Academic literature on the topic 'Physiology of landscape'

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Journal articles on the topic "Physiology of landscape"

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Noble, Denis, Julie Chan, Penny Hansen, Walter Boron, and Peter Wagner. "The Landscape of Physiology." Physiology 31, no. 1 (January 2016): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00052.2015.

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Celestian, Sarah, and Chris Martin. "Effects of Parking Lot Location on Size and Physiology of Four Southwestern U.S. Landscape Trees." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 31, no. 4 (July 1, 2005): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2005.024.

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This study evaluated effects of two parking lot landscape locations on size and physiology of four regionally common landscape tree species. Tree size measurements were made during August 2001 and 2002 and tree gas exchange and leaf chlorophyll concentrations were measured during April and August 2002. Trees were mostly smaller and leaf gas exchange fluxes were lower for Australian bottle tree (Brachychiton populenus Schott & Endl.), Arizona ash (Fraxinus velutina Torr.), and Chinese elm (Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.) located within narrow landscaped medians surrounded by asphalt compared with similarly aged trees in large landscaped areas along the parking lot perimeters. In contrast, parking lot location had no statistical effect on size of Argentine mesquite (Prosopis alba Griebach) except for diameter at breast height, which was significantly less for trees in the landscaped medians in 2002. Leaf chlorophyll concentrations of all trees located in landscaped medians were lower than those of trees within surrounding landscaped perimeter areas except for Australian bottle tree, which had higher significantly leaf chlorophyll concentration during April when located in landscaped medians. Based on these results, Argentine mesquite appears to be the best of these four tree species for use in commercial parking lot landscapes because its growth and physiological function were least affected by parking lot location.
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Ellis, Rebecca D., Todd J. McWhorter, and Martine Maron. "Integrating landscape ecology and conservation physiology." Landscape Ecology 27, no. 1 (November 8, 2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-011-9671-6.

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Koller, Jeffrey R., Deanna H. Gates, Daniel P. Ferris, and C. David Remy. "Confidence in the curve: Establishing instantaneous cost mapping techniques using bilateral ankle exoskeletons." Journal of Applied Physiology 122, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 242–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00710.2016.

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Lower extremity robotic prostheses and exoskeletons can require tuning a large number of control parameters on a subject-specific basis to reduce users’ metabolic power during locomotion. We refer to the functional relationship between control parameter configurations and users’ metabolic power as the metabolic cost landscape. Standard practice for estimating a metabolic cost landscape, and thus identifying optimal parameter configurations, is to vary control parameters while measuring steady-state metabolic power during walking. This approach is time consuming, tedious, and inefficient. We have developed an instantaneous cost mapping analysis that allows for an estimate of the metabolic cost landscape without the explicit need for steady-state measurements. Here we present novel methods to quantify the confidence in an estimated metabolic cost landscape, allowing for an objective subject-specific comparison of protocols regardless of which metabolic analysis is used. We validated these techniques by estimating metabolic cost landscapes for healthy subjects walking with bilateral robotic ankle exoskeletons using a standard practice protocol and two innovative protocols that use an instantaneous cost mapping analysis. All cost landscapes were a function of the devices’ actuation timing. Results showed that for this device a protocol using an instantaneous cost mapping analysis could accurately identify optimal parameter configurations in 20 min, where the standard practice protocol required 42 min. Additionally, using an instantaneous cost mapping analysis with the standard practice’s parameter exploration significantly improved fit confidence. These methods could greatly improve real-time optimization of robotic assistive devices or studies focused on biomechanical manipulations of locomotion. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We are presenting novel subject-specific metabolic cost landscape confidence analyses. These confidence analyses can greatly improve experimental design, intersubject analysis, and the comparison of landscape mapping protocols. We validated these methods by mapping subject-specific metabolic cost landscapes using bilateral ankle exoskeletons and are presenting the first full study using instantaneous cost mapping techniques to optimally tune an assistive robotic device.
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Porter, W. P. "Physiology on a Landscape Scale: Plant-Animal Interactions." Integrative and Comparative Biology 42, no. 3 (July 1, 2002): 431–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/42.3.431.

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Cregg, Bert M., and Robert Schutzki. "Weed Control and Organic Mulches Affect Physiology and Growth of Landscape Shrubs." HortScience 44, no. 5 (August 2009): 1419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.44.5.1419.

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Landscape mulches are widely promoted to improve soil moisture retention, suppress weeds, and improve the growth of landscape plants. The objective of this project was to determine the effect of common landscape mulches (pine bark, hardwood fines, cypress mulch, color-enhanced ground pallets) on soil moisture, soil pH, weed control, and physiology and growth of landscape shrubs. Two additional treatments were not mulched: no mulch + no weed control and no mulch + weed control. Growth was measured on eight taxa (Euonymus alatus ‘Compactus’, Spiraea ×bumalda ‘Goldflame’, Weigela florida ‘Java red’, Taxus ×media ‘Runyan’, Thuja occidentalis ‘Golden Globe’, Hydrangea paniculata ‘Tardiva’, Viburnum dentatum ‘Synnestvedt’, Viburnum trilobum ‘Compactum’). Leaf gas exchange [net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance (g s)] were measured on Hydrangea paniculata, V. dentatum, and V. trilobum only. All mulches increased soil moisture compared with no mulch + weed control. There was no difference in soil pH or foliar nitrogen among treatments. All mulches, except cypress mulch, increased plant growth of most shrub taxa compared with no mulch without weed control. Mulches increased g S relative to no mulch without weed control. Photosynthetic rates of plants mulched with cypress mulch were less than the other mulches and not different from no mulch. Overall, the result suggests that, except for cypress mulch, the organic mulches tested are equally effective in improving growth of landscape plants. Reduced photosynthetic efficiency and growth of shrubs with cypress mulch suggest potential allelopathic effects.
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Martinson, Richard, John Lambrinos, and Ricardo Mata-González. "Water Stress Patterns of Xerophytic Plants in an Urban Landscape." HortScience 54, no. 5 (May 2019): 818–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13498-18.

