Academic literature on the topic 'Pilbara Region'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pilbara Region"
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CATULLO, RENEE A., PAUL DOUGHTY, J. DALE ROBERTS, and J. SCOTT KEOGH. "Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Uperoleia toadlets (Anura: Myobatrachidae) from the western arid zone of Australia, with a description of a new species." Zootaxa 2902, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2902.1.1.
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We generated a multi-locus phylogeny to test monophyly and distributional limits in Australian toadlets of the genus Uperoleia from the western arid zone of Australia. The molecular data were used in combination with a detailed assessment of morphological variation and some data on call structure to complete a taxonomic revision of the species that occur in this region. Our work reveals the existence of not two but five species in the region. Uperoleia russelli is restricted to the Carnarvon and Gascoyne Regions south of the Pilbara. Uperoleia micromeles is distributed from the Tanami Desert through the Great Sandy Desert and along the northern edge of the Pilbara. Uperoleia talpa was previously believed to be a Fitzroyland region endemic but it is further distributed along Dampierland and into the Roebourne Plain. Uperoleia glandulosa is a larger species than previously described as well as a greater habitat generalist, inhabiting the rocky Pilbara region and the sandy region around Port Hedland. We also describe a new species, U. saxatilis sp. nov., endemic to the Pilbara craton.
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Cramer, Viki A., Judy Dunlop, Rob Davis, Ryan Ellis, Belinda Barnett, Annette Cook, Keith Morris, and Stephen van Leeuwen. "Research priorities for the northern quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus) in the Pilbara region of Western Australia." Australian Mammalogy 38, no. 2 (2016): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am15005.
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The Pilbara population of the northern quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus) has been seldom studied, and the impacts of threats such as altered fire regimes, total grazing pressure, predation and mining and infrastructure development are not well understood. While the Pilbara was once thought likely to provide refuge for northern quolls from the poisonous cane toad (Rhinella marina), recent modelling suggests that cane toads will invade the region. The environmental approvals process for mining development in the Pilbara has generated considerable offset funds that are to be directed towards research on the northern quoll. In an effort to identify future research priorities for this species in the Pilbara through a collaborative process, the Western Australian Department of Parks and Wildlife hosted a workshop attended by scientists, environmental consultants, mining proponents and state and federal regulators. Participants at the workshop identified five key areas for future research effort: (1) develop appropriate and standardised survey and monitoring methods; (2) define areas of critical habitat and better understand how disturbance affects habitat quality; (3) improve our understanding of population dynamics; (4) better understand the key threats to the northern quoll and the interactions between these threats in the Pilbara; and (5) determine whether the northern quoll will colonise restored areas or artificial habitat. We provide the expected timelines and current allocation of resources to these research priorities over the next 10 years. We reflect on the lessons learnt from the workshop process and consider ways to improve the outcomes of such collaborative exercises.
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Peterson, Magnus. "A new species of Amycterus Schoenherr from the Pilbara region of Western Australia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae)." Journal of Insect Biodiversity 1, no. 5 (July 1, 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12976/jib/2013.1.5.
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Amycterus pilbara sp. nov. is described and diagnosed. Its distribution appears to be restricted to the vicinity of the Fortescue River in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, based on available specimens. It is most closely allied to A. caudatus (W. J. Macleay) and A. flavosetosus (Ferguson), based on external structure. Four species of Amycterus Schoenherr are now known to occur in Western Australia.
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Walker, Bruce F., Norman J. Stomski, Anne E. Price, and Elizabeth Jackson-Barrett. "Health professionals’ views on Indigenous Health and the delivery of healthcare services in the Pilbara." Australian Health Review 37, no. 4 (2013): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah13059.
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Purpose To explore health professionals’ views about Australian Indigenous people’s health and the delivery of healthcare to them in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Methods An open-ended questionnaire was used to gather information from health professionals located across diverse regions in the Pilbara. The responses were analysed with the use of thematic analysis. In the first stage, codes were developed by assigning names to small sections of the interview transcripts. Next, the most salient incisive codes were identified and developed into themes that captured the most important issues. Findings Twenty-eight health professionals indicated that the most important health issues were chronic diseases, substance abuse and ear disease. These health issues were often attributed to a cycle of poor health perpetuated throughout generations. Educational initiatives were thought to be integral to intervening in this cycle. Of particular importance in improving the effectiveness of educational initiatives was facilitating the participation of Australian Indigenous peoples to determine the content of such initiatives. The other main issues the health professionals identified were lifting the standard of Australian Indigenous housing and implementing strategies to improve the continuity of healthcare. Conclusion Educational initiatives need to be prioritised to improve the health of Australian Indigenous people in the Pilbara and the initiatives should be delivered with the involvement of the local community in order to increase the likelihood of sustained behavioural change. Innovative solutions are required to improve the continuity of healthcare in the Pilbara, including increased use of mobile services. What is known about this topic? About two out of every three Indigenous adults in the Pilbara experience a chronic health condition. Moreover, compared with non-Indigenous peoples in the region, Indigenous peoples experience a significantly higher mortality rate for numerous chronic health conditions. Although some information is available about the provision of health services for Indigenous people in the Pilbara, little is known about its adequacy or how it could be most effectively delivered. What does this paper add? This study details health professionals’ views about the types of health conditions that need to be prioritised in addressing the health needs of Indigenous people in the Pilbara. It also details health professionals’ perceptions of gaps in health service delivery for Indigenous people in the Pilbara and examines how these services could be most effectively delivered. What are the implications for practitioners? Educational initiatives need to be prioritised to improve the health of Australian Indigenous people in the Pilbara and the initiatives should be delivered with the involvement of the local community in order to increase the likelihood of sustained behavioural change. Innovative solutions are required to improve the continuity of healthcare in the Pilbara, including increased use of mobile services.
