Relevant bibliographies by topics / PIC numerical simulations

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'PIC numerical simulations'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 15 March 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "PIC numerical simulations"

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Liu, Jian, Zhi Yu, and Hong Qin. "A Nonlinear PIC Algorithm for High Frequency Waves in Magnetized Plasmas Based on Gyrocenter Gauge Kinetic Theory." Communications in Computational Physics 15, no. 4 (April 2014): 1167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.150313.051213s.

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AbstractNumerical methods based on gyrocenter gauge kinetic theory are suitable for first principle simulations of high frequency waves in magnetized plasmas. The δf gyrocenter gauge PIC simulation for linear rf wave has been previously realized. In this paper we further develop a full-f nonlinear PIC algorithm appropriate for the nonlinear physics of high frequency waves in magnetized plasmas. Numerical cases of linear rf waves are calculated as a benchmark for the nonlinear GyroGauge code, meanwhile nonlinear rf-wave phenomena are studied. The technique and advantage of the reduction of the numerical noise in this full-f gyrocenter gauge PIC algorithm are also discussed.
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Bacchini, Fabio. "RelSIM: A Relativistic Semi-implicit Method for Particle-in-cell Simulations." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 268, no. 2 (October 1, 2023): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/acefba.

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Abstract We present a novel Relativistic Semi-Implicit Method (RelSIM) for particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of astrophysical plasmas, implemented in a code framework ready for production runs. While explicit PIC methods have gained widespread recognition in the astrophysical community as a reliable tool to simulate plasma phenomena, implicit methods have been seldom explored. This is partly due to the lack of a reliable relativistic implicit PIC formulation that is applicable to state-of-the-art simulations. We propose the RelSIM to fill this gap: our new method is relatively simple, being free of nonlinear iterations and only requiring a global linear solve of the field equations. With a set of one- and two-dimensional tests, we demonstrate that the RelSIM produces more accurate results with much smaller numerical errors in the total energy than standard explicit PIC, in particular when characteristic plasma scales (skin depth and plasma frequency) are heavily underresolved on the numerical grid. By construction, the RelSIM also performs much better than the relativistic implicit-moment method, originally proposed for semi-implicit PIC simulations in the relativistic regime. Our results are promising to conduct large-scale (in terms of duration and domain size) PIC simulations of astrophysical plasmas, potentially reaching physical regimes inaccessible by standard explicit PIC codes.
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Konior, Wojciech. "Particle-In-Cell Electrostatic Numerical Algorithm." Transactions on Aerospace Research 2017, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 24–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tar-2017-0020.

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Abstract Existing global models of interaction between the solar wind (SW) and the local interstellar medium (LISM) describe the heliosphere that arises as a result of this interaction. There is a strong motivation to develop a kinetic model using the Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method to describe phenomena which appear in the heliosphere. This is however a long term scientific goal. This paper describes an electrostatic Particle-in-Cell numerical model developed in the Institute of Aviation in Warsaw, which includes mechanical and charge exchange collisions between particles in the probabilistic manner using Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method. This is the first step into developing simulations of the heliosphere incorporating kinetic effects in collisionless plasmas. In this paper we focus only on presenting the work, which have been done on the numerical PIC algorithm.
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Sary, G., and L. Gremillet. "Hybrid Zakharov-kinetic simulation of nonlinear stimulated Raman scattering." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 7 (July 2022): 072103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0090211.

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We present a novel 2D reduced numerical model for stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in laser fusion plasmas in which envelope equations for the electromagnetic fields are coupled to a hybrid description of the electron species. Specifically, the electron distribution is split between a bulk part described by a Zakharov-like linear model and a kinetic tail discretized using a particle-in-cell-like (PIC) scheme. By avoiding to sample the bulk-electron distribution, this approach greatly reduces the numerical cost of SRS simulations compared with PIC codes, while still being able to describe the nonlinear evolution of the electron tail and trapping-related kinetic phenomena. First, our model is shown to reproduce accurately the linear Landau damping of an infinitesimal electron plasma wave (EPW) whose phase velocity falls into the tail of the electron distribution. Then, applying it to the simulation of the trapped-particle modulational instability of a large-amplitude EPW, results comparable to those of previously published 2D Vlasov simulations are obtained. Finally, we simulate the excitation of kinetic backward SRS from a single strong laser speckle ([Formula: see text]) in an underdense ([Formula: see text]) plasma, which drives an EPW with wavenumber [Formula: see text]. The model predictions fairly agree with the results of a PIC simulation regarding the kinetic saturation mechanisms (i.e., trapped-particle instabilities), and with experimental data and Vlasov simulations related to the frequency shift of nonlinear EPWs. For this SRS simulation, we estimate that our hybrid model is over an order of magnitude less costly than an equivalent PIC simulation due to the lower particle count.
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Pinto, Martin Campos, Mathieu Lutz, and Marie Mounier. "Electromagnetic PIC simulations with smooth particles: a numerical study." ESAIM: Proceedings and Surveys 53 (March 2016): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/proc/201653009.

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Greenwood, Andrew D., Keith L. Cartwright, John W. Luginsland, and Ernest A. Baca. "On the elimination of numerical Cerenkov radiation in PIC simulations." Journal of Computational Physics 201, no. 2 (December 2004): 665–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2004.06.021.

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Genco, Filippo, and Ahmed Hassanein. "Numerical simulations of laser ablated plumes using Particle-in-Cell (PIC) methods." Laser and Particle Beams 32, no. 2 (March 28, 2014): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034614000196.

