Relevant bibliographies by topics / Physiological tremor

Academic literature on the topic 'Physiological tremor'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Physiological tremor"

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Sabah najim, Nawras, Abdulnasir H. Ameer, and Azad A. Mohammed. "The Electrophysiological Perspectives of Essential, Enhanced Physiological, and Physiological Tremors." Journal of the Faculty of Medicine Baghdad 64, no. 2 (July 24, 2022): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32007/jfacmedbagdad.6421921.

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Abstract: Background: The most frequent movement issue seen in clinical practice is tremors. It is known as repetitive, involuntary oscillations. The diagnostic process for tremor patients can be time-consuming and complicated, as the identification of “Essential Tremor” and its distinction from other types of tremor. Objectives: This study aimed to describe the electrophysiological findings of essential, enhanced physiological, and physiological tremors, using surface electromyography and an accelerometer. Patients and Methods: The study included 24 patients with essential tremors, 10 patients with enhanced physiological tremors, and 10 patients with physiological tremors. We assessed the frequency, amplitude, and muscular contraction pattern of tremors during rest, posture, and a 1 kg load. Results: The tremor frequency of essential tremor patients was about 4.2-10.1 Hertz, while enhanced physiological tremor and physiological tremor were increased to 6.1–12.7 Hertz and 5.1-10.2 Hertz, respectively. The essential tremor group muscle contraction pattern was predominantly synchronous, as do all enhanced physiological, and physiological tremor patients, but with more fine low amplitude muscle bursts. By varying the tremor frequency and the weight load effect, tremor analysis could discriminate essential from enhanced physiological, and physiological tremors. Conclusions: The tremor analysis using surface electromyography and an accelerometer is sufficient to differentiate between essential tremors, enhanced physiological tremors, and physiological tremors.
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Brindha, A., K. A. Sunitha, and S. Robert Wilson. "TREMOR CLASSIFICATION USING WEARABLE IOT BASED SENSORS." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1219, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1219/1/012024.

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Abstract Tremors, a significant symptom of movement disorder, affects a part of the body ranging from slight to severe. These Tremors are symptoms of various neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), Essential tremors (ET), Physiological tremors (PT), Cerebellar tremor, Dystonic tremor, Psychogenic tremor, and many more. Tremor features and types differ for various neurological disorders. During the early stages of the disease, clinical examination of tremors plays a significant role in diagnose management. This work aims to develop a wearable assistive system with an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor to classify the tremor of three different neurological disorders based on the tremor position and frequency. This research has been carried out in SRM Medical college and Research Centre with 15 patients. The type of neurodegenerative disease of the subject with tremor is evaluated based on the tremor position and tremor frequency level. The data is collected, transmitted, and processed using the IMU sensor with Internet of things (IoT) and Node MCU board. The decision tree algorithm is used for the classification of tremors. ET, PD, and PT tremors are classified based on the tremor frequency and tremor position. A high rate of accuracy is achieved for the developed system when compared with the Neurologist results. The proposed device quantitatively classified the tremor based on the frequency and position among the three different neurological disorders, i.e., ET, PD, and PT tremors.
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Hossen, A., G. Deuschl, S. Groppa, U. Heute, and M. Muthuraman. "Discrimination of physiological tremor from pathological tremor using accelerometer and surface EMG signals." Technology and Health Care 28, no. 5 (September 18, 2020): 461–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/thc-191947.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although careful clinical examination and medical history are the most important steps towards a diagnostic separation between different tremors, the electro-physiological analysis of the tremor using accelerometry and electromyography (EMG) of the affected limbs are promising tools. METHODS: A soft-decision wavelet-based decomposition technique is applied with 8 decomposition stages to estimate the power spectral density of accelerometer and surface EMG signals (sEMG) sampled at 800 Hz. A discrimination factor between physiological tremor (PH) and pathological tremor, namely, essential tremor (ET) and the tremor caused by Parkinson’s disease (PD), is obtained by summing the power entropy in band 6 (B6: 7.8125–9.375 Hz) and band 11 (B11: 15.625–17.1875 Hz). RESULTS: A discrimination accuracy of 93.87% is obtained between the PH group and the ET & PD group using a voting between three results obtained from the accelerometer signal and two sEMG signals. CONCLUSION: Biomedical signal processing techniques based on high resolution wavelet spectral analysis of accelerometer and sEMG signals are implemented to efficiently perform classification between physiological tremor and pathological tremor.
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TIMMER, J., M. LAUK, S. HÄUßLER, V. RADT, B. KÖSTER, B. HELLWIG, B. GUSCHLBAUER, C. H. LÜCKING, M. EICHLER, and G. DEUSCHL. "CROSS-SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF TREMOR TIME SERIES." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 10, no. 11 (November 2000): 2595–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127400001663.