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RABOSKY, DANIEL L., PAUL DOUGHTY, and HUATENG HUANG. "Lizards in pinstripes: morphological and genomic evidence for two new species of scincid lizards within Ctenotus piankai Storr and C. duricola Storr (Reptilia: Scincidae) in the Australian arid zone." Zootaxa 4303, no. 1 (August 8, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4303.1.1.
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The scincid lizard genus Ctenotus is one of the most species-rich genera of squamate reptiles, but few molecular phylogenetic studies have been undertaken on the group. Here we assess molecular and morphological variation within C. piankai and C. duricola, an arid-adapted pair of nominate species characterized by a pattern of thin pale longitudinal lines on a dark background that occur primarily in the western deserts and Pilbara region of Australia. We sequenced mitochondrial DNA and genome-wide restriction-site associated DNA (RAD) from geographically widespread samples of these lizard taxa, with particularly dense sampling from the Pilbara region. Phylogenetic analyses of the mitochondrial cytochrome B gene and approximately 5,000 nuclear loci identified four highly divergent lineages within the two taxa. The four genetically-defined populations were concordant with geography and are distinguishable based on multiple morphological and color pattern characters, despite appearing superficially similar in appearance. Despite limited mtDNA exchange between two lineages in the Pilbara, we found no evidence for ongoing gene flow across the nuclear genome. For the western desert lineages, there was no evidence of introgression for either mtDNA or nDNA in our data. To resolve the taxonomy of the group, we redescribe C. piankai and C. duricola, and recognize the two divergent lineages as new species: C. rhabdotus sp. nov., from the south-eastern Kimberley, Ord, Victoria River and northern Tanami Desert regions of Western Australia and the Northern Territory, and C. pallasotus sp. nov., from the western Pilbara and North West Cape regions of Western Australia.
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Armstrong, KN, and SD Anstee. "The ghost bat in the Pilbara: 100 years on." Australian Mammalogy 22, no. 2 (2000): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am00093.
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This paper summarises the roost habitat and distribution of the ghost bat, Macroderma gigas (Dobson, 1880), in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, with particular emphasis on natural habitats. The preferred habitat of M. gigas in the Hamersley Ranges appears to be caves beneath bluffs of low rounded hills composed of Marra Mamba geology. Habitats were also found in the larger hills of Brockman Iron Formation in the Hamersley Range, and other formations beneath bluffs composed of Gorge Creek Group geology to the north east. Granite rockpiles are also used in the eastern Pilbara. A summary of Pilbara records from numerous sources is presented, including anecdotal accounts and other new records. This includes a newly discovered maternity site from the Hamersley Ranges, only the third reported from natural cave formations in the region. Threats to M. gigas in the region are highlighted and include disturbances associated with mining and entanglement in barbed wire fences.
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HARMS, DANILO, and VOLKER W. FRAMENAU. "New species of Mouse Spiders (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Actinopodidae: Missulena) from the Pilbara region, Western Australia." Zootaxa 3637, no. 5 (April 15, 2013): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3637.5.2.
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Two new species of Mouse Spiders, genus Missulena, from the Pilbara region in Western Australia are described based on morphological features of males. Missulena faulderi sp. nov. and Missulena langlandsi sp. nov. are currently known from a small area in the southern Pilbara only. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence divergence failed in clearly delimiting species in Missulena, but provided a useful, independent line of evidence for taxonomic work in addition to morphology.
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Physick, W., P. Mountford, and K. Rayner. "Boundary-layer observations in the Pilbara coastal region." Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Journal 63, no. 3 (September 2013): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22499/2.6303.006.
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Cleary, Paul. "Native title contestation in Western Australia's Pilbara region." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 3, no. 3 (December 1, 2014): 132–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v3i3.182.
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The rights afforded to Indigenous Australians under the Native Title Act 1993 (NTA) are very limited and allow for undue coercion by corporate interests, contrary to the claims of many prominent authors in this field. Unlike the Commonwealth’s first land rights law, Aboriginal Lands Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976 (ALRA) , the NTA does not offer a right of veto to Aboriginal parties; instead, they have a right to negotiate with developers, which has in practice meant very little leverage in negotiations for native title parties. And unlike ALRA, developers can deal with any Indigenous corporation, rather than land councils. These two factors have encouraged opportunistic conduct by some developers and led to vexatious litigation designed to break the resistance of native title parties, as demonstrated by the experience of Aboriginal corporations in the iron ore-rich Pilbara region of Western Australia.
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Walker, Bruce F., Norman J. Stomski, Anne Price, and Elizabeth Jackson-Barrett. "Perspectives of Indigenous people in the Pilbara about the delivery of healthcare services." Australian Health Review 38, no. 1 (2014): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah13074.
