Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Physicochemical and biological properties'
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Knaggs, Roger D. "Physicochemical properties of opiates : analytical and biological relevance." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363687.
Full textOchoa, Rodríguez Victor Manuel. "Physicochemical and biological properties of Biodentine associated with radiopacifiers /." Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153853.
Full textResumo: BiodentineTM (BD) apresenta bioatividade, biocompatibilidade e propriedades físico-químicas adequadas; no entanto, não possui radiopacidade adequada. Os objetivos foram avaliar (1) a radiopacidade de BD e BD associado com 15% de tungstato de cálcio (BDCaWO4) ou óxido de zircônio (BDZrO2), empregando sistemas de radiografia convencional e digital; e (2) as propriedades físico-químicas de tempo de presa, pH e solubilidade, e as propriedades biológicas de citocompatibilidade e potencial para induzir mineralização desses cimentos. Para a avaliação da radiopacidade, cada corpo de prova foi radiografado ao lado de uma escada de alumínio usando filme oclusal, placa de fósforo ou sensores digitais. As radiografias convencionais foram digitalizadas por câmera fotográfica ou scanner. Os valores médios de cinza dos materiais foram expressos em milímetros de alumínio (mm Al). A solubilidade foi avaliada após 7 dias de imersão dos espécimes em água destilada e expressa em percentagem de perda de massa. O tempo de presa foi avaliado empregando a agulha de Gillmore (105 ± 0,5 g) e o pH foi mensurado com um medidor de pH. A citocompatibilidade e a bioatividade celular foram avaliadas em células de linhagem osteoblástica (Saos-2) utilizando os ensaios de metiltetrazólio (MTT), vermelho neutro (NR), atividade de fosfatase alcalina (ALP) e coloração de vermelho de alizarina. Os dados foram avaliados utilizando ANOVA de um fator e pós-teste Tukey ou ANOVA de dois fatores e pós-teste de Bonferron... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: BiodentineTM (BD) presents bioactivity, biocompatibility and suitable physicochemical properties; however, it does not have adequate radiopacity. The objectives were to evaluate (1) the radiopacity of BD and BD associated with 15% calcium tungstate (BDCaWO4) or zirconium oxide (BDZrO2), employing conventional and digital radiography systems; and (2) the physicochemical properties of setting time, pH and solubility, and biological properties of cytocompatibility and potential to induce mineralization of these cements. For radiopacity evaluation, each cement specimen was radiographed alongside an aluminum step-wedge using occlusal film, photostimulable phosphor plates or digital sensors. The conventional radiographies were digitized by digital photographic camera or scanner. Mean grey values of materials were expressed in millimeters of aluminum (mm Al). Solubility was evaluated after 7 days of specimens’ immersion in distilled water and expressed as percentage of mass loss. Setting time was evaluated employing a Gillmore needle (105 ± 0.5 g) and pH was evaluated with pH meter. The cytocompatibility and cell bioactivity were evaluated in osteoblasts-like cells (Saos-2) using methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium (MTT), neutral red (NR), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining assays. The data were evaluated using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test or two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test (α=0.05). BD radiopacity was below 3 mm Al and BDZrO2 and BDCaWO4 was above 3 mm... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Kavatzikidou, Paraskevi. "Ceramics and metals processed by selective laser melting (SLM) : biological and physicochemical properties." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479033.
Full textQueiroz, Marcela Borsatto. "Physicochemical and biological properties of tricalcium silicate-based reparative materials with alternative radiopacifiers and Biosilicate /." Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153908.
Full textAbstract: Tricalcium silicate cements associated with radiopacifiers are used as repair materials. Publication 1: Evaluation of tricalcium silicate-based cements (TCS) associated with zirconium oxide (ZrO2), calcium tungstate (CaWO4) or niobium oxide (Nb2O5) radiopacifiers compared to MTA Repair HP (MTA HP). Publication 2: Evaluation of tricalcium silicate-based cements (TCS) associated with zirconium oxide (ZrO2) radiopacifier with 10% or 20% of Biosilicate (TCS ZrO2 + 10% Biosilicate and TCS ZrO2 + 20% Biosilicate) compared to Biodentine. Setting Time (ST) and radiopacity were evaluated based on ISO 6876/2002 standard. Solubility was evaluated according to the method proposed by Carvalho-Júnior et al. (2007) modified. pH was measured at 3, 12 and 24 hours and 7, 14 and 21 days after immersion in distilled water. Cellular cytotoxicity and bioactivity were evaluated by methyltetrazolium (MTT), neutral red (NR), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alizarin red (ARS) and real time PCR (qPCR) (Publication 1) assays in different periods of contact with eluates of the materials in Saos-2 cells. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by direct contact on Enterococcus faecalis in the planktonic form. For the physico-chemical and ARS tests, the data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests; for MTT, NR and ALP tests the data were analyzed by the Two-Way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests; the antibacterial activity, were submitted to Kruskall-Wallis and Dunn tests (α = 0.05). Publication 1: TCS + CaWO4 presented... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumo: Cimentos de silicato tricálcico com radiopacificadores são utilizados como materiais reparadores. Publicação 1: Avaliação de cimento à base de silicato tricálcico (STC) associado aos radiopacificadores óxido de zircônio (ZrO2), tungstato de cálcio (CaWO4) ou óxido de nióbio (Nb2O5) em comparação ao MTA Repair HP (MTA HP). Publicação 2: Avaliação de material à base de silicato tricálcico (STC) e radiopacificador óxido de zircônio (ZrO2) e 10% ou 20% de Biosilicato (STC ZrO2 + 10% de Biosilicato e STC ZrO2 + 20% de Biosilicato) em comparação ao Biodentine. Tempo de presa e a radiopacidade foram avaliados seguindo ISO 6876/2002. A solubilidade foi avaliada de acordo com o método proposto por Carvalho-Júnior et al. (2007) modificado. pH foi avaliado 3, 12 e 24 horas, 7, 14 e 21 dias após imersão em água destilada. A citotoxidade e bioatividade celular foram avaliadas pelos testes metiltetrazólio (MTT), vermelho neutro (VN), atividade de fosfatase alcalina (ALP), ensaio de vermelho de alizarina (ARS) e PCR em tempo real (qPCR) (Publicação1), em diferentes períodos de contato com eluídos dos materiais em células Saos-2. Atividade antimicrobiana dos materiais foi avaliada por meio do teste de contato direto com Enterococcus faecalis na forma planctônica. Para os testes físicoquímicos e ARS, os dados foram submetidos aos testes ANOVA e Tukey; para os ensaios do MTT, VN e ALP e qPCR os dados foram analisados aos testes Two Way ANOVA e Bonferroni; os dados da atividade antimicrobiana f... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Wilds, Christopher James. "Synthesis, physicochemical and biological properties of oligonucleotides containing 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-℗-D-arabinose." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36730.
Full textAll four nucleobase monomers (thymine, cytosine, adenine and guanine) were prepared for solid phase oligonucleotide synthesis, from which homopolymeric and heteropolymeric base sequences were assembled. These molecules bound with very good affinities to both DNA and RNA targets. Structural studies via NMR experiments demonstrated that in a 2'F-ANA/RNA duplex the 2'F-ANA residues adopt an O4' -endo conformation, similar to what has been proposed for the structure of DNA in a DNA/RNA hybrid.
A 2'F-ANA oligopyrimidylate formed a triple-helical complex with duplex DNA and hybrid DNA(Pu):RNA(Py) with an affinity higher than that of a corresponding DNA strand. Also, a cytosine-rich 2' F-ANA strand was found to form a complex at acidic pH which has properties similar to that of i-motif DNA.
Finally, 2'F-ANA strands when hybridized to RNA were found to activate RNase H, an enzyme that is involved in the mechanism of action of antisense drugs. 2'F-ANA is the first example of an antisense analogue that demonstrates improved binding to RNA relative to DNA and still retains the ability to elicit RNase H activity.
Hellmuth, Isabell [Verfasser]. "Functionally modified (Deoxy)Ribonucleotides : synthesis and study of physicochemical and biological properties / Isabell Hellmuth." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1132364590/34.
Full textPinzon-Arango, Paola A. "Investigation of the Biological and Physicochemical Properties of Bacillus anthracis Spores during Germination, Virulence, and Killing." Digital WPI, 2012. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/21.
Full textRuiz, Hernando María. "Effect of ultrasound, low-temperature thermal and alkali treatments on physicochemical and biological properties of waste activated sludge." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/301434.
Full textEl desarrollo de procesos para la reducción o reutilización de los lodos resulta determinante para una apropiada gestión medioambiental. Tratando por separado el lodo activado del primario (y no la mezcla como suele hacerse) se favorece el uso del lodo activado en agricultura tras su digestión, ya que el lodo activado contiene el doble de nutrientes y menor carga contaminante que el primario. No obstante, el lodo activado (también denominado lodo secundario o biológico) es más difícil de deshidratar que el primario, ya que presenta una estructura interna organizada de flóculos unidos por las sustancias poliméricas extracelulares (EPSs, por sus siglas en inglés), las cuales atrapan el agua. En este contexto, la reología, que es la ciencia que estudia las relaciones entre la fuerza y la deformación de los materiales, es una herramienta muy útil para la caracterización de la viscosidad o estructura interna de los lodos. El lodo activado es también más difícil de digerir anaeróbicamente debido a las cadenas de glicanos presentes en las paredes celulares de las bacterias. En resumen, para poder deshidratar y digerir un lodo activado será necesario acondicionarlo previamente mediante tratamientos, con el fin de solubilizar las EPSs y aumentar su biodegradabilidad. Si además el lodo quiere destinarse a agricultura deberá estar higienizado. En esta tesis se ha estudiado el efecto de tres tratamientos (ultrasonido, térmico a baja temperatura y alcalino con NaOH) sobre la reología, deshidratación, higienización y digestión anaerobia de lodos activados. Los tres tratamientos redujeron considerablemente la viscosidad del lodo debido a la solubilización de la las EPSs. Así mismo, la solubilización de la EPSs facilitó la expulsión del agua confinada dentro de los flóculos del lodo, mejorando la deshidratación mediante centrifugación. El tratamiento alcalino con dosis de NaOH elevadas fue el que más EPSs solubilizó, de manera que fue el que permitió extraer más agua y el que más aumentó la producción de metano, además de higienizar el lodo. No obstante, este tratamiento tiene el inconveniente de incrementar la concentración de sodio en el digestor, lo cual podría llegar a inhibir el proceso de digestión. Los ultrasonidos redujeron notablemente la viscosidad, además de mejorar la deshidratación y la digestión del lodo. Sin embargo, este tratamiento no fue capaz de higienizar el lodo. El tratamiento térmico a baja temperatura aumentó muy ligeramente la producción de metano (posiblemente debido al corto tiempo de exposición) y permitió deshidratar e higienizar el lodo.
