Dissertations / Theses: 'Physical exercise interventions'

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Oldervoll, Line Merethe. "Physical activity and exercise interventions in cancer patients." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1685.

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Dalton, Jane E. "Exploring the potential effectiveness of workplace exercise and physical activity interventions." Thesis, University of York, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411457.

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Antikainen, Iina E. "Investigating the Effectiveness of Physical Activity Interventions for Older Adults." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/kin_health_diss/9.

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Regular physical activity can help prevent chronic conditions and it is positively linked to health-related quality of life (United States Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS], 2000). Unfortunately, many older adults do not engage in leisure time activity (USDHHS, 2000); making it important to design and test physical activity interventions for this population. The purpose of this dissertation was to review the external validity of theory-based physical activity interventions and to examine the efficacy of a mail-based physical activity intervention. The review included 54 theory-based interventions and overall the studies focused on internal rather than external validity. The hypotheses of the experimental study were that the psychological mediators and physical activity participation would significantly increase among the treatment group as compared to the control group, and that the changes in the mediators would be related to the changes in activity levels. The intervention included 4 weekly stage-matched packages targeting population specific physical activity beliefs (Antikainen et al., 2009) and weekly phone calls to reassess stages of change. Physical activity participation, stages of change, and theory of planned behavior constructs were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Differences in activity levels and theory-based constructs were assessed with repeated measures mixed analysis of variance. Stage of change progression was examined with chi-square analysis. Measured variable path analysis was used to determine associations between the theory constructs, stages of change, and physical activity participation. The participants were 55 older adults, ages 54 to 96 years. Most of the participants were female, Black, and reported low levels of education and income. The treatment group reported statistically significantly greater physical activity after the intervention than the control group that reported lower levels of activity at follow-up. Although not statistically significant, there was a trend in SOC progression after the intervention in the treatment group. Finally, the integrated model was found to have a good fit at follow-up and perceived behavioral control emerged as a significant predictor of physical activity. This research provides important information for the design of physical activity interventions based upon the integrated framework for translation to community-based organizations.

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Adamson, Sarah, Laurie Block, Sarah Adamson, Chris Petrus, Maryam Shahnefried, and Susan Harris. "Effects of Exercise Interventions on Stereotypic Behaviors of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Irving K. Barber Learning Centre, UBC, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/94.

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Recorded by Eugene Barsky, Physiotherapy Outreach Librarian, UBC
This is a Systematic Review Presentation titled - "TEffects of Exercise Interventions on Stereotypic Behaviors of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder", created by Master of Physical Therapy Graduating Students, University of British Columbia - 2006, Presented on September 14-15, 2006 , Vancouver, BC, Canada

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Grisham, Daniel. "Interventions Targeting an Increase in Client Exercise and Healthy Eating Habits: A Systematic Review." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2543.

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Obesity is a major cause of all preventable deaths in the United States. Many health problems can develop due to obesity. Some of the problems that can develop are cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, certain types of cancer, osteoporosis and bone fractures, and dental diseases. The mean percentage of adults aged 20 and over who are overweight, including obesity is 71.6%. The mean prevalence of obesity in the US is 39.8% of adults in all age groups. The current review aims to systematically analyze ABA interventions that include an experimental intervention targeting an increase in exercise, healthy eating practices, or educational interventions targeting exercise or healthy eating in order to evaluate the efficacy of currently existing interventions and predict or suggest possible interventions to be conducted in the future. Secondly, this review attempted to emphasize the relative lack of ABA interventions directed toward increasing exercise and healthy eating in individuals with Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities. Methods of gathering, classifying, and organizing studies were discussed, as well as the criteria for inclusion or exclusion.

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Wang, Xingyue, and 王星月. "Diet and physical activity interventions to prevent excessive gestational weight gain : a systematic review." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206966.

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Background Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) poses significant risk for maternal and neonatal health. Various guidelines have recommended healthy diets and enhancing physical activity during pregnancy to prevent excessive GWG. However, results of intervention studies are inconsistent in the developed countries, and there are no official guidelines and few interventions for GWG in China. This paper aims to review and synthesize relevant studies on diet and physical activity interventions to prevent excessive GWG so that practical suggestions can be provided to public health authorities in China. Methods This systematic review was performed using PubMed, Google and Google Scholar to search all relevant studies in English and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated diet and physical activity interventions to limit excessive GWG up to May 2014. The quality of included studies was assessed using CONSORT statement and JADAD scale. Results Nine studies describing diet and physical activity interventions to prevent excessive GWG were incorporated in the systematic review. Overall, the contents of interventions were diverse, which consisted of one-to-one counselling, and community-based physical activity interventions. Weekly mailed newsletters and supportive telephone calls were used as assistive tools to remind pregnant women of limiting excessive GWG. Seven studies showed less weight gain in pregnant women receiving the intervention, of which four studies demonstrated a reduction in excessive GWG in women with varying body mass index (BMI) spanning the normal, overweight and obese categories, while three studies reported a reduction of excessive GWG only in normal weight women and obese women need to be paid attention in the future. Conclusions The effectiveness of diet and physical interventions to limit excessive GWG may not be confirmed because of limited quality or sample size of intervention studies. However, studies have demonstrated reduction of excessive GWG during pregnancy, in addition to persistent healthy behaviours following such interventions during pregnancy. Further meta-analyses of RCTs studies should be done to confirm the effectiveness of such interventions among Chinese women.
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Public Health
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Master of Public Health

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Park, Young Jin Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Effects of exercise-based lifestyle interventions on cardiovascular reactivity of untrained premenopausal women." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Medical Sciences, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41449.

