Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pierre massive'
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Petkova, Natalia. "Form follows material ? : Stories of building in massive stone today." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2023. https://these.univ-paris-est.fr/intranet/2023/TH2023PESC2017.pdf.
Full textStone. If the number of published projects, magazine features, workshops, university courses,exhibitions, and conferences articulated around its structural use is anything to go by, the age-oldbuilding material appears to be undergoing something of a revival in contemporary architecture. Alongside other bio or geo-sourced building materials, portrayed as ecological alternatives totheir synthetic counterparts (mainly concrete, steel and fired brick) stone has been the object ofgrowing enthusiasm among professionals of the built environment as well as the wider public in anumber of West European countries. This enthusiasm for so-called natural materials coincideswith a broader shift in how architecture today is presented, discussed and its quality evaluated,largely inspired by the material turn within the field of material studies around the year 2000 thatsaw a flourishing of interest in things, their agency, fabrication, exchange and raw matter. Thisshift has seen concern for the style, function or symbolic content of buildings largely supersededby an attention to the materials they are made of. It has tended to privilege social, cultural,economic and environmental considerations around the making, use and after-life of buildings, attimes minimising and sidelining questions of form — the physical essence and shape ofbuildings.The principal thesis defended in Form follows Material? is that the espousal of the material turnin architectural research, immensely valuable as it has been in expanding the discipline’s horizonof concern, also carries the potential to fundamentally challenge how we think about form, itscentral preoccupation. The research thus set out to explore what employing stone in structure isdoing to contemporary architecture, in terms of both uses and form. Its objective has been less tod educe an overarching theory of building in massive stone today than to induce useful ways ofinterpreting the trend as it continues to evolve. Each of the nine chapters represents oneperspective through which we might begin to situate it within recent architectural history and to consider its consequences for contemporary architectural theory and practice. These perspectiveshave emerged out of my ethnographic fieldwork around a series of building projects in themaking (drawn by Atelier Archiplein, Atelier Architecture Perraudin, Aulets Arquitectes, InstitutBalear de l’Habitatge IBAVI et Caruso St John Architects) in Switzerland, Spain and England —where a critical mass of interest in the material is developing. The thesis thus considers stoneused for structural — that is to say load-bearing or self-supporting — purposes in construction today in terms of: the reasons for choosing to employ it; the logic of its supply; the expertise itcalls upon; its purported moral underpinnings; the labour involved in its extraction and transformation; its brutalist tendencies; stylistic associations; and finally, its capacity to last
Morel, David. "Tailleurs de pierre, sculpteurs et maîtres d'oeuvre dans le Massif Central." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF20008.
Full textBachari, Hanan. "La genèse des dépôts d'oxydes fer, titane et vanadium associés aux anorthosites massives de la région de Lac-Saint-Jean (Saint-Charles et lac Élan) et de la région de Havre Saint-Pierre (massif de la Rivière-au-Tonnerre, massif de la rivière Romaine et massif de lac Allard), Québec, Canada /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2004. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textMilleville, Annabelle. "«De la pierre à la meule» durant le néolithique : circulation et gestion des matières premières entre Rhin et Rhône." Besançon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BESA1004.
Full textThe goal of this work is to understand the management of heavy stone tools, first from supply of the raw material to the moment the tool is discarded. This study is based on the artefacts of three palafittic settlements: Chalain/Clairvaux (Jura), Charavines « Les Baigneurs » (Isère) and Sutz-Lattrigen « Riedstation » (Switzerland). The first line of research is chronological and is best applied to the Combe d’Ain limestone region. In the case of the “back-and-forth” mill, the choice of the raw material differs greatly between the Middle and Late Neolithic. During the earlier period the raw material is exclusively local whereas in the later period it is imported. For the Late Neolithic these tools are treated differently according to their origin. Siliceous stones, imported from more than 50 km, seem to have an important economic value. The clearest indication of evolution is the reorientation of the supply network, which would be consistent with cultural changes. Polishing tools, consisting mostly of fine-grained sandstone, do not vary during the Late Neolithic and some outcrops (20 km from the village) were already exploited during the Middle Neolithic. A constant between 3200 and 2600 BC is that tools were always used until to their end. The second line of research deals with the spatial spread of the heavy stone tools. On lake-dwelling their interpretation is very complex. “Back-and-forth” mill nevertheless seem to be used either in front of the house or at the entrance. There is possibly an evolution of the place of grinding activity from the outside to inside of the house, indicating an evolution of social practices during the Late Neolithic
Huet, Briagell. "De l’influence des matières premières lithiques sur les comportements techno-économiques au Paléolithique moyen : l’exemple du Massif armoricain (France)." Rennes 1, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00147396.
Full textCaccianiga, Lorenzo. "Cosmic-ray astronomy at the highest energies with ten years of data of the Pierre Auger observatory." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066643/document.
