Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Physique quantique à plusieurs corps'
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Victorin, Nicolas. "Gaz quantiques à plusieurs composantes sous champ de jauge." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY049.
Full textThe first observation of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in dilute atomic vapors has been a breakthrough both fundamentally, verifying theoretical concept predicted by Bose and Einstein several decades ago, revealing the statistical property of quantum particles. Since then, a new field has emerged and experimentalists are able to study this artificial matter in a very clean and controllable way. Cold-atom systems allows us to explore a whole range of fundamental phenomena that are extremely difficult or impossible to study in real materials, such as Bloch oscillation, Mott-superfluid transition, topology of band structure, orbital magnetism just to name a few. These progresses allow the quantum simulation of a large class of Hamiltonians subjected to magnetic field. Indeed, condensed matter phenomena under strong magnetic fields are still intriguing and are at the center of modern research. For instance, topological states of matter are realized in quantum Hall systems. A ladder is the simplest geometry where one can get some insight on two-dimensional quantum systems subjected to a synthetic gauge field.The first part of this thesis is dedicated to the study of double ring ladder subjected to gauge fluxes.Through both numerical and analytical calculation we explore the phase diagram of the system revealing known phases such as Meissner, vortex and biased ladder phase and the effect of commensurability of the total flux. Thanks to Bogoliubov approximation we are able to derive the excitation spectrum of the system and the nature of the low energy modes in the different phases revealing supersolid features as well as Josephson oscillation between the rings. The regime of infinite interaction between the boson enabled us to use exact mapping into fermions using Jordan-Wigner transformation to characterize the properties of the ground state. We explore the intermediate regime of interactions. Thanks to mode expansion and re-fermionization approach of the bosonized Hamiltonian of the double ring under gauge flux, we show the peculiarities of finite size periodic boundary condition on the current in the double ring with a rotating barrier inducing gauge flux.Exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities constitute an amazing playground to study quantum fluids of light where remarkable effects, similar to those observed in cold atoms experiments, arise. Even though this quantum fluid of light is assumed to be composed, almost, upon pure condensate, the non-equilibrium nature of the gas make the comparison with typical condensates in cold atom experiment rather non trivial.The second part of the thesis is devoted to the study of excitons-polariton in honeycomb lattice. One of the most interesting aspect of the honeycomb lattice problem is that its low-energy excitations are massless, chiral, Dirac particles. Exciton-polariton, which are composite particle of light, in this lattice get back the relativist character of light but in a context where condensation is possible. Features of bosons in honeycomb lattice including retarded Green’s functions, Brillouin-zone selection mechanism and link between geometry of the lattice. We show that decay mode are suppressed as a consequence of the symmetry of the lattice leading to the possibility to engineer polaritonic dark-state. Then we obtain the Bogoliubov excitation spectrum of exciton-polariton. The usual bistability curve is shown to be unstable above C point showing the break-down of mean-field theory because of possible highly non-classical state. Finally experiment and theory are compared
Mei, P. "Spatial particle correlations in 6He and 8He." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00636356.
Full textVoliotis, Dimitrios. "Contribution à l’étude des chaînes de spin quantique avec une perturbation aléatoire ou apériodique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0253/document.
Full textIn the present thesis, the critical and off-critical behaviors of quantum spin chains in presence of a random or an aperiodic perturbation of the couplings is studied. The critical behavior of the Ising and Potts random quantum chains is known to be governed by the same Infinite-Disorder Fixed Point. We have implemented a numerical version of the Strong-Disorder Renormalization Group (SDRG) to test this prediction. We then studied the quantum random Ashkin-Teller chain by Density Matrix Renormalization Group. The phase diagram, previously obtained by SDRG, is confirmed by estimating the location of the peaks of the integrated autocorrelation times of both the spin-spin and polarization-polarization autocorrelation functions and of the disorder fluctuations of magnetization and polarization. Finally, the existence of a double-Griffiths phase is shown by a detailed study of the decay of the off-critical autocorrelation functions. As expected, a divergence of the dynamical exponent is observed along the two transition lines. In the aperiodic case, we studied both the Ising and Potts quantum chains. Using numerical SDRG, we confirmed the known analytical results for the Ising chains and proposed a new estimate of the magnetic scaling dimension.For the quantum q-state Potts chain, we estimated the magnetic scaling dimension for various aperiodic sequences and showed that it is independent of q for all sequences with a vanishing wandering exponent. However, we observed that the dynamical exponent is finite and increases with the number of states q. In contrast, for the Rudin-Shapiro sequence, the results are compatible with an Infinite-Disorder Fixed Point with a diverging dynamical exponent, equipe de renormalization
Scarlatella, Orazio. "Driven-Dissipative Quantum Many-Body Systems." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS281/document.
Full textMy PhD was devoted to the study of driven-dissipative quantum many-body systems. These systems represent natural platforms to explore fundamental questions about matter under non-equilibrium conditions, having at the same time a potential impact on emerging quantum technologies. In this thesis, we discuss a spectral decomposition of single-particle Green functions of Markovian open systems, that we applied to a model of a quantum van der Pol oscillator. We point out that a sign property of spectral functions of equilibrium systems doesn't hold in the case of open systems, resulting in a surprising ``negative density of states", with direct physical consequences. We study the phase transition between a normal and a superfluid phase in a prototype system of driven-dissipative bosons on a lattice. This transition is characterized by a finite-frequency criticality corresponding to the spontaneous break of time-translational invariance, which has no analog in equilibrium systems. Later, we discuss the mean-field phase diagram of a Mott insulating phase stabilized by dissipation, which is potentially relevant for ongoing experiments. Our results suggest that there is a trade off between the fidelity of the stationary phase to a Mott insulator and robustness of such a phase at finite hopping. Finally, we present some developments towards using dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) for studying driven-dissipative lattice systems. We introduce DMFT in the context of driven-dissipative models and developed a method to solve the auxiliary problem of a single impurity, coupled simultaneously to a Markovian and a non-Markovian environment. As a test, we applied this novel method to a simple model of a fermionic, single-mode impurity
Cecile, Mario Guillaume. "Exploring quantum dynamics : from hydrodynamics to measurement induced phase transition." Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CYUN1298.
