Relevant bibliographies by topics / Physical Geography 3

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Physical Geography 3'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Physical Geography 3.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Physical Geography 3"

1

Rose, Gregory S. "Physical geography." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 55, no. 11 (November 1991): 3486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(91)90511-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Martin, Ron. "Reality, Realism and Physical Geography." Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 24, no. 2 (June 1999): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0020-2754.1999.t01-3-00227.x.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Ferguson, Rob. "Computer simulation in physical geography(2nd edn)." Applied Geography 14, no. 3 (July 1994): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-6228(94)90049-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Rifai, Muh Husyain. "Geography." International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences 1, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51601/ijersc.v1i1.6.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The purpose of this study is to find out about the availability of learning media, including 1) Type, 2) Amount, and 3) Conditions. The research carried out is descriptive research with research data is quantitative data. The study was conducted in 23 high schools in Karanganyar Regency. The population in this study were all high school geography teachers and high school students of class X, XI Social Program and XII Social Program in Karanganyar Regency, which consisted of 17 state high schools and 6 private high schools. The high school which was used as the research subject was determined by proportional random sampling technique to obtain 13 high schools. Futhermore, the samples of teachers and students was determined by purposive sampling, where in each school took 1 teacher respondent and 6 students, so the total sample of teachers was 13 people and students were 78 people. The technique of collecting data in the study uses questionnaire, interview and observation methods. The analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis. In summary, from this research found the data condition of geography learning media of high school in Karanganyar Regency in 2016 were obtained, including; 1) The most types of media are Atlas, Pictures, Globe, Maps, Slide Powerpoint, and Computer / Laptop devices, 2) The number of media is classified as medium or available in every media in the school, and 3) The condition of the media is classified as poorly maintained for physical media and is very well maintained for media based on Digital Information Technology.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Fu, Bo-Jie, Yi-He Lu, Li-Ding Chen, and Jimmy Li. "Progress and prospects of integrated physical geography in China." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 30, no. 5 (October 2006): 659–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133306071900.

Full text
Abstract:
There are rich legacies of geographical knowledge in China. However, geography as an independent branch of science was established in the country no earlier than the beginning of the twentieth century. Since 1950s, integrated physical geography as a subdiscipline of physical geography in China has made major theoretical and methodological progress in the areas of physical geographical regionalization, land studies, and the studies of man-nature interactions. Despite this, the discipline as a whole still faces tremendous challenges from the fast changing society in China and scientific advancement in the twenty-first century. The following aims need to be emphasized in order to promote the future development of integrated physical geography: (1) to strengthen long-term monitoring, experiments, surveys and simulations; (2) to improve research on the interactions between geographical patterns and processes; (3) to enhance integrated research on global change effects and regional geographical regimes; and (4) to facilitate the incorporation of the theories and methods of human geography into integrated physical geographical research.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Knowles, Anne Kelly. "A Case for Teaching Geographic Visualization without GIS." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 36 (June 1, 2000): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp36.823.

Full text
Abstract:
This article argues for the value of teaching geographic visualization to non-geography majors by having them make maps manually, using punched mylar, colored pencils, and light tables instead of computerbased geographic information systems or mapping programs. The essay contrasts the experiences of attempting to teach principles of geographic visualization using ArcView GIS in an introductory human geography course and using manual methods in an upper-level research methods course in history. Several conclusions emerge: (1) using manual methods to visualize spatial information quickly gets students thinking geographically; (2) the ease of learning the fundamental concepts and techniques of geographic visualization using manual methods makes it possible to integrate visualization into courses outside the discipline of geography; (3) geographic visualization can tremendously enrich the study of history, prompting students to think in ways they might not otherwise; and (4) teaching visualization with mylar has distinct advantages for history courses because physical map layers reinforce the notion that places are palimpsests of change. Manual methods make it possible to teach geographic visualization at colleges and universities that have no geography department or GIS courses. Their use should be encouraged as an adaptable, inexpensive, effective way to promote geographic learning and geographic literacy in U.S. higher education.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Cloudsley, Tim. "Society and Nature: Socialist perspectives on the relationship between human and physical geography." Journal of Arid Environments 9, no. 1 (July 1985): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-1963(18)31278-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Alexander, David. "A review of the physical geography of malta and its significance for tectonic geomorphology." Quaternary Science Reviews 7, no. 1 (January 1988): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(88)90092-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Apriani, Rezita, and Rahmanelli Rahmanelli. "Environmental Utilization as Learning Resource by Geography Teacher to Apply Religius Characteristic in Public High School (SMAN) Lombok Timur." Sumatra Journal of Disaster, Geography and Geography Education 2, no. 1 (June 6, 2018): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/sjdgge.v2i1.125.