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Aim To identify Indigenous people’s views about gaps and practical solutions for the delivery of healthcare services in the Pilbara. Methods A structured guide was used to interview three Indigenous language groups from the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The responses were analysed with the use of content analysis. In the first stage, codes were developed by assigning names to small sections of the interview transcripts. Next, the most salient incisive codes were identified and developed into themes that captured the most important issues. Results Many respondents said that there were insufficient health professionals near country, which was compounded by a lack of adequate transport to reach healthcare services. Moreover, respondents commonly indicated that they would be unable to secure adequate accommodation for themselves and any carer when needing to leave country to undergo medical care. The importance of secondary healthcare interventions was highlighted, particularly health promotion initiatives that improved diet and exercise levels and reduced substance abuse. Assuming responsibility for one’s own health was seen as integral to improving the overall health of communities. The respondents saw role models as the most important influence in leading people to take responsibility for improving their own health. Conclusion This study provides Indigenous perspectives about gaps and solutions in healthcare service delivery in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Although initiatives have commenced to address the shortfall in health professionals and inadequate transport to healthcare, there are still gaps in service provision. Mobile health services were strongly supported as an integral measure to address these gaps. What is known about this topic? About two out of every three Indigenous adults in the Pilbara experience a chronic health condition. Moreover, compared with non-Indigenous people in the region, Indigenous people experience a significantly higher mortality rate for numerous chronic health conditions. Although some information is available about the provision of health services for Indigenous people in the Pilbara, little is known about Indigenous people’s perspectives about its adequacy or how it should be delivered. What does this paper add? This study details three local language groups’ views about the gaps and solutions to delivery of healthcare for Indigenous people in the Pilbara. It highlights the need for secondary healthcare interventions given difficulties around providing adequate primary care in remote settings. What are the implications for practitioners? Health promotion initiatives need to be prioritised to improve the health of Australian Indigenous people in the Pilbara and the initiatives should be delivered with the involvement of the local communities. Innovative solutions are required to improve the continuity of healthcare in the Pilbara, including increased use of mobile services.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pilbara Region"
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McIntyre, Rebecca Elise Sinclair. "Soil biogeochemistry and flooding in intermittent streams of the semi-arid Pilbara region." University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0115.
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[Truncated abstract] Most of Australia, and large areas of many other continents, is drained by intermittent rivers and streams, however comparatively few biogeochemical studies have been completed for these systems. Intermittent, dryland streams are highly dynamic environments subject to unpredictable and sporadic flow. Natural disturbance from lengthy drought periods and sudden floods are typical for these systems. Without adequate baselines for natural disturbances, it is difficult to quantify other effects from anthropogenic disturbance such as dewatering, land clearing, and urbanisation, or climate change. This thesis presents work from a four-year study examining the biogeochemistry of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and carbon (C) in soils and sediments of two intermittent streams (Barnett Creek and Pirraburdoo Creek) in the Pilbara region of north-west Australia. The Pilbara is an area of ancient geology and highly weathered environments that is undergoing rapid development yet is poorly understood from an ecological perspective. The principal objectives of this thesis were to determine: i) how flooding affects the spatiotemporal patterns of nutrients in intermittent stream landscapes; ii) the role of flooding in N and C mineralisation and microbial dynamics; and iii) the connections between benthic algae, microbes and nutrient availability in channel sediments. To address these objectives, three field studies and two incubation experiments were conducted. Field studies at Barnett Creek indicated that flooding reduced the spatial heterogeneity of available soil nutrients and microbes in the stream landscape, and that topography (relative elevation) in the stream landscape was of less importance in influencing nutrient and microbial patterns than flooding or landscape position. ... Field studies at Pirraburdoo Creek indicated that microbial biomass and activity increased in benthic algal mats during mat senescent stages, and decreased after flooding when mat biomass peaked. Benthic algae grew rapidly in gravel run environments after flooding, while declining in pools, and demonstrated moderate N limitation and strong P limitation. Pools had two to eight times greater NO3-N, three to five times more total N, and two to three times more labile P, OC and total C than either pools after flooding, or runs before or after flooding. Hence, the pools at Pirraburdoo Creek represented a local, interflood store of nutrients in otherwise nutrient-poor landscape, when connectivity to upstream reaches or upland environments was weak or non-existent. This thesis provides the first detailed analysis of soil and sediment biogeochemical responses to flooding for intermittent streams in the Pilbara region and for semi-arid Australia. Further pressing questions raised by this work include: What is the key pulse size and frequency for maintaining Pilbara riparian communities as well as soil microbial function? How do the spatio-temporal nutrient and microbial patterns observed persist over (i) multi-decadal scales, (ii) mega-spatial (larger landscape to regional) scales, (iii) different flood frequency-magnitude regimes, and (iv) different stream sizes? Stream biogeochemistry is a burgeoning field, and it is therefore reasonable to expect such existing gaps in knowledge may be addressed in the near future.
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Ahooghalandari, Matin. "Water resource options for sustainable development in the Pilbara region of Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1747.
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Water resources management in the Pilbara region of Western Australia is vital to industry, economy and the environment. This dissertation has aimed to develop a comprehensive hydrological and hydrogeological assessment of water resources in the Yandi mine area located in the Weeli Wolli Creek catchment in the Pilbara. Water resources in this area have become increasingly vulnerable due to growing demand. Climate conditions, geology and hydrogeology, streamflow and the groundwater system of the study area were assessed. Lumped, data-driven and numerical models were employed to develop an understanding of the available surface water and groundwater resources.
Three equations were derived showing the rainfall-runoff relationship within Weeli Wolli Creek catchment and subsequent modelling was undertaken for more hydrology system evaluation. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and IHACRES models were used to simulate the Marillana Creek streamflow discharge, upstream of Yandi. The results suggested that ANN models perform better for a complex catchment hydrological system, compared to IHACRES model.
A VISUAL MODFLOW model was used to investigate the groundwater system and its trend in the Yandi area. The model helped to understand the groundwater responses to future development with various pumping strategies and climate conditions. The scenario analysis assisted identification of zones vulnerable to a significant decline in groundwater level in response to dewatering. The analysis indicated that the maximum water level drawdown of 25m occurred in the aquifer from maximum annual pumping of 23GL. With respect to groundwater yield in particular, abstraction has a more direct impact on the groundwater system compared to climate change.
The recharge into the groundwater was estimated from the fluctuations of groundwater level, groundwater modelling and water balance method. The estimated recharge from these methods was comparable and consistent within 3 to 5% of rainfall. This suggests that direct rainfall infiltration is less, compared to localised infiltration. Two new equations, applicable to Australian conditions, were developed to estimate potential evapotranspiration (ET0). These equations form a part of the water balance equation for groundwater recharge estimation. An artificial intelligent model, based on the Honey-Bee Mating Optimization algorithm (HBMO), was introduced to calibrate the new ET0 equations. The newly developed equations had better performances than available popular equations.