Full textIn this thesis, we take a deep dive into the world of quantum dynamics, aiming to understand the complex behaviours that arise in quantum many-body systems and the emergence of hydrodynamics behaviour. Throughout the chapters, we simplify key concepts essential for understanding how quantum systems operate. Chapter 1 presents an overview of fundamental concepts on emergent phenomena in quantum integrable systems and generalized hydrodynamics, which is essential to understand the complexities of quantum dynamics. Additionally, we offer an in-depth introduction to Matrix Product States, which are a valuable tool for efficiently simulating quantum dynamics in 1D systems. In Chapter 2, we develop a model to describe the relaxation of spin helices using the framework of generalized hydrodynamics with diffusive corrections and a modified version of the local density approximation. Our analysis demonstrates that this hydrodynamic framework accurately reproduces the experimentally observed relaxation dynamics. Additionally, it predicts the long-term relaxation behaviour, which lies beyond the experimentally accessible time scales. Our theoretical framework elucidates the occurrence of temporal regimes exhibiting seemingly anomalous diffusion and highlights the asymmetry between positive and negative anisotropy regimes at short and intermediate time intervals. Chapter 3 delves into the intriguing phenomena observed in the easy-axis regime |Δ| ≥ 1, where initial states with zero magnetic fluctuations instead locally relax to an exotic equilibrium states that we will refer to as squeezed generalized Gibbs ensemble. At the isotropic point, interestingly, we found an unusual behaviour which explicitly depend on the initial state. Namely, for the Néel state, we found extensive fluctuations and a super-diffusive dynamical exponent compatible with Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality. For another non-fluctuating initial state, e.g., product state of spin singlets, we instead found diffusive scaling. In Chapter 4, we investigate the time evolution of an extended quantum spin chains under continuous monitoring using matrix product states with a fixed bond dimension, employing the Time-Dependent Variational Principle algorithm. This algorithm yields an effective classical nonlinear evolution with a conserved charge, offering an approximation to the true quantum evolution with some error. We find that the error rate exhibits a phase transition as the strength of the monitoring varies, and this transition can be accurately identified through scaling analysis with relatively small bond dimensions. Our approach enables efficient numerical determination of critical parameters associated with measurement-induced phase transitions in many-body quantum systems. Furthermore, in the presence of U(1) global spin charge, we observe a distinct charge-sharpening transition, which occurs independently of the entanglement transition. This transition is identified by analysing the charge fluctuations within a local subset of the system over extended time periods. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of TDVP time evolution as a means to detect measurement-induced phase transitions in systems of varying dimensions and sizes.Finally, the last chapter provides a conclusive summary of the findings and discusses potential avenues for future research
Molineri, Anaïs. "Un nouveau dispositif pour étudier la relaxation d'un système quantique à N corps." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLO013/document.
Full textThis manuscript presents the first steps of a new ultracold atoms experiment using strontium 84. The aim of this experiment is to study the relaxation dynamics of quantum gases initially prepared in an out-of-equilibrium state. This experiment will include a quantum gas microscope, allowing us to measure spatial correlation functions in two-dimensionnal systems. The current state of the construction allows us to generate both magneto-optical trap of strontium: along its wide transition at 461 nm and its narrow transition at 689 nm. Concurrently with the experimental setup, we carried out works on a reconstruction algorithm required for the future data processing of the microscope images. This manuscript details experimental aspects, justifying their choices, and presents the current state of work on the reconstruction algorithm. There are still steps to complete the experimental setup: add a chamber where we will make the measurements to the vaccuum system, set up the quantum gaz microscope and all the required optics to transport the atomic clouds between two vaccuum chambers, to reach Bose-Einstein condensation and to confine the atoms in two-dimensionnal optical traps
CHAU, Huu-Tai. "Symétrie et géométrie du problème à N-corps. Application à la physique nucléaire." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002252.
Full textFrerot, Irénée. "Corrélations quantiques : une approche de physique statistique." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN061/document.
Full textThe notion of coherence, intimately related to the notion of wave-particle duality, plays a central role in quantum mechanics. When quantum coherence extends over several particles inside a system, the description in terms of individual objects becomes impossible, due to the development of quantum correlations (or entanglement). In this manuscript, we focus on equilibrium systems, for which we show that coherent fluctuations add up to the fluctuations predicted by thermodynamic identities, valid for classical systems only. In the ground state, coherent fluctuations are the only ones to subsist, an in this case we study their relationship with entanglement entropy. We show in particular that an hypothesis of effective temperature, spatially modulated, captures the structure of entanglement in a many-body system, and we show how this temperature can be reconstructed from usual correlation functions. Our results also enable for a refined understanding of quantum phase transitions. We show in particular that the phase transition between a bosonic Mott insulator and a superfluid gives rise to a singularity of entanglement entropy induced by amplitude fluctuations of the phase of the condensate. We finally identify a coherence length governing the scaling behaviour of coherent fluctuations inside the quantum critical region in the finite-temperature vicinity of a quantum critical point, and open novel perspectives for the metrological advantage offered by the exceptional coherence which develops close to quantum critical points, based on the example of the quantum Ising model
Chau, Huu-Tai Pierre. "Symétrie et géométrie du problème à N-corps : application à la physique nucléaire." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN2029.
Full textPomeransky, Andrei A. "Intrication et imperfections dans le calcul quantique." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30132.
Full textQuantum information is a new domain of physics, which studies the applications of quantum systems to the computation and to the information transmission. The quantum computers use the lows of quantum mechanics to perform the calculations much more efficiently than all currently existing computers can. The quantum computers will be influenced by all kinds of perturbations. We study, in the case of two very different quantum computations, the efficiency of the quantum computers in the presence of the static imperfections. One of the fundamental reasons of the extraordinary efficiency of the quantum computers is the effect of quantum entanglement. In the present thesis we study certain important properties of a widely used quantitative measure of entanglement. We consider also the average informational entropy of quantum states, find an explicit expression for this quantity and study some its most important properties
Rotureau, Jimmy. "Modèle en couches avec plusieurs particules dans le continuum : description de la radioactivité deux protons." Caen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CAEN2003.
Full textLienhard, Vincent. "Physique quantique expérimentale à N corps dans des matrices d'atomes de Rydberg. Des modèles de spins à la matière topologique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02949007.