Full text
Abstract:
This study is purposed to obtain objective data about environmental availability as a learning source and its relevance to Core Competency (KI) and Basic Competency (KD) of public senior high school (SMAN) in East Lombok; the use of environment as a learning source by geography teachers to shape religious characters and to know teacher barriers in using environment as a learning source, and also to determine priority of directive policy in utilizing environment as a learning source in geography subject at SMAN East Lombok. Type of research was qualitative research. Data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis consisted of data reduction, data presentation, verification, and ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling). This study found out that: (1) in aspect of environmental availability as a learning source, physical and non physical environment are available to be used as a learning resource and it is relevant to KI and KD in SMAN East Lombok. (2) In utilization aspect, the form of physical and non physical utilization in religious characteristic application at school has been exploited by geography teacher to form religious character. However, environmental utilization outside the school is not optimal, because of the obstacles. (3) Constraints that teacher encounter are to coordinate students, infrastructure, to make plan, to understand parties that involved such as parent and family consent, to analyze the availability in the development of learning resources. (4) Policy priority that arise in utilizing the environment as a source of geography learning is improving skill development of geographic teacher implementation in collaboration with other offices and schools; structural planning by geography teachers to utilize the environment as a learning source and established a committee to explore the availability; analyzing condition and availability in the development of learning resources.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

van Haperen, Sander, Justus Uitermark, and Alex van der Zeeuw. "MEDIATED INTERACTION RITUALS: A GEOGRAPHY OF EVERYDAY LIFE AND CONTENTION IN BLACK LIVES MATTER*." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 25, no. 3 (September 2, 2020): 295–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/1086-671x-25-3-295.

Full text
Abstract:
The Movement for Black Lives has connected millions of people online. How are their outrage and hope mediated through social media? To address this question, this article extends Randall Collins’s Interaction Ritual Theory to social media. Employing semisupervised image recognition methods on a million Instagram posts with the hashtag #blacklivesmatter, we identify four different interaction ritual types, each with distinct geographies. Instagram posts featuring interactions with physical copresence are concentrated in urban areas. We identify two different types of such areas: arenas where contention plays out and milieus where movement identities are affirmed. Instagram posts that do not feature physical copresence are more geographically dispersed. These posts, including memes and selfies, allow people to engage with the movement even when they are not embedded in activist environments. Our analysis helps to understand how different forms of engagement are embedded in particular places and connected through the circulation of social media posts.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Physical Geography 3"

1

Rees, Andrew Ronald. "On the 3-D reconstruction of Paleozoic and Mesozoic paleobotanical problematica." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4341/.

Full text
Abstract:
Detailed descriptions of 3-D anatomically preserved specimens in paleobotany have been undertaken for over 100 years. Some of the most comprehensively characterised of these specimens are reproductive structures, especially cones and ovules. Throughout this time many of the ways of gaining information such specimens has remained static. In recent years new computer software and techniques have been developed that allow detailed 3- D computer reconstructions to be undertaken that allow holistic observations of the context of the whole organ. Detailed 3-D reconstructions have been undertaken of several genera of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic paleobotanical reproductive organs. These complex structures have undergone traditional preparation, such as serial sectioning, preparation specifically for reconstruction such as serial grinding and non-destructive scanning micro X-ray tomography. Reconstructions were then produced in bespoke software, Serial Paleontological Image Editing and Rendering System (SPIERS). The reconstructions produced provide a new understanding to the structure and functions of tissues within paleobotanical reproductive specimens. For the first time, specimens of extinct and extant genera have been compared using new reconstruction techniques in order to aid in the future understanding of their evolution and development, and to aid visualisation of complex structures for which illustrations in 2-D form are inadequate.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Jibrin, Babangida. "Relations between fault surface morphology and volume structure : 3-D seismic attribute analysis deepwater Niger Delta fold and thrust belt." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3293/.

Full text
Abstract:
Studies have shown that faults exhibit complex geometries that are often highly simplified and cross sections may not be sufficient to highlight the spatial variation of fault surface topography and the complex relationship with the wall rock. The main contributions of this thesis to structural geology are novel methods for investigating links between fault shape and wall rock structure. Curvature plots of sixteen faults show that thrust faults in deepwater Niger Delta exhibit corrugations on a range of wavelength and amplitude. The corrugations are characterized by large-scale anticlastic and synclastic geometries parallel to fault transport direction. The structure of the volumes in the immediate vicinity of the faults was investigated using slices of seismic attribute data sampled parallel and adjacent to thirteen faults. In half of the faults the hanging wall is more disrupted than the footwall, while in the other half the footwall is more disrupted than the hanging wall, implying that thrust zones exhibit complex geometries that existing models have yet to address. In addition, disruptions near fault surfaces may be related to discrete zones of intense fault surface maximum curvature, anomalous surface gradient and change in pattern of anticlastic and synclastic fault Gaussian surface curvature in the fault transport direction. No significant wall rock disruption was observed where fault surface curvature is planar.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Susino, George James. "Microdebitage and the Archaeology of Rock Art: an experimental approach." University of Sydney. School of Geosciences, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/606.