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Three studies were designed to investigate the effects of exercise-based lifestyle interventions including diet change and exercise training on cardiovascular and autonomic responses to various physical and mental challenges in untrained premenopausal women. In Study 1, the effects of different tasks designed to activate the sympathetic nervous system on autonomic control of cardiovascular functioning such as the Stroop colour-word task (Stroop) and lower body negative pressure (LBNP) in 20 untrained premenopausal women (22.6??0.7 years) were determined. In Study 2, a longitudinal exercise intervention strategy was used with 18 untrained premenopausal women (22.5??0.7 years) in order to investigate the effect of 15 weeks of high intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) training on cardiac autonomic responses to mental challenge (Stroop) and LBNP. In Study 3, the effects of HIIE training combined with a Mediterranean-style eating plan and fish oil supplement (Fish oil, Exercise, Mediterranean diet; FEM) on cardiovascular function during mental challenge (Stroop) and physical tasks (handgrip and reactive hyperaemia) were examined in 32 overweight untrained premenopausal women (22.0??0.6 years). In these studies, forearm blood flow (FBF) was assessed using Hokanson Plethysmography with the venous occlusion technique. The surface electrocardiogram and continuous beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure were also monitored. Peak oxygen uptake was assessed using open-circuit spirometry (True Max 2400, ParvoMedics). In addition, body composition was measured using DEXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; DPX-IQ, Lunar Radiation). Results from Study 1 indicate that FBF response to mental challenge in young females was smaller compared to previously obtained data from age-matched males. Furthermore, this FBF response to mental challenge was negatively correlated to insulin resistance estimated by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) (r = - .52, p < .05). In addition, when cardiopulmonary baroreceptors were unloaded by a mild level of LBNP (-20 mmHg) during Stoop, FBF response to mental challenge (vasodilation) was abolished suggesting a large dependency of vasodilation response during mental challenge on cardiopulmonary baroreflex. After 15 weeks of supervised HIIE training, aerobic fitness improved (p < .05) whereas percent of body fat was significantly decreased (p < .05). In addition, recovery BP following Stroop was significantly reduced. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was marginally decreased (p = .056). Women who had higher insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) lost less fat than women with lower HOMA-IR (r = .60, p = .088). In addition, change in FBF during Stroop after training was directly related to pretest insulin resistance levels (r = .68, p < .05). Therefore, HIIE training had a normalising effect on FBF response to mental challenge. PEP/LVET ratio at rest and during LBNP was also significantly increased in women with higher HOMA-IR suggesting a reduction in cardiac contractility via a decrease in sympathetic stimulation (r = .62, p = .076, r = .62, p = .75 respectively). In Study 3 results indicated that 12 weeks of the FEM trial significantly reduced percent of body fat (p < .001), fasting insulin (p < .05), interleukin-6 (p < .05) and cortisol (p < .05), and significantly improved aerobic fitness ( ; p < .001). With respect to cardiovascular and cardiac autonomic measures, rate pressure product (RPP) was significantly reduced at rest (p < .05) and during recovery after Stoop (p < .05), suggesting decreased myocardial oxygen consumption. In addition, baseline heart rate determined in the sitting position was significantly reduced (p < .05), while both baseline high frequency power (HF) determined in supine (p < .01) and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) determined in the sitting position (p < .05) were increased after the FEM trial. In addition, BRS determined during mental challenge also marginally increased (p = .051). In summary, lifestyle intervention including HIIE training, Mediterranean-style eating plan, and a fish oil supplement significantly enhanced parasympathetic influence of the heart and improved fitness, blood profiles, and body composition.

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Nickels, Marc. "Exercise interventions with critically ill patients in an Australian tertiary intensive care unit." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/206174/1/Marc_Nickels_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis investigated the physical impairments experienced by critically ill patients in intensive care. Clinicians’ perceptions regarding exercise with critically ill patients were explored, and medical records analysed to illustrate that despite clinicians’ positive perceptions regarding exercise, critically ill patients rarely completed exercise interventions whilst admitted to the intensive care unit. A preliminary randomised control trial was conducted that evaluated the effectiveness of an innovative in-bed cycling intervention. In-bed cycling with critically ill patients was found to be safe, feasible and acceptable to patients, families and clinicians. Promising patient outcomes were identified that justify a future multi-centre randomised control trial.

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Brocki, Barbara C. "Physiotherapy interventions and outcomes following lung cancer surgery." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-45728.