The results of this study showed that the water resources in Yandi are considerably affected by progressing activities and their associated water requirements. A combination of multiple water assessments and modellings suggested that it is feasible to predict future access to surface water as a function of its influencing factors such as climate condition and mining activities. Scenario analysis in groundwater assessment suggested possible alternative future dewatering strategies in the Yandi mine area. The possible groundwater level recovery time is estimated to be one hundred years, which indicates this resource may not be a reliable option in future. Hydrological water balance analysis also indicated that the available surface water volume would decrease to half upon cease of discharge due to closure of mines in the study area, which is controversial condition for future water management.
This research can lead to the implementation of a sustainable water resources plan, and development of appropriate strategies.
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Brocks, Jochen J. "Molecular fossils in Archean rocks." Phd thesis, School of Geosciences, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14300.
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Skalski, Casey. "Characteristics of stockpiled topsoil at iron ore mines in the Pilbara Region of Western Australia." Thesis, Skalski, Casey (2008) Characteristics of stockpiled topsoil at iron ore mines in the Pilbara Region of Western Australia. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41519/.
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Topsoil is a critical component of the rehabilitation process as a source of seeds and other propagules, beneficial micro-organisms and nutrients which assist in the success of the rehabilitation project. To enhance rehabilitation success and maximum species return to a site, using fresh topsoil is preferable. However, this is not always feasible due to many reasons such as long distances between donor and recipient sites or a disturbed area not being ready for rehabilitation at the time of topsoil collection (as in open cut mines). Therefore, in iron ore mining in the Pilbara soil must be stockpiled, sometimes for extended periods of time. The process of stockpiling has been reported previously to generally cause a decline in the quality of the topsoil which has the potential to adversely affect the success of rehabilitation projects. However, there is little information on the impact of topsoil storage on the soil's physical, chemical, biological and seed bank properties in arid regions, specifically that of the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Based on this lack of knowledge, the objectives of this study were to:
1. Investigate the quality of topsoil from iron ore mines in the Pilbara in existing storage stockpiles with particular focus on the depth of material within the stockpile.
2. Investigate the effect of topsoil recovery and handling on its chemical, physical, biological and seed bank properties for revegetation.
The above mentioned objectives were achieved through four experiments:
Experiment one investigated the physical, chemical and biological properties of topsoil via laboratory analysis of stocked topsoil of different ages and of soil located at different depths within the stockpile.
Experiment two investigated the differences in soil seed bank of stockpiled topsoil of different ages and different depths within the stockpile through a germination study in a constant temperature room.
Experiment three investigated the impact of topsoil and subsoil mixtures on the germination and early growth of two test species, Acacia ancistrocarpa and Senna glutinosa in a glasshouse pot trial.
Experiment four investigated the physical, chemical and seed bank impacts of the current Rio Tinto topsoil recovery and stockpiling procedure on topsoil using laboratory analysis and a seed bank study of samples collected during the recovery and windrowing stages of the recovery process.
The major findings of this study were:
Stockpiling does produce measurable changes in soil physical, chemical and biological properties, but the impact appears to not be as detrimental to plant growth as has been postulated previously.
Depth of topsoil within the stockpile had minimal effects on the soil's physical (particle size) and chemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, Colwell extractable P, KCl-40 extractable S, exchangeable cations and extractable micronutrients).
Low levels of P, Sand Zn in stockpiled topsoil, and in subsoil from reference sites suggest that these nutrients may restrict plant growth in revegetation.
In both undisturbed topsoil and stockpiled topsoil there was a low mean seedling emergence in comparison to carrot seeds grown in the same medium. The very low levels of germinable seed suggests a limited soil seedbank is present in topsoil. However, it is possible that germination cues need to be applied to achieve seed germination.
Dilution of topsoil with different proportions of subsoil (up to 95 %) produced no specific effects on shoot biomass of Senna glutinosa, while > 20 % subsoil only weakly decreased shoot growth of Acacia ancistrocarpa. However, neither legume formed effective nodules during the experiment and this may have limited the plant responses to soil mixes.
- Windrowing of topsoil did not significnatly affect topsoil physical, chemical and seed bank properties.
Based upon the above mentioned findings, the following courses of action are recommended to enhance the success of topsoil re-use in environmental rehabilitation:
- Ensure that procedure is followed. It was noted that at one of the mine sites from which soil was sampled, two of the topsoil stockpiles were higher than the recommended height (as mentioned in both DMP and Rio Tinto guidelines) and not sign posted indicating that some aspects of the Rio Tinto topsoil handling procedure had not been followed. Therefore, closer monitoring of stockpiling activities should be in place to ensure that the stockpiles do not exceed the height limit and are signposted to assist with record keeping.
- Encourage seed growth on stockpiles. Plant growth on the stockpiles will assist to replenish soil seed bank, encourage soil microbial activity and assist in the cycling of nutrients in the soil. All these factors are important to ensure the topsoil remains viable during its storage period. The more viable the topsoil is when it is re-used in rehabilitation, the more likely plant growth on the rehabilitated site will be successful.
- Further research on topsoil/ subsoil mixing. This study indicated that a mixture of topsoil and subsoil at Marandoo mine did not adversely affect the emergence and early growth of the selected test species. As a result, further research should be conducted to determine if this result can be replicated in other species. If so, and if longer term plant growth is similarly unaffected by subsoil mixtures with topsoil, such mixtures could be used in rehabilitation of areas where topsoil is limited.
