Academic literature on the topic 'Physical modelling synthesis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Physical modelling synthesis"
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Djoharian, Pirouz. "Material Design in Physical Modelling Sound Synthesis." Journal of New Music Research 30, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 227–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/jnmr.30.3.227.7470.
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PEARSON, MARK. "TAO: a physical modelling system and related issues." Organised Sound 1, no. 1 (April 1996): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771896000167.
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This paper describes TAO, a system for sound synthesis by physical modelling based on a new technique called cellular sound synthesis (CSS). The system provides a general mechanism for constructing an infinite variety of virtual instruments, and does so by providing a virtual acoustic material, elastic in nature, whose physical characteristics can be fine-tuned to produce different timbres. A wide variety of sounds such as plucked, hit, bowed and scraped sounds can be produced, all having natural physical and spacial qualities. Some of the musical and philosophical issues considered to be most important during the design and development of the system are touched upon, and the main features of the system are explained with reference to practical examples. Advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis technique and the prototype system are discussed, together with suggestions for future improvements.
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KRONLAND-MARTINET, R., Ph GUILLEMAIN, and S. YSTAD. "Modelling of natural sounds by time–frequency and wavelet representations." Organised Sound 2, no. 3 (November 1997): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771898009030.
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Sound modelling is an important part of the analysis–synthesis process since it combines sound processing and algorithmic synthesis within the same formalism. Its aim is to make sound simulators by synthesis methods based on signal models or physical models, the parameters of which are directly extracted from the analysis of natural sounds. In this article the successive steps for making such systems are described. These are numerical synthesis and sound generation methods, analysis of natural sounds, particularly time–frequency and time–scale (wavelet) representations, extraction of pertinent parameters, and the determination of the correspondence between these parameters and those corresponding to the synthesis models. Additive synthesis, nonlinear synthesis, and waveguide synthesis are discussed.
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Abd Ghafar, Nurhanis Sofiah, Santhi Ulakanathan, Mahendran Samykano, Kumaran Kadirgama, Hussein A. Mohammed, and Wai Keng Ngui. "Template Synthesis of Ni Nanowires: Characterization and Modelling." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 77, no. 2 (November 14, 2020): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.77.2.7690.
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Template-assisted electrochemical deposition is a straight forward approach for the synthesis of 1D nanostructures (e.g., nanowire, nanorod, and nanobelt) with controllable morphology. This approach is suitable for mass production as it works at ambient pressure and temperature with the properties of synthesized 1D nanostructures being influenced by synthesis conditions during the electrochemical deposition process. This work aims to investigate the influence of stabilizing agent concentration and heating temperature towards the physical behavior of Nickel (Ni) nanowires synthesized via a template-assisted electrochemical deposition approach. In this research, the electrolyte bath was prepared in three different concentrations of the stabilizing agent (6 g/L, 40 g/L and 70 g/L), and the deposition bath temperature used was 30°C, 70°C, and 110°C respectively. The elemental composition was determined using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis to investigate the percentage of pure Ni element in the synthesized nanowires. The diameter, surface texture, and growth length of the synthesized Ni nanowires were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). X-ray diffractions (XRD) was used for crystal size and crystal orientation analysis. Additionally, the mechanical properties of Ni nanowires were extracted via molecular dynamic simulation. Growth length of Ni nanowires found to be significantly improved as the heating temperature increased, but it decreased when stabilizer agent concentration is high. The diffraction patterns for all synthesis conditions exhibited the synthesis Ni nanowires are polycrystalline as the crystalline planes with Miller indices of 111, 200, and 220. All the investigated nanowires showed ductile failure behavior, a typical behavior at larger length scales of Ni.
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Abeska, Yesim Yilmaz, and Levent Cavas. "Artificial neural network modelling of green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by honey." Neural Network World 32, no. 1 (2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/nnw.2022.32.001.
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Nanomaterials draw attention because of their unique physical, chemical and biological properties in areas such as catalysis, electronic, optics, medicine, solar energy conversion and water treatment. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has many superiorities compared to physical and chemical methods such as lowcost, nontoxicity, eco-sensitive. In this paper, experimental conditions related togreen synthesis of silver nanoparticles by honey were modelled using artificial neural network (ANN). While agitation time, agitation rate, pH, temperature, honey concentration, AgNO3 concentration were selected as input parameters, production of silver nanoparticles was used as an output parameter. According to the results, optimum hidden neuron number was found as 40 with LevenbergMarquardt back-propagation algorithm. In this conditions, the percentages of training, validationand testing were 75, 20 and 5, respectively. After creating neural network separated input data set was applied and then experimental and ANN predicted data were compared. In conclusion, ANN can be an alternative modelling and robust approach that could help researchers in this field to estimate production of silver nanoparticles.
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Marvi, Z., S. Xu, G. Foroutan, K. Ostrikov, and I. Levchenko. "Plasma-deposited hydrogenated amorphous silicon films: multiscale modelling reveals key processes." RSC Advances 7, no. 31 (2017): 19189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra00478h.
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Physical and chemical mechanisms and role of plasma in the synthesis of hydrogenated amorphous silicon were studied numerically to reveal the key growth processes and, hence, to ensure a higher level of control over the film structure and properties.
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Szrek, Jarosław, Artur Muraszkowski, and Przemysław Sperzyński. "Type Synthesis, Modelling and Analysis of the Manipulator for Wheel-Legged Robot." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 10, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ama-2016-0014.
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Abstract The aim of this article is to present the concept of wheel-legged mobile manipulator, which is a combination of mobile platform with specially selected suspension system and a manipulator. First, a literature review was performed and own solution proposed. The kinematic structure of manipulator, selected simulation results, physical model and the concept of the control system has been presented. Geometry synthesis was used to design basic dimension. Structural synthesis was performed according to the intermediate chain method. Simulations were performed using the multibody dynamics simulation software. New approach in the field of the mobile manipulators was presented as a result.
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Chatziioannou, Vasileios, Sebastian Schmutzhard, Montserrat Pàmies-Vilà, and Alex Hofmann. "Investigating Clarinet Articulation Using a Physical Model and an Artificial Blowing Machine." Acta Acustica united with Acustica 105, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 682–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3813/aaa.919348.