ElGharib, Mustafa [Verfasser], and Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Parak. "Enhancing the Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Anisotropic Nanoparticles by Rational Surface Engineering / Mustafa ElGharib ; Betreuer: Wolfgang Parak." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1216629463/34.
Full textCable, Colin. "An examination of the effect of surface modifications on the physicochemical and biological properties of non-ionic surfactant vesicles." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1990. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21216.
Full textClemments, Alden Michael. "A Study Of The Physicochemical Properties Of Dense And Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles That Impact Protein Adsorption From Biological Fluids." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/639.
Full textAl, Tafif Abdullah. "PREDICTION OF HUMAN SYSTEMIC, BIOLOGICALLY RELEVANT PHARMACOKINETIC PROPERTIES BASED ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2868.
Full textDomingo, Olwen Charlotte [Verfasser]. "Investigations into the effect of nucleoside modifications on the physicochemical properties and biological function of DNA and RNA / Olwen Charlotte Domingo." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1043939938/34.
Full textAdmire, Brittany. "The Estimation of Biologically and Environmentally Relevant Properties of Organic Compounds." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556008.
Full textCarroll, Hyrum D. "Biologically Relevant Multiple Sequence Alignment." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2623.pdf.
Full textFerreira, Danielly Cunha Araújo. "Formulação à base de Epigalocatequina-3-galato, derivada do chá verde, desenvolvida para uso endodôntico: estudo físico-químico e biológico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58135/tde-14092015-105716/.
Full textThe green tea, obtained from the Camellia sinensis, is one of the most popular drinks in the world and has recently been in the focus of scientific research due its beneficial effects on general health. Laboratory and epidemiological studies suggest that, among the polyphenols found on green tea, the epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most bioactive and responsible for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, bacterial LPS inactivation, anticarcinogenic, anti-tumoral, anti-angiogenic, anti-hypertensive and tissue repair and can act in the prevention and treatment of cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative, liver and kidney diseases. In several bone diseases, EGCG also plays a major protective role, acting in inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and induction of mineralization. However, their possible effects on inflammation and bone resorption associated to apical periodontitis have not been evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a EGCG based formulation for endodontic use with physicochemical and biological properties that allow its use as intracanal dressing between sessions. The formulations tested included: EGCG diluted in water and different concentrations of EGCG (1.25, 5, 10 and 20 mg/ml) diluted in polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG). Zinc oxide was used as radiopacifier agent. Due to the possible degradation of phenolic compounds as a function of the environment and time, a solution obtained through prolonged contact with the tooth EGCG was also evaluated (degradation product). Initially, physicochemical characterization of EGCG formulation was performed by ultraviolet spectrophotometry/Visible (UV/Vis) in contact with solutions containing zinc, zinc oxide and zinc acetate. Biological studies were conducted to evaluate its tissue compatibility with subcutaneous tissue of mice by means of the evaluation of plasma leakage after 24 hours and the examination of macroscopic and microscopic features at 7, 21 and 63 days after insertion of polyethylene tubes containing the formulations. In this study, a calcium hydroxide pastebase (Calen®) was used as control. The macroscopic analysis performed by means of photographs, assigned scores to epithelial ulceration, vascularization, necrosis and edema parameters. Microscopic examination performed in conventional and fluorescence microscopy assessed the inflammatory infiltrate, vascularization, abscesses spots, fibrous capsule, edema and necrosis parameters. The scores of biological results were statistically analyzed by the chisquare test or Fisher\'s exact and for the quantitative analysis of the results of plasma extravasation the analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey\'s post-test were used. The significance level was 5%. The physico-chemical studies showed that EGCG maintained its original wavelength at 274 nm when added to zinc oxide, tending to the formation of an absorption band at 325 nm. The combination of EGCG with zinc acetate led to decreased absorption band at 274 nm and formation of a new band at 323 nm. Biological studies showed, in the macroscopic parameters in all periods, that all formulations showed tissue compatibility, with no epithelial ulceration, presence of mild superficial tissue necrosis, edema and vascularization, with no significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). On microscopic examination, in all periods was verified absence of abscess foci, edema and necrosis and the presence of mild or moderate inflammatory infiltrate, fibrous capsule and neovascularization, similar among all groups (p> 0.05). The evaluation of the specimens stained with HE under fluorescence microscopy enhancve the visualization of the blood vessels and collagen fibers, constituting an additional methodology for this purpose. In the evaluation of plasma extravasation, the product of degradation of ECGG presented values of Evans blue dye extravasation by gram of tissue (0.0514 ± 0.0220 mg / mL) lower to the other tested formulations (p <0.05). It is concluded that the topical formulation based on EGCG developed for endodontic use, presented stable physical and chemical properties and tissue compatibility.