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Efficient water use in urban landscapes is a common objective throughout the western United States. Vegetative species promoted for their drought tolerance characteristics are often included in landscapes designed for resource conservation. However, water requirements of most common landscape species have not been quantified. This is especially true for xerophytic species. This lack of landscape plant water requirement data is a significant constraint on the design of efficient irrigation systems and management practices affecting urban landscape water use. Current irrigation practices often fail to consider the unique physiology of xerophytic species, and irrigation scheduling models may not be appropriate for xeric landscapes using xerophytic vegetation as the primary method of reducing water use. This work describes the seasonal patterns of growth and xylem water status for four regionally native xeric shrub species planted in an unirrigated urban landscape in the semi-arid environment of central Oregon. The four species (Artemisia tridentata, Holodiscus microphyllus, Ericameria nauseosa, and Ribes cereum) exhibited substantial growth over the course of 18 months without irrigation in a heavily modified urban soil profile. Water potential of the four species was strongly correlated with surface (10 cm) soil moisture (r ≥ 0.90), less so with reference monthly evapotranspiration (r ≤ 0.55), and only weakly with water vapor deficit (r ≤ 0.22). In A. tridentata and H. microphyllus, xylem water potential became more negative during the growing season and tracked the seasonal decline in soil moisture. In contrast, the xylem water potential of E. nauseosa and R. cereum tracked soil moisture early in the season but became less responsive to soil moisture in the driest months, suggesting different drought adaptation strategies in these species. Three of the four species showed no visual signs of drought stress and maintained acceptable aesthetics even as soil moisture decreased to less than 10%. However, R. cereum exhibited a drought dormancy strategy that made it less aesthetically desirable. These results suggest that extreme xerophytic shrubs provide an opportunity for significant reductions in water use in urban landscapes.
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Gargaro, Marco, Giulia Scalisi, Giorgia Manni, Giada Mondanelli, Ursula Grohmann, and Francesca Fallarino. "The Landscape of AhR Regulators and Coregulators to Fine-Tune AhR Functions." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020757.

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The aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates numerous cellular responses. Originally investigated in toxicology because of its ability to bind environmental contaminants, AhR has attracted enormous attention in the field of immunology in the last 20 years. In addition, the discovery of endogenous and plant-derived ligands points to AhR also having a crucial role in normal cell physiology. Thus, AhR is emerging as a promiscuous receptor that can mediate either toxic or physiologic effects upon sensing multiple exogenous and endogenous molecules. Within this scenario, several factors appear to contribute to the outcome of gene transcriptional regulation by AhR, including the nature of the ligand as such and its further metabolism by AhR-induced enzymes, the local tissue microenvironment, and the presence of coregulators or specific transcription factors in the cell. Here, we review the current knowledge on the array of transcription factors and coregulators that, by interacting with AhR, tune its transcriptional activity in response to endogenous and exogenous ligands.
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Lin, Aijing, Kang K. L. Liu, Ronny P. Bartsch, and Plamen Ch Ivanov. "Delay-correlation landscape reveals characteristic time delays of brain rhythms and heart interactions." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2067 (May 13, 2016): 20150182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0182.

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Within the framework of ‘Network Physiology’, we ask a fundamental question of how modulations in cardiac dynamics emerge from networked brain–heart interactions. We propose a generalized time-delay approach to identify and quantify dynamical interactions between physiologically relevant brain rhythms and the heart rate. We perform empirical analysis of synchronized continuous EEG and ECG recordings from 34 healthy subjects during night-time sleep. For each pair of brain rhythm and heart interaction, we construct a delay-correlation landscape (DCL) that characterizes how individual brain rhythms are coupled to the heart rate, and how modulations in brain and cardiac dynamics are coordinated in time. We uncover characteristic time delays and an ensemble of specific profiles for the probability distribution of time delays that underly brain–heart interactions. These profiles are consistently observed in all subjects, indicating a universal pattern. Tracking the evolution of DCL across different sleep stages, we find that the ensemble of time-delay profiles changes from one physiologic state to another, indicating a strong association with physiologic state and function. The reported observations provide new insights on neurophysiological regulation of cardiac dynamics, with potential for broad clinical applications. The presented approach allows one to simultaneously capture key elements of dynamic interactions, including characteristic time delays and their time evolution, and can be applied to a range of coupled dynamical systems.
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Poll, Brian G., Lihe Chen, Chung-Lin Chou, Viswanathan Raghuram, and Mark A. Knepper. "Landscape of GPCR expression along the mouse nephron." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 321, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): F50—F68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00077.2021.