- Seedbanks in soils and cues for seedling germination. The low levels of seedling emergence from topsoils, even the reference site at Marandoo and Tom Price mines, suggests that little seed is stored in topsoil of the vegetation complexes subject to mining. This needs to be verified by physical recovery of seed from topsoil across a wider range of sites that are likely to be mined in future. If seed exists in the topsoil, but does not germinate, the main cues for germination need to be determined. If limited seed can be recovered from topsoil, then the use of topsoil in rehabilitation switches from it being a source of seed to being a medium for plant growth. Seed collection and broadcasting technologies would then be much more important considerations for Rio Tinto in its rehabilitation planning.
- Nutrient management. Low levels of P, Sand Zn were extracted by standard soil tests on topsoil in stockpiles and windrows. Even though the topsoil from reference sites was also low in these nutrients, and subsoil even lower, further consideration of these nutrients seems warranted. Leaf and soil sampling of revegetation areas previously completed on the iron ore mines in the Pilbara would be useful to ascertain whether these nutrients are limiting plant growth. From this survey, decisions could be made about the necessity of adding fertiliser in rehabilitation to ensure adequate supply of limiting nutrients. However, it is possible that the native plants are well adapted to acquisition of nutrients from soils with low availability of nutrients.
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Waller, Susan. "Sustainability, sense of place and story: A case study of the Pilbara Region, Western Australia." Thesis, Waller, Susan (2011) Sustainability, sense of place and story: A case study of the Pilbara Region, Western Australia. Other thesis, Murdoch University, 2011. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41703/.
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Progress on sustainable development has been slow. Two key reasons for this limited progress include the lack of sub-national or regional implementation and lack of integration of the social dimension, in particular the interpretive sense of place component in sustainability policy. The latter is identified as one of the biggest challenges underlying sustainability today.
This thesis seeks to understand sense of place, the significance of sense of place to sustainability and how sense of place can be elicited and communicated through story, for the purposes of being integrated into regional sustainability strategies.
In addressing these aims, an examination of key sustainability, sense of place and cultural planning literature and a case study of the sense of place story approach undertaken in the recent development of the Pilbara regional sustainability strategy were undertaken.
Regional implementation of sustainability is paramount given this is the scale at which government services are administered, utilities are managed, industries operate, natural resource management occurs and community identity is based. Key reasons for the lack of integration of the interpretive component include the lack of understanding of sense of place and the significance of sense of place to sustainability, as well as the lack of knowledge of the means to integrate it. One recommended tool however is story.
There are many similar as well as divergent definitions of sense of place, however it refers most commonly to an individual’s experience of and felt response to place. Sense of place comprises numerous components including place attachment, place identity, place dependence, place commitment and sense of belonging.1 The question of ‘whose sense of place?’ is imperative in any relevant discussion.
Sense of place can contribute to personal and community wellbeing, in particular community empowerment and social capital; to the protection and restoration of biodiversity; as well as the economic security of a region. There are a number of potential adverse outcomes of sense of place, including parochialism and people’s aversion to change, which can act as barriers to sustainability.
A story is simply an account of an experience or experiences, and an approach in using story as means to elicit and communicate people’s senses of place includes six key stages: planning and preparation; quantitative research; story collection and documentation; story analysis and interpretation; story re-presentation and communication; and story exhibition, housing and renewal.
The case study highlights the importance of garnering regional community support; securing funding and resources; developing a clear project brief; maximising community involvement; utilising the story process to foster people’s senses of place; eliciting and communicating varying senses of place; as well as the correct undertaking of thematic analysis in any sense of place story process.
The key findings of this thesis contribute to our understanding of sense of place and its significance to sustainability, as well as confirming the appropriateness and informing future practice of eliciting and communicating people’s senses of place through story for the purposes of being integrated into regional sustainability strategies.
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Kljajevic, Bobana. "An investigation into the underrepresentation of women in the Pilbara mining region of Western Australia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/862.
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This study found that while women are not deterred from working in non-traditional roles, mining companies have not succeeded in disrupting a patriarchal organisational culture that continues to permit discriminatory attitudes. This has resulted in middle management privileging a certain type of worker (male), with women having difficulty attaining promotional opportunities and working within more senior roles. It is argued that such attitudes are the product of the wider gender order operating within gendered institutions.
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Drieberg, Susan L. "The magmatic-hydrothermal architecture of the Archean Volcanic Massive Sulfide (VMS) System at Panorama, Pilbara, Western Australia." University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0064.
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[Truncated abstract. Formulae and special characters can only be approximated here. Please see the pdf version of this abstract for an accurate representation.] The 3.24 Ga Panorama VMS District, located in the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia, is exposed as a cross-section through subvolcanic granite intrusions and a coeval submarine volcanic sequence that hosts Zn-Cu mineralization. The near-complete exposure across the district, the very low metamorphic grade, and the remarkable preservation of primary igneous and volcanic textures provides an unparalleled opportunity to examine the P-T-X-source evolution of a VMS ore-forming system and to assess the role of the subvolcanic intrusions as heat sources and/or metal contributors to the overlying VMS hydrothermal system. Detailed mapping of the Panorama VMS District has revealed seven major vein types related to the VMS hydrothermal system or to the subvolcanic intrusions. (1) Quartz-chalcopyrite veins, hosted in granophyric granite immediately beneath the granite-volcanic contact, formed prior to main stage VMS hydrothermal convection, and were precipitated from mixed H2OCO 2-NaCl-KCl fluids with variable salinities (2.5 to 8.5 wt% NaCl equiv). (2) Quartz-sericite veins, ubiquitous across the top 50m of the volcanic sequence, were formed from an Archean seawater with a salinity of 9.7 to 11.2 wt% NaCl equiv at temperatures of 90° to 135°C. These veins formed synchronous with the regional feldspar-sericite-quartz-ankerite alteration during seawater recharge into the main stage VMS hydrothermal convection cells. (3) Quartz-pyrite veins hosted in granophyric granite, and (4) quartz-carbonate-pyrite veins hosted in andesitebasalt, also formed from relatively unevolved Archean seawater (5.5 to 10.1 wt% NaCl equiv; 150° to 225°C), but during the collapse of the VMS hydrothermal system when cool, unmodified seawater invaded the top of the subvolcanic intrusions. (5) Quartz-topaz-muscovite greisen, (6) quartz-chlorite-chalcopyrite vein greisen, and (7) hydrothermal Cu-Zn-Sn veins are hosted in the subvolcanic intrusions. Primary H2O-NaCl-CaCl2 fluid inclusions in the vein greisens were complex high temperature hypersaline inclusions (up to 590°C and up to 56 wt% NaCl equiv). The H2O-CO2-NaCl fluid inclusions in the Cu-Zn-Sn veins have variable salinities, ranging from 4.9 to 14.1 wt% NaCl equiv, and homogenization temperatures ranging from 160° to 325°C. The hydrothermal quartz veins and magmatic metasomatic phases in the subvolcanic intrusions were formed from a magmatic-hydrothermal fluid that had evolved through wallrock reactions, cooling, and finally mixing with seawater-derived VMS hydrothermal fluids.
