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Academic literature on the topic 'Physicians (General practice) Supply and demand Australia'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Physicians (General practice) Supply and demand Australia"

1

McRae, Ian S., and Francesco Paolucci. "The global financial crisis and Australian general practice." Australian Health Review 35, no. 1 (2011): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah09830.

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Objective. To explore the potential effects of the global financial crisis (GFC) on the market for general practitioner (GP) services in Australia. Design. We estimate the impact of changes in unemployment rates on demand for GP services and the impact of lost asset values on GP retirement plans and work patterns. Combining these supply and demand effects, we estimate the potential effect of the GFC on the market for GP services under various scenarios. Results. If deferral of retirement increases GP availability by 2%, and historic trends to reduce GP working hours are halved, at the current level of ~5.2% unemployment average fees would decline by $0.23 per GP consultation and volumes of GP services would rise by 2.53% with almost no change in average GP gross earnings over what would otherwise have occurred. With 8.5% unemployment, as initially predicted by Treasury, GP fees would increase by $0.91 and GP income by nearly 3%. Conclusions. The GFC is likely to increase activity in the GP market and potentially to reduce fee levels relative to the pre-GFC trends. Net effects on average GP incomes are likely to be small at current unemployment levels. What is known about the topic? Although the broad directions of the impact of the global financial crisis on the demand for and supply of GP services have been the subject of public discussion, the overall impact on the GP market has not been formally assessed. What does this paper add? Drawing on existing supply and demand models, we estimate the likely effect of the global financial crisis on GP activity levels, GP earnings, and the fees to be faced by patients. What are the implications for practitioners? Practitioners on average are likely to work harder to recover losses in the investments they have made for their retirements. They may face lower fees than would have been the case due to the increasing supply of GPs as some defer retirement, but average incomes are likely to be minimally affected.
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Zaresani, Arezou, and Anthony Scott. "Does digital health technology improve physicians’ job satisfaction and work–life balance? A cross-sectional national survey and regression analysis using an instrumental variable." BMJ Open 10, no. 12 (December 2020): e041690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041690.

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ObjectivesTo examine the association between physicians’ use of digital health technology and their job satisfaction and work–life balance.DesignA cross-sectional nationally representative survey of physicians and probit regression models were used to examine the association between using digital health technology and the probability of reporting high job satisfaction and a good work–life balance. Models included a rich set of covariates, including physicians’ personality traits, and instrumental variable analysis was used to control for bias from unobservable confounders and reverse causality.SettingClinical practice settings in Australia, including physicians working in primary care, hospitals, outpatient settings, and physicians working in the public and private sectors.ParticipantsRespondents to wave 11 (2018–2019) of the Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life (MABEL) longitudinal survey of doctors. The analysis sample included a broadly nationally representative sample of 7043 physicians, including general practitioners, specialists and physicians in training.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe proportion of respondents who used any digital health technology; proportion answered ‘moderately satisfied’ or ‘very satisfied’ to the statement on job satisfaction: ‘Taking everything into account, how do you feel about your work’; proportion agreeing or strongly agreeing to the statement on work–life balance: ‘The balance between my personal and professional commitments is about right.’ResultsPhysicians with positive beliefs about the effectiveness of using digital health technology were 3.8 percentage points (95% CI 2.7 to 5.0) more likely to use digital health technology compared with those who did not. Physicians with colleagues who already used digital health technology were also 4.1 percentage points (95% CI 2.6 to 5.6) more likely to use digital health technology. The availability of IT support and lack of privacy concerns increased the probability of using digital health technology by 1.6 percentage points (95% CI 1.0 to 2.3) and 0.5 percentage points (95% CI 0.1 to 1.0). Physicians who used digital health technology were 14.2 percentage points (95% CI −1.3 to 29.7) and 20.3 percentage points (95% CI 2.4 to 38.1) more likely to report respectively higher job satisfaction and good work–life balance, compared with the physicians who did not use it.ConclusionsFindings suggested digital health technology served more as a work resource than work demand for physicians who used it.
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Virk, Amrit, Mohamed Bella Jalloh, Songor Koedoyoma, Isaac O. Smalle, William Bolton, J. A. Scott, Julia Brown, David Jayne, Tim Ensor, and Rebecca King. "What factors shape surgical access in West Africa? A qualitative study exploring patient and provider experiences of managing injuries in Sierra Leone." BMJ Open 11, no. 3 (March 2021): e042402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042402.