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Kidney transport and other renal functions are regulated by multiple G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) expressed along the renal tubule. The rapid, recent appearance of comprehensive unbiased gene expression data in the various renal tubule segments, chiefly RNA sequencing and protein mass spectrometry data, has provided a means of identifying patterns of GPCR expression along the renal tubule. To allow for comprehensive mapping, we first curated a comprehensive list of GPCRs in the genomes of mice, rats, and humans ( https://hpcwebapps.cit.nih.gov/ESBL/Database/GPCRs/ ) using multiple online data sources. We used this list to mine segment-specific and cell type-specific expression data from RNA-sequencing studies in microdissected mouse tubule segments to identify GPCRs that are selectively expressed in discrete tubule segments. Comparisons of these mapped mouse GPCRs with other omics datasets as well as functional data from isolated perfused tubule and micropuncture studies confirmed patterns of expression for well-known receptors and identified poorly studied GPCRs that are likely to play roles in the regulation of renal tubule function. Thus, we provide data resources for GPCR expression across the renal tubule, highlighting both well-known GPCRs and understudied receptors to provide guidance for future studies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Physiology of landscape"

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Wilkin, Matthew Fudge. "The effect of irrigation frequency on growth and physiology of native landscape shrub species." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Fall%20Theses/Wilkin_Matthew_30.pdf.

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Newberry, Gretchen N. "Habitat Associations, Nest Success and Nest Microclimate of Rooftop Nesting Common Nighthawks (Chordeiles minor) in the Agriculturally Dominant Landscape of Southeastern South Dakota." Thesis, University of South Dakota, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10831355.

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Natural nesting habitat for Common Nighthawks (Chordeiles minor ) in the Northern Prairie region of North America is in decline due to row-crop conversion. Other nesting habitats used by nighthawks in this region includes flat, gravel rooftops, but such rooftop habitat is scheduled to be replaced by other materials within the next 20 years. These changes present substantial challenges to population persistence for nighthawks in this region.

This study used point counts and land cover analysis at 396 points in two study areas in southeastern South Dakota, northeastern Nebraska and northwestern Iowa to document that nighthawk presence is positively associated with flat, gravel rooftops and heterogeneous land cover and negatively associated with row crops in agriculturally dominated landscapes.

In addition to land cover change challenges, continuing trends toward increasing summer temperatures, decreasing cloud cover and increasing humidity might make rooftops unsuitable for nest habitat. Mean daily minimum, average and maximum operative temperatures (Te) recorded at rooftop nest sites in 2016-2017 were 26.3, 31.7, and 36.3 °C, respectively, with a 71.1 °C overall maximum Te. I monitored 50 rooftop nests during 2015-2017 in southeastern South Dakota. Like many nightjars, 7- to 14-day old nighthawk chicks are extremely heat tolerant. Evaporative water loss rates rapidly increased at temperatures above 44.1 °C in humid conditions (i.e. up to 16 °C dew point), and chicks had similar evaporative water loss rates at 51°C (2.44 g H20 h-1) to adult nightjars. However, baseline corticosterone levels increased in chicks acutely exposed to high ambient temperatures, suggesting that these temperatures were stressful. In addition, low hatching (0.252) and fledging (0.262) success rates, similar to those for other declining nighthawk populations, and a negative association between ambient temperature and hatching success, suggest that future microclimate trends may make rooftops an unsuitable nesting habitat.

This study recommends conservation of grasslands and heterogeneous landscapes of row crops and grazed pastures to promote nighthawk occurrence in the region where row crops dominate. In addition, provision of urban ecoroofs, with gravel patches, as alternative nesting habitats in agriculturally dominated landscapes will also be important for maintaining populations of this declining aerial insectivore species.

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Redwine, Angela. "REPRODUCTION AND FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE OF CORNUS FLORIDA ACROSS AN URBAN LANDSCAPE GRADIENT." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3136.

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Urbanization greatly alters plant and pollinator communities and can affect pollinator movement and subsequent gene flow. Plants persisting in urban areas must adjust to local environmental conditions often different from those in which they naturally evolved, and cultivation techniques for landscaping species have developed traits suitable for existence in urban habitats. Cultivated varieties and native conspecifics often exist in geographic proximity, and if pollinator movement is not blocked by urban structural components, functional differences may negatively impact spatially proximate native populations. I used spatial analysis of successful pollination of Cornus florida to estimate how pollinator movement is affected by urban features. My results suggest that buildings and canopy are the most important components which influence reproductive success in urban habitats. Additionally, I compared functional responses of both adult and offspring C. florida cultivars and native plants to differential light environments in the urban and natural understory habitats, and we found differences in physiology and morphology that could lead to negative fitness consequences for native populations should gene escape from urban cultivar to native populations occur via pollinator movement.
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Varvaro, Megan Frances Varvaro. "The effect of simulated climate change on overwintering physiology in solitary bees and the impacts of floral and landscape resources on nesting." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1532006641206995.

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Johns, Jason W. "Araucaria in the Urban Landscape: A Novel Leaning Pattern and Evidence of Cultivated Hybridization." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2017. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1784.

