Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pig

Academic literature on the topic 'Pig'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Pig"

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Harmawanto, Agung Gagah, Yosef Cahyo Setianto Poernomo, and Sigit Winarto. "PERENCANAAN ALTERNATIF GEOMETRIK DAN METODE PELAKSANAAN RUAS JALAN NGRAHO – NGAWI STA.14+500 - STA.19+500." Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi & Teknik Sipil 2, no. 2 (November 6, 2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/jurmateks.v2i2.510.

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Ngraho - Ngawi Sta. 14 + 500 – Sta. 19 + 500 highway is a collector connecting Bojonegoro to Ngawi Due to high traffic density, a road geometric Development is in need. The objective of this final project is to plan a good alternative geometric design-safe, comfortable, and easy to access. The required data were of topographic map and the road geometric design was based on the “Tata Cara Perencanaan Geometrik Jalan Antar Kota” General Works Standart No. 038/TBM/1997. The calculations result in Class 2 – lane collector road with one lane of 3 m wide having 8 turns, twists PI1 Spiral-Spiral, PI2 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI3 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI4 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI5 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI6 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI7 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, and turn PI8 Spiral-Spiral shape PPV PPV 1 concave and 2 convex, concave 3 PPV.Jalan provinsi ruas Ngraho – Ngawi Sta. 14+500 – Sta. 19+500 adalah jalan kolektor yang menghubungkan kota Bojonegoro - Ngawi. Karena lalu lintasnya padat, maka perlu diadakan peningkatan geometrik jalan. Dalam laporan akhir ini penulis membuat perencanaan alternatif desain geometrik jalan yang baik-aman,nyaman, dan mudah diakses oleh pengguna jalan. Data yang digunakan adalah peta topografi dan perencanaan desain geometrik jalan berpedoman oleh “Tata Cara Perencanaan Geometrik Jalan Antar Kota” Standar Bina Marga No.038/TBM/1997. Dari perhitungan diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: kelas jalan kolektor dengan 2 lajur 1 jalur dan memiliki lebar 3 m, 8 tikungan, tikungan PI1Spiral-Spiral, PI2 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI3 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI4 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI5 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI6 Spiral-Circle-Spiral, PI7 Spiral-Circle-Spiral,dan tikunganPI8 Spiral-Spiralbentuk PPV 1 cekung dan PPV 2 cembung, PPV 3 cekung.
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Kawasaki-Tanaka, A., N. Hayashi, S. Yanagihara, and Y. Fukuta. "Diversity and Distribution of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) Races in Japan." Plant Disease 100, no. 4 (April 2016): 816–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-15-0442-re.

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In total, 310 rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) isolates from Japan showed wide variation in virulence. Virulence on rice (Oryza sativa L.) differential varieties (DV) harboring resistance genes Pish, Pia, Pii, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pik-s, and Pi19(t) ranged from 82.9 to 100.0%. In contrast, virulence on DV possessing Pib, Pit, Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi9(t), Piz, Piz-5, Piz-t, Pita-2, Pita, Pi12(t), and Pi20(t) ranged from 0 to 21.6%. Cluster analysis using the reaction patterns of the DV classified isolates into three groups: I, virulent to Pik, Pik-h, Pik-p, Pik-m, Pi1, and Pi7(t); IIa, avirulent to the preceding 6 genes and virulent to Pia, Pii, Pi3, and Pi5(t); and IIb, avirulent to all 10 genes. Group I was limited to northern Japan and group IIb to central Japan, while group IIa was distributed throughout Japan. We estimate that group IIa represents the original population and that groups I and IIb arose from it through minor changes in pathogenicity. We classified these isolates into 123 races by a new designation system and conclude that the rice blast races in Japan are less diverse than previously thought.
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Fukuta, Yoshimichi, Mary Jeanie Telebanco-Yanoria, Nagao Hayashi, Seiji Yanagihara, Catherine Wanjiku Machungo, and Daigo Makihara. "Pathogenicities of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) Isolates From Kenya." Plant Disease 103, no. 12 (December 2019): 3181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-19-0870-re.

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A total of 99 isolates of rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) were collected from 2010 to 2015 from four regions in Kenya: Kirinyaga County and Embu County, Kisumu County, Tana River County, and Mombasa County. The pathogenicities of these isolates were clarified based on the reaction patterns of Lijiangxintuanheigu and differential varieties (DVs) targeting 23 resistance genes. The frequency of virulent isolates was high for DVs for Pib, Pia, Pii, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pik-s, Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi19(t), and Pi20(t); low for DVs for Pish, Pi9(t), Piz-5, and Piz-t; and intermediate for the remaining DVs for Pit, Piz, Pita-2, Pita, and Pi12(t). These blast isolates were classified into three cluster groups: Ia, Ib, and II. The frequencies of virulent isolates to DVs for Pit, Pii, Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Piz, and Pi12(t) differed markedly between clusters I and II, and those of DVs for Pib, Pit, Pia, Pi3, Pita-2, Pita, and Pi20(t) differed between Ia and Ib. The frequencies of cluster groups in the four geographical regions were different. A total of 62 races were found, with 19 blast isolates categorized into one race (U63-i7-k177-z00-ta003), whereas the other races included only some isolates in each.
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Misman, Siti Norsuha, Mohd Shahril Firdaus Ab Razak, Nur Syahirah Ahmad Sobri, and Latiffah Zakaria. "Virulence Pattern of Pyricularia oryzae Pathotypes Towards Blast Monogenic Lines." Tropical Life Sciences Research 32, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2021.32.3.8.