Full textRydberg-based platforms, involving single atoms trapped in arrays of optical tweezers and excited to Rydberg states, have recently proven attractive to perform quantum simulation of many-body physics. In this thesis, we first demonstrated the generation of arrays of optical tweezers fully loaded by single ground-state atoms. The trapping technique was then extended for Rydberg atoms. The latest are repelled from high-intensity regions via the ponderomotive force, so we created holographically dark regions surrounded by light to confine them. We also studied spin-spin correlations in artificial Ising or XY magnets, engineered by using either the van der Waals or the resonant dipolar coupling between Rydberg atoms. In the Ising case, we observed the growth of antiferromagnetic correlations during a dynamical tuning of the Hamiltonian, revealing an effective velocity for the spreading of correlations, and a typical site to site build-up mechanism. In the XY case, we demonstrated the preparation of a controlled number of spin excitations, and the generation of 1D XY ferromagnets and a 2D stripy order phase (ferromagnetic chains anti-aligned with respect to each other). Finally, we used additional exchange terms of the dipole-dipole interaction to engineer complex hopping amplitudes for an effective particle. This resulted in the emergence of an artificial gauge field, characterized on a minimal three-atom system, and opens the way to the observation of chiral edge states, a signature of topological insulators
Rotureau, J. "Modèle en couches avec plusieurs particules dans le continuum : description de la radioactivité deux protons." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008959.
Full textGarioud, Renaud. "When perturbation theory goes non-perturbative : applications to strongly-correlated systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAX052.
Full textThis thesis focuses on developing new algorithms for the study of strongly correlated materials. They are quantum systems in which interactions between electrons, such as the Coulomb repulsion, play a major role and give rise to remarkable physical properties (like high temperature superconductivity) which can't be described using a one-body formalism. To fully understand these phenomenon one has to treat the full system of many particles and their interactions : this is the many body problem.The project of this thesis is developing, analyzing and applying numerical methods called diagrammatic to these systems. A lots of fundamental questions remain unanswered about the using of perturbative methods to describe a system which is, by definition, in a non-perturbative regime. What are the limits of these approaches? How do correlations effects control the structure of the perturbative series ?Algorithmic developments will be applied to the study of strongly correlated systems, such as the Hubbard model, which will allow to cope with current topics of interest in condensed matter physics, in particular with the physics of correlated magnetism and of the pseudo gap in cuprate superconductors, or with the existence of a Mott phase transition with no preexisting ordered phase as it has been recently observed in experiments on organic materials
Mei, Pu. "Corrélations spatiales des particules dans l’Hélium-6 et dans l’Hélium-8." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2066.
Full textIn a nuclear system, each nucleon is subject to nuclear forces exerted by the others, and the structure of states provides evidence of the nature of the interactions. On the other hand, the nuclear wave function is a measure of the probability of a particular geometry. As such, it provides an illustrative picture of the geometric structures inside the nucleus. Knowledge of the geometries of nuclear matter in specific quantum states helps understand nuclear structure and interactions, provides theoretical validation and allows prediction of experimental results. This thesis has its focus on the geometries of two and four identical particle systems, in particular those resulting from the short-range attractive nature of nuclear interactions. For two-particle systems coupled to an arbitrary angular momentum, distinct spatial and angular configurations are found regularly related to the quantum numbers, which is explained analytically. Application to the Borromean halo nucleus 6He with first the delta interaction and then the pairing interaction shows the coexistence of the di-neutron and the cigar-like configurations, with a predominance of the former over the latter. As for four-particle systems, 8He is studied as a prototype. The expression of the angular probability density is derived analytically for a general 0+ state. Configurations in terms of relative angles where the angular probability density peaks fall into two categories of geometries with specific symmetries, which can be considered as the generalization of the geometries of a two-particle system to those of a four-particle system
Schelle, Alexej. "Environment-induced dynamics in a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00438496.
Full textHubert, Mickaël. "Théorie "Coupled Cluster" relativiste pour les états excités au rang d'excitation général. Applications aux molécules diatomiques." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844310.
Full textHuillery, Paul. "Few and MaPhysique à quelques et à N- corps dans les gaz de Rydberg froidsny-body Physics in cold Rydberg gases." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00817418.
Full textRabinovic, Mihail. "Quasithermalization of fermions in a quadrupole potential and evaporative cooling of 40K to quantum degeneracy." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEE019/document.
Full textIn this thesis we investigate experimentally the physics of a cold fermionic mixture consisting of 6Li and 40K. After a short description of the experimental apparatus and of a few technical particularities implemented during my PhD, for example the light-induced atomic desorption in the 2D-MOT by UV-light, we focus on two main observations of the fermionic nature of the gas.The first part describes the quasithermalization of 6Li in a magnetic quadrupole potential. Even though collisions are absent in a spin-polarized fermionic gas below a given temperature, the statistical ensemble undergoes energy redistribution after an excitation within the linear potential. We present an extensive experimental study as well as a comprehensive theoretical analysis. Moreover, the studied Hamiltonian can be canonically mapped onto a system of massless, harmonically trapped particles and the previously developed results are re-interpreted in order to describe this experimentally inaccessible system. A further development of the realized experiment allows even for the implementation of spin-orbit coupling in a gas of non-interacting fermions.In the second part, we describe the evaporative cooling of 40K to quantum degeneracy. Through different evaporative cooling stages we reach with a final number of 1.5e5 atoms in the ground-state a temperature of 62nK, which corresponds to 17% of the Fermi temperature
Hansen, Hubert. "Méthodes non-perturbatives en théorie quantique des champs : au-delà du champ moyen, l'approximation de la phase aléatoire." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003814.
Full textEn se plaçant au-delà du champ moyen où seules sont prises en compte les corrélations entre une particule et un potentiel "moyen" à un corps, la RPA va permettre de rajouter dans le calcul de l'état fondamental des corrélations entre particules.
Afin de mettre en place le formalisme, on applique la RPA, sons différentes formes (standard, renormalisée, en termes de fonctions de Green), à l'une des plus simples théories des champs en interaction, la théorie scalaire lambda x phi^4. On montre qu'il se produit une transition de phase due à une brisure dynamique de symétrie dont le paramètre critique se rapproche des résultats obtenus sur réseaux et par la technique des "clusters". Les résultats sont aussi présentés à température finie pour le champ moyen.
On étudie également un modèle effectif réaliste de la transition de phase chirale, le modèle sigma-linéaire et on montre que le théorème de Goldstone est restauré, contrairement à l'approximation gaussienne.
Enfin pour éclaircir quelques points de la RPA et, aller au-delà des corrélations obtenues dans la forme renormalisée, on considère l'oscillateur anharmonique en mécanique quantique, en introduisant les corrélations minimales au-delà du champ moyen et on montre que les corrélations RPA améliorent grandement le résultat obtenu en champ moyen.
Sirjean, Olivier. "Collisions ionisantes : un nouveau diagnostic pour les condensats de Bose-Einstein d'hélium métastable." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003088.