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A time-domain physical model is presented that is capable of simulating a variety of articulation techniques in single-reed woodwind instruments and suitable for real-time sound synthesis. Due to the nonlinear nature of the excitation mechanism, an energy-based approach is adopted for the construction of the numerical scheme in order to ensure algorithm stability. To validate the model, measurements are carried out using an artificial blowing machine. The construction of the machine, including a sensor-equipped reed and mouthpiece as well as an automated artificial tongue and lip, is described in detail. By adjusting the motion of the tongue, the blowing machine can generate audio signals corresponding to portato and staccato articulation. These signals are resynthesised following an inverse modelling approach based on the presented physical model, during which model parameters are estimated. All estimated parameters lie in a physically feasible range and may be used for sound synthesis and sound analysis applications.
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Novitsky, Nikolay. "Mathematical modeling of hydraulic chains as cyber-physical objects." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601091.
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The article attempts to substantiate a new direction of scientific research of pipeline systems (PLS) of the energy sector as cyber-physical objects. The relevance of this direction is determined by the practical formation of new properties of PLSs in the process of their renovation, intellectualization and digitalization, along with the absence of a general theory of classification of the goals pursued, emerging problems and solution methods. It is proposed to base such studies on the theory of hydraulic circuits, the subject of which is the general methods of mathematical modelling, calculation and optimization, applicable in principle for any PLS (heat, water, oil and gas supply, etc.). The concepts of controlled and cybernetic hydraulic circuit are introduced as a new object of study of this theory. The content of new classes of problems of research and modelling of hydraulic circuits as cybernetic is revealed. The characteristics of the available results in the field of methods of analysis and synthesis of PLSs as cyber-physical objects are given. Mathematical models and methods of analysis of the consequences of regime control in conditions of stochastic of external influences and uncertainty of the internal state are presented. A set of indicators for the integral assessment of the controllability of the PLS is proposed, reflecting the main aspects of management: admissibility, reliability and efficiency. Integral indices of PLS identifiability and methods of their calculation are proposed. The interrelation of these indicators, which can be used to develop methods of analysis, synthesis, norms and standards of controllability and identifiability, as the main cybernetic properties of PLS, is disclosed.
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d’Anterroches, Loïc, and Rafiqul Gani. "Group contribution based process flowsheet synthesis, design and modelling." Fluid Phase Equilibria 228-229 (February 2005): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2004.08.018.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Physical modelling synthesis"
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Laird, Joel Augustus. "The physical modelling of drums using digital waveguides." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/ebd75b4b-bcdd-4cc7-b153-a6e0007682aa.
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Webb, Craig Jonathan. "Parallel computation techniques for virtual acoustics and physical modelling synthesis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15779.
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The numerical simulation of large-scale virtual acoustics and physical modelling synthesis is a computationally expensive process. Time stepping methods, such as finite difference time domain, can be used to simulate wave behaviour in models of three-dimensional room acoustics and virtual instruments. In the absence of any form of simplifying assumptions, and at high audio sample rates, this can lead to simulations that require many hours of computation on a standard Central Processing Unit (CPU). In recent years the video game industry has driven the development of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) that are now capable of multi-teraflop performance using highly parallel architectures. Whilst these devices are primarily designed for graphics calculations, they can also be used for general purpose computing. This thesis explores the use of such hardware to accelerate simulations of three-dimensional acoustic wave propagation, and embedded systems that create physical models for the synthesis of sound. Test case simulations of virtual acoustics are used to compare the performance of workstation CPUs to that of Nvidia’s Tesla GPU hardware. Using representative multicore CPU benchmarks, such simulations can be accelerated in the order of 5X for single precision and 3X for double precision floating-point arithmetic. Optimisation strategies are examined for maximising GPU performance when using single devices, as well as for multiple device codes that can compute simulations using billions of grid points. This allows the simulation of room models of several thousand cubic metres at audio rates such as 44.1kHz, all within a useable time scale. The performance of alternative finite difference schemes is explored, as well as strategies for the efficient implementation of boundary conditions. Creating physical models of acoustic instruments requires embedded systems that often rely on sparse linear algebra operations. The performance efficiency of various sparse matrix storage formats is detailed in terms of the fundamental operations that are required to compute complex models, with an optimised storage system achieving substantial performance gains over more generalised formats. An integrated instrument model of the timpani drum is used to demonstrate the performance gains that are possible using the optimisation strategies developed through this thesis.
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Desvages, Charlotte Genevieve Micheline. "Physical modelling of the bowed string and applications to sound synthesis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31273.
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This work outlines the design and implementation of an algorithm to simulate two-polarisation bowed string motion, for the purpose of realistic sound synthesis. The algorithm is based on a physical model of a linear string, coupled with a bow, stopping fi ngers, and a rigid, distributed fingerboard. In one polarisation, the normal interaction forces are based on a nonlinear impact model. In the other polarisation, the tangential forces between the string and the bow, fingers, and fingerboard are based on a force-velocity friction curve model, also nonlinear. The linear string model includes accurate time-domain reproduction of frequency-dependent decay times. The equations of motion for the full system are discretised with an energy-balanced finite difference scheme, and integrated in the discrete time domain. Control parameters are dynamically updated, allowing for the simulation of a wide range of bowed string gestures. The playability range of the proposed algorithm is explored, and example synthesised gestures are demonstrated.
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Walker, Andrew Peter. "Preparation, characterisation, and modelling of novel ammonia synthesis catalysts." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333351.
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Demoucron, Matthias. "On the control of virtual violins - Physical modelling and control of bowed string instruments." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349920.
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Cette thèse porte sur le contrôle de la synthèse sonore par modélisation physique des instruments à corde frottée. Elle se base, d'une part, sur l'exploration systématique de l'influence des paramètres de contrôle (pression d'archet, vitesse de l'archet et distance au chevalet) sur le comportement du modèle, et d'autre part, sur la mesure du contrôle effectif qu'exerce l'instrumentiste afin d'obtenir un contrôle réaliste du modèle physique. Un modèle physique basé sur la résolution modale de l'équation de la corde est d'abord présenté et implémenté pour la synthèse sonore du violon. Le comportement du modèle physique est ensuite examiné en effectuant des simulations et se concentre sur deux aspects: la ``jouabilité", c'est-à-dire l'espace des paramètres de contrôle dans lequel un mouvement de Helmholtz périodique est obtenu, et les variations des propriétés du son synthétisé (fréquence d'oscillation, niveau sonore et centroïde spectral) à l'intérieur de cet espace de paramètres. La deuxième partie de ce travail concerne la mise au point d'un capteur pour mesurer la force d'appui de l'archet sur la corde dans un contexte de jeu réel. Le capteur est ensuite combiné avec un système optique de capture du mouvement afin de mesurer l'ensemble complet des paramètres de jeu du violoniste. La dernière partie présente l'analyse des mesures de ces paramètres de contrôle pour des modes de jeu typiques (sautillé, spiccato, martelé, tremolo, détaché). Ces mesures permettent de décrire certaines propriétés du geste instrumental et de proposer un contrôle réaliste de la synthèse sonore pour différents modes de jeu et différentes tâches musicales.