Full text
Abstract:
The search for a reliable and non-invasive technique for the dating of rock art has produced an array of different, localised, and limited techniques. This is one of them. Still in its experimental stage, the recognition of quartz microdebitage produced by the pecking of engravings is the aim of this project. This investigation aims to establish whether microdebitage from rock engravings can be distinguished from other sediments. Analysis of microdebitage from rock engraving experiments was used to determine the difference between experimental and naturally derived particles. This research discusses methodology, and applications for the recognition of quartz grain features, derived from experimental and natural material from Mutawintji National Park (Broken Hill, NSW, Australia) and the Sydney region (NSW Australia). A three-step process was devised for this research: What features occur on non-cultural quartz grains? What features occur on rock engraving quartz grains? Are they different? Can rock engraving quartz microdebitage be identified under natural conditions? Microdebitage from rock engravings was examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy to identify diagnostic attributes, with the objective of assessing the potential of microdebitage for spatial and temporal archaeological investigation. Characteristics of the quartz grains in the microdebitage were compared with quartz from differing environments. The observation of diagnostic features on quartz grains made it possible to discriminate between microdebitage from rock engravings and the natural soil background. This knowledge may be applied to excavated material from archaeological sites, for identifying episodes of rock engraving and other lithic activity in temporal relation to other evidence of cultural activity.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Books on the topic "Physical Geography 3"

1

Mezősi, Gábor. The Physical Geography of Hungary. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45183-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Salgado, André Augusto Rodrigues, Leonardo José Cordeiro Santos, and Julio César Paisani, eds. The Physical Geography of Brazil. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04333-9.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Yembuu, Batchuluun, ed. The Physical Geography of Mongolia. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61434-8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Sien, Chia Lin, ed. Proceedings of the Conference on the Biophysical Environment of Singapore and its Neighbouring Countries, 3-5 May 1985, Singapore. [Singapore]: Geography Teachers' Association of Singapore, 1986.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Lave, Rebecca, Christine Biermann, and Stuart N. Lane, eds. The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Physical Geography. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71461-5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Marfunin, Arnold S. Advanced Mineralogy: Volume 3: Mineral Matter in Space, Mantle, Ocean Floor, Biosphere, Environmental Management, and Jewelry. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Kokhanovsky, Alex A. Light Scattering Reviews 3: Light Scattering and Reflection. Berlin, Heidelberg: Praxis Publishing Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2008.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Spencer, Anthony M. Generation, Accumulation and Production of Europe's Hydrocarbons III: Special Publication of the European Association of Petroleum Geoscientists No. 3. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Lucia, Masotti, ed. Il paesaggio dei tecnici: Attualità della cartografia storica per il governo delle acque : atti del Convegno internazionale, Bologna, Università degli studi di Bologna, Plesso di San Giovanni in Monte, 3 aprile 2008, Cremona, Museo civico, Ala Ponzone, 4 aprile 2008. Venezia: Marsilio, 2010.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Flint, David. The United Kingdom. Hemel Hempstead: Macdonald Young Books, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Physical Geography 3"

1

Wang, Wen-Xiong, and Philip S. Rainbow. "Physical Geography." In Estuaries of the World, 5–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61834-9_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Raitz, Karl B., Richard Ulack, and Thomas R. Leinbach. "Appalachia's Physical Geography." In Appalachia A Regional Geography, 39–86. 1. Appalachian Region—Historical geography. 2. Appalachian Region—Economic conditions. 3. Appalachian Region—Social conditions. 4. Appalachian Region—Description and travel. I. Ulack, Richard, 1942- . II. Leinbach, Thomas R., 1941- III. Title.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429048302-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Holden, Joseph. "Atmosphere, oceans, climate and weather." In Physical Geography, 45–75. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003124405-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Lave, Rebecca, Christine Biermann, and Stuart N. Lane. "Introducing Critical Physical Geography." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Physical Geography, 3–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71461-5_1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Borsdorf, Axel, and Christoph Stadel. "Factors, Processes and Spaces of Physical Geography." In Springer Geography, 31–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03530-7_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Cunha, Lúcio. "(Physical) Geography and Environmental Issues in Portugal." In Springer Geography, 105–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49464-3_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Iriondo, Martina H., and Aldo R. Paira. "Physical Geography of the Basin." In The Middle Paraná River, 7–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70624-3_1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Sha, Yongjie, Jiang Wu, Yan Ji, Sara Li Ting Chan, and Wei Qi Lim. "Lingang New City: Physical Development Is Inseparable from Urban Life." In Springer Geography, 135–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54203-9_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Hipp, J. Aaron, Deepti Adlakha, Amy A. Eyler, Rebecca Gernes, Agata Kargol, Abigail H. Stylianou, and Robert Pless. "Learning from Outdoor Webcams: Surveillance of Physical Activity Across Environments." In Springer Geography, 471–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40902-3_26.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Yembuu, Batchuluun, and Dash Doljin. "Historical Geography: Administrative Division and Research in Physical Geography of Mongolia." In The Physical Geography of Mongolia, 9–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61434-8_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Physical Geography 3"

