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Journal articles on the topic 'Physical pre-treatment'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Shakir, Mohammad Aliff, Mohd Firdaus Yhaya, and Mardiana Idayu Ahmad. "Physical Effects of Pre-Hydrolysis and Alkali Treatment of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Fibers." International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications 8, no. 6 (December 2017): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2017.8.6.689.

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2

Smith, E., M. Bayan, and M. Daniels. "Optimum physical-chemical pre-treatment of copper damascene wastewater." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 10 (May 1, 2003): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0541.

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Chemical and mechanical polishing (CMP) of copper damascene circuits will typically produce copper levels in excess of regulatory limits in wastewater with a unique process chemistry, including high solids. Physical-chemical methods were investigated to determine the optimum treatment depending upon pre-treatment and/or water reuse requirements. Jar test studies revealed that an alum dose of 150-200 mg/L together with anionic polymer aid provided a good removal of turbidity. If the treatment objective is simply solids and copper reduction for discharge to a sewer system, then solids removal can be combined with precipitation of copper hydroxide for relatively inexpensive pre-treatment. The presence of peroxide from the process solution, however, may make it difficult to achieve copper values below 5 mg/L, depending on the associated process conditions. If the objective is to remove solids and recover copper, which may also allow recovery of water for reuse, then solids removal by alum and polymer can be followed by ion exchange by a strong acid cation resin. As with precipitation, however, effective copper removal by ion exchange requires pre-treatment of peroxide by chemical reduction. The exchange of dissolved aluminum also reduces the capacity of the resin for copper.
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Amenova, Danagul, Dmitry Ageev, Aigerim Tolesh, Oleg Seldiugaev, Leonid Zinovev, and Marina Nortseva. "Влияние физических методов предпосевной обработки на всхожесть семян некоторых лекарственных растений." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series” 105, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg1/16-22.

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The use of physical processing methods improves the viability of seeds of many species of cultivated plants. Physical processing methods are more environmentally friendly, cheap, can be easily implemented when organizing collection sites and plantations. The use of physical methods of pre-sowing seed treatment of medicinal plants has not previously been carried out. The article presents the results of studying the effects of physical methods (magnetic field irradiation and bubbling), on the germination rate and energy of germination of the seeds of Salvia stepposa, Linum usitatissimum, Valeriana officinalis after 1,5 years of storage. The results demostrated that the viability of the seeds of all three species was significantly increased compared to the control after irradiation with a magnetic field and the use of bubbling for 24 hours. The best physical method of presowing treatment for Salvia stepposa seeds was recognized as the combination of cryopreservation and bubbling, for Linum usitatissimum and Valeriana officinalis seeds were irradiation with a double magnetic field for 3 days.
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Pertiwi, Mega, Yoni Atma, Apon Mustopa, and Rizkia Maisarah. "Karakteristik Fisik dan Kimia Gelatin dari Tulang Ikan Patin dengan Pre-Treatment Asam Sitrat." Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan 7, no. 2 (2018): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17728/jatp.2470.

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5

Puke, Santa, and Ruta Galoburda. "Pre-treatment Effect on Physical and Microbial Parameters of Smoked Baltic Sprats." Rural Sustainability Research 46, no. 341 (December 1, 2021): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plua-2021-0014.

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Abstract Smoked sprats are delicious and nutritionally valuable product. Besides protein, it contains high amount of unsaturated fatty acids and fat soluble vitamins. Nowadays, human interest for fish product consumption is increasing. It leads to the demand for increased shelf life of the smoked sprats. One way to prolong the shelf life is to use some pre-treatment prior to smoking. The aim of study was to analyse the effect of pre-treatment on smoked Baltic sprat quality and microbiological parameters. Various compositions of brine using salts (NaCl, CaCl2) and acetic acid in different proportions were used for fresh sprat pre-treatment. Pre-treatment had the influence on physical parameters; pre-treated samples had higher salt and lower moisture content, and lower pH, which allowed prolonging the shelf life of smoked sprats. The highest pH was in the control sample 6.6, and it allowed growth of yeasts, moulds, Pseudomonas spp., and mesophilic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms. The results demonstrated that after two-week storage of the smoked sprats the growth of moulds (1×102 CFU g−1) was observed only for smoked sprats without pre-treatment (control sample), indicating the positive effect of pre-treatment. Salmonella spp., Clostridium perfingens, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli were not detected in any of the analysed samples. After pre-treatment in brine, containing combination of NaCl and CaCl2, smoked fish had darker colour compared to control sample or sample with sodium chloride only. Any of applied pre-treatments, except brine containing NaCl, made firmer texture of the smoked fish.
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6

Bourchtein, Elizaveta, Alix McLaughlin, Amanda Hughes, Kimberly Walainis, Eric L. Scott, and Emily Foxen-Craft. "Pre-treatment depressive symptoms predict physical performance among pediatric pain program participants." Journal of Pain 22, no. 5 (May 2021): 592. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2021.03.059.

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7

Kroupin, P. Y., and O. G. Semenov. "PHYSICAL METHODS OF PRE-PLANTING AND POSTHARVEST TREATMENT OF POTATO: A REVIEW." RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries 13, no. 4 (2018): 383–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2018-13-4-383-395.

