Academic literature on the topic 'Phytase Production'
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Journal articles on the topic "Phytase Production"
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Moss, Amy F., Sonia Yun Liu, and Peter H. Selle. "Progress in comprehending the phytate–phytase axis in chicken-meat production." Animal Production Science 58, no. 10 (2018): 1767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17594.
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After an extended delay, the level of acceptance of exogenous phytases by the global chicken-meat industry is now almost complete. Contemporary bacterial phytases degrade phytate primarily in the gizzard. The extent of phytate degradation determines the extent to which phytate-bound phosphorus (P) is liberated; however, studies designed to investigate phytate degradation along the digestive tract have generated some confusing outcomes. This may be related to the reactivity of the phytate moiety, coupled with problems with inert dietary markers and perhaps a lack of complete and uniform extractions of phytate from digesta due to variations in digesta pH and phytate solubility. Quite recently, phytase was shown to have profound impacts on sodium (Na) digestibility coefficients in four segments of the small intestine. This has obvious implications for intestinal uptakes of glucose and amino acids via their respective Na+-dependent transport systems and it is possible that phytate and phytase have reciprocal impacts on ‘sodium pump’ (Na+, K+-ATPase) activity. It has been recently demonstrated unequivocally that phytase has the capacity to increase amino acid digestibility coefficients to the extent that phytase may generate a ‘proximal shift’ in the sites of amino acid absorption. The impact of phytase on starch digestibility is more equivocal and phytase responses may stem more from enhanced glucose absorption rather than starch digestion. The acceptance of phytase is hardly surprising, given its capacity to increase P utilisation coupled with numerous other positive influences that are still being properly realised.
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Axambayeva, Altynay Seitkhanovna, and Alexander Vyacheslavovich Shustov. "RECOMBINANT THERMOTOLERANT PHYTASE PRODUCED IN E.COLI." CBU International Conference Proceedings 3 (September 19, 2015): 412–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v3.631.
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Abstract: Phytic acid (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate) and its salts (phytates) are the major storage form of phosphorus in plants. Monogastric animals including hogs, poultry, and fish cannot utilize phytates as a source of phosphorus unless they are enzymatically destroyed with exogenous enzyme—phytase. Phytases are added to fodder in ever increasing dosage to improve utilization of plant-derived phosphorus because this reduces dependence of farms on inorganic fodder phosphates. Because of technological considerations, feed phytases have to withstand elevated temperatures (60-80°C), which are used during preparation of fodder. Enzymatic feed additives are becominutesg of high demand in Kazakhstan, and development of domestic technologies for production of agricultural enzymes is an ongoing challenge to the country’s biotechnology.Objectives: To develop a system for recombinant expression of industrially important thermotolerantphytase and confirm activity and thermal stability of the recombinantly expressed enzyme.Methods: De novo gene synthesis, expression of 6xHis-tagged protein in E.coli, immobilized metal affinity chouromatography, biochemical tests for activities of phosphatase and phytase.Results: Thermotolerantphytase was produced in E.coli using recombinant expression system. The obtained enzyme had phosphatise activity (hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl phosphate) and phytase activity (hydrolyzed sodium phytate). The recombinant phytase tolerated increase of incubation temperature up to 70°C and demonstrated increase in activity towards phytate with increase in the reaction temperature in the range 30°C-70°C.Conclusion: Described gene and expression system have prospects of utilization in development of pilot industrial production of phytase in the country.
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Selle, Peter H., Shemil P. Macelline, Peter V. Chrystal, and Sonia Yun Liu. "The Contribution of Phytate-Degrading Enzymes to Chicken-Meat Production." Animals 13, no. 4 (February 9, 2023): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13040603.
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The contribution that exogenous phytases have made towards sustainable chicken-meat production over the past two decades has been unequivocally immense. Initially, their acceptance by the global industry was negligible, but today, exogenous phytases are routine additions to broiler diets, very often at elevated inclusion levels. The genesis of this remarkable development is based on the capacity of phytases to enhance phosphorus (P) utilization, thereby reducing P excretion. This was amplified by an expanding appreciation of the powerful anti-nutritive properties of the substrate, phytate (myo-inositol hexaphosphate; IP6), which is invariably present in all plant-sourced feedstuffs and practical broiler diets. The surprisingly broad spectra of anti-nutritive properties harbored by dietary phytate are counteracted by exogenous phytases via the hydrolysis of phytate and the positive consequences of phytate degradation. Phytases enhance the utilization of minerals, including phosphorus, sodium, and calcium, the protein digestion, and the intestinal uptakes of amino acids and glucose to varying extents. The liberation of phytate-bound phosphorus (P) by phytase is fundamental; however, the impacts of phytase on protein digestion, the intestinal uptakes of amino acids, and the apparent amino acid digestibility coefficients are intriguing and important. Numerous factors are involved, but it appears that phytases have positive impacts on the initiation of protein digestion by pepsin. This extends to promoting the intestinal uptakes of amino acids stemming from the enhanced uptakes of monomeric amino acids via Na+-dependent transporters and, arguably more importantly, from the enhanced uptakes of oligopeptides via PepT-1, which is functionally dependent on the Na+/H+ exchanger, NHE. Our comprehension of the phytate–phytase axis in poultry nutrition has expanded over the past 30 years; this has promoted the extraordinary surge in acceptance of exogenous phytases, coupled with the development of more efficacious preparations in combination with the deflating inclusion costs for exogenous phytases. The purpose of this paper is to review the progress that has been made with phytate-degrading enzymes since their introduction in 1991 and the underlying mechanisms driving their positive contribution to chicken-meat production now and into the future.