1

Zuczek, Patricia, Chuntao Deng, Jim Mihell, and Keith Adams. "An Overland-Hydrographical Spill Model and Its Application to Pipeline Consequence Modeling." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64389.

Full text
Abstract:
Hazardous liquid transmission via large diameter pipelines relies on the integrity of the pipeline system. An accidental loss of containment at any point along the pipeline can result in widely ranging environmental impacts depending on local geography, as well as design and operational parameters. Instead of “Rule of Thumb”, a state-of-the-art consequence assessment may require a robust and comprehensive computer tool to effectively prioritize areas for maintenance and mitigation, as well as to develop an appropriate spill response plan. An approach for quantifying the consequences associated with a liquid spill has been developed and described. The results are used in a consequence analysis by computing the estimated costs for response and environmental damage based on the outflow volumes and environmental factors. This is further incorporated into a risk analysis to provide an illustration of the probability and severity of a failure along the pipeline. The final results may be used as an aid in response training, contingency planning, and prevention and mitigation strategies. The basis of the consequence analysis is a transient three-dimensional (3-D) overland-hydrographical spill simulation package, which has been developed to model the trajectory of a liquid spill. The spill simulation package is an in-house VBA extension of ArcGIS™ that uses a digital elevation model to determine the flow path of a spill. The spill model includes three modules: the oil trajectory simulation module, which predicts pooling and the primary direction of oil spreading; the physical module, which determines the transient rate of spreading and pooling, the depth of infiltration into soil, the width of the lateral spread and other parameters that are concerned; and a module that detects the boundaries of land/water transitions. A description is provided of the procedures that were established to programmatically plot the extent of the impact in ArcGIS™. In addition, a hydrographical flow model is described which determines the amount of contaminant entering any stationary or non-stationary water bodies that may intersect with the spill and which displays the potential impact area over the water within the emergency response time. The paper outlines how the spill simulation package is integrated with a cost analysis module, which is applied to determine the estimated clean-up costs for the contaminated area on land and water. An illustration is provided as to how an iterative calculation procedure can be set up to model spill consequences at each potential failure site along the pipe centerline. Using this procedure, high consequence pipe segments are identified and highlighted and are overlaid on the GIS map to identify those areas where a spill will have the greatest impact. This enables the development of a quantitative consequence profile which may then be used as part of a quantitative risk assessment and/or to aid in proactive engineering design, maintenance, mitigation and response optimization.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Green, David, Sulaiman Al Rashad, Paul Knight, and Nicolo Cammelli. "A 21th century national ordinance. Planning the physical disposition and use distribution of a Nation." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/elok5289.

Full text
Abstract:
This paper outlines the implementation of a National Ordinance across the country of Kuwait. The ordinance is a platform that is based on a seximal system of measurement for spatial and data driven planning. This system simultaneously provides a spatial framework for optimized connectivity as well as an analytical platform for projecting and tracking development across an entire nation. The national master plan for the country of Kuwait, the Fourth Kuwait Master Plan 2040, utilizes a National Ordinance that serves as the planning and development platform for the country. The ordinance is based on the Land Ordinance of 1785, Jefferson’s plan for most of the United States, however, it is restructured to address changes in context, technology and operation. In this case the Ordinance provides parallel Geographic Information Systems for both spatial implementation and data analytics. The intention is to use the Ordinance to address the difficulty in planning for the future of a complex system such as an entire country. This paper provides 1) a brief introduction to the idea of an Ordinance, 2) the historical context for the idea of a national planning platform, or ordinance, 3) historic examples and analyses, 4) the underlying concepts and methodology for the proposed ordinance, and 5) a detailed analysis of the proposed Kuwait National Ordinance.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Lee, Ming-Chun. "Case study on emerging trends in geospatial technologies for study of urban form." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5974.