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8

Jelačić, Tvrtko, Sandra Voća, Ante Galić, Martina Skendrović Babojelić, Verica Dragović-Uzelac, and Jana Šic Žlabur. "Application of physical pre-treatment of abrasion in the plum drying process." Pomologia Croatica 23, no. 3-4 (September 4, 2020): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33128/pc.23.3-4.6.

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Voštana prevlaka površine kožice ploda šljive ključna je prepreka gubitku vode prilikom postupka sušenja te ju je nužno ukloniti. Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti utjecaj primjene različitih predtretmana, kemijskog (primjenom lužine), fizikalnog (primjenom abrazije) i toplinskog (ugrijanom destiliranom vodom) na vrijeme sušenja plodova šljive sorte 'President'. Također, varirani su i ključni parametri svakog pojedinog predtretmana poput temperature otopine prilikom toplinskog (22 i 60 °C), koncentracije (0,5, 1 i 1,5% v/v) i temperature (22 i 60 °C) lužine (KOH) kod kemijskog i vremenskog perioda abrazije (5, 10 i 15 min) kod fizikalnog. Prema dobivenim rezultatima, kemijski predtretman lužinom koncentracije 1 i 1,5% temperature 60 °C bio je najučinkovitiji, vrijeme sušenja iznosilo je svega 27 sati, adok je samo 2 sata dulje (29 h) trajalo sušenje plodova predtretiranih abrazijom u vremenu od 15 min. Temeljem svega, može se zaključiti kako je fizikalni predtretman abrazijom izrazito učinkovit u uklanjanju voštane prevlake, time i u skraćivanju vremena sušenja plodova šljive, a isto tako treba naglasiti kako primjenom abrazivnog predtretmana značajno utječemo na smanjenje onečišćenja okoliša, ali i na zdravlje ljudi, s obzirom da nema ostataka kemijskih sredstava koja nakon primjene treba adekvatno zbrinuti, jer potencijalno mogu negativno utjecati na čovjeka i okoliš.
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9

Nishad, P. K., R. K. Naik, S. Patel, and N. K. Mishra. "Effect of pre-treatment on physical properties of chironji (Buchanania lanzan) nuts." Agricultural Research Journal 54, no. 4 (2017): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2395-146x.2017.00118.1.

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10

Prémusz, Viktória, Alexandra Makai, Boróka Gács, Ágnes Simon-Ugron, Pongrác Ács, Kinga Lampek, and Ákos Várnagy. "Relationship between Pre-Treatment Habitual Physical Activity and Success of Assisted Reproduction." Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Educatio Artis Gymnasticae 63, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbeag.63(3).22.

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11

Akanbi, C. T., P. O. Gureje, and I. A. Adeyemi. "Effect of heat-moisture pre-treatment on physical characteristics of dehydrated yam." Journal of Food Engineering 28, no. 1 (April 1996): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0260-8774(95)00027-5.

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12

Vamza, Ilze, Karlis Valters, and Dagnija Blumberga. "Multi-Criteria Analysis of Lignocellulose Substrate Pre-Treatment." Environmental and Climate Technologies 24, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2020-0118.

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Abstract Due to growing topicality of indirect land use change, greater shift towards second generation biofuels should be observed. In order to help smaller biogas and bioethanol producers, multi-criteria analysis of lignocellulose pre-treatment is conducted to elucidate the most preferable approach for lignocellulose pre-treatment. There are four main pre-treatment groups – biological, chemical, physical and physochemical pre-treatment. In this article three pre-treatment types were described by highlighting their specific approaches; using multi-criteria analysis a conclusion was reached that the most preferable pre-treatment option for lignocellulose biomass like corn stover or sugarcane is microbiological pre-treatment, as it showed the closest proximity to ideal solution.
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13

Vamza, Ilze, Karlis Valters, and Dagnija Blumberga. "Multi-Criteria Analysis of Lignocellulose Substrate Pre-Treatment." Environmental and Climate Technologies 24, no. 3 (November 1, 2020): 483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2020-0118.

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AbstractDue to growing topicality of indirect land use change, greater shift towards second generation biofuels should be observed. In order to help smaller biogas and bioethanol producers, multi-criteria analysis of lignocellulose pre-treatment is conducted to elucidate the most preferable approach for lignocellulose pre-treatment. There are four main pre-treatment groups – biological, chemical, physical and physochemical pre-treatment. In this article three pre-treatment types were described by highlighting their specific approaches; using multi-criteria analysis a conclusion was reached that the most preferable pre-treatment option for lignocellulose biomass like corn stover or sugarcane is microbiological pre-treatment, as it showed the closest proximity to ideal solution.
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14

Rohers, Fabio, Ramon Lucas Dalsasso, Willian Cézar Nadaleti, Marcelo Seleme Matias, and Armando Borges de Castilhos Júnior. "Physical–chemical pre-treatment of sanitary landfill raw leachate by direct ascending filtration." Chemosphere 285 (December 2021): 131362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131362.

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15

Prémusz, Viktória, Alexandra Makai, Boróka Gács, Ágnes Nagy, Beatrix Perjés, Pongrác Ács, Kinga Lampek, and Ákos Várnagy. "Preliminary study on pre-treatment physical activity and quality of life in infertility." Exercise and Quality of Life 11, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31382/eqol.191201.

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16

Oluwaseun, Kilanko, Ojolo Sunday Joshua, Inegbenebor Anthony Omieraokholen, Ilori Titus Adeyinka, Leramo Richard Oluwafemi, Babalola Philip Olufemi, and Onwordi Patrick Nwanne. "Effect of Pre-Shelling Treatment on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cashew Nut." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 413 (September 10, 2018): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/413/1/012038.