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DULIŃSKI, Robert, Marek ZDANIEWICZ, and Aneta PATER. "Effect of Phytase Addition to Buckwheat Wort on the Selected Fermentable Sugars, Polypeptide Profile and Nitrogen Content from Free Aminoacids." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Food Science and Technology 78, no. 1 (May 16, 2021): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2020.0053.
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Relatively high levels of phytates in buckwheat malt and the low activity of endogenous phytases that limit the effective use of substrates for fermentation and yeast metabolism (starch, proteins, minerals) are an argument for using phytases in beer production technology. Two mash-in programs were applied: (1) the Congress program, typical for basic raw materials, (2) a program with temperature optimized for phytase activity. Commercial preparations of 3-phytase (Finase P) and 6-phytase (Ronozyme) were used in the study. Monitored levels of selected fermentable sugars indicates a statistically significant effect of phytase addition on the glucose content in both mash-in programs used. The SEC-HPLC chromatography allowed to select a key polypeptide with an estimated molecular weight of 40 kDa, whose relative peak area decreases as a result of the applied mash-increase treatment with phosphorolytic enzymes, although this relation was not statistically confirmed in the analysis of free amino acids content. The analyses carried out also indicate that apart from the target molecules, namely phytate and inositol, the use of phytases in the process of buckwheat wort preparation slightly changes the profile of fermentable sugars and causes significant changes in the polypeptide profile of the final mash.
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Reshetnichenko, O., V. Kryukov, P. Antonenko, L. Tarasenko, I. Glebova, S. Zinoviev, O. Piven, A. Antipov, and R. Mylostyvyi. "Anti-nutritional effect of phytates – extraphosphoric effect of phytase." Tehnologìâ virobnictva ì pererobki produktìv tvarinnictva, no. 1(147) (May 29, 2019): 6–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9289-2019-147-1-06-23.
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The increase of animal and poultry production can be achieved by the effective use of fodder, including vegetable feed. However, it is known that the vegetable feed can contain anti-nutrients (phytic acid or its salts). They reduce the nutrient availability in the diet. That is why, the research aim is the description of the phytate influence on the body and the definition of the right feed phytases for fodder production. Phosphorus is responsible for the energy supply to the body for metabolic processes. It plays a significant role in the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. It takes part in the synthesis of enzymes, hormones, vitamins. Phosphorus ensures the stability of the skeleton of animals along with calcium. However, the predominant part of phosphorus is not available for animals in the vegetable feed as it is presented by phytates, which do not split in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of animals. When phytates get into the acidic environment of the stomach they ionize and react with positively charged minerals, proteins, amino acids creating compounds that are inaccessible for further digestion. The availability of phosphorus from phytates is provided by the phytase adding to the fodder, which not only splits phytates, but also reduces their anti-nutritional effect by concentration decreasing. From the present-day data it is known that phytates contain difficult soluble phosphorus. They also make it difficult to absorb another biologically active nutrients from fodder. The enrichment of the animal diet with microbial phytase makes calcium, zinc and copper be more accessible. It improves digestibility of food and stimulates weight gain. Phytase activity determined by the laboratory method does not allow to make up a conclusion about its expected effectiveness for animals. At present it is almost impossible to conduct such complex research and to use the dynamic modeling of digestion processes in the laboratory. The decision about the appropriate use of proposed preparations with phytase in the fodder is made on the basis of the production test. Keywords: animal feed, enzymes, phytase, anti-nutritional effect of phytates, extra phosphoric effect of phytase, activity of the feed preparations of phytase.
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Suleimanova, Aliya, Daria Bulmakova, and Margarita Sharipova. "Heterologous Expression of Histidine Acid Phytase From Pantoea sp. 3.5.1 in Methylotrophic Yeast Pichia Pastoris." Open Microbiology Journal 14, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874285802014010179.
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Background and Objective: The major storage form of phosphorus in plant-derived feed is presented by phytates and not digested by animals. Phytases are able to hydrolyze phytates and successfully used as feed additives. Nevertheless, nowadays, there is a constant search of new phytases and expression systems for better production of these enzymes. In this study, we describe cloning and expression of gene encoding histidine acid phytase from Pantoea sp. 3.5.1 using methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris as the host. Methods: The phytase gene was placed under the control of the methanol-inducible AOX1 promoter and expressed in P. pastoris. Experiments of small-scale phytase expression and activity assays were used to test recombinant colonies. Four different signal peptides were screened for better secretion of phytase by P. pastoris. After 36 h of methanol induction in shake flasks, the maximum extracellular phytase activity (3.2 U/ml) was observed in P. pastoris strain with integrated construct based on pPINK-HC vector and Kluyveromyces maxianus inulinase gene signal sequence. This phytase was isolated and purified using affinity chromatography. Results: Recombinant phytase was a glycosylated protein, had a molecular weight of around 90 kDa and showed maximum activity at pH 4.0 and at 50°C. Recombinant phytase had excellent thermal stability – it retained high residual activity (100% ± 2%) after 1 hour of heat treatment at 70°C. Conclusion: The enhanced thermostability of the recombinant phytase, its expression provided by strong inducible promotor and the effectively designed expression cassette, the simple purification procedure of the secreted enzyme, and the possibility of large-scale expression make the foundation for further production of this bacterial phytase in P. pastoris at an industrial scale.