Full textReymond, Georges-Olivier. "Etudes expérimentales d'atomes dans un piège dipolaire microscopique." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002178.
Full textAmblard, David. "Formalisme à N-corps GW environné dans une approche fragment : développements et applications à des systèmes complexes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALY028.
Full textThe GW formalism, a Green’s function many-body perturbation theory, is growing in popularity for the description of the electronic properties of condensed matter systems in solid-state physics, and more recently chemistry. Unfortunately, its application to complex systems of interest in nanosciences, chemistry, or even biology, is hampered by the large associated computing cost, in particular in the case of disordered systems, or systems immersed in an opened environment (a solvent, a molecular medium, an electrode, etc.) The goal of the present PhD thesis is to focus on the development of multiscale techniques, merging high-level many-body treatments of the subsystem of interest, with a simplified but fully ab initio description of the electrostatic and dielectric environment. Such approaches aim to go beyond classical parametrized models, mainly developed in the quantum chemistry community, which are based on a continuum (“polarizable continuum model”) or discrete (QM/MM) description of the environment.To reach such a goal, we adopt a divide-and-conquer fragmentation scheme for the environment, particularly suited to molecular systems. This leads to a block-diagonal non- interacting electron susceptibility, decreasing the algorithmic complexity from quartic to cubic. To reduce the prefactor associated with the inversion of the Dyson equation for the screened Coulomb potential W, we have further developed a compression algorithm for the susceptibility operator. The automatic computation of an extremely compact polarization basis set allows a large reduction of the size of the susceptibility blocks, associated to the fragments in the environment. Such a method enables us to compute the dielectric response of systems made of several hundred thousand atoms, with an excellent accuracy when it comes to reproduce the effect of the environment as a response to an excitation in the immersed subsystem. This approach is presented through the study of fullerene bulk, surface and subsurface crystals.While the GW formalism is dynamical, with a frequency-dependent screened Coulomb potential W, a first study is done adopting a static approximation (low-frequency limit) for the screening properties of the environment. Such an approach follows the traditional semi-empirical models of a polarizable environment. This PhD thesis assesses the validity of such an approximation, which assumes an instantaneous response (adiabatic limit) of the environment to an electronic excitation, thanks to an explicit comparison with a fully dynamical dielectric response of the environment. The study of a surface of fullerenes, as well as a water molecule inside a metallic carbon nanotube, show that a static description of the environment leads to errors on the polarization energy below 10%, provided that the “folding” of the environment is treated in a proper way.The fragment approach is also applied to covalent insulator crystals, and more particularly to hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). We explain how to compute the energy levels of point defects in h-BN, in the true dilute limit, and we give the asymptotic scaling laws for the renormalization of these energy levels, from the monolayer to a (n)-layer system. This study highlights thus the possibility to apply the fragment approach to covalent insulator systems, a possibility hinging probably on the short range behavior of the susceptibility in these systems.All of these developments, extending ab initio many-body methods to increasingly complex systems, have been implemented in the massively parallel code beDeft, dedicated to the study of the electronic properties of large scale systems
Mora, Christophe. "Systèmes quantiques en interaction : physique mésoscopique et atomes froids." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00712112.
Full textShevate, Sayali. "Preparation and Rydberg excitation of large arrays of microscopic atomic ensembles." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021STRAE003.
Full textUltracold atoms in optical tweezer arrays have emerged as one of the most versatile platforms for quantum many-body physics, quantum simulation and quantum computation. In this thesis, I report a way to achieve fully occupied tweezer arrays to sizes well beyond 200 sites by exploiting elastic collisions as compared to light-assisted inelastic collisions and along the way greatly advance the feasibility of quantum simulations based on trapped atomic ensembles with programmable geometries. We demonstrate, for the first time, fully filled versatile arrays of atomic ensembles > 400 tweezers prepared using a digital micromirror device, where each tweezer contains ~ 60 atoms in a microscopic volume, high atom number and remarkably low atom number fluctuations. As a necessary pre-requisite to performing the coherent manipulation of the Rydberg excitation of these atomic ensembles, I present experiments on narrow line with two-photon Rydberg excitation of these large arrays of atomic ensembles. I also discuss an analysis of the effects causing spectral broadening. This work paves the way towards detailed analysis of many-body effects in a structured Rydberg gas-an important step towards building a quantum simulator based on trapped atomic ensembles in optical tweezer arrays. This opens up applications ranging from quantum simulation of exotic quantum spin models, quantum dynamics including transport and many-body localization and quantum cellular automat a with programmable spatial configurations and versatile Rydberg mediated interactions
Huillery, Paul. "Few and Many-body Physics in cold Rydberg gases." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112040/document.
Full textUring this thesis, the Physics of interacting systems has been investigated experimentally using Cold Rydberg gases. Rydberg atoms are highly excited atoms and have the property to interact together through long-range electrostatic interactions.The first highlight of this thesis is the direct experimental observation of a 4-body process. This process consists in the exchange of internal energy between 4 Rydbergs atoms due to their mutual interactions. In addition to its observation, it has been possible to describ this process theoretically at a quantum level.The laser excitation of strongly interacting Rydberg gases has been also investigated during this thesis. In this regime, the interactions between Rydberg atoms give rise to very interesting many-body behaviors. In addition to fundamental interest, such systems could be used to realyze quantum simulators or non-classical light sources.A second highlight of this thesis is the experimental observation of a highly sub-poissonian, i.e correlated, excitation statistics. This result confirms the many-body character of the investigated system.The third highlight of this thesis is the development of a theoretical model to describ the laser excitation of strongly interacting Rydberg gases. Using the so-called Dicke collective states it has been possible to point out new mechanismes related to the many-body character of strongly atomic interacting systems
Schlosser, Nicolas. "Etude et réalisation de micro-pièges dipolaires optiques pour atomes neutres." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001195.
Full textl'implémentation de portes logiques quantiques. Dans ce contexte, cette étude
porte sur la réalisation d'un piège dipolaire optique de si petite taille qu'il
ne puisse contenir qu'un atome unique. Pour cela, il est nécessaire de
focaliser très fortement un laser à l'endroit où l'on désire capturer les
atomes. L'expérience s'articule donc autour d'un objectif de microscope de
grande ouverture numérique, entièrement conçu et réalisé au laboratoire. Cette
optique est utilisée pour faire focaliser un laser au centre d'un piège
magnéto-optique, réservoir d'atomes froids alimentant le piège dipolaire ainsi
créé.