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17

Boussemart, Marc, Mireille Richou, and Jean‐Yves Benam. "Physical fracttonatton pre‐treatment of the organic matter dissolved in marine pore waters." Environmental Technology 13, no. 11 (November 1992): 1001–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593339209385237.

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18

Gautreau, Maxime, Antoine Kervoelen, Guillaume Barteau, François Delattre, Thibaut Colinart, Floran Pierre, Maxime Hauguel, et al. "Fibre Individualisation and Mechanical Properties of a Flax-PLA Non-Woven Composite Following Physical Pre-Treatments." Coatings 11, no. 7 (July 14, 2021): 846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070846.

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Pre-treatments for plant fibres are very popular for increasing the fineness of bundles, promoting individualisation of fibres, modifying the fibre-matrix interface or reducing water uptake. Most pre-treatments are based on the use of chemicals and raise concerns about possible harmful effects on the environment. In this study, we used physical pre-treatments without the addition of chemical products. Flax tows were subjected to ultrasound and gamma irradiation to increase the number of elementary fibres. For gamma pre-treatments, a 20% increase in the number of elementary fibres was quantified. The biochemical composition of pre-treated flax tows exhibited a partial elimination of sugars related to pectin and hemicelluloses depending on the pre-treatment. The hygroscopic behaviour showed a comparable decreasing trend for water sorption-desorption hysteresis for both types of pre-treatment. Then, non-woven composites were produced from the pre-treated tows using poly-(lactid) (PLA) as a bio-based matrix. A moderate difference between the composite mechanical properties was generally demonstrated, with a significant increase in the stress at break observed for the case of ultrasound pre-treatment. Finally, an environmental analysis was carried out and discussed to quantitatively compare the different environmental impacts of the pre-treatments for composite applications; the environmental benefit of using gamma irradiation compared to ultrasound pre-treatment was demonstrated.
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19

O’ Connor, Jack, Steve Meaney, Gwilym A. Williams, and Maria Hayes. "Extraction of Protein from Four Different Seaweeds Using Three Different Physical Pre-Treatment Strategies." Molecules 25, no. 8 (April 24, 2020): 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25082005.

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Seaweeds are a rich source of protein and can contain up to 47% on the dry weight basis. It is challenging to extract proteins from the raw biomass of seaweed due to resilient cell-wall complexes. Four species of macroalgae were used in this study-two brown, Fucus vesiculosus and Alaria esculenta, and two red, Palmaria palmata and Chondrus crispus. Three treatments were applied individually to the macroalgal species: (I) high-pressure processing (HPP); (II) laboratory autoclave processing and (III) a classical sonication and salting out method. The protein, ash and lipid contents of the resulting extracts were estimated. Yields of protein recovered ranged from 3.2% for Fucus vesiculosus pre-treated with high pressure processing to 28.9% protein recovered for Chondrus crispus treated with the classical method. The yields of protein recovered using the classical, HPP and autoclave pre-treatments applied to Fucus vesiculosus were 35.1, 23.7% and 24.3%, respectively; yields from Alaria esculenta were 18.2%, 15.0% and 17.1% respectively; yields from Palmaria palmata were 12.5%, 14.9% and 21.5% respectively, and finally, yields from Chondrus crispus were 35.2%, 16.1% and 21.9%, respectively. These results demonstrate that while macroalgal proteins may be extracted using either physical or enzymatic methods, the specific extraction procedure should be tailored to individual species.
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20

Fukushi, Junichi, Tetsuo Kojima, Ken Arai, Hirokazu Shiraishi, Yuuichi Ishibashi, Yuujin Hara, Shinichi Tomohiro, and Yoshiyuki Matsumoto. "Treatment of Femoral Neck Fractures in Patients with Pre-existing Physical or Mental Problems." Orthopedics & Traumatology 46, no. 2 (1997): 413–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5035/nishiseisai.46.413.

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21

Di Matteo, Marisa, Luciano Cinquanta, Giovanni Galiero, and Silvestro Crescitelli. "Physical pre-treatment of plums (Prunus domestica). Part 1. Modelling the kinetics of drying." Food Chemistry 79, no. 2 (November 2002): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-8146(02)00137-1.

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22

Huang, Yan-Hua, Sheng-Qi Yang, Wen-Ling Tian, Jian Zhao, Dan Ma, and Chun-Shun Zhang. "Physical and mechanical behavior of granite containing pre-existing holes after high temperature treatment." Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 17, no. 4 (September 2017): 912–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2017.03.007.

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23

Zudaire, Lorena, Tomás Lafarga, Inmaculada Viñas, Maribel Abadias, Nigel Brunton, and Ingrid Aguiló-Aguayo. "Effect of Ultrasound Pre-Treatment on the Physical, Microbiological, and Antioxidant Properties of Calçots." Food and Bioprocess Technology 12, no. 3 (December 3, 2018): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11947-018-2217-z.

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24

Bahar, Nawa. "Effect of Pre-Sowing Treatment of Enterolobium Contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong Seed." Indian Journal of Forestry 35, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 443–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2012-6y9155.

