Academic literature on the topic 'Phytophthora'

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Journal articles on the topic "Phytophthora"

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Midgley, Kayla A., Noëlani van den Berg, and Velushka Swart. "Unraveling Plant Cell Death during Phytophthora Infection." Microorganisms 10, no. 6 (May 31, 2022): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10061139.

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Oomycetes form a distinct phylogenetic lineage of fungus-like eukaryotic microorganisms, of which several hundred organisms are considered among the most devastating plant pathogens—especially members of the genus Phytophthora. Phytophthora spp. have a large repertoire of effectors that aid in eliciting a susceptible response in host plants. What is of increasing interest is the involvement of Phytophthora effectors in regulating programed cell death (PCD)—in particular, the hypersensitive response. There have been numerous functional characterization studies, which demonstrate Phytophthora effectors either inducing or suppressing host cell death, which may play a crucial role in Phytophthora’s ability to regulate their hemi-biotrophic lifestyle. Despite several advances in techniques used to identify and characterize Phytophthora effectors, knowledge is still lacking for some important species, including Phytophthora cinnamomi. This review discusses what the term PCD means and the gap in knowledge between pathogenic and developmental forms of PCD in plants. We also discuss the role cell death plays in the virulence of Phytophthora spp. and the effectors that have so far been identified as playing a role in cell death manipulation. Finally, we touch on the different techniques available to study effector functions, such as cell death induction/suppression.
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Vélez, María Laura, Ludmila La Manna, Manuela Tarabini, Federico Gomez, Matt Elliott, Pete E. Hedley, Peter Cock, and Alina Greslebin. "Phytophthora austrocedri in Argentina and Co-Inhabiting Phytophthoras: Roles of Anthropogenic and Abiotic Factors in Species Distribution and Diversity." Forests 11, no. 11 (November 20, 2020): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11111223.

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This work reports the first survey of Phytophthora diversity in the forests soils of Andean Patagonia. It also discusses the role of anthropogenic impact on Phytophthora distribution inferred from the findings on Phytophthora diversity and on the distribution of Phytophthora austrocedri-diseased forests. Invasive pathogen species threatening ecosystems and human activities contribute to their entry and spread. Information on pathogens already established, and early detection of potential invasive ones, are crucial to disease management and prevention. Phytophthora austrocedri causes the most damaging forest disease in Patagonia, affecting the endemic species Austrocedrus chilensis (D. Don) Pic. Sern. and Bizzarri. However, the relationship between anthropogenic impacts and the disease distribution has not been analyzed enough. The aims of this work were: to evaluate Phytophthora diversity in soils of Andean Patagonia using a metabarcoding method, and analyze this information in relation to soil type and land use; to assess the distribution of Austrocedrus disease over time in relation to anthropogenic and abiotic gradients in an area of interest; and to discuss the role of human activities in Phytophthora spread. High throughput Illumina sequencing was used to detect Phytophthora DNA in soil samples. The distribution of Austrocedrus disease over time was assessed by satellite imagery interpretation. Twenty-three Phytophthora species, 12 of which were new records for Argentina, were detected. The most abundant species was P. austrocedri, followed by P. × cambivora, P. ramorum and P. kernoviae. The most frequent was P. × cambivora, followed by P. austrocedri and P. ramorum. Phytophthora richness and abundance, and Austrocedrus disease distribution, were influenced by land use, anthropogenic impact and soil drainage. Results showed several Phytophthoras, including well-known pathogenic species. The threat they could present to Patagonian ecosystems and their relations to human activities are discussed. This study evidenced the need of management measures to control the spread of P. austrocedri and other invasive Phytophthora species in Patagonia.
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Frankel, Susan J., Christa Conforti, Janell Hillman, Mia Ingolia, Alisa Shor, Diana Benner, Janice M. Alexander, Elizabeth Bernhardt, and Tedmund J. Swiecki. "Phytophthora Introductions in Restoration Areas: Responding to Protect California Native Flora from Human-Assisted Pathogen Spread." Forests 11, no. 12 (November 30, 2020): 1291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11121291.