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Rice blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae (P. oryzae) is one of the most serious diseases infecting rice worldwide. In the present study, virulence pattern of six P. oryzae pathotypes (P0.0, P0.2, P1.0, P3.0, P7.0 and P9.0) identified from the blast pathogen collected in Peninsular Malaysia, were evaluated using a set of 22 IRRI-bred blast resistance lines (IRBL) as well as to determine the resistance genes involved. The information on the virulence of the blast pathotypes and the resistance genes involved is important for breeding of new rice variety for durable resistance against blast disease. The IRBL was established from 22 monogenic lines, harbouring 22 resistance genes [Pia, Pib, Pii, Pit, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pish, Pi1, Pik, Pik-s, Pik-m, Pik-h, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi9, Piz, Piz-5, Piz-t, Pi19, Pi20(t), Pita-2, and Pita=Pi4(t)]. Based on the disease severity patterns, the tested pathotypes were avirulence towards seven IRBLs [IRBLi-F5, IRBLk-Ka, IRBLkh-K3, IRBLz-Fu, IRBLsh-S, IRBLPi7 (t) and IRBL9-W] of which these IRBLs harbouring Pii, Pik, Pik-h, Piz, Pish, Pi7(t) and Pi9 resistance genes, respectively. Therefore, the results suggested that the seven IRBLs carrying seven resistance genes [Pii, Pik, Pik-h, Piz, Pish, Pi7(t) and Pi9] would be suitable candidates of resistance genes to be incorporated in new breeding lines to combat the current blast pathotypes in the field.
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Misman, Siti Norsuha, Mohd Shahril Firdaus Ab Razak, Nur Syahirah Ahmad Sobri, and Latiffah Zakaria. "Virulence Pattern of Pyricularia oryzae Pathotypes Towards Blast Monogenic Lines." Tropical Life Sciences Research 32, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2021.32.3.8.

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Rice blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae (P. oryzae) is one of the most serious diseases infecting rice worldwide. In the present study, virulence pattern of six P. oryzae pathotypes (P0.0, P0.2, P1.0, P3.0, P7.0 and P9.0) identified from the blast pathogen collected in Peninsular Malaysia, were evaluated using a set of 22 IRRI-bred blast resistance lines (IRBL) as well as to determine the resistance genes involved. The information on the virulence of the blast pathotypes and the resistance genes involved is important for breeding of new rice variety for durable resistance against blast disease. The IRBL was established from 22 monogenic lines, harbouring 22 resistance genes [Pia, Pib, Pii, Pit, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pish, Pi1, Pik, Pik-s, Pik-m, Pik-h, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi9, Piz, Piz-5, Piz-t, Pi19, Pi20(t), Pita-2, and Pita=Pi4(t)]. Based on the disease severity patterns, the tested pathotypes were avirulence towards seven IRBLs [IRBLi-F5, IRBLk-Ka, IRBLkh-K3, IRBLz-Fu, IRBLsh-S, IRBLPi7 (t) and IRBL9-W] of which these IRBLs harbouring Pii, Pik, Pik-h, Piz, Pish, Pi7(t) and Pi9 resistance genes, respectively. Therefore, the results suggested that the seven IRBLs carrying seven resistance genes [Pii, Pik, Pik-h, Piz, Pish, Pi7(t) and Pi9] would be suitable candidates of resistance genes to be incorporated in new breeding lines to combat the current blast pathotypes in the field.
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Nguyet, Nguyen T. M., Hoang H. Long, Nguyen B. Ngoc, Nguyen T. Nhai, Nguyen T. T. Thuy, Nagao Hayashi, and Yoshimichi Fukuta. "Diversity and Distribution of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) Races in Vietnam." Plant Disease 104, no. 2 (February 2020): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-19-1008-re.

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A total of 239 isolates of blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) collected from northern and central Vietnam showed a wide variation in pathogenicity based on the reaction patterns to 25 differential varieties (DVs) harboring 23 resistance genes and susceptible cultivar Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH). The frequencies of isolates virulent toward DVs for Pish, Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi9(t), Piz-5, Pita-2, and Pita were low, but they were high for DVs for Pib, Pit, Pia, Pii, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pik-s, Piz, Piz-t, Pi12(t), Pi19(t), and Pi20(t). Isolates were classified into three cluster groups Ia, Ib, and II based on reaction patterns to DVs and LTH. The frequencies of isolates virulent toward 11 DVs for Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi9(t), Piz, Piz-5, Pita-2, and Pita in cluster II and DV for Piz-t were higher and lower than those of Ia and Ib, respectively. The frequencies to DVs for Pii, Pi3, Pi5(t), and Piz-t were different between clusters Ia and Ib. Clusters Ia and Ib were distributed with similar frequencies in the northeast, north central, and south central coast regions, but the frequencies among three cluster groups in the Red River Delta and northwest regions were different. This means that the blast races in these two regions were different from the others. Overall, the blast isolates were categorized into 153 races. Among them, 26 were selected as a set of standard differential blast isolates for characterizing 23 resistance genes and developing a differential system in Vietnam.
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Wang, Dongyuan, Feng Zhu, Jichun Wang, Hongguang Ju, Yongfeng Yan, Shanyan Qi, Yuping Ou, and Chengli Tian. "Pathogenicity Analyses of Rice Blast Fungus (Pyricularia oryzae) from Japonica Rice Area of Northeast China." Pathogens 13, no. 3 (February 28, 2024): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13030211.