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Enterolobium contortisiliquum a nitrogen fixing tree species produces hardcoated and light brown colour seeds. Seed has physical dormancy due to hardiness of testa. Suitable pretreatment to break the dormancy was investigated. Germination was enhanced from 5.87% (untreated) to 93.17% (mechanical scarification). Although mechanical scarification treatment gives early, uniform and highest germination but it is not practicable in large-scale purposes. Therefore, sulphuric acid for 30 minutes soaking is recommended.
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25

Madadi, Meysam, Yuanyuan Tu, and Aqleem Abbas. "Pretreatment of Lignocelollusic Biomass Based on Improving Enzymatic Hydrolysis." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 5, no. 1 (March 25, 2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v5i1.17018.

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Lignocellulosic materials among the alternative energy resources are the most desirable resources that can be employed to produce cellulosic ethanol, but this materials due to physical and chemical structure arranges strong native recalcitrance and results in low yield of ethanol. Then, a proper pre-treatment method is required to overcome this challenge. Until now, different pre-treatment technologies have been established to enhance lignocellulosic digestibility. This paper widely describes the structure of lignocellulosic biomass and effective parameters in pre-treatment of lignocelluloses, such as cellulose crystallinity, accessible surface area, and protection by lignin and hemicellulose. In addition, an overview about the most important pre-treatment processes include physical, chemical, and biological are provided. Finally, we described about the inhibitors enzymes which produced from sugar degradation during pre-treatment process and the ways to control this inhibitors.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(1): 1-11
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Wattanutchariya, Wassanai, and Kittiya Thunsiri. "Effects of Fibroin Treatments on Physical and Biological Properties of Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite/Fibroin Bone's Scaffold." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 488–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.488.

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The development of bio-mimetic scaffold for tissue engineering proposed a novel method to tissue or bone repairing. The biological and physical properties of the scaffold have been recognizing such as biocompatibility, porosity, pore size, and biodegradability. In this work, Chitosan, Hydroxyapatite (HA), and Fibroin were used for bone's scaffold fabrication by freeze drying technique. Those materials are known as biodegradable materials that serve different properties in bone's scaffold. In common fabrication process, the fibroin treatment is requiring for increasing the stiffness of the fibers. Recently, the fibroin treatment is process before the scaffold fabrication. However, the treatment could process after the scaffold fabrication complete. Thus, we compared the biological and physical of the scaffolds between three conditions of fibroin treatment that consist of 1) Non-treatment (NON), 2) Pre-treatment (PRE), and 3) Post-treatment (POST). From the result, both of biological and physical properties, the PRE porous scaffold is the appropriated condition for this research. Finally, we are looking forward to compare the growth of osteoblast cells on the scaffold with different fibroin treatment and aim to implant those scaffolds for bone repairing in the very near future.
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27

Nicol, Jennifer L., Carmel Woodrow, Nicola W. Burton, Peter Mollee, Andrew J. Nicol, Michelle M. Hill, and Tina L. Skinner. "Physical Activity in People with Multiple Myeloma: Associated Factors and Exercise Program Preferences." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 10 (October 13, 2020): 3277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9103277.

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People with multiple myeloma (MM) often experience disease symptoms and treatment toxicities that can be alleviated through physical activity (PA). However, the majority of people with MM are insufficiently active. This study explored PA among people with MM, including differences by treatment stage, symptoms and demographics, and programming preferences. Overall, 126 people with MM (77% response rate) completed the survey. Pre-diagnosis, 25.4% were sufficiently active, with 12.0% remaining active after treatment. Respondents who were physically active pre-diagnosis were 46.7 times (95% confidence intervals CI: 2.03, 1072.1) more likely to meet PA guidelines following an MM diagnosis compared to people not meeting guidelines pre-diagnosis. Experiencing MM symptoms and receiving PA advice from healthcare professionals were not associated with meeting PA guidelines. People with MM were interested in exercise programs (55%) that are low-cost (77%), offered at flexible times (74%), and at locations close to home (69%), both during active treatment and remission (57%), and supervised by an exercise oncology specialist (48%). People with MM, particularly those insufficiently active prior to diagnosis, should be offered convenient, low-cost exercise programs supervised by an exercise oncology specialist to increase PA participation.
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Hamzah, Fazlena, Ani Idris, and Mahanim Sarif. "Effect of Microwave-Alkali Techniques on the Morphology and Physical Changes of Treated Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Fiber." Materials Science Forum 987 (April 2020): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.987.124.

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Empty fruit bunches fibre (EFB) consisting of 44 % cellulose, 16 % lignin and 35 % hemicelluloses component was treated using microwave-alkali (Mw-A) agitated pre-treatment so as to disrupt the recalcitrant structures in the fibre. Morphology and chemical changes of treated EFB were used as indicators to the effectiveness of Mw-A treatment. The results obtained were compared with conventional pre-treatment process. The morphology of the treated fiber was observed using scanning electron microscope. The reduction in the EFB composition during Mw-A treatment was justified by measuring the total extract cellulose; remaining lignin and hemicellulose, and ash content after the process was performed. Results revealed that Mw-A pre-treatment technique exhibited a more effective removal of lignin and hemicelluloses as compared to the conventional or chemical treatment.
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29

Mahamude, A. S. F., W. S. W. Harun, K. Kadirgama, D. Ramasamy, and K. Farhana. "Cotton waste research follows the effect of pre-treatment and the observation of physical appearance." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1078, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1078/1/012014.

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30

Anatolii, Semenov, Sakhno Tamara, and Semenova Kateryna. "Influence of UV Radiation on Physical and Biological Properties of Rapeseed in Pre-Sowing Treatment." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 10, no. 4 (February 28, 2021): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.d8587.0210421.