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Duliński, Robert, Marek Zdaniewicz, Aneta Pater, Dagmara Poniewska, and Krzysztof Żyła. "The Impact of Phytases on the Release of Bioactive Inositols, the Profile of Inositol Phosphates, and the Release of Selected Minerals in the Technology of Buckwheat Beer Production." Biomolecules 10, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10020166.
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A relatively high concentration of phytate in buckwheat malt, and the low activity of endogenous buckwheat phytases, both of which limit the effective use of substrates (starch, proteins, minerals) for fermentation and yeast metabolism, gives rise to the potential for application of phytases in beer production. This study aims at obtaining a 100% buckwheat wort with high bioactive cyclitols (myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol) concentrations released by exogenous phytases and acid phosphatases. Two mashing programs were used in the study, i.e., (1) typical for basic raw materials, namely the well-established Congress method, and (2) optimized for phytase activity. The results indicated a nearly 50% increase in the level of bioactive myo-inositol and an 80% degradation of phytate in the wort as a result of simultaneous application of phytase and phosphatase enzymes in the mashing of buckwheat malt. In addition, high D-chiro-inositol concentrations were released from malt to the buckwheat wort. The concerted action of the two phytases significantly increased (19–44%) Zn2+ concentrations in wort. This may be of great importance during mash fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts. There is a potential to develop technology for buckwheat beer production, which, in addition to being free from gluten, comprises high levels of bioactive myo- and D-chiro-inositols.
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Suliasih, S. Widawati, A. Z. N. Ikhwani, Suyadi, and I. M. Sudiana. "Phytase activity of phytase-producing bacteria isolated from mangrove sediment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 976, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/976/1/012041.
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Abstract Through the role of phytase, some soil bacteria can mineralize insoluble organic P such as phytate (myoinositol hexakisphosphate). Phytase is a secreted enzyme possessing the ability to hydrolyze phytate into phosphate esters and inorganic P for plants absorption. This study aimed to isolate phytase-producing bacteria from mangrove sediment and examine the influence of nutrients (source of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) and physical conditions (temperature, pH, NaCl tolerance) on maximum phytase production. The presence of phytase activity was determined by examining the individual colonies for the formation of a clear zone. Furthermore, the isolates were screened qualitatively and quantitatively using solid and liquid phytase screening medium (PSM) containing sodium Phytate as substrates. The result showed that a total of 48 isolates have the potential to produce phytase with a production range of 1.11 - 14.83U/mL. The isolate F15 as Bacillus altitudinis was found to produce the highest phytase after 72 hours of incubation, was selected for further analysis. This strain resulted in optimal phytase levels at 35°C and a pH of 6.5 in physical parameters, tolerated 5% NaCl in the presence of lactose and tryptone, which served as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively.
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Chuiko, N. V., A. Yu Chobotarov, and I. K. Kurdish. "Abiotic Factors Influence on Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7023 Phytase Activity." Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 84, no. 6 (February 28, 2023): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj84.06.003.
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Bacteria of the Bacillus genus can synthesize specific phytase enzymes. This property is especially important for soil bacteria. It helps to mineralize phytin and phytates and to provide these bacteria and plants (in the root zone of which they live) with the available phosphorus. Our previous studies have demonstrated that the Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7023 strain exhibits a phytase activity and can use phytate as a nutrition source. It is a component of the «Azogran» complex bacterial preparation for crop production. As known, abiotic environmental factors can influence the phytase activity of bacteria. In particular, the phytase activity changes significantly under different pH and temperatures. Solid soil particles, including nanosized minerals, can also influence bacteria’s enzymatic activity. The influence of abiotic factors on Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7023 phytase activity has not previously been studied, so this was the aim of our research. Methods. The phytase activity of bacteria was studied by measuring the amount of phosphate released from sodium phytate during the enzymatic reaction, and the nanomaterials’ influence on growth — by cultivation methods. Results. The highest B. subtilis IMV B-7023 phytase activity was observed at 28°C. Also, there was no B. subtilis IMV B-7023 phytase activity at pH 4—6. However, this activity increased at pH 7 and did not change significantly with increasing the buffer system pH to 12. Silicon dioxide influence on the B. subtilis IMV B-7023 growth activity during cultivation in a media with phytate as a phosphorus source depended on the nanomaterial concentration. Thus, at 0.05 and 0.5 g/L of silicon dioxide in the medium, this strain growth activity increased by 8—18%, and at 5.0 g/L of these nanoparticles, bacteria growth inhibition by 19% was observed. At the same time, clay mineral bentonite did not affect the B. subtilis IMV B-7023 growth under the studied cultivation conditions. In addition, silicon dioxide and bentonite stimulated B. subtilis IMV B-7023 phytase activity at all studied concentrations. So, phytase activity increased by 1.82—3.34 times upon adding silicon dioxide and by 2.54—5.83 times upon adding bentonite into the medium. Since the optimal values for phytase activity of most genus Bacillus bacteria are within neutral pH values and temperatures within 50—55°C, a property of B. subtilis IMV B-7023 to show maximum phytase activity at alkaline pH and lower temperatures (28°C) and also stimulation of this activity by soil minerals increases competitiveness of this strain as a component of a bacterial preparation for crop production. Conclusions. Abiotic environmental factors influence the B. subtilis IMV B-7023 supernagrowth and phytase activity. Optimal physicochemical factors for the phytase activity of these bacteria are temperature 28°C and pH 7—12. The concentrations 0.05, 0.5, and 5.0 g/L of silicon dioxide and bentonite increase B. subtilis IMV B-7023 phytase activity. The effect of these nanoscale minerals on the B. subtilis IMV B-7023 growth depends on their type and concentration during cultivation in the medium with phytate as a phosphorus source. The obtained results indicate the potential ability of the B. subtilis IMV B-7023 strain to effectively assimilate phytates in neutral and alkaline soils, especially due to the interaction of these bacteria with bentonite and silicon dioxide nanoparticles. This expands the possibility of using B. subtilis IMV B-7023 in agricultural technologies.
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Jatuwong, Kritsana, Jaturong Kumla, Nakarin Suwannarach, Kenji Matsui, and Saisamorn Lumyong. "Bioprocessing of Agricultural Residues as Substrates and Optimal Conditions for Phytase Production of Chestnut Mushroom, Pholiota adiposa, in Solid State Fermentation." Journal of Fungi 6, no. 4 (December 21, 2020): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6040384.
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Phytase is an enzyme that breaks down phytates to release phosphorus in an available form. This enzyme plays an important role in animals, especially monogastric animals. It serves to improve phytate digestion along with phosphorus absorption, which are required for optimal growth performance and health. In this study, five mushroom species (Amauroderma rugosum SDBR-CMU-A83, Ganoderma mastoporum SDBR-CMU-NK0244, Marusmius sp.1 SDBR-CMU-NK0215, Pholiota adiposa SDBR-CMU-R32 and Piptoporellus triqueter SDBR-CMU-P234) out of 27 mushroom species displayed positive phytase production by agar plate assay. Consequently, these five mushroom species were selected for determination of their potential ability to produce phytase under solid-state fermentation using five agricultural residues (coffee parchment, oil palm empty fruit bunches, rice bran, sawdust, and water hyacinth) as substrates. The highest yield of phytase production (17.02 ± 0.92 units/gram dry substrate) was obtained after one week of fermentation. Optimization for phytase production was determined by statistical approaches using a Plackett–Burman design to screen ten parameters of relevant substrate components. Two significant parameters, the amount of water hyacinth and the moisture content, were found to affect the production process of phytase. Furthermore, the optimal temperature, pH value, and fermentation period were evaluated. The results indicated that the highest degree of phytase production at 53.66 ± 1.68 units/gram dry substrate (3.15-fold increase) was obtained in water hyacinth containing 85% moisture content by addition with a suitable basal liquid medium at a pH value of 6.5 after being incubated at 30 °C for seven days. The crude phytase of P. adiposa was precipitated and the precipitated extract was then used to determine partial characterizations. The precipitated extract displayed high activities after exposure to conditions of 42 °C and pH 5.0. Furthermore, Fe2+ enhanced phytase activity and precipitated extract displayed the best stability at a pH value of 8.0 and a temperature of 4 °C.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Phytase Production"
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Kerovuo, Janne. "A novel phytase from Bacillus : characterization and production of the enzyme." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2000. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/mat/bioti/vk/kerovuo/.
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Moss, Amy F. "Nutritional strategies to enhance the efficiency of chicken-meat production." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20031.
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There is, of necessity, an ongoing quest to develop nutritional strategies to enhance chicken-meat production to meet the growing global demand. A better appreciation of starch and protein digestive dynamics is one such strategy. Digestive dynamics is the balance of protein and starch digestion, amino acid and glucose absorption, and the transition of nutrients across enterocytes into the portal circulation and to the sites of protein deposition. Protein and starch digestive dynamics are important for efficient lean muscle deposition. Phytase inclusion and whole grain feeding are two more nutritional strategies that are widely adopted by the Australian chicken-meat industry in tandem and both may influence protein and starch digestive dynamics. Thus, it is important to examine all three in tandem as is done within this thesis. The hallmark response of whole grain feeding regimes are heavier relative gizzard weights, and the gizzard is the prime site of phytate degradation by exogenous phytase. Therefore, whole grain feeding regimes should improve gizzard functionality and thereby facilitate phytate degradation by exogenous phytase. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of whole grain feeding studies examining protein/starch digestibility, digesta passage rates or protein/starch digestive dynamics. Phytase is reported to improve amino acid digestibilities and to effect a ‘proximal shift’ in the sites of amino acid absorption. However, the potential influence of phytase on amino acid and glucose absorption and transition into the portal circulation is yet to be investigated. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to evaluate phytase inclusion and whole grain feeding regimes separately and in tandem within a digestive dynamics context to identify nutritional strategies with the capacity to enhance the efficiency of chicken-meat production.
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Spier, Michele Rigon, Adenise Lorenci Woiciechowski, Carlos Ricardo 1953 Soccol, and Universidade Federal do Paraná Setor de Tecnologia Programa de Pós-Graduaçao em Processos Biotecnológicos. "Development of a bioprocess for production of a new A. niger FS3 Phytase." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/18314.
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Tang, Shuiquan. "Process engineering of Pichia pastoris cultivation for the production of a phytase with GAP promoter." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28277.
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Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) is a popular host for recombinant protein production. In this work, phytase production with P. pastoris under GAP promoter was studied. In the first part of this study, feasibility of using crude glycerol from biodiesel production as the sole carbon source for P. pastoris cultivation was investigated. Although growth inhibition was found in batch cultivations stated with high concentration of biodiesel glycerol, efficient high cell density production was realized by fed-batch cultivation started with a low concentration of biodiesel glycerol. The second part of this work focused on the study of growth kinetics with continuous cultivations under different dilution rates. The influences of dilution rate upon cell growth and phytase production were revealed and characterized with empirical equations. Based on these results, a simple kinetic model was established and model parameters were estimated mainly based on these results as well. Good agreement with experimental results was found when this model was applied to the prediction of cell growth and phytase production in regular fed-batch cultivation processes.
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Zhong, Shuping. "Study of Operational Strategies and Carbon Source Selection for the Production of Phytase using Pichia pastoris." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32204.
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The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris has become an efficient expression system for heterologous protein production. Different methods have been studied to enhance cell growth as well as the production of products of interest. Two of the major strategies for improving the product or biomass yields are optimizing bioprocess controls and cultivation conditions. In this work, the characteristics of this yeast system and of its different promoters are discussed, and the effect of operational strategies on cell growth and recombinant protein expression is also studied. The effect of different feeding strategies were studied and optimized for pGAP (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase)-regulated phytase production in P. pastoris. Alternative carbon sources were screened and the feasibility of using citric acid as a carbon source for recombinant protein production was also investigated. The effects of parameters such as the carbon source concentration and culture pH were studied using shake-flasks, and the effect of different feeding profiles on bioreactor performance was also investigated. Three feeding strategies, Stepwise feeding, Exponential feeding and DO-stat feeding were tested and DO-stat was found to be more efficient and led to a high phytase activity. A modified DO-stat method was investigated to overcome the oxygen limited condition in the standard DO-stat method. For the carbon source, citric acid showed promise in improving phytase expression. Further experiments in bioreactors performed with the
presence of certain amount of citric acid showed that less glycerol could be used to achieve the same level of phytase activity.
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Ebune, Anne Ebane. "Production of phytase and reduction of phytic acid content in canola meal by solid state fermentation." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10855.
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A static state technique for fermentation was applied using Aspergillus ficuum NRRL 3135 on canola meal for the production of phytase and for the reduction of the phytic acid content in the meal. Aspergillus ficuum was chosen as a result of its high phytase producing capacity. In the study of the effects of physical and nutritional factors on the enzyme production and the phytic acid content reduction, it was found that moisture content was a critical factor and 64% water in the medium was found to be the optimum moisture content for both enzyme production and phytic acid content reduction. Increasing time of homogenization of inoculum up to 240 seconds improved enzyme production and phytic acid reduction. Increase in both inoculum concentration (biomass) and inoculum age up to 7-days old increased enzyme production and rate of phytic acid content reduction. With increase in initial pH of medium of up to 5.7, increased enzyme production and rate of phytic acid reduction were achieved. In the addition of surfactants to medium, sodium oleate was found to significantly increase enzyme production and the rate of phytic acid content reduction while Triton X-100 gave a negative effect. The addition of 1 mg phosphate remarkably increased the enzyme production and phytic acid content reduction; though a negative effect was obtained for systems containing combined portions of oleate and phosphate. Biomass in the solid culture was found to increase during fermentation up to 144 h of incubation and the protein content of culture also increased to about 18% after 96 h of incubation; hence this method of fermentation could be used to improve the nutritional quality of the meal for animal feed.
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Al-Asheh, Sameer. "Production of phytase and reduction of phytic acid content in canola meal by solid state fermentation using Aspergillus carbonarius." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7578.
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Solid state fermentation (SSF) with canola meal as substrate was carried out to study the production of phytase and the reduction of the phytic acid content in the meal using Aspergillus carbonarius NRC 401124. Some characteristics of the phytase were studied. $K\sb{\rm m}$ and $\nu\sb{max}$ values of 0.345 mM and 0.8071 units were determined when sodium phytate was used as the substrate for this enzyme. The enzyme showed an optimum pH and temperature of 4.7 and 53$\sp\circ$C respectively. It was found that the production of phytase was growth associated and that the maximum activity was attained after 72 h of incubation during SSF process. Apparent increases of about 25% and 10% of protein content of canola meal were noticed after 48 h and 72 h of the process respectively. A 25% reduction in the total carbohydrate concentration was reached at the end of fermentation. The rate of the reduction of phytic acid content of the meal depended on the physical parameters of the SSF. The optimum particle size of the meal for this process was found to be 1.4 mm, and negative results are noticed with particle sizes higher than 1.4 mm. It was found that the increase in glucose amount up to and including 6 g per system in the initial medium resulted in an increase in the rate of the biomass growth, enzyme concentration and the rate of phytic acid content reduction in canola meal. The addition of 1 mg of phosphate per system remarkably increased the biomass and enzyme productions and phytic acid content reduction. Sodium oleate increased the biomass and enzyme productions and the rate of phytic acid content reduction, while Triton X-100 gave a negative effect. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Contreras, Tobar Edith Andrea. "Evaluación productiva de una fitasa de origen microbiano (Ronozyme ® Phytase) en dietas de pollos Broiler." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2001. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/132085.
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Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Médico VeterinarioSe investigó el efecto de la incorporación de una fitasa comercial de origen microbiano (Ronozyme® Phytase) en dietas de pollos broiler. Se evaluó el comportamiento productivo de las aves mediante un experimento de 43 días de duración en que se utilizaron seis mil pollos broiler Ross 308 de 1 día de edad, 50% machos y 50% hembras. El experimento consistió en 4 tratamientos: 1) Dieta control sin adición de fitasa; 2) Dieta control mas fitasa (750 FTU de fitasa/kg de dieta) en reemplazo de un 0,1% del fósforo total proveniente del fosfato de calcio; 3) Dieta formulada con los mismos ingredientes de la dieta control con la adición de 750 FTU de fitasa/kg de dieta, considerando un aporte nutritivo de la fitasa de 13 kcal/kg de EMAn, 0,35% de proteína, 0,013% de lisina, 0,009% de metionina+cistina, 0,1% de Ca y 0,1% de P total, valores que se descontaron del aporte nutritivo total de la dieta; 4) Dieta idéntica al tratamiento 3, descontados los valores nutricionales recién señalados, pero sin adición de fitasa. A lo largo del experimento se utilizaron 3 dietas para cada tratamiento según los siguientes períodos: inicial (1 a 21 días); intermedia (22 a 38 días) y final (39 a 43 días). Todas las dietas fueron formuladas a base de maíz, afrecho de soya, gluten de maíz, harina de pescado y aceite vegetal. Los indicadores productivos controlados fueron peso vivo los días 1, 21 y 43, consumo de alimento, eficiencia de conversión alimenticia (ECA) y mortalidad a los 21 y 43 días de edad. Además, se calculó el porcentaje de cenizas en falanges de una muestra de 120 pollos por cada tratamiento al finalizar el período experimental. Adicionalmente, se registró el número de pollos que presentaron anormalidades esqueléticas que se manifestaron con un desplazamiento anormal de las aves a los 21 y 43 días de edad. La adición de fitasa en dietas de pollos broiler reemplazó el aporte parcial de fósforo (P) inorgánico, aminoácidos, proteína, Ca y energía metabolizable aparente corregida para nitrógeno (EMAn), sin afectar los indicadores productivos e integridad ósea de las aves. La reducción de EMAn, proteína, lisina, metionina+cistina, Ca y P de la dieta en ausencia de fitasa influyó negativamente sobre el rendimiento productivo de las aves de 1 a 43 días de edad. El cálculo económico realizado indica que la adición de 750 FTU de fitasa mejora la utilidad por pollo cuando la enzima sólo reemplaza 0,1% de P disponible de la dieta
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Misrahi, Audrey. "Transformation de végétaux par fermentation en milieu solide pour la production d'outils enzymatiques et de biomasse valorisée : application au couple "grain de maïs/Fusarium venenatum".Invertigations pour la production de phytases et de polysaccharidases." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR13247.
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Un procédé de fermentation en milieu solide a été défini puis mis en place ; il met en œuvre le grain de maïs et le champignon Fusarium venenatum. Deux outils sont également développés : un dispositif de culture statique à petite échelle permettant des expériences répétables et des anticorps anti-Fusarium pour assurer un suivi hors ligne spécifique de la croissance du champignon. Le couple F. Venenatum/maïs grain est évalué pour la production de polysaccharidases (glucoamylases, xylanases, cellulases, pectinases) et de phytases. Le couple est retenu comme source d’un cocktail de polysaccharidases ou encore d’un mélange de phosphatases au spectre large de substrats, incluant probablement l’acide phytique. Une analyse par spectrométrie de masse d’un extrait de fermentation en milieu solide permet d’identifier les homologues polysaccharidases chez F. Graminearum produites par F. Venenatum. Les résultats ouvrent également d’autres voies d’investigation pour des produits commercialisablesWe developed a solid state fermentation process. It focuses on the growth of the fungus Fusarium venenatum on a substrate based on whole maize kernel. Designs of solid cultures have been used at the laboratory scale, to define the process and, further, assist its optimization. A specific solution of following the fungus growth has been found, which use antibody anti-Fusarium. F. Venenatum/maize kernel has been tested for its ability to produce polysaccharidases and phytases. This couple leads to the production of phosphatases with a probable large range of substrates, including phytic acid, but not to “strict” phytases. Its potential for the production of polysaccharidases has been confirmed, through enzymatic assay measurements and mass spectrometry experiments. Those ones used data on F. Graminearum’s proteins. Results also indicate other final products, as well as the production of a liquid extract rich in glucose, fungi proteins and inorganic phosphate
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Wu, Pei-Hua, and 吳佩樺. "Production of Escherichia coli phytase by recombinant Pichia pastoris." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38609423050340225335.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
農業化學研究所
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Phytase, a valued feed additive for monogastric animals, has been used to hydrolyze phytic acid in feeds and to reduce the antinutrient ability of phytic acid. It also helps the release of phosphorous from phytic acid to increase phosphorous digestibility. In this study, the production of Escherichia coli phytase in recombinant Pichia pastoris KM 71-61 was investigated and the biochemical characteristics of said phytase were presented. By adding 0.5% methanol every 24 h during the stationary phase in the flask cultures, the phytase activity reached up to 150 U/ml after 144 h of induction. The phytase activity increased one fold in the case of replacing culture with fresh medium before induction. With the same strategy, the phytase activity is about 600 U/ml in fermentor cultures after 168 h of induction. The increase of phytase activity is not resulted from adding extra nutrients but from removing inhibitors. The phytase activity on cellular base was higher when initiated with lower cell density. The starvation before induction has little effect on the phytase activity due to the slow utilization of methanol in Pichia pastoris KM 71- 61.
Books on the topic "Phytase Production"
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Bedford, Michael R., Gary G. Partridge, Milan Hruby, and Carrie L. Walk, eds. Enzymes in farm animal nutrition. 3rd ed. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241563.0000.
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Abstract This third edition explores considerable advances such as the use of enzymes in fish and shrimp diets, new understanding of how phytases function in the animal, NSPase research and enzymes' extended use in ruminant markets. This book also provides comprehensive coverage of all topics relating to the production, use, cooperativity and analysis of feed enzymes. It is fully updated throughout, revealing significant developments such as new methods to deliver enzymes (formulations, encapsulations, and liquid spray systems) and advances in enzyme analysis. It also includes brand new chapters on combinations of enzymes, antibiotic-free diets and how to measure response in feed-enzyme trials. Covering biochemistry, enzymology and characteristics relevant to animal feed use, this book forms a valuable resource for academics and students of animal nutrition and production, as well as professionals in the animal feed industry.
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Chen, Bih-King. The production of canola protein isolates with a low-phytate content by CaClb2s treatment and membrane processing. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Phytase Production"
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Sabu, A., K. M. Nampoothiri, P. Latha, V. Kannan, G. Szakacs, and A. Pandey. "Phytase Production under Solid-State Fermentation." In New Horizons in Biotechnology, 27–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0203-4_3.
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Neira-Vielma, Alberto A., Cristóbal Noé Aguilar, Anna Ilyina, Georgina Michelena-Álvarez, and José L. Martínez-Hernández. "Fungal Production and Function of Phytase." In Quantitative Methods and Analytical Techniques in Food Microbiology, 145–63. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003277453-10.
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Joshi, Swati, and Tulasi Satyanarayana. "Phytase of the Unconventional Yeast Pichia anomala: Production and Applications." In Yeast Diversity in Human Welfare, 371–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2621-8_14.
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Rodehutscord, Markus, Vera Sommerfeld, Imke Kühn, and Michael R. Bedford. "Phytases: potential and limits of phytate destruction in the digestive tract of pigs and poultry." In Enzymes in farm animal nutrition, 124–52. 3rd ed. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241563.0008.
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Abstract This chapter describes the role of phytases for increasing phosphorus digestibility, the complete degradation of the inositol phosphates, the production of myo-inositol and the genetic effects in pigs and poultry.
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Menezes-Blackburn, Daniel, Ralf Greiner, and Ursula Konietzny. "Phytases: biochemistry, enzymology and characteristics relevant to animal feed use." In Enzymes in farm animal nutrition, 103–23. 3rd ed. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241563.0007.
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Vehmaanperä, Jari. "Feed enzymes: enzymology, biochemistry, and production on an industrial scale." In Enzymes in farm animal nutrition, 10–32. 3rd ed. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241563.0002.
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Abstract This chapter focused on the biochemical characteristics of commercial phytases, non-starch polysaccharide degrading enzymes, as well as other feed enzymes in the market and how some of these enzymes are produced on an industrial scale.
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Sapna, Jinender Jain, and Bijender Singh. "Production of Extracellular Phytate Hydrolyzing Enzymes by Soil Fungi." In Microbial Diversity and Biotechnology in Food Security, 431–37. New Delhi: Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1801-2_38.
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Kaur, Parvinder, and T. Satyanarayana. "Yeast Acid Phosphatases and Phytases: Production, Characterization and Commercial Prospects." In Yeast Biotechnology: Diversity and Applications, 693–714. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8292-4_31.
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Singh, Bijender, and Tulasi Satyanarayana. "Phytases and Phosphatases of Thermophilic Microbes: Production, Characteristics and Multifarious Biotechnological Applications." In Thermophilic Microbes in Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology, 671–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5899-5_25.
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Fox, M. R. S., S. H. Tao, B. E. Fry, and Y. H. Lee. "Production of Mg Deficiency Anemia by Zn and Phytate in Young Japanese Quail." In Trace Elements in Man and Animals 6, 575–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0723-5_205.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Phytase Production"
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Shuang Yu and Qingfang Zhang. "Optimization of medium components for low-temperature-active phytase production by Kurthia CZC0806 using response surface methodology." In 2011 International Symposium on Information Technology in Medicine and Education (ITME 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itime.2011.6132195.
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Doković, Vladimir, and Snežana Bogosavljević-Bošković. "ENZIMI U ISHRANI BROJLERA." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.229d.
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The paper presents the most important aspects of the action of exogenous enzymes (amylase, xylanase, glucanase, cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase, phytase and protease) added to broiler feed. The addition of broiler feed enzymes has nutritional, health, economic and environmental justification. The use of complexes of exogenous enzymes (enzyme cocktails) as additives to complete mixtures for feeding broiler chickens in different phases of fattening, significantly increases the availability of reserve polysaccharides, fats, proteins and some minerals, better energy efficiency from food, better health of chickens, better quality carcasses and chicken meat, reducing the cost of feeding fattening chickens (and thus the total cost of production), as well as reducing environmental pollution and is one of the easiest feasible alternatives to improve the profitability of production in poultry.
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Hu, Bo, David Marks, and Xiao Sun. "Fungal bioprocessing to improve quality of pennycress meal as potential feeding ingredient for monogastric animal." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/izob6294.
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Pennycress is an annual cover crop in temperate North America and its seeds contain around 30% of oil and 20% of crude protein. Pennycress oil can be used for biodiesel production, while the seed meal has limited use in animal feed due to its relative high content of phenolic compounds and crude fiber. The nutritional value of pennycress meal (PM) can be improved by processing with GRAS fungal strains. In this study, three fungal strains, Rhizopus oryzae (RO), Mucor indicus (MI), and Aspergillus oryzae (AO), were used to ferment PM that contains 21% of total amino acids and 17% of structure carbohydrates. The fermentation was performed by inoculating each strain to the sterilized PM with initial moisture of 60% and incubated statically at 28 °C for 6 days. Amino acids profile, structure carbohydrates, soluble sugar, phytate, and mycotoxins including total aflatoxins, zearalenone (ZEN), and deoxynivalenol (DON) were monitored on the samples after fermentation. As compared to control without fermentation, the total amino acids were improved by 4.0% with RO and 5.9% with AO. Threonine, arginine, alanine, and lysine were significantly enriched in RO and AO treated meal. RO and MI degraded the fiber component into cellobiose, which was increased by 3 and 5.8-fold, respectively. Phytate was reduced by 46.6% with RO, 37.3% with AO, and 33.3% with MI. Compared with the control, ZEN was reduced by 39.3%, 32%, and 50% in AO, MI and RO treated meal, respectively. Total aflatoxin content was low in PM, and MI and RO treatments further reduced its content after fermentation. No significant change of DON was observed in the PM fermented by each strain. This study demonstrated the potential of using fungi to improve the feeding value of PM, which could potentially promote the plantation of oilseed crops in the region.
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Oshilike, Ishioma, Bella Mmata, Paschal Ugwu, Martins Otokpa, Chidinma Ibekwe, Okeke Hilary, and Mike Onyekonwu. "Fingerprint Analysis of Light Crude Oils from Niger Delta." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212002-ms.
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Abstract Crude oil fingerprinting is a term applied to techniques that utilize geochemical analysis of hydrocarbon fluids composition to provide valuable information for well, reservoir and spill management. Analysis of crude oil fingerprints reveals a typical oil profile. Such a profile can provide information on formation history, type of carbon number preference during formation and route of migration. This study was undertaken using whole oil fingerprint and biomarkers of oils from twenty well strings from an onshore field in the Niger Delta Region. The aim was to evaluate light crude oils and determine thermal maturity, source rock quality, depositional environment and condensate correlation. The crude oil samples were analyzed using two major analytical techniques namely Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Evaluation of light hydrocarbon components was done using Mango parameters K1, K2, P2, P3 and N2 and the results revealed terrigenous organic matter input. Biomarker composition and pristane/phytane ratios in the range of 3.51 to 6.83 derived from GC results show that the source rock of the oils is made up of majorly terrestrial (type III) organic matter, deposited in a deltaic setting with prevailing oxic conditions. Maturity parameters calculated from Carbon Preference Indices between the range of 0.87 and 1.44 indicate the source is matured. The study provides key information on source characteristics that are applied to describe the type of petroleum prospects of a region. This study also provides information on condensate correlation, which has production implications such as application to production allocation.