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IntroductionSurgical access is central to universalising health coverage, yet 5 billion people lack timely access to safe surgical services. Surgical need is particularly acute in post conflict settings like Sierra Leone. There is limited understanding of the barriers and opportunities at the service delivery and community levels. Focusing on fractures and wound care which constitute an enormous disease burden in Sierra Leone as a proxy for general surgical need, we examine provider and patient perceived factors impeding or facilitating surgical care in the post-Ebola context of a weakened health system.MethodsAcross Western Area Urban (Freetown), Bo and Tonkolili districts, 60 participants were involved in 38 semistructured interviews and 22 participants in 5 focus group discussions. Respondents included surgical providers, district-level policy-makers, traditional healers and patients. Data were thematically analysed, combining deductive and inductive techniques to generate codes.ResultsInteracting demand-side and supply-side issues affected user access to surgical services. On the demand side, high cost of care at medical facilities combined with the affordability and convenient mode of payment to the traditional health practitioners hindered access to the medical facilities. On the supply side, capacity shortages and staff motivation were challenges at facilities. Problems were compounded by patients’ delaying care mainly spurred by sociocultural beliefs in traditional practice and economic factors, thereby impeding early intervention for patients with surgical need. In the absence of formal support services, the onus of first aid and frontline trauma care is borne by lay citizens.ConclusionWithin a resource-constrained context, supply-side strengthening need accompanying by demand-side measures involving community and traditional actors. On the supply side, non-specialists could be effectively utilised in surgical delivery. Existing human resource capacity can be enhanced through better incentives for non-physicians. Traditional provider networks can be deployed for community outreach. Developing a lay responder system for first-aid and front-line support could be a useful mechanism for prompt clinical intervention.
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McCabe, Mary S., and Todd Alan Pickard. "Planning for the Future: The Role of Nurse Practitioners and Physician Assistants in Survivorship Care." American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book, no. 32 (June 2012): e56-e61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14694/edbook_am.2012.32.107.

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Overview: The number of cancer survivors in the United States now approaches 12 million individuals, with an estimated 7.2% of the general population aged 18 years or older reporting a previous cancer diagnosis. These figures highlight a number of questions about the care of survivors—how patients at risk for a known set of health problems should be followed, by whom, and for how long. At the same time that oncologists are developing strategies to provide services to this growing population, there are economic and systems challenges that have relevance to the previous questions, including a predicted national shortage of physicians to provide oncology services. Nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) have been identified as members of the health care team who can help reduce the oncology supply and demand gap in a number of ways. The ASCO Study of Collaborative Practice Arrangements (SCPA) in 2011 concluded that oncology patients were aware and satisfied when their care was provided by NPs and PAs; there was an increase in productivity in practices that utilized NPs and PAs; utilizing the full scope of practice of NPs and PAs was financially advantageous; and, physicians, NPs, and PAs are highly satisfied with their collaborative practices. Increasingly, the oncology and health policy literature contains evidence supporting innovative provider models. There is still much work to be done to move beyond pilot data to establish the true value of these models.
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Scott, Theresa L., Jacki Liddle, Nancy A. Pachana, Elizabeth Beattie, and Geoffrey Mitchell. "THE ROAD TO ACCEPTANCE OF DRIVER RETIREMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA: PHYSICIANS’ AND PATIENTS’ PERSPECTIVES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.430.