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Over the past several years, plantings of California native plant nursery stock in restoration areas have become recognized as a pathway for invasive species introductions, in particular Phytophthora pathogens, including first in the U.S. detections (Phytophthora tentaculata, Phytophthora quercina), new taxa, new hybrid species, and dozens of other soilborne species. Restoration plantings may be conducted in high-value and limited habitats to sustain or re-establish rare plant populations. Once established, Phytophthora pathogens infest the site and are very difficult to eradicate or manage—they degrade the natural resources the plantings were intended to enhance. To respond to unintended Phytophthora introductions, vegetation ecologists took a variety of measures to prevent pathogen introduction and spread, including treating infested areas by solarization, suspending plantings, switching to direct seeding, applying stringent phytosanitation requirements on contracted nursery stock, and building their own nursery for clean plant production. These individual or collective actions, loosely coordinated by the Phytophthoras in Native Habitats Work Group ensued as demands intensified for protection from the inadvertent purchase of infected plants from commercial native plant nurseries. Regulation and management of the dozens of Phytophthora species and scores of plant hosts present a challenge to the state, county, and federal agriculture officials and to the ornamental and restoration nursery industries. To rebuild confidence in the health of restoration nursery stock and prevent further Phytophthora introductions, a voluntary, statewide accreditation pilot project is underway which, upon completion of validation, is planned for statewide implementation.
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Green, Sarah, David E. L. Cooke, Mike Dunn, Louise Barwell, Bethan Purse, Daniel S. Chapman, Gregory Valatin, et al. "PHYTO-THREATS: Addressing Threats to UK Forests and Woodlands from Phytophthora; Identifying Risks of Spread in Trade and Methods for Mitigation." Forests 12, no. 12 (November 23, 2021): 1617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12121617.

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The multidisciplinary ‘Phyto-threats’ project was initiated in 2016 to address the increasing risks to UK forest and woodland ecosystems from trade-disseminated Phytophthora. A major component of this project was to examine the risk of Phytophthora spread through nursery and trade practices. Close to 4000 water and root samples were collected from plant nurseries located across the UK over a three-year period. Approximately half of the samples tested positive for Phytophthora DNA using a metabarcoding approach with 63 Phytophthora species identified across nurseries, including quarantine-regulated pathogens and species not previously reported in the UK. Phytophthora diversity within nurseries was linked to high-risk management practices such as use of open rather than closed water sources. Analyses of global Phytophthora risks identified biological traits and trade pathways that explained global spread and host range, and which may be of value for horizon-scanning. Phytophthoras having a higher oospore wall index and faster growth rates had wider host ranges, whereas cold-tolerant species had broader geographic and latitudinal ranges. Annual workshops revealed how stakeholder and sector ‘appetite’ for nursery accreditation increased over three years, although an exploratory cost-benefit analysis indicated that the predicted benefits of introducing best practice expected by nurseries outweigh their costs only when a wider range of pests and diseases (for example, Xylella) is considered. However, scenario analyses demonstrated the significant potential carbon costs to society from the introduction and spread of a new tree-infecting Phytophthora: Thus, the overall net benefit to society from nurseries adopting best practice could be substantial.
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Ryder, J. M., N. W. Waipara, and B. R. Burns. "What is the host range of Phytophthora agathidicida in New Zealand." New Zealand Plant Protection 69 (January 8, 2016): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2016.69.5925.

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Phytophthora agathidicida is a virulent oomycete plant pathogen which is currently known to only infect Agathis australis in New Zealand Phytophthora species rarely have a single plant host so other hosts for P agathidicida are likely but unknown Phytophthora species are also often cryptic and sometimes asymptomatic on their host plants making it a challenge to identify their true host range Once an exotic Phytophthora species is introduced to an area it becomes virtually impossible to eliminate A sound understanding of a Phytophthoras epidemiology is needed to prevent its spread onto uninfected hosts This study determined whether P agathidicida has a wider host range than currently recognised Plant community composition was compared between healthy and infected kauri forest to detect possible susceptible species and detached leaf assays were utilised as a further screen of possible hosts Results showed a significant difference in species abundances between sites infected with P agathidicida and sites without P agathidicida that was unrelated to other potential variables Leaf assays also indicated several other native plant species other than A australis as possible carriers or hosts including Knightia excelsa and Leucopogon fasciculatus Identifying the host range of P agathidicida is important for optimising the design of future control strategies for this pathogen
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Erwin, Donald C., J. A. Lucas, R. C. Shattock, D. S. Shaw, and L. R. Cooke. "Phytophthora." Mycologia 84, no. 4 (July 1992): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3760340.

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Clark, D. D. "Phytophthora." Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 40, no. 6 (June 1992): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0885-5765(92)90035-t.