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AbstractLaser ablation of graphite materials in the presence of an external magnetic field is studied with the use of the newly developed HEIGHTS-PIC particle-in-cell code and compared with both theoretical and experimental results. Carbon plumes behavior controlled by a strong magnetic field is of interest to evaluate the plume shielding effects to protect the original exposed target from further damage and erosion. Since intense power deposition on plasma facing components is expected during Tokamaks loss of plasma confinement events such as disruptions, vertical displacements event, runaway electrons, or during normal operating conditions such as edge-localized modes, it is critical to better understand the evolving target plasma behavior for more accurate prediction of the potential damage created by these high-energetic dumps which may not be easily mitigated without loss of structural and functional performance of the plasma facing components. Numerical experiments have been performed to provide benchmarking conditions for the HEIGHTS-PIC simulation package originally designed to evaluate the erosion of the Tokamak surfaces, splashing of the melted/ablated-vaporized material, and transport into the bulk plasma with consequent plasma contamination. Evolving target plasma temperature and density are calculated and compared with measured reported values available into literature for similar conditions and show good agreement with the HEIGHTS-PIC package predictions.
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Miloch, W. J. "Numerical simulations of dust charging and wakefield effects." Journal of Plasma Physics 80, no. 6 (June 25, 2014): 795–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377814000300.

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Charging of dust grains and related phenomena are fundamental problems in the physics of complex plasmas. The relative motion of grains and plasma breaks the symmetry in dust charging and gives rise to the wake in plasma density and potential, which can significantly influence the dynamics of other grains. This paper gives an overview of dust charging in two- and multi-component plasma flows and related wake effects, and presents recent results from self-consistent particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The role of wakefields is considered in the context of charging of downstream grains.
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COULAUD, O., E. SONNENDRÜCKER, E. DILLON, P. BERTRAND, and A. GHIZZO. "Parallelization of semi-Lagrangian Vlasov codes." Journal of Plasma Physics 61, no. 3 (April 1999): 435–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377899007527.

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We describe the parallel implementation of semi-Lagrangian Vlasov solvers, which are an alternative to particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations for the numerical investigation of the behaviour of charged particles in their self-consistent electromagnetic fields. The semi-Lagrangian method, which couples the Lagrangian and Eulerian points of view, is particularly interesting on parallel computers, since the solution is computed on grid points, the number of which remains constant in time on each processor, unlike the number of particles in PIC simulations, and thus greatly simplifies the parallelization process.
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Xu, Xinlu, Peicheng Yu, Samual F. Martins, Frank S. Tsung, Viktor K. Decyk, Jorge Vieira, Ricardo A. Fonseca, Wei Lu, Luis O. Silva, and Warren B. Mori. "Numerical instability due to relativistic plasma drift in EM-PIC simulations." Computer Physics Communications 184, no. 11 (November 2013): 2503–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2013.07.003.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PIC numerical simulations"

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Faugier, Loreline. "Modeling airflow related to train movement in subway stations : small-scale model and numerical simulations compared to on-site measurements." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LAROS022.

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La qualité de l'air et l'efficacité de la ventilation dans les stations de métro souterraines sont des préoccupations en matière de santé et de sécurité. L'effet piston, causé par le passage des trains, contribue de manière significative aux mouvements d'air. La réalisation de mesures sur site étant coûteuse, l’utilisation de modèle permet d’étudier et de prédire la circulation de l'air dans ces environnements. Les différences entre les données mesurées et modélisées sont cependant rarement discutées. Cette thèse développe des modèles pour la circulation de l’air induite par les trains sur les quais des stations de métro. Un modèle de dynamique des fluides numérique (CFD) de la station en 3D avec un maillage dynamique est réalisé, et la vélocimétrie par imagerie de particules (PIV) est utilisée sur un modèle à l'échelle 1:95. Les deux modèles incluent le mouvement réaliste du train, comprenant la décélération, l'arrêt et le départ. Pour valider les modèles, des mesures de la vitesse de l’air à différentes positions sur le quai sont réalisées. Les résultats sont comparés à l'aide de paramètres de corrélation et de forme de pic. Ils montrent que les modèles capturent les principaux éléments de l’effet piston dans la station. Les résultats numériques comme expérimentaux révèlent des différences entre des positions proches les unes des autres, conséquences de caractéristiques de l'écoulement se développant à une fraction de l'échelle du quai dans le plan horizontal ; et des changements locaux de vitesse se produisent sur de courts intervalles de temps liés à la vitesse du train. Cependant, les prédictions plus fines concernant l'amplitude de la vitesse sont moins fiables, car limitées par des simplifications de la géométrie, des conditions aux limites, et des considérations d'échelle. Malgré ces limitations, les modèles permettent d’étudier comment les variations de l’architecture de la station et de la vitesse du train affectent la vitesse et les échanges d'air dans la station
Air quality and ventilation efficiency in underground subway stations are concerns for health and safety. The piston effect, caused by trains passing through the station, contributes significantly to air movements. Models are often used to study and predict airflow in these environments due to challenges in on-site measurements. However, the differences between measured and modeled data are rarely discussed. This thesis focuses on developing models for train-induced airflow on platforms of underground subway stations. A 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model with a dynamic mesh is implemented to simulate the station. A small-scale model at 1:95 scale with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is also used. Both models include the train's realistic movement, deceleration, stop, and departure phases. To validate the models, extensive on-site measurements are conducted, recording velocity magnitude at various platform positions. The results are compared using correlation and peak shape parameters. They show that models can capture the key elements of piston wind in the station: both the numerical and experimental results reveal that differences can be found between locations close to each other, that are the consequence of flow features developing at a fraction of the platform scale in the horizontal plane; and that local velocity changes occur over short time intervals scaling with the train velocity. However, finer predictions about the value of velocity magnitude are less reliable as they are bounded by simplifications of the geometry, of the boundary conditions and by scaling considerations. Despite these limitations, the models provide insights into flow patterns and are used to investigate how changes in station blockage ratio and train speed affect velocity magnitude and air exchanges in the station. The study concludes that the models are valuable tools for exploring platform airflow, but caution is needed in interpreting fine-scale velocity predictions
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Denoual, Emilien. "Rayonnement térahertz par interaction laser-solide en régime relativiste." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP166.

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Les sources d'impulsion térahertz (THz) suscitent un engouement croissant en raison de leur nombreuses applications dans divers secteurs de la recherche et de l'industrie, incluant la spectroscopie moléculaire, l'imagerie médicale, la sécurité intérieure, l'étude de la matière condensée ou la science des matériaux. Les progrès dans ces domaines sont rapides, et largement stimulés par le développement de nouvelles sources à haut niveau de rayonnement. L'interaction laser-solide en régime relativiste, jusqu'à présent principalement exploitée pour son fort potentiel de rayonnement dans les parties les plus élevées du spectre électromagnétique, constitue une approche prometteuse pour la génération d'impulsions THz intenses s'étendant sur de larges bandes de fréquence. Cette thèse est d'abord consacrée à l'étude théorique et numérique des deux principaux mécanismes de production THz au cours de telles interactions : le rayonnement de transition cohérent (CTR) des électrons rapides éjectés du plasma après avoir été accélérés par l'impulsion laser, et le rayonnement d'expansion du plasma (PER) se produisant sur des échelles de temps plus longues. Nous élaborons un modèle semi-analytique du rayonnement dû aux électrons rapides tenant compte de leur trajectoire dans le champ électrique de rappel qu'ils induisent à la surface de la cible. Leur rayonnement net résulte alors de l'interférence du CTR et d'une émission de type synchrotron/bremsstrahlung. Des études paramétriques sur les caractéristiques de l'impulsion laser et de la cible permettent d'anticiper les configurations maximisant ce rayonnement. Ce dernier s'avère très sensible à la fraction d'électrons s'échappant du champ de rappel. Nous proposons également un modèle du PER à partir d'une description de la détente unidirectionnelle du plasma, incluant divers effets liés à l'épaisseur finie de la cible et à sa géométrie multidimensionnelle attendue aux temps longs. Pour une impulsion laser de durée femtoseconde et une cible d'épaisseur micrométrique, nous prévoyons un rayonnement THz net largement dominé par le rayonnement électronique, établissant ainsi une hiérarchie des mécanismes d'émission THz dans le contexte d'interaction laser-feuille mince. Pour tester ces modèles théoriques, nous implémentons un module de calcul du rayonnement en champ lointain dans le code "particle-in-cell" (PIC) CALDER. Validé dans des cas simples puis appliqué à des simulations d'interaction faisceau-plasma et laser-solide, ce module fournit la première description "ab initio" des rayonnements basse fréquence dans le cadre de simulations PIC
The terahertz (THz) domain is attracting increasing interest for its promising applications in various sectors of research and industry, including molecular spectroscopy, medical imaging, homeland security, condensed matter studies, and materials science. Progress in these fields is rapid and largely stimulated by the development of new high-power radiation sources. Relativistic laser-solid interaction, hitherto primarily exploited for its strong radiative potential in the highest parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, constitutes a promising approach for generating intense THz pulses spanning broad frequency bands. This thesis is first devoted to the theoretical and numerical study of the two main THz emissive mechanisms occurring during such interactions: the coherent transition radiation (CTR) of hot electrons ejected from the plasma after being accelerated by the ultra-intense laser pulse field, and the plasma expansion radiation (PER) occurring over longer time scales. We develop a semi-analytical model of radiation due to fast electrons, taking into account their trajectory in the restoring spacecharge electric field they induce at the target surface. Their complete radiation then results from the interference of CTR and synchrotron/bremsstrahlung-type emission. Parametric studies on the characteristics of the laser pulse and the target allow us to establish configurations that maximize this radiation. The latter proves to be very sensitive to the fraction of escaping electrons. In addition, we describe the radiation associated with the plasma expansion by considering the unidirectional model, taking into account various effects related to the finite thickness of the foil and the multidimensional geometry of the accelerating field. For a femtosecond laser pulse and a micrometer-thick target, we anticipate a net THz radiation largely dominated by electron radiation, thus establishing a hierarchy of THz emission mechanisms in the context of laser-thin foil interaction. Finally, to test these theoretical models, we implement a far-field radiation algorithm in the "particle-in-cell" (PIC) code CALDER. Validated in simple cases and then applied to beam-plasma and laser-solid interaction simulations, this module provides the first "ab initio" description of low-frequency radiation in the framework of PIC simulations
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Lutz, Mathieu. "Etude mathématique et numérique d'un modèle gyrocinétique incluant des effets électromagnétiques pour la simulation d'un plasma de Tokamak." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAD036/document.

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Cette thèse propose différentes méthodes théoriques et numériques pour simuler à coût réduit le comportement des plasmas ou des faisceaux de particules chargées sous l’action d’un champ magnétique fort. Outre le champ magnétique externe, chaque particule est soumise à champ électromagnétique créé par les particules elles-mêmes. Dans les modèles cinétiques, les particules sont représentées par une fonction de distribution f(x,v,t) qui vérifie l’équation de Vlasov. Afin de déterminer le champ électromagnétique, cette équation est couplée aux équations de Maxwell ou de Poisson. L’aspect champ magnétique fort est alors pris en compte par un dimensionnement adéquat qui fait apparaître un paramètre de perturbation singulière 1/ε
This thesis is devoted to the study of charged particle beams under the action of strong magnetic fields. In addition to the external magnetic field, each particle is submitted to an electromagnetic field created by the particles themselves. In kinetic models, the particles are represented by a distribution function f(x,v,t) solution of the Vlasov equation. To determine the electromagnetic field, this equation is coupled with the Maxwell equations or with the Poisson equation. The strong magnetic field assumption is translated by a scaling wich introduces a singular perturbation parameter 1/ε
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Wahba, Essam Moustafa. "Hierarchical formulations for numerical flow simulations /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Charoy, Thomas. "Numerical study of electron transport in Hall thrusters." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAX046.

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Ces dernières années, le nombre de satellites en orbite autour de la Terre a augmenté de manière exponentielle. Grâce à leur faible consommation en carburant, de plus en plus de propulseurs électriques sont utilisés à bord de ces satellites, notamment le propulseur à effet Hall qui est l’un des plus efficaces. De la diversité des applications découle le besoin d’avoir des propulseurs de taille et puissance variables. Cependant, la physique des propulseurs à effet Hall est encore méconnue et les nouveaux designs se font de manière empirique, avec un développement long et coûteux, pour un résultat final limité. Pour pallier ce problème, des codes de simulation peuvent être utilisés mais une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes clés est alors nécessaire, plus particulièrement du transport anormal des électrons qui doit être pris en compte de manière auto-consistante pour pouvoir capturer totalement le comportement de la décharge. Ce transport étant relié à l’instabilité azimutale de dérive électronique, un code 2D particulaire existant a été amélioré pour pouvoir simuler cette direction azimutale mais aussi la direction axiale. Avant d’analyser le comportement de la décharge, ce code a été vérifié sur un cas de benchmark, avec 6 autres codes particulaires développés par différents groupes de recherches internationaux. Ce cas simplifié a été ensuite utilisé pour vérifier de manière intensive un développement analytique pour estimer la force de friction électron-ion, qui est le témoin de la contribution des instabilités azimutales sur le transport anormal. Puis, la dynamique des neutres a été rajoutée pour capturer de manière auto-consistante le comportement de la décharge. Une technique artificielle de loi d’échelle a été adoptée, avec une augmentation de la permittivité du vide, pour alléger les contraintes de stabilité du code particulaire et accélérer les simulations. Grâce à une parallélisation du code efficace, ce facteur artificiel a été réduit de manière significative, se rapprochant ainsi d’un cas proche de la réalité. La force de friction électron-ion a été observée comme étant celle qui contribuait le plus au transport anormal durant les oscillation basse-fréquence du mode de respiration. Pour finir, l’interaction complexe entre le mode de respiration, l’instabilité de transit des ions et l’instabilité de dérive électronique a aussi été étudiée, avec la formation de structures azimutales à grande longueur d’onde, associées à un plus grand transport anormal
In the last decade, the number of satellites orbiting around Earth has grown exponentially. Thanks to their low propellant consumption, more and more electric thrusters are now used aboard these satellites, with the Hall thrusters being one of the most efficient. From the diversity of applications stems the need of widening the thruster power capabilities. However, due to a lack of knowledge on Hall thruster physics, this scaling is currently done empirically, which limits the efficiency of the newly developed thrusters and increases the development time and cost. To overcome this issue, numerical models can be used but a deeper understanding on key phenomena is still needed, more specifically on the electron anomalous transport which should be self-consistently accounted for to properly capture the discharge behaviour.As this transport is related to the azimuthal electron drift instability, an existing 2D Particle-In-Cell code was further developed to simulate this azimuthal direction along with the axial direction in which the ions are accelerated, producing the thrust. Prior to analyse the discharge behaviour, this code has been verified on a benchmark case, with 6 other PIC codes developed in different international research groups. This simplified case was later used to stress-test previous analytical developments to approximate the instability-enhanced electron-ion friction force which represents the contribution of the azimuthal instabilities to the anomalous transport. Then, the neutral dynamics has been included to capture the full self-consistent behaviour of the discharge. We used an artificial scaling technique, increasing the vacuum permittivity, to relax the PIC stability constraints and speed-up the simulations. Thanks to an efficient code parallelisation, we managed to reduce this scaling factor to a small value, hence simulating a case close to reality. The electron-ion friction force was found to be the main contributor to the anomalous transport throughout the whole low-frequency breathing mode oscillations. Finally, the complex interaction between the breathing mode, the ion-transit time instabilities and the azimuthal electron drift instabilities has been studied, with the formation of long-wavelength structures associated with an enhanced anomalous transport
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Rogers, Tamara M. "Numerical simulations of convection, overshoot, and gravity waves in the sun /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Ikram, M. "Radio-frequency generation of an electron plasma in a Malmberg-Penning trap and its interaction with a stationary or pulsed electron beam." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/233616.

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Experiments and numerical investigations on trapped electron plasmas and traveling electron bunches are discussed. A Thomson backscattering diagnostics set up was installed in the ELTRAP (Electron TRAP) device, a Penning-Malmberg trap operating at the Department of Physics of the University of Milano since 2001. Here, an infrared (IR) laser pulse collides with nanosecond electron bunches with an energy of 1-20 keV traveling through a longitudinal magnetic field in a dynamical regime where space-charge effects play a significant role. The backscattered radiation is optically filtered and detected by means of a photomultiplier tube. The minimum sensitivity of the backscattering diagnostics has been estimated for the present set-up configuration. Constraints on the number of photons and thus on the information one can obtain with the Thomson backscattering technique are determined by the relatively low density of the electron beam as well as by noise issues. Solutions to increase the signal level and to reduce the noise are briefly discussed. The generation of an electron plasma by stochastic heating was realized in ELTRAP under ultra-high vacuum conditions by means of the application of low power RF (1-20 MHz) drives on one of the azimuthally sectored electrodes of the trap. The relevant experimental results are reviewed. The electron heating mechanism has been studied by means of a two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell (PIC) code, starting with a very low electron density, and applying RF drives of various amplitudes in the range 1-15 MHz on different electrodes. The axial kinetic energy of the electrons is in general increasing for all considered cases. Of course, higher temperature increments are obtained by increasing the amplitude of the RF excitation. The simulation results indicate in particular that the heating is initially higher close to the cylindrical wall of the device. These results on the electron heating point in the same direction of the experimental findings, where the plasma formation due to the ionization of the residual gas is found to be localized close to the trap wall. The simulations indicate also major heating effects when the RF drive is applied close to one end of the trap. Similar results are obtained for an electron plasma at higher densities, simulating a situation in which the RF is applied to an already formed plasma. With the aim to extend these RF studies to the microwave range, a bench test analysis has been performed of the transmission efficiency of a microwave injection system up to a few GHz. The test was based on the use of a prototype circular waveguide with the same diameter and length of the ELTRAP electrode stack and of a coupled rectangular waveguide with dimensions suitable for a future installation in the device. Electromagnetic PIC simulations have also been performed of the electron heating effect, again both at very low and relatively high electron densities, applying a microwave drive with a frequency of approximately 3 GHz close to the center and close to one end of the trap. Both the bench test of the injection system and the numerical simulations indicate that the new microwave heating system will allow the extension of the previous RF studies to the GHz range. In particular, the electron cyclotron resonance heating of the electrons will be aimed to increasing the electron temperature, and possibly its density as a consequence of a higher ionization rate of the residual gas. The installation of the new RF system will open up the possibility to study, e.g., the interaction between the confined plasma and traveling electron bunches.
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Berton, Stefano. "Numerical simulation of the durability mechanics of cement-based materials /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Vedin, Jörgen. "Numerical modeling of auroral processes." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Physics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1117.

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One of the most conspicuous problems in space physics for the last decades has been to theoretically describe how the large parallel electric fields on auroral field lines can be generated. There is strong observational evidence of such electric fields, and stationary theory supports the need for electric fields accelerating electrons to the ionosphere where they generate auroras. However, dynamic models have not been able to reproduce these electric fields. This thesis sheds some light on this incompatibility and shows that the missing ingredient in previous dynamic models is a correct description of the electron temperature. As the electrons accelerate towards the ionosphere, their velocity along the magnetic field line will increase. In the converging magnetic field lines, the mirror force will convert much of the parallel velocity into perpendicular velocity. The result of the acceleration and mirroring will be a velocity distribution with a significantly higher temperature in the auroral acceleration region than above. The enhanced temperature corresponds to strong electron pressure gradients that balance the parallel electric fields. Thus, in regions with electron acceleration along converging magnetic field lines, the electron temperature increase is a fundamental process and must be included in any model that aims to describe the build up of parallel electric fields. The development of such a model has been hampered by the difficulty to describe the temperature variation. This thesis shows that a local equation of state cannot be used, but the electron temperature variations must be descibed as a nonlocal response to the state of the auroral flux tube. The nonlocal response can be accomplished by the particle-fluid model presented in this thesis. This new dynamic model is a combination of a fluid model and a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) model and results in large parallel electric fields consistent with in-situ observations.

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Chong, Antonio. "Numerical modelling and stability analysis of non-smooth dynamical systems vie ABESPOL." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231038.

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Books on the topic "PIC numerical simulations"

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Harbaugh, John W., W. Lynn Watney, Eugene C. Rankey, Rudy Slingerland, Robert H. Goldstein, and Evan K. Franseen. Numerical Experiments in StratigraphyRecent Advances in Stratigraphic and Sedimentologic Computer Simulations. SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/pec.99.62.

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Book chapters on the topic "PIC numerical simulations"

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Xu, Xinlu. "Numerical Instability Due to Relativistic Plasma Drift in EM-PIC Simulations." In Springer Theses, 87–118. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2381-6_5.

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Chen, Shilin. "Factors Affecting PDC Bit Directional Behaviors: Numerical Simulation and Applications." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 117–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7560-5_11.

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Wang, Yawei, Hui Li, Ningshan Jiang, and Chengkui Liu. "Numerical simulation of root slope under rainfall based on PFC." In Advances in Energy Materials and Environment Engineering, 626–32. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003332664-88.

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Gade, Sachin, Mahesh Kumbhar, and Sanjay Pardeshi. "Numerical Approximation of Caputo Definition and Simulation of Fractional PID Controller." In Cybernetics, Cognition and Machine Learning Applications, 177–93. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1632-0_17.

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Gong, Shen, Guojun Cai, Songyu Liu, and Anand J. Puppala. "Numerical Simulation of Bearing Capacity and Consolidation Characteristics of PHC Pile Foundation." In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics, 178–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0122-3_20.

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Nadolski, M., M. Rezay Haghdoost, J. A. T. Gray, D. Edgington-Mitchell, K. Oberleithner, and R. Klein. "Validation of Under-Resolved Numerical Simulations of the PDC Exhaust Flow Based on High Speed Schlieren." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 237–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98177-2_15.

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Shi, Xinlei, and Shaofeng Wang. "DEM-Based Numerical Simulation of Rock Cutting Process Using Conical Pick Under Confining Stress Influence." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 133–38. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1257-1_19.

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Huang, Bin, Hong-jian Ni, Heng Zhang, Shu-bin Liu, and Fan Yu. "Experiments and 3D Numerical Simulation Study on the Vibration Characteristics of PDC Bits During Rock Breaking." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 121–33. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0256-5_10.

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Chernykh, Igor, Igor Kulikov, Vitaly Vshivkov, Anna Efimova, Dmitry Weins, Ivan Chernoshtanov, and Marina Boronina. "The Impact of Vectorization on the Efficiency of a Parallel PIC Code for Numerical Simulation of Plasma Dynamics in Open Trap." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 254–61. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-81247-7_21.

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Wang, Yuechang, Ying Liu, and Yuming Wang. "A method for improving the capability of convergence of numerical lubrication simulation by using the PID controller." In Advances in Mechanism and Machine Science, 3845–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20131-9_381.

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Conference papers on the topic "PIC numerical simulations"

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Li, X., L. Chen, T. Yu, Y. Wang, and X. Zhang. "PIC-MCC numerical simulation of volt-ampere characteristics for microcavity plasma transistor switches." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS), 1. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icops58192.2024.10625853.

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Li, Xubin, Joseph Yan, and Jiyan Zou. "Numerical Simulation of Post-arc Current in Vacuum Circuit Breakers based on PIC-MCC and CTM." In 2024 7th International Conference on Electric Power Equipment - Switching Technology (ICEPE-ST), 724–27. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icepe-st61894.2024.10792648.

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Nguyen, K. T., E. G. Zaidman, and A. K. Ganguly. "Numerical simulations of gyro-devices with hybrid-PIC formulation." In International Conference on Plasma Science (papers in summary form only received). IEEE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.1995.531466.

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Bryson, R., D. C. Speirs, M. K. A. D. R. Phelps, S. L. McConville, K. M. Gillespie, K. Ronald, I. Vorgul, R. A. Cairns, and R. Bingham. "Numerical simulations of the anomalous Doppler resonance using pic code vorpal." In 2012 IEEE 39th International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2012.6383816.

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Aldan, M. P., and J. P. Verboncoeur. "Numerical particle heating and diffusion correlated to interpolation-induced divergence in a static magnetic field for PIC simulations." In 2012 IEEE 39th International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2012.6383817.

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Snider, Dale, Ken Williams, and Robert A. Johnson. "Multiphase Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Dense-Phase Flows in Cyclone Separators." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56665.

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An Eulerian-Lagrangian numerical method is used to simulate the cyclone separator experiment by Hoffmann [1] which is operated under low solid loadings. Comparisons are made with data from for overall separation efficiency and on a size-distribution basis, i.e., ‘cut-grade’. The Arena-flow computational approach is a transient, three-dimensional multiphase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) numerical method where the dynamics of both the continuum fluid and millions of discrete particle ‘clouds’ are solved using Eulerian and Lagrangian representations, respectively. The Arena-flow software allows for any distribution of particle types, sizes, and density. The three-dimensional transient simulations show excellent agreement with measured data which have cyclone efficiencies on the order of 85%. The CFD analysis reveal details that cannot be experimentally measured, such as internal particle size segregation, wall effects, vortex entrainment, particle-to-particle interactions and agglomeration.
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Kotteda, V. M. Krushnarao, Antara Badhan, and Vinod Kumar. "Parametric Optimization of a Dry Powder Inhaler." In ASME 2020 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2020 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2020 18th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2020-20391.

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Abstract In the present study, particles in cell method, a Eulerian-Lagrangian approach is used to simulate the flow in an inhaler. The number of uncertain parameters, including properties of particles, fluidizing agents’ properties, initial/boundary conditions, and numerical parameters related to PIC simulations, is fourteen. The residence time of 280 PIC simulations for different values of the uncertain parameters is used to test/train a data-driven framework. The values of the uncertain parameters are generated via the Latin Hypercube Sampling method and a normal distribution. The trained algorithm is used to predict the residence time for various unknown parameters. This framework is used to carry out the sensitivity analysis to find the most influential settings on the residence time of the particles in the inhaler. The optimum parameters of the influential parameters for a given residence time is calculated via the data-driven framework.
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Williams, K. A., D. M. Snider, J. R. Torczynski, S. M. Trujillo, and T. J. O’Hern. "Multiphase Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Flow in a Gas-Solid Riser." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56594.

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The commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code Arena-flow is used to simulate the transient, three-dimensional flow in a gas-solid riser at Sandia National Laboratories. Arena-flow uses a multiphase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) numerical method. The gas flow is treated in an Eulerian manner, and the particle flow is represented in a Lagrangian manner by large numbers of discrete particle clouds with distributions of particle properties. Simulations are performed using the experimental values of the gas superficial velocity and the solids mass flux in the riser. Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) particles are investigated. The experimental and computed pressure and solid-volume-fraction distributions are compared and found to be in reasonable agreement although the experimental results exhibit more variation along the height of the riser than the computational results do. An extensive study is performed to assess the sensitivity of the computational results to a wide range of physical and numerical parameters. The computational results are seen to be robust. Thus, the uncertainties in these parameters cannot account for the differences between the experimental and computational results.
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Chaisiriroj, Pongchalat, and Robert B. Stone. "Performance Analysis of AutomataScales to Support Early Design Decisions." In ASME 2024 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2024-142145.

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Abstract In this paper, we present a comprehensive study and performance analysis on the AutomataScales simulations method focusing on electric propulsion systems for deep space missions. These applications require precise and time efficient simulations. However, traditional simulation methods such as Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method facing challenges from computationally intensive (2.5–21 days), memory demands (random-access memory or RAM and CPU), and steep learning curve for researchers. These limitations reduce their effectiveness in resource-constrained environments. For instance, each GB of RAM consumes approximately 0.1875 watts which resulting in more power consumption ranging from 87.1 to 145.2 MW per simulation run. The AutomataScales method combines discretization techniques with cellular automata and a multi-layer, multi-resolution approaches. This method offers a powerful tool to model complex multiphysics interactions and utilizing hybrid numerical scheme (discrete and continuous) with lower computational time and memory usage. The method depicts intricate and accurate behaviors in various types of particle trajectory (ionized particles, primary and secondary electrons) and plasma physics (particle collision and ionization). It provides a scalable and adaptable framework for multiphysics simulations with almost real-time simulation (0.1 second per time step). A key aspect of our research is the computational efficiency of AutomataScales. Our results show that the method can achieve up to 36.9 times faster, and 2.1 times less physical memory (RAM) compared to commercial simulation tools such as COMSOL Multiphysics® software. This substantial reduction in computational resources make AutomataScales more efficient and accessible for researchers to explore broader design variables in their early design process with or without computational constraints.
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Voskerchyan, Vahram, Yu Tian, Francisco M. Soares, and Francisco J. Diaz-Otero. "Flexible and Highly Scalable LiDAR for an FMCW LiDAR PIC based on Grating Couplers." In 2021 International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices (NUSOD). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nusod52207.2021.9541491.

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Reports on the topic "PIC numerical simulations"

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Luckett, DeBorah C., Andrew L. Bowman, Andrew M. Lessel, Brett A. Williams, Dane N. Wedgeworth, Travis L. Thornell, Jesse A. Sherburn, and J. Kent Newman. High-Rate Characterization and Modeling of a Hyperelastic Block Copolymer Subjected to Ballistic Impact. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, September 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/49416.

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polystyrene-polyisobutylene-polystyrene star-block copolymer (PS-PIB-PS) is a thermoplastic elastomer with visco hyperelastic characteristics that displays a high level of toughness and performs well in shock attenuating applications. The research goal is to investigate experimentally and numerically the capacity of PS-PIB-PS to dissipate kinetic energy and examine its deformation and failure modes under impact by spherical steel projectiles at speed ranges of 200–1,700 m/s. First, PS-PIB-PS is characterized using a Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar to measure high strain rate response and calibrate a hyperelastic material model. Second, ballistics tests are conducted on 12 in. × 12 in. PS-PIB-PS targets with various thicknesses to determine the ballistic limit and residual velocity (Vr) versus impact velocity (Vi) relationship. Finally, ALE3D is used to model the ballistic response and capture the extreme deformation observed during testing. During ballistic impact tests, significant deformation occurred on the backside of polymer targets, followed by perforation of the polymer, culminating with retraction and recovery of the polymer in a self-healing manner. Numerical simulations captured the deformation behavior during impact and predicted the Vr versus Vi response with high accuracy. This research provides a method of modeling hyperelastic materials subjected to ballistic impact and provides a better understanding of energy dissipation of these materials.
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Rahai, Hamid, Assma Begum, Jeremy Bonifacio, and Ryan Moffit. Experimental Investigations of Wind Shear from Passing a Vehicle. Mineta Transportation Institute, December 2024. https://doi.org/10.31979/mti.2024.2334.

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Wind energy can be harnessed for various commercial and transportation-related applications. This study assessed experimentally the potential of capturing wind energy from the passage of vehicles for electric power generation. Both wind tunnel experiments and field tests were performed. The wind tunnel experiments were performed in an open-circuit low-speed wind tunnel at a free-stream mean velocity of 23 m/s. Five PVC pipes placed adjacent to the wind-blowing domain were used to simulate the columns under a freeway overpass. A scaled Ahmad body (simplified car body model) was used as the vehicle. The spanwise distance between the Ahmad body and the tubes was 0.75 W where W is the width of the vehicle. The middle tube was used as a reference tube for circumferential and vertical pressure measurements. The streamwise locations of the vehicle were according to our previous transient numerical simulations as the vehicle approached and passed the columns at 0.1–0.5 sec. Results showed a significant potential of the transient wind generated from passing vehicles and identified optimized locations for harnessing this wind for electric power generation. Field tests were performed using a moving scaled Ahmad body. The vehicle speed was approximately 22 miles/hr (10 m/s.). Wind measurements were made up to 0.75 W adjacent to a vertical wall with static and total pressure taps. Results verified the corresponding wind tunnel results and showed a maximum transient wind of 10 m/s from the passing of the vehicle. These results were in agreement with our previous simulation results. The experiment results suggest great potential for harnessing the wind from vehicles to generate electric power, benefiting California's renewable energy goals.
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Agudelo Urrego, Luz María, Chatuphat Savigamin, Devansh Gandhi, Ghadir Haikal, and Antonio Bobet. Assessment of Pipe Fill Heights. Purdue University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317612.

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The design of buried pipes, in terms of the allowable minimum and maximum cover heights, requires the use of both geotechnical and structural design procedures. The geotechnical procedure focuses on estimating the load on the pipe and the compressibility of the foundation soil. The focus of the structural design is choosing the correct cross-section details of the pipe under consideration. The uncertainties of the input parameters and installation procedures are significant. Because of that, the Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) method is considered to be suitable for the design of buried pipes. Furthermore, the interaction between the pipe structure and surrounding soil is better captured by implementing soil-structure interaction in a finite element numerical solution technique. The minimum cover height is highly dependent on the anticipated traffic load, whereas the maximum cover height is controlled by the section properties of the pipe and the installation type. The project focuses on the determination of the maximum cover heights for lock-seam CSP, HDPE, PVC, polypropylene, spiral bound steel, aluminum alloy, steel pipe lock seam and riveted, steel pipe and aluminum arch lock seam and riveted, non-reinforced concrete, ribbed and smooth wall polyethylene, smooth wall PVC, vitrified clay, structural plate steel or aluminum alloy pipe, and structural plate pipe arch steel, or aluminum alloy pipes. The calculations are done with the software CANDE, a 2D plane strain FEM code that is well-accepted for designing and analyzing buried pipes, that employs the LRFD method. Plane strain and beam elements are used for the soil and pipe, respectively, while interface elements are placed at the contact between the pipe and the surrounding soil. The Duncan-Selig model is employed for the soil, while the pipe is assumed to be elastic. Results of the numerical simulations for the maximum fill for each type and size of pipe are included in the form of tables and figures.
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Zheng, Jinhui, Matteo Ciantia, and Jonathan Knappett. On the efficiency of coupled discrete-continuum modelling analyses of cemented materials. University of Dundee, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001236.

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Computational load of discrete element modelling (DEM) simulations is known to increase with the number of particles. To improve the computational efficiency hybrid methods using continuous elements in the far-field, have been developed to decrease the number of discrete particles required for the model. In the present work, the performance of using such coupling methods is investigated. In particular, the coupled wall method, known as the “wall-zone” method when coupling DEM and the continuum Finite Differences Method (FDM) using the Itasca commercial codes PFC and FLAC respectively, is here analysed. To determine the accuracy and the efficiency of such a coupling approach, 3-point bending tests of cemented materials are simulated numerically. To validate the coupling accuracy first the elastic response of the beam is considered. The advantage of employing such a coupling method is then investigated by loading the beam until failure. Finally, comparing the results between DEM, DEM-FDM coupled and FDM models, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are outlined.
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Liu and Nixon. L52305 Probabilistic Analysis of Pipeline Uplift Resistance. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0000002.

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To investigate the feasibility of probabilistic analyses of the peak uplift resistance in frozen soils by varying parameters that are known to be important for the development of the uplift resistance under the upward movement of a pipe. A buried pipeline will be subjected to a variety of forces, both internal and external, including the interaction of the pipe with the surrounding soil. The soil-pipe interaction in permafrost regions have to account for the behavior of frozen and unfrozen soil, and transitions between the two as the pipeline traverses in a discontinuous permafrost zone. The variations in the properties and behavior of frozen soils are expected to be substantial in three dimensions of the Right-of-Way (ROW) and with time (seasonal fluctuations and changes with the history of pipeline operation). Given the uncertainties with frozen soil properties and the changes in behavior with time and location, a large variation in soil-pipe interaction characteristics can exist. The uplift resistance of a pipeline is one of these soil-pipe interactions that can be impacted by a variation in soil condition and state. A need was identified to outline the use of a probabilistic analysis of pipe uplift resistance in an attempt to capture the magnitude of these variations and uncertainties of frozen soil and the impact on the soil-pipe interaction. The probabilistic analysis allows the designer of a pipeline to consider a range of uplift resistance to a certain confidence level that would represent the likely values that a pipe may be subjected to. The work presented in this report is more focused on the methodology of the probabilistic approach, rather than the analysis itself for a specific design case, even though an example is provided for illustration purposes. A series of numerical simulations using Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC) were completed varying one parameter with each run to develop a library of peak uplift resistances for a variety of different temperatures, soil properties and pipe parameters. The FLAC model was previously developed for PRC, a summary of this report is provided here to outline important parameters that were used to complete this analysis. The simulations were used to develop a correlation of peak uplift resistance as a function of soil tensile strain limit, modulus of deformation, and creep of frozen soils. Each of these parameters is dependent of the pipeline conditions such as temperature, displacement rate, and effective frozen cover depth. It is noted that the scope of the work was to develop a probabilistic method of estimating peak uplift resistance in frozen soils. Even though some sensitivity analysis were carried out, as outlined later in this report, to assess the impacts of the variable, detailed uncertainty analysis or risk assessment were not performed.
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STUDY ON SEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF TRAPEZOIDAL CORRUGATED STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALL STRUCTURE WITH PEC COLUMN. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2023.19.2.8.

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This paper has carried out experimental and numerical research on the hysteretic characteristics of a corrugated steel plate shear wall which has a partially encased composite (PEC) column (PEC-CSPSW). Two single layer PEC-CSPSW cycle tests were conducted. For the sake of simulating the experimental results, the writer made a numerical model and verified it. The capacity of energy dissipation and failure mode of the structure were studied. The results displayed the PEC-CSPSWs had excellent bearing capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation feature, and the bearing capacity declined gradully. The PEC composite column could heighten the frame column’s stiffness, enhance the steel plate anchoring effect , and then give full play to its post-buckling strength. The effects of the thickness, wavelength, wave height of the corrugated steel plate, and the strength of concrete on the lateral force resistance were analyzed. The results indicated that, under the rational parameter design, the CSPSW proposed in this paper had a high bearing capacity and strong energy dissipation feature. Besides, it was an ideal lateral force resisting and energy dissipation member.
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