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Villeneuve, Jérôme. "Mise en oeuvre de méthodes de résolution du problème inverse dans le cadre de la synthèse sonore par modélisation physique masses-interactions." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENS041.
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Un "problème inverse", dans son sens général, consiste en une «inversion» de la relation de cause à effet. Il ne s'agit pas de produire un phénomène «cause» à partir d'un phénomène «effet», mais plutôt de s'essayer à définir un phénomène «cause» dont un effet observé serait la conséquence.Dans le contexte du formalisme de modélisation physique et de simulation CORDIS-ANIMA, et plus particulièrement dans le cadre de l'interface de création sonore et de composition musicale qui le met en œuvre, GENESIS, créés par le laboratoire ACROE-ICA, on identifie une problématique d'une telle nature : étant donné un phénomène sonore, quel modèle physique construire qui permettrait de l'obtenir ? Cette interrogation est fondamentale dans le cadre du processus de création engagé par l'utilisation de tels outils. En effet, pouvoir décrire et concevoir le procédé qui permet d'engendrer un phénomène ou un événement sonore (musical) préalablement définis est une nécessité inhérente à l'acte de création musicale. Réciproquement, disposer des éléments d'analyse et de décomposition de la chaîne de production du phénomène sonore permet d'envisager, par représentation, traitement direct, composition des éléments de cette décomposition, la production de phénomènes très riches, nouveaux, expressifs et présentant une cohérence intime avec les sons naturels sur lesquels l'expérience perceptive et cognitive est construite.Dans l'objectif d'aborder cette problématique, nous avons dû formuler et étudier deux des aspects fondamentaux qui la sous-tendent. Le premier concerne la description même du résultat final, le phénomène sonore. Celle-ci pouvant être de plusieurs natures et souvent difficile en termes objectifs et quantitatifs, notre approche a tout d'abord consisté à réduire le problème aux notions de contenu spectral, ou encore de « structure modale » définis par une approche phénoménologique de type signal. Le second concerne la nature fonctionnelle et paramétrique des modèles construits au sein du paradigme CORDIS-ANIMA. Étant, par essence, une métaphore du contexte instrumental, tout modèle doit alors être conçu comme la mise en interaction d'un couple « instrument/instrumentiste ». De ces spécifications nous avons alors pu définir UN problème inverse, dont la résolution a demandé la mise au point d'outils d'interprétation de données phénoménologiques en données paramétriques. Ce travail de thèse a finalement abouti à la mise en œuvre de ces nouveaux outils au sein même du logiciel de création GENESIS, ainsi que dans l'environnement didactique qui l'accompagne. Les modèles qui en résultent, répondent à des critères de cohérence, de clarté et ont pour première vocation d'être réintégrés au processus de création. Ils ne constituent pas une finalité en eux-mêmes, mais un appui proposé à l'utilisateur pour compléter sa démarche.En conclusion de ce travail, nous détaillons les directions pouvant être suivies à des fins d'extension ou éventuellement de reformulation de cette problématiqueAn “Inverse Problem”, usually consists in an inversion of the cause-to-effect relation. It's not about producing a “cause” phenomenon from a given “effect” phenomenon, but rather defining a “cause” phenomenon of which an observed effect would be the consequence. In the context of the CORDIS-ANIMA physical modeling and simulation formalism, and in particular within the GENESIS interface for sound synthesis and musical creation, both built by the ACROE-ICA laboratory, it is possible to identify such a problem: Considering a sound, which physical model could be built to produce it? This interrogation is fundamental if we consider the creative process engaged by the users of such tools. Indeed, being able to describe and to conceive the process which engenders a previously defined phenomenon or sonic (musical) event is an inherent need for the activity of musical creation. Reciprocally, disposing of elements for analyzing and decomposing the sound phenomenon's production chain allows to consider, by means of representation, direct processing, and re-composition, the production of very rich and expressive phenomena that present an intimate coherency with the natural sounds upon which the perceptive and cognitive experience are built.To approach this problem, we formulated and studied two underlying fundamental aspects. The first one covers the very description of the final result, the sound phenomenon. This description can be of different kinds and is often complex regarding objective and quantitative matters, therefore, our approach has consisted first in a reduction of the general problem by considering spectral content, or “modal structure”, defined by a phenomenological signal based approach. The second aspect concerns the functional and parametrical nature of models built with the CORDIS-ANIMA paradigm. Since all models are inherently a metaphor of an instrumental situation, each one must then be conceived as an interactive combination of an “instrument/instrumentist” couple. From these specifications we have defined ONE inverse problem, whose resolution required developing tools to interpret phenomenological data to parametrical data. Finally, this work has led to the implementation of these new tools in within the GENESIS software, as well as in its didactic environment. The resulting models fulfill coherence and clarity criteria and are intended to reintegrate the creative process. They do not constitute an end in themselves, rather a support proposed to the user in order to complete his process.As a conclusion to this work, we detail further directions that could be pursued in order to extend or possibly reformulate the inverse problem
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Orelli, Paiva Guilherme. "Vibroacoustic Characterization and Sound Synthesis of the Viola Caipira." Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1045/document.