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In order to understand the pathogenicity differentiation of rice blast fungus (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara), a total of 206 isolates of P. oryzae were collected from three Japonica rice regions in Jilin Province, northeast China. Pathogenicity test showed that the reaction pattern of 25 monogenic differential varieties (MDVs) of rice (Oryza sativa L.) demonstrated a wide pathogenic diversity among the isolates. Those MDVs harbor 23 resistance (R) genes with the susceptible variety Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH) as control. Virulent isolates of MDVs harboring R genes Pish, Pit, Pia, Pii, Pik-s, Pik, Pita (two lines), and Pita-2 (two lines) had high frequencies ranging from 80 to 100%, to MDVs harboring R genes Pib, Pi5(t), Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Piz, Piz-5, and Piz-t showed intermediate frequencies ranging from 40 to 80%, and to MDVs with R genes Pi3, Pi9(t), Pi12(t), Pi19(t) and Pi20(t) presented low frequencies ranging only from 0 to 40%. The U-i-k-z-ta pattern of race-named criteria categorized the 206 isolates into 175 races. Sub-unit U73 for Pib, i7 for Pi3 and Pi5(t), k177 for Pik-m/Pik-h/Pik-p, z17 for Pi9(t), and ta332 for Pi20(t) were crucial on pathogenic differences in regions. Twenty-seven standard differential blast isolates (SDBIs) were selected to characterize resistance in rice accessions. This study could help to build a durable identification system against blast in the Japonica rice area of northeast China and enhance our understanding of the differentiation and diversity of blast races in the world.
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Zoelfan, Fahmi, Malikah Umar, and Desi Maharani Agustini. "ESTIMASI BOBOT BADAN BERDASARKAN DIMENSI TUBUH SAPI MADURA BETINA." Maduranch : Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan 8, no. 2 (August 29, 2023): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.53712/maduranch.v8i2.2036.

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Sapi Madura sebagai salah satu ternak lokal di Indonesia yang memiliki kesempatan baik untuk dikembangkan, mengingat tingkat kontribusinya yang relative tinggi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan daging nasional. Akan tetapi kelemahan dan keterbatasan sapi Madura terdapat pada pertumbuhan yang cukup lambat, hal tersebut dikarenakan manajemen pemberian pakan yang kurang tepat sehingga sapi Madura tumbuh tidak sesuai dengan potensi genetiknya (Umar, 2016). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keeretan hubungan dimensi tubuh terhadap bobot badan sapi Madura betina. Materi penelitian menggunakan sapi Madura betina mulai dari PI0 sebanyak 25 ekor, PI1 sebanyak 9 ekor, PI2 sebanyak 55 ekor, PI3 sebanyak 34 ekor, PI4 sebanyak 58 ekor.. Metode dan Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan menggunakan metode surve. Variabel yang di ukur adalah panjang badan, tinggi badan dan lingkar dada. Hasil penelitin rataan lingkar dada, tinggi badan, panjang badan dan bobot badan sapi Madura betina yaitu dapat diketahui bahwa semakin tua sapi maka rata-rata lingkar dada semakin bertambah. Nilai korelasi bobot badan dengan lingkar dada pada PI0 sebesar 0,91, PI1 sebesar 0,82, PI2 sebesar 0,85, PI3 sebesar 0,86 dan PI4 sebesar 0,85. Dengan demikian lingkar dada dapat dijadikan sebagai alat penduga bobot badan karena memiliki keeratan dimensi.
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Stratil, A., D. Čižová-Schröffelová, E. Gábrišová, M. Pavlik, W. Coppieters, L. Peelman, A. Van de Weghe, and Y. Bouquet. "Pig plasma α-protease inhibitors PI2, PI3 and PI4 are members of the antichymotrypsin family." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 111, no. 1 (May 1995): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(94)00232-j.

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Dost, Mir, and Yuosre F. Badir. "Generation or adoption? The role of social capital." Management Decision 57, no. 7 (July 8, 2019): 1457–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-11-2017-1108.

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Purpose Innovation is critical for the firms to gain competitive advantage and improve performance. Such innovation stems from process innovation generation (PIG) and/or process innovation adoption (PIA). PIG vs PIA motivates firms for cutting development cost, reducing development time, improving product quality, saving energy, preventing or mitigating pollution and recycling waste. Various factors have been identified as the determinants of PIG and PIA. One of them is social capital. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to analyze the effects of social capital on PIG and/or PIA, and second, to analyze whether the moderation of human capital strengthens/weakens this relationship. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 318 Pakistani chemical companies was collected for examining the hypotheses. Using hierarchical multiple regression, it relates to the effects of social capital and PIG and PIA; and moderation of human capital. The paper also discusses the theoretical and managerial implications. Findings The results confirm the hypotheses. The paper finds that social capital ambidextrously impacts on both PIG and PIA. However, this relationship strengthens when there is an interaction of human capital. Practical implications Social capital appears to be a powerful driver for generation and adoption of process innovation. Such innovation is a collaborative effort, with social capital assuming a central role. It follows that management would be well served by encouraging communication, flexible dissemination of information integration and sharing of knowledge. Originality/value The main value of this paper is in its analysis and testing of the relation of social capital and PIG and PIA. The majority of the literature underlines the paper’s seeking after social capital for product innovation. However, this topic has not been studied in depth and requires more attention, as processes are different and have different antecedents and outcomes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pig"

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Glays, Brent. "War Pig." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1880.

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War Pig is a series of short stories and poems that follow the protagonist, Christopher Lambert, as he embarks on training exercises and multiple deployments. It culminates with Lambert coming home and reintegrating into civilian life.
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Fredriksson, Josefin. "Svensk grisproduktion : Går det att balansera djurvälfärd och ekonomi inom grisproduktion?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-90712.

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The aim of this study was to find out about the Swedish pig farmers strategies to keep up with the competition against the import of pork from Denmark and at the same time be able to satisfy the pigs need of acting out their natural behavior. This study is based on in-depth interviews with the company "MinFarm" and eight Swedish pork producers. The result of the study was several different strategies for the Swedish pork producers to maintain in the competition against the imported meat and farmers opinions about animal welfare. One of the pork producers pointed out that it is not possible to create a completely natural environment because the pigs live in stables. The concept about animal welfare is not easy to define but pigs that are healthy, gets its social needs satisfied and doesn't suffer from any diseases has a better life and higher welfare than animals who does not live under those conditions. For the farmers to make it worth the extra cost of the higher welfare, customers must be willing to prioritize the animal’s welfare and be willing to pay the extra money that will provide for the production. At present, it is not possible to have an effective meat production and high economic viability while ensuring animal welfare. To secure the Swedish meat production financial compensation will be needed for higher welfare. The market for locally produced products might be limited as it doesn't involve all kind of customers.
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Kalavri, Vasiliki. "Integrating Pig and Stratosphere." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-98786.