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Abstract People living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) must eventually stop driving. While some will voluntarily retire, many others will continue to drive until a crisis. In Australia, like many other countries, general physicians/practitioners (“GPs”) play a key role in monitoring driving safety and driver retirement with their patients with ADRD. Advising patients about driving cessation is one of the most challenging aspects of clinical dementia care, complicated by limited time in consultations, lack of patient awareness and insight, and objective screening and assessment measures. We examined how to support best practice in relation to management of driving cessation with patients with ADRD through focus groups with 29 GPs and contrasted their perspectives with those of 11 retired drivers with ADRD. Focus groups and interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed. Themes discovered highlighted the importance of providing education about the effects of dementia on safe driving and incorporating regular assessment of driving safety into the care continuum. Key strategies that GPs successfully employed included acknowledging loss and encouraging continued community engagement, providing referral pathways, and deferring to other GPs within the practice in challenging circumstances. In conclusion, there is demand for an overhaul of the current system of management and a need to establish nationally aligned, standardized and evidence-based guidelines, in particular relating to assessment of safe driving. In the meantime, we can learn from these GPs who have implemented particular strategies that mitigate some of the challenges and complex driving related issues that present in primary care.
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DAS, VEENA, and RANENDRA K. DAS. "URBAN HEALTH AND PHARMACEUTICAL CONSUMPTION IN DELHI, INDIA." Journal of Biosocial Science 38, no. 1 (November 3, 2005): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193200500091x.

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This paper interrogates the routine and unproblematic use of terms such as ‘self-medication’ in biomedical and anthropological discourse. A typical depiction of the social factors that explain the practice of ‘self-medication’ in India is to put together the supply side factors (such as protection offered by the government for the production of generic drugs, especially in the small scale sector, and expansion of the number of drug store outlets), with the increasing demand for allopathic drugs. The paper provides an ethnographic account of the intricate connections between households and biomedical practitioners in urban neighbourhoods in Delhi. It breaks away from the conventional opposition drawn between the practices of physicians and the beliefs of their patients, and suggests that what constitutes the medical environments of these neighbourhoods is the product of medical practices, household economies and concepts of disease. Thus pharmaceutical use is determined as much by practices of dispensation and by how practitioners understand what constitutes therapy as by household understanding of the normal and the pathological. This paper uses both quantitative data and narrative interviews to provide an in-depth understanding of the circulation of pharmaceuticals within the life worlds of the urban poor.
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Averbeck, Heiner, David Litaker, and Joachim E. Fischer. "Expanding the role of non-physician medical staff in primary care in Germany: protocol for a mixed-methods study exploring the perspectives of physicians in rural practices." BMJ Open 12, no. 7 (July 2022): e064081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064081.

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IntroductionPrimary care faces substantial challenges worldwide through an increasing mismatch in supply and demand, particularly in rural areas. One option to address this mismatch might be increasing efficiency by delegation of tasks to non-physician medical staff. Possible influencing factors, motives and beliefs regarding delegation to non-physician medical staff and the potential of an expanded role, as perceived by primary care physicians, however, remain unclear. The aim of this study is to assess these factors to guide development of potential interventions for expanding the role of non-physician medical staff in delivering primary care services in rural Germany.Methods and analysisThis mixed-methods study based on the theoretical domains framework (TDF) consists of survey and interviews conducted sequentially. The survey, to be sent to all primary care physicians active in rural Baden-Wuerttemberg (estimated n=1250), includes 37 items: 15 assessing personal and practice characteristics, 15 matching TDF domains and 7 assessing opportunities for delegation. The interview, to be performed in a subsample (estimated n=12–20), will be informed by results of the survey. The initial interview guide consists of 11 questions covering additional TDF domains. Perspectives towards delegation will be maximised by comparing data emerging in either part of the study, seeking confirmation, disagreement or further details.Ethics and disseminationThe Ethics Committee of Heidelberg University approved this study (approval number: 2021–530). Written informed consent will be obtained before each interview; consent for participation in the survey will be assumed when the survey has been returned. Results will be disseminated via publications in peer-reviewed journals and talks at conferences. By combining quantitative and qualitative methods, our results will support future research for crafting potential interventions to expand the role of non-physician medical staff in rural primary care.
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Udwadia, Farhad R., and Judy Illes. "An Ethicolegal Analysis of Involuntary Treatment for Opioid Use Disorders." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 48, no. 4 (2020): 735–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110520979383.