Arruda, Vanilda Aparecida Soares de. "Pólen apícola desidratado: composição físico-química, qualidade microbiologica, compostos fenólicos e flavonoides, capacidade antioxidante e origem botânica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9131/tde-22062015-172352/.
Full textBee pollen, a product of agglutination of flower pollen with nectar and bee salivary substances, has been promoted as a dietary supplement for human because of its nutritional and bioactive properties. Sixty-two samples of dehydrated bee pollen were analyzed for phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant activity using three methods (DPPH, βcarotene and ORAC), botanical composition, commercial quality (moisture, ashes, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates), hygiene (aerobic mesophiles, yeasts and moulds, coliforms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and sulfite-reducing Clostridium), and antimicrobial activity (Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus). The obtained values for total phenolics ranged from 12.60 to 84.22 mg GAE/g bee pollen (GAE: gallic acid equivalents) while for total flavonoids ranged from 1.90 and 36.85 mg quercetin/g bee pollen. The EC50, determined by the DPPH method, ranged from 0.35 to 13.42 mg bee pollen/ml of extract. The bee pollen extracts showed values between 52.58 and 98.37% by β- carotene method. When measured by ORAC, antioxidant activity was between 132.98 and 575.85 µmols eq. trolox/g bee pollen. In the evaluation of commercial quality, the following results were achieved: 3.06% to 8.12% for moisture, 1.94 to 4.61% for ashes, 3.35 to 10.96% for lipids, 17.73 to 34.73% for proteins, from 11.86 to 25.71% and 2.77 to 15.87% for the carbohydrates glucose and fructose respectively. It was verified that the presence of the bee pollen inhibited the growth of all microorganisms studied. Candida albicans was the more resistant and Staphylococcus epidermides the more sensitive. Thirty-three pollen-types were identified mainly Cocos nucifera sp., Mimosa scabrella (Benth.) sp., Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia sp., Eucalyptus sp., Myrcia sp., Asteraceae sp., Poaceae sp., Euphorbiaceae sp. and Brassica sp. that occurred more frequently among the samples studied. It was observed only moderate and weak correlations between the pollen types present and the evaluated parameters for dehydrated samples of bee pollen
Souza, Volnei Brito de. "Aproveitamento dos subprodutos de vinificação da uva Bordô (Vitis labrusca) para obtenção de pigmentos com propriedades funcionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74132/tde-19042013-084817/.
Full textThe aim of this work was to produce powder pigments from grape byproducts of Bordo variety (Vitis labrusca) by spray drying using maltodextrin as carrier agent. The effects of process conditions on some physicochemical properties, stability and biological activity of the product were studied. Ethanol extracts were obtained from grape pomace (skins and seeds) and concentrated to one-third the initial volume. This extract was then mixed with the carrier agent 10 DE maltodextrin at concentrations of 10, 20 or 30% and atomized in a spray dryer, with feed flow rate of 44 mL/min and inlet drying air temperatures of 130, 150 or 170°C a total of nine tests. In addition, a sample of freeze-dried concentrated extract without carrier agent was obtained for comparison. It was evaluated process yield and the samples obtained were initially evaluated for moisture content, anthocyanins retention, hygroscopicity and solubility in water, in order to verify the influence of process conditions on these characteristics. These samples were also evaluated for morphology, particle size distribution and moisture sorption isotherms. All samples (spray-dried powders and freeze-dried extract) were evaluated for instrumental color, infrared spectroscopy, stability during storage, presence of bioactive compounds (phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins) plus antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity and inhibition of Leishmania arginase. Process conditions evaluated (inlet drying air temperature and carrier agent concentration) had a strong influence on the characteristics studied. The moisture content, anthocyanin retention, morphology and particle size of the samples were strongly influenced by drying temperature and carrier agent concentration while the hygroscopicity suffered greater influence of the carrier agent concentration. The concentration of carrier agent also had great influence on the moisture sorption isotherms of the samples. There was no significant interference of the drying process on the chemical composition of the material evidenced by infrared spectroscopy. Regarding the evaluation of stability during storage, it was observed that the samples containing maltodextrin, retained much more anthocyanins and original color when compared with the sample without a carrier or liquid extracts, indicating both, the drying process and the presence of carrier, promoted a protective effect to the compounds and its color. All samples showed high levels of flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins and high levels of antioxidant activity ranging from 314.06 to 441.04 µmolTE/g of extract (dry weight), by DPPH and 993.32 to 1138.68 µmolTE/g of extract (dry weight) by FRAP method. Most samples showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. Moreover, had great ability to inhibit the enzyme arginase of Leishmania with inhibition percentage ranging from 54.60 to 83.43%. The results suggest that the drying process of Bordo grape pomace extracts in a spray dryer with maltodextrin, produced powders with various interesting characteristics such as low hygroscopicity, high solubility and stability, and large biological potential. This shows that this byproduct of wine industry can be used as a natural source of functional ingredients.