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MapReduce is a wide-spread programming model for processing big amounts of data in parallel. PACT is a generalization of MapReduce, based on the concept of Parallelization Contracts (PACTs). Writing efficient applications in MapReduce or PACT requires strong programming skills and in-depth understanding of the systems’ architectures. Several high-level languages have been developed, in order to make the power of these systems accessible to non-experts, save development time and make application code easier to understand and maintain. One of the most popular high-level dataflow systems is Apache Pig. Pig overcomes Hadoop’s oneinput and two-stage dataflow limitations, allowing the developer to write SQL-like scripts. However, Hadoop’s limitations are still present in the backend system and add a notable overhead to the execution time. Pig is currently implemented on top of Hadoop, however it has been designed to be modular and independent of the execution engine. In this thesis project, we propose the integration of Pig with another framework for parallel data processing, Stratosphere. We show that Stratosphere has desirable properties that significantly improve Pig’s performance. We present an algorithm that translates Pig Latin scripts into PACT programs that can be executed on the Nephele execution engine. We also present a prototype system that we have developed and we provide measurements on a set of basic Pig scripts and their native MapReduce and PACT implementations. We show that the Pig-Stratosphere integration is very promising and can lead to Pig scripts executing even more efficiently than native MapReduce applications.
Att skapa effektiva applikationer i MapReduce eller PACT kråver goda programmeringskunskaper och djup förståelse utav systemens arkitektur. Flera högnivå-språk har utvecklats för att göra de kraftfulla systemen tillgängliga för icke-experter, för att spara utvecklingstid och för att göra applikationernas kod lättare att förstå. Ett utav de mest populära systemen för högnivå-dataflöden är Apache Pig. Pig överkommer Hadoops ett-input och tvånivå-begränsningar och låter utvecklaren skriva SQL-liknande skript. Dock är Hadoops begränsningar fortfarande närvarande i backend-systemet och lägger till ett synligt tillägg till exekutionstiden. Pig är för nuvarande implenterat ovanpåHadoop, dock har det designats för att vara modulärt och oberoende utav exekutionsmotorn. I det här exjobbs-projektet presenterar vi integration utav Pig med ett annat framework för parallel dataprocessering, Stratosphere. Vi visar att Stratosphere har önskade egenskaper som signifikant förbättrar Pigs prestanda. Vi presenterar en algoritm som översätter Pig Latin-skript till PACT-program som can köras påNepheleexekutionsmotorn. Vi presenterar ocksåett prototypsystem som vi har utvecklat och vi bidrar med mätningar utav ett set av grundläggande Pigskript och deras MapReduce och Pact-implementationer. Vi visar att Pig-Stratosphere-integrationen är väldigt lovande och kan leda till att Pigskript exekuteras mer effektivt än MapReduce applikationer.
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Wennberg, Lars. "Islet xenograft rejection : studies in the pig-to-rodents and pig-to-primate models /." Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1998/91-628-2835-5.

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Mulholland, Gary. "Pig Duodenum Derivative : biological properties." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335588.

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Jagger, S. "Ileal digestability of pig diets." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383685.

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McGuire, Matthew C. "Pig Iron: Stories of Appalachia." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1429180352.

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Waterworth, P. D. "Pig-to-primate : cardiac xenotransplantation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23249.

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Pigs transgenic for hDAF were created by microinjection of human DNA into fertilized pig oocytes. Ten control hearts, eight heterozygous hDAF transgenic hearts and one homozygous hDAF transgenic heart, were transplanted heterotopically into the abdomen of non-immunosuppressed cynomolgus monkeys. Fifteen heterozygous transgenic and five control hearts were then transplanted heterotopically into the abdomen of immunosuppressed cynomolgus monkeys. Of the transgenic hearts ten were immunosuppressed with a high cyclophosphamide (CyP) regimen (group I) and five were immunosuppressed with a low CyP regimen (group 2). All control hearts were immunosuppressed with the high CyP regimen. The hDAF transgenic hearts in the high CyP group had a median beating time of 40 days (range 6-62 days) compared with 9 days (range 8-34 days) for those in the low CyP group. This difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). The control grafts had a median beating time of 55 minutes (range 2-180 minutes). The difference between the control grafts and the high CyP transgenics was statistically highly significant (p <0.001). The difference between the control grafts and the low CyP transgenics was also statistically significant (p <0.05). All control hearts were hyperacutely rejected. Only two hearts in the high CyP group were lost due to AVR, on days 6 and 62: all other hearts showed no evidence of rejection. All hDAF transgenic hearts in the low CyP group underwent AVR. These results confirm that HAR can be abrogated with the hDAF transgene in this pig-to-primate model and that prolonged survival can be achieved. Perioperative CyP would appear to be an essential component of this regimen, without which, graft loss due to antibody-mediated AVR is encountered. Finally, hDAF transgenic pig hearts were transplanted both heterotopically, and orthotopically into immunosuppressed baboons. No graft underwent HAR and survival of heterotopic pig-to-baboon heart xenografts for up to 21 days was achieved.
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Dwyer, Catherine M. "The effect of nutrition on muscle fibre number determination in the pig and guinea pig." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522195.

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Alarcón, Pablo López. "Optimizing post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome control taking into account economics aspects and management of information in decision making by farmers." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.572446.

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Books on the topic "Pig"

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Ping Pong Pig. New York: Holiday House, 2008.