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The effect of ultraviolet radiation on pre-sowing treatment of seeds of the winter cultivar Lembke and cultivars treated with fungicides DK EXODUS, DK Exquisite and DK Exprit was studied. Experimental studies show a positive effect of UV irradiation in pre-sowing treatment of winter rapeseeds on seed vigour and germination, both when irradiated in region C (200-280 nm) and in region B (280-320 nm). It was found that UV radiation has a positive effect on the sowing qualities of winter rapeseeds varieties Lembke and DK EXODUS (treated with fungicides) when irradiated with a dose of 120 J/m2 : seed vigour increased by 11% in the variety DK EXODUS and 16.9% in the variety Lembke, germination on average by 13% compared to control samples. At doses of 250 and 500 J/m2 , a decrease in the sowing quality of seeds is observed. The main parameters of kinetic values of hydration were determined: moisture content and hydration rate. It was found that the rate of hydration increased sharply in the initial phase and gradually and slowly decreased in the middle and final phases of the hydration procedure, respectively, in order to achieve a saturated moisture content. Irradiated seeds at a dose of 120 J/m2 showed a higher rate of water absorption than the control, both in the early and later stages of the hydration procedure. It is established that UV-C irradiation changes the kinetics of water absorption by B. napus seeds at low doses of irradiation, causing faster penetration of water into the seeds and more efficient hydration of tissues, positively affecting sowing qualities and biometrics. It has been suggested that water uptake by UV-irradiated B. napus seeds causes excessive imbibition damage at higher doses of UV radiation, as the germination potential decreases and improves at low doses. No significant changes in biometric parameters were detected during UV irradiation of rapeseed varieties DK Exquisite and DK Exprit treated with fungicides and dyes.
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31

Feltman, Barbara. "Case Report - Shoulder Hemiarthroplasty with Pre-existing Ipsilateral Postmastectomy Lymphedema: Physical Therapy Treatment and Outcomes." Rehabilitation Oncology 25, no. 3 (2007): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01893697-200725030-00002.

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32

Utting, Susan D., and M. M. Helm. "Improvement of sea water quality by physical and chemical pre-treatment in a bivalve hatchery." Aquaculture 44, no. 2 (February 1985): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(85)90016-x.

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33

Mascia, L., and E. G. Paxton. "Physical changes during thermal oxidation of PAN fibres and effects of γ-radiation pre-treatment." Thermochimica Acta 184, no. 2 (July 1991): 251–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(91)80029-i.

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34

Sawasdee, Vanatpornratt, and Nipon Pisutpaisal. "Feasibility Study of Methane Generation from Swine Manure and Eichhornia Crassipes [Mart.] Solms." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 25, no. 12 (November 25, 2021): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/2512rjce6067.

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This research was made to study the feasibility of methane generation from swine manure and water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes [Mart.] Solms) under mesophilic conditions. The component of Eichhornia Crassipes [Mart.] Solms was analyzed before pretreatment that was 21.47% cellulose, 14.98% hemicellulose and 9.88% lignin respectively. Eichhornia Crassipes [Mart.] Solms was pre-treated by using the physical pre-treatment and physicalchemical pre-treatment method. The experiment was batch-test operated within forty days of fermentation when incubated at 37 °C. The highest methane production was obtained from water hyacinth physical pre-treatment with a swine manure ratio of 50:50, Hmax 490 ml, Rmax 0.90 ml h-1 and a yield of 135 ml CH4/ g TVS removal respectively. In terms of physicalchemical pre-treatment for water hyacinth, the highest methane production was obtained with water hyacinth to swine manure 50:50 ratio with Hmax 290 ml, Rmax 0.59 ml h-1 and a yield of 130 ml CH4/ g TVS removal respectively. These results showed that the physical pre-treatment method was suitable as a water hyacinth pretreatment for methane production. In terms of economic feasibility, it was evaluated that the cost, net present value (NPV), a benefit to cost ratio (B/C ratio) and payback period (PBP) were 64.27 USD, 12,116.60, 10.52 and thirteen months respectively. Finally, this research will be useful for aquatic invasive species management and biogas production.
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35

Bezpal'ko, V. V., S. V. Stankevych, and A. V. Matsyura. "Pre-sowing seed treatment in winter wheat and spring barley cultivation." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 10, no. 6 (December 28, 2020): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2020_291.

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The increase in the cereal spike crops yield capacity under the current change of the climatic conditions in Ukraine will have a positive tendency in the nearest future, but the sustainable grain production under sharp weather fluctuations is possible only with the improvement of the agro-technological systems. The pre-sowing seed treatment with chemical synthesis pesticides remains the main method in the agricultural industry today. However, the pesticides inevitably have a negative influence on the ecosystem of any level. A more environmentally friendly method of seed treatment under the intensive technology is the combination of the microwave seed irradiation and seed incrustation with the plant growth regulators that provide an increase in the cereal crops yield capacity up to 15–20 %. It is possible to reduce the negative influence of chemical measures on the quality of the cereal crops seeds by using for the seed treatment a mixture of a treatment agent with the preparations having the stimulating properties. The most promising among all physical methods of the pre-sowing seed treatment is the microwave technology which suppresses the entire complex of the seed infection and can become an alternative to the chemical method of plant protection. The universal character and practical importance of MW technologies in combination with the growth regulating substances consist not only in the increase in the yield capacity of the field crops, but also in reducing the technogenic load on the environment. The peculiarity of EMF of EHF application in the agricultural production is the necessity to take into account the specific electro-physical, technological and biological properties of the crops, which high heterogeneity greatly influences the action of the electromagnetic energy and the final result.
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Vasylyshуna, Olena. "Organoleptic evaluation of cherry fruits by pre-treatment with polysaccharide compositions." Scientific Horizons 23, no. 9 (September 23, 2020): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.48077/scihor.23(9).2020.12-20.