Touratier, Christine. "Comportement des protéines sarcoplasmiques de la viande de porc au cours du stockage et du chauffage : relations avec la qualité de la viande." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1992_TOURATIER_C.pdf.
Full textFalcone, Pin Bruno Nicolás. "Physicochemical properties of inhalation drugs." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648175.
Full textSousa, Felipe Domingos de. "Physicochemical properties of plant hemicelluloses." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12378.
Full textIn this work six galactomannans (Adenanthera pavonina, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Delonix regia, Dimorphera mollis, Prosopis glandulosa, Schizolobium parahyba) and three xyloglucans (Hymenaea courbaril, Mucuna sloanei e Tamarindus indica) were isolated from seed endosperm and cotyledon, respectively, by aqueous extraction followed by precipitation with ethanol. Yield of extraction, monosaccharide ratio, macromolecular parameters as well as molar mass distribution were determined and compared to guar gum (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), LBG (Ceratonia siliqua) and xanthan (Xanthomonas campestris). Extraction yield in relation to seed mass ranged from 7.0 to 40.63%, with xyloglucan yields higher than the galactomannans ones. Schizolobium parahyba and Caesalpinia pulcherrima galactomannans presented the lowest protein content of 0.05% e 0.08%, respectively. The Mw values ranged from 0.09 â 3.37 x107 g mol-1 Flow curves of hemicelluloses solutions at 1% (w:v) were measured by varying the shear rate from 0.1 to 100 s-1. The resulting data were fit to the Power law e Herschel-Bulkley models. All the hemicelluloses presented shear-thinning behavior. Galactomannan and xyloglucans with different monosaccharide ratio showed similar consistency index; it may be influenced of the galactose distribution pattern on the chains and the interactions among the polysaccharides molecules. Rheological properties were compared and the results suggest new hemicelluloses sources which offer more profound applications in areas such as materials science, medicine e biology.
As hemiceluloses sÃo polissacarÃdeos presentes na parede celular de vegetais, onde funcionam como polissacarÃdeos de reserva e possuem uma cadeia principal composta por ligaÃÃes β-(1→4) em configuraÃÃo equatorial. Neste trabalho, hemiceluloses de sementes foram avaliadas quanto as suas propriedades reolÃgicas. Como resultado, galactomananas endospÃrmicas de Adenanthera pavonina, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Delonix regia, Dimorphera mollis, Prosopis glandulosa e Schizolobium parahyba e xiloglucanas cotiledonÃrias de Hymenaea courbaril, Mucuna sloanei e Tamarindus indica foram isoladas por extraÃÃo aquosa, seguida por precipitaÃÃo em etanol. O rendimento das extraÃÃes, razÃo monossacarÃdica, parÃmetros macromoleculares, assim como distribuiÃÃo de massa molar foram determinados e comparados Ãs jà comercializadas goma guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), LBG (Ceratonia siliqua) e goma xantana (Xanthomonas campestris). O rendimento das extraÃÃes em relaÃÃo à massa das sementes mostrou um intervalo de 7,0 a 40,63%, com os maiores valores para as xiloglucanas. Galactomananas de Schizolobium parahyba e Caesalpinia pulcherrima apresentaram os menores percentuais de proteÃnas, 0,05% e 0,08%, respectivamente. Valores de Mw variaram dentro de um intervalo entre 0,09 â 3,37 x107 g mol-1. Curvas de fluxo das soluÃÃes de hemiceluloses a 1% (m:v) foram obtidas pela variaÃÃo da taxa de cisalhamento entre 0,1 a 100 s-1. Os dados obtidos foram analisados pelos modelos de Lei das PotÃncias e Hershel-Bulkley demonstrando carÃter pseudoplÃstico para todas as hemiceluloses estudadas nessa concentraÃÃo. Galactomananas e xiloglucanas com diferentes razÃes monossacarÃdicas apresentaram Ãndice de consistÃncia similar, provavelmente influenciado pelo padrÃo de distribuiÃÃo de galactose nas cadeias e as interaÃÃes entre as molÃculas desses polissacarÃdeos. As propriedades reolÃgicas foram comparadas e os resultados sugerem novas fontes de hemiceluloses que permitem mais aplicaÃÃes em Ãreas como ciÃncia dos materiais, medicina e biologia.
Lansita, Janice A. (Janice Ann) 1975. "Physicochemical characterization of immortal strand DNA." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/18038.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references.