Full textIdentifying the sources of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs, above 10^{18} eV), the most energetic particles known in the universe, would be an important leap forward for both the astrophysics and particle physics knowledge. However, developing a cosmic-ray astronomy is arduous because magnetic fields, that permeate our Galaxy and the extra-Galactic space, deflect cosmic rays that may lose the directional information on their sources. This problem can be reduced by studying the highest energy end of the cosmic ray spectrum. Indeed, magnetic field deflections are inversely proportional to the cosmic ray energy. Moreover, above 4x10^{19} eV, cosmic rays interact with cosmic photon backgrounds, losing energy. This means that the sources of the highest energy cosmic rays observed on Earth can be located only in the nearby universe (200 Mpc or less). The largest detector ever built for detecting cosmic rays at such high energies is the Pierre Auger Observatory, in Argentina. It combines a 3000 km^2 surface array of water Cherenkov detectors with fluorescence telescopes to measure extensive air showers initiated by the UHECRs. This thesis was developed inside the Auger Collaboration and was devoted to study the highest energy events observed by Auger, starting from the selection and reconstruction up to the analysis of their distribution in the sky. Moreover, since the composition at these energies is unknown, we developed a method to select proton-like events, since high Z cosmic rays are too much deflected by magnetic fields to be used for cosmic-ray astronomy
Othmen, Inès. "Étude des matériaux d'isolation compatibles avec la pierre de tuffeau : application à la réhabilitation du bâti ancien et/ou historique." Nantes, 2015. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=6bd6c8b6-5b05-4f8d-ae3d-8da67f673df9.
Full textIn France, the building sector is a major challenge because alone is responsible for about half of the final energy consumption and nearly a quarter of national greenhouse gas emissions. In this context, the regulations concerning the energy efficiency of buildings lead professionals to wonder about the issue of the insulation of buildings said “old”, built before 1948, in particular, those of Loire Valley made with tuffeau. However, there are no proven technology answers for the rehabilitation of buildings in limestone. In this context, we preferred use innovative technical solutions using hemp by wet and dry applications. Indeed, recent research has highlighted the interesting hygrothermal performance of this eco-material, in addition to its respect for the environment and sustainable development approach. In this phD work, three objectives are well pointed out. The first focused on a parametric study of limestone and concrete hemp to create a database of properties necessary for the evaluation of the insulation technique and numerical modeling of coupled heat and moisture transfer in the walls. The second objective was to test the insulated walls under real relative humidity and temperature conditions imposed within a biclimatic device. Finally, the third objective was to verify the experimental results with the numerical results obtained through two-dimensional software in porous media (heat / moisture - WUFI)
Chauvin, Nicolas. "La transformation d'état de charge 1+->n+ pour l'accélération des ions radioactifs." Grenoble 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10082.
Full textBlais, Catherine. "Rôle et métabolisme des ecdystéroïdes au niveau des disques imaginaux alaires de Pieris brassicae L. (Lepidoptère)." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066217.
Full textPhilippon, Carole. "Le caravagisme à Naples : polymorphisme de la poétique caravagesque méridionale." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30083.
Full textThe aim of this work is to emphasize the richness of the Scuola Napoletana in the 17th Century (after it came to life following Caravaggio†s two stays in Naples between 1606 and 1610). Neapolitan art does not get the appreciation it deserves, and yet the first half of the Seicento was an extremely important period as Naples was the only major artistic centre where Caravaggism was still a driving force of painting, and would do so until 1656 (the year of the Great Plague that wiped out the last "original" Caravaggesque painters). I am therefore emphasizing Caravaggio†s Southern period, which is all too often neglected as compared to his Roman period, as well as the great diversity of Caravaggesque painters making up the artistic milieu in Naples, united by a shared passion for Caravaggio's language but progressively incorporating other influences into their artistic expression. Southern Caravaggism stands out because of its polymorphism and the highly diverse outer influences with which these artists enhance their original Caravaggism: while the first naturalists, such as Battistello, are always true to the Master, many will follow into Ribera's footsteps (Ribera,Fracanzano, the Master of the Announcement to the Shepherds...) and adopt a more socially oriented stance. At the same time, some painters draw links between Caravaggism and Classicism (Stanzione, Guarino), while others focus on narrative Caravaggism (Artemisia Gentileschi is famed for the storytelling talent). In the field of colour, many artists (including Pietro Novelli and Ribera) yield to the Neo-venetism or Vandyckianism that were fashionable as of the 1630†s. Finally,Caravaggism becomes more refined with Bernardo Cavallino, who appears to be a precursor of Rococo taste, while Mattia Preti balances on the verge between Caravaggism and Barocco
Mainieri, Robin. "La forêt, un intégrateur robuste de l'évolution de la dynamique des chutes de blocs dans un contexte de changements environnementaux ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALU009.