Le dispositif d'observation des atomes piégés est basé sur le même objectif,
qui collecte, avec une grande efficacité, la fluorescence des atomes piégés et
en fait l'image sur une caméra CCD ou une photodiode à avalanche. La résolution
spatiale du dispositif utilisant la caméra permet d'obtenir une image des
atomes capturés, alors que l'on utilise la rapidité de la photodiode à
avalanche pour les études de la dynamique du piège avec une bonne résolution
temporelle.
Après une description détaillée de ce dispositif expérimental, nous montrons
qu'il est possible de réaliser des micro-pièges dipolaires optiques, de
quelques microns cube et contenant une dizaine d'atomes. L'étude de la
dynamique de chargement et de la durée de vie de ces pièges révèle également la
présence de processus de collisions à deux corps. Nous montrons ensuite qu'en
diminuant le taux de chargement il est possible d'observer, en temps réel, un
atome unique piégé pendant quelques secondes. Dans ce régime, un processus de
"blocage collisionnel" limite ce nombre d'atome à un. Pour finir, nous
décrirons la mise en place d'un double piège dipolaire, dans lequel on peut
piéger un atome unique dans chaque site. Ce dispositif ouvre la voie vers
l'étude de l'interaction entre atomes piégés individuellement.
Drissi, Mehdi. "Renormalization invariance of many-body observables within pionless effective field theory." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS414/document.
Full textThe current paradigm to describe the nuclear interaction is within the frame of Chiral Effective Field Theory (ₓEFT) which organizes contributions to observables in a serie of decreasing importance. It happens that the leading contribution already requires to solve exactly the Schrödinger equation with a particular Hamiltonian. The same requirement is at play in pionless EFT which considers only nucleonic degrees of freedom. Such calculations are numerically intractable for A-body observables with A >> 10. One must design an additional expansion and truncation for many-body observables. In this thesis, non-perturbative approximations on the basis self-consistent Green’s function (SCGF) and on many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) are considered together with a pionless EFT. The goal of the present thesis is to investigate, in such framework, the renormalization invariance of many-body observables computed in A-body sectors with A >> 10. Hopefully the lessons learnt can be extended to ₓEFT. Analysis of numerical calculations realized with a state-of-the-art SCGF code reveals a critical numerical approximation leading to renormalization dependent observables. A necessary fix is proposed and must be implemented before any calculations based on SCGF and EFT in the future. This emphasizes the criticality of numerical approximations for any calculation within a pionless EFT. At the same time, renormalization invariance of observables computed within MBPT is studied formally, opening the path to formulate the renormalization of a wide range of many-body truncation schemes in the future
Lasseri, Raphaël-David. "Distribution spatiale de fermions fortement corrélés en interaction forte : formalisme, méthodes et phénoménologie en structure nucléaire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS248/document.
Full textThe atomic nucleus is intrinsically a complex system, composed of strongly correlated non-elementary fermions, sensitive to strong and electroweak interaction. The description of its internal structure is a major challenge of modern physics. In fact the complexity of the nucleon-nucleon interaction generates correlations which are responsible of the diversity of shapes that the nuclei can adopt. Indeed the nuclei can adopt either quasi-homogeneous shapes when nucleons are delocalized or shapes where spatially localized structure can emerge, namely nuclear clusters. This work is an extension of relativistic mean-fields approach (RMF), which allows an universal treatment of nuclear phenomenology. In a first time we will present the necessary formalism to construct such an approach starting with the fundamental interactions underlying nucleons dynamics within the nucleus. However this approach doesn't allow an accurate reproduction of experimental properties: a purely mean-field approach neglects to many correlations. Existing methods to treat both particle-hole (deformation), particle-particle (pairing) correlations will be discussed. First we will propose a new diagrammatic method, which take correlation into account in a perturbative way, the implementation of this approach using combinatory theory will be discussed. Then we will get back to a phenomenological treatment of particle-hole correlations, to focus on the impact of particle-particle. Formation of nucleonic pair will be discussed in the language of graph theory, allowing several formal simplifications and shed a different light on pairing. Pairing correlations will be at first treated using a relativistic Hartree-Bogolioubov approach. Nevertheless this formalism doesn't conserve particle number, and thus we will present a projective approach to restore it. The effect of this restoration will also be studied. Then to describe general nuclear deformation, several implementations and optimizations developed during this PhD will be presented. With this tools, clusterisation will be investigated as phenomenon emerging for certain class of correlations. Localization measure will be derived allowing a clearer understanding of cluster physics. The analysis of theses quantities makes possible a first unified description of cluster formation both for light nuclei (Neon) or for heavy alpha emitters (Polonium). Cluster emergence will be described as a quantum phase transition, an order parameter will be displayed and this formation will be characterized as a Mott transition. The influence of pairing correlations on cluster formation is studied and a detailed study of pairs spatial properties is performed for nuclei from several mass regions. Lastly a method allowing treatment of 4-body correlations (quartteting) is proposed to explain cluster emergence as alpha particle preformation
Reimann, Thomas. "Resonant spin dynamics and 3D-1D dimensional crossovers in ultracold Fermi gases." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEE029/document.
Full textThe exploration of strongly correlated quantum many-body systems represents one of the most challenging fields of research of contemporary physics. Over the past thirty years, dilute vapors of neutral atoms suspended in vacuum and controlled with laser light have become a versatile and powerful platform for the study of such systems. At the very heart lies the ability to arbitrarily tune the interaction strength by means of magnetically induced Feshbach resonances as well as the possibility to create a wide range of potential landscapes via precisely tailored optical fields. This thesis reports on the recent results of the FerMix experiment, which is dedicated to the study of fermionic quantum many-body-systems at ultralow temperatures using the Alkali atoms 40K and 6Li. The main results presented in this text are twofold. First, we report on the experimental characterization of a novel (s,d)-wave Feshbach resonance in 6Li, the results of which are compared to the corresponding theoretical predictions. In particular, the spectrum of the inelastic loss rate is determined for different temperatures and trap depths, which enables us to identify the losses as two-body processes. Moreover, the dominant entrance channel is confirmed to be s-wave in nature. Using rate equation models we analyze the observed heating of the atomic ensemble and find the behavior to be consistent with the predicted L = 2 bound state present in the exit channel. Finally, we investigate experimentally the dynamics of the spin populations driven by resonantly enhanced inelastic collisions in dwave, observing good agreement with our numerical models. Second, we summarize our progress towards the study of dimensional crossovers between the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid in 1D and the Landau-Fermi liquid in 3D using Fermi gases of 40K confined in a large spacing optical lattice. This includes both the fundamental design considerations as well as the implementation of the required experimental hardware
Malpetti, Daniele. "Thermodynamics of strongly interacting bosons on a lattice : new insights and numerical approaches." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEN065/document.
