software engineer for Honeywell (1990-1995), adjunct professor for Pima Community College (1995-1997), in 1997 Assistant Professor at the University of New Mexico, Gallup Campus, promoted to Associate Professor of Mathematics in 2003, and to Full Professor in 2008. Between 2007-2009 he was the Chair of Math & Sciences Department.
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Murphy, Philip. "Web-based collaborative reading exercises for learners in remote locations: the effects of computer-mediated feedback and interaction via computer-mediated communication." ReCALL 22, no. 2 (May 2010): 112–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0958344010000030.
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AbstractDespite the fact that the benefits of pair and group work for those espousing an interactionist view of second language learning are well documented (Lightbown & Spada, 1999; Long, 1981; Pica, 1994, 1996; Van Lier, 1996), learning environments exist in which students have no option but to study alone. Of particular interest for this research are learners who, despite studying in contexts supportive of collaborative interaction in the classroom, have little opportunity to interact with partners when trying to participate in collaborative reading comprehension exercises outside school. In an attempt to find a solution to this potentially inhibiting learning context, this research comprises an investigation into (a) whether the introduction of computer-mediated Elaborative feedback before Knowledge of Correct Response (KCR) feedback better promotes quality interaction and comprehension of a web-based reading text and (b) whether computer-mediated communication (CMC) offers a suitable means for generating quality interaction between peers in remote locations. While completing a web-based multiple-choice reading comprehension exercise, students worked in pairs and received either KCR feedback only, or Elaborative feedback before KCR feedback. In contrast to KCR feedback which simply comprises the correct answers, Elaborative feedback was produced in the form of hints to foster interaction and to support dyads in their attempts at self-correcting any incorrect answers. Using a multiple-try methodology, hints became increasingly specific for questions repeatedly answered incorrectly. Upon completing a follow-up comprehension exercise alone, all students were provided with KCR feedback only. Results from a quantitative analysis of the comprehension scores indicate that students who were provided with Elaborative feedback subsequently scored significantly higher on the follow-up exercise. Furthermore, results from a qualitative analysis of interactions suggest that CMC is a suitable way of generating quality interaction between students, particularly when Elaborative feedback is included.
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Ahuja, Ravinder, Subhash C. Sharma, and Maaruf Ali. "A Diabetic Disease Prediction Model Based on Classification Algorithms." Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing 3, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33166/aetic.2019.03.005.
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Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases in the world, 246 million people are inflicted by this disease and according to a World Health Organisation (WHO) report, this figure will increase to 380 million sufferers by 2025. Many other debilitating and critical health issues may further develop if this disease is not diagnosed or remain unidentified. Machine Learning (ML) techniques are now being used in various fields like education, healthcare, business, recommendation system, etc. Healthcare data is complex and high in dimensionality and contains irrelevant information - due to this, the prediction accuracy is low. The Pima Indians Diabetes Dataset was used in this research, it consisted of 768 records. Firstly, the missing values are replaced by the median followed by Linear Discriminant Analysis. Using the Python programming language, feature selection techniques is applied in combination with five classification algorithms: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Logistic Regression, Random Forest and Decision Tree. The aim of this paper is to compare the different classification algorithms in order to predict diabetes in patients more accurately. K-fold cross-validation is applied, considering k to be 2, 4, 5 and 10. The performance parameters taken are the: accuracy, precision, recall, F Score and area under the curve. Our study found that the MLP classifier gave the highest accuracy of 78.7% with a recall of 61.26%, precision of 72.45% and F1 Score of 65.97% for k = 4.
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Munawar, Saima, Saba Khalil Toor, Muhammad Aslam, and Esma Aimeur. "PACA-ITS: A Multi-Agent System for Intelligent Virtual Laboratory Courses." Applied Sciences 9, no. 23 (November 25, 2019): 5084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9235084.
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This paper describes an intensive design leading to the implementation of an intelligent lab companion (ILC) agent for an intelligent virtual laboratory (IVL) platform. An IVL enables virtual labs (VL) to be used as online research laboratories, thereby facilitating and improving the analytical skills of students using agent technology. A multi-agent system enhances the capability of the learning system and solves students’ problems automatically. To ensure an exhaustive Agent Unified Modeling Language (AUML) design, identification of the agents’ types and responsibilities on well-organized AUML strategies is carried out. This work also traces the design challenge of IVL modeling and the ILC agent functionality of six basic agents: the practical coaching agent (PCA), practical dispatcher agent (PDA), practical interaction and coordination agent (PICA), practical expert agent (PEA), practical knowledge management agent (PKMA), and practical inspection agent (PIA). Furthermore, this modeling technique is compatible with ontology mapping based on an enabling technology using the Java Agent Development Framework (JADE), Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT), and Protégé platform integration. The potential Java Expert System Shell (Jess) programming implements the cognitive model algorithm criteria that are applied to measure progress through the CTAT for C++ programming concept task on IVL and successfully deployed on the TutorShop web server for evaluation. The results are estimated through the learning curve to assess the preceding knowledge, error rate, and performance profiler to engage cognitive Jess agent efficiency as well as practicable and active decisions to improve student learning.
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Perković, Vlatko. "Društveni angažman dramatičara Fabrija skriven ispod pedesetogodišnje šifre." Fluminensia 32, no. 1 (2020): 141–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31820/f.32.1.11.