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We discuss cross-spectral analysis and report applications for the investigation of human tremors. For the physiological tremor in healthy subjects, the analysis enables to determine the resonant contribution to the oscillation and allows to test for a contribution of reflexes to this tremor. Comparing the analysis of the relation between the tremor of both hands in normal subjects and subjects with a rare abnormal organization of certain neural pathways proves the involvement of central structures in enhanced physiological tremor. The relation between the left and the right side of the body in pathological tremor shows a specific difference between orthostatic and all other forms of tremor. An investigation of EEG and tremor in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease reveals the tremor-correlated cortical activity. Finally, the general issue of interpreting the results of methods designed for the analysis of bivariate processes when applied to multivariate processes is considered. We discuss and apply partial cross-spectral analysis in the frame of graphical models as an extention of bivariate cross-spectral analysis for the multivariate case.
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Hwang, Ing-Shiou, Zong-Ru Yang, Chien-Ting Huang, and Mei-Chun Guo. "Reorganization of multidigit physiological tremors after repetitive contractions of a single finger." Journal of Applied Physiology 106, no. 3 (March 2009): 966–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90851.2008.

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In light of the interplay among physiological finger tremors, this study was undertaken to investigate the transfer effect of fatigue on coordinative strategies of multiple fingers. Fourteen volunteers performed prolonged position tracking with a loaded middle finger while measures of neuromuscular function, including electromyographic activities of the extensor digitorum (ED)/flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and physiological tremors of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers, were monitored. The subjects exhibited inferior tracking congruence and an increase in ED activity at the end of the tracking. Fatigue spread was manifested in a remarkable increase in tremor across fingers, in association with enhanced involuntary tremor coupling among fingers that was topologically organized in relation to the distance of the digits from the middle finger. Principal component analysis suggested that an enhanced 8- to 12-Hz central rhythm contributed primarily to the tremor restructure following fatigue spread. The observed tremor reorganization validated the hypothesis that the effect of fatigue was not limited to the instructed finger and that fatigue functionally decreased independence of the digits. The spreading of fatigue weakens neural inputs that diverge to motor units acting on various digits because of fatigue-related enhancement of common drive at the supraspinal level.
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Sturman, Molly M., David E. Vaillancourt, and Daniel M. Corcos. "Effects of Aging on the Regularity of Physiological Tremor." Journal of Neurophysiology 93, no. 6 (June 2005): 3064–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01218.2004.

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The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of healthy aging on the regularity of physiological tremor under rest and postural conditions. Additionally, we examined the contribution of mechanical reflex factors to age-related changes in postural physiological tremor. Tremor regularity, tremor–electromyographic (EMG) coherence, tremor amplitude, and tremor modal frequency were calculated for 4 age groups (young: 20–30 yr, young-old: 60–69 yr, old: 70–79 yr, and old-old: 80–94 yr) under resting and loaded postural conditions. There were 6 important findings from this study: 1) there were no differences between the young and elderly subjects for any of the dependent variables measured under the rest condition; 2) postural physiological tremor regularity was increased in the elderly; 3) postural physiological tremor-EMG coherence was also increased in the elderly, and there was a strong linear relation between peak tremor-EMG coherence in the 1- to 8-Hz frequency band and regularity of tremor. This relation was primarily driven by the increased magnitude of tremor-EMG coherence at 5.85 and 6.83 Hz; 4) enhanced mechanical reflex properties were not responsible for the increased magnitude of tremor-EMG coherence in the elderly subjects; 5) tremor amplitude was not different between the 4 age groups, but there was a slight decline in tremor modal frequency in the oldest age group in the unloaded condition; and 6) despite the increases in postural physiological tremor regularity and the magnitude of low frequency tremor-EMG coherence with age, there was a clear demarcation between healthy aging and previously published findings related to tremor pathology.
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Mazur-Różycka, Joanna, Jan Gajewski, Joanna Orysiak, Dariusz Sitkowski, and Krzysztof Buśko. "The Influence of Fatigue on the Characteristics of Physiological Tremor and Hoffmann Reflex in Young Men." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4 (February 15, 2023): 3436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043436.