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The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of exercise training and inspiratory muscle training and to describe pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, physical performance and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) following lung cancer surgery. Study I was a randomised controlled trial including 78 patients radically operated for lung cancer. The intervention group received 10 sessions of supervised exercise training in addition to home-based exercise; the control group was instructed on home-exercise alone. Supervised compared to non-supervised exercise training did not result in differences between groups in HRQoL, except for the SF-36 bodily pain domain four months after the surgery. No effects of supervised training were found for any outcome after one year. Study II was descriptive and was based on the study I sample. We evaluated the course of recovery of HRQoL and physical performance up to one year following surgery. All patients improved HRQoL and physical performance one year after the surgery, reaching values comparable to a reference healthy population. The walked distance was positively associated with the SF-36 domain for physical functioning. Study III was descriptive, included 81 patients and evaluated the influence of surgery on respiratory muscle strength, lung function and physical performance two weeks and six months after surgery. We found that respiratory muscle strength was not affected after the second postoperative week and that muscle-sparring thoracotomy did not deteriorate respiratory muscle strength, compared to video-assisted thoracic surgery. Compared to preoperative values, physical performance was recovered, whereas lung function remained reduced six months postoperatively. Study IV was a randomised controlled trial including 68 patients at high risk of developing postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC). This study evaluated the effects of two weeks of postoperative inspiratory muscle training in addition to breathing exercises and early mobilisation on respiratory muscle strength and the incidence of PPC. Additional inspiratory muscle training did not increase respiratory muscle strength, but improved postoperative oxygenation. Respiratory muscle strength was recovered in both groups two weeks postoperatively.

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Stevens, Emily Claire. "Evaluation of a social cognitive theory-based adolescent physical activity intervention Plan for exercise, plan for health /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1158096089.

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Fissler, Patrick [Verfasser]. "Healthy cognitive aging through cognitive training, physical exercise, and leisure activities : from theory to new interventions / Patrick Fissler." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166757439/34.

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Christensen, Kaylee Nicol. "The Use of Antecedent-Based Interventions to Increase Compliance Related to Physical Activity in Children with Down Syndrome." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8274.

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Children with Down syndrome often have high body mass index scores, brought on by hypothyroidism, poor mastication, decreased metabolic rates, and inconsistent physical fitness routines. Along with various genotypic characteristics, several behavioral tendencies accompany the diagnosis of Down syndrome. People with this condition often engage in noncompliant behaviors in an attempt to escape work-related tasks such as exercising. A lack of a consistent fitness regimen may result in additional health complications for this particular group of people, as well as ensuing concerns from the parents or guardians who care for them. Because of the propensities for poor physical health in people with Down syndrome, it is imperative that this group of people include exercise-related activities in their health-care routines to help promote a positive well-being from childhood to adulthood.The purpose of this study is to report on the results of an intervention which utilized high-probability tasks and principles of generalization to address noncompliant behaviors in a 9-year-old boy who had Down syndrome and a history of engaging in refusal towards exercise-related activities. Gross motor skills adapted from the Test of Gross Motor Development assessment were used throughout the study to evaluate both compliance and accuracy of the pre-selected movements. This study used a changing conditions design to assess John’s growth throughout 5 distinct phases. Results from both the high-probability tasks and generalization interventions showed an overall increase in the participant’s compliance and accuracy of skill development throughout all stages of the experiment. Implications from this study provide positive support for using antecedent-based interventions to help individuals with Down syndrome engage in exercise-related activities.

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Papini, Camila Bosqueiro [UNESP]. "Effect of community-based physical exercise interventions carried out in primary helath care on plasma inflammatory biomarkers and cardiorespiratory fitness." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132832.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-13T13:28:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-04-30. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-01-13T13:33:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000855886.pdf: 1312386 bytes, checksum: 7b2b1a761593d6bf4d45229871cb1e92 (MD5)
O presente projeto tem como objetivo verificar o efeito de programas de exercício físico sobre biomarcadores de inflamação e a capacidade cardiorrespiratória em participantes de programas de exercícios físicos oferecidos em Unidades de Saúde do município de Rio Claro-SP. Para atingir os objetivos propostos foi realizado um estudo quase-experimental com duração de 12 meses, onde a amostra foi composta por mulheres participantes de programas de Intervenção com Exercício Físico em Unidades de Saúde. Foram implementados 2 Programas distintos. A Intervenção 1 foi baseada no Programa Saúde Ativa Rio Claro (já existente no Município desde 2001), composta de 2 sessões semanais de exercício físico com duração de 60 minutos. A intervenção 2 foi fundamentada nas recomendações preconizadas para a prática de atividade física, sendo oferecida 3 sessões semanais com duração de 90 minutos. Em ambas intervenções foram desenvolvidas atividades aeróbias, exercícios de força e flexibilidade. As variáveis avaliadas foram: a) Antropometria (Massa Corporal, Estatura, Cálculo do Índice de Massa Corporal, Circunferência da Cintura e Quadril); b) Pedometria; c) Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória (Teste Ergoespirométrico Incremental na esteira); d) Biomarcadores de Inflamação (Dosagem plasmática do sangue). Os resultados estão apresentados em forma de artigo. No capítulo 3, os resultados demonstram que a Intervenção 1 foi efetiva em reduzir concentrações de PCR e TNFα e manter concentrações de IL10, IL6 e insulina após 12 meses de intervenção. No capítulo 4, foi demonstrado que a Intervenção 2 reduziu concentrações de LDL e glicose e ainda melhorou o quadro de resistência à insulina das participantes. No capítulo 5 os dados indicaram que as participantes desenvolveram uma maior tolerância ao exercício e melhoraram o custo energético dos estágios do teste. Isso sugere que a aptidão cardiorrespiratória foi...
The study aims to verify the effect of community-based physical exercise interventions carried out in primary health care on plasma inflammatory biomarkers and cardiorespiratory fitness. It was performed a 1year quasi-experimental study with female participants of Physical Exercise Interventions carried out in Health Units in Rio Claro City, Sao Paulo State. Two different protocols were implemented. The Intervention 1 (two, 60 minute sessions/week) was based in the Saude Ativa Rio Claro Program (existing since 2001). The intervention 2 (three, 90 minute sessions/week) was based in the physical activity recommendation. In both interventions, aerobic, resistance muscle and stretching exercises were performed. The variables evaluated were: a) Anthropometric variables (body mass, stature, body mass index, waist and hip circumferences); b) Physical Activity level through pedometer; c) Cardiorespiratory fitness test (incremental ergoespirometric test); d) Inflammatory biomarkers (blood plasmatic dosage). The results are present in 3 articles. In the chapter 1, the results showed that the Intervention 1 was effective in reducing CRP and TNFa; and in maintaining the IL10, IL6 and insulin after 1 year of intervention. In the chapter 4, it was demonstrated that Intervention 2 decreased the LDL and glucose levels and improved the resistance insulin of participants. In chapter 5, the results indicated that participants of Intervention 2 developed a greater exercise tolerance and improved the energy cost during walking. These data suggest that cardiorespiratory fitness was enhanced. Some additional analyses indicated that participants of intervention 1 developed a greater exercise tolerance but they did not improve the energy cost during walking. Both interventions were able to improve health-related variables. The development of ...