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U radu se razmatra šest aluzivnih drama Nedjeljka Fabrija, Reformatori, Admiral Krstof Kolumbo, Čujete li svinje kako rokću u ljetnikovcu naših gospara?, Meštar, Kralj je pospan i Magnificat. Ponajprije se obrazlažu svojstva vremena nastanka Fabrijevih drama, posebno činjenica da su umjetnici mogli biti kazneno odgovorni ako su mimo režimskog ograničenja umjetničke zapitanosti posezali za zabranjenim temama i uzimali ih kao motiviku za izazivanje umjetničke dramske stvarnosti koja bi razotkrivala muku čovjeka u dotičnom vremenu. U tom povijesnom kontekstu u radu se istražuje poslanje pisca, odgovorna pred stvarnošću, da ustraje, da (iz drame Reformatori citira se govor lica iz drame) pretvoriti/i vlastitu sredinu u znanstvenu i književnu istinu i baciti joj je u lice da se gleda i osvijesti. Stoga autor pristupa građenju takvih formi svojih dramskih djela koje su imale svrhu skriti govor o sadašnjosti pod plaštem prošlosti ili snoviđene radnje. Ta skrivenost se u radu imenuje kao govor pod šifrom. Aluzivnost jedne drame prelazi u drugu dramu, ona se nastavlja i nadograđuje, reflektirajući sve više i više bolno autorovo viđenje dramskog zbivanja, koje privodi suočenju s općim svojstvima povijesti. Istraživački razlog rada nastoji razotkriti naboj svojstava svakog pojedinog šifriranog djela, njegovu alegorijsku asocijativnosti, sve do vremenom samoupravnog modela življenja, kad autor postavlja pitanje krivnje vlasti, ali i krivnju onih koji tu vlast slijede. Što se, pak, tiče istraživanja svojstava Fabrijeve posljednje drame Magnificat, rad privodi do posve originalnih autorovih estetsko-dramaturških konzekvenca već znanog modela kazališta u kazalištu. Autor međusobnim suprotstavljanjem dviju usporednih stvarnosti, stvarnosti izvođača djela i umjetničke stvarnosti djela, dolazi do njihova jedinstva pa se one, u konkretnoj povijesnoj situaciji izvođenja, odnosno pisanja djela, identificiraju kao zajednička stvarnost. Iz dešifrirane konkretnosti zbivanja, rad slijedi autorovo nastojanje za preispitivanjem metafizičkih obzora stvarnosti u situacijama kad se vertikalna pozicija vlasti isprepliće s horizontalnom pozicijom čovjeka-patnik, i obrnuto. Tada vidimo da se one samorazvijaju do istosti. I taj rezultat se u radu bilježi kao vrijedan estetski doseg – za razliku od uradaka onih pisaca koji dramsku radnju bilježe iz svoje teze pa tako postaju njezini pisači, bez izgled da slijede takvu dramsku radnju koja se razvija iz sebe same te da se takvim ishodom ostvare kao dramski autori.
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Ray, Kumar S. "Pattern Recognition Based on Fuzzy Set and Genetic Algorithm." International Journal of Image and Graphics 14, no. 03 (July 2014): 1450009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219467814500090.
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In this paper, we consider a soft computing approach to pattern classification. Our basic tools for soft computing are fuzzy relational calculus (FRC) and genetic algorithm (GA). We introduce a new interpretation of multidimensional fuzzy implication (MFI) to represent our knowledge about the training data set. We also consider the notion of a fuzzy pattern vector to handle the fuzzy information granules of the quantized pattern space and to represent a population of training patterns in the quantized pattern space. The construction of the pattern classifier is essentially based on the estimate of a fuzzy relation Ri between the antecedent clause and consequent clause of each one-dimensional fuzzy implication. For the estimation of Ri we use floating point representation of GA. Thus a set of fuzzy relations is formed from the new interpretation of MFI. This set of fuzzy relations is termed as the core of the pattern classifier. Once the classifier is constructed the non-fuzzy features of a test pattern can be classified. The performance of the proposed scheme is tested on synthetic data. Subsequently, we use the proposed scheme for the vowel classification problem of an Indian language. Finally, a benchmark of performance is established by considering multiplayer perception (MLP), support vector machine (SVM) and the present method. The Abalone, Hosse Colic and Pima Indians data sets, obtained from UCL database repository are used for the said benchmark study. This new tool for pattern classification is very effective for classification of patterns under vegue and imprecise environment. It can provide multiple classification under overlapped classes.
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Faraz, Saniya. "Diabetes Prediction using Machine Learning." Journal of Applied Science and Education (JASE) 2, no. 2 (2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.54060/jase.v2i2.13.
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Machine Learning is a type of AI (also known as Artificial Intelligence) that makes the pc or computer act like individuals and learn more as they experience additional information from their client or user. So here in this report we got basic introduction about machine learning like actually what is it, what is its use, how it works and many more things. Thereafter, we discussed about the python the language, which is used for making pro-ject, important libraries such as pandas and numPy which is being is used for this partic-ular project and we have also discussed about Support Vector machine which has been used as classifier. We have also talked about the linear and non-linear svm that is used to check the accuracy of the predictive system. For the implementation we have started with importing the dependencies numpy smp and pandas pd and for the analysis we have taken a csv Pima Indian diabetes dataset after that we have trained the model with the help of support vector classifier. For the model evaluation we have checked the accuracy of the training data and test data. Numerous people suffer from diabetes mellitus, one of the most serious diseases. Age, obesity, inactivity, genetic diabetes, a poor diet, high blood pressure, and other factors can all contribute to diabetes mellitus. Diabetes in-creases a person's risk of developing various illnesses, including heart disease, renal dis-ease, stroke, vision problems, nerve damage, etc. So, here we will be building a system that can predict whether a person has diabetes or not with the help of Machine Learning.