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Ping Pong Pig. London: Simon & Schuster Children's, 2008.

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Bader, Bonnie. Pig-piggy-pigs. New York: Penguin Young Readers, an imprint of Penguin Random House, 2015.

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Xie, Li Wen. Pig! Pig! Hong Kong: Yellowbus, 2002.

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McPhail, David. Pig Pig rides. London: Heinemann, 1987.

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Pig Pig rides. London: Macmillan Children's, 1986.

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David, McPhail. Pig Pig returns. Watertown, MA: Charlesbridge, 2011.

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David, McPhail. Pig Pig returns. Watertown, MA: Charlesbridge, 2011.

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McPhail, David. Pig Pig grows up. Basingstoke: Macmillan Children's, 1986.

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Little pig, Biddle pig. New York: Scholastic Press/Callaway, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pig"

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Simm, Geoff, Geoff Pollott, Raphael Mrode, Ross Houston, and Karen Marshall. "Pig breeding." In Genetic improvement of farmed animals, 393–413. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241723.0393.

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Abstract This chapter presents a brief background on the global pig sector and pig-meat value chains. Topics focused on the breeding objectives, pig breeds and lines, genetic improvement strategies for pigs (for both large-scale and smallholder systems) and use of pig reproductive technologies. The final section of this chapter gives some practical guidelines for selection.
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Srinivasa, K. G., Siddesh G. M., and Srinidhi H. "Pig." In Computer Communications and Networks, 85–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77800-6_5.

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Flink, Linus Girdland. "Pig: Domestication." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 8605–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30018-0_2213.

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Hannon, Bruce, and Matthias Ruth. "Pig Cycle." In Dynamic Modeling, 338–47. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0211-7_34.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Pig Wrack." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 536. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_8728.

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Flink, Linus Girdland. "Pig: Domestication." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 5938–41. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_2213.

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Maloney, John. "Pig Philosophy?" In The Political Economy of Robert Lowe, 134–41. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230504042_12.

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Inoue, Norimitsu, and Taroh Kinoshita. "GPI-GlcNAc Transferase: Complex of PIG-A, PIG-C, PIG-H, hGPI1, and PIG-P." In Handbook of Glycosyltransferases and Related Genes, 533–39. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67877-9_77.

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Willett, Julie. "Feminism’s Racial Fault Lines." In The Male Chauvinist Pig, 36–54. University of North Carolina Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469661070.003.0003.

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This chapter explores the how the chauvinist and his brand of humor cannot be separated from the history of the pig and the implications of whiteness. There were commie pigs and capitalist pigs, but above all else by the 1960s and 70s the pigs were the police and a symbol of white oppression. Therefore, male chauvinist pigs were associated with white privilege. This is not to say that Blacks and Latinos were never called male chauvinist pigs, but it was rare enough to brand the male chauvinist pig as white. In popular discourse the male chauvinist’s assumed racial status had multiple implications. Because male chauvinist pigs were cast as white so too was women’s liberation, something that effectively limited the perceived inclusivity of the movement. At the same time, whiteness made the male chauvinist pig appear as less of a threat. Coming of age with the macho man, the male chauvinist pig was given a pass that further marginalized certain social groups. In popular discourse, the male chauvinist pig was a nuisance, but the macho man could give you a black eye.
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Weka, Rebecca, Dauda Bwala, Yinka Adedeji, Isioma Ifende, Anvou Davou, Ndudim Ogo, and Pam Luka. "Tracing the Domestic Pigs in Africa." In Tracing the Domestic Pig [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95077.

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Pigs are vital to the economy and critical in meeting the ever increasing demand for livestock and livestock products in most parts of the world. Pig is one of the oldest domesticated animals, though their ancestory is still shrouded in controversy due to lack of sufficient archaeological and genetic information. However, most of the breeds are thought to have descended from the Eurasian Wild Boar (Sus scrofa). This chapter will therefore look at the African pig under the following headings: Introduction, origin of pigs – genetic and historical/archaeological evidences, pig breeds in Africa, economic importance of pig production in Africa, marketing of pigs in Africa, herd health management of pigs in Africa, and challenges affecting pig production in Africa.
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Conference papers on the topic "Pig"

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Fung, G., W. P. Backhaus, S. McDaniel, and M. Erdogmus. "To Pig or Not to Pig: The Marlin Experience With Stuck Pig." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/18387-ms.

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McDonnell, Shamus, Arti Bhatia, and Randy Nickle. "Pipeline Pig Tracking Through the Internet: A New Use for Existing Technology in the Pipeline Pigging Industry." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0398.

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Pipeline pigs are routinely launched and ran through pipelines to separate batches, clean and inspect the pipe. It is critical to know the location of pigs in the pipeline for numerous reasons; all pigs have a risk of getting stuck in the pipeline and plugging off the flow, pipeline stations and valves often require operational adjustments to allow the pig to pass, and inspection runs need reference markers deployed along the pipeline as the pig passes. While many operational and technical innovations have been developed to assist with the tracking and locating of pigs, there has not been any advancement made in the communications of the pig tracking information to the pipeline operators; until now. This paper discusses the development and field trials of a system to post and view pig tracking information through the Internet.
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Olston, Christopher, Benjamin Reed, Utkarsh Srivastava, Ravi Kumar, and Andrew Tomkins. "Pig latin." In the 2008 ACM SIGMOD international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1376616.1376726.

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Kratsch, Robert W. "Design and Construction of 42” Liquids Pipeline Batch Pig Facilities." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64214.