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La viola caipira est un type de guitare brésilienne largement utilisée dans la musique populaire. Elle comprend dix cordes métalliques organisées en cinq paires, accordées à l'unisson ou à l'octave. Le travail de thèse porte sur l'analyse des spécificités des sons musicaux produits par cet instrument, peu étudié dans la littérature.L'analyse des mouvements des cordes pincées au moyen d'une caméra rapide montre l'importance des vibrations par sympathie qui donnent lieu à un halo sonore, constituant une signature perceptive importante. Ces mesures révèlent également l'existence de chocs entre cordes, qui ont des conséquences très clairement audibles. Les mobilités vibratoires au chevalet sont par ailleurs mesurées au moyen de la méthode du fil brisé, simple de mise en oeuvre et peu couteuse dans la mesure où elle évite l'utilisation d'un capteur d'effort. Associée à une analyse modale haute résolution (méthode ESPRIT), ces mesures permettent de déterminer les déformées modales aux points de couplage corde/caisse et donc de caractériser l'instrument.Une modélisation physique, basées une approche modale, est réalisée à des fins de synthèse sonore. Elle prend en compte les mouvements des cordes selon 2 polarisations, les couplages avec la caisse ainsi que les collisions entre cordes. Ce modèle est qualifié de modèle hybride car il combine une approche analytique pour décrire les vibrations des cordes et des données expérimentales décrivant la caisse.Les simulations dans le domaine temporel rendent compte des principales caractéristiques identifiées de la viola caipiraThe viola caipira is a type of Brazilian guitar widely used in popular music. It consists of ten metallic strings arranged in five pairs, tuned in unison or octave. The thesis work focuses on the analysis of the specificities of musical sounds produced by this instrument, which has been little studied in the literature.The analysis of the motions of plucked strings using a high speed camera shows the existance of sympathetic vibrations, which results in a sound halo, constituting an important perceptive feature. These measurements also reveal the existence of shocks between strings, which lead to very clearly audible consequences. Bridges mobilities are also measured using the wire-breaking method, which is simple to use and inexpensive since it does not require the use of a force sensor. Combined with a high-resolution modal analysis (ESPRIT method), these measurements enable to determine the modal shapes at the string/body coupling points and thus to characterize the instrument.A physical modelling, based on a modal approach, is carried out for sound synthesis purposes. It takes into account the strings motions according to 2 polarizations, the couplings with the body and the collisions between strings. This model is called a hybrid model because it combines an analytical approach to describe the vibrations of strings and experimental data describing the body. Simulations in the time domain reveal the main characteristics of the viola caipira
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Gavazza, Giuseppe. "La synthèse par modèle physique comme outil de formalisation musicale." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAS041.
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La synthèse pour par modèles physiques propose une approche à de la création musicale alternative à de celui celle plus habituelle du traitement du signal. En prenant en considération le phénomène musical comme un unicum émergeant de l'interaction entre le musicien et les instruments à sa disposition, on expérimente et donne corps phénoménologique et sensible aux actions créatrices.En ne considérant pas comme entités distinctes la matière sonore et la structure musicale, on oriente les potentialités de l'ordinateur et crée une dialectique originale et féconde entre le formel (structurel) et le perceptif (cognitif).Le champ d'action envisagé dans cette thèse concerne le développement, la formalisation et la catégorisation des modèles physiques réalisés à l’aide du formalisme CORDIS-ANIMA de structures - créées par modélisation physique - utiles pour la composition musicale, dans la perspective de mettre en évidence la fonction de formalisation musicale associée portée au par ce paradigme. de simulation par modèle physique CORDIS-ANIMA.Le point de départ est ma pratique personnelle de près de 20 années, en tant que compositeur, avec le logiciel de création sonore GENESIS du laboratoire ACROE-ICA. Cette pratique, à travers des travaux à la fois scientifiques (en modélisation) et artistiques (en composition musicale), m'a conduit à considérer cet environnement non pas comme un synthétiseur, mais comme un instrument " organique " permettant de créer une composition musicale complète couvrant les trois échelles de catégorisation usuelle de l'acoustique et de la musique : micro-formelle (le timbre, l'harmonie, l'orchestration), mezzo-formelle (le rythme, la mélodie et les séquences / structures harmoniques de premier niveau) et macro-formelle (la structure harmonique de niveau supérieur, le schéma formel de la composition complète).L'objectif ne consiste pas à proposer le cadre d'une "nouvelle musique" ou d'une nouvelle esthétique, mais à "bien tempérer" les instruments pour une nouvelle pratique de la création musicale explorant et exploitant au mieux les potentialités de l'ordinateur et des technologies numériques, aussi dans la direction d'un élargissement de la dialectique instrumentalité - écriture musicale vers une "supra instrumentalité" [Cadoz6] et vers des perspectives "post-scriptiques" de la création musicale [Cadoz7]Physical model synthesis offers an approach to composition alternative to the more usual signal processing. Considering the musical phenomenon as a "unicum" emerging from the interaction between the musicians and their instruments the physical model synthesis realizes and gives phenomenological and sensitive corporeality to the creative actions. By conceiving not as separate entities sound material and musical structure directs the potentialities of the computer and creates an original and fruitful dialectic between the formal (structural) and perceptual (cognitive).The sphere of action for my PhD concerns the development, formalisation and categorisation of structural models – created by physical modelling – useful for musical composition in the perspective to highlight the musical formalisation function associated with the CORDIS-ANIMA physical model simulation paradigm.The starting point for this work is 20 years of personal use as a composer, of the GENESIS physical model musical creation software developed by the ACROE-ICA laboratory.This experience has led me, through works both scientific (modelling) and artistic (music composition), to consider this environment not as a synthesis tool, but as a complex instrument, which allows to create a complete musical composition covering all three usual categories of acoustics and music: micro-formal (the tone, harmony, orchestration), mezzo-formal (the rhythm, melody, and the basic sequences/harmonic structures) and macro-formal (the higher level harmonic structure, the formal outline of the entire composition).My goal is not to propose the framework of a new music or a new aesthetic, but develop "well-tempered" instruments for a new practice of music creativity that explores and accomplishes better the potentialities of computer and digital technology. This also leads in the direction of broadening the dialectic instrumentality - writing music to a "supra instrumentality" [Cadoz6] and to post-scriptic outlook on musical creation [Cadoz7]
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Kacem, Abbes. "Auralisation des transports ferroviaires en milieu urbain." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT049.
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Le développement du secteur des transports ferroviaires est fortement contraint par la pollution sonore associée. Le nombre de riverains gênés par le bruit ferroviaire ne cesse de croître avec la construction de nouvelles voies ferrées et la densification du trafic. Dans ce contexte, la réduction des nuisances sonores ferroviaires constitue un axe de recherche majeur. Les principaux travaux réalisés sur le sujet se sont articulés autour de l'estimation des niveaux sonores. Des modèles aussi bien théoriques qu'empiriques ont été proposés permettant de prédire avec précision les niveaux du bruit ferroviaire. Cependant, l'information fournie est difficile à appréhender en termes de gêne, cette grandeur étant aussi liée à d'autres paramètres plus complexes. Une caractérisation plus précise de la gêne consiste à simuler le signal sonore perçu par un auditeur et effectuer une évaluation par l'écoute. Cette simulation auditive du champ sonore est appelée auralisation.Cette thèse cherche à mettre en œuvre des techniques d'auralisation du bruit ferroviaire en milieu urbain. Ce bruit est de nature complexe compte tenu des nombreuses sources individuelles qui le composent. Pour une circulation urbaine, le bruit ferroviaire provient du roulement de la roue sur le rail et des équipements du train. Les travaux réalisés dans le cadre de cette thèse concernent le développement de méthodes de synthèse sonore de ces sources.Afin de pouvoir traiter différents types de roues et de rails, l'auralisation du bruit de roulement repose sur une approche physique. Cette approche consiste à modéliser l'excitation du système roue/rail dans le domaine temporel. Des modules de synthèse sonore adaptés aux contributions du rail, de la roue et des traverses sont développés. Ces modules assurent l'auralisation du bruit de roulement en tenant compte de l'excitation. La méthode proposée fait l'objet d'une étude comparative avec une mesure au passage. Il est démontré que le signal simulé est proche de la mesure en termes de niveau sonore avec un écart inférieur à 2 dB(A). Un test d'écoute basé sur les séquences simulées et enregistrées permet de mettre en évidence qu'une bonne configuration du modèle produit un réalisme important par rapport à la mesure.Par ailleurs, une technique de synthèse granulaire synchrone est adoptée pour restituer le bruit des équipements. Initialement appliqué dans la synthèse du bruit de trafic routier, l'algorithme de synthèse est adapté aux spécificités des équipements du matériel roulant ferroviaire. L’approche proposée permet de restituer fidèlement les émissions acoustiques des équipementsRailway transportation represents an important source of noise pollution in urban areas. Both the development of new infrastructures and the increase in traffic raise the number of people impacted. As a result, reduction of railway traffic noise remains an active research field. The work carried out on the subject has been mainly focused on the estimation of sound levels. Theoretical and empirical models have been proposed to accurately predict railway noise levels. However, averaged sound pressure levels may be difficult to translate in terms of perceived noise annoyance, due to the complexity of the involved phenomena. One way to assess perceived noise annoyance is to synthesize and render the time domain pressure signal perceived by a listener. Noise annoyance is then evaluated perceptually through listening tests. This approach is called auralization.The goal of this thesis is to develop auralization methods for acoustic emissions from railway vehicles in urban environments. Railway noise is radiated from many individual sources. In urban areas, the railway noise mainly consists of rolling and traction noise. This thesis focuses specifically on the audio synthesis of these sources.In order to assess different types of wheels and rails, the auralization method of the rolling noise is based on a physical model whose parameters may be varied. In this approach, the excitation of the wheel/rail system is modeled in the time domain. Three sound synthesis modules are proposed for the acoustic emission signals of the rail, wheel and sleepers. Each module accounts for the excitation force of the wheel/rail system. Comparisons of simulated pass-by noise levels with measured data show a good agreement with differences smaller than 2 dB(A) in terms of A-weighted sound pressure levels. The approach is also evaluated trough listening tests. It is shown that when properly configured, the proposed model yields very realistic sounds.Noise from the traction system components is auralized using a granular synthesis technique. The technique, previously developed for road traffic engine noise, is adapted to railway vehicle noise. It is shown to accurately synthesize the acoustic emissions of these components
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Mullan, E. "Physical modelling sound synthes by digital waveguide extraction with application to computer games and virtual environments." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580109.
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While the first computer games synthesised all their sound effects, a desire for realism led to the use of sample playback when technology matured enough to allow it. However, current research points to many advantages of procedural audio, which is generated at run time using various synthesis techniques. A physical modelling branch of audio synthesis provides an intuitive link to an environment's virtual physical parameters. Some physical modelling techniques, primarily modal synthesis, have been used to synthesise audio in real-time in interactive virtual environments. This thesis presents a new technique called digital wave guide extraction which models the motion of a two dimensional membrane. The technique exploits the efficiency advantages of digital waveguides, which are commonly used to model one dimensional objects, by extracting harmonic subsets from the membrane's spectrum based on plane waves travelling in a single direction. The technique is shown to be mathematically equivalent to modal synthesis. A detailed method of implementation is provided, the output of which is shown to closely match that of modal synthesis in frequency content and amplitude envelope. A means of decreasing the computational complexity of the technique, while affecting minimal change to the synthesised sound, is proposed and justified. The saving can be applied to a varying degree which is useful in environments where objects can have different levels of perceptual importance and processing availability can vary due to factors unrelated to audio. Perceptual listening tests reveal that, without affecting any perceptual difference to the sound produced, computational complexity can be reduced by at least 72%, typically around 95% and often beyond 99%. Finally, the digital waveguide extraction technique has been linked to purely geometrical analysis of a membrane. This provides an alternative understanding of the technique and indicates potential for a new wave-based approach to modelling non- ideally shaped objects and rooms.
Books on the topic "Physical modelling synthesis"
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Lorenzo, Pareschi, and Russo Giovanni, eds. Modelling and numerics of kinetic dissipative systems. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Physical modelling synthesis"
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Pfeifle, Florian, and Rolf Bader. "Performance Controller for Physical Modelling FPGA Sound Synthesis of Musical Instruments." In Current Research in Systematic Musicology, 331–50. Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00107-4_14.
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Pollitz, Fred F. "Regional Seismic Wavefield Computation on a 3-D Heterogeneous Earth Model by Means of Coupled Traveling Wave Synthesis." In Earthquake Processes: Physical Modelling, Numerical Simulation and Data Analysis Part I, 2085–112. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8203-3_12.
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Rezaul Karim, Md, Mesut Balaban, Hakan Aydın, Hilmi Ünlü, and M. Hikmet Yükselici. "Synthesis, Characterization and Modelling of Colloidal Quantum Dots." In Topics in Applied Physics, 117–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93460-6_3.
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Van Mierlo, Simon, and Hans Vangheluwe. "Statecharts: A Formalism to Model, Simulate and Synthesize Reactive and Autonomous Timed Systems." In Foundations of Multi-Paradigm Modelling for Cyber-Physical Systems, 155–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43946-0_6.
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Wodołażski, Artur. "Modelling of Carbon Monoxide and Carbon Dioxide Methanation under Industrial Condition." In Biogas: Recent Advances and Integrated Approaches [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85170.
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The development of methanation technology is supported by detailed modeling and process simulation to optimize the design and study of its reaction dynamic properties. The chapter presents a discussion of selected catalysts and its kinetic models in the methanation reaction. The development models of fixed-bed reactors in the methane synthesis were also presented. Chemical and physical modeling of methanation reactions with optimization, exploitation, and the analysis of critical processes in time is an important contribution to the technology modernization.
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Boiko, Yana. "MODELLING AS A METHOD OF COGNITION IN THE HUMANITIESMODELLING AS A METHOD OF COGNITION IN THE HUMANITIES." In Development of scientific, technological and innovation space in Ukraine and EU countries. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-151-0-1.
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Modelling of physical objects, processes, and phenomena, i.e. their study by creating their copies (models), which reproduce their characteristic properties, is a powerful tool used by researchers while studying the systems of different nature. The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the genesis of modelling as an effective method of cognition in the framework of the anthropocentric paradigm of research. The solution of such research problems determines the logic of the presentation of the studied material in the paper: systematisation of achievements in the theory and practice of modelling as a universal tool of human thinking and a means of research; development of taxonomy of models in research; theoretical substantiation of modelling in the context of heuristic possibilities of the linguistic paradigm. Methodology of the study is based on general research methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, observation and abstraction, which are used to systematise achievements in the theory and practice of modelling systems of different nature in the humanities and, in particular, in linguistics. Results of the survey showed that modelling in the humanities has been actively used during the last decade of the 20th century. The model in the humanities is understood as a tool that schematically represents objects, phenomena, and processes that are inaccessible to direct observation, and thus provides an idea of them. The development of taxonomy of models in research is carried out according to various criteria. In this study, models are classified according to the following parameters: object for modelling, classes of signs used in the model, the relationship of models with real objects or processes, the way of representation. Regardless of the type of model, the modelling process consists of four categories of activities, namely construction, study, verification, and use, referred to as the iteration process. In linguistics, the widespread use of the modelling method is associated with the emergence of mathematical linguistics in the 1950s and 1960s, although the term “model” was introduced by Z. Harris in 1944. Linguistic modelling has its own specific features. A linguistic model is both an artificially created construct that reproduces the properties of the phenomenon under study and a scheme that has the property of reproducibility. Practical implications. The construction of a linguistic model is not only one of the means of reflecting linguistic phenomena, but also an objective criterion for verifying the truth of language knowledge. Value/originality. The effectiveness of the modelling method, which creates opportunities for deeper knowledge of the studied objects, phenomena, and processes, encourages linguists to develop a variety of linguistic models that could solve practical problems of linguistics, namely, information retrieval, machine translation, natural language comprehension, extraction and localization of knowledge from the text, etc.
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Pokojski, Jerzy, Lech Knap, and Michał Trojgo. "Concept of an Assisting Tool in the Design and Development Process of a Product with the CPS – Case Study." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde190112.
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The work concerns the concept of assisting software supporting the design process of a selected class of the CPS (Cyber-Physical System) – a tractor drive system. The task was carried out in a process-oriented convention. The paper presents the characteristics of individual stages of the design task – the design of the tractor transmission electronic unit treated as a design case. To the classic substantive-model-staged narration, the characteristics of existing, acquired, developed and used personal knowledge of designers have been added. Attention was paid to the process, product models, requirements and constraints, aspects of analysis and synthesis, automation tools, and wider contexts of particular issues. The material collected in terms of the personal knowledge served to create the concept of an assistive system for designers to improve the design process through more precise and problem-dedicated knowledge and design models management. The proposed concept is based on design knowledge modelling and can be applied in the design process of the CPS or its elements.
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Vallverdú, Jordi, and David Casacuberta. "Modelling Hardwired Synthetic Emotions." In Handbook of Research on Synthetic Emotions and Sociable Robotics, 460–71. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-354-8.ch023.
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During the previous stage of our research we developed a computer simulation (called ‘The Panic Room’ or, more simply, ‘TPR’) dealing with synthetic emotions. TPR was developed with Python code and led us to interesting results. With TPR, we were merely trying to design an artificial device able to learn from, and interact with, the world by using two basic information types: positive and negative. We were developing the first steps towards an evolutionary machine, defining the key elements involved in the development of complex actions (that is, creating a physical intuitive ontology, from a bottomup approach). After the successful initial results of TPR, we considered that it would be necessary to develop a new simulation (which we will call “TPR 2.0.”), more complex and with better visualisation characteristics. We have now developed a second version, TPR 2.0., using the programming language Processing, with new improvements such as: a better visual interface, a database which can record and also recall easily the information on all the paths inside the simulation (human and automatically generated ones) and, finally, a small memory capacity which is a next step in the evolution from simple hard-wired activities to self-learning by simple experience.
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Anderson, Raymond A. "Back-Door." In Credit Intelligence & Modelling, 365–404. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192844194.003.0010.
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The ‘back-door’ areas {Collections/Recoveries (C&R) and Fraud} deal with problem accounts, with greater modelling latitude. (1)Collections and Recoveries—manage late payments arising from a variety of factors, whether consumer or business loans. Reasons may be genuine, or not—and collectors can be well versed in the tactics. Collections deals with early delinquencies with a goal to maintain the customer relationship; Recoveries, late delinquency where the relationship may be terminated. (2)Fraud—guards against and pursues cheats at the gambling table. Fraud types vary by i) relationship to account {1st-, 2nd-, 3rd-party}; ii) misrepresentation {embellishment, social engineering, identity theft and synthetics &c}; iii) whether the victim was conned into a voluntary transaction {authorized, unauthorized}. Various countermeasures can be used, whether manual/physical or online/electronic. In recent times, biometrics and multi-factor identification have become the norm. So too have analytical methods, whether to highlight high-risk individuals/transactions or abnormal patterns.
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Van Miert, Sabine, Jan Creylman, and Geert R. Verheyen. "Mining a Nanoparticle Dataset, Compiled Within the MODENA-COST Action." In Research Anthology on Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Nanomaterials, 1706–24. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8591-7.ch071.
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Engineered nanomaterials (ENM) have new or enhanced physico-chemical properties compared to their micron-sized counterparts, but may also have an increased toxic potential. Animal and in vitro testing are typically employed to investigate the toxic effects of (nano)materials. The sheer number of ENMs and their physico-chemical parameters make it impossible to only use in vivo and in vitro testing, and modelling technologies are also deployed to find relationships between ENM parameters and toxicity. A heterogenous dataset containing information on 192 nanoparticle endpoints was compiled within the MODENA COST-Action consortium. Here, the available data was mined to identify relationships between nanoparticle properties and cell-death as measured with four cytotoxicity assays. ANOVA, collinearity analyses and classification and regression trees gave indications on potential relations between the NP-properties and toxicity, but could not deliver a robust model. More information and datapoints are necessary to build well-validated models.
Conference papers on the topic "Physical modelling synthesis"
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Puranik, Ninad Vijay, and Gary P. Scavone. "Physical modelling synthesis of a harmonium." In Fourth Vienna Talk on Music Acoustics. ASA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/2.0001679.
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Junco, S. J. "Bond Graphs: An Engineering Tool For Integrated Modeling, Analysis, Diagnosis And Controller Synthesis Of Physical Systems." In 20th Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2006-0121.
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Gambini, Francesco, Massimo Conti, Simone Orcioni, Franco Ripa, and Marco Caldari. "Physical modelling in SystemC-WMS and real time synthesis of electric guitar effects." In 2007 Fifth Workshop on Intelligent Solutions in Embedded Systems. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wises.2007.4408493.
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Panks, Andrew J., Michael J. Howes, and Christopher M. Snowden. "The synthesis of microwave and MM-wave transistor oscillators based on physical modelling." In 25th European Microwave Conference, 1995. IEEE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/euma.1995.337161.
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Starostin, Igor E., Sergey P. Khalyutin, Alexei V. Altoukhov, and Albert O. Davidov. "Parallelization Applied to the Synthesis Methodology and Operation of Complex Systems Based on the Analysis and Modelling of their Physical and Chemical Processes." In 2020 1st International Conference Problems of Informatics, Electronics, and Radio Engineering (PIERE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piere51041.2020.9314638.
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Mukti, Muhammad Hary, Rachel Jean Pawling, and David Andrews. "The Network Block Approach Applied to the Initial Design of Submarine Distributed Ship Service Systems." In SNAME 14th International Marine Design Conference. SNAME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/imdc-2022-249.
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The paper follows on from a recent IJME paper and summarises a new early stage ship design approach. This is termed the Network Block approach and merges the advantages of the UCL 3D physically based ship synthesis Design Building Block (DBB) approach and the Virginia Tech originated Architecture Flow Optimisation (AFO) method for distributed ship service systems (DS3). The approach has been applied to submarine DS3 design and utilises Qinetiq’s Paramarine CASD suite features and various frameworks. The proposed Network Block approach enables the development of a submarine concept design to different levels of granularities. These range from modelling individual spaces to locating various DS3 components and routings. The proposed approach also enables the designer to balance the energy demands of a set of distributed systems. This is done by performing a steady-state flow simulation and visualising the complexity of the submarine DS3 in a 3D multiplex network configuration. The potential benefits and limitations from such a 3D based physical and network synthesis are presented. The paper concludes with a discussion of the Network Block approach comparing it to previous applications of network theory which have been to surface ship design. It concludes that it would be possible to better estimate DS3 weight and space inputs to early stage submarine design and also enable radical submarine configurations and DS3 options to be reflected in early stage submarine design for better concept exploration and requirement elucidation. Finally, further work on the sensitivity of the approach to designer inputs will be addressed in future papers.
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Lindborg, PerMagnus. "Feeling Loki's Pain: Designing and Evaluating a DIY 3D Auditory Display for Geodata Sonification." In ICAD 2021: The 26th International Conference on Auditory Display. icad.org: International Community for Auditory Display, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21785/icad2021.004.
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Loki’s Pain is an immersive 3D audio installation artwork, a sonification of seismic activity. Visitors take the place of Loki, who was punished by the gods and caused earthquakes. We designed an auditory display in the shape of a hemi-dodecahedron and built a prototype with a low-budget, DIY approach. Seismic data were retrieved from the Internet. Location, magnitude, and epicentre depth of hundreds of recent earthquakes were sonified with physical modelling synthesis into a 10-minute piece. The visitor experience was evaluated in a listening experiment (N = 7), comparing the installation with a version for headphones. Differences on eight semantic scales were small. A content analysis of focus group discussions nuanced the investigated topics, and qualitative interpretation strengthened the quantitative findings. Verbal expressions of immersivity were stronger in the installation, which stimulated longer and more detailed responses. Aspects such as audio quality, the structure's physical-visual shape, and multisensorial design evoked both positive and negative emotions, and elicited imagination and memory recall. However, the assumed capacity of the LOKI structure to stimulate a richer social experience than that of headphone listening was not supported by the responses in this study.
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Coules, Harry, Christopher Simpson, and Mahmoud Mostafavi. "Combining Weld Residual Stress Predictions and Measurement for Use in Probabilistic Structural Integrity Assessments." In ASME 2022 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84741.
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Abstract The use of residual stress information in probabilistic fracture assessments is hindered by difficulties in the quantification of uncertainty. At the same time, it is often necessary to consider residual stress data derived via two or more independent methods in an assessment: typically from a model of the process which introduced the stress, and from a direct physical measurement. The uncertainty in single weld process models is difficult to quantify and is strongly dependent on the process being modelled, the material constitutive behaviour assumed, and so on. Likewise, most experimental techniques for measuring deep residual stresses on welded metallic components, including relaxation methods such as Deep Hole Drilling and diffraction-based methods, also have multiple physical sources of uncertainty associated with them. This makes the uncertainty associated with single measurements difficult to estimate reliably. We explore the use of inverse-variance weighting to combine such datasets through “characteristic” uncertainties derived from prior round robin studies, and we use data from the NeT TG4 residual stress measurement and modelling round robin to illustrate this approach. Although it requires some significant simplifications, it allows convenient synthesis of residual stress data while gaining more realistic uncertainty estimates than are typically available from single measurements. This is significant because straightforward yet robust uncertainty estimates will be key for enabling future structural integrity assessment methodologies.
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Manion, Charles A., and Mark Fuge. "Potential Energy Surfaces for Conceptual Design and Analysis of Mechanical Systems." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-70921.
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Abstract Current computational Design Synthesis approaches have had trouble generating components with higher kinematic pairs and have instead relied on libraries of predefined components. However, higher kinematic pairs are ubiquitous in many mechanical devices such as ratchets, latches, locks, trigger mechanisms, clock escapements, and materials handling systems. In many cases there is a need to synthesize new higher kinematic pair devices. To address this problem, we develop a new representation for mechanical systems that extends the capabilities of configuration spaces to consider arbitrary energy storing mechanical devices. The key idea underlying this representation is the use of potential energy surfaces as a generalization of configuration spaces. This generalization enables modelling of mechanical systems in a physics independent manner and captures behaviors such as dynamics. By modeling a device through the lens of a potential energy surface, we demonstrate that differentiable simulation is possible. Differentiable simulation enables efficient calculation of gradients of potential energy surface parameters with respect to an objective function that depends on trajectories taken on the potential energy surface. This allows synthesis of mechanical devices with desired kinematic and dynamic behavior through gradient descent. We demonstrate this through several synthesis examples including positioning devices (e.g., a funnel) and timing devices (e.g., an oscillator).
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Di Domenico, Massimiliano, Peter Kutne, Clemens Naumann, Juergen Herzler, Rajesh Sadanandan, Michael Stoehr, Berthold Noll, and Manfred Aigner. "Numerical and Experimental Investigation of a Semi-Technical Scale Burner Employing Model Synthetic Fuels." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59308.
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In this paper the development and the application of a numerical code suited for the simulation of gas-turbine combustion chambers is presented. In order to obtain an accurate and flexible framework, a finite-rate chemistry model is implemented, and transport equations for all species and enthalpy are solved. An assumed PDF approach takes effects of temperature and species turbulent fluctuations on the chemistry source term into account. In order to increase code stability and to overcome numerical stiffness due to the large-varying chemical kinetics timescales, an implicit and fully-coupled treatment of the species transport equations is chosen. Low-Mach number flow equations and k-ε turbulence model complete the framework, and make the code able to describe the most important physical phenomena which take place in gas-turbine combustion chambers. In order to validate the numerical simulations, experimental measurements are carried out on a generic non-premixed swirl-flame combustor, fuelled with syngas-air mixtures and studied using optical diagnostic techniques. The combustor is operated at atmospheric and high-pressure conditions with simulated syngas mixtures consisting of H2, N2, CH4, CO. The combustor is housed in an optically-accessible combustion chamber to facilitate the application of chemiluminescence imaging of OH* and planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of the OH-radical. To investigate the velocity field, particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used. The OH* chemiluminescence imaging is used to visualise the shape of the flame zone and the region of heat release. The OH-PLIF is used to identify reaction zones and regions of burnt gas. The fuel composition is modelled after a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas, which can result after gasification of lignite followed by a CO shift reaction and a sequestration of CO2. Actual gas compositions and boundary conditions are chosen so that it is possible to outline differences and similarities among fuels, and at the same time conclusions about flame stability and combustion efficiency can be drawn. A comparison between experimental and numerical data is presented, and main strengths and deficiencies of the numerical modelling are discussed.
Reports on the topic "Physical modelling synthesis"
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Corriveau, L., J. F. Montreuil, O. Blein, E. Potter, M. Ansari, J. Craven, R. Enkin, et al. Metasomatic iron and alkali calcic (MIAC) system frameworks: a TGI-6 task force to help de-risk exploration for IOCG, IOA and affiliated primary critical metal deposits. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329093.
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Australia's and China's resources (e.g. Olympic Dam Cu-U-Au-Ag and Bayan Obo REE deposits) highlight how discovery and mining of iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG), iron oxide±apatite (IOA) and affiliated primary critical metal deposits in metasomatic iron and alkali-calcic (MIAC) mineral systems can secure a long-term supply of critical metals for Canada and its partners. In Canada, MIAC systems comprise a wide range of undeveloped primary critical metal deposits (e.g. NWT NICO Au-Co-Bi-Cu and Québec HREE-rich Josette deposits). Underexplored settings are parts of metallogenic belts that extend into Australia and the USA. Some settings, such as the Camsell River district explored by the Dene First Nations in the NWT, have infrastructures and 100s of km of historic drill cores. Yet vocabularies for mapping MIAC systems are scanty. Ability to identify metasomatic vectors to ore is fledging. Deposit models based on host rock types, structural controls or metal associations underpin the identification of MIAC-affinities, assessment of systems' full mineral potential and development of robust mineral exploration strategies. This workshop presentation reviews public geoscience research and tools developed by the Targeted Geoscience Initiative to establish the MIAC frameworks of prospective Canadian settings and global mining districts and help de-risk exploration for IOCG, IOA and affiliated primary critical metal deposits. The knowledge also supports fundamental research, environmental baseline assessment and societal decisions. It fulfills objectives of the Canadian Mineral and Metal Plan and the Critical Mineral Mapping Initiative among others. The GSC-led MIAC research team comprises members of the academic, private and public sectors from Canada, Australia, Europe, USA, China and Dene First Nations. The team's novel alteration mapping protocols, geological, mineralogical, geochemical and geophysical framework tools, and holistic mineral systems and petrophysics models mitigate and solve some of the exploration and geosciences challenges posed by the intricacies of MIAC systems. The group pioneers the use of discriminant alteration diagrams and barcodes, the assembly of a vocab for mapping and core logging, and the provision of field short courses, atlas, photo collections and system-scale field, geochemical, rock physical properties and geophysical datasets are in progress to synthesize shared signatures of Canadian settings and global MIAC mining districts. Research on a metamorphosed MIAC system and metamorphic phase equilibria modelling of alteration facies will provide a foundation for framework mapping and exploration of high-grade metamorphic terranes where surface and near surface resources are still to be discovered and mined as are those of non-metamorphosed MIAC systems.