Full textCold atoms in optical lattices offer unprecedented control over strongly correlatedmany-body states. For this reason they represent an excellent tool for the implementation ofa “quantum simulator”, which can be used to realize experimentally several Hamiltonians ofsystems of physical interest. In particular, they enable the engineering of artificial gaugefields, which gives access to the physics of frustrated magnetism. In this work, we study thethermodynamics of cold atoms both from a theoretical and a numerical point of view. Atpresent days, the most effective method used in this field is the quantum Monte Carlo. Butbecause of the so-called “sign problem” it can only be applied to a limited class of systems,which for example do not include frustrated systems. The interest of this thesis is to developof a new approximated method based on a Monte Carlo approach. The first part of this workis dedicated to theoretical considerations concerning the spatial structure of quantum andclassical correlations. These results permit to develop, in the second part, an approximationcalled quantum mean-field. This latter allows to propose, in the third part, a numericalmethod that we call “auxiliary-field Monte Carlo” and that we apply to some systems ofphysical interest, among which the frustrated triangular lattice
Despres, Julien. "Correlation spreading in quantum lattice models with variable-range interactions." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLO018.
Full textIn this thesis, we have investigated the spreading of quantum correlations in isolated lattice models with short- or long-range interactions driven far from equilibrium via sudden global quenches. A main motivation for this research topic was to shed new light on the conflicting results in the literature concerning the scaling law of the correlation edge, its lack of universality and the incompleteness of the existing physical pictures to fully characterize the propagation of quantum correlations. To do so, we have presented a general theoretical approach relying on a quasiparticle theory. The latter has permitted to unveil a generic expression for the equal-time connected correlation functions valid both for short-range and long-range interacting particle and spin lattice models on a hypercubic lattice. Relying on stationary phase arguments, we have shown that its causality cone displays a universal twofold structure consisting of a correlation edge and a series of local extrema defining the outer and inner structure of the space-time correlations. For short-range interactions, the motion of each structure is ballistic and the associated spreading velocities are related to the group and phase velocites of the quasiparticle dispersion relation of the post-quench Hamiltonian. For long-range interactions of the form 1/|R|^α, the correlation spreading is substantially different due to a possible divergence of group velocity when tuning the power-law exponent α. For a divergent group velocity, extit{ie.} the quasi-local regime, we have presented evidence of a universal algebraic structure for the causality cone. While, the correlation edge motion has been found to be always slower than ballistic, the local extrema propagate faster than ballistically and ballistically for gapless and gapped quantum systems respectively. For the local regime implying a well-defined group velocity, we have recovered similar scaling laws and spreading velocities than the short-range case for the causality cone of correlations. The previous theoretical predictions have been verified numerically using tensor network techniques within the case study of the short-range Bose-Hubbard chain and the long-range s=1/2 XY and transverse Ising chains
Lavarelo, Arthur. "De la frustration et du désordre dans les chaînes et les échelles de spins quantiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923197.
Full textArthuis, Pierre. "Bogoliubov Many-Body Perturbation Theory for Nuclei : Systematic Generation and Evaluation of Diagrams and First ab initio Calculations." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS304/document.
Full textThe last few decades in nuclear structure theory have seen a rapid expansion of ab initio theories, aiming at describing the properties of nuclei starting from the inter-nucleonic interaction. Such an expansion relied both on the tremendous growth of computing power and novel formal developments. This work focuses on the development of the recently proposed Bogoliubov Many-Body Perturbation Theory that relies on a particle-number-breaking reference state to tackle singly open-shell nuclei. The formalism is first described in details, and diagrammatic and algebraic contributions are derived up to second order. Its link to standard Many-Body Perturbation Theory is made explicit, as well as its connexion to Bogoliubov Coupled-Cluster theory. An automated extension to higher orders based on graph theory methods is then detailed, and the ADG numerical program generating and evaluating BMBPT diagrams at arbitrary order is introduced. Such a formal development carries implications that are not restricted to the present work, as the developed methods can be applied to other many-body methods. Finally, first numerical results obtained for oxygen, calcium and nickel isotopes are presented. They establish BMBPT as a method of interest for large-scale computations of isotopic or isotonic chains in the mid-mass sector of the nuclear chart
Ripoche, Julien. "Projected Bogoliubov Many-Body Perturbation Theory : Overcoming formal and technical challenges." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS325.
Full textGiven elementary inter-nucleon interactions,the resolution of the A-body Schrödinger equation gives access to the properties of the nuclear eigenstates. Many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) based on a Hartree-Fock mean field allows one to treat the dynamical correlations at play in doubly-closed-shell nuclei. Beyond shell closures,breaking U(1) symmetry associated with the conservation of neutron and proton numbers further permits to capture static correlations at the meanfield level and to formulate the well-behaved Bogoliubov many-body perturbation theory (BMBPT).Nevertheless, BMBPT results show contaminations associated with the broken symmetry that is only emergent on finite quantum system such as theatomic nucleus. Thus, the restoration of U(1) symmetry beyond the mean field is necessary for acorrect description and gives rise to the projected BMBPT method (PBMBPT). The goal is to implement PBMBPT in order to perform ab initio calculations of singly-open-shell mid-mass nuclei.The present work provides systematic solutions to the formal and technical problems arising during the implementation of PBMBPT: an automatic and safe method to generate PBMBPT diagrams and associated expressions, a framework to calculate other observables than the energy, an extension of the normal ordering approximation to symmetry breaking methods as well as an automatic and safe tool for spherical reduction of tensor networks
Bureik, Jan-Philipp. "Number statistics and momentum correlations in interacting Bose gases." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP014.