Adult tissue differentiation involves the generation of distinct cell types from adult stem cells (ASCs). Current understanding of tissue differentiation mechanisms is based on studies of protein and RNAs that asymmetrically segregate between daughter cells during embryogenesis. Whether or not other types of biomolecules segregate asymmetrically has not been widely studied. In 1975, John Cairns proposed that ASCs preferentially segregate the oldest parental template DNA strands to themselves and pass on newly replicated DNA strands to their differentiating progeny in order to protect the stem cell from inheriting DNA replication mutations. This laboratory has shown non-random chromosome segregation in murine fetal fibroblasts that model asymmetric self-renewal like ASCs. In these cells, chromosomes that contain the oldest DNA strands co-segregate to the cycling daughter stem-like cells, while chromosomes with more recently replicated DNA segregate to the non-stem cell daughters. Previously, cytological methods were reported to elucidate non-random segregation in these cells. This dissertation research provides additional confirmation of the mechanism using physicochemical methods. Specifically, buoyant density-shift experiments in equilibrium CsCl density gradients were used to detect co-segregated "immortal DNA strands" based on incorporation of the thymidine base analogue bromodeoxyuridine. In addition, DNA from cells undergoing non-random mitotic chromosome segregation was analyzed for unique DNA base modifications and global structural modifications (by HPLC and melting temperature analyses). To date, these studies show no significant differences compared to control randomly segregated DNA. Components of the mitotic chromosome separation
(cont.) apparatus that might play a role in the co-segregation mechanism were also evaluated. Two homologous proteins, essential for proper chromosome segregation and cytokinesis, Aurora A kinase and Aurora B kinase, were highly reduced in expression in cells retaining immortal DNA strands and may indicate a role for them in the immortal strand mechanism. These studies independently confirm the immortal strand mechanism and provide methods for its detection in other cell lines. In addition, observed changes in chromosome segregation proteins that are potential candidates for involvement in the mechanism have revealed a new area of investigation in the laboratory. These findings are relevant to understanding normal tissue development, cancer, and aging.
y Janice A. Lansita.
Ph.D.
Wangsa-Wirawan, Norbertus Djajasantosa. "Physicochemical properties of protein inclusion bodies." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw2465.pdf.
Full textABBAS, IBRAHIM RASHEED. "PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TEPARY BEAN STARCH." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183997.
Full textPathomrungsiyounggul, Pattavara. "Physicochemical Properties of Calcium-fortified soymilk." Thesis, University of Reading, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518215.
Full textMorimoto, Daichi. "Novel physicochemical properties of polyubiquitin chains." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199328.
Full textChandrashekhar, Mangesh. "Biological and physicochemical studies on polymer-DNA delivery systems." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395573.
Full textGorgone, Christine Ann. "Physicochemical and biological treatability study of textile dye wastewater." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05022009-040707/.
Full textNilsson, Johanna. "CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN MATERIALS COMPRISING MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE : CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES IN MATERIALS COMPRISING MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185526.
Full textGe, R. "Measurement of Physicochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527700.
Full textMacLaughlin, Fiona Caroline. "DNA delivery : physicochemical properties of DNA:polycation complexes." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338437.
Full textBadruddin, Ahmad Fasihuddin. "Physicochemical characterisation and properties of sago starch." Thesis, University of Salford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265740.
Full textKaiser, Achim. "Physicochemical Properties and Synthesis of Oligothiophene Macrocycles." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-64614.
Full textZhang, Yue. "The Physicochemical Properties of Secondary Organic Materials." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467502.
Full textEngineering and Applied Sciences - Engineering Sciences
Kubota, Keigo. "Physicochemical properties of alkali perfluoroalkylsulfonylamides and fluorosulfonylamides." Kyoto University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/120412.
Full textBlake, S. M. "Physicochemical studies on sodium hyaluronate." Thesis, University of Salford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381670.
Full text張志田 and Zhitian Zhang. "Nutritional quality and starch physicochemical properties in sweetpotato." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31242728.
Full textZhang, Zhitian. "Nutritional quality and starch physicochemical properties in sweetpotato." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23241950.
Full textChung, Henry E. (Henry Edmund). "Physicochemical properties of the alligator lizard tectorial membrane." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39362.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 44-46).
by Henry E. Chung.
M.Eng.
Bureekaew, Sareeya. "Studies on Physicochemical Properties of Porous Coordination Polymers." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/88045.
Full text0048
新制・課程博士
博士(工学)
甲第15007号
工博第3181号
新制||工||1478(附属図書館)
27457
UT51-2009-R731
京都大学大学院工学研究科合成・生物化学専攻
(主査)教授 北川 進, 教授 杉野目 道紀, 教授 濵地 格
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Chen, Yu-Lin. "Prediction of physicochemical properties for Fe3+ chelating agents." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/prediction-of-physicochemical-properties-for-fe3-chelating-agents(42cafffb-3121-42be-a1e1-d11df51eb62a).html.
Full textRogerson, Alan. "A physicochemical and biological evaluation of non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes)." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317985.
Full textOpdycke, Mary Ellen. "Physicochemical and biological treatment of a textile dyeing and finishing wastewater." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01312009-063352/.
Full textКарпенко, Ілона Василівна. "Біотехнологія рамноліпідних поверхнево-активних продуктів штаму pseudomonas sp. PS-17 та їх застосування для олійних рослин." Thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2017. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/19098.