Full text
Abstract:
Geographic Information System (GIS) has been used to study urban form over the past decades. It is particularly useful to measure quantitative variables of urban form, such as density, clustering, proximity, accessibility, etc. Overall, GIS has been an effective tool for researchers in the field. However, GIS as its own field has continued to evolve in a rapid pace. Recent development in the area of geospatial technologies offers new possibilities with new toolsets for spatial analysis and data visualization. This paper traces recent major trends in GIS and discusses their implications to the field of urban form study. These trends include the following: 1) Increase in dimensions with 3D GIS: conventional 2D maps are being replaced by interactive 3D models generated by procedural rules stored in GIS. Along with locations and associated attributes, vertical elevation and architectural details are also represented. 2) Integration with remote sensing: remote sensing not only enables 3D visualization with imagery processing but also provides other spatial information to create meaningful analysis results. For instance, LiDAR point-cloud data allow extraction of built forms and identification of physical features and land covers. 3) Cloud-based GIS: web-based GIS services allow centralized access to location-based information. Yet through distributed mobile platforms, real-time data collection, sharing, and collaboration are done seamlessly in the cloud. 4) Integration with virtual reality: virtual reality creates immersive experiences with a perception of being physically present in a non-physical world. GIS can greatly enhance the accuracy and realism of virtual scenes with up-to-date terrain models, street networks, and 3D features. This paper identifies best practices from two recent projects in North America. It then discusses an on-going project and demonstrates the potentials of these new emerging GIS tools for study of urban form.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Liao, Mengyuan, Umaru Semo Ishiaku, Zainal Arifin Mohd Ishak, Guijun Xian, and Hiroyuki Hamada. "Environmental Durability of Natural Fiber Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composite." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63415.

Full text
Abstract:
With an industrial increasing interest in sustainable, eco-efficient and green material’s application, natural fiber in polymer composite is guided to develop rapidly, especially kenaf nonwovens in making automotive interior trim parts with its comparative excellent strength and renewability. The objectives of this research are to investigate the environmental degradation behavior on the physical and mechanical properties of kenaf/unsaturated polyester nonwoven composites (KUNC) with special reference to the influence of different geographic natural climate ageing conditions. KUNC was prepared with needle-punched kenaf’s impregnation into unsaturated polyester resin assisted with vacuum oven following by hand lay-up molding. Natural environmental degradation was performed on KUNC by exposing the specimens to Kyoto(Japan), Shanghai(China) and Harbin(China) for a period of 3 months. Weight change and mechanical properties of degraded KUNCs in former three geographic positions in terms of tensile, flexural, impact and fracture toughness were measured instrumentally for ageing effect discussion and comparison. As expected, the aged specimens in those different positions all showed the dropped mechanical properties with weight increasing in varying degrees. Furthermore, the result of degradation level comparison among different positions revealed the positive correlation between increased weight percentages and dropped mechanical properties. In other words, dropped mechanical properties of the degraded composites with increasing weight were attributed to the effect of water, which deteriorates the interfacial properties of composites.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Iwamura, Kazuaki, Akira Mochizuki, Yoshiki Kakumoto, Eiji Toyama, and Shoei Takahashi. "Development of Spatial-Temporal Pipeline Integrity and Risk Management System Based on 4 Dimensional GIS (4D-GIS)." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64050.

Full text
Abstract:
A new type pipeline integrity and risk management system based on 4D-GIS (4Dimensional Geographic Information System) is proposed in this paper. 4D-GIS is a unique GIS platform which can manage 3D plus time change data and processes spatial-temporal pipeline integrity data effectively. The utilization purposes of the developed system are: 1) To understand the current/future physical status of pipeline, 2) To detect anomalies of pipelines and to propose solutions for replacing or repair, 3) To transport natural gas safely and stably. For 1), the methods for spatial-temporal data integration and data input are proposed. The developed system integrates a variety of pipeline integrity data sets such as pipeline maps, construction specification, documents, corrosion data, and cathodic protection voltage data. For 2), two new type diagnosis functions, which process integrated data, are proposed. One is the pipe safety diagnosis based on corrosion spreading prediction. The other one is insulation health diagnosis. For 3), stress distribution on corrosion and HCA (High Consequence Areas) is calculated. Thus, the system can be utilized for the decision making for pipeline-specific- problem solving by both pipeline operators and field pipeline managers. The processing results for realized functions are shown. Furthermore, the architecture of pipeline integrity and risk management system is described.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Leighty, William C., and John H. Holbrook. "Beyond Smart Grid: Alternatives for Transmission and Low-Cost Firming Storage of Stranded Renewables as Hydrogen and Ammonia Fuels via Underground Pipelines." In ASME 2011 Power Conference collocated with JSME ICOPE 2011. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2011-55267.