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Cherry fruits have a short shelf life due to the period of their storage. Therefore, to extend it, a search for new storage technologies is underway. The purpose of the research carried out during 2016-2019 at the experimental pomology station named after L.P. Simirenko IS NAAN, was the determination of the organoleptic and physical characteristics of fresh cherry fruits before and after storage when processed with polysaccharide compositions. Studies have shown that the weight of cherry varieties Zhadana, Chance, Optimist and In Memoriam Artemenko are large, their weight ranges from 5.2 to 4.8 g. The color of cherry fruits, experimental varieties, determined by the light transmittance did not indicate a significant difference within the variety. The sugar-acid index of cherry fruits prevailed in cherry fruits of Elegant and Alpha varieties, taking values above 5. Cherry fruits had a good organoleptic evaluation. Among all the experimental varieties, the fruits of the Elegant cherry variety were distinguished by their excellent tasting evaluation, appearance and gloss. According to the studied physical and organoleptic parameters and the cluster analysis, the Griot Podbelsky variety (control) was more universal. According to the group of indicators, the fruits of cherry varieties: Alpha, Optimist and Zhadana differed from Elegant and Chance. The smallest changes, compared to the control, in the fruits of cherries varieties Alpha and Optimist. After storage of cherry fruits treated with chitosan with salicylic acid compared to untreated fruits, the taste of the fruit did not deteriorate. Fruits treated with a solution of salicylic acid with chitosan or sodium alginate had an excellent tasting score. The prospect of further research is to establish the effect of polysaccharide compositions based on chitosan and sodium alginate and organoleptic characteristics of cherries of different varieties after storage.
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Bensaad, Dhiya Eddine, Mohammed Saleh, Khalid Ismail, and Youngseung Lee. "Recent Advances in Physical, Enzymatic, and Genetic Modifications of Starches." Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 18, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 245–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/jjas.v18i3.474.

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The current review presents the potential physical modification devised into thermal which includes pre-gelatinization and hydrothermal processing (i.e., annealing (ANN) and heat-moisture treatment (HMT)) and nonthermal modifications (i.e., high-pressure processing (HPP), micronization, ultrasonication, and pulsed electric field (PEF)). Rather than physical modification; enzymatic modification by single enzyme treatment, debranching enzymes, and multienzyme synergetic treatment was discussed. Genetic modification was also discussed as a potential starch modification for better utilization of starch.
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38

Apriyanti, Apriyanti, Mayetti Mayetti, and Deswita Deswita. "Physical Exercise Reduce Fatigue in Children With Leukemia." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kesehatan 9, no. 1 (September 30, 2021): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32668/jitek.v9i1.628.

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Fatigue is a complaint that many children with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) feel while undergoing chemotherapy and is a multidimensional problem. The condition of fatigue that children continuously feel requires treatment from health workers. To optimize physical exercise interventions, researchers combined physical exercise with Levine theory based on four conservation principles to increase patient activity during treatment. The goal of the study was to provide physical exercise to children with ALL undergoing chemotherapy. The research method is quantitative with Quasy Experimen With Control Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design. This study sample of ALL children aged 8-13 years who underwent maintenance phase chemotherapy. The sample was taken using consecutive sampling techniques with a total of 22 people. The data collection tool uses the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale questionnaire. The results showed that the average fatigue scale in the pre-test intervention group was 31.18 and post-test 47.64. The pre-test control group was 27.27 and post-test 39.18. The level of fatigue experienced by children decreased (p 0.000) after being given physical exercise walking 5 minutes, six times in 14 days. The involvement of health workers is expected in conducting a comprehensive assessment of fatigue symptoms, and the results of this study can be used as one of the physical exercise interventions in the management of fatigue in children with leukemia.
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39

Apriyanti, Apriyanti, Mayetti Mayetti, and Deswita Deswita. "Physical Exercise Reduce Fatigue in Children With Leukemia." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kesehatan 9, no. 1 (September 30, 2021): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32668/jitek.v9i1.628.

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Fatigue is a complaint that many children with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) feel while undergoing chemotherapy and is a multidimensional problem. The condition of fatigue that children continuously feel requires treatment from health workers. To optimize physical exercise interventions, researchers combined physical exercise with Levine theory based on four conservation principles to increase patient activity during treatment. The goal of the study was to provide physical exercise to children with ALL undergoing chemotherapy. The research method is quantitative with Quasy Experimen With Control Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design. This study sample of ALL children aged 8-13 years who underwent maintenance phase chemotherapy. The sample was taken using consecutive sampling techniques with a total of 22 people. The data collection tool uses the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale questionnaire. The results showed that the average fatigue scale in the pre-test intervention group was 31.18 and post-test 47.64. The pre-test control group was 27.27 and post-test 39.18. The level of fatigue experienced by children decreased (p 0.000) after being given physical exercise walking 5 minutes, six times in 14 days. The involvement of health workers is expected in conducting a comprehensive assessment of fatigue symptoms, and the results of this study can be used as one of the physical exercise interventions in the management of fatigue in children with leukemia.
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40

Park, Seyong, Seong Kuk Han, Eunhey Song, Ho Kim, Moonil Kim, and Wonbae Lee. "Effect of hydrothermal pre-treatment on physical properties and co-digestion from food waste and sewage sludge mixture." Waste Management & Research 38, no. 5 (January 23, 2020): 546–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x19897123.