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Robinson, Todd Peter. "Application of advanced techniques for the remote detection, modelling and spatial analysis of mesquite (prosopis spp.) invasion in Western Australia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/620.
Full textAbstract:
Invasive plants pose serious threats to economic, social and environmental interests throughout the world. Developing strategies for their management requires a range of information that is often impractical to collect from ground based surveys. In other cases, such as retrospective analyses of historical invasion rates and patterns, data is rarely, if ever, available from such surveys. Instead, historical archives of remotely sensed imagery provides one of the only existing records, and are used in this research to determine invasion rates and reconstruct invasion patterns of a ca 70 year old exotic mesquite population (Leguminoseae: Prosopis spp.) in the Pilbara Region of Western Australia, thereby helping to identify ways to reduce spread and infill. A model was then developed using this, and other, information to predict which parts of the Pilbara are most a risk. This information can assist in identifying areas requiring the most vigilant intervention and pre-emptive measures. Precise information of the location and areal extent of an invasive species is also crucial for land managers and policy makers for crafting management strategies aimed at control, confinement or eradication of some or all of the population. Therefore, the third component of this research was to develop and test high spectral and spatial resolution airborne imagery as a potential monitoring tool for tracking changes at various intervals and quantifying the effectiveness of management strategies adopted. To this end, high spatial resolution digital multispectral imagery (4 channels, 1 m spatial resolution) and hyperspectral imagery (126 channels, 3 m spatial resolution) was acquired and compared for its potential for distinguishing mesquite from coexisting species and land covers.These three modules of research are summarised hereafter. To examine the rates and patterns of mesquite invasion through space and time, canopies were extracted from a temporal series of panchromatic aerial photography over an area of 450 ha using unsupervised classification. Non-mesquite trees and shrubs were not discernible from mesquite using this imagery (or technique) and so were masked out using an image acquired prior to invasion. The accuracy of the mesquite extractions were corroborated in the field and found to be high (R2 = 0.98, P<0.001); however, accuracy varied between classes (R2 = 0.55 to 0.95). Additional sampling may be required in some of the wider class intervals, particularly the moderate density class (30 to 90%) as sampling frequency was poor within the range of 60 to 90%. This is a direct result of there being relatively few quadrats available to be randomly selected in this class. That is, quadrats with between 60-90% cover were only evident in 4% of the test area. A more robust approach would, therefore, be to split this class into two (e.g. 30-60% and 60-90%) and select an additional 15 quadrats in the 60-90% range. The resolution of the imagery (1.4 m) precluded mapping shrubs smaller than 3 m2. Rates and patterns were compared to mesquite invasions in its native range.It was determined that: (i) the shift from grass to mesquite domination had been rapid, with rates of increase in canopy cover comparable to invasive populations where it is native; (ii) rate of patch recruitment was high in all land types (stony flats, red-loamy soils and the riparian zone), but patch expansion and coalescence primarily occurred over the riparian zone and redloamy soils; (iii) mesquite had been spread by sheep and macropods and the recent switch to cattle is likely to exacerbate spread as it is a far more effective dispersal vector; and (iv) early successional patterns, such as high patch initiation followed by coalescence of existing stands are similar to where mesquite is native, but patch mortality did not occur. A knowledge based model was used to predict which parts of the Pilbara region are most at risk. Several limitations of models often employed in predicting suitability ranges of invasive plants were identified and include: (i) an inability to incorporate the notion that within a suitability range there is likely to be a scale of favourability; (ii) an inability to assign greater importance to evidence that is likely to have more importance in defining the areas suitable for invasion; and (iii) an inability to control the level of conservatism in the final results. These three shortcomings were mitigated through the use of: (i) fuzzy membership functions to derive a range of favourability from poor to best; (ii) pairwise comparison to derive higher weights for layers perceived to be more important and vice versa; and (iii) the use of ordered weighted averaging to directly control the level of conservatism (or risk) inherent in the models produced.Based on the outcomes of the historical reconstruction of spatial rates and patterns, data sources included land types, land use, and the derivation of a steady state wetness index from spot height data. Model outputs were evaluated using two methods: the area under the curves (AUC) produced from relative operating characteristic (ROC) plots and by the maximum Kappa procedure. Both techniques agreed that the model most representative of the validation data was the one assuming the most risk. To create a Boolean output representing areas suitable/not suitable for invasion, optimal cut-points were derived using the point closest to the top left hand corner of the ROC plot and by the maximum Kappa method. Both methods obtained identical cut-points, but it is argued that the coefficient produced by the maximum Kappa method is more easily interpreted. The highest AUC was found to be 0.87 and, based on the maximum Kappa method, can be described as good to very good agreement with the validation records used. Digital multispectral imagery (DMSI), acquired in the visible and near infrared portions of the spectrum (3 visible bands, 1 near infrared) with a spatial resolution of 1 m and hyperspectral imagery (126 bands, 3 m spatial resolution) was acquired to assess the potential of developing a reliable and repeatable mapping tool to facilitate the monitoring of spread and the effects of control efforts. Woody vegetation was extracted from the images using unsupervised classification and grouped into patches based on contiguity. Various statistics (e.g. maximum, minimum, median, mean, standard