Full textThe dissertation thesis is devoted to the development of the biotechnology of microbial synthesis of the surface-active substances by the strain Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 and their application in cultivation of oil-bearing plants. The effectiveness of the application of cost-beneficial substrates (used frying oil and waste from production of sunflower oil – phosphatide concentrate) was established for the synthesis of rhamnolipid surfactants by the strain Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 when applied alone and in combination with glycerol. It was shown that the use of combined substrates contributed to the increased yields of rhamnolipids if compared to the media with monosubstrates. When using a mixture of glycerol and used frying oil or phosphatide concentrate as carbon sources the final concentration of rhamnolipids can be increased on 18-39 %. The developed approaches of the synthesis of rhamnolipid surfactants will enable the decrease of the overall cost of biosurfactant production if compared with the cost of the production on glycerol alone. The processes of rhamnolipid surfactant separation were optimized: enzymatic hydrolysis (using protease C enzyme) of post-fermentative culture liquid, precipitation of rhamnolipid biocomplex (RBC) from culture liquid supernatant (CLS) by adjusting temperature regime. Economically viable forms of targeted products based on exo- and endomethabolites of Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 and methods of their isolation were proposed. Optimum solvents for the extraction of rhamnolipids from CLS were determined using the method of linear multiparameter equations. Physico-chemical and biological properties of the products based on surfactants of Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 were established: surface activity, emulsification of hydrophobic substances, wetting of surfaces, the influence on the permeability of cell membranes of microorganisms and plants, the activity of surfactants on the major groups of phytohormones (auxins, cytokinins, gibereline acid). The antimicrobial activity of surfactants against phytopathogen microorganisms was shown, and highly effective formulations of rhamnolipid surfactant with ethylthiosulfonate-biocide were designed. A stimulating action of the synthesized rhamnolipid surfactants on the growth of oil-bearing plants was established. It was shown that the effect of the biosurfactants on microorganisms and plants via the changes in their physiological and biochemical characteristics (growth rate, cell membrane permeability, activity of enzymes and phytohormones). The possibility of application of the obtained biosurfactants in agriculture as plant growth regulators was established. The effectiveness of the developed biosurfactants in growing sunflower was confirmed by a small plot experiments, as well as in the field experiment. It was shown that rhamnolipid surfactants promote growth and quality of the crops (the mass of 1000 seeds, flower diameter, fat and protein content in the seeds). The process flow and equipment diagrams of industrial production of rhamnolipid surfactants of Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 using a vortex bioreactor were developed, 5 forms of rhamnolipid products for practical use in cropping were obtained.
Диссертация посвящена разработке технологии синтеза поверхностно-активных веществ штаммом Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 и их применению для выращивания масличных растений. Установлена эффективность использования экономически выгодных субстратов (фуза масляного, пережаренного масла), их смесей с глицерином, дробного способа их подачи для синтеза рамнолипидных ПАВ, выход увеличен на 18-39% относительно глицерина как моносубстрата. Усовершенствованы способы выделения рамнолипидных ПАВ, получены экономически выгодные продукты. Методом линейных многопараметровых уравнений найдены оптимальные экстрагенты рамнолипидов из СКЖ. Разработанные ПАВ имеют высокую поверхностную (28,3 мН/м), эмульгирующую (индекс Е24 60-80%), смачивающую активность, влияют на проницаемость клеточных мембран микроорганизмов, растений, усиливают действие биоцидов, фитогормонов. Показано стимулирующее действие полученных ПАВ на рост масличных растений, их физиолого-биохимических показателей. Эффективность рамнолипидных ПАВ при выращивании подсолнечника установлена в мелкоучастковых, производственных опытах: значительно увеличены ростовые показатели, а также качество урожая. Разработана технологическая и аппаратурно-технологическая схемы промышленного производства рамнолипидных ПАВ Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 для получения 5 форм продуктов для практического применения в растениеводстве.
Acharya, Sandipta. "Some Aspects of Physicochemical Properties of DNA and RNA." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6741.