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Anaerobic digestion (AD) is generally considered to be an economic and environmentally friendly technology for treating waste activated sludge, but has some limitations, such as the time it takes for the sludge to be digested and also the ineffectiveness of degrading the solids. Various pre-treatment technologies have been suggested to overcome these limitations and to improve the biogas production rate by enhancing the hydrolysis of organic matter. This paper studies the use of hydrothermal pre-treatment (HTP) for a food waste and sewage sludge mixture (FW–SS mixture) as pre-treatment of co-digestion. The results of the capillary suction time, time to filter, and particle size decreased with increasing HTP temperature. These results of the assessment that was conducted in this study confirm that the HTP process indeed modifies the physical properties of the FW–SS mixture to enhance the solubilization of organic solids. A maximum increase in biogas production of 50% is achieved with a HTP temperature of 140oC. These findings show that to achieve high conversion efficiency, an accurately designed pre-treatment step must be included in the overall AD process for wastewater treatment.
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Laksmi Nugraha, Endah, and Ridho Hantoro. "Torrefaction of Empty Fruit Bunch as Fibrous Biomass Pre-Treatment." Materials Science Forum 964 (July 2019): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.964.151.

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The utilization of empty bunches (EFB) as biomass still limited. EFB is used as additional fuel in palm oil mills where the combustion process is directly used. This process has deficiencies due to the characteristics of empty bunches which tend to have high water content. To achieve good combustion results, EFB required pre-treatment technique. In this study, experimental studies of EFB pre-treatment is proposed by torrefaction to improve EFB energy quality. Torrefaction of EFB is performed in several temperature variations with a range between 150-300 °C (150,200,250,300) and a certain duration (15,20,25,30,45 minutes). An investigation is done by using a calorimetric bomb, proximate analysis to find the moisture and ash content and ultimate analysis, which determined the chemical properties of the pre-treatment process. The physical properties of EFB, which fibrous and tough makes EFB size reduction difficult to reach homogenous state. Mass yield of torrefied EFB decreased with increasing temperature as well as with increasing times of torrefaction. Fundamentally, the study has highlighted the effects of torrefaction on solid fuel properties of EFB and its potential as a solid fuel for future thermal applications.
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42

Yen, Chien Kuo, Wen Hao Hsing, and Shih Yang Chen. "The Study of Two-Step Dip System of Conveyer by Different Pre-Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 2622–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.2622.

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In this study, the PET/Nylon woven fabrics first treated with infrared radiation and microwave, then dipped isocyanate solution. The surface of the fabric had treated by physical and chemical processing. Adhesion strength between fabric and fabric up rise to 37.4%, and treated by microwave up rise to while adhesion strength between fabric and rubber by up to 52.2%.
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43

Barathiraja, R., P. Thirumal, G. Saraswathy, and I. Rahamathullah. "Effects of pretreatments on drying of Turkey berry in fluidized bed dryer." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly, no. 00 (2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq201120028b.

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The influence of pre-treatment methods like physical, chemical, combined physical, and hybrid treatments on the Turkey berry fruits to enhance the water diffusion during drying was assessed due to the removal of a waxy layer on the peel. Pre-treated and untreated samples were dried at 70?C and 4 m/s of air flow in a fluidized bed dryer. Fruits pre-treated with combined abrasion and blanching have the lowest drying time, and favorable Vitamin-C content retention of 36%. The highest drying rate of 0.396 kg water/kg db min?1, maximum effective moisture diffusivity of 6.002 x 10-10 m2/s, and volumetric shrinkage ratio of 0.68 were obtained for fruits which undergone combined physical pre-treatment along with drying. The maximum change in color ?E = 14.75 and Chroma ?C = - 10.53 were obtained for the un-treated samples.
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44

Schmitz, Eva, Eva Nordberg Karlsson, and Patrick Adlercreutz. "Ultrasound Assisted Alkaline Pre‐treatment Efficiently Solubilises Hemicellulose from Oat Hulls." Waste and Biomass Valorization 12, no. 10 (March 12, 2021): 5371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-021-01406-0.

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AbstractThe establishment of sustainable bioeconomies requires the utilization of new renewable biomaterials. One such material currently seen as a waste product is oat hulls. Oat hulls exhibit a great potential for the production of dietary fibres due to their exceptionally large hemicellulose content (35%). Their recalcitrant structure however requires a suitable pre-treatment method to access and process the hemicellulose. After a screening of various physical, chemical and physico-chemical pre-treatment methods, including autoclaving, ultrasonication, microwave-, deep eutectic solvents-, as well as alkaline treatments, a combined ultrasonication and alkali pre-treatment method was here found to be the most suitable. A factorial design resulted in optimized conditions of 10 min ultrasonication in water, followed by an incubation in 5 M NaOH at 80 ºC for 9 h yielding solubilisation of 72% of all hemicellulose in the hulls. The method was shown to efficiently break the ester bonds between ferulic acid and the hemicellulose main chain, contributing to its solubilisation. Graphic Abstract
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45

Sisodia, Nidhi, M. S. Parmar, and Saurbh Jain. "Effect of Pre-Treatment on the Smoothness Behaviour of Cotton Fabric." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 27, no. 5(137) (October 31, 2019): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2901.