deviation, majority and variety) were assigned to these patches to garner more information for species separation.These statistics were explored for their ability to separate mesquite from coexisting species using Tukey’s Honestly Significantly Different (HSD) test and, to reduce redundancy, followed by linear discriminant analysis. Two approaches were taken to select the patch statistics offering the best discrimination. The first approach selected patch statistics that best discriminated all species (named “overall separation”). This was compared to a second approach, which selected the best patch statistics that separated each species from mesquite on a pairwise basis (named “pairwise separation”). The statistics offering the best discrimination were used as input in an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to assign class labels. An incremental cover evaluation, whereby producer’s accuracy was computed from mesquite patches grouped into various size-classes, showed that identification of mesquite patches smaller than 36 m2 was relatively low (43-51%) regardless of the method used for choosing between the patch statistics or image type. Accuracy improved for patches >36 m2 (66-94%) with both approaches and image types. However, both approaches used on the hyperspectral imagery were more reliable at capturing patches >36 m2 than the DMSI using either approach. The lowest omission and commission rates were obtained using pairwise separation on the hyperspectral imagery, which was significantly more accurate than DMSI using an overall separation approach (Z=2.78, P<0.05), but no significant differences were found between pairwise separation used on either media.Consequently, all methods and imagery types, except for DMSI processed using overall separation, are capable of accurately mapping mesquite patches >36 m2. However, hyperspectral imagery processed using pairwise separation appears to be superior, even though not statistically different to hyperspectral imagery processed using overall separation or DMSI processed using pairwise separation at the 95% confidence level. Mapping smaller patches may require the use of very high spatial resolution imagery, such as that achievable from unmanned airborne vehicles, coupled with a hyperspectral instrument. Alternatively, management may continue to rely on visual airborne surveys flown at low altitude and speed, which have proven to be capable at mapping small and isolated mesquite shrubs in the study area used in this research.
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Alaibakhsh, Masoomeh. "Digital change detection and separation of anthropogenic and natural impacts on ecohydrological conditions in the Pilbara region, WA." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2017. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1951.
Full textAbstract:
A deficiency in crucial digital data, such as vegetation cover, in remote regions is a challenging issue for sustainable water management and planning, especially for areas undergoing rapid development, such as mining in the Pilbara, Western Australia. This is particularly relevant to Inflow and Groundwater Dependent Vegetation (IGDVs) (riparian vegetation and groundwater dependent vegetation) which provide important ecological services and, as such, require regional protection. However, such invaluable assets experience changes over time due to either human activities such as land development or natural phenomena such as climate change or fire events.
The main objectives of this research was to 1) advance an approach to delineate inflow dependent ecosystems at a local scale; 2) adopt it to map the assets at regional scale using remotely sensed data (Landsat 5 TM imagery due to its appropriate temporal and spatial resolution for historical studies, 1986-2011), ground-truth data and available information such as reports, digital layer and climate data; 3) develop a method for identification and quantitative assessment of IGDVs changes and attribution of the changes to particular impacts or stressors, and 4) apply the developed change detection method to investigate and evaluate impacts of an adopted water resource management options on inflow dependent assets in the Pilbara.
Outcomes of the research exposed that the proposed delineation method allowed production of accurate inflow dependent ecosystems maps for the Pilbara bioregion. The change detection method was also effective in detecting various spatial and temporal scales of changes and separating anthropogenic and natural impacts. It was further discovered that climate has had significant impacts on the assets of the area.
The finding and information produced from this research is capable to aid government, industry and communities to consider the environmental, social, cultural and economic aspects of the sustainable use, development and management of land and water resources in arid and semiarid Pilbara, WA and areas with similar ecohydrological conditions. Four papers were prepared from the research, two are published and two are under review.
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Yeap, Simon G. H. "Investigating the impacts of groundwater on soil properties and pasture nutrition in irrigated agriculture, Pilbara region of Western Australia." Thesis, Yeap, Simon G.H. (2014) Investigating the impacts of groundwater on soil properties and pasture nutrition in irrigated agriculture, Pilbara region of Western Australia. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2014. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/32100/.
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Dewatering of groundwater systems has become a common practice for iron ore mining in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. While the discharge of surplus water to local tributaries and re-injection into the aquifer are widely practiced, the re-use of this water for irrigated forages is an innovative solution. However, the chemistry of the groundwater and the impacts on soil properties from long-term application of groundwater need to be assessed.
Surplus water from the Marandoo iron ore mine is utilised to irrigate Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) for hay production at the Hamersley Agricultural Project (HAP). After amendment with nutrients, the irrigation water was slightly alkaline (pH 8.0) and slightly brackish-sodic (total dissolved solids, TDS, of 580 mg/L) with Ca (61 mg/L), Mg (50 mg/L) and Na (43 mg/L) as the dominant cations and bicarbonate (270 mg/L) as the dominant anion. This study aims to identify the implications of irrigation with this water for pasture production and soil management.