Full textThis thesis is based on nine research publications (I – IX) on structure and reactivity of RNA vis-à-vis DNA. The DNA and RNA are made of flexible pentose sugar units, polyelectrolytic phosphodiester backbone, and heterocyclic nucleobases. DNA stores our genetic code, whereas RNA is involved both in protein biosynthesis and catalysis. Various ligand-binding and recognition properties of DNA/RNA are mediated through inter- and intra-molecular H-bonding and stacking interactions, beside hydration, van der Waal and London dispersion forces. In this work the pH dependant chemical shift, pKa values of 2'-OH group as well as those the nucleobases in different sequence context, alkaline hydrolysis of the internucleotidic phosphodiester bonds and analysis of NOESY footprints along with NMR constrained molecular dynamics simulation were used as tools to explore and understand the physico-chemical behavior of various nucleic acid sequences, and the forces involved in their self-assembly process. Papers I – II showed that the ionization of 2'-OH group is nucleobase-dependant. Paper III showed that the chemical characters of internucleotidic phosphate are non-identical in RNA compared to that of DNA. Papers IV – VI show that variable intramolecular electrostatic interactions between electronically coupled nearest neighbor nucleobases in a ssRNA can modulate their respective pseudoaromatic character, and result in creation of a unique set of aglycons with unique properties depending on propensity and geometry of nearest neighbor interaction. Paper VII showed that the cross-modulation of the pseudoaromatic character of nucleobases by the nearest neighbor is sequence-dependant in nature in oligonucleotides. Paper VIII showed that the purine-rich hexameric ssDNA and ssRNA retain the right-handed helical structure (B-type in ssDNA and A-type in ssRNA) in the single-stranded form even in absence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The directionality of stacking geometry however differs in ssDNA compared to ssRNA. In ssDNA the relatively electron-rich imidazole stacks above the electron-deficient pyrimidine in the 5' to 3' direction, in contradistinction, the pyrimidine stacks above the imidazole in the 5' to 3' direction in ssRNA. Paper IX showed that the pKa values of the nucleobases in monomeric nucleotides can be used to show that a RNA-RNA duplex is more stable than a DNA-DNA duplex. The dissection of the relative strength of base-pairing and stacking showed that the relative contribution of former compared to that of the latter in an RNA-RNA over the corresponding DNA-DNA duplexes decreases with the increasing content of A-T/U base pairs in a sequence.
Mhd, Sarbon Norizah. "Nutritional and physicochemical properties of chicken proteins and peptides." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2011. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/804305/.
Full textMalcolmson, Carole A. "The physicochemical properties of nonionic oil-in-water microemulsions." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1992. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-physicochemical-properties-of-nonionic-oilinwater-microemulsions(4315649d-d2d1-497d-9a76-05bc06f7f9a1).html.
Full textROCHA, RENATO MOUTINHO DA. "INFLUENCE OF SYNTHESIS CONDITIONS ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SNO2." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=7368@1.
Full textResultados de testes preliminares para a reação de obtenção de formaldeído a partir de metóxi metano (DME) utilizando um catalisador Mo/SnO2 indicaram a necessidade de sistemas altamente ativos. Considerando-se que espécies dispersas de Mo parecem ser as mais efetivas para essa reação, e que a obtenção dessas espécies deve ser favorecida com o uso de um suporte de elevada área específica, estudou-se, neste trabalho, a influência dos parâmetros de síntese nas propriedades fisico-químicas do SnO2 preparado a partir de três diferentes métodos: a partir do ataque de Sn0 com HNO3, a partir da reação entre Sn+4 e NH4OH, e a partir da reação entre Sn+4 e dodecilamina. Foram realizadas alterações na forma de mistura das soluções, no tempo e na temperatura de reação, e na razão de aquecimento durante a calcinação. As amostras obtidas foram caracterizadas por adsorção de N2 para medições de área específica e distribuição de tamanho de poros, difração de raios-X e espectroscopia de reflectância difusa na região do UV-visível. Os resultados mostraram que todas as amostras obtidas são mesoporosas, embora apresentem diferentes valores de área específica, de tamanho de cristal, e de diferença de energia entre os orbitais HOMO-LUMO. Dentre os métodos estudados, o que partiu da reação entre Sn+4 e NH4OH apresentou maior sensibilidade às alterações realizadas, e as amostras assim obtidas apresentaram maiores valores de área específica; por outro lado, as amostras obtidas a partir do ataque de Sn0 com HNO3 não apresentaram variações texturais e estruturais significativas. Os resultados indicam ainda que, dentre os parâmetros alterados, a temperatura e o tempo da reação parecem ser os mais importantes.
Preliminary tests on the reaction for formaldehyde production from metoxi methane (DME) using a Mo/SnO2 catalyst have indicated the necessity of highly active systems. Dispersed species of Mo seem to be the most effective for this reaction which may be favored by the use of a support of high specific area. Therefore the influence of the synthesis parameters on the physicochemical properties of the SnO2 has been studied in this work. This oxide has been prepared by three different methods: by the oxidation of Sn0 using HNO3, by the reaction of Sn+4 with NH4OH, and by the reaction of Sn+4 with dodecylamine. Variations on the way of mixing the solutions, on the time and the temperature of the reaction, and on the heating rate of the calcinations step have been carried out. These samples have been characterized by N2 adsorption for measurements of specific area and pore size distributions, X-ray diffraction and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The results have shown that all samples are mesoporous even though they have exhibited distinct values of specific area, crystal size and HOMO-LUMO gap energy. The reaction of Sn+4 with NH4OH has presented the greatest sensitivity to the synthesis parameters, and it has provided samples with the highest specific area values. However the samples prepared by the oxidation of Sn0 using HNO3 have not been influenced. The results have also indicated that the temperature and the reaction time seem to be the most important parameters.
Godber, Benjamin L. J. "Physicochemical and kinetic properties of human milk xanthine oxidoreductase." Thesis, University of Bath, 1998. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760718.
Full textTakigawa, Toshikazu. "CRITICAL BEHAVIOR AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF HYDROPHILIC POLYMER GELS." Kyoto University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/77859.
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