Full textThis thesis work is dedicated to the study of number statistics and momentum correlations in interacting lattice Bose gases. The Bose-Hubbard model is simulated by loading Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of metastable Helium-4 atoms into a three-dimensional (3D) optical lattice. This model exhibits a quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator that is driven by interaction-induced quantum fluctuations. The objective of this work is to comprehend the role of these quantum fluctuations by analyzing their signatures in momentum space. The original detection scheme employed towards this aim provides the single-particle resolved momentum distribution of the atoms in 3D. From such datasets made up of thousands of individual atoms, the number statistics of occupation of different sub-volumes of momentum space yield information about correlation or coherence properties of the interacting Bose gas. At close-by momenta these occupation probabilities permit the identification of underlying pure-state statistics in the case of textbook many-body states such as lattice superfluids and Mott insulators. In the weakly-interacting regime, well-established correlations between pairs of atoms at opposite momenta are observed. Furthermore, these pair correlations are found to decrease in favor of more intricate correlations between more than two particles as interactions are increased. A direct observation of non-Gaussian correlations encapsulates the complex statistical nature of strongly-interacting superfluids well before the Mott insulator phase transition. Finally, at the phase transition, fluctuations of the occupation number of the BEC mode are found to be enhanced, constituting a direct signature of the quantum fluctuations driving the transition. System-size independent quantities such as the Binder cumulant are shown to exhibit distinctive sharp features even in a finite-size system, and hold promise for constituting suitable observables for determining universal behavior when measured in a homogeneous system
Minganti, Fabrizio. "Out-of-Equilibrium Phase Transitions in Nonlinear Optical Systems." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC004/document.
Full textIn this thesis we theoretically study driven-dissipative nonlinear systems, whosedynamics is capture by a Lindblad master equation. In particular, we investigate theemergence of criticality in out-of-equilibrium dissipative systems. We present a generaland model-independent spectral theory relating first- and second-order dissipative phasetransitions to the spectral properties of the Liouvillian superoperator. In the critical region,we determine the general form of the steady-state density matrix and of the Liouvillianeigenmatrix whose eigenvalue defines the Liouvillian spectral gap. We discuss the relevanceof individual quantum trajectories to unveil phase transitions. After these general results,we analyse the inset of criticality in several models. First, a nonlinear Kerr resonator in thepresence of both coherent (one-photon) and parametric (two-photon) driving and dissipation.We then explore the dynamical properties of the coherently-driven Bose-Hubbard and of thedissipative XYZ Heisenberg model presenting a first-order and a second-order dissipativephase transition, respectively. Finally, we investigate the physics of photonic Schrödingercat states in driven-dissipative resonators subject to engineered two-photon processes andone-photon losses. We propose and study a feedback protocol to generate a pure cat-likesteady state
Bayo, Djénabou. "Détermination de phase par Deep Learning pour les systèmes désordonnés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CYUN1280.
Full textOur first model is the two-dimensional site percolation. In this paradigmatic model, sites are randomly occupied with probability «p»; a second-order phase transition from a non-percolating to a fully percolating phase appears at occupation density «p_c», called percolation threshold. Through supervised deep learning approaches like classification and regression, we explore the ability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict the density of occupation «p» of percolation states, the correlation length «xi», as well as the presence of a spanning cluster. We find that image recognition tools such as CNN, which are not naturally tailored for physics, successfully identify «p». However, when dealing with parameters like «xi» or the presence of a spanning cluster, these same techniques fail to provide quantitative results. The second model is the three-dimensional Anderson model of localisation. This model is characterised by a localisation of the wavefunctions above a critical disorder «W_c». We begin by reproducing previous work done on phase classification, and perform several new studies with classification and regression methods, to identify individual disorders in both phases. Throughout our investigation, multiple parameters such as the size of the system or the nature of the input are studied to observe their influence on the performance of the model. Via the study of these two models and the use of several ML methods, we will display the successes and limitations that one might be confronted with when using ML for phase recognition
Delange, Pascal. "Many-electron effects in transition metal and rare earth compounds : Electronic structure, magnetic properties and point defects from first principles." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX040/document.
Full textThe topic of this thesis is the first-principles theory of the electronic structure of materials with strong electronic correlations. Tremendous progress has been made in this field thanks to modern implementations of Density Functional Theory (DFT). However, the DFT framework has some limits. First, it is designed to predict ground state but not excited state properties of materials, even though the latter may be just as important for many applications. Second, the approximate functionals used in actual calculations have more limited validity than conceptually exact DFT: in particular, they are not able to describe those materials where many-electron effects are most important.Since the 1990's, different many-body theories have been used to improve or complement DFT calculations of materials. One of the most significant non-perturbative methods is Dynamical Mean-Field Theory (DMFT), where a lattice model is self-consistently mapped onto an impurity model, producing good results if correlations are mostly local. We briefly review these methods in the first part of this thesis. Recent developments on DMFT and its extensions were aimed at better describing non-local effects, understanding out-of-equilibrium properties or describing real materials rather than model systems, among others. Here, we focus on the latter aspect.In order to describe real materials with DMFT, one typically needs to start with an electronic structure calculation that treats all the electrons of the system on the same footing, and apply a many-body correction on a well-chosen subspace of orbitals near the Fermi level. Defining such a low-energy subspace consistently requires to integrate out the motion of the electrons outside this subspace. Taking this into account correctly is crucial: it is, for instance, the screening by electrons outside the subspace strongly reduces the Coulomb interaction between electrons within the subspace. Yet it is a complex task, not least because DFT and DMFT are working on different observables. In the second part of this thesis, we discuss low-energy models in the context of the recently proposed Screened Exchange + DMFT scheme. In particular, we study the importance of non-local exchange and dynamically-screened Coulomb interactions. We illustrate this by discussing semi-core states in the d10 metals Zn and Cd.In the third and last part, we use the methods described above to study the electronic structure of three fundamentally and technologically important correlated materials. First, we discuss the physics of point defects in the paramagnetic phase of bcc Fe, more precisely the simplest of them: the monovacancy. Surprisingly for such a simple point defect, its formation energy had not yet been reported consistently from calculations and experiments. We show that this is due to subtle but nevertheless important correlation effects around the vacancy in the high-temperature paramagnetic phase, which is significantly more strongly correlated than the ferromagnetic phase where DFT calculations had been done.Second, we study the metal-insulator phase transition in the metastable VO2 B phase. We show that this transition is similar to that between the conventional rutile and M2 VO2 phases, involving both bonding physics in the dimer and an atom-selective Mott transition on the remaining V atoms. Motivated by recent calculations on SrVO3, we study the possible effect of oxygen vacancies on the electronic structure of VO2.Finally, we propose a scheme beyond DFT for calculating the crystal field splittings in rare earth intermetallics or oxides. While the magnitude of this splitting for the localized 4f shell of lanthanides does not typically exceed a few hundred Kelvin, it is crucial for their hard-magnetic properties. Using a modified Hubbard I approximation as DMFT solver, we avoid a nominally small but important self-interaction error, stressing again the importance of carefully tailored low-energy models
Angelone, Adriano. "Strongly correlated systems of bosons and fermions : a diagrammatic, variational and path integral Monte Carlo study." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAF028/document.