Full text
Abstract:
We must soon “run the world on renewables” but cannot, and should not try to, accomplish this entirely with electricity transmission. We need to supply all energy, not just electricity, from diverse renewable energy (RE) resources, both distributed and centralized, where the world’s richest RE resources — of large geographic extent and high intensity — are stranded: far from end-users with inadequate or nonexistent gathering and transmission systems to deliver the energy. Electricity energy storage cannot affordably firm large, intermittent renewables at annual scale, while carbon-free gaseous hydrogen (GH2) and liquid anhydrous ammonia (NH3) fuels can: GH2 in large solution-mined salt caverns, NH3 in surface tanks, both pressurized and refrigerated. “Smart Grid” is emerging as primarily a DSM (demand side management) strategy to encourage energy conservation. Making the electricity grid “smarter” does not: 1. Increase physical transmission capacity; 2. Provide affordable annual-scale firming storage for RE; 3. Solve grid integration problem for large, time-varying RE; 4. Alleviate NIMBY objections to new transmission siting; 5. Reduce the high O&M costs of overhead electric lines. The “smarter” grid may be more vulnerable to cyberattack. Adding storage, control, and quality adjunct devices to the electricity grid, to accommodate very high renewables content, may be technically and economically inferior to GH2 and NH3 RE systems. Thus, we need to look beyond “smart grid”, expanding our concept of “transmission”, to synergistically and simultaneously solve the transmission, firming storage, and RE integration “balancing” problems now severely constraining our progress toward “running the world on renewables”.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Ripley, Neil, Elisa Scordo, and Alex Baumgard. "A GIS-Based System to Assess the Environmental Consequence of a Liquid Pipeline Rupture at Watercourse Crossings." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90473.

Full text
Abstract:
BGC Engineering Inc. (BGC) was retained by a large pipeline operator to develop a GIS-based system to assess and rank the environmental consequence of a pipeline rupture on watercourse crossings within their pipeline system. Several physical, biological and socio-economic factors contribute to the environmental consequence of a pipeline rupture on a watercourse. This study examined select spatial and vulnerability factors, and did not consider biologic or economic impacts. Three factors were selected as part of the initial study to prioritize the pipeline watercourse crossings according to: (1) size of the watercourse at the pipeline crossing, (2) proximity of each individual crossing to larger downstream watercourses, and (3) pipeline liquid flow rate volume. A spatial analysis was conducted to determine the first two factors, while input for the third factor was provided by the pipeline operator. Watercourse size was determined using Strahler’s stream order classification (Strahler 1952), while proximity to larger downstream watercourses was assessed using a Geographic Information System (GIS). This paper presents an overview of the data sources and methods used to develop an initial screening tool for identifying high consequence crossings within a pipeline system, and highlights the challenges encountered with acquiring and processing data to include in a consequence rating system. As with other pipeline risk assessments, the main challenges of this work include data availability, data integrity and resource limitations. This system is intended to fit within the pipeline operator’s current geohazard integrity management program and direct resources for a multi-year baseline field inspection program.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Leighty, William C., and John H. Holbrook. "Running the World on Renewables: Alternatives for Transmission and Low-Cost Firming Storage of Stranded Renewables as Hydrogen and Ammonia Fuels via Underground Pipelines." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87097.

Full text
Abstract:
We must soon “run the world on renewables” but cannot, and should not try to, accomplish this entirely with electricity transmission. We need to supply all energy, not just electricity, from diverse renewable energy (RE) resources, both distributed and centralized, where the world’s richest RE resources — of large geographic extent and high intensity — are stranded: far from end-users with inadequate or nonexistent gathering and transmission systems to deliver the energy. Electricity energy storage cannot affordably firm large, intermittent renewables at annual scale, while carbon-free gaseous hydrogen (GH2) and liquid anhydrous ammonia (NH3) fuels can: GH2 in large solution-mined salt caverns, NH3 in surface tanks, both pressurized and refrigerated. “Smart Grid” is emerging as primarily a DSM (demand side management) strategy to encourage energy conservation. Making the electricity grid “smarter” does not: 1. Increase physical transmission capacity; 2. Provide affordable annual-scale firming storage for RE; 3. Solve grid integration problem for large, time-varying RE; 4. Alleviate NIMBY objections to new transmission siting; 5. Reduce the high O&M costs of overhead electric lines. The “smarter” grid may be more vulnerable to cyberattack. Adding storage, control, and quality adjunct devices to the electricity grid, to accommodate very high renewables content, may be technically and economically inferior to GH2 and NH3 RE systems. Thus, we need to look beyond “smart grid”, expanding our concept of “transmission”, to synergistically and simultaneously solve the transmission, firming storage, and RE integration “balancing” problems now severely constraining our progress toward “running the world on renewables”.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Nezhadmasoum, Sanaz, and Nevter Zafer Comert. "Historic-geographical and Typo-morphological assessment of Lefke town, North Cyprus." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6254.