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Supply-side interventions such as prescription drug monitoring programs, “pill mill” laws, and dispensing limits have done little to quell the burgeoning opioid crisis. An increasingly popular demand-side alternative to these measures – now adopted by 38 jurisdictions in the USA and 7 provinces in Canada — is court-mandated involuntary commitment and treatment. In Massachusetts, for example, Part I, Chapter 123, Section 35 of the state's General Laws allows physicians, spouses, relatives, and police officers to petition a court to involuntarily commit and treat a person whose alcohol or drug abuse poses a likelihood of serious harm. This paper explores the ethical underpinnings of this law as a case study for others. First, we highlight the procedural and substantive standards of Section 35 and evaluate the application of the law in practice, including the frequency with which it has been invoked and outcomes. We then use this background to inform an ethical critique of the law. Specifically, we argue that the infringement of autonomy and privacy associated with involuntary intervention under Section 35 is not currently justified on the grounds of a lack of evidenced benefits and a risk of significant of harm. Further ethical concerns also arise from a lack of standard of care provided under the Section 35 pathway. Based on this analysis, we advance four recommendations for change to mitigate these ethical shortcomings.
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Malcolmson, Don. "The Patient's Right to Know." Journal of Medical Regulation 101, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30770/2572-1852-101.3.32.

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Patient's expectations have changed from being an acceptor of doctors' orders to being an active partner in a therapeutic relationship. In Australia, General Practitioners (GPs) are the “gatekeepers” for specialists' referrals. The Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA) maintains an online searchable register of doctors. Details displayed include registration conditions, undertakings and reprimands. Doctors who practice privately in Australia are regarded as carrying on a business covered by consumer protection legislation. Australian Consumer Law (ACL) prohibits false or misleading representations in connection with the supply of goods or services. Under the ACL, a GP's conduct is misleading if representations about the specialist are inaccurate, or the overall impression conveyed is likely to mislead the patient. Many patients lack the time, energy or desire to seek out registration details of specialists, and rely on GP advice. A key issue for GPs is knowledge of any specialists' registration conditions: Is there a duty on a referring practitioner to check and advise the patient of any conditions? Is there a duty on the regulating body to advise practitioners of specialists whose registration is restricted? Even though disclosure may cause distress to the practitioner, this does not mean that disclosure would be unfair. Rather, the relevant question is whether there is a legitimate public safety interest in disclosure. A balance should be struck between the rights of the individual practitioners and the public expectation of safety, competency and currency. This paper suggests that consumer laws could be used strike this balance, requiring referring physicians to inform patients about the regulatory status of the physician to whom they are being referred.
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Anderson, G. C., I. R. P. Fillery, P. J. Dolling, and S. Asseng. "Nitrogen and water flows under pasture - wheat and lupin - wheat rotations in deep sands in Western Australia. 1. Nitrogen fixation in legumes, net N mineralisation,and utilisation of soil-derived nitrogen." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 49, no. 3 (1998): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a97141.