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Papini, Camila Bosqueiro. "Effect of community-based physical exercise interventions carried out in primary helath care on plasma inflammatory biomarkers and cardiorespiratory fitness /." Rio Claro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132832.

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Orientador: Eduardo Kokubun
Banca: Douglas Roque de Andrade
Banca: Sebastião Gobbi
Banca: Janice Lee Thompson
Banca: Henrique Luiz Monteiro
Resumo: O presente projeto tem como objetivo verificar o efeito de programas de exercício físico sobre biomarcadores de inflamação e a capacidade cardiorrespiratória em participantes de programas de exercícios físicos oferecidos em Unidades de Saúde do município de Rio Claro-SP. Para atingir os objetivos propostos foi realizado um estudo quase-experimental com duração de 12 meses, onde a amostra foi composta por mulheres participantes de programas de Intervenção com Exercício Físico em Unidades de Saúde. Foram implementados 2 Programas distintos. A Intervenção 1 foi baseada no Programa Saúde Ativa Rio Claro (já existente no Município desde 2001), composta de 2 sessões semanais de exercício físico com duração de 60 minutos. A intervenção 2 foi fundamentada nas recomendações preconizadas para a prática de atividade física, sendo oferecida 3 sessões semanais com duração de 90 minutos. Em ambas intervenções foram desenvolvidas atividades aeróbias, exercícios de força e flexibilidade. As variáveis avaliadas foram: a) Antropometria (Massa Corporal, Estatura, Cálculo do Índice de Massa Corporal, Circunferência da Cintura e Quadril); b) Pedometria; c) Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória (Teste Ergoespirométrico Incremental na esteira); d) Biomarcadores de Inflamação (Dosagem plasmática do sangue). Os resultados estão apresentados em forma de artigo. No capítulo 3, os resultados demonstram que a Intervenção 1 foi efetiva em reduzir concentrações de PCR e TNFα e manter concentrações de IL10, IL6 e insulina após 12 meses de intervenção. No capítulo 4, foi demonstrado que a Intervenção 2 reduziu concentrações de LDL e glicose e ainda melhorou o quadro de resistência à insulina das participantes. No capítulo 5 os dados indicaram que as participantes desenvolveram uma maior tolerância ao exercício e melhoraram o custo energético dos estágios do teste. Isso sugere que a aptidão cardiorrespiratória foi...
Abstract: The study aims to verify the effect of community-based physical exercise interventions carried out in primary health care on plasma inflammatory biomarkers and cardiorespiratory fitness. It was performed a 1year quasi-experimental study with female participants of Physical Exercise Interventions carried out in Health Units in Rio Claro City, Sao Paulo State. Two different protocols were implemented. The Intervention 1 (two, 60 minute sessions/week) was based in the Saude Ativa Rio Claro Program (existing since 2001). The intervention 2 (three, 90 minute sessions/week) was based in the physical activity recommendation. In both interventions, aerobic, resistance muscle and stretching exercises were performed. The variables evaluated were: a) Anthropometric variables (body mass, stature, body mass index, waist and hip circumferences); b) Physical Activity level through pedometer; c) Cardiorespiratory fitness test (incremental ergoespirometric test); d) Inflammatory biomarkers (blood plasmatic dosage). The results are present in 3 articles. In the chapter 1, the results showed that the Intervention 1 was effective in reducing CRP and TNFa; and in maintaining the IL10, IL6 and insulin after 1 year of intervention. In the chapter 4, it was demonstrated that Intervention 2 decreased the LDL and glucose levels and improved the resistance insulin of participants. In chapter 5, the results indicated that participants of Intervention 2 developed a greater exercise tolerance and improved the energy cost during walking. These data suggest that cardiorespiratory fitness was enhanced. Some additional analyses indicated that participants of intervention 1 developed a greater exercise tolerance but they did not improve the energy cost during walking. Both interventions were able to improve health-related variables. The development of ...
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Sam, Sam Ka Lam. "Effects of exercise-based interventions for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): a systematic review and meta-analysis." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/249.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a prevalent neurological syndrome observed even in childhood stages. Children with autism have a certain range of deficits on social interaction, communication and coordination. Exercise program has been commonly adopted as an intervention for ASD children on developing both of their motor and social skills, as well as maintaining a certain fitness level. This project is a systematic review and meta-analysis study which summarizes the recent fifteen years (2000-2015) of control-trial exercise-based interventions for ASD children and evaluates their effectiveness from three aspects (according to the outcome measures): 1) Exercise Performance & Sport/Skill-related Fitness (EXE); 2) Physiological & Biometric Indicator (PHY); and 3) Social Cognition & Psychological Well-being (SOC). The results showed a positive effect in all three aspects: .763, .412, and .505 respectively. Further studies were recommended on investigating the mechanism explaining the psycho-social and physiological effects of exercise programs on ASD children.

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Colley, Rachel Christine. "Quantifying the effect of exercise on total energy expenditure in obese women." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16533/1/Rachel_Christine_Colley_Thesis.pdf.

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The prevalence of obesity continues to increase despite considerable research and innovation regarding treatment and management strategies. When completed as prescribed, exercise training is associated with numerous health benefits and predictable levels of weight loss. However, under free-living conditions the benefits of exercise are less consistent, suggesting that non-adherence and/or a compensatory response in non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) may be occurring. The accurate quantification of all components of total energy expenditure (TEE), including TEE itself, was imperative to elucidate the primary research question relating to the impact of exercise on TEE. In addition, the measurement of changes in body composition and the response to prescribed exercise were assessed in methodological and pilot investigations. Following this extensive background, the primary research question relating to the effect of exercise on levels of TEE and the associated implications of such a compensatory response could be more rigorously investigated. The first study investigated the variability in isotopic equilibrium time under field conditions, and the impact of this variability on estimates of total body water (TBW) and body composition when using the deuterium dilution technique. Following the collection of a fasting baseline urine sample, 10 women and 10 men were dosed with deuterium oxide (0.05g/kg body weight). Urine samples were collected every hour for 8 hours. The samples were analysed using isotope ratio mass spectrometry and time to equilibration was determined using three commonly employed data analysis approaches. Isotopic equilibrium was reached by 50, 80 and 100% of participants at 4, 6 and 8 h, respectively. The mean group equilibration times determined using the three different plateau determination methods were 4.8 ± 1.5, 3.8 ± 0.8, and 4.9 ±1.4 h, respectively. Isotopic enrichment, TBW, and percent body fat estimates differed between early sampling times (3-5 h), but not later sampling times (5-8 h). Therefore, sampling < 6 hours post dose compared to sampling ≥ 6 hours resulted in greater relative measurement error in TBW and body composition estimates. Although differences in equilibration time were apparent between the three plateau determination approaches, sampling at 6 hours or later may decrease the likelihood of error in body composition estimates resultant from incomplete isotopic equilibration in a small proportion of individuals. In the second study, the aim was to measure the self-paced walking (SPW) speed of adults ranging in body size from normal to obese. The utility of heart rate monitors to estimate the energy cost of walking was also investigated. Twenty-nine participants (12 normal-weight, 17 overweight or obese) completed two outdoor walking tests to determine their SPW speed. A walking treadmill test with stages below, at, and above the SPW speed was completed to compare the energy expenditure estimates of the Polar S610 and WM42 heart rate monitors with that from indirect calorimetry. The average SPW speed was 1.7 ± 0.1 m*sec-1, which was equivalent to an exercise intensity of 48.6 ± 9.4 %VO2max (61.0 ± 7.1 %HRmax). There was no difference in the energy expenditure estimation between indirect calorimetry (4.7 ± 0.7 kcal*kg*-1*h-1), the S610 (4.8 ± 1.3 kcal*kg*-1*h-1) and the WM42 (4.8 ± 1.6 kcal*kg*-1*h-1). It was concluded that the heart rate monitors provided reasonable energy expenditure estimates at the group level. However considerable error was evident at the individual level, explained in part by exercise heart rate and fitness level, suggesting that an individualised calibration should be performed where possible. An additional finding from this study was that 145 to 215 minutes of SPW per week, dependent upon the level of adiposity, is required to meet the current American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines for health of 1000 kcal*wk-1. The purpose of the third study was to establish the level of adherence to a specific exercise prescription (1500 kcal*wk-1) by objectively quantifying unsupervised exercise energy expenditure (ExEE) in a group of obese women. The 16-wk lifestyle intervention consisted of weekly meetings with research staff, combined with promotion of increased ExEE (1500 kcal*wk-1) and a decreased dietary intake (-500 kcal*d-1). Twenty-nine obese females (Body Mass Index = 36.8 ± 5.0 kg*m2, Body Fat = 49.6 ± 3.7 %) from a hospital-based lifestyle intervention were included in the analysis. ExEE was estimated and monitored weekly using heart rate monitoring. Body composition was measured before and after the intervention by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results indicated free-living adherence to the exercise prescription was modest and variable, with 14% of participants achieving the 1500 kcal*wk-1. The average weekly ExEE (768 kcal*wk-1) represented 51.2% of the total amount prescribed. ExEE was correlated with changes in body weight (r = 0.65, p < 0.001) and fat mass (r = 0.65, p = 0.0002). Achievement of a 5% weight loss target was dependent on an ExEE level of 1000 kcal*wk-1 (p <0.001). Exercise 'adherers' (> 000 kcal*wk-1) lost more weight (-9.9 vs. -4.1 kg), more fat mass (-6.8 vs. -3.0 kg), and more waist circumference (-9.8 vs. -5.6 cm) when compared to 'non-adherers' (< 1000 kcal*wk-1). The results suggest that the extent of supervision and monitoring influenced exercise adherence rates. The variability in adherence highlights the importance of objective monitoring of ExEE. Identification of individuals not complying with program targets may enable intervention staff to provide additional support or make individualised adjustments to the exercise prescription. The fourth study investigated issues relating to the management and interpretation of accelerometry data when the device is to be used to monitor levels of daily physical activity. Given the high between-individual variability in accelerometry output for a given walking speed, the use of a more individualised approach to the data management has been suggested. In addition, accelerometry was used to compare daily physical activity patterns between a supervised and unsupervised exercise prescription of the same dose (1500 kcal*wk-1) in overweight and obese women. Total energy expenditure, activity energy expenditure, and vector magnitude increased significantly during the intervention. Time spent in very low intensity movement decreased from baseline to the intervention (p < 0.01) in both the supervised (-18.6 min*d-1) and unsupervised (-68.5 min*d-1) group, whereas time spent in high and vigorous intensity movement increased significantly from baseline to the intervention (p < 0.05 and p < 0.0001, respectively). The increase in vigorous movement was significantly greater in the supervised group when compared to the unsupervised group (+11.5 vs. +5.4 min*d-1, p < 0.05). Time spent above three different moderate-intensity walking thresholds increased from baseline to the intervention (p < 0.0001). The threshold determination approach significantly affected the resultant outcomes (p < 0.0001) such that the standard threshold was significantly different to both group-specific and individualised approaches. Significant differences were also noted in accelerometer output between treadmill and overground walking (p < 0.0001). A positive finding of this study was that two different interventions aimed at increasing physical activity levels in a group of sedentary and obese women were successful in gaining modest increases in overall daily movement. The change observed appears to be a replacement of sedentary movement with more vigorous physical activity. Collectively, the differences observed between threshold determination approaches, as well as between treadmill and overground walking, highlight the need for standardised approaches to accelerometry data management and analysis. In addition, the findings suggest that obese women may benefit from a certain degree of exercise supervision to ensure compliance, however, strategies to encourage these women to continue with the exercise on their own without supervision are essential to making a sustainable long-term change to their lifestyles. The final study aimed to assess whether obese women compensate for structured exercise by decreasing their NEAT and thereby impeding weight loss. Thirteen participants were prescribed 1500 kcal*wk-1 of exercise through a structured walking program (4 week supervised followed by 4 weeks unsupervised). The energy expenditure of the walks was quantified using individually-calibrated Polar F4 heart rate monitors. The DLW technique was used to measure TEE. Accelerometry measures were also collected throughout and represented an alternative method of quantifying changes in total daily movement patterns resultant from an increase in energy expenditure through exercise. Compliance with the exercise program was excellent, with the average compliance being 94% over the 8-week intervention. The adoption of moderate-intensity exercise in this group of obese women resulted in a 12% decrease in TEE (p = 0.01) and a 67% decrease in NEAT (p < 0.05). No significant change was observed in resting metabolic rate from baseline to the postintervention time-point. Compensation was significantly correlated with dietary report bias (r= -0.84, p = 0.001), body image (r = 0.75, p < 0.01), and bodily pain (r = -0.65, p < 0.05). A linear regression model including dietary reporting bias and the pain score explained 78% of the variation in ΔTEE. Compensators were therefore less likely to underreport their dietary intake, less likely to be self-aware of their obese state, and more likely to be experiencing pain in their daily life. Self-reported dietary intake decreased significantly during the intervention (p = 0.01) with specific decreases noted in fat and carbohydrate intake. The consequence of compensation was evidenced by a lack of significant change in body weight, body composition, or blood lipids (p > 0.05). However, positive outcomes of the study included improvement in the SF-36 scores of general health (p < 0.05) and maintenance of exercise program adherence into the unsupervised phase of the intervention. Qualitative data collected via interview indicated that 85% of participants experienced increased energy and positive feedback from peers during the intervention. This study confirms that exercise prescription needs to be prescribed with an individualised approach that takes into account level of adiposity. The goal of exercise prescription for the obese should therefore be to determine the intensity and modality of exercise that does not activate compensatory behaviours, as this may in turn negate the beneficial effects of the additional energy expenditure of exercise. This study confirms that during the initial phase of an exercise-based weight loss intervention, the majority of obese women compensated for some, if not all, the energy cost of the exercise sessions by reducing NEAT. Whether this compensatory behaviour continues beyond the first month of an exercise program, particularly after training adaptations in cardiorespiratory fitness are realised, cannot be discerned from the current study. However these results do provide a rationale for why the magnitude of weight loss achieved is often less than predicted during exercise interventions. Further research is required to examine the temporal pattern of compensation in NEAT, and the relationship between the time courses of NEAT compensation relative to physical fitness improvements. The results from this thesis support the use of activity monitors such as accelerometers during weight loss interventions to track NEAT and provide objective feedback regarding compensatory behaviours to clinicians and the obese individuals.

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Colley, Rachel Christine. "Quantifying the effect of exercise on total energy expenditure in obese women." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16533/.

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The prevalence of obesity continues to increase despite considerable research and innovation regarding treatment and management strategies. When completed as prescribed, exercise training is associated with numerous health benefits and predictable levels of weight loss. However, under free-living conditions the benefits of exercise are less consistent, suggesting that non-adherence and/or a compensatory response in non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) may be occurring. The accurate quantification of all components of total energy expenditure (TEE), including TEE itself, was imperative to elucidate the primary research question relating to the impact of exercise on TEE. In addition, the measurement of changes in body composition and the response to prescribed exercise were assessed in methodological and pilot investigations. Following this extensive background, the primary research question relating to the effect of exercise on levels of TEE and the associated implications of such a compensatory response could be more rigorously investigated. The first study investigated the variability in isotopic equilibrium time under field conditions, and the impact of this variability on estimates of total body water (TBW) and body composition when using the deuterium dilution technique. Following the collection of a fasting baseline urine sample, 10 women and 10 men were dosed with deuterium oxide (0.05g/kg body weight). Urine samples were collected every hour for 8 hours. The samples were analysed using isotope ratio mass spectrometry and time to equilibration was determined using three commonly employed data analysis approaches. Isotopic equilibrium was reached by 50, 80 and 100% of participants at 4, 6 and 8 h, respectively. The mean group equilibration times determined using the three different plateau determination methods were 4.8 ± 1.5, 3.8 ± 0.8, and 4.9 ±1.4 h, respectively. Isotopic enrichment, TBW, and percent body fat estimates differed between early sampling times (3-5 h), but not later sampling times (5-8 h). Therefore, sampling < 6 hours post dose compared to sampling ≥ 6 hours resulted in greater relative measurement error in TBW and body composition estimates. Although differences in equilibration time were apparent between the three plateau determination approaches, sampling at 6 hours or later may decrease the likelihood of error in body composition estimates resultant from incomplete isotopic equilibration in a small proportion of individuals. In the second study, the aim was to measure the self-paced walking (SPW) speed of adults ranging in body size from normal to obese. The utility of heart rate monitors to estimate the energy cost of walking was also investigated. Twenty-nine participants (12 normal-weight, 17 overweight or obese) completed two outdoor walking tests to determine their SPW speed. A walking treadmill test with stages below, at, and above the SPW speed was completed to compare the energy expenditure estimates of the Polar S610 and WM42 heart rate monitors with that from indirect calorimetry. The average SPW speed was 1.7 ± 0.1 m*sec-1, which was equivalent to an exercise intensity of 48.6 ± 9.4 %VO2max (61.0 ± 7.1 %HRmax). There was no difference in the energy expenditure estimation between indirect calorimetry (4.7 ± 0.7 kcal*kg*-1*h-1), the S610 (4.8 ± 1.3 kcal*kg*-1*h-1) and the WM42 (4.8 ± 1.6 kcal*kg*-1*h-1). It was concluded that the heart rate monitors provided reasonable energy expenditure estimates at the group level. However considerable error was evident at the individual level, explained in part by exercise heart rate and fitness level, suggesting that an individualised calibration should be performed where possible. An additional finding from this study was that 145 to 215 minutes of SPW per week, dependent upon the level of adiposity, is required to meet the current American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines for health of 1000 kcal*wk-1. The purpose of the third study was to establish the level of adherence to a specific exercise prescription (1500 kcal*wk-1) by objectively quantifying unsupervised exercise energy expenditure (ExEE) in a group of obese women. The 16-wk lifestyle intervention consisted of weekly meetings with research staff, combined with promotion of increased ExEE (1500 kcal*wk-1) and a decreased dietary intake (-500 kcal*d-1). Twenty-nine obese females (Body Mass Index = 36.8 ± 5.0 kg*m2, Body Fat = 49.6 ± 3.7 %) from a hospital-based lifestyle intervention were included in the analysis. ExEE was estimated and monitored weekly using heart rate monitoring. Body composition was measured before and after the intervention by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results indicated free-living adherence to the exercise prescription was modest and variable, with 14% of participants achieving the 1500 kcal*wk-1. The average weekly ExEE (768 kcal*wk-1) represented 51.2% of the total amount prescribed. ExEE was correlated with changes in body weight (r = 0.65, p < 0.001) and fat mass (r = 0.65, p = 0.0002). Achievement of a 5% weight loss target was dependent on an ExEE level of 1000 kcal*wk-1 (p <0.001). Exercise 'adherers' (> 000 kcal*wk-1) lost more weight (-9.9 vs. -4.1 kg), more fat mass (-6.8 vs. -3.0 kg), and more waist circumference (-9.8 vs. -5.6 cm) when compared to 'non-adherers' (< 1000 kcal*wk-1). The results suggest that the extent of supervision and monitoring influenced exercise adherence rates. The variability in adherence highlights the importance of objective monitoring of ExEE. Identification of individuals not complying with program targets may enable intervention staff to provide additional support or make individualised adjustments to the exercise prescription. The fourth study investigated issues relating to the management and interpretation of accelerometry data when the device is to be used to monitor levels of daily physical activity. Given the high between-individual variability in accelerometry output for a given walking speed, the use of a more individualised approach to the data management has been suggested. In addition, accelerometry was used to compare daily physical activity patterns between a supervised and unsupervised exercise prescription of the same dose (1500 kcal*wk-1) in overweight and obese women. Total energy expenditure, activity energy expenditure, and vector magnitude increased significantly during the intervention. Time spent in very low intensity movement decreased from baseline to the intervention (p < 0.01) in both the supervised (-18.6 min*d-1) and unsupervised (-68.5 min*d-1) group, whereas time spent in high and vigorous intensity movement increased significantly from baseline to the intervention (p < 0.05 and p < 0.0001, respectively). The increase in vigorous movement was significantly greater in the supervised group when compared to the unsupervised group (+11.5 vs. +5.4 min*d-1, p < 0.05). Time spent above three different moderate-intensity walking thresholds increased from baseline to the intervention (p < 0.0001). The threshold determination approach significantly affected the resultant outcomes (p < 0.0001) such that the standard threshold was significantly different to both group-specific and individualised approaches. Significant differences were also noted in accelerometer output between treadmill and overground walking (p < 0.0001). A positive finding of this study was that two different interventions aimed at increasing physical activity levels in a group of sedentary and obese women were successful in gaining modest increases in overall daily movement. The change observed appears to be a replacement of sedentary movement with more vigorous physical activity. Collectively, the differences observed between threshold determination approaches, as well as between treadmill and overground walking, highlight the need for standardised approaches to accelerometry data management and analysis. In addition, the findings suggest that obese women may benefit from a certain degree of exercise supervision to ensure compliance, however, strategies to encourage these women to continue with the exercise on their own without supervision are essential to making a sustainable long-term change to their lifestyles. The final study aimed to assess whether obese women compensate for structured exercise by decreasing their NEAT and thereby impeding weight loss. Thirteen participants were prescribed 1500 kcal*wk-1 of exercise through a structured walking program (4 week supervised followed by 4 weeks unsupervised). The energy expenditure of the walks was quantified using individually-calibrated Polar F4 heart rate monitors. The DLW technique was used to measure TEE. Accelerometry measures were also collected throughout and represented an alternative method of quantifying changes in total daily movement patterns resultant from an increase in energy expenditure through exercise. Compliance with the exercise program was excellent, with the average compliance being 94% over the 8-week intervention. The adoption of moderate-intensity exercise in this group of obese women resulted in a 12% decrease in TEE (p = 0.01) and a 67% decrease in NEAT (p < 0.05). No significant change was observed in resting metabolic rate from baseline to the postintervention time-point. Compensation was significantly correlated with dietary report bias (r= -0.84, p = 0.001), body image (r = 0.75, p < 0.01), and bodily pain (r = -0.65, p < 0.05). A linear regression model including dietary reporting bias and the pain score explained 78% of the variation in ΔTEE. Compensators were therefore less likely to underreport their dietary intake, less likely to be self-aware of their obese state, and more likely to be experiencing pain in their daily life. Self-reported dietary intake decreased significantly during the intervention (p = 0.01) with specific decreases noted in fat and carbohydrate intake. The consequence of compensation was evidenced by a lack of significant change in body weight, body composition, or blood lipids (p > 0.05). However, positive outcomes of the study included improvement in the SF-36 scores of general health (p < 0.05) and maintenance of exercise program adherence into the unsupervised phase of the intervention. Qualitative data collected via interview indicated that 85% of participants experienced increased energy and positive feedback from peers during the intervention. This study confirms that exercise prescription needs to be prescribed with an individualised approach that takes into account level of adiposity. The goal of exercise prescription for the obese should therefore be to determine the intensity and modality of exercise that does not activate compensatory behaviours, as this may in turn negate the beneficial effects of the additional energy expenditure of exercise. This study confirms that during the initial phase of an exercise-based weight loss intervention, the majority of obese women compensated for some, if not all, the energy cost of the exercise sessions by reducing NEAT. Whether this compensatory behaviour continues beyond the first month of an exercise program, particularly after training adaptations in cardiorespiratory fitness are realised, cannot be discerned from the current study. However these results do provide a rationale for why the magnitude of weight loss achieved is often less than predicted during exercise interventions. Further research is required to examine the temporal pattern of compensation in NEAT, and the relationship between the time courses of NEAT compensation relative to physical fitness improvements. The results from this thesis support the use of activity monitors such as accelerometers during weight loss interventions to