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Our understanding of the natural world is constantly evolving and strengthening as more observations are made and experiments are performed. For example, we understand that tree stems grow toward the light (positive phototropism; Darwin 1880, Loehle 1986, Christie et al. 2013) and against gravity (negative gravitropism; Knight 1806, Hashiguchi et al. 2013). We also know that plants respond to mechanical stimulus and perturbation (thigmotropism; Braam 2005). Genes and their resulting proteins have been described to uncover some of the mechanisms for these environmental responses, but relatively speaking, we have just scratched the surface (Wyatt et al. 2013). While the discovery of the molecular mechanisms responsible for these behaviors is certainly dependent on the ever-improving lab technology available, every molecular discovery is dependent on a macroscopic observation. In this manuscript I present the two novel macroscopic observations I made on members of Araucaria in the urban forest. The first describes a hemisphere-dependent lean in A. columnaris, and the second provides genetic and morphological evidence that hybrids exist between A. columnaris and A. heterophylla. Araucaria columnaris (J.R. Forst.) Hooker, or the Cook Pine is a conifer with a narrow native range that has been cultivated worldwide and grows unlike any other tree known. The initial observation we made was that trees in California and Hawaii lean south, and trees in California lean to a greater extent than trees in Hawaii. Measuring 250 trees in 16 regions worldwide, however, produced statistically significant evidence for a hemisphere dependent directional leaning pattern. Trees in the northern hemisphere lean south, and trees in the southern hemisphere lean north. Additionally, the lean becomes more pronounced at greater distances from the equator. We also gathered morphological and genetic evidence in the California urban forest that A. columnaris and A. heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco are hybridizing. Many individuals have intermediate characteristics of both species, which originally led me to believe that hybrids exist in cultivation. After analyzing several individuals with microsatellite genetic markers, I have enough evidence to conclude that hybrids between A. columnaris and A. heterophylla exist. This is an important observation mainly for municipalities and arborists interested in properly identifying trees in the urban forest. Knowing the proper identity of trees is imperative to informing decisions about their protection or removal. As we continue to ask questions about the inner workings of nature we will continue to gain a better appreciation for what we still do not know. The evidence provided in this manuscript better informs our future questions about a leaning pattern in A. columnaris and about the history of the cultivation of Araucaria.
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Crémel, Françoise. "Être paysage, un exercice pluriel : Sans le corps, pas d'accès communautaire au paysage." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AGPT0045.

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La recherche en paysage habite le dehors mentalement. Le paysage, celui qui nous émeut ou nous dégoûte, sensoriel, est envisagé ici comme une fiction concrète du corps en voyage. Éprouvée, par les voies multiples qui escortent le paysage à chaque traversée, j’interroge la validité de cet objet d’étude. Et si le paysage échappait aussitôt à chaque essai de capture ? Et comment ses multiples formes se resserrent-elles autour de soi pour nicher une complétude de l’être ? C’est ici que peut se formuler une conception du paysage comme celle d’un tissu, non plus seulement déployé sur le fond géographique mais emprisonnant dans sa fibre les corps et âme de chaque être. Le dehors, comme habitat de chaque créature, n’est plus purement un environnement, il devient un paysage. Proposer des exercices d’accès au dehors, pour pouvoir adresser le paysage de manière collective, est l’objectif de ce travail de thèse. C’est dans le contexte où habiter n’est plus proclamé par un paysage d’accueil que mon travail cherche à remettre le corps en exercice, puis en capacité d’évaluer un paysage. Un paysage se dé- clare à la fois par des représentations et des façons. Les unes traitent des expressions, les autres des matières. Entre la locution et la substance, qu’est-ce qui fait motif ? Le corps est-il susceptible de s’avancer vers le paysage et celui-ci a-t-il des ressources pour le recevoir ? Dans une première partie, plutôt que le texte déployé et discuté par des voix dissidentes, je mets en jeu des mots clefs proposés par l’enseignement pour l’élaboration d’un discours. A l’angle de la recherche et de la pratique, je construis ma thèse depuis ma place de paysagiste praticienne et enseignante du projet de paysage à L’ENSP de Versailles. Je m’appuie sur une critique de « Mouvance, 50 mots pour le paysage » proposée en 1999 par six chercheurs en paysage qui ont construit une première proposition théorique. Après un exposé, ils sont mis en débat avec un lexique construit lors des quatre années de la préparation de cette thèse. J’éprouve enfin, avec mes étudiants, la vitalité de ces mots dans des lieux de paysage ou des situations de pratiques professionnelles afin de construire sur une base vivifiée, le corpus même de ce qui peut s’exprimer en paysage. Ces termes sont la base abstraite de travaux pédagogiques conduits sur le terrain présenté dans une seconde partie. Le Parc des Lilas, à Vitry-sur-Seine est le cadre d’étude des exercices donnés dans des ateliers de projets de paysage sur lesquels travaillent mes étudiants. Ce parc, amorcé en 1980, est en cours d’agencement. Sans effet de signature, il ne trouve pas son nom, est qualifié d’inattendu, d’alias, de tempo. Des qualités lui confèrent sa substance : il devient un produit allochtone en son propre lieu. Sa chronique permet de mettre au jour une façon mobile d’accréditer le paysage d’un lieu. Le parc des Lilas sert d’appui à l’épreuve de définition des termes du lexique et se mesure à la pensée du Parc, en tant qu’objet de paysage produit. La proposition, développée en troisième partie, place le corps dans un acte de perception pour expertiser le paysage. Le protocole de recherche, immédiat, se définit à partir des produits successifs du geste, du discours oral, puis de la production écrite. La production est celle de la recherche en marche, arrêtée, glosée ; elle même projetant plus loin l’énoncé. Je présente ici une notice pour l’usage du commentaire composé de paysage (CCP), un avatar vers le projet en pédagogie appliquée. Proposition d’innovation pédagogique où protocoles et préalables participent à la remise de l’énoncé. Niveaux de langue et niveaux d’abstraction ne sont plus des obstacles à un entendement du paysage. Le CCP tient le cadre d’un don du paysage à une population entière. Réel et imaginaire revigorés sont redistribués par le jeu de leur apparition. Corps et paysage s’alimentent en une « physiologie du paysage » qui s’enseigne par fréquentation
The research in landscape mentally inhabits the outside. The landscape, the one which moves us or disgusts us, sensory, is here envisaged as a realistic fction of the traveling body. Experienced with the multiple paths which go alongside the landscape with each crossing, I question the validity of this research topic. What if the landscape escaped straight away at each attempt to capture it? How do its multiple shapes gather around themselves to nest the wholeness of one being? Here, we can try to phrase a conception of the landscape as a fabric, not only spread at a geographical level but also imprisoning in its fbers the body and the soul of each being. The outside, as the habitat of each creature, is no longer just an environment, but becomes a landscape. Suggesting exercises to access the outside to address the landscape collectively is the aim of this Ph.D. research. It is in this context where living is no longer claimed by a welcoming landscape that my work attempts to put the body back in movement and then to render it able to assess a landscape. A landscape is expressed both through representations and ways. The former are about expressions and the latter are about materials. Between the locution and the substance, what is the pattern? Is the body susceptible to move towards the landscape and does the landscape have the resources to receive it? In the frst part, rather than a text displayed and discussed by dissident voices, I involve the keywords offered by education to develop a discourse. At a crossroad between research and practice, I build my thesis from my position as a practicing landscaper and as a landscape project teacher at the ENSP in Versailles. My work relies on a criticism of Mouvance, 50 mots pour le paysage, written in 1999 by six landscape researchers, who built a frst theoretical approach. After a presentation, their views are debated with a lexicon elaborated during the four years spent working on this thesis. At last, I test with my students the vitality of these words in different landscape places or professional practice situations, in order to build on a freshened basis the very corpus of what can be expressed in the landscape. These words are the abstract basis of feldwork teaching sessions detailed in the second part. The Parc des Lilas, in Vitry-sur-Seine is the study framework of exercises done with my students in a landscape project. This park, started in 1980, is still under arrangement. Without a signature, it has no name and is defned as unexpected, an alias, a tempo. Its qualitiesualities give it its substance: it has become allochtonous, an alien product in its own place. Its chronicles enables one to unearth a changing way to ascertain the landscape of a place. The Parc des Lilas is used as a basis for the lexicon’s defnition and evaluation of the Parc’s conception as a produced landscape. In the third part, the proposition is to place the body in a landscape in order to assess it. The research protocol is immediate and is defned from successive products of movements, of speech and then of written production. The production is that of a research in action, stopped and commented, the research itself going further than its formulation. I offer here a guide for the commentaire composé de paysage (CCP), the composed commentary of the landscape, an avatar towards educational applied project, a proposition of educational innovation, where protocols and prerequisites are part of the formulation. Linguistic and abstraction levels are no longer obstacles to understanding the landscape. The CCP is the frame of a landscape offered to everyone. The real and the imaginary are redistributed as they appear. Body and landscape feed into a «landscape physiology», which is taught through attendance
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Moura, Thaiane Campos. "Morfotectônica na bacia do Rio Preto (MG/RJ): influências da neotecônica na dinâmica e evolução da paisagem." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5364.

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A presente dissertação se propôs à investigar as implicações da morfotectônica na organização da paisagem na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Preto (RJ/MG), cuja localização corrobora para a análise de feições morfotectônicas entre duas unidades geomorfológicas do sudeste brasileiro, o Alinhamento de Cristas do Paraíba do Sul e o Planalto do Itatiaia. Diante dos objetivos traçados foram selecionadas técnicas morfométricas de aplicação sobre o relevo e a drenagem, representações cartográficas e incursões a campo, que conjuntamente à Fisiologia da Paisagem, em seus três níveis de abordagem, ampararam o entendimento sobre a o quadro morfoestrutural e morfotectônico presente no recorte espacial selecionado. As feições registradas em campo e os resultados coletados em laboratório apontam conjuntamente para a atividade neotectônica concomitante à dinâmica superficial da paisagem comum em regiões tropicais, que muitas vezes mascara feições de uma tectônica passiva sobre a paisagem. Resultados concretos alcançados revelam a neotectônica atualmente no Sudeste brasileiro, corroborando para feições paisagísticas morfotectônicas.
This dissertation proposes to investigate the implications of dynamic neotectonic in the organization of the landscape in Rio Preto basin (RJ/MG), whose location supports for analyzing morphotectonic features between two geomorphological units of southeastern Brazil, the Alinhamento de Cristas do Paraíba do Sul and the Planalto do Itatiaia. Before the objectives were selected for morphometric techniques application on the topography and drainage, cartographic representations and raids the countryside, which jointly to the physiology of the landscape, in its three levels of approach, bolstered the understanding about the dynamics showed this in the space selected clipping. The features recorded in the field and the results collected in laboratory point together to neotectonic activity concomitant to the superficial common landscape dynamics in tropical regions, which often masks a passive tectonic features on the landscape, but in many of the results it was possible to show that the study area is located in a dynamic tectonic framework.
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Svensson, Daniel. "Scientizing performance in endurance sports : The emergence of ‘rational training’ in cross-country skiing, 1930-1980." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Historiska studier av teknik, vetenskap och miljö, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-195830.

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Elite athletes of today use specialized, scientific training methods and the increasing role of science in sports is undeniable. Scientific methods and equipment has even found its way into the practice of everyday exercisers, a testament to the impact of sport science. From the experiential, personal training regimes of the first half of the 20th century to the scientific training theories of the 1970s, the ideas about training and the athletic body shifted. The rationalization process started in endurance sports in the 1940s. It was part of a struggle between two models of training; natural training and rational training. Physiologists wanted to rid training of individual and local variations and create a universal model of rational, scientific training. The rationalization of training and training landscapes is here understood as an aspect of sportification, a theory commonly used to describe similar developments in sports where increasing regimentation, specialization and rationalization are among the main criteria. This dissertation adds the concept of technologies of sportification to explain the role that micro-technologies and practices (such as training logs, training camps and scientific tests) have in the scientization of training. This thesis thus sets out to analyze the role that science has played in training during the 20th century. It is a history about the rationalization of training, but also about larger issues regarding the role of personal, experiential knowledge and scientific knowledge. The main conclusions are that the process of scientization never managed to rid training of components from natural, experiential training, and that the effort by Swedish physiologists to introduce rational training was part of the larger rationalization movement at the time. In the end, training knowledge was a co-production between practitioners and theoreticians, skiers and scientists.

QC 20161114


Rationell träning: vetenskapliggörandet äv träning för längdskidåkning
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Rodrigues, Éder Luis da Silva. "Estudo sobre a fisiologia da paisagem do areal do Cerro da Esquina no município de São Francisco de Assis - RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/186025.

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A presente pesquisa estudou a dinâmica dos processos de arenização atuantes no areal do Cerro da Esquina, no município de São Francisco de Assis - RS pela perspectiva da fisiologia da paisagem proposta por Ab’Saber em 1969. O recorte temporal do estudo foi de um ano, de junho de 2016 a março de 2017. Nesse período foram realizados quatro trabalhos de campo, no final de cada estação do ano, nos quais foram efetuados levantamentos aerofotogramétricos com um veículo aéreo não tripulado. A partir dos produtos cartográficos obtidos, foram identificadas as principais micro-feições de relevo e realizada a compartimentação do areal em cinco setores de acordo com a sua drenagem. Tais compartimentos foram analisados e caracterizados de acordo com os processos atuantes. A partir da análise minuciosa de cada setor, foi elaborado um mapa síntese da fisiologia da paisagem do areal. Durante o período estudado, observou-se que os processos de erosão, transporte e deposição de origem hídrica foram os predominantes na maior parte do areal. Em relação à área ocupada pelo areal, observou-se que esta não sofreu alteração significativa, ou seja, areal manteve-se estável. Não foram observados avanços significativos da mancha de areia em direção ao campo, nem o contrário – avanço do campo sobre o areal. Considera-se, por fim, que o monitoramento com a utilização de VANT apoiado por outras técnicas de levantamento topográfico é muito eficiente em pesquisas como a que foi realizada, pois permite o levantamento de um grande volume de informações com qualidade cartográfica, com menores custos e com resolução temporal variável de acordo com os objetivos da pesquisa.
The present research has studied the dynamics of sand forming process in sandspot of Cerro da Esquina, in São Francisco de Assis – RS under the perspective of the physiology studies of landscapes proposed by Ab’Saber in 1969. The time frame for the study was one year – from June, 2016 to March, 2017 –, in which were performed four aerophotogrammetric surveys through unmanned aerial vehicle, one survey at the end of each season of the year. Based on the cartographic data obtained, it was possible to identify the main micro features of relief and the area was compartmentalized in five sections, according to its drainage process. The compartments were analyzed and described according to the processes active in them. A sintesys map of the physiology of the areal landscape was created based on a detailed analysis of each section. During the time frame of the study, the data showed that the processes prevailing in the major part of the area were erosion, transportation and deposition with hydric origins. In what regards the total area occupied by the areal, it didn’t suffer any significant changes, what means it kept stable. There were not found significative advances in sandspots towards the surrounding meadow, nor the opposite – from the meadow towards the areal. Lastly, there are strong indications that monitoring an area with unmanned aerial vehicle and the support of other techniques of topographic survey is highly efficient in researches like the present study, once it enables a large data collection with cartographic quality, with lesser costs and the adequate variable temporal resolution according to the objectives of the research.
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Pinto, Cátia. "VineMicrobiome : Une analyse approfondie de la communauté microbienne naturelle de Vitis vinifera Vitis vinifera microbiome: from basic research to technological development Unravelling the diversity of grapevine microbiome Wine fermentation microbiome: a landscape from different Portuguese wine appellations The effects of grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) on vine physiology." Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIMS045.

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La vigne est une culture fruitière largement cultivée, qui abrite naturellement un microbiome complexe, i.e. colonisée par des microorganismes neutres, phytopathogènes ou bénéfiques. Parmi les phytopathogènes, ceux associés aux maladies du bois (MDB) induisent des maladies très destructrices, et les traitements disponibles pour les contrôler ont actuellement une efficacité partielle. Les microorganismes bénéfiques (BCA) peuvent jouer un rôle spécifique dans la protection des plantes contre les phytopathogènes et le défi actuel est de comprendre comment ces microorganismes interagissent avec les plantes et leur potentiel biotechnologique pour le développement de stratégies innovantes. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif de cette étude était d'abord de caractériser les communautés microbiennes associées à la vigne tout au long de son cycle végétatif et, d'autre part, de mieux comprendre les interactions entre la vigne- BCA – MDB. Pour cela, deux potentiels BCA isolés de la vigne ont été testés contre des espèces de Botryosphaeriaceae et leur potentiel de colonisation, l'induction de mécanismes de défense dans la vigne, en présence ou non de D. seriata (F98.1), ont été caractériser ainsi que l’analyse de leur génome.Les résultats ont montré que le microbiome de la vigne était très dynamique au cours de son cycle végétatif. Comme prévu, la biodiversité microbienne était plus élevée dans les sols, et les communautés variaient entre le sol et les feuilles. Une proportion de communautés microbiennes était similaire dans les sols et les feuilles, ce qui suggère l'existence d'un microbiome commun. Plusieurs isolats ont été obtenus à partir de vignes qui appartenaient principalement aux genres Bacillus, Streptomyces et Aureobasidium. Certains d'entre eux ont considérablement diminué la croissance du mycélium de plusieurs espèces de Botryosphaeriaceae, telles que Streptomyces sp. Fito_S127B et A. pullulans Fito_F278 qui ont été sélectionnés comme BCA. Ces souches ont montré qu'elles produisaient une gamme élevée d'enzymes extracellulaires importantes pour le biocontrôle et ont pu coloniser avec succès la vigne : Fito_S127B était une épiphyte du système racinaire de la vigne, tandis que Fito_F278 pouvait coloniser l’ensemble de la plante, des racines aux feuilles. L'inoculation artificielle des tiges avec D. seriata F98.1 a montré que la longueur des nécroses causées par l'agent pathogène a été significativement réduite par Fito_S127B, contrairement à Fito_F278 qui était moins efficace. De plus, ces BCAs sont capables d’activer certaines réponses de défense de la vigne, permettant une réponse plus rapide et plus forte de la plante contre le pathogène. L'analyse du génome a également montré que ces souches sont une source des composés bioactifs, importants pour le contrôle biologique.Dans l'ensemble, cette étude a apporté de nouvelles connaissances sur la structure des communautés microbiennes de la vigne et leurs interactions. De plus, elle a confirmé que la vigne est une source naturelle de microorganismes prometteurs pour une gestion biologique des MDB et qu'ils peuvent promouvoir les réponses de défense des plantes. Ainsi, ces résultats fournissent non seulement une meilleure compréhension des interactions entre la vigne et les BCAs-MDB, mais aussi une forte contribution à la future stratégie de gestion des MDB.Mots-clés : microbiome de la vigne, MDB, D. seriata, microorganismes bénéfiques, Fito_S127B, Fito_F278, colonisation de la vigne, mécanismes de défense, protection
Vitis vinifera L. is a widely cultivated fruit crop, that naturally harbours a complex microbial ecosystem or plant microbiome, such as neutral, phytopathogenic or beneficial microorganisms. Among phytopathogens, those implied in Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are responsible for the most destructive diseases worldwide, and currently no highly effective treatments are available. Beneficial microorganisms (BCAs) may play specific roles on plant protection against phytopathogens though, the present challenge is to understand how such microorganisms interact with plant and their biotechnological potential for development of innovation strategies. In this context, the aim of this study was firstly to unveil the microbial communities associated with grapevine along its growth cycle and, secondly, to better understand the grapevine – BCAs – GTDs interactions. For this, two potential BCAs isolated from grapevine were tested against Botryosphaeriaceae species and then deep characterized, namely for their colonisation potential, induction of defence mechanisms in grapevine, in the presence or not of D. seriata (F98.1) and their genome analysis. Results showed that grapevine microbiome was very dynamic along the growth cycle. As expected, the microbial biodiversity was higher in soils, and these microbial communities differed significantly from those of leaves. A proportion of microbial communities was shared within soils and leaves, suggesting the existence of a core microbiome. Several isolates were then obtained from grapevine which mostly belonged to Bacillus, Streptomyces and Aureobasidium genera. Some of them significantly decreased in vitro the mycelium growth of several Botryosphaeriaceae species, such as Streptomyces sp. Fito_S127B and A. pullulans Fito_F278 which were highly effective and thus selected as potential BCAs. These strains showed to produce a high range of extracellular enzymes with biocontrol value, and were able to successfully colonize grapevine: Fito_S127B was an epiphyte from rhizosphere, while Fito_F278 colonised grapevine from roots to leaves. The artificial inoculation of green stems with D. seriata F98.1 on cutting plants showed that the necrotic lesions length caused by the pathogen was significantly reduced by Fito_S127B, in contrast to Fito_F278 which was less effective. Furthermore, these BCAs activated some specific defence responses of grapevine, allowing a more rapid and solid response of plant against the pathogen. The genome analysis also showed that these BCAs strains are an important source of bioactive compounds of biocontrol value. Overall, this study brought new insights on the structure of microbial communities of grapevine and their interactions. Moreover, highlighted that grapevine is a natural source of microorganisms with a promising biocontrol against GTDs, and that they can promote plant defense responses. Thus, these findings provide not only a better understand of the grapevine- BCAs- GTDs interactions but also a strong contribution to future GTDs management strategy. Key-words: Grapevine microbiome, GTDs, D. seriata, beneficial microorganisms, Fito_S127B, Fito_F278, grapevine colonisation, plant defence mechanisms, grapevine protection
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Books on the topic "Physiology of landscape"

1

Eberhard, John P. Brain landscape: The coexistence of neuroscience and architecture. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.

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The courage to teach: Exploring the inner landscape of a teacher's life. San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass, 1998.

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The courage to teach: Exploring the inner landscape of a teacher's life. San Francisco, Calif: Jossey-Bass, 2007.

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Zeisel, John. Inquiry by design: Environment/behavior/neuroscience in architecture, interiors, landscape, and planning. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company, 2006.

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Inquiry by design: Environment/behavior/neuroscience in architecture, interiors, landscape, and planning. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2005.

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Elizabeth, Higginbotham, and Andersen Margaret L, eds. Race and ethnicity in society: The changing landscape. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2006.

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Evans, Christopher Riche. Landscapes of the night. New York: Washington Square Press, 1985.

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MacCurdy, Edward, ed. The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci: Arranged, Rendered into English, and Introduced by Edward MacCurdy. Old Saybrook, CT,: Konecky & Konecky, 2003.

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Evans. Landscape of Nght. Pocket, 1985.

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Eberhard, John P. Brain Landscape the Coexistence of Neuroscience and Architecture. Ebsco Publishing, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Physiology of landscape"

1

Ingegnoli, Vittorio. "Landscape Functions (Physiology)." In Landscape Bionomics Biological-Integrated Landscape Ecology, 49–84. Milano: Springer Milan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5226-0_3.