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The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between changes in physiological tremor after exercise and changes in the traction properties of the stretch reflex indirectly assessed using the Hoffmann reflex test. The research involved 19 young men practicing canoe sprint (age 16.4 ± 0.7 years, body mass 74.4 ± 6.7 kg, body height 182.1 ± 4.3 cm, training experience 4.8 ± 1.6 years). During resting tests, Hoffmann reflex measurements were performed from the soleus muscle, physiological tremor of the lower limb, and the blood lactate concentration was determined. Then, a graded test was carried out on the kayak/canoe ergometer. Immediately after the exercise and in the 10th and 25th minute following the exercise, Hoffmann’s reflex of the soleus muscle was measured. The physiological tremor was measured at 5, 15 and 30 min after exercise. Blood lactate concentrations were determined immediately after physiological tremor. Both the parameters of Hoffmann’s reflex and physiological tremor changed significantly after exercise. There were no significant interrelationships between Hoffmann reflex measurements and physiological tremor in resting and post-exercise conditions. No significant correlation was detected between changes in physiological tremor and changes in Hoffmann reflex parameters. It is to be assumed that there is no connection between a stretch reflex and a physiological tremor.
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Albert, Mark V., and Konrad P. Kording. "Determining posture from physiological tremor." Experimental Brain Research 215, no. 3-4 (October 14, 2011): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2889-3.

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Makhoul, Karim, Rechdi Ahdab, Naji Riachi, Moussa A. Chalah, and Samar S. Ayache. "Tremor in Multiple Sclerosis—An Overview and Future Perspectives." Brain Sciences 10, no. 10 (October 12, 2020): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100722.

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Tremor is an important and common symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It constituted one of the three core features of MS triad described by Charcot in the last century. Tremor could have a drastic impact on patients’ quality of life. This paper provides an overview of tremor in MS and future perspectives with a particular emphasis on its epidemiology (prevalence: 25–58%), clinical characteristics (i.e., large amplitude 2.5–7 Hz predominantly postural or intention tremor vs. exaggerated physiological tremor vs. pseudo-rhythmic activity arising from cerebellar dysfunction vs. psychogenic tremor), pathophysiological mechanisms (potential implication of cerebellum, cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathways, basal ganglia, and brainstem), assessment modalities (e.g., tremor rating scales, Stewart–Holmes maneuver, visual tracking, digitized spirography and accelerometric techniques, accelerometry–electromyography coupling), and therapeutic options (i.e., including pharmacological agents, botulinum toxin A injections; deep brain stimulation or thalamotomy reserved for severe, disabling, or pharmaco-resistant tremors). Some suggestions are provided to help overcome the unmet needs and guide future therapeutic and diagnostic studies in this complex disorder.
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Halliday, David M., Bernard A. Conway, Simon F. Farmer, and Jay R. Rosenberg. "Load-Independent Contributions From Motor-Unit Synchronization to Human Physiological Tremor." Journal of Neurophysiology 82, no. 2 (August 1, 1999): 664–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1999.82.2.664.

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This study describes two load-independent rhythmic contributions from motor-unit synchronization to normal physiological tremor, which occur in the frequency ranges 1–12 Hz and 15–30 Hz. In common with previous studies, we use increased inertial loading to identify load-independent components of physiological tremor. The data consist of simultaneous recordings of tremor acceleration from the third finger, a surface electromyogram (EMG), and the discharges of pairs of single motor units from the extensor digitorum communis (EDC) muscle, collected from 13 subjects, and divided into 2 data sets: 106 records with the finger unloaded and 84 records with added mass from 5 to 40 g. Frequency domain analysis of motor-unit data from individual subjects reveals the presence of two distinct frequency bands in motor-unit synchronization, 1–12 Hz and 15–30 Hz. A novel Fourier-based population analysis demonstrates that the same two rhythmic components are present in motor-unit synchronization across both data sets. These frequency components are not related to motor-unit firing rates. The same frequency bands are present in the correlation between motor-unit activity and tremor and between surface EMG activity and tremor, despite a significant alteration in the characteristics of the tremor with increased inertial loading. A multivariate analysis demonstrates conclusively that motor-unit synchronization is the source of these contributions to normal physiological tremor. The population analysis suggests that single motor-unit discharges can predict an average of 10% of the total tremor signal in these two frequency bands. Rectified surface EMG can predict an average of 20% of the tremor; therefore within our population of recordings, the two components of motor-unit synchronization account for an average of 20% of the total tremor signal, in the frequency ranges 1–12 Hz and 15–30 Hz. Our results demonstrate that normal physiological tremor is a complex signal containing information relating to motor-unit synchronization in different frequency bands, and lead to a revised definition of normal physiological tremor during low force postural contractions, which is based on using both the tremor spectra and the correlation between motor-unit activity and tremor to characterize the load-dependent and the load-independent components of tremor. In addition, both physiological tremor and rectified EMG emerge as powerful predictors of the frequency components of motor-unit synchronization.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Physiological tremor"

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Veluvolu, Kalyana [Verfasser]. "Real-time Filtering of Physiological Tremor for Microsurgery. Physiological Tremor Robotic Compensation / Kalyana Veluvolu." München : GRIN Verlag, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220832847/34.

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Williams, Elizabeth R. "Network contributors to physiological tremor." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500953.

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This thesis investigates circuits within the brain and spinal cord that contribute to -10 Hz physiological tremor and slow finger movement discontinuities. Electrophysiological recordings were made from the motor areas of two macaque monkeys trained to perform index finger flexion movements whilst tracking a moving target. We recorded local field potentials and single units from the primary motor cortex (Ml), deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN), pontomedullary reticular formation (PMRF) and the intermediate zone of the spinal cord (SC). Activity for all areas was coherent with finger acceleration at -10 Hz.
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Keogh, Justin W. L., and n/a. "Constraints on the Control of Physiological Tremor." Griffith University. School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070208.110453.

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This thesis sought to: 1) examine the effect of a number of organism and task constraints on the control of two forms of physiological tremor, namely postural and finger-pinch force tremor; and 2) determine if the expected constraint-related changes in tremor output were associated with alterations in the control strategy utilised by the performer. The organism constraints were age and resistance-training (for both forms of tremor), while the task constraints were visual feedback, target size and limb preference (postural tremor) and mean force, target shape and limb preference (force tremor). The postural (index finger) tremor amplitude of young adults was significantly greater in the augmented vision (AV) than normal vision (NV) conditions and when using the non-preferred than preferred limb. Even greater differences/changes in postural tremor amplitude were observed as a function of aging and training. Older adults had significantly more index finger tremor amplitude than young adults. Regardless, the older adults who completed a six weeks program of unilateral strength- or coordination-training were able to significantly reduce their tremor amplitude. Although the training-related reductions in tremor amplitude were of a greater magnitude for the trained than untrained limb, a significant reduction in the tremor amplitude of the untrained limb was also observed for the coordination-training group. All of these significant differences/changes in tremor amplitude were associated with significant changes in a number of other dependent variables. For example, the task- and age-related increases in tremor amplitude were primarily a result of greater 8-12 Hz tremor power and were associated with increased EMG activity/co-activation of the extensor digitorum (ED) and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) muscles and a significant reduction in intra-limb (index finger-hand and forearm-upper arm) coupling. The significant reductions in tremor amplitude observed for the resistance-trained older adults was a result of a significant decline in 8-12 Hz power and were associated with a significant reduction in ED and FDS co-activation. However, no significant change in intra-limb coupling was observed. The overall trends observed in the results for the finger-pinch force tremor experiments were similar to those for postural tremor. Older adults had significantly more finger-pinch force tremor (i.e. force variability and targeting error) than young adults, although older adults who performed six weeks of unilateral strength-training were able to significantly reduce the force variability and targeting error of the trained limb. No significant training-related reduction in force tremor was however observed for the untrained limb. The significant age-related increase in force tremor was a result of greater low frequency (less than 2 Hz) power and was associated with a significant loss of inter-digit force sharing and coupling as well as tactile sensitivity. Interestingly, the training-related decreases in force tremor were not associated with significant changes in any of the frequency, sharing or coupling measures. Collectively, the results of the five experiments contained in this thesis add much to our understanding of postural and force tremor. Results indicated that numerous task and organism constraints can have a substantial effect on the resulting tremor output. Furthermore, the task- and age-related differences in the power spectral, muscle activity and coupling measures suggested that the changes in tremor output were the result of the use of an altered (sub-optimal) control strategy. The age-related increase in postural and force tremor amplitude may therefore reflect not only an overall decline in neuromuscular system function, but also the relative inability of older adults to effectively coordinate the output of numerous degrees of freedom (limb segments). The effect of the aging process on tremor output was somewhat reversible, with the older adults who performed resistance-training significantly improving their control of both postural and force tremor. There was some evidence that resistance-training could produce cross-education effects in older adults, although these were only statistically significant for postural tremor amplitude in the coordination-training group and for wrist flexion strength in the strength-training group. The relative brevity of the training program (6 weeks) and the observable cross-education effects suggest that the reduction in tremor amplitude and increases in strength were primarily a result of neural adaptations. Such findings further support the prescription of resistance-training for improving physical function in older individuals.
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Vernooij, Carlijn Andrea. "The role of mechanical resonance in physiological tremor." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5006/.

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The origin of physiological tremor has been studied for many years. Several central and spinal mechanisms which provide an oscillatory input to the muscles have been proposed. Nevertheless, any neural control signal inevitably has to work upon a resonant peripheral system involving the series-coupled elastic muscle-tendon complex and the inertia of the limb. In this thesis I look into the potential role for mechanical resonance to explain tremor. First, I show that the resonant component of hand tremor depends on the velocity of hand movement. Movement reduces muscle stiffness (a process called muscle thixotropy) and the tremor frequency falls. Second, I demonstrate that rhythmic tremor is abolished when eliminating resonance by recording tremor in isometric conditions. Third, I replaced EMG by an artificial drive. This generated tremor which behaved similarly to physiological postural and dynamic tremor. Finally, I studied the relationship between EMG and tremor in the transition from posture to movement. Muscle converts EMG into acceleration differently for static and moving limbs. These findings suggest that there is a key role for mechanical resonance in the generation of physiological tremor. A frequency-specific neural input is not necessary to produce any of the characteristic peaks in postural or dynamic tremor.
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Higenbottam, Colin. "Investigation of the genesis of physiological and shivering tremor." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1992. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843520/.

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An investigation of the spectral characteristics of physiological tremor and cold-induced shivering tremor in the limbs of healthy subjects was conducted. Recordings of posture-maintaining index finger and hand tremor motion were made using miniature accelerometers, together with emg activity in associated superficial extensor and flexor muscles. The effects on physiological finger and hand tremor spectra of systematically applied external inertial and force loads were studied. Comparison was made of bilateral index finger tremor spectra in three characteristic frequency bands. Estimates were also made of the variation of hand tremor frequency with time. The results showed that the dominant responses to modified limb inertia were representative of those of a second order mass-spring mechanism. In contrast, tremor frequency changes consequent upon externally imposed changes in muscle stiffness were not identifiable with this simple mechanism, suggestive of the existence of muscle tone-mediated action of a reflex loop. Measurement of bilateral finger tremor showed no evidence for a common tremor site at the same segmental level. Significant, random changes with time of postural hand tremor frequency were observed. The variation of frequency with time was smaller at higher levels of externally imposed muscle tension. Using a variety of methods of cooling, shivering was induced in 6 subjects and a descriptive analysis was made of hand and upper arm tremor, both in one arm and bilaterally. An experiment was conducted to detect shivering responses to external localised cooling of the spine. The results showed that synchronous co-contraction of limb flexor/extensor muscles was not universally present during shivering, that shivering was invariably accompanied by an increase in the mean level of muscle activity and that steady preshivering muscle tone was often absent between episodes of shivering. Comparison of bilateral upper arm tremor signals showed that shivering was frequently evident at different frequencies without coherence. No shivering responses were detected when the spine was locally cooled to a temperature comparable with that when shivering was evoked by whole-body cooling. It is concluded that the rhythm of both types of limb muscle tremor is predominantly the result of the excitation and regenerative oscillation of a resonant structure under the influence of the highly adaptive spinal reflex arc. It is also recognised that the observation of wide variability between the subjects' responses may signal the action of additional factors on tremor characteristics.
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Kelly, James Francis. "A clinical study of physiological and pathological tremor in the elderly." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356865.

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Bye, Robin Trulssen Electrical Engineering &amp Telecommunications Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "The BUMP model of response planning: a neuroengineering account of speed-accuracy tradeoffs, velocity profiles, and physiological tremor in movement." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43542.

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Speed-accuracy tradeoffs, velocity profiles, and physiological tremor are fundamental characteristics of human movement. The principles underlying these phenomena have long attracted major interest and controversy. Each is well established experimentally but as yet they have no common theoretical basis. It is proposed that these three phenomena occur as the direct consequence of a movement response planning system that acts as an intermittent optimal controller operating at discrete intervals of ~100 ms. The BUMP model of response planning describes such a system. It forms the kernel of adaptive model theory which defines, in computational terms, a basic unit of motor production or BUMP. Each BUMP consists of three processes: (i) analysing sensory information, (ii) planning a desired optimal response, and (iii) executing that response. These processes operate in parallel across successive sequential BUMPs. The response planning process requires a discrete time interval in which to generate a minimum acceleration trajectory of variable duration, or horizon, to connect the actual response with the predicted future state of the target and compensate for executional error. BUMP model simulation studies show that intermittent adaptive optimal control employing two extremes of variable horizon predictive control reproduces almost exactly findings from several authoritative human experiments. On the one extreme, simulating spatially-constrained movements, a receding horizon strategy results in a logarithmic speed-accuracy tradeoff and accompanying asymmetrical velocity profiles. On the other extreme, simulating temporally-constrained movements, a fixed horizon strategy results in a linear speed-accuracy tradeoff and accompanying symmetrical velocity profiles. Furthermore, simulating ramp movements, a receding horizon strategy closely reproduces experimental observations of 10 Hz physiological tremor. A 100 ms planning interval yields waveforms and power spectra equivalent to those of joint-angle, angular velocity and electromyogram signals recorded for several speeds, directions, and skill levels of finger movement. While other models of response planning account for one or other set of experimentally observed features of speed-accuracy tradeoffs, velocity profiles, and physiological tremor, none accounts for all three. The BUMP model succeeds in explaining these disparate movement phenomena within a single framework, strengthening this approach as the foundation for a unified theory of motor control and planning.
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Mavoungou, Roger. "Contribution a l'etude de la substance noire reticulee : controle exerce sur cette structure par le striatum : modification de son activite apres lesion de la voie nigrostriee ou traitement par un neuroleptique." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066409.

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Chez les patients atteints de la maladie de parkinson, les cellules de la substance noire compacte disparaissent progressivement et leurs terminaisons dopaminergiques, qui se projettent vers le striatum, degenerent. Il est etudie si ces desordres induisent des modifications des activites striatales afferentes. Pour cela, chez, des rats ayant un dysfonctionnement du striatum, on etudie l'activite des cellules de l'un des principaux relais de cette voie, la substance noire reticulee. La dysfonction du striatum a ete obtenue par 3 techniques: depression envahissante appliquee electivement au niveau des corps stries; lesions pharmacologiques (6-hydroxydopamine) de la voie nigro-striatale; administration d'halogenidol neuroleptique
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Rahimi, Fariborz. "Tremor in Parkinson's Disease: Loading and Trends in Tremor Characteristics." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5617.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neuro-degenerative chronic disorder with cardinal signs of bradykinesia, resting tremor, rigidity, and postural abnormality/instability. Tremor, which is a manifestation of both normal and abnormal activities in the nervous system, can be described as an involuntary and periodic oscillation of any limb. Such an oscillation with a small amplitude, which is barely visible to the naked eye, is present in healthy people. This is called a physiological tremor and is asymptomatic. This tremor is believed to be the result of at least two distinct oscillations. A passive mechanical oscillation that is produced by the irregularities of motor unit firing, and by blood ejection during cardiac systole. The frequency and amplitude of these oscillations are dependent on the mechanical properties of the limb including joint stiffness and limb inertia. There is another component of oscillation that does not respond to elastic or inertial loading, which is called the central component, and is believed to arise from an unknown oscillating neuronal network within the central nervous system. Unlike physiological tremor, pathological tremors are symptomatic and can impair motor performance. Parkinson's disease (PD) tremor is generally manifested at rest, but also occurs during posture or motion. Classical PD rest tremor is known to be a central tremor of 4-6 Hz and peripheral origins have only a minimal role. However, whether or not the same central mechanism remains active during action tremor (including posture and movement) should yet be answered. Contrary to PD rest tremor, reported results on action tremor in the literature are diverse; and the reason for the changes in tremor characteristics in situations other than rest, or generally during muscle activation, is not fully understood. The lack of generality in the results of studies on action tremor, makes the efforts of treatment difficult, and is a barrier for mechanical/engineering approaches of suppressing this tremor. To investigate the role of mechanisms other than classic rest tremor, and possible sub-categories of tremulous PD in yielding diverse results, this study was conducted on twenty PD patients and fourteen healthy age-matched (on average) controls. To evaluate the possible contribution of (enhanced) physiological tremor, the study considered the effect of loading on postural hand tremor in a complete range of 0-100% MVC (Maximum Voluntary Contraction). The study looked at two measures of tremor amplitude and one measure of tremor frequency, and focused on two frequency bands of classic-rest (3.5-6.5 Hz) and physiological (7.5-16.5 Hz) tremors. The study revealed that PD tremor was not uniformly distributed in the three dimensional space, and then focused on the investigation of tremor in the dominant axis, which was the same as direction of loading. It also revealed that dopaminergic medication could significantly affect tremor components only in PD band, compared to the components in the physiological band. The study was an extension to previous studies and yielded similar results for the previously reported range of loading. However, with the extended range of loading, it revealed novel results particularly after separating PD patients into sub-groups. It was hypothesized that the coexistence of physiological mechanism, and considerable difference between sub-types of tremulous PD patients, are responsible for most of the diversity in the previously reported studies. This study showed that for clearer results the sub-groups are inevitable, and that automatic classification (clustering) provided the most separable sub-groups. These sub-groups had distinct trends of load effect on tremor amplitude and frequency. No matter which categorization method was used, at least one sub-group exhibited significantly higher tremor energy compared to the healthy participants not only in the PD band, but also in the physiological band. This meant that, for some sub-groups of PD, the physiological tremor is a very important mechanism and not the same as that of healthy people. The coexistence hypothesis was also affirmed by examining tremor spectrums' peak frequency and magnitude in the two separate bands. The necessity of the separation of tremulous PD patients into sub-groups, and the coexistence of physiological and classic PD tremor mechanisms for some of them are the factor that should be considered in the design of a suppressing device and also in the proposed treatment of action tremor in this population.
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Sowman, Paul Fredrick. "The contribution of periodontal mechanoreceptors to physiological tremor in the human jaw." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/45672.

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The human jaw, like all other articulated body parts, exhibits small oscillatory movements during isometric holding tasks. These movements, known as physiological tremor, arise as a consequence of the interaction of various factors. One of these factors is reflex feedback from peripheral receptors. In the human jaw, receptors that innervate the periodontium are able to transduce minute changes in force. This thesis examines the contribution of these periodontal mechanoreceptors (PMRs) to the genesis of physiological tremor of the human jaw. By using frequency domain analysis of time series recorded during isometric biting tasks, the character of physiological jaw tremor can be revealed. Physiological jaw tremor was observed in force recorded from between the teeth as well as from electromyograms recorded from the principal muscles of mastication. These recordings have shown us that jaw physiological tremor consists of a frequency invariant component between 6 and 10Hz. This frequency remains unaltered under various load conditions where the mechanical resonance of the jaw would be expected to vary greatly (Chapter 2). Such findings indicate a ‘neurogenic’ origin for this tremor. A possible candidate for this neurogenic component of physiological tremor in the jaw is the reflex feedback arising from the PMRs. Using local anaesthetisation, it has been shown in this thesis, that by blocking outflow from the PMRs, the amplitude of neurogenic physiological jaw tremor can be reduced dramatically. This procedure caused a dramatic reduction in not only the mechanical recordings of tremor but also in the coupling between masseteric muscles bilaterally (Chapter 3) and between single motor units recorded from within a homonymous muscle (Chapter 4). The obvious mechanism by which periodontal mechanoreceptor anaesthetisation could reduce the amplitude of physiological tremor in the jaw would be by reducing the amplitude of the oscillatory input to the motoneurones driving the tremor. This interpretation remains controversial however as physiological tremor in the jaw can be observed at force levels above which the PMRs are supposedly saturated in their response. In light of this knowledge, the saturating characteristics of these receptors in terms of reflex output were examined. To do this, a novel stimulation paradigm was devised whereby the incisal teeth were mechanically stimulated with identical stimulus waveforms superimposed upon increasing tooth preloads. This necessitated the use of a frequency response method to quantify the reflexes. An optimal frequency for stimulation was identified and used to confirm that the hyperbolic saturating response of PMRs observed previously, translated to a similar phenomenon in masticatory reflexes (Chapter 5). These data reinforced the idea that physiological tremor in the jaw was not just a consequence of rhythmic reflex input from PMRs, as the dynamic reflex response uncoupled from the input as the receptor-mediated reflex response saturated. An alternative hypothesis was then developed that suggested the effect of PMR suppression in physiological tremor was via tonic rather than rhythmic effects on the masseteric motoneurone pool. By utilising a novel contraction strategy to manipulate the mean firing rate of the motor neuron pool at a given level of force production, data contained in Chapter 6 shows that population motor unit firing statistics influence the expression of physiological tremor, and such manipulations mimic, to an extent, the changes in firing statistics and tremor amplitude seen during anaesthetisation of the PMRs. This thesis therefore posits a mechanism whereby periodontal input influences the firing rate of motoneurones in such a way as to promote tremulous activity (Chapter 5). However, as this proposed mechanism did not explain the full extent of tremor suppression seen during PMR anaesthetisation it can therefore only be considered a contributing factor in a multifactor process.
http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1297555
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, 2007
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Books on the topic "Physiological tremor"

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Backx, Karianne. An investigation into the effects of cooling, ischaemia and electrical stimulation on physiological tremor measured isotonically and isometrically. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1998.

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2

(Japan), Baiomekanizumu Gakkai, ed. Seitai no furue to shindō chikaku: Mekanikaru baiburēshon no kinō hyōka = Tremor and vibratory perception in a living body : functional evaluation of mechanical vibration. Tōkyō: Tōkyō Denki Daigaku Shuppankyoku, 2009.

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3

Thompson, Phillip D., Hiroshi Shibasaki, and Mark Hallett. The Neurophysiological Basis of Myoclonus. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0037.

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There are several types of myoclonus, with a variety of classification schemes, and the clinician must determine what type of myoclonus a patient has and what type of neurophysiological assessment can facilitate diagnosis. The electromyographic (EMG) correlate of the myoclonus should be examined, including the response to sensory stimuli (C-reflex). The electroencephalographic (EEG) correlate of the myoclonus should then be examined, possibly including back-averaging from the myoclonus or looking at corticomuscular (EEG–EMG) coherence. The somatosensory evoked response (SEP) should be obtained. Such studies will help determine the myoclonus origin, most commonly cortical or brainstem. One form of cortical myoclonus has the clinical appearance of a tremor (cortical tremor). Brainstem myoclonus includes exaggerated startle (hyperekplexia). Other forms of myoclonus include spinal myoclonus and functional myoclonus, which have their own distinct physiological signature. Several causes of myoclonus are reviewed, including rare types such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
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Book chapters on the topic "Physiological tremor"

1

Alusi, S. H., and P. G. Bain. "Tremor: Natural Behaviour, Trial Design and Physiological Outcome Measures." In Clinical Trials in Neurology, 347–57. London: Springer London, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3787-0_29.