Full text
Abstract:
Historic-geographical and Typo-morphological assessment of Lefke town, North Cyprus Sanaz Nezhadmasoum¹, Nevter Zafer Comert² Department of Architecture. Eastern Mediterranean University. Famagusta. North Cyprus.Via Mersin 10. Turkey E-mail: sanaz.nezhadmasoum@gmail.com, nzafer@gmail.com Keywords: Historic-geographic approach, Typo-morphology, Urban form, Lefke town Conference topics and scale: Urban morphological methods and techniques Morphological analysis in cities have been employed to conduct the research on the urban form and fabric of the place, that helps to determine the conservation plans or strategies of towns that reveal clues to their own history (Whithand,2001). Such analysis methods are a process that reviews the evolution and evaluation of towns throughout history. This paper focuses on, Conzen’s and Caniggia’s ideas, MRG Conzen’s historic-geographical approaches (1968) on planning level and Caniggia’s typo-morphological process (2001) on architectural level. Those methodologies help to understand the transformation procedure of different regions of city throughout the years and recovering how the city elements and urban hierarchy are interrelated. Additionally, the focus of this paper is to study the town’s morphological transformations, regarding its spatial, geographical and historical combinations. Within this context, Geographical and historical surveys done on the whole town of Lefke, in north-west Cyprus, and a detailed explanation on the typo-morphological analyses of some particular regions will be given in this article. One of the significant character that makes the town unique is its historical background which lay down with an organic urban pattern from Ottoman period. Lefke town was first formed with a medieval character, and through centuries of functional and physical transformations, has been highly influenced by British extensions, which were either prearranged modifications affected by socio- natural, economic, and political situations, or instinctive and spontaneous changes. All these historical factors, along with its geographical features, make Lefke an interesting case to be studied with an urban typo-morphological approach. References Caniggia G, Maffei G., 2001, Interpreing Basic building Architectural composition and building typology Alinea editrice, Firenze, Italy Cömert, N. Z., & Hoskara, S. O. (2013) ‘A typo-morphological study: the CMC industrial mass housing district, lefke, northern cyprus’, Open House International, 38(2), 16-30. Conzen, M. R. G. (1968) ‘The use of town plans in the study of urban history’, in Dyos, H. J. (ed.) The study of urban history (Edward Arnold, London) 113-30. Larkham, P. J. (2006) ‘The study of urban form in Great Britain’, Urban Morphology, 10(2), 117. Moudon, A. V. (1997) ‘Urban morphology as an emerging interdisciplinary field’, Urban morphology, 1(1), 3-10. Whitehand, J. W. (2001) ‘British urban morphology: the Conzenion tradition’, Urban Morphology, 5(2), 103-109.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Elkafrawy, Sameh, Sameh Elkafrawy, Akram Soliman, Akram Soliman, Mohamed Bek, and Mohamed Bek. "EVALUATING SHORELINE, URBAN AND ROADS CHANGES IN THE HURGHADA AREA, EGYPT, USING MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE IMAGES." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9422c50d28.22324330.