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Enbridge’s current major expansion called “Southern Access” is a 42″ liquid crude oil pipeline running 321 miles from Superior, WI to Delavan, WI in 2008 and continuing another 133 miles to Flanagan, IL in 2009. As part of the goal to achieve and maintain a high quality pipeline system, an automated batch pig system was required to remotely launch the batch pigs, operated from the Control Center in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The project team has designed and developed a unique batch pig system that allows the loading and unloading of multiple pigs. The 42″ pigs can be remotely launched or received one at a time without having to open the pig launcher or receiver to atmosphere. These facilities allow pigs to be launched remotely, separating the various crude types being transported. The launcher and receiver have been designed to accommodate remote launching or receiving up to 4 pigs without having to open the traps. The facilities are designed for quick loading and unloading of the launcher and receiver to reduce the time the trap is open and reduce labor requirements. The receiving facilities incorporate pig washers and a pig maintenance shop to service the pigs as they are received. Specialized material handling equipment has been engineered to facilitate the safe and efficient movement of the pigs used for this operation. The launcher and receiver barrels can also be utilized for routine cleaning and inspection operations. This paper discusses the key features and challenges of the design and construction of the batch pig systems implemented for the new 42″ liquids pipeline. Of particular interest are the practical requirements included in the design for operation of the facilities in a safe and efficient manner.
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Nagaraj, Jegadeesh. "Smart Pigging in High Pressure Gas Pipeline Practical Problems and Solutions: A Case Study." In ASME 2013 India Oil and Gas Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iogpc2013-9826.

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Smart pigs, also known as inline inspection (ILI) tools or intelligent pigs, are electronic devices designed to flow on the inside of a gas transmission pipeline, usually while the line is in service, to inspect a pipeline for various types of anomalies that can increase the risks of pipeline failure. This paper describes various problems faced on in service pigging in gas pipelines even after getting data by typical pipeline questionnaire as per NACE RP0102. Problems and solution starting from Launching, crossing SV stations, tap off Point flow tees and Receiving at Pig Receiver including data retrieval from smart pig. First of all, different segment thickness and anomalies of entire length of pipeline will be studied before launch of the tool, because this is important input in ILI tool design in terms of OD and percentage flexibility of pig while run. API 1163 will considered as a master standard for smart pig applications in pipelines. Smart pigging is done once in 10 years interval as per Indian regulation and data recorded in this inspection is important risk assessment input in Pipeline Integrity Management and for deciding life of pipeline. This paper describes various problem faced in pigging i.e. Pig struck before Launching in Launcher, Pig struck at Sectionalization Valve station, Pig stopped in Pipeline without any reason, Pig struck at Flow Tee before Receiver, Pig barrel opening a Hazardous activity, Failure of Data retrieval from smart pig after receiving, Re-run of smart pig and how fluctuating flow rates in different region of pipelines will affect running a pig. This paper deals pig retrieval methods used in different struck ups and various aspects to be considered while planning to run a smart pig. This paper also deals problem faced i.e. magnetized pipe and difficulty in welding after retrieving struck up pigs by hot tapping and stoppling methods and how it was solved. Smart pigging, when properly applied, can serve as a superior inspection tool for many risks of concern over other integrity inspection methods. A proper smart pigging program can play a vital role in integrity management (“IM”) and smooth operation of pipeline without any flow interruption to downstream customers. The downstream customers of different industry which serves to run day to day life of society like Power Plants, City Gas Distribution (CGD) Companies, Refineries, Fertilizers, Ceramics, Dairy units etc will not be interrupted while run a smart pig to avoid consequences and give better service as a Pipeline operator. Smart pig, performance specification shall be qualified by the service provider by any one of the methodologies i.e. verified historical data, Large scale tests from real or artificial anomalies, small scale tests, modeling, and/or analyses. Pipeline operator may ensure final documents and other requirements as per API1163 standards.
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Nieckele, A. O., A. M. B. Braga, and L. F. A. Azevedo. "Transient Pig Motion Through Non-Isothermal Gas and Liquid Pipelines." In 2000 3rd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2000-175.

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Simulation of the dynamics of pigs moving through non-isothermal pipelines is presented. The differential mass, linear momentum and energy equations were numerically solved by a finite difference numerical scheme, for compressible flow through pipelines. The fluid flow equations were combined with an equation representing a force balance on the pig. Pressure forces developed due to flow through by-pass holes in the pig, pig acceleration and pig/pipe contact forces were considered. A stick/slip model was developed to account for the distinct friction regimes that prevail depending on whether the pig is stopped or in motion. An adaptive grid technique was employed to account for the moving pig. Heat losses to the ambient play an important role in the fluid temperature distribution. However, for the test cases conducted, the temperature variations caused virtually no effect on the pig dynamics.
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Phodapol, Sujet, Tachadol Suthisomboon, Pong Kosanunt, Ravipas Vongasemjit, Petch Janbanjong, and Poramate Manoonpong. "Morphological Adaptation for Speed Control of Pipeline Inspection Gauges MC-PIG." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207403-ms.

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Abstract Passive and active hybrid pipeline inspection gauges (PIGs) have been used for in-pipe inspection. While a passive PIG cannot control its speed, the hybrid version can achieve this by using an integrated valve specifically designed and embedded in the PIG. This study proposes a generic new method for speed adaptation in PIGs (called MC-PIG) by introducing a generic, modular, controllable, external valve unit add-on for attaching to existing conventional (passive) PIGs with minimal change. The MC-PIG method is based on the principle of morphological computation with closed-loop control. It is achieved by regulating/computing the PIG's morphology (i.e., a modular rotary valve unit add-on) to control bypass flow. Adjustment of the valve angle can affect the flow rate passing through the PIG, resulting in speed regulation ability. We use numerical simulation with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate and analyze the speed of a simulated PIG with the valve unit adjusted by proportional-integral (PI) control under various in-pipe pressure conditions. Our simulation experiments are performed under different operating conditions in three pipe sizes (16″, 18″, and 22″ in diameter) to manifest the speed adaptation of the PIG with the modular valve unit add-on and PI control. Our results show that the PIG can effectively perform real-time adaptation (i.e., adjusting its valve angle) to maintain the desired speed. The valve design can be adjusted from 5 degrees (closed valve, resulting in high moving speed) to a maximum of 45 degrees (fully open valve, resulting in low moving speed). The speed of the PIG can be regulated from 0.59 m/s to 3.88 m/s in a 16″ pipe at 4.38 m/s (in-pipe fluid velocity), 2500 kPa (operating pressure), and 62 °C (operating temperature). Finally, the MC-PIG method is validated using a 3D-printed prototype in a 6″ pipe. Through the investigation, we observed that two factors influence speed adaptation; the pressure drop coefficient and friction of the PIG and pipeline. In conclusion, the results from the simulation and prototype show close characteristics with an acceptable error.
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Zhang, Xun, Qiyu Huang, and Wei Chen. "Influence of Pigging Velocity on the Wax Removal Process in Subsea Pipelines." In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-79456.

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Abstract Wax deposition has been a significant concern in flow assurance. Mechanical pigging is the most common technique used to remediate wax deposition in subsea pipelines. Although researchers have revealed the wax removal process of pipe pigs, it is still unclear whether the pipe pig speed affects the pigging process. Due to a lack of understanding of the wax removal process, the field pigging operation is mainly reliant on empirical rules, resulting in frequent blockage accidents. In this work, the effect of pipe pig speed on the pigging process of cup and disk pigs was investigated using the in-house pigging facility. The experimental results show that the pigging process of both pipe pigs at high and low speeds can be divided into four parts. However, the wax breaking force (WBF) is approximately 2–3 times greater at high speed than at low speed. Also, the WBF of the disk pig is higher compared to the cup pig under the same pigging conditions. The mechanism behind this phenomenon is because of the rheological features of wax deposits. Since the wax deposit exhibits rheomalaxis elasto-viscoplasticity, it is exposed to a larger shear rate at high pipe pig speed, which leads to increased dynamic yield stress of the wax deposit. Furthermore, the difference in WBF between cup pigs and disk pigs results from the geometric characteristics of the pipe pigs. This work can serve as a qualitative guide for on-site pigging operations of subsea pipelines.
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Camerini, Claudio, Jean Pierre von der Weid, Miguel Freitas, and Thiago Salcedo. "Feeler Pig: A Simple Way to Detect and Size Internal Corrosion." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64626.

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Submarine pipeline inspection traditionally employs the same technologies used for onshore pipelines. One of such technologies is the instrumented pig, which usually runs under the same parameters and procedures as those used for onshore inspections. However, it is very common to find submarine pipelines with many kinds of obstacles that may prevent the use of conventional instrumented pigs, like magnetic flux leakage (MFL) and ultrasonic pigs. The relevant factors that make the inspection difficult are the different diameters along the pipeline, small radius bends, equipment installed in the pipeline (such as manifolds and valves), increased wall thickness, multiphase fluids, etc. Currently available techniques to inspect these pipelines have limitations. For ultrasonic pigs, the need of a homogeneous fluid, with good acoustic properties, to serve as sonic wave coupling is a relevant factor. On crude oil pipelines, this homogeneous fluid is not always available, as these lines carry multi-phase products. For magnetic pigs, it may not be possible to fully magnetize the heavy wall thickness pipe needed in offshore applications for structural reasons. Focusing on this context, a new tool was developed to detect and size reductions of wall thickness associated to internal corrosion. This tool, called Feeler Pig, was designed to be able to overcome diverse limitations that conventional pigs have. The Feeler Pig performs the direct dimensional measurement of pipeline internal corrosion by contact, with no practical limit of wall thickness to inspect and no need of homogeneous fluid during the inspection job. The system has been tested in field and had the performance compared to a standard ultrasonic instrumented pig. Excellent defect correlation was observed between the Ultrasonic and Feeler Pig data, not only in length and width but also in depths of internal corrosion. With this high confidence, other prototypes of Feeler Pigs were developed. One of them, named Feeler Snake Pig, was built with the installation of feeler nails into a flexible polyurethane support yielding tool with ultra high tolerance to geometric restrictions and is able to navigate through sharp bends and geometric accessories. The excellent results of the prototype and its robustness against line geometric restrictions immediately open a wide range of opportunities for the Feeler Snake Pig technology in field applications.
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Duan, Ruixi, Da Yu, Haihao Wu, Jing Gong, Shanwei Hu, Tong Zhou, and Lijun Zheng. "Experiment Study of Pigging Characteristics in Horizontal Gas-Liquid Flow Pipeline With Different Pig Sizes." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90357.

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During pigging process of long-distance pipeline, pig seals wear due to abrasion on pipe wall, the diameter of seal decreases and even to be smaller than pipe inner diameter as a result. This study has researched the characteristics of pigging processes using pigs different in diameter in horizontal experimental pipe. In the study, mandrel pig with two seals was chosen for experiment. Five pigs different in size were used, and pigging experiments under various flow conditions were carried out in a horizontal air-water flow experimental loop. During experiment, the features of pigging process from pig launcher to trap were observed, the liquid holdup and pressure were detected and collected, pig velocities in different sections of pipe were measured, the velocity of pigging slug front and length of the slug were also measured. The relationship between pig movement and flow conditions was analyzed, the methods to calculate velocity of pigging slug front and length of the slug were obtained and the results calculated were similar to the results measured. Based on the results of experiment, some suggestions were proposed for pigging operation in real pipeline.
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Reports on the topic "Pig"

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Unknown, Author. L51658 Subsea Pig Recovery Concepts. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), October 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010603.

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The technology and procedures for the inspection of pipelines from offshore production and process facilities to shore or other offshore installations has developed rapidly in recent years. This rapid development can be attributed to several factors including pipeline operators protecting their investment in their lines, heightened environmental protection concerns, and increasing regulatory requirements. A limited number of the offshore pipeline systems in the U.S. currently include the ability to inspect the trunkline using either an ultrasonic or magnetic particle inspection pig. This pig is moved through the pipeline with the product flow from the trunkline's point of origin offshore to an onshore or nearshore facility. As the pig moves through the line, it takes and stores measurement readings which can be downloaded and interpreted after the pig is removed from the line. While inspection pig technology can provide the pipeline operator with valuable information, several factors can prohibit development of a successful trunkline inspection pigging program. Because inspection pigs have onboard data measurement and storage facilities, they are significantly longer and heavier than foam or scraper pigs, and must be articulated to negotiate pipe bends. The minimum negotiable bend radius varies among inspection pig vendors, but is typically between 3 - 5 pipe diameters. The drive cups on an articulated pig are located in the front to prevent buckling. The cups must maintain a close fit with the inside pipe diameter to propel the pig through the pipeline and can stall or jam in a multi-diameter pipeline. The scope of the project includes the development of several basic concepts which, in principle, meet the project objectives. These concepts have been evaluated from several technical viewpoints and two primary concepts selected for further development. A preliminary design effort, carried out on both primary concepts, includes: Structure stress calculations; Detailed layouts of major assemblies and components Step by step installation, operation, and maintenance procedures; Detailed capital and operating cost development. A basic scenario of a 12"� ANSI 900# rated system in 400 ft. water depth is used for both concepts. A sensitivity analysis for the effects of greater and lesser water depths (800 ft. and 100 ft.) and a change in pipe size to 8"� nominal is also included.
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Rothschild, Max F. Sequencing the Pig Genome. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1066.

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Adkins, H. E. Jr. Pig shipping container test sequence. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10118815.

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Iske, Cayla, Cheryl L. Morris, and Anna K. Johnson. Composition of Eleven Pig By-Products. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-347.

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Honeyman, Mark S., and John F. Patience. Effects of Bedding on Pig Performance. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2314.

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Lammers, Peter J., John W. Mabry, Mark S. Honeyman, P. Matthew Swantek, and Wayne B. Roush. Developing Berkshire Market Pig Growth Curves. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-288.

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Unknown, Author. WINMOP-R03 Performance of Offshore Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011744.

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The objective of the project was to validate existing pipeline integrity prediction models through field testing multiple pipelines, validate the performance of in-line instrumentation through smart pig runs, and finally, to assess the actual integrity of aging damaged and defective pipelines. The objectives were accomplished by the testing of aging out-of-service lines using "smart pigs", followed by hydrotesting of the lines to failure, recovery of the failed sections, and determination of the pipeline characteristics in the vicinity of the failed sections (failure analysis). One objective of the project was to validate the dented, gouged, and corroded pipeline burst strength prediction models currently in existence, such as ASME B31-G, R-Streng, and DNV 99 for pipelines. Another model was being developed as a joint international project sponsored by the U. S. Minerals Management Service, Petroleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), and Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo (IMP) titled RAM PIPE REQUAL and an associated JIP identified as PIMPIS (Pipeline Inspection, Maintenance, and Performance Information System), this would be tested and validated as well. The validation was provided by hydrotesting in-situ pipelines to failure. Sustained and rapidly applied hydro-pressures were used to investigate the effects of delayed and dynamic pressure related failures. After testing, the pipelines were scheduled for decommissioning; with the failed sections located, and brought to the laboratory for testing and analysis. Class A predictions were made before the pipelines were hydrotested to failure based on results from in-line instrumentation (instrumented) and from knowledge of the pipeline products and other characteristics (not instrumented). Based on the results from the testing, the analytical models were to be revised to provide improved agreement between the measured and predicted burst pressures. Since the pipelines were inspected with smart pigs before the hydro-tests, it was possible to compare the smart-pig data gathered during pig runs to the actual condition of the pipeline. This was accomplished by recovering sections of the pipeline that were identified by the pig as having pits or metal-loss areas. Reviewed pipeline decommissioning inventory and selected a pipeline candidate. The specific scope of work included: � Selected pipelines for testing. � Conducted field tests with an instrumented pig to determine pipeline denting, gouging and corrosion conditions. � Used existing analytical models to determine burst strength for both instrumented and non-instrumented pipelines. � Hydrotested the selected pipelines to failure (sustained and rapidly applied pressures). � Located and retrieve failed sections and other sections identified as problem spots by the "smart-pig." � Compared "smart pig" data to actual pipeline condition. � Analyzed the failed sections to determine their physical and material characteristics. � Revised the analytical models to provide improved agreements between predicted and measured burst pressures.
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Tucker, Dan, Hayley MacGregor, Ayako Ebata, and Ngo Thi Hoa. Taking Myanmar’s AMR National Action Plan Forward. Myanmar Pig Partnership, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.060.

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Pilot research findings from the Myanmar Pig Partnership show increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pig farming in Yangon Region, Myanmar. They highlight challenges in AMR awareness, antibiotic use and disease prevention relating to farmers, slaughterhouse workers, vets and others in the pig meat supply chain. Decision makers need to consider these challenges at all levels.
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Fan, Bin, and Max F. Rothschild. Using Pig Genomic Sequence to Determine Underlying Mutations Affecting a Pig SSC17 Meat Quality QTL: New Developments. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-86.

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Tucker, Dan, Hayley MacGregor, Ayako Ebata, and Ngo Thi Hoa. Pig Meat and Food Safety in Myanmar: Evidence to Support Practice. Myanmar Pig Partnership, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.061.

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Research findings reveal that disease-causing bacteria, including Salmonella, are widespread on pig farms of all sizes in Yangon Region, Myanmar, as well as in pig meat sold to consumers in the city and rural areas. This evidence provides a snapshot of how intensification in pig production can affect food safety – and points to potential responses.
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