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Conway, B. A., S. F. Farmer, D. M. Halliday, and J. R. Rosenberg. "On the Relation between Motor-Unit Discharge and Physiological Tremor." In Alpha and Gamma Motor Systems, 596–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1935-5_130.

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Löscher, W. N., and E. Gallasch. "Myoelectric Signs of Muscle Fatigue and Physiological Tremor from Childhood to Seniority." In Sensorimotor Impairment in the Elderly, 103–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1976-4_8.

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Starita, Serena, Monica Guerra, Lorenzo Pascazio, and Agostino Accardo. "Enhanced Physiological Tremor in Normal Ageing: Kinematic and Spectral Analysis of Elderly Handwriting." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 93–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19745-1_7.

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5

Kannan, Vishal, K. Adalarasu, Priyadarshini Natarajan, and Venkatesh Balasubramanian. "Analyzing the Effect of Visual Cue on Physiological Hand Tremor Using Wearable Accelerometer Sensors." In Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2021), 517–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74614-8_66.

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6

Hohler, Anna DePold, and Marcus Ponce de Leon. "Physiologic Tremor." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2688. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_474.

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Hohler, Anna DePold, and Marcus Ponce de Leon. "Physiologic Tremor." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_474-2.

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8

Elble, Rodger J. "Physiologic Tremor." In Mechanisms and Emerging Therapies in Tremor Disorders, 111–19. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4027-7_6.

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9

Hohler, Anna DePold, and Marcus Ponce de Leon. "Physiologic Tremor." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1947–48. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_474.

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10

Deuschl, G., J. Timmer, H. Genger, C. Gantert, C. H. Lücking, and J. Honerkamp. "Frequency, Amplitude, and Waveform Characteristics of Physiologic and Pathologic Tremors." In Instrumental Methods and Scoring in Extrapyramidal Disorders, 93–100. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78914-4_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Physiological tremor"

1

Saxena, Abhijit, and Rajni V. Patel. "Sensing Physiological Tremor in a Hand-Held Microsurgical Instrument." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14185.

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Physiological tremor is an involuntary, approximately rhythmic and roughly sinusoidal movement [1]. It is inherent in all humans. The characteristics of physiological tremor are highly dependent on the body parts [2]. For instance, the frequency of tremor in the elbow ranges from 3 to 5 Hz while it ranges from 8 to 12 Hz in the wrist. Physiological tremor is benign for everyday tasks such as walking or eating. However, tasks that require fine muscle control such as microsurgery or military targeting are susceptible to physiological tremor. The imprecision in positioning the tool-tip due to the tremor makes some ophthalmological, neurological and inner ear microsurgeries difficult [3]. Therefore, real-time compensation of physiological tremor would enable surgeons to accurately perform microsurgeries.
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2

Singh, S. P. N., and C. N. Riviere. "Physiological tremor amplitude during retinal microsurgery." In Proceedings of the IEEE 28th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference. IEEE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nebc.2002.999520.

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3

Aljihmani, Lilia, Hasan Abbas, Yibo Zhu, Ranjana K. Mehta, Farzan Sasangohar, Madhav Erraguntla, Mark Lawley, Qammer H. Abbasi, and Khalid Qaraqe. "Features of Physiological Tremor in Diabetic Patients." In 2019 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isc246665.2019.9071646.

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4

Becker, Brian C., Harsha Tummala, and Cameron N. Riviere. "Autoregressive modeling of physiological tremor under microsurgical conditions." In 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2008.4649569.

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Latt, W. T., U. X. Tan, C. Y. Shee, and W. T. Ang. "A compact hand-held active physiological tremor compensation instrument." In 2009 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aim.2009.5229927.

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Veluvolu, K. C., U. X. Tan, W. T. Latt, C. Y. Shee, and W. T. Ang. "Adaptive filtering of physiological tremor for real-time compensation." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robio.2009.4913057.

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Veluvolu, K. C., S. Tatinati, S. M. Hong, and W. T. Ang. "Multi-step prediction of physiological tremor for robotics applications." In 2013 35th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2013.6610689.

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Latt, W. T., U. X. Tan, K. C. Veluvolu, C. Y. Shee, and W. T. Ang. "Physiological tremor sensing using only accelerometers for real-time compensation." In 2008 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robio.2009.4913049.

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Almeida, M. F. S., G. L. Cavalheiro, D. A. Furtado, A. A. Pereira, and A. O. Andrade. "Quantification of physiological kinetic tremor and its correlation with aging." In 2012 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346504.

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Adhikari, Kabita, Sivanagaraja Tatinati, Kalyana C. Veluvolu, Jonathon A. Chambers, and Kianoush Nazarpour. "Real-time physiological tremor estimation using recursive singular spectrum analysis." In 2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037538.

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