Full textRockfalls are one of the most common geomorphological processes in the steeply sloping environments. Despite their limited volumes, rockfalls pose a significant hazard, due to their rapid evolution, high velocity and impact energy, but their unpredictable occurrence hinders detailed investigation of their dynamics and drivers under natural conditions. As the relative influence of rainfall, snowmelt, temperature, or freeze–thaw cycles have long been identified, based on medium-term monitoring methods, as the main drivers of rockfall activity, increasing rockfall hazards triggered by climate change are a major concern expressed both in scientific and non-scientific media.At high altitude sites, unequivocal relationships have been established between heightened rockfall activity, permafrost thawing and global warming. By contrast, below the permafrost limit, in the absence of longer-term assessments of rockfall triggers and possible changes thereof, our knowledge of rockfall dynamics remains still lacunary as a result of the persisting scarcity of exhaustive and precise rockfall databases.Over the last two decades, dendrogeomorphology – based on the analysis of damage inflicted to trees after rockfall impacts – has been used to overcome certain limitations inherent to historical archives and reconstructions of rockfall activity have been developed. Paradoxically, tree-ring reconstructions have only rarely been compared with climatic data to precisely constrain the potential meteorological triggers of process activity or to detect potential influences of global warming mostly due to the absence of clear recommendations to derive reconstructions that optimally capture the climatic signal in rockfall-prone environments.In this context, this PhD thesis first aims at proposing clear methodological guidelines to optimize sampling strategies of trees so as to precisely quantify uncertainties in dendrogeomorphic reconstructions back in time. Our results clearly evidence that the high-resolution mapping of stems on the studied combined with a careful selection of tree-species located at the vicinity of the cliffs improve the robustness of our reconstructions at the Saint-Guillaume (mixed forest stand, Vercors massif, French Alps) and Valdrôme (monospecific planted forest stands, Diois massif, French Alps) studied plots.In the second part, we capitalize on rockfall activity derived from optimized reconstructions and on the high-spatio-temporal resolution of the SAFRAN reanalyses, to precisely identify the meteorological triggers of rockfall events. At the interannual scale, our results evidence that summer precipitations and intense rainfall-events are the main drivers at both sites while no clear impact of temperature or freeze-thaw cycles could be detected.Finally, we compare decadal fluctuations existing in both tree-ring records with climatic series available for the period 1959-2017 with the purpose to detect the potential impacts of global warming on rockfall activity. In the Vercors massif, we explain increasing rockfall activity observed in the reconstruction since 1959 by a rapid forest recolonization and the overrepresentation of young sensitive trees rather than by climate change. In the Diois massif, the absence of significant trend suggests that a premature warning of increasing rockfall hazard, is not supported by the existing data. Yet, the weak robustness of the multiple regression models used here, the limited increase of temperature at the study sites and the incompleteness of our tree-ring reconstructions suggest that these results have to be treated with cautiously. All in all, this PhD thesis clearly demonstrates the added-value of the dendrogeomorphic approach to reconstruct rockfall activity, assess the meteorological driver of past events as well as to detect the potential impacts of environmental changes on the process dynamics
Lukashkin, Alexey. "La réception des romans de Ponson du Terrail (sur Rocambole) dans la littérature russe des années 1860-1890." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL109.
Full textThe present research analyzes the transformation and the impact on Russian literature, as well as on the cultural and political community of the popular French adventure novels of the second half of the 19th century written by Ponson du Terrail and assembled in the cycle “Rocambole” (1857–1871). The paper considers the literary and sociocultural reception of these novels in Russia, reflected in everyday behavior and enshrined in epistolary and memorial evidence, official documents, and works of Russian-speaking writers of the turn of the century. When publishing Ponson du Terrail's novels in Russian, the translation strategies consisted, in particular, in summarizing the original text and reducing the descriptions. The reception of Ponson du Terrail’s work in Russian literary and everyday life was distorted by the trial of the “Club of knaves of hearts” (1877), a gang of Moscow aristocrats who borrowed the title of one of the episodes of the Rocambole cycle. In this work, on the basis of literary and documentary sources, a connection between the criminal novels of Ponson du Terrail and the crimes of the gang of “knaves of hearts” can be retraced. Subsequently, the reception of novels about Rocambole introduced new stable expressions into the Russian language, namely “knave of hearts” and “Rocambole”. Russian-speaking writers used novels about Rocambole as a reference to a whole layer of literary texts, which functioned depending on the poetic motivations of a concrete author. The paper also studies the figure of Ivan Manasevich-Manuylov, who entered the history books as the “Russian Rocambole”, and whose biography can be considered in the paradigm of “super-creation”
FEDERICO, LUCA. "L'apprendistato letterario di Raffaele La Capria." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1005664.
Full textMARIANI, SILVIA. "La pietra massiva nella progettazione - dalle caratteristiche dei materiali alle valenze energetico-architettoniche di involucri lapidei massivi “innovativi”." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1248071.
Full textBachari, Hanan. "La genèse des dépôts d'oxydes fer, titane et vanadium associés aux anorthosites massives de la région de Lac-Saint-Jean (Saint-Charles et lac Élan) et de la région de Havre Saint-Pierre (massif de la Rivière-au-Tonnerre, massif de la rivière Romaine et massif de lac Allard), Québec, Canada." Thèse, 2004. http://constellation.uqac.ca/638/1/18325622.pdf.
Full textAllen, Amanda. "The girls' guide to power: romancing the Cold War." Phd thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/1100.
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