Full text
Abstract:
The rapid urban development in the Hurghada area since the 1980s has dramatically enhanced the potential impact of human activities. To inventory and monitor this urban development effectively, remote sensing provides a viable source of data from which updated land cover information can be extracted efficiently and cheaply. In this study, data from three satellite datasets, Landsat Thematic Mapper (Landsat 5 TM), Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (Landsat 7 ETM+) and Terra/Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), acquired during 1987, 2000 and 2005, respectively, were used to detect and evaluate Hurghada's urban expansion. Five change detection techniques were tested to detect areas of change. The techniques considered were image differencing, image ratioing, image overlay, multidate principal component analysis (PCA) and post-classification comparison. The post-classification comparison was found to be the most accurate procedure and produced three land use/land cover (LULC) maps of the years 1987, 2000 and 2005 with overall accuracies of 87.8%, 88.9% and 92.0%, respectively. The urban expansion analysis revealed that the built-up area has expanded by 40 km2 in 18 years (1987–2005). In addition, 4.5 km2 of landfill/sedimentation was added to the sea as a result of the coastal urban development and tourist activities. The booming coastal tourism and population pressure were considered to be the main factors driving this expansion, and some natural and artificial constraints constrained the physical shape of the city. The expansion is represented by urban fringe development, linear, infill and isolated models. Topography, lithology and structures were also analysed as possible factors that influenced the expansion. The understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of Hurghada's urban expansion is the cornerstone for formulating a view about the future urban uses and for making the best use of the limited resources that are available [1]. A Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) image of 1987 and a Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) image of 2000 were used to examine changes in land use/land cover (LULC) around Hurghada, Egypt, and changes in the composition of coral reefs offshore. Prior to coral reef bottom type classification, the radiance values were transformed to depth invariant bottom indices to reduce the effect of the water column. Subsequently, a multi component change detection procedure was applied to these indices to define changes. Preliminary results showed significant changes in LULC during the period 1987–2000 as well as changes in coral reef composition. Direct impacts along the coastline were clearly shown, but it was more difficult to link offshore changes in coral reef composition to indirect impacts of the changing LULC. Further research is needed to explore the effects of the different image processing steps, and to discover possible links between indirect impacts of LULC changes and changes in the coral reef composition [2]. Knowledge and detecting impacts of human activities on the coastal ecosystem is an essential management requirement and also very important for future and proper planning of coastal areas. Moreover, documentation of these impacts can help in increasing public awareness about side effects of unsustainable practices. Analysis of multidate remote sensing data can be used as an effective tool in environmental impact assessment (EIA). Being synoptic and frequent in coverage, multidate data from Landsat and other satellites provide a reference record and bird’s eye viewing to the environmental situation of the coastal ecosystem and the associated habitats. Furthermore, integration of satellite data with field observations and background information can help in decision if a certain activity has caused deterioration to a specific habitat or not. The present paper is an attempt to utilize remote sensing data for assessment impacts of some human activities on the major sensitive habitats of the north western Egyptian Red Sea coastal zone, definitely between Ras Gemsha and Safaga. Through multidate change analysis of Landsat data (TM & ETM+ sensors), it was possible to depict some of the human infringements in the area and to provide, in some cases, exclusive evidences for the damaging effect of some developmental activities [3]. The coastline of Hurghada has experienced considerable environmental stress from tourist and residential recreational activities. Uncontrolled tourist development has already caused substantial damage to inshore reefs and imbalance in the hydrodynamic pattern of the coastal sediments. The objective of this paper is to investigate environmental changes using multitemporal, multispectral satellite data to identify changes at Hurghada caused by anthropogenic influences. Major detected changes include resort beaches, protection structures and landfill areas; these changes are mainly due to human intervention. Two Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images acquired in 1984 and 1997 are used for this analysis. The landfill areas formed during this period are calculated at about 2.15 Km2 . Whilst landfill creates new inexpensive land and improves access to the sea for tourists, it is the cause of environmental problems. In addition, land-use/land-cover and beach changes are determined over the 13-year period [4]. The Red Sea coastal zone is characterized by its sensitive, fragile, unique natural resources and habitats. In the Hurghada coastal region, major changes in the tourism industry have taken place in the last few decades. The detection of environmental changes, in a selected site of the Red Sea coastal zone, will be helpful to protect and develop this coastal environment. A methodology for separating natural and man-made changes in satellite images was developed. It was based on the following assumptions: (1) slow changes, which occur within the range of the class reflectance, represent a natural change rather than an anthropogenic one; (2) natural changes tend to be in the same land-use/land-cover class in each date, i.e. slow changes in the reflectance, not leading to changes in the type of land-use/land-cover class from the master image to the destination one; and (3) rapid changes in the reflectance of the Earth's objects are usually related to anthropogenic activities. This technique is used to identify and assess changes along the coast of Hurghada and Ras Abu Soma, the Red Sea. Results indicate serious human impacts and the necessity for control measures and monitoring. Recommendations are presented [5]. The rapid urban development of the Hurghada area began in early 1980 to build villages and huge tourist resorts and this has continued urban development and subsequent land filling and dredging of the shoreline and the destruction of coral so far. These coastal developments have led to an increase in shoreline land filling and dredging. Despite all the environmental laws of the organization to reduce infringement on the shoreline, the abuses are still ongoing. Change detection analysis using remote sensing is a very good tool to monitor the changes condition in urban development and shoreline. Four sensors was used in this study, three of them are, Landsat Multispectral Scanner (Landsat 1 MSS), Landsat Thematic Mapper (Landsat 5 TM), Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (Landsat 7 ETM+) and the another one is SPOT XS 4 (Originally Système Probatoire de l’Observation de la Terre), acquired during 1972, 1984, 1992, 2004 and 2011, respectively, were used to detect and evaluate Hurghada’s urban expansion and shoreline changes. After the images have been geometrically, radio-metrically and atmospherically corrected using ENVI 5.0 software, the digital number was transformed to the reflectance values and the images were ready to change detection process with the integration of geographic information system using Arc GIS 10 software. The results show that changes during the 39 years of the shoreline is 6.29 km2, (5.65 km2 accretion and 0.64 km2 erosion) and urban development is 16.47 km2 the road network is the 8.738 km2.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Physical Geography 3' for particular source types:
Journal articles Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography