Relevant bibliographies by topics / Phytoparasites

Academic literature on the topic 'Phytoparasites'

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Published: 6 July 2024

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Journal articles on the topic "Phytoparasites":

1

Lima-Medina, Israel, Edriana Araujo-Lima, Rosario Y. Bravo-Portocarrero, Grover B. Cornejo-Condori, Dino V. Franco-Mariaca, and Victor H. Casa-Coila. "Phytoparasitic and free-living nematodes associated with the cultivation of Passiflora ligularis Juss. in the Sandia Valley, Puno Region, Peru." Bioagro 36, no. 2 (May 1, 2024): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.51372/bioagro362.7.

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The identification of phytoparasitic nematodes, which is essential for the implementation of management strategies, is required for further study. The objective of this work was to identify, at the genus level, the phytoparasites and free-living nematodes associated with the cultivation of sweet granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) in the valley of Sandia, region Puno, Peru. For the study, 165 soil samples were evaluated, coming from eight communities from the district of Sandia, during the agricultural season 2018–2019. The samples were processed by the method of centrifugal fluctuation in sucrose solution, later identified on the basis of morphological characteristics. The results showed the presence of seven genera of phytoparasitic nematodes, Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Mesocriconema, Xiphinema, Tylenchus, and Hemicycliophora, and two genera of free-living nematodes, Aphelenchus and Dorylaimus. The most harmful genera were Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus because they cause damage to other crops. In the nematode community, there was variability in the density and frequency of phytoparasitic and free-living nematodes in the evaluated localities.
2

Grynberg, Priscila, Roberto Coiti Togawa, Leticia Dias de Freitas, Jose Dijair Antonino, Corinne Rancurel, Marcos Mota do Carmo Costa, Maria Fatima Grossi-de-Sa, et al. "Comparative Genomics Reveals Novel Target Genes towards Specific Control of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes." Genes 11, no. 11 (November 13, 2020): 1347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11111347.

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Plant-parasitic nematodes cause extensive annual yield losses to worldwide agricultural production. Most cultivated plants have no known resistance against nematodes and the few bearing a resistance gene can be overcome by certain species. Chemical methods that have been deployed to control nematodes have largely been banned from use due to their poor specificity and high toxicity. Hence, there is an urgent need for the development of cleaner and more specific control methods. Recent advances in nematode genomics, including in phytoparasitic species, provide an unprecedented opportunity to identify genes and functions specific to these pests. Using phylogenomics, we compared 61 nematode genomes, including 16 for plant-parasitic species and identified more than 24,000 protein families specific to these parasites. In the genome of Meloidogyne incognita, one of the most devastating plant parasites, we found ca. 10,000 proteins with orthologs restricted only to phytoparasitic species and no further homology in protein databases. Among these phytoparasite-specific proteins, ca. 1000 shared the same properties as known secreted effectors involved in essential parasitic functions. Of these, 68 were novel and showed strong expression during the endophytic phase of the nematode life cycle, based on both RNA-seq and RT-qPCR analyses. Besides effector candidates, transcription-related and neuro-perception functions were enriched in phytoparasite-specific proteins, revealing interesting targets for nematode control methods. This phylogenomics analysis constitutes a unique resource for the further understanding of the genetic basis of nematode adaptation to phytoparasitism and for the development of more efficient control methods.
3

Quénéhervé, Patrick, Serge Marie-Luce, Béatrice Barout, and Frédérique Grosdemange. "Une technique de criblage variétal précoce des bananiers envers les nématodes phytoparasites." Nematology 8, no. 1 (2006): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854106776179962.

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4

Churikova, A. K., and S. N. Nekoval. "Biological agents and their metabolites to control <i>Meloidogyne</i> spp. when growing vegetables (review)." South of Russia: ecology, development 17, no. 3 (October 9, 2022): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2022-3-175-186.

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Aim. Analysis of modern studies on the effectiveness of fungi and antagonist bacteria against Meloidogyne root‐knot nematodes on vegetable crops.Materials and Methods. Studies of Russian and foreign scientists on the use of biological agents and their metabolites to control Meloidogyne spp. when growing vegetables have been carefully analysed.Results. The harmfulness of gall nematodes on vegetable crops is described. Studies on the most pathogenic species of Meloidogyne, including those common in Russia, are summarised. Information is given regarding features of the relationship between the host plant and phytoparasites are highlighted. An analysis of the range of chemical and biological nematicides is presented. The problem of the lack of effective environmentally friendly products able to control root‐knot nematodes on vegetables, including the prospect of using biological agents, has been identified. The features of ongoing research on the study of the nematicidal activity of biological agents and their metabolites to control various stages of development of Meloidogyne species have been collected, analysed, systematised and described. The prospect of studying the mechanisms of action of microorganisms against root‐knot nematodes is substantiated in order to create new effective biological nematicides that allow the growth of high‐quality and healthy vegetable products.Conclusion. Gall nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) remain a current pest of soil‐grown vegetables. Scientists are actively working on the study of nematophagous fungi and antagonist bacteria to create environmentally friendly biological nematicides. With proper use, biological agents and their metabolites can help protect plants from phytoparasites at the level of chemical nematicides and have an additional beneficial effect on the growth and development of vegetable crops.
5

Reversat, Georges, Jean-Pierre Rossi, and Pierre Bernhard. "Analyse des courbes de survie de nématodes phytoparasites selon le modèle de Teissier." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series III - Sciences de la Vie 320, no. 3 (March 1997): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0764-4469(97)86934-x.

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6

Gheysen, Godelieve, Jan De Meutter, Tom Tytgat, and August Coomans. "Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes as a model for other plant parasitic nematodes." Nematology 2, no. 1 (2000): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100508827.

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AbstractPlant parasitic nematodes are known to cause a severe reduction in crop yield. Recently much effort is being put to engineering new nematode-resistant crop cultivars. Plant parasitic nematodes occur in three widely separated orders: Triplonchida, Dorylaimida and Tylenchida. All triplonchid and dorylaimid plant parasitic nematodes are migratory ectoparasites of roots. Within the Tylenchida, several different types of plant parasitism can be recognised. The sedentary endoparasites have the most complex interaction with their host, and are responsible for the vast majority of the agricultural damage. This causes most research to be concentrated on two groups of the sedentary endoparasitic nematodes: cyst- and root-knot nematodes. Both induce specialised feeding structures in the vascular cylinder of the plant root. The mechanism of phytoparasitism of the cyst- and root-knot nematodes is reviewed, of which some aspects will be applicable to the study of the other plant parasitic nematodes. Les nématodes parasites de plantes sont connus pour provoquer de sévères réductions dans les rendements des cultures. Actuellement, un effort se développe pour créer de nouveaux cultivars résistants aux nématodes. Les nématodes parasite de plantes appartiennent à trois ordres très éloignés: Triplonchida, Dorylaimida et Tylenchida. Tous les nématodes parasites de plantes chez les Triplonchida et Dorylaimida sont des ectoparasites migrateurs. Chez les Tylenchida, plusieurs types différents de parasitisme peuvent être identifiés. Les endoparasites sédentaires ont l’interaction la plus complexe avec leur hôte et sont responsables de la plus grande part des dégâts agricoles. C’est la raison pour laquelle la plupart des recherches sont concentrées sur deux groupes de nématodes endoparasites sédentaires, les nématodes à kystes et les nématodes galligènes. Ces deux groupes induisent des structures d’alimentation spécialisées dans les tissus vasculaires de la racine végétale. Le mécanisme parasitaire des nématodes à kystes et galligènes est revu, certaines de leurs caractéristiques pouvant être applicables à l’étude des autres nématodes phytoparasites.
7

Kakhorova, Komola A., Zaynat S. Khashimova, and Ekaterina O. Terenteva. "Studies on Cytotoxicity and Antioxidant activities of Lectin-like proteins from Phytoparasites (Cuscuta europaea)." Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 4, no. 3 (2018): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31024/ajpp.2018.4.3.4.

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8

Konate, Abel Yanougo, S. Léonard Ouuedraogo, and Daouda Kone. "Etude faunistique des nématodes phytoparasites de l’oignon (Allium cepae L., Alliaceae) au Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 13, no. 3 (September 9, 2019): 1388. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v13i3.14.

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9

Fontana, Lais Fernanda, Claudia Regina Dias Arieira, Vinicius Hicaro Frederico Abe, José Junior Severino, Jailson de Oliveira Arieira, and Raimundo Nonato Farias Monteiro. "Interference of Meloidogyne javanica in the reproduction of Pratylenchus brachyurus in soybean cultivar BRS/MT pintado." Summa Phytopathologica 44, no. 2 (June 2018): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/177037.

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ABSTRACT Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., and the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus brachyurus, are the most common phytoparasites in soybean crop, which usually occur in association in crop areas. However, few studies were conducted on the interaction between these parasites. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the interference of the increase in M. javanica population in the reproduction of P. brachyurus, and the effect of mixed populations on soybean (cultivar BRS/MT Pintado) development. The experiment consisted in inoculating a population of 1000 specimens of P. brachyurus per plant and changing the inoculum level of M. javanica, using zero, 1000, 2000 and 4000 eggs, in two different periods. After 65 days of inoculation, the increase in the initial population of M. javanica reduced by 79 and 73% the final population of P. brachyurus in the different experiments. However, both species significantly increased their populations. When subjected to the same inoculum level, M. javanica was more efficient in reproducing than P. brachyurus. The increase in the number of nematodes reduced the vegetative growth of the plant.
10

Mateille, Thierry, Nicole Gautier, Domitien Debouzie, and Patrice Cadet. "Étude synthétique des réactions induites par les nématodes phytoparasites sur le bananier Musa acuminata (groupe AAA) : hiérarchisation des paramètres adaptés à la sélection variétale." Canadian Journal of Botany 73, no. 12 (December 1, 1995): 2006–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b95-215.

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The susceptibility of bananas to phytoparasitic nematodes, the damages caused by nematodes, and the plant defense reactions can be evaluated respectively by the multiplication rate of parasites, the plant growth and metabolism, and the modifications of the secondary metabolism. The comparison, through multivariate analyses, of these four groups of parameters between two banana cultivars (Poyo and Gros Michel), differently susceptible to nematodes, helps to hierarchize the importance of these groups. So, the variables associated with shoot and root growth and the variables associated with plant physiology (photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, nitrogen and mineral absorption) are quite bad parameters because they evolve anarchically with the initial nematode population pressure. On the opposite, the final nematode population pressure and the variables associated with host defense reactions (secondary metabolism) are more reliable because they give more homogeneous results. It is then possible to assess the usefulness of the parameters describing banana susceptibility to nematodes and to give reliable criteria to geneticians for nematode resistance breeding programs. Key words: banana, defense reactions, phytoparasitic nematodes, resistance, tolerance, cultivar behaviour. [Traduit par la rédaction]
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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Phytoparasites":

1

Fortuner, Renaud. "Variabilité et identification des espèces chez les nématodes du genre Helicotylenchus." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO19023.

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Probleme d'identification des nematodes, parasites des plantes cultivees, du genre helicotylenchus, du a une grande variabilite intraspecifique. Mise au point du logiciel nemaid pour aider a leur identification. Redescription de certaines especes et propositions de synonymes
2

Notareschi-Leroy, Hélène. "Caractérisation d'éléments transposables de la super famille Tc1-mariner chez les nématodes phytoparasites du genre Meloidogyne." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX22014.

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3

Ali, Nadine. "Communautés de nématodes phytoparasites associés à l'olivier : réponse aux forçages anthropiques et environnementaux." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NSAM0015/document.

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Les interventions humaines de plus en plus fréquentes et persistantes dans les écosystèmes d'une part, et l'intensification des systèmes de cultures d'autre part qui s'accompagne pour partie de méthodes radicales pour combattre les bio-agresseurs des cultures, nous posent de multiples questions au sujet des risques écologiques liés aux changements des milieux, dont les perturbations induites sur les communautés d'organismes vivants. Les nématodes phytoparasites (NPP), vers ronds microscopiques telluriques qui occasionnent des pertes de production végétale importantes, sont partout présents en communautés. Ces nématodes répondent rapidement aux forçages extérieurs (e.g. anthropiques et environnementaux) par des modifications de la structure de leurs communautés. Par ce travail de thèse, nous cherchons à mieux comprendre l'effet des facteurs impliqués dans l'assemblage des espèces de NPP en communautés associées à l'olivier méditerranéen et à déterminer la réponse de ces communautés aux forçages imposés par la domestication de l'olivier, par l'intensification de sa culture et par différents facteurs environnementaux. L'étude a été réalisée au Maroc dans toutes les régions oléicoles (vergers traditionnels à faible densité et vergers à haute-densité), dans les zones refuge d'olivier sauvage (oléastre) et sur olivier féral. Les facteurs pédoclimatiques qui caractérisent les sites d'échantillonnage ont également été pris en considération. L'analyse de la nématofaune a révélé d'une grande diversité spécifique, de nombreuses espèces étant décrites pour la première fois sur olivier, et une nouvelle espèce (Meloidogyne spartelensis) ayant été découverte. La diversité, la composition taxonomique, trophique et fonctionnelle, la dominance des taxons, les patrons de communautés sont fortement affectés par les différents forçages pris en compte. Le gradient d'anthropisation croissante (sauvage vs féral vs cultivé traditionnel vs cultivé haute-densité) est la variable qui impacte le plus la diversité par réduction de la richesse spécifique et l'augmentation de l'abondance en NPP. L'étude a également porté une attention particulière sur la diversité des nématodes à galles des racines du genre Meloidogyne, un des principaux ravageurs de l'olivier. Elle a indiqué la dispersion de M. javanica dans les vergers et sur olivier féral, alors que d'autres espèces (M. arenaria, M. hapla et M. spartelensis) sont confinées dans les zones refuge des oléastres. Afin d'analyser la diversité génétique, des marqueurs morphologiques et moléculaires ont dévoilé d'une diversité importante entre et au sein des différentes populations de Meloidogyne. Les études diligentées dans le cadre de cette thèse confirment que la diversité et la structure des communautés de NPP pourraient être des indicateurs pertinents pour évaluer la santé des sols dans les agro et écosystèmes, en corrélant diversité et pathogénicité des communautés. Elles soulignent donc l'importance de la diversité parasitaire comme variable prioritaire à prendre en compte pour inspirer des stratégies de gestion des parasites basées sur le concept de résilience de la diversité (même s'il s'agit de parasites), pour une gestion durable des communautés de NPP et la préservation des milieux
Human activities increasingly frequent and persistent in ecosystems on one hand, and cropping system intensification on the other hand partly with radical methods to control pests and diseases of crops, raise questions about the ecological risks related to biotop changes, including disturbances of living organism communities. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN), microscopic round soil-borne worms that cause significant losses of crop production, are everywhere present in communities. They respond quickly to external forces (e.g. human and environmental) by changing the structure of their communities. In this thesis, we seek to better understand the effect of the factors involved in the assemblage of PPN species in communities associated with the Mediterranean olive tree and to determine the response of these communities to forces imposed by olive domestication, by crop intensification and by various environmental factors. The study was conducted in all olive-growing regions in Morocco (traditional low density and high density orchards), in refugia areas for wild olive (oleaster) and on feral olive trees. The soil and climatic factors that characterize the sampling sites were also considered. The analysis of the nematofauna revealed a wide species diversity, many species being described for the first time on olive tree, and a new species (Meloidogyne spartelensis) have been discovered. The diversity, the species / trophic / functional structure of the communities, the dominance of the taxa, and the community patterns are strongly affected by the various forces considered. The increasing anthropogenic gradient (wild vs feral vs traditional cultivation vs high-density cultivation) is the variable that mostly impacts the diversity by reducing the species richness and increasing the abundance of PPN. A particular attention was attributed in this study to the diversity of root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne, a major pest of the olive tree. It revealed that M. javanica is widespread in orchards and olive feral, while other species (M. arenaria, M. hapla and M. spartelensis) are confined in oleaster refuge areas. In order to analyse the genetic diversity, morphological and molecular markers have revealed a significant diversity between and within different Meloidogyne populations. These thesis studies confirm that both the diversity and the structure of the PPN communities could be relevant indicators to assess soil health in agro and ecosystems, by correlating diversity and pathogenicity of communities. They therefore emphasize the importance of parasite diversity as a main variable to consider for inspiring pest control strategies based on the concept of diversity resilience (even if it concerns parasites) for sustainable management of PPN communities and for environment preservation
4

Ali, Nadine. "Communautés de nématodes phytoparasites associés à l'olivier : réponse aux forçages anthropiques et environnementaux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier, SupAgro, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NSAM0015.

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Abstract:
Les interventions humaines de plus en plus fréquentes et persistantes dans les écosystèmes d'une part, et l'intensification des systèmes de cultures d'autre part qui s'accompagne pour partie de méthodes radicales pour combattre les bio-agresseurs des cultures, nous posent de multiples questions au sujet des risques écologiques liés aux changements des milieux, dont les perturbations induites sur les communautés d'organismes vivants. Les nématodes phytoparasites (NPP), vers ronds microscopiques telluriques qui occasionnent des pertes de production végétale importantes, sont partout présents en communautés. Ces nématodes répondent rapidement aux forçages extérieurs (e.g. anthropiques et environnementaux) par des modifications de la structure de leurs communautés. Par ce travail de thèse, nous cherchons à mieux comprendre l'effet des facteurs impliqués dans l'assemblage des espèces de NPP en communautés associées à l'olivier méditerranéen et à déterminer la réponse de ces communautés aux forçages imposés par la domestication de l'olivier, par l'intensification de sa culture et par différents facteurs environnementaux. L'étude a été réalisée au Maroc dans toutes les régions oléicoles (vergers traditionnels à faible densité et vergers à haute-densité), dans les zones refuge d'olivier sauvage (oléastre) et sur olivier féral. Les facteurs pédoclimatiques qui caractérisent les sites d'échantillonnage ont également été pris en considération. L'analyse de la nématofaune a révélé d'une grande diversité spécifique, de nombreuses espèces étant décrites pour la première fois sur olivier, et une nouvelle espèce (Meloidogyne spartelensis) ayant été découverte. La diversité, la composition taxonomique, trophique et fonctionnelle, la dominance des taxons, les patrons de communautés sont fortement affectés par les différents forçages pris en compte. Le gradient d'anthropisation croissante (sauvage vs féral vs cultivé traditionnel vs cultivé haute-densité) est la variable qui impacte le plus la diversité par réduction de la richesse spécifique et l'augmentation de l'abondance en NPP. L'étude a également porté une attention particulière sur la diversité des nématodes à galles des racines du genre Meloidogyne, un des principaux ravageurs de l'olivier. Elle a indiqué la dispersion de M. javanica dans les vergers et sur olivier féral, alors que d'autres espèces (M. arenaria, M. hapla et M. spartelensis) sont confinées dans les zones refuge des oléastres. Afin d'analyser la diversité génétique, des marqueurs morphologiques et moléculaires ont dévoilé d'une diversité importante entre et au sein des différentes populations de Meloidogyne. Les études diligentées dans le cadre de cette thèse confirment que la diversité et la structure des communautés de NPP pourraient être des indicateurs pertinents pour évaluer la santé des sols dans les agro et écosystèmes, en corrélant diversité et pathogénicité des communautés. Elles soulignent donc l'importance de la diversité parasitaire comme variable prioritaire à prendre en compte pour inspirer des stratégies de gestion des parasites basées sur le concept de résilience de la diversité (même s'il s'agit de parasites), pour une gestion durable des communautés de NPP et la préservation des milieux
Human activities increasingly frequent and persistent in ecosystems on one hand, and cropping system intensification on the other hand partly with radical methods to control pests and diseases of crops, raise questions about the ecological risks related to biotop changes, including disturbances of living organism communities. Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN), microscopic round soil-borne worms that cause significant losses of crop production, are everywhere present in communities. They respond quickly to external forces (e.g. human and environmental) by changing the structure of their communities. In this thesis, we seek to better understand the effect of the factors involved in the assemblage of PPN species in communities associated with the Mediterranean olive tree and to determine the response of these communities to forces imposed by olive domestication, by crop intensification and by various environmental factors. The study was conducted in all olive-growing regions in Morocco (traditional low density and high density orchards), in refugia areas for wild olive (oleaster) and on feral olive trees. The soil and climatic factors that characterize the sampling sites were also considered. The analysis of the nematofauna revealed a wide species diversity, many species being described for the first time on olive tree, and a new species (Meloidogyne spartelensis) have been discovered. The diversity, the species / trophic / functional structure of the communities, the dominance of the taxa, and the community patterns are strongly affected by the various forces considered. The increasing anthropogenic gradient (wild vs feral vs traditional cultivation vs high-density cultivation) is the variable that mostly impacts the diversity by reducing the species richness and increasing the abundance of PPN. A particular attention was attributed in this study to the diversity of root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne, a major pest of the olive tree. It revealed that M. javanica is widespread in orchards and olive feral, while other species (M. arenaria, M. hapla and M. spartelensis) are confined in oleaster refuge areas. In order to analyse the genetic diversity, morphological and molecular markers have revealed a significant diversity between and within different Meloidogyne populations. These thesis studies confirm that both the diversity and the structure of the PPN communities could be relevant indicators to assess soil health in agro and ecosystems, by correlating diversity and pathogenicity of communities. They therefore emphasize the importance of parasite diversity as a main variable to consider for inspiring pest control strategies based on the concept of diversity resilience (even if it concerns parasites) for sustainable management of PPN communities and for environment preservation
5

Lecouls, Anne-Claire. "Spectre d'activité et marquage moléculaire du gène Ma1 contrôlant la résistance aux nématodes Meloidogyne chez Prunier myrobolan." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX22031.

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6

Fischer-Lesaux, Marion. "Etude de la biodiversité des bactéries symbiotiques des nématodes entomopathogènes, définition de nouvelles espèces, et mise en évidence d'une co-spéciation." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20042.

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Les bacteries associees aux nematodes entomopathogenes (steinernema et heterorhabditis), issus d'une enquete biogeographique dans les antilles, ont ete isolees et caracterisees. La diversite des symbiotes xenorhabdus et photorhabdus a ete deduite de l'analyse du polymorphisme de restriction de l'adn ribosomique (adnr) 16s amplifie par pcr (polymerase chain reaction), et a ete comparee aux donnees sur l'origine des isolats. Aux antilles, le genre xenorhabdus est tres peu represente et tres divers, a l'inverse du genre photorhabdus. La diversite genotypique de ces bacteries est expliquee par la diversite des especes d'hotes. Les resultats de cette analyse nous ont permis d'aborder la systematique des genres photorhabdus et xenorhabdus avec une image plus explicite de leur biodiversite. En combinant des donnees genomiques (hybridations adn-adn et comparaison des sequences de l'adnr 16s) et phenotypiques, de nouvelles especes et sous-especes ont ete proposees dans le genre photorhabdus. Ces travaux representent un apport considerable a la taxinomie du genre photorhabdus, jusqu'alors non resolue, et mettent en evidence l'extreme diversite du genre xenorhabdus, ou de nouvelles especes sont a decrire. Dans les deux cas, les structures taxinomiques des hotes et des symbiotes se superposent, indiquant un phenomene de co-speciation entre les partenaires de la symbiose.
7

Gautier, Camille. "Les exsudats radiculaires de plantes comme nouveaux produits de biocontrôle contre les nématodes phytoparasites." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NSARC145.

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Les nématodes à kyste sont d’importants parasites des cultures, causant des pertes économiques élevées. Chez ces nématodes, l'éclosion est stimulée par les exsudats radiculaires libérés par la plante hôte. Le retrait des derniers nématicides nécessite le développement de solutions alternatives pour protéger les cultures. Ainsi, l’utilisation d’exsudats radiculaires pour provoquer une « éclosion suicide » des nématodes en l’absence de plantes hôtes représente un intérêt dans le management de ces parasites. Cette thèse visait à anticiper l'efficacité de cette stratégie, en prenant compte la diversité génétique côté nématodes et la composition microbiotique des sols. Tout d’abord, le niveau de dépendance entre les exsudats radiculaires d'espèces sauvages de Solanum et les populations de Globodera pallida sur le trait de vie éclosion a étéévalué et a mis en évidence un effet fort de la provenance géographique des exsudats. Ensuite les exsudats radiculaires de différentes espèces végétales ont été testés sur l'éclosion de populations représentatives de la diversité génétique de trois nématodes à kyste. Malgré des différences significatives obtenues entre les populations pour une espèce de nématode donnée, les exsudats radiculaires permettent une éclosion importante des nématodes. Enfin, l'impact des communautés microbiennes du sol sur l'efficacité des exsudats radiculaires a été mesuré. Des différences significatives d'éclosion suicide entre différents sols ont été obtenues, mais avec un taux d'éclosion élevé. Ces travaux fournissent des éléments clés pour l’utilisation d’exsu
Cyst nematodes are among the most harmful pests of cultivated crops causing important economic losses. For cyst nematodes, the hatching is stimulated by root exudates released by the host plant. The removal of chemical nematicides requires development of alternative approaches to protect crops. For this purpose, root exudates may constitute an effective and innovative biocontrol method that could be used in the absence of the host plant to induce a “suicide hatching” of nematode and to control cyst nematodes’ pressure on crop. This work aimed to anticipate the effectiveness of the suicide hatching strategy, taking into account the influence of the genetic diversity of nematode populations and the microbial composition of soils. First, the level of dependence between root exudates from wildSolanum species and Globodera pallida populations for the hatching trait was evaluated and highlighted a strong effect of the geographical location of root exudates. Second, root exudates from different plant species were tested on the hatching of representative populations of the genetic diversity for three cyst nematodes. Significant differences were obtained among populations for a given nematode species but root exudates provided a high level of hatching of nematodes. Third, the impact of microbial communities of soil on the efficiency of root exudates to stimulate the hatching was measured. Significant differences of suicide hatching between different soils were obtained but the hatching rate remained high. These research efforts provide key elements for the development of root exud
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Jourand, Philippe. "Les légumineuses du genre "Crotalaria" : symbiose fixatrice d'azote et activités biologiques contre les nématodes phytoparasites." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20127.

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Belliardo, Carole. "Étude des transferts horizontaux de gènes chez les nématodes phytoparasites par l'exploitation de métagénomes du sol." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2022COAZ6032.

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Les nématodes phytoparasites (NPP) sont parmi les plus importants ravageurs des cultures et menacent l'approvisionnement alimentaire mondial. Outre la nécessité de comprendre leur biologie pour développer de nouvelles stratégies de lutte, ces organismes sont fascinants en termes d'évolution génomique. Le parasitisme des plantes a évolué plusieurs fois indépendamment chez les nématodes selon des processus évolutifs convergents. Il semble que tous les NPP aient acquis des gènes bactériens et fongiques par transferts horizontaux de gènes (THG). Certains des gènes acquis horizontalement sont impliqués dans des fonctions parasitaires essentielles comme la dégradation des parois cellulaires des plantes ou l'assimilation des nutriments provenant des plantes. Cependant, plusieurs questions majeures restent encore en suspens concernant l'origine de ces gènes, leur distribution dans les génomes et la chronologie des événements d'acquisition. La plupart des NPP vivent dans le sol; nous pouvons donc supposer que ces gènes proviennent des micro-organismes du sol. Cependant, la sous-représentation de ces micro-organismes dans les librairies de séquences généralistes a probablement limité les précédentes analyses sur les THG. Pour pallier ce problème, nous avons constitué une bibliothèque de protéines provenant de plus de 6 800 métagénomes du sol disponibles publiquement. Un problème important dans les données métagénomiques concerne la qualité des données provenant des organismes eucaryotes due à l'utilisation d'outils dédiés aux génomes procaryotes. Afin de mieux représenter le pool de gènes présents dans les environnements naturels des NPP, nous avons identifié les contigs eucaryotes et re-prédit les gènes et protéines en utilisant un prédicteur de gènes eucaryotes.. Nous avons, ainsi, obtenu une librairie de protéines fiable et non redondante plus représentative de la biodiversité naturelle du sol.En utilisant cette librairie enrichie en protéines de sol, nous avons effectué une détection de THG sur 18 génomes de NPP du clade Tylenchina constituant un groupe très diversifié de modes de parasitisme. Après curation manuelle, la proportion de gènes acquis par transferts horizontaux avec confirmation phylogénétique est comprise entre 0.5 et 1,9% des gènes codant pour des protéines. Les THG dans les génomes de NPP proviennent principalement de bactéries. Nous avons également observé des THG provenant d'organismes eucaryotes tels que des champignons et pour la première fois des protistes et des plantes. Les taxa les plus représentés parmi les donneurs sont des espèces vivant dans le sol des clades bactériens Burkholderiaceae, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Rhizobiales et fongiques (Dikary)a. L'utilisation de données métagénomiques a permis de préciser l'histoire des THG déjà décrits mais aussi d'identifier des centaines de nouveaux THG. Les prédictions fonctionnelles des THG nouvellement identifiées indiquent une large diversité de fonctions potentielles dont les implications biologiques pourront être plus précisément décrites dans le cadre d'expériences biochimiques. L'intégration de données environnementales dans notre librairie de référence a permis d'étendre la détection des THG et de compléter le catalogue des descendants des potentiels donneurs
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are among the most important crop pests and threaten the world's food production. Besides the need to understand their biology to develop new control strategies, they are fascinating organisms in terms of genomic evolution. Plant parasitism has evolved several times independently in nematodes with some convergent evolutionary processes. For instance, all studied PPN have acquired bacterial and fungal genes by horizontal gene transfers (HGT). Some of the acquired genes are involved in essential parasitic functions like plant cell wall degradation or processing nutrients from the plant. However, several major questions concerning their origin, evolutionary fate and distribution in the genomes and timing of acquisition events remain unsolved. Most PPN live in soil; thus, we hypothesised that these genes originated from soil-dwelling microorganisms. However, the underrepresentation of soil microorganisms in generalist sequence libraries has previously limited HGT analyses.To circumvent this problem, we built a protein library including more than 6,800 soil metagenomes from the Joint Genome Institute's IMG/M server. The first challenge was to make this massive dataset more accurate and suitable for HGT analysis in PPN genomes. An important issue in metagenomic data is the underrepresentation of eukaryotes and their annotation with prokaryotic tools. To better represent the pool of genes present in the natural environments of PPN, we identified eukaryotic contigs and re-predicted proteins using Augustus, a eukaryotic dedicated gene predictor. Moreover, we reduced the protein sequence redundancy and refined the taxonomic assignment. After all these steps, we obtained an improved and non-redundant database that was more representative of the soil's natural biodiversity. This soil protein library, two times larger than the classic library, contains mainly organisms genetically divergent than lab-cultured.Then, we performed an HGT detection on proteins from 18 plant-parasitic nematode genomes of the Tylenchina clade, constituting a highly diverse group of PPN phenotypes, against our library enriched with soil protein. After manual curation, the proportion of genes acquired by horizontal transfers with phylogenetic confirmation is between 0.5 to 1.9% to protein-coding genes originating from HGT in PPN genomes. Those genes mainly originate from bacteria, but we also observed HGT from eukaryotic kingdoms such as fungi, protists and plants. The most represented taxa in donors are soil-dwelling species of clades Burkholderiaceae, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Rhizobiales and Dikarya. The usage of metagenomic data clarified the history of previously described HGTs but also identified hundreds of new HGTs. Functional analyses of the newly identified HGTs indicate a wide diversity of potential functions whose biological implications can be more precisely described in in-vitro experiments. Integrating environmental data in our reference library has allowed us to extend the detection of HGTs and to complete the catalog of potential donor offspring
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Vieira, Paulo. "Cell cycle maneuvering : a strategy taken by plant parasitic nematodes to induce specialized feeding sites in plant roots." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4114.

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Books on the topic "Phytoparasites":

1

Castelao. Retrincos: Un ollo de vidro. 2nd ed. Vigo: Galaxia, 1996.

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Dawoud, Dafalla Ahmed. Autecological studies on phytoparasites of the genera Alectra, Orobanche and Striga with special reference to their early developmental stages. Stuttgart: W. und S. Koch, 1995.

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Dropkin, Victor Harry. Introduction to plant nematology. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1989.

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Esser, R. P. An eleven year phytoparasitic nematode survey of Florida citrus groves and their environs. Gainesville, FL: Florida. Dept. of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1993.

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Esser, R. P. A computer ready checklist of the genera and species of phytoparasitic nematodes, including a list of mnemonically coded subject categories. Gainesville, FL (P.O. Box 147100, Gainesville 32614-7100): Florida Dept. of Agriculture & Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1991.

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Shesteperov, A. A. Glossary of epiphytotiological and phytoparasitic terms. Edited by M. V. Arisov and E. N. Indyuhova. VNIIP – FSC VIEV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6048555-3-9.2022.160.

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The Glossary includes modern epiphytotiological and phytoparasitic terms with a brief scientifically based interpretation of their meaning. It gives new definitions adopted in plant protection; discusses issues of an improved nomenclature in epiphytotiology and phytoparasitology; and substantiates the significance of developing and ordering special terminology and its implementation. The Glossary is intended for experts in plant protection and quarantine, epiphytotiology, phytohelminthology and phytoparasitology; it is of interest to students, masters or graduate students of universities qualified in agronomy or biology.

Book chapters on the topic "Phytoparasites":

1

Davis, Eric L., and David K. Nendick. "Phytoparasitic Nematodes: Risks and Regulations." In The Handbook of Plant Biosecurity, 519–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7365-3_17.

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Ghareeb, Rehab Y., Elsayed E. Hafez, and Dina S. S. Ibrahim. "Current Management Strategies for Phytoparasitic Nematodes." In Management of Phytonematodes: Recent Advances and Future Challenges, 339–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4087-5_15.

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El-Deriny, Marwa M., Dina S. S. Ibrahim, and Fatma A. M. Mostafa. "Organic Additives and Their Role in the Phytoparasitic Nematodes Management." In Management of Phytonematodes: Recent Advances and Future Challenges, 73–93. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4087-5_4.

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Devi, Thangjam Sunita, Debanand Das, Rizwan Ali Ansari, Rose Rizvi, Aisha Sumbul, and Irshad Mahmood. "Role of Organic Additives in the Sustainable Management of Phytoparasitic Nematodes." In Management of Phytonematodes: Recent Advances and Future Challenges, 279–95. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4087-5_12.

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Lilley, Catherine J., Wayne L. Charlton, Manjula Bakhetia, and Peter E. Urwin. "The Potential of Rna Interference for the Management of Phytoparasitic Nematodes." In Integrated Management and Biocontrol of Vegetable and Grain Crops Nematodes, 185–203. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6063-2_9.

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Mojumder, Vijayalakshmi. "Eco-friendly technologies for management of phytoparasitic nematodes in pulses and vegetable crops." In Allelopathy in Ecological Agriculture and Forestry, 59–69. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4173-4_5.

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Moosavi, Mohammad Reza. "Efficacy of Microbial Biocontrol Agents in Integration with Other Managing Methods against Phytoparasitic Nematodes." In Management of Phytonematodes: Recent Advances and Future Challenges, 229–58. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4087-5_10.

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Ansari, Rizwan Ali, Rose Rizvi, Aisha Sumbul, and Irshad Mahmood. "Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)-Based Sustainable Management of Phytoparasitic Nematodes: Current Understandings and Future Challenges." In Management of Phytonematodes: Recent Advances and Future Challenges, 51–71. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4087-5_3.

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MERINO-RODRÍGUEZ, MANUEL. "Phytoparasites of plants." In Lexicon of Plant Pests and Diseases, 67a—142. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4832-2970-6.50007-1.

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Yadav, Kajol, Lovely Bharti, and Ashok Kumar Chaubey. "Effect of Phytoparasitic Nematodes on Agricultural Yield." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 62–84. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-8083-0.ch004.

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Plant-parasitic nematodes are a high-priced burden in agricultural crop manufacturing. Over 4100 species of plant-parasitic nematodes have been recognized. Together, they represent an envisioned $80–$118 billion dollars annually in damage to crops. Plant-parasitic nematodes are identified as one of the finest threats to vegetation globally. The most damaging plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are taken into consideration to be the root knot nematodes (RKNs), Meloidogyne sp., which are accountable for losses in vegetable plants throughout the world and determine the common use of chemical pesticides. The major genera of phytoparasitic nematodes discovered to cause crop losses were Heterodera, Hoplolaimus, Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, Rotylenchulus, and Xiphinema. In different reports, M. incognita suppression turned into observed in field soil treated with P. penetrans in contrast to untreated soil. Opportunity means of pest control consisting of the use of biological controls are great interest for crop producers.

Conference papers on the topic "Phytoparasites":

1

Shesteperov, A. A., and E. S. Starostina. "PARASITOCENOTIC ASPECTS IN PHYTOPARASITOLOGY." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. VNIIP – FSC VIEV, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6050437-8-2.2024.25.462-468.

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The term "microparasitocenosis" proposed by A. P. Markevich, who combined parasitizing forms of resident microflora of the organism and parasites that entered from external environment. Viruses, viroids, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, phytohelminths, phytoparasitic mites and insects form the parasitocenosis in a macroorganism (plant) and represent a damaging complex that contributes to pathological changes in the macroorganism. The intention to simplify complex biological processes as much as possible has led to artificial isolation of any single pathogen. This turned out to be necessary and effective in studying causative agents of dangerous plant parasite infections. But it turned out to be inconsistent for associated infections and invasions since complex diseases develop when they are combined with other phytoparasites. Their synergism contributes to high harmfulness of complex diseases. Unfortunately, the problem of plant parasite infection and invasion has not been sufficiently studied in phytoparasitology. As defined, plant parasitism has boundaries from positive to neutral interactions of other types that are precisely outlined by pathogenicity. Harmfulness is exactly what can explain centuries-old hostility towards parasites. We considered the plant parasite cenosis of strawberries that included 27 plant parasites and 25 pathogens. The discovery of relationships between phytopathogens and phytoparasites has resulted in a qualitative change in cognitive tools and the interpretation of various pathogenic process phases. Based on systemic analysis, phytoparasites at different levels (plants, plant populations, biocenosis) are considered not as a mechanical population but as an integral system that functions under specific laws. Systemic quality of the plant parasitic cenosis appears in its interactions with other organisms.
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Petrova, A. D. "VIRAL AND NEMATODE INFECTIONS IN PLANTINGS OF THE GARDEN STRAWBERRY." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. VNIIP – FSC VIEV, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6050437-8-2.2024.25.316-321.

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Protecting strawberries from various diseases and phytoparasites plays an important role in providing high yields. Ditylenchiasis caused by the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kuhn, 1857, Filipjev, 1936) is a wide-spread and highly dangerous disease with the greatest economic impact worldwide. The disease is common in industrial gardens, on farms and subsidiary farms. The stem nematode being a serious pest reduces strawberry yield by almost 3-5 times. Berries become small and ugly on damaged plants and their sugar content decreases. The plant reproductive capacity decreases by 6-10 times. The most dangerous and economically significant viruses for strawberries are arabis mosaic vitis ArMV, strawberry latent ringspot virus SLRSV, tomato black ring virus TBRV, and raspberry ringspot virus RpRSV. The symptoms of strawberry damage by nepoviruses appear as dwarfism and a chlorotic pattern in the form of rings, lines, and spots on leaves. The harmfulness of the viruses on strawberries is shown in decreased yield to 42%, decreased peduncles, ovaries and fruit weight, and the changed chemical composition. The research was carried out on farms of different types of ownership in the Moscow, Yaroslavl, and Tver Regions. The species composition of the viruses on strawberry varieties and hybrids, and the Ditylenchus dipsaci prevalence were studied. In 18% of the studied private subsidiary farms, the infection with the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci was detected. The infection degree ranged from 9 to 28% of the plants on the site. The infected bush yield fell by 40%. The overall virus prevalence was 53.6%. The variation was from 5 to 24% in individual viruses. The cucumber mosaic virus infection was found in 18% of the samples.
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Sasanelli, Nicola, Ion Toderas, Elena Iurcu-Straistaru, Stefan Rusu, Alexei Bivol, Olesea Gliga, and Trifone D'Addabbo. "Sustainable agriculture in the light of climate change: effect of temperatures and exposure times on the mortality of the dagger nematode Xiphinema index." In Scientific International Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Perspectives". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/ppap2023.73.

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The gradual rising of average temperatures due to climate change are increasing the problem caused by phytoparasitic nematodes. To predict the effect of soil solarization on Xiphinema index, an experiment was undertaken to investigate the effect of different temperatures (from 25 to 42.5 °C) and exposure times (from 2 up to 2,048 hrs) on the mortality of the nematode. Surviving nematodes were expressed as percentages of those surviving at 25 °C. The differences to 100 were considered as mortality percentages. To kill 50% of nematode population were necessary 180, 34, 4.7 and 2.5 hours at 35, 37.5, 40 and 42.5 °C, respectively. Data fitted the model Pt=Po10-Δt/(q+mT) reported in literature.
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Konrat, A. N. "NEMATICIDAL AND NEMATOSTATIC EFFICACY OF VEGETABLE JUICES OF SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FAMILY SOLANACEAE." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6048555-6-0.2023.24.220-224.

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The effect of the tested substances on in vitro nematicidity and nematostaticity was verified on saprobiotic (Caenorhabditis elegans, Turbatrix aceti) and phytoparasitic nematodes (Ditylenchus destructor). Working solutions were prepared in the following dilutions: 1) 1/1000, 2) 1/100, 3) 1/10, 4) 1/1, 5) undiluted, 6) control, water, and 7) standard (horseradish root juice). The solution of above concentrations was introduced into the plate wells of 0.5 mL in 4 repetitions, then a well-mixed nematode suspension of 0.5 mL was added with 50±10 nematodes in average. After 24 hours of hold-times, mobile and immobile nematodes were counted, then after 48 hours nematodes were counted again. At the end of the experiment, nematodes were washed from the drug in order to determine the nematostatic effect. In vitro screening showed that the horseradish root juice, black nightshade berry juice, and red nightshade leaf and berry juice had nematicidal properties. The nematostatic effect was recorded in shoots of the green tuber, tissues of the green surface of the tuber and tuber juices, juice of red nightshade leaves, and juice of black nightshade leaves and berries.
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Iurcu-Straistaru, Elena, Nicola Sasanelli, Ion Toderas, Alexei Bivol, Vasile Maticiuc, Stefan Rusu, and Cristina Andoni. "Investigations on invasive nematodes associated with complex insect pests from soil in corn in the environmental conditions of the Republic of Moldova." In Xth International Conference of Zoologists. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/icz10.2021.36.

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Corn is one of the major technical field crops in the Republic of Moldova, advantageous in bioecological and productive aspects, which is invaded annually by the harmful organisms with considerable parasitic impact. The phytosanitary control results, carried out annually and seasonally, comparatively in the corn plantations, notice a significant diversity of the specific diseases and of the invasive insects that seriously affect the plants from the germination phases until the harvest. In corn, were established the numerical density values (D. n.), comparative in different ecological areas, on average 15-280 (ex. /100 g soil), with an abundance by 5-25% higher in the autumn than in the spring. Phytoparasitic impact indices the frequency (F %) and intensity (I %) of the phytohelminthological disease level was estimated, being more advanced by 3-30% in the spring-summer period, observed differently depending on the area compared to the autumn period. The structure of parasitic phytonematode complexes was determined counting 20 species, included in 8 families and one order (Tylenchida), classified according to trophic specialization, with the predominance of endo-ectoparasites. It was established the diversity of the associated invasive insect species from the soil: 12 species, 8 families, 3 orders, also, with invasive ectoparasitic impact on corn plants, with the disease degree of 5-40%, detected in all phases of vegetation and sectors investigated.
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Shesteperov, A. A. "THE EVOLUTION PROCESS OF EPIPHYTOSYSTEMS OF ANGUINOSIS (ANGUINA SPP.) OF CEREALS." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6048555-6-0.2023.24.538-543.

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The evolution of flowering plants including the Gramineae family is associated with birds and mammals that play a large role in distribution of seeds. The appearance of galls in the evolution which are formed as a result of the vital activity of Anguina in various organs of cereal plants resembles the convergence process with flowering plant seeds. Like seeds, galls firstly appear to be the resting structures having a strong envelope which helps Anguina to survive unfavorable conditions. Like seeds, galls possess the same distribution ways that have been developed in the evolution, namely by wind, water, mammals and birds. Anguina form galls that look like seeds of cereals, namely plant embryo in a seed and many nematodes in galls. Together with coevolution of the epiphytosystem (plant + phytoparasite + herbivore), one herbivore species in biogeocenosis is changed for another species that ousts it in the competitive struggle. However due to its peculiarities such species spread seeds and galls poorly. Different microorganisms adapt to each species of the epiphytosystem including those "useful" for the epiphytosystem. Bacteria Rathayibacter tritici and R. toxicus colonized galls and caused death of herbivorous mammals. Those animals stopped to consume cereal seeds and galls which granivorous birds began to consume and "sow" seeds and galls into typical and other biogeocenoses. As a result of the coevolution, the epiphytosystem with included toxic microorganisms developed to a higher level. The very set of anguinosis epiphytosystems in a particular biogeocenosis is determined by historically established interspecific relationships and characteristics of coalition of host plants, Anguina, “useful” bacteria, herbivores and birds.
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Malyutina, T. A. "NEUROPEPTIDES INVOLVING IN THE REGULATION OF LOCOMOTOR BEHAVIOR OF ROOT-KNOT PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES (REVIEW)." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6048555-6-0.2023.24.281-284.

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In the last few decades, the attention of researchers has been attracted by endogenous FMRFamide-like neuropeptides found in a number of invertebrates, including species of the Nematoda phylum. A foreign literature review was presented for the functional significance of endogenous FMRFamide-like neuropeptides in locomotor behaviour of root-knot phytonematodes, representatives of the genus Meloidogyne Goldi, 1982, namely, Meloidogyne incognita, M. minor, M. hapla and M. graminicola. In Russia, such studies are not carried out. The main characteristics of phytoparasitic neuropeptides were obtained from the study of genes (flp-genes) that encode these neuropeptides. M. incognita was found to have FMRFamidelike positive immunoreactivity in the central nervous system and 19 flp genes. The Mi-flp-12 and Mi-flp-14 genes encode neuropeptides that stimulate locomotor behaviour, while Mi-flp-32 encodes a neuropeptide that inhibits parasite locomotor behaviour. Nematodes M. incognita and M. hapla were found to have G-proteincoupled receptors (GPCRs) encoded by the flp-32 gene, and their similarity to receptor 1 (C26F1) of the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was detected. Similar data were presented in the literature for M. graminicola. The peptidergic signaling nervous system of root-knot phytonematodes is similar to the system of nematodes in vertebrates and free-living nematodes, which indicates the conservatism of the system in species of the entire Nematoda phylum.
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Lychagina, S. V., and V. V. Zakharova. "THE EFFECT OF MICRONUTRIENTS ON POTATO TUBERS COLONIZED BY NEMATODES DITYLENCHUS DESTRUCTOR IN ARTIFICIAL INFECTION." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. VNIIP – FSC VIEV, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6050437-8-2.2024.25.246-250.

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Abstract:
Potatoes in our country are a vegetable crop of strategic importance. The merit of this vegetable is in its multifaceted use. But there are no potato varieties resistant to the potato tuber nematode yet. The potential is in biological and biochemical characteristics of varieties in addition to various mineral nutrition. The experiment studied the effect of various micronutrients on increasing the resistance of Gala potato plants to phytoparasitic nematodes Ditylenchus destructor during artificial infection of the apical tuber segments. Standard micronutrient chelated solutions (B10,1%K2 O44%; Ca10%; Cu15%; Fe11%; Mn13%; Zn15%) for experiments were prepared in concentrations as recommended by the manufacturer. Shallow scalpel incisions were made on the surface of each segment and a Ditylenchus destructor suspension was instilled into the incision. The segments wetted with the standard solutions were put in plastic lidded containers to preserve humidity. The variants were labeled and left for 20 days. The control variant was sprayed with clean water. At 20 days that were enough for nematode colonization in potato slices, the tuber segments and nematode populations therein were examined. The result of the Ditylenchus destructor development in the potato segments with the use of micronutrients showed that the least nematodes were observed in the variants treated with copper chelate (EDTA-Cu15%) and iron chelate (Fe11%). Slightly more of them were in the variant with potassium metaborate (B10,1%K2 O44%). The remaining experiment variants and the control variant had the largest number of nematodes and their larvae.

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