Full textThe focus of my thesis is the investigation, via numerical approaches, of strongly correlated models of bosons and fermions. I study bosonic lattice Hamiltonians with extended--range interactions, of interest for experiments with cold Rydberg-dressed atoms, via Path Integral MonteCarlo simulations. My main result is the demonstration of a superglass in the absence of frustration sources in the system. I also study the fermionic $t-J$ model in the presence of two holes via Variational Monte Carlo with the Entangled Plaquette States Ansatz. My study is foundational to the extension of this approach to other fermionic systems, of interest for high temperature superconductivity, where the physical picture is still under debate (such as, e.g., the $t-J$ model in the case of finite hole concentration). Finally, I discuss my work on an implementation of the Diagrammatic Monte Carlo algorithm
Masella, Guido. "Exotic quantum phenomena in cold atomic gases : numerical approaches." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAF061.
Full textThe central aim of this thesis is the study of the low-energy and low-temperature properties of strongly correlated systems of bosonic particles interacting via finite- and long-range potentials, and relevant to experimental realization with cold atomic gases. This study is carried out with a combination of state-of-the-art numerical techniques such as Path Integral Monte Carlo and analytical techniques. The main result of my work is the demonstration of the existence of a stripe supersolid phase and of a rare transition between isotropic and anisotropic supersolids in a finite-range interacting model of hard-bosons on a square lattice. I also investigate the out-of-equilibrium scenarios of such models via simulated temperature quenches. Finally, I investigate how restoring energy extensivity in long-range interacting systems can have a profound incidence on the low-energy properties in the thermodynamic limit
Baboux, Florent. "Effets spin-orbite géants sur les modes collectifs de spin de puits quantiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01020564.
Full textBotzung, Thomas. "Study of strongly correlated one-dimensional systems with long-range interactions." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAF062.
Full textDuring this Ph.D., we studied one-dimensional systems with long-range couplings. In the first part, we demonstrate that power-law couplings lead to an algebraic decay of correlations at long distances in disordered quantum wires. In the second chapter, we analysed an extended Hubbard model where particles interact via a finite-range potential that induces frustration and new exotic phases. In the third chapter, we demonstrated that restoring energy extensivity has an influence on the low-energy properties of quantum model in the thermodynamic limit. Finally, we provide preliminary results on the modification of Anderson localization due to the coupling to a cavity mode
Stellin, Filippo. "Anderson localization in interacting quantum systems." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UNIP7004.
Full textIn this thesis we theoretically investigate the behaviour of quantum particles (electrons, atoms, photons, etc.) moving in a random medium and undergoing Anderson localization. For noninteractingparticles, the energy spectrum can possess one or more critical points, where the nature of the single-particle wavefunctions changes from extended to localized leading to a undergoes a metal-insulator phase transition, also known as Anderson transition.A fundamental question is whether and how Anderson transitions survive in interacting quantum systems. Here we study a minimal model of two particles moving in a disordered lattice and subject to short-range mutual interactions. By combining large-scale numerics with Green’s functions techniques, we show that two-particle Anderson transitions do occur in three dimensions and explore the phase diagram in the space of energy, disorder and interaction strength. The latter presents a rich structure, characterized by a doubly reentrant behavior, caused by the competition between scattering and bound states of the pair. We also show that previous claims of 2D Anderson transitions of the pair are essentially due to finite-size effects.A second problem that we address in this thesis is the occurrence of 2D metal-insulator transitions for a single particle in the presence of a spatially correlated potential and subject to spin-orbit interactions, described by Rashba-Dresselhaus couplings. We illustrate that, irrespective of the properties of the disorder, there is a regime where the critical energy depends linearly on the disorder strength. The slope and the intercept are studied in the vicinity of the spin-helix point, where the SU(2) symmetry is restored and the 2D metal-insulator transition disappears
Decamp, Jean. "Symétries et corrélations dans les gaz quantiques fortement interagissants à une dimension." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4060/document.
Full textThe main focus of this thesis is the theoretical study of strongly interacting quantum mixtures confined in one dimension and subjected to a harmonic external potential. Such strongly correlated systems can be realized and tested in ultracold atoms experiments. Their non-trivial permutational symmetry properties are investigated, as well as their interplay with correlations. Exploiting an exact solution at strong interactions, we extract general correlation properties encoded in the one-body density matrix and in the associated momentum distributions, in fermionic and Bose-Fermi mixtures. In particular, we obtain substantial results about the short-range behavior, and therefore the high-momentum tails, which display typical k^−4 laws. The weights of these tails, denoted as Tan’s contacts, are related to numerous thermodynamic properties of the systems such as the two-body correlations, the derivative of the energy with respect to the one-dimensional scattering length, or the static structure factor. We show that these universal Tan’s contacts also allow to characterize the spatial symmetry of the systems, and therefore is a deep connection between correlations and symmetries. Besides, the exchange symmetry is extracted using a group theory method, namely the class-sum method, which comes originally from nuclear physics. Moreover, we show that these systems follow a generalized version of the famous Lieb-Mattistheorem. Wishing to make our results as experimentally relevant as possible, we derive scaling laws for Tan’s contact as a function of the interaction, temperature and transverse confinement. These laws. Display displadisplay display interesting effects related to strong correlations and dimensionality
Laflamme, Janssen Jonathan. "Méthode de calcul à N-corps basée sur la G0W0 : étude du couplage électron-phonon dans le C60 et développement d’une approche accélérée pour matériaux organiques." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10809.
Full textThis thesis studies the limitations of density functional theory. These limits are explored in the context of a traditional implementation using a plane waves basis set. First, we investigate the limit of the size of the systems that can be treated. Cutting edge methods that assess these limitations are then used to simulate nanoscale systems. More specifically, the grafting of bromophenyl molecules on the sidewall of carbon nanotubes is studied with these methods, as a better understanding of this procedure could have substantial impact on the electronic industry. Second, the limitations of the precision of density functional theory are explored. We begin with a quantitative study of the uncertainty of this method for the case of electron-phonon coupling calculations and find it to be substantially higher than what is widely presumed in the literature. The uncertainty on electron-phonon coupling calculations is then explored within the G0W0 method, which is found to be a substantially more precise alternative. However, this method has the drawback of being severely limitated in the size of systems that can be computed. In the following, theoretical solutions to overcome these limitations are developed and presented. The increased performance and precision of the resulting implementation opens new possibilities for the study and design of materials, such as superconductors, polymers for organic photovoltaics and semiconductors.