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McGowan, Jamie, Richard O’Hanlon, Rebecca A. Owens, and David A. Fitzpatrick. "Comparative Genomic and Proteomic Analyses of Three Widespread Phytophthora Species: Phytophthora chlamydospora, Phytophthora gonapodyides and Phytophthora pseudosyringae." Microorganisms 8, no. 5 (April 30, 2020): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8050653.

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The Phytophthora genus includes some of the most devastating plant pathogens. Here we report draft genome sequences for three ubiquitous Phytophthora species—Phytophthora chlamydospora, Phytophthora gonapodyides, and Phytophthora pseudosyringae. Phytophthora pseudosyringae is an important forest pathogen that is abundant in Europe and North America. Phytophthora chlamydospora and Ph. gonapodyides are globally widespread species often associated with aquatic habitats. They are both regarded as opportunistic plant pathogens. The three sequenced genomes range in size from 45 Mb to 61 Mb. Similar to other oomycete species, tandem gene duplication appears to have played an important role in the expansion of effector arsenals. Comparative analysis of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) across 44 oomycete genomes indicates that oomycete lifestyles may be linked to CAZyme repertoires. The mitochondrial genome sequence of each species was also determined, and their gene content and genome structure were compared. Using mass spectrometry, we characterised the extracellular proteome of each species and identified large numbers of proteins putatively involved in pathogenicity and osmotrophy. The mycelial proteome of each species was also characterised using mass spectrometry. In total, the expression of approximately 3000 genes per species was validated at the protein level. These genome resources will be valuable for future studies to understand the behaviour of these three widespread Phytophthora species.
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Hansen, E. M., P. W. Reeser, and W. Sutton. "Phytophthora borealis and Phytophthora riparia, new species in Phytophthora ITS Clade 6." Mycologia 104, no. 5 (July 9, 2012): 1133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3852/11-349.

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Dort, Erika N., and Richard C. Hamelin. "Heterogeneity in establishment of polyethylene glycol-mediated plasmid transformations for five forest pathogenic Phytophthora species." PLOS ONE 19, no. 9 (September 10, 2024): e0306158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306158.

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Plasmid-mediated DNA transformation is a foundational molecular technique and the basis for most CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing systems. While plasmid transformations are well established for many agricultural Phytophthora pathogens, development of this technique in forest Phytophthoras is lacking. Given our long-term research objective to develop CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in a forest pathogenic Phytophthora species, we sought to establish the functionality of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated plasmid transformation in five species: P. cactorum, P. cinnamomi, P. cryptogea, P. ramorum, and P. syringae. We used the agricultural pathogen P. sojae, a species for which PEG-mediated transformations are well-established, as a transformation control. Using a protocol previously optimized for P. sojae, we tested transformations in the five forest Phytophthoras with three different plasmids: two developed for CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing and one developed for fluorescent protein tagging. Out of the five species tested, successful transformation, as indicated by stable growth of transformants on a high concentration of antibiotic selective growth medium and diagnostic PCR, was achieved only with P. cactorum and P. ramorum. However, while transformations in P. cactorum were consistent and stable, transformations in P. ramorum were highly variable and yielded transformants with very weak mycelial growth and abnormal morphology. Our results indicate that P. cactorum is the best candidate to move forward with CRISPR-Cas9 protocol development and provide insight for future optimization of plasmid transformations in forest Phytophthoras.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Phytophthora"

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Mullins, P. J. "Protoplasts from Phytophthora." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381366.

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Renfrow, Crystal. "Phytophthora in Arizona Citrus." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622384.

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Antelo, Luis. "Glucan synthase of Phytophthora sojae." Diss., lmu, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-12301.

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Chambers, Susan M. "Phytophthora root rot of chestnut /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc4449.pdf.

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Smith, Christine E. "The genetics of Phytophthora infestans." Thesis, Bangor University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357832.

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Harrison, Brenda Jean. "The genetics of Phytophthora infestans." Thesis, Bangor University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278736.

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Finlay, Annabelle Ruth. "Microbial suppression of Phytophthora cinnamomi." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317116.

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Permanandani, Jagdish Assandas. "Somatic variations in Phytophthora drechsleri." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.291879.

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Khaliq, Ihsanul. "Range expansion of Phytophthora, particularly Phytophthora cinnamomi into colder environments: adaptation, a changing environment or both?" Thesis, Khaliq, Ihsanul (2019) Range expansion of Phytophthora, particularly Phytophthora cinnamomi into colder environments: adaptation, a changing environment or both? PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2019. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/43119/.

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Alpine and sub-alpine regions were long considered free of Phytophthora species, especially Phytophthora cinnamomi due to restrictions on their growth from low temperatures. However, P. cinnamomi was isolated from a sub-alpine area ‘Barrington Tops National Park’ in the 1990s. Subsequent Australia wide surveys detected 68 Phytophthora species in Australia. Of these, 33 Phytophthora species, including P. cinnamomi, were detected in the alpine and sub-alpine areas on Kosciuszko National Park (KNP) alone. This suggested that Phytophthora species had adapted to cold environments. This project investigated the ability of Phytophthora species to produce infective propagules (zoospores) and cause disease at increasingly lower temperatures. Phytophthora cinnamomi was selected as a ‘test’ species due to its national and international significance. Initially, preliminary surveys were conducted in the sub-alpine and alpine areas of KNP and Tasmania to obtain living Phytophthora isolates. The lower temperature limit for growth and sporulation of Mediterranean (one isolate was from a sub-alpine area) P. cinnamomi isolates was determined and phenotypic plasticity experiments were established in an attempt to ‘train’ them to produce infective propagules and cause disease at increasingly lower temperatures. Finally, the distribution patterns of Phytophthora and vascular plants species in relation to disturbance and elevation were determined across elevation gradients in KNP. Preliminary surveys resulted in the isolation of eight Phytophthora species, including two new species that were formally described. Phytophthora cinnamomi was shown to produce infective propagules at temperatures lower (7.5 °C) than originally established (10 °C), and in a shorter time compared to original isolates when ‘trained’ under cold conditions. This suggests that P. cinnamomi responds rapidly to selection pressure and adapts to new environments. Although P. cinnamomi produced infective propagules at 7.5 °C, the pathogen could not be isolated from plants grown at 7.5 °C after three months. Therefore, more work is required to establish disease development at 7.5 °C and below. Results of surveys along elevation gradients showed Phytophthora and vascular plant species exhibited a linearly monotonic decline with increasing elevation on roads, but not in native vegetation. However, the elevation range of Phytophthora species was higher than vascular plants on both roads and in native vegetation. Phytophthora species did not show any habitat preference and exhibited similar composition and frequency on roads and in native vegetation; vascular plants showed the opposite trend with greater frequency in native vegetation. This suggests that Phytophthora richness at the plot level mimics that of vascular plants. A changing climate may permit invasion by other Phytophthora species not yet present.
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McCarren, Kathryn. "Saprophytic ability and the contribution of chlamydospores and oospores to the survival of Phytophthora cinnamomi." Thesis, McCarren, Kathryn (2006) Saprophytic ability and the contribution of chlamydospores and oospores to the survival of Phytophthora cinnamomi. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/190/.