Following the commencement of irrigation in October 2012, significant changes and trends in soil properties and leaf nutrient composition of C. gayana were examined over a 15 month period, based on a quarterly sampling program across 10 centre-pivot irrigation systems. Analysis initially showed that the continuation of current trends could result in: (1) increases in soil sodicity, since ESP levels had exceeded 5% at 0-10 cm and 7% at 20-30 cm, and (2) alkalinisation, such that the soil pH is predicted to reach ~8.2. However, subsequent analysis with pre-washed soil samples to remove soluble salts indicated that irrigation had not caused a measureable change in the ESP and hence no change in the sodicity of HAP soils.
Nonetheless, the geochemical model WEB-PHREEQ suggests the precipitation of carbonate, (hydr)oxide and phosphate (apatite) minerals of Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn could also impose a risk for immobilising nutrients applied from irrigation water, given suitable conditions for nucleation and crystal growth. Moreover, changes in the relative abundance of soil exchangeable cations may also adversely affect plant nutritional balance whereby exchangeable Mg2+ as a percentage of cation exchange capacity has significantly increased while the percentages of exchangeable Ca2+ and K+ have significantly decreased.
In the next 20 years, based on the estimated duration of the HAP, soil alkalinisation could emerge as a problem by suppressing the availability of various nutrients. Future monitoring and research, in conjunction with effective irrigation and soil management practice, will hence be imperative to ensure long-term sustainability of pasture production at the HAP, as well as for rehabilitation of soils after decommissioning.
Books on the topic "Pilbara Region"
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Sharp, Janet. Aboriginal languages of the Pilbara region: Warnman. [Port Hedland, W.A.]: Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre, 2002.
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Sharp, Janet. Aboriginal languages of the Pilbara region: Yinhawangka. [Port Hedland, W.A.]: Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre, 2002.
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Sharp, Janet. Aboriginal languages of the Pilbara region: Ngarla. [Port Hedland, W.A.]: Wangka Maya, Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre, 2002.
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Sharp, Janet. Aboriginal languages of the Pilbara region: Warnman. [Port Hedland, W.A.]: Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre, 2002.
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Sharp, Janet. Nyangumarta: A language of the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Canberra, A.C.T: Pacific Linguistics Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, 2004.
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Dench, Alan Charles. Martuthunira: A language of the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Canberra, Australia: Dept. of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, the Australian National University, 1995.
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Barnett, J. C. Hydrogeology of the western Fortescue Valley, Pilbara region, Western Australia. Perth: Western Australia Geological Survey, 1985.
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Karanovic, Tomislav. Subterranean copepods (Crustacea, Copepoda) from the Pilbara region in Western Australia. Welshpool DC , W.A: Western Australian Museum, 2006.
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Elliott, Katrina. Population projections for the Pilbara Region, 1991: A set of population projections produced for LGAs and townsites in the Pilbara Region using the regional multiplier method of projection. Perth, W.A: Dept. of Regional Development and the North West, 1986.
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Ladbrook, Denis A. Disadvantaged youth in an isolated region: Towards a youth policy for the eastern Pilbara. [Pilbara, W.A.]: Hedland College, 1985.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Pilbara Region"
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Short, Andrew D. "Pilbara Region: Carnarvon, Pilbara and Canning Coasts." In Australian Coastal Systems, 131–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14294-0_4.
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Reeves, Jessica M., Patrick De Deckker, and Stuart A. Halse. "Groundwater Ostracods from the arid Pilbara region of northwestern Australia: distribution and water chemistry." In Ostracodology — Linking Bio- and Geosciences, 99–118. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6418-0_9.
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Guibal, D., M. Humphreys, H. Sanguinetti, and P. Shrivastava. "Geostatistical Conditional Simulation of a Large Iron Orebody of the Pilbara Region in Western Australia." In Geostatistics Wollongong’ 96, 695–706. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5726-1_5.
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"Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Pilbara Candoninae." In Candoninae (Ostracoda) from the Pilbara Region in Western Australia, 375–82. BRILL, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004156937.i-434.23.
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"Key To The Species Of Candoninae Of The Pilbara Region." In Candoninae (Ostracoda) from the Pilbara Region in Western Australia, 369–74. BRILL, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004156937.i-434.22.
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"Tribe Humphreyscandonini Karanovic, 2005." In Candoninae (Ostracoda) from the Pilbara Region in Western Australia, 151–368. BRILL, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004156937.i-434.13.
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"Preliminary Material." In Candoninae (Ostracoda) from the Pilbara Region in Western Australia, i—2. BRILL, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004156937.i-434.2.
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"Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Genera Of The Recent Candoninae." In Candoninae (Ostracoda) from the Pilbara Region in Western Australia, 383–87. BRILL, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004156937.i-434.24.
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"Key To The Genera Of Recent Candoninae Of The World." In Candoninae (Ostracoda) from the Pilbara Region in Western Australia, 388–89. BRILL, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004156937.i-434.27.
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"General Discussion." In Candoninae (Ostracoda) from the Pilbara Region in Western Australia, 390–95. BRILL, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004156937.i-434.28.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Pilbara Region"
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Galagoda, Mahi, Mark J. Wahler, Pramod Rao, Michael Sholley, and Fredrick Tajirian. "Targeted Ground Engineering for a Gas Plant in Pilbara Region, Australia." In Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Congress 2016. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479742.083.
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Bonstrom, Kristie, Gillian Allen, Michael O’Kane, and David Christensen. "Evolution of cover system design and waste rock management at a mine in the Pilbara region of Western Australia." In Seventh International Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1208_32_bonstrom.
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Gregory, Stacey, Shannon Mackenzie, T. Sprenkels, and A. Slabber. "Applying monitoring data to measure and improve rehabilitation performance at four mine sites in the Pilbara region of Western Australia." In Mine Closure 2022: 15th Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/2215_63.
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"Development of a regional flood frequency estimation model for Pilbara, Australia." In 21st International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2015). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2015.l6.haque.
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