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Aalipour, Hamed, and Ali Nikbakht. "Urban Landscape." In Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology, 776–88. 4th ed. 4th edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003093640-42.

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Niinemets, Ülo, Paolo Ciccioli, Steffen M. Noe, and Markus Reichstein. "Scaling BVOC Emissions from Leaf to Canopy and Landscape: How Different Are Predictions Based on Contrasting Emission Algorithms?" In Tree Physiology, 357–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6606-8_13.

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Davison, Gareth W., and Colum P. Walsh. "Exercise, Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in the Epigenetic Landscape." In Oxidative Eustress in Exercise Physiology, 209–21. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003051619-17.

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Klemmedson, James O. "Topofunction of Soils and Vegetation in a Range Landscape." In Forage Plant Physiology and Soil-Range Relationships, 176–89. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/asaspecpub5.c15.

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Knoeff, Rina. "Breathscapes: Natural Environments in Eighteenth-Century Physiology and Psychosomatics of Breathing." In The Life of Breath in Literature, Culture and Medicine, 217–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74443-4_11.

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AbstractThe eighteenth century was obsessed with the physiology and pathology of respiration and the necessity of clean air and strong winds for health and well-being. Air referred not only to the air we breathe, but also to the natural environments that produce (i.e., breathe) and determine the quality of air. Knoeff’s essay is concerned with the question of how the (psycho) pathology of respiration is bound up (conspires) with natural environments, not only in the literal sense (in urban spaces as well as the countryside) but also as represented in the material and visual culture of households, most notably in landscape paintings in living rooms. It was thought that the viewing of spacious landscapes would stimulate the imagination and literally give breathing space.
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Guenther, Alex. "Upscaling Biogenic Volatile Compound Emissions from Leaves to Landscapes." In Tree Physiology, 391–414. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6606-8_14.

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Peng, C. K., S. V. Buldyrev, J. M. Hausdorff, S. Havlin, J. E. Mietus, M. Simons, H. E. Stanley, and A. L. Goldberger. "Fractal Landscapes in Physiology & Medicine: Long-Range Correlations in DNA Sequences and Heart Rate Intervals." In Fractals in Biology and Medicine, 55–65. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8501-0_5.

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Alaux, Cedric, Jean-Luc Brunet, and Mickael Henry. "Integrating physiological and ecological data to increase the effectiveness of bee protection and conservation." In Conservation Physiology, 57–68. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843610.003.0004.

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Due to growing anthropogenic pressures, substantial losses of honeybee colonies (Apis mellifera) have been reported around the world, and the species richness and abundance of most groups of wild bees have declined in recent decades across Europe and North America. Assessing the possible impacts of ongoing and future environmental changes and developing mitigative policies are therefore of top priority to conservationists. For that purpose, there is an urgent need to identify new metrics that can be used to capture the state of health of bees and therefore improve their population monitoring. We show that a combination of landscape ecology and physiological metrics of honeybee health status is a highly valuable approach to measure the efficiency of habitat-restoration and enhancement schemes. We then argue for the development of this approach to better assist conservation strategies of wild bees.
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"Changes in Tree Reproductive Traits Reduce Functional Diversity in a Fragmented Atlantic Forest Landscape." In Reproductive Physiology in Plants, 72–95. Apple Academic Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14533-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Physiology of landscape"

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Zhou, Yuan-Yuan, Yi-Xi Liu, and Xiu-Ping Ge. "The Influence of Urban Waterfront Space Landscape Form on the User’s Physiology." In 2021 International Conference on Culture-oriented Science & Technology (ICCST). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccst53801.2021.00094.

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Alaux, Cedric. "Integrating landscape ecology and insect physiology: The case of overwintering survival in honey bees." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.109688.

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Qin, Fujun. "Abstract 1476: Landscape of fusion RNAs generated by cis-spliced adjacent genes in cancer and normal physiology." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2018; April 14-18, 2018; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-1476.

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Barek, Viliam, Martina Kovacova, Dusan Igaz, and Oleg Paulen. "INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION ON THE MEASUREMENT OF SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE OF LEAVES." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s20.031.

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Using remote sensing functional aspects of the landscape such as energy exchange between vegetation and the atmosphere, surface reflectance or vegetation heat flux can be monitored and evaluated in detail. Multispectral imagery is used to obtain information on the condition of the vegetation and plant growth, as it allows us to obtain information on possible nutrient deficiencies, pest damage or other manifestations of abiotic stress on the plants. Each surface reflects and emits radiation at different wavelengths, making it possible to create spectral curves for each surface. The waveforms of spectral curves differ based on vegetation type or physiological state, they exhibit similar basic features. Vegetation indices are used to process the measured data. In our research we focused on the changes in the values of selected vegetation indices depending on soil moisture. Spectrometer measurements were only made in 2021 on walnut in the irrigated and non-irrigated variants. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) index is influenced by the chlorophyll content of the leaves. The NDVI value increased after application of irrigation dose. In the non-irrigated variant, the values decreased with decreasing rainfall and at the beginning of August. Measurements of vegetation indices show better canopy physiology in irrigated trees that responded to changes in soil moisture. Leaf physiological condition in the nonirrigated variant was more variable. As a result of the rainfall between 12 July and 27 July, when a total of 18.7 mm of rainfall fell, the condition of the non-irrigated trees began to improve.
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Kopanina, A. V., V. V. Ershov, and I. I. Vlasova. "Analysis of the accumulation of rare earth elements in woody plants growing in the volcanic landscapes of the Kuril Islands." In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-226.

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