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Phytophthora cinnamomi has been recognised as a key threatening process to Australia's biodiversity by the Commonwealth's Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. Despite over 80 years of extensive research, its exact mode of survival is still poorly understood. It is widely accepted that thin- and thick-walled chlamydospores are the main survival propagules while oospores are assumed to play no role in the survival of the pathogen in the Australian environment, yet evidence is limited. The saprophytic ability of the pathogen is still unresolved despite the important role this could play in the ability of the pathogen to survive in the absence of susceptible hosts. This thesis aimed to investigate chlamydospores, oospores and the saprophytic ability of P. cinnamomi to determine their contribution to survival. Phytophthora cinnamomi did not show saprophytic ability in non-sterile soils. The production of thick-walled chlamydospores and selfed oospores of P. cinnamomi in vitro was documented. Thick-walled chlamydospores were sporadically formed under sterile and non-sterile conditions in vitro but exact conditions for stimulating their formation could not be determined. The formation of thick-walled chlamydospores emerging from mycelium of similar wall thickness was observed, challenging the current knowledge of chlamydospore formation. Selfed oospores were abundant in vitro on modified Ribeiro's minimal medium in one isolate. Three other isolates tested also produced oospores but not in large numbers. Although the selfed oospores did not germinate on a range of media, at least 16 % were found to be viable using Thiozolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide staining and staining of the nuclei with 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole.2HCl (DAPI). This indicated the potential of selfed oospores as survival structures and their ability to exist dormantly. The ability of phosphite to kill chlamydospores and selfed oospores was studied in vitro. Results challenged the efficacy of this chemical and revealed the necessity for further study of its effect on survival propagules of P. cinnamomi in the natural environment. Phosphite was shown to induce dormancy in thin-walled chlamydospores if present during their formation in vitro. Interestingly, dormancy was only induced by phosphite in isolates previously reported as sensitive to phosphite and not those reported as tolerant. Chlamydospores were produced uniformly across the radius of the colony on control modified Ribeiro's minimal medium but on medium containing phosphite (40 or 100 mcg ml-1), chlamydospore production was initially inhibited before being stimulated during the log phase of growth. This corresponded to a point in the colony morphology where mycelial density changed from tightly packed mycelium to sparse on medium containing phosphite. This change in morphology did not occur when the pathogen was grown on liquid media refreshed every four days, and chlamydospores were evenly distributed across the radius of these colonies. This trend was not observed in selfed oospores produced in the presence of phosphite. Selfed oospore production was found to be inhibited by phosphite at the same concentrations that stimulated chlamydospore production. Isolates of P. cinnamomi were transformed using a protoplast/ polyethylene glycol method to contain the Green Fluorescent Protein and geneticin resistance genes to aid in future studies on survival properties of the organism. Although time constraints meant the stability of the transgene could not be determined, it was effective in differentiating propagules of the transformed P. cinnamomi from spores of other microrganisms in a non-sterile environment. Two different sized chlamydospores (approximately 30 mcg diameter and < 20 mcg diameter) were observed in preliminary trials of transformed P. cinnamomi inoculated lupin roots floated in non-sterile soil extracts and these were easily distinguished from microbial propagules of other species. The growth and pathogenicity was reduced in two putative transformants and their ability to fluoresce declined over ten subcultures but they still remained resistant to geneticin. This study has improved our knowledge on the survival abilities of P. cinnamomi in vitro and has provided a useful tool for studying these abilities under more natural glasshouse conditions. Important implications of phosphite as a control have been raised.
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Books on the topic "Phytophthora"

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Gerth, Monica L., and Rosie E. Bradshaw, eds. Phytophthora. New York, NY: Springer US, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-4330-3.

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K, Ribeiro Olaf, ed. Phytophthora diseases worldwide. St. Paul, Minn: APS Press, 1996.

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Lamour, K., ed. Phytophthora: a global perspective. Wallingford: CABI, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781780640938.0000.

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Chowdappa, P. Phytophthora: An Indian perspective. New Delhi: Today and Tomorrow's Printers and Publishers, 2016.

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Lamour, Kurt. Phytophthora: A global perspective. Wallingford: CABI, 2013.

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Parke, Jennifer Lee. Phytophthora ramorum: A guide for Oregon nurseries. [Corvallis, Or.]: Oregon State University, Extension Service, 2003.

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André, Drenth, Guest David I, and Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research., eds. Diversity and management of Phytophthora in Southeast Asia. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, 2004.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Phytophthora ramorum: Stopping the spread. [United States]: USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2005.

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Jacob, Mathew. Phytophthora diseases of plantation crops. Edited by Rubber Research Institute of India. New Delhi: Westville Publishing House, 2015.

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N, Gibbs J., Dijk C. van, Webber Joan F, Great Britain Forest Research, and Great Britain Forestry Commission, eds. Phytophthora disease of alder in Europe. Edinburgh: Forestry Commission, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Phytophthora"

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Kamoun, Sophien. "Phytophthora." In Fungal Pathology, 237–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9546-9_9.

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Watanabe, Tsuneo. "Phytophthora." In Pictorial Atlas of Soilborne Fungal Plant Pathogens and Diseases, 11–22. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2018. | Series: Mycology series ; [33]: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22340-2.

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Chen, Xiaoren, and Yuanchao Wang. "Phytophthora sojae." In Biological Invasions and Its Management in China, 199–223. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3427-5_15.

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Everhart, Sydney E., Javier F. Tabima, and Niklaus J. Grünwald. "Phytophthora ramorum." In Genomics of Plant-Associated Fungi and Oomycetes: Dicot Pathogens, 159–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44056-8_8.

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Judelson, Howard S. "Phytophthora infestans." In Genomics of Plant-Associated Fungi and Oomycetes: Dicot Pathogens, 175–208. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44056-8_9.

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Anandaraj, M., and P. Umadevi. "Plant–Phytophthora Interaction Proteomics." In Plant Biotic Interactions, 21–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26657-8_2.

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Lamour, Kurt, Jian Hu, Véronique Lefebvre, Joann Mudge, Andrew Howden, and Edgar Huitema. "Illuminating the Phytophthora capsici Genome." In Genomics of Plant-Associated Fungi and Oomycetes: Dicot Pathogens, 121–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44056-8_6.

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Athow, Kirk L. "Phytophthora Root Rot of Soybean." In World Soybean Research Conference III: Proceedings, 575–81. New York: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429267932-98.

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Welsh, Lydia R. J., and Stephen C. Whisson. "Protoplast Transformation of Phytophthora spp." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 35–47. New York, NY: Springer US, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-4330-3_3.

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"Phytophthora." In Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Informatics, 1495. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6754-9_12838.

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Conference papers on the topic "Phytophthora"

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Keeratirawee, Kanchalar, Pornprapa Kongtragoul, and Sansanee Pantakan. "EFFECT OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AGAINST PHYTOPHTHORA SPP. CAUSING DURIAN DISEASES IN VITRO." In SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24, 51–58. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/6.1/s24.08.

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The efficiency of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in inhibiting Phytophthora spp. growth in both durian fruits and stems is demonstrated. The size of ZnO-NPs used was in range of 25-50 nm in diameter. Diseased durian sample were collected from a durian orchard located in southern of Thailand. The pathogen of diseased durian was isolated for subsequent morphological identification. Three distinct strains of Phytophthora spp. (designated as PHY41, PHY45, PHY49) were successfully isolated and were found in colonies with rings and stellate pattern, ovoid, limoniform sporangium with semi-papillate or papillate, and formation chlamydospores. All isolates were exhibiting 100% pathogenicity on durian, as indicated by the disease incidence (DI). The concentration of ZnO-NPs played a crucial role in suppressing the growth of Phytophthora spp. in all isolates. Higher concentration of ZnO-NPs resulted in increased inhibition of growth. ZnO-NPs at the concentration of 2000 ?g/mL effectively suppressed the mycelial growth of all fungi isolates at 57.76-69.84%. Additionally, ZnO-NPs at the concentration of 500 ?g/mL completely inhibited the sporulation only in the PHY49 strains. Furthermore, ZnO-NPs concentration ranging from 1000-2000 ?g/mL resulted in completed inhibition in sporulation in all Phytophthora spp. isolates. The result demonstrated that ZnO-NPs at all concentrations effectively delayed the germination of Phytophthora spp.
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Kongtragoul, Pornprapa, and Sansanee Pantakan. "ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES INHIBIT SOME FUNGAL PATHOGENS INFECTION ON DURIAN SEEDLINGS." In SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24, 107–14. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/6.1/s24.17.

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Durian disease-causing organisms such as fungi can infect durian trees at any stage of development. Chemical fungicides are widely used because they are convenient and simple to use. However, it impacts the health of producers, consumers, and the environment. As a result, recommendations have been developed and established for researching zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zn-ONPs) that can inhibit fungal growth as an alternative for preventing and eliminating such fungi. The purpose of this study is to collect and isolate some fungi that cause durian diseases and their pathogenicity test, as well as to investigate the efficacy of Zn-ONPs ranging in size from 25 to 50 nm in inhibiting germination and fungal infection on durian seedlings. Three isolates of Phytophthora sp. (CL4_F1, CL4_S5, CL4_F10), two isolates of Fusarium sp. (CL6_FL1, CL6_FL2), two isolates of Phomopsis sp. (CH1_PF1, CH1_PF2), and two isolates of Rhizoctonia sp. (CL1_RL1, CL1_RL2) were successfully isolated as durian pathogenic fungi. All isolates were pathogenic on durian seedlings, with a 100% disease incidence. As a result, it was found that increasing the concentration of ZnO-NPs could further inhibit growth in the germination and infection of durian seedlings. All tested isolates had delayed germination by ZnO-NPs at all concentrations. Furthermore, as the severity of the disease decreased, ZnO-NPs could inhibit infection in durian seedlings at higher concentrations.
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Horner, Ian, and Rosie Bradshaw. "Abstracts." In Phytophthora Symposium. New Zealand Plant Protection Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpps.symp.2019.

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Scanu, Bruno, Andrea Vannini, Antonio Franceschini, Anna Maria Vettraino, Beatrice Ginetti, and Salvatore Moricca. "Phytophthora spp. in Mediterranean forests." In Secondo Congresso Internazionale di Selvicoltura = Second International Congress of Silviculture. Accademia Italiana di Scienze Forestali, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4129/2cis-bs-phi.

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"The tomato- Phytophthora cinnamomi pathosystem." In IS-MPMI Congress. IS-MPMI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/ismpmi-2023-26.

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"The impact of Phytophthora ramorum on Canada." In Sudden Oak Death Online Symposium. The American Phytopathological Society, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/sod-2003-ea.

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Чижик, В. К., and Е. А. Соколова. "SSR GENOTYPING OF PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS POPULATIONS IN THE MOSCOW REGION IN 2018-2020." In Биотехнология в растениеводстве, животноводстве и сельскохозяйственной микробиологии, 143–44. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.48397/arriab.2021.21.xxi.087.

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Фитофтороз, вызываемый оомицетом Phytophthora infestans, является одним из важнейших заболеваний картофеля. Актуальным для борьбы с фитофторозом является применение биологических методов, таких как мониторинг популяций патогена и создание новых устойчивых сортов. Для мониторинга применяются различные молекулярные маркеры, в том числе SSR маркеры, которые являются нейтральными к отбору. Late blight caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans is one of the most important potato diseases. Relevant for the fight against late blight is the use of biological methods, such as monitoring pathogen populations and creating new resistant varieties. Various molecular markers are used for monitoring, including SSR markers, which are neutral to selection.
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Snieškienė, Vilija, and Antanina Stankevičienė. "Phytophthora genus pathogens isolated from rhododendrons in Lithuania." In Research for Rural Development, 2018. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.24.2018.022.

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Daan Goense and John Thelen. "Wireless Sensor Networks for Precise Phytophthora Decision Support." In 2005 Tampa, FL July 17-20, 2005. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.19845.

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Alin, Carabet, Manea Dan, Gheorghescu Bogdan, Ioana Grozea, and Stef Ramona. "APPROACHING THE PHYTHOPHTORA INFESTANS PATHOGEN IN POTATO CULTURE BY BIOLOGICAL MEANS." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.04.

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In the current context, in which the European Union, through various projects, requires the reduction of the consumption of pesticides it is necessary to investigate some different products to control the Phytophthora infestans potato blight, biological ones, that have the role of improving the structure and health of the soil, avoiding contamination of it but also of groundwater with synthetic active substances. Potato production is diminished by the presence of weeds, pathogens and pests. One of the most important phytopathogenic agents is Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) deBary, which produces the disease called mange, an important disease that occurs in all areas where potatoes are grown causing economic losses up to 50%. In general, disease management of this pathogen by biological means is a difficult task, especially when the level of disease pressure is high, together with favorable environmental conditions. The study was performed, in Belint area, Timis county, under the climatic conditions of the year 2022. The test product used in study protocol were Fitocid, Fitohelp, Mycohelp, Viridin and Taegro in various rate of application and an untreated check was also included. The assessments were performed at 3, 7, 14 DAT, assessing the effectiveness of the products in respect of the frequency and intensity of the attack. All five bioproducts reduced the severity of the pathogen compared to the untreated control, the antagonism shown by the Fitocid and Fitohelp products against the fungus Phytophthora infestans was maximum seven days after application.
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Reports on the topic "Phytophthora"

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Lopez-Nicora, Horacio, Dylan Mangel, Austin McCoy, Richard W. Webster, Alison Robertson, Martin Chilvers, Albert Tenuta, Daren Mueller, and Kiersten Wise. An Overview of Phytophthora Root and Stem Rot. United States: Crop Protection Network, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cpn-20240503-0.

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Stewart, Silvina Maria, and Alison E. Robertson. Pathotype Structure of Phytophthora sojae with Cultivar Rotation in Soybeans. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2778.

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Grunwald, N. J. ​​​​​​The Genus ​Phytophthora​ – Don’t Change a Winning Concept​? - Session 1. The American Phytopathological Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/aps-2024-0422-01.

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Leal Jiménez, Mady Dully, and Oscar Hernando Torres Arango. Avances y perspectivas en la caracterización de árboles élites de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) para la conservación de la biodiversidad en el municipio de Ibagué, Tolima. Sello Editorial UNAD, June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/ecapma.7050.

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Contextualización: el cacao en Colombia es un cultivo de relevancia no solo por su factor económico, sino por su entorno social y ambiental. Según la Gobernación del Huila (2022) se estima que el cacao en el huila es el sustento de alrededor de 3300 familias, con 7000 hectáreas sembradas aproximadamente. Respecto al manejo fitosanitario de este cultivo se destaca la enfermedad causada por Phytophthora spp. como una de las enfermedades más limitantes para la producción (Rodríguez y Vera, 2015). Vacío de conocimiento: en Colombia son escasas las investigaciones realizadas para conocer la relación de los clones y el desarrollo de la enfermedad Phytophthora spp., por lo que este tipo de estudios son requeridos con urgencia en la zona de influencia del proyecto; en ese sentido, se han realizado avances investigativos en clones por parte de AGROSAVIA, pero en otras regiones del país. Propósito: el objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la incidencia de Phytophthora spp. en clones de cacao, con aplicaciones de Trichoderma sp. en condiciones ambientales del departamento del Huila, para contribuir con la línea de investigación en biotecnología agrícola. Metodología: se emplearon parámetros de evaluación para incidencia y severidad de Phytophthora spp. en 10 clones de cacao: EET 8, TSH 565, SCC 61, ICS 1, ICS 95, HIBRIDO, IMC 67, ICS 39, ICS 60 y CCN 51. Enfermedad tratada con: T1: (Trichoderma asperellum, Trichoderma atroviridae, Trichoderma harzianum). Presentación polvo mojable PW. T2: (Trichoderma viride), presentación líquida suspensión concentrada SC. T3: Testigo, sin ninguna aplicación, en dos épocas de producción fase I (13, 20 y 27 de diciembre) y fase II (14, 21 y 28 de mayo). Resultados y conclusiones: Se concluye que los efectos sobre Phytophthora spp. responden a la combinación de la susceptibilidad del material vegetal empleado y la acción del Trichoderma spp. en el cultivo de cacao. En la fase II hay una diferencia significativa entre el testigo y el tratamiento en polvo, frente al tratamiento líquido siendo este último el que ejerce mejor control sobre la enfermedad.
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Kliejunas, John T. Sudden oak death and Phytophthora ramorum: a summary of the literature. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-gtr-234.

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McCoy, Austin G., Richard R. Belanger, Carl A. Bradley, Daniel G. Cerritos-Garcia, Vinicius C. Garnica, Loren J. Giesler, Pablo E. Grijalba, et al. Loss of Effective Soybean Phytophthora Root and Stem Rot Resistance Genes. United States: Crop Protection Network, June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cpn-20240618-1.

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Seeland, T. M., M. E. Ostry, R. Venette, and J. Juzwik. An annotated bibliography of invasive tree pathogens Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum, Phytophthora alni, and Phytophthora quercina and a regulatory policy and management practices for invasive species. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-gtr-270.

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Moreno Mendoza, José Dílmer, María del Socorro Cerón Lasso, Germán David Sánchez León, Ingrid Marcela Preciado Monguí, and John Alexánder Martínez Morales. AGROSAVIA Mary variedad mejorada de papa para hojuelas y consumo en fresco. Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.plegable.2019.1.

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AGROSAVIA Mary es una variedad de papa de Colombia para el consumo en fresco y el procesamiento en hojuelas y bastones, que presenta tolerancia estable a la enfermedad de la gota Phytophthora infestans. En este plegable se encuentran los detalles de sus características (de planta y agronómicas y las recomendaciones para el manejo de la variedad.
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Moreno Mendoza, José Dílmer, María del Socorro Cerón Lasso, Germán David Sánchez León, Ingrid Marcela Preciado Monguí, and John Alexánder Martínez Morales. AGROSAVIA Mary variedad mejorada de papa para hojuelas y consumo en fresco. Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.plegable.2019.6.

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AGROSAVIA Mary es una variedad de papa de Colombia para el consumo en fresco y el procesamiento en hojuelas y bastones, que presenta tolerancia estable a la enfermedad de la gota Phytophthora infestans. En este plegable se encuentran los detalles de sus características (de planta y agronómicas y las recomendaciones para el manejo de la variedad.
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Kessel, Geert, Corina Topper, Bert Evenhuis, and Jack Vossen. Visuele boordeling vitaliteit Phytophthora infestans bladvlekken : betrouwbaarheid van visuele levend/dood beoordelingen van bladaantasting in aardappel. Bleiswijk: Stichting Wageningen Research, Wageningen Plant Research, Business unit BioInteracties en Plantgezondheid, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/470402.

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