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Detailed studies on the eciency with which pastures and crops use soil-derived nitrogen (N) in southern Australia are limited. Inefficiencies in the N cycle are indicated by wide spread soilacidification and low N status in wheat grain. The aims of this study were to document rates of N2 fixation by subterranean clover-based pastures and narrow-leaf lupin, plant uptake of soil-derived N, mineralisation of organic N during legume and cereal phases, and export of N from pastures, lupin,and wheat in relation to climate and soil water. These measurements were undertaken in a rotation experiment conducted on a deep sand located in the northern wheat belt of Western Australia at a site with a long-term average rainfall of 460 mm. The rotations examined over 3 years were 2 years pasture-wheat and lupin-wheat. The 15N natural abundance technique was used to differentiate soil-derived N from atmospheric Nin legumes. Biomass production, grain yields, and N contents were standard plant measurements in all treatments. Net N mineralisation between growing seasons was as certained by measuring changes in soil inorganic N to 1·5 m. Growing season net N mineralisation was determined using an in situ method in which soil cores were isolated from plant roots. Anion exchange resin was used to trap NO-3 leached below the depth of the soil cores. Nitrogen fixation by subterranean clover in a mixed pasture ranged from 29 to 162 kg N/ha whereas N2 fixation by lupins was less variable, ranging from 90 to 151 kg N/ha. Pastures were large consumers of soil-derived N (range 58-154 kg N/ha), with capeweed being the most important sink (range 38-120 kg N/ha). In comparison, wheat and lupins were inefficient users of soil N, removing 29-51 kg N/ha within a season. Another 31-67 kg N/ha of inorganic N in soil was not utilised by wheat or lupin. Annual net N mineralisation ranged from 80 to 130 kg N, confirming the high rate of decomposition of organic matter in the sandy soil. Mineralisation over summer and autumn, when crop and pastures were not grown, supplied ~25% of the inorganic N produced in soil profiles in 1995 and 20-40% in1996. The study indicated that legumes used in rotations with cereals on deep sands were able to add adequate organic N to soil to insure rates of net N mineralisation sufficient to support cereal yieldsin excess of current shire averages. However, in practice, the asynchrony in supply and demand for N resulted in the inefficient use of soil-derived N by wheat.
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Books on the topic "Physicians (General practice) Supply and demand Australia"

1

New York (State). Governor's Health Care Advisory Board. Committee on Quality and Regulation. Policy paper on practitioner supply: Recommendations and initiatives to improve the supply and maldistribution of primary care physicians. Albany, NY: The Board, 1993.

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California. Legislature. Assembly. Subcommittee on Health Personnel. Interim hearing on "strategies to enhance the supply and distribution of primary care physicians in California": October 20, 1992, State Building Auditorium, Los Angeles. Sacramento, CA: The Subcommittee, 1992.

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Leese, Brenda. Disappearing GPs: Is there a crisis in recruitment and retention of general practioners in England? Manchester: National Primary Care Research and Development Centre, 1999.

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Ruth, Young, and National Primary Care Research and Development Centre., eds. Disappearing GPs: Is there a crisis in recruitment and retention of general practioners in England? Manchester: National Primary Care Research and Development Centre, 1999.

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Services, Alaska Department of Health and Social. Practice sights: State primary care development strategies, state of Alaska. Juneau, Alaska]: State of Alaska, Dept. of Health and Social Services, 1992.

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New York (State). Legislature. Assembly. Committee on Health. Public hearing, developing a primary care agenda. [New York]: En-De Reporting Services, 2007.

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New York (State). Legislature. Assembly. Committee on Health. Public hearing, developing a primary care agenda. [New York]: Associated Reporters Int'l., Inc., 2007.

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Forum, Australian College of Rural and Remote Medicine Scientific. Rural medicine: Integration-working together for rural medicine : proceedings of the ACRRM Scientific Forum, held jointly with the RWAV Victorian Rural General Practice Conference. Melbourne, Vic: Australian College of Rural & Remote Medicine, 2002.

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Health, Texas Dept of. Physician work force strategy for Texas: A report to the Subcommittees on Health and Human Services and Education of the House Appropriations Committee. [Austin, Tex: The Department, 1995.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Medical education and the supply of health professionals: Hearing before the Committee on Finance, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, second session, March 8, 1994. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1995.

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