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Before dyeing, woven cotton fabrics have been passed through different pre-treatments like desizing, scouring, bleaching and mercerising to enhance quality. In every treatment cotton fabric is treated with different chemicals and mechanical processes. After these treatments, the feel of the fabric has been changed. The change in feel or in terms of the hand value of treated fabrics were analysed by determining the bending length, crease recovery angle, SEM, FTIR, surface roughness and smoothness properties. Other physical properties viz. the tear and tensile strength were also evaluated. Fabric surface roughness and smoothness were determined using the Kawabata Evaluation System (KES) and digital image processing method. Using MATLAB software, digital image processing techniques were used to evaluate the roughness index. The study revealed that the pretreatment process alters the fabric surface. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) was carried out using SPSS software in order to establish the relationship between the pre-treatment process effect on the bending length, smoothness and crease recovery angle.
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46

Kim, Ji Sun, Jae Ho Baek, Myung Hwan Kim, Seong Soo Hong, and Man Sig Lee. "Effect of Carbon Pre-Treatment on Pd Dispersion in Synthesis of Pd/C Catalyst." Materials Science Forum 804 (October 2014): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.804.149.

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In this study, we confirmed effect of carbon pre-treatment on Pd dispersion in synthesis of Pd/C catalyst. Physical characteristics on the surface of before and after pre-treated carbon were analyzed by nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis. The dispersion and size of Pd particles were analyzed by XRD, FE-TEM and CO-chemisorption. After pre-treatment, surface area of carbon were decreased. And mesopore area ratio were increased with decreasing micropore area ratio. In the case of pre-treated carbon, we confirmed high dispersion of Pd particles.
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47

Ebrahimi, F., B. G. Tarzi, and M. Asghari. "Effect of Pre-gelatinized Wheat Starch on Physical and Rheological Properties of Shortened Cake Batter and Cake Texture." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 6, no. 5 (October 23, 2016): 1162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.751.

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The focus of this study was the effect of 1.5%, 3% and 4.5% pre-gelatinized wheat starch (based on the total weight of cake batter) on improving the qualitative properties of shortened cake batter. Specific volume and viscosity of the shortened cake batter were measured for controls, 1.5%, 3% and 4.5% gelatinized starch; some important properties such as texture and sensory evaluation were examined. By increasing pre-gelatinized wheat starch used in the batter, a significant difference was observed in the rheological properties of the batter. Cake batter properties were found improved compared to the control samples. The sample with 3% pre-gelatinized starch had a lower viscosity than other treatments. The treatment with 4.5% pre-gelatinized starch had the lowest specific volume compared to other treatments. The overall results showed that the shortened cake with 3% pre-gelatinized starch was the best treatment in terms of texture and sensory evaluation factors.
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48

TUNÇKALE, Tamer, Banu Sarıfakıoğlu, Deniz Kavasoğlu, and Kübra Ustaömer. "Another perspective on lumber spinal stenosis treatment: Should exercise be added to pre-surgical treatment?" Journal of Surgery and Medicine 6, no. 11 (November 25, 2022): 918–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.28982/josam.7570.

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Background/Aim: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a disease that affects the quality of life of elderly individuals. Most patients undergoing surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis try physical therapy before opting to undergo surgery. The effect of pre-surgical exercise treatment is unclear. This study aimed to examine the effect of pre-surgical exercise treatment on functionality, quality of life, and balance. Methods: Patients between the ages of 40 and 70 who were scheduled for surgery based on a diagnosis of LSS were included in this cross-sectional study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups for which exercise therapy was added to the first group before the surgery, and the control group followed in the normal process. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory (BDI and BAI, respectively), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), static and dynamic balance measurements holding hands on and off on the balance device (SBHON, DBHON, DBHOFF) and the SF-36 quality of life scale tests were administered pre-operatively and eight weeks post-operatively, and the results were compared between the two groups that did and did not exercise before surgery. Results: Post-operative SBHON values were found to be significantly lower in the exercise group compared to the other group (P < 0.001). While no differences between pre- and post-operative BBS, DBHON, and DBHOFF values in the non-exercising group were detected, a favorable significant difference in the exercising group was found (all P < 0.001). Conclusion: The addition of pre-surgical exercise therapy to patients can lead to improvements in the success of surgery and contribute to the functionality of patients with LSS diagnosis.
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Karpechenko, A. A., and M. M. Bobrov. "Pre-Recrystallization Heat Treatment Effect on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Functional Electric Arc Composite Coatings." Visnyk of Vinnytsia Politechnical Institute 161, no. 2 (2022): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/1997-9266-2022-161-2-94-100.

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50

Ahn, Na-Young, Yong-Goo Kim, Md Atikur Rahman, Eun Ji Bae, Su Min Choi, Kwang Soo Lee, and Byung-Hyun Lee. "Effect of Physical Pre-treatment of Mature Seed in Callus Formation and Plant Regeneration of Zoysiagrass." Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science 35, no. 4 (December 30, 2015): 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5333/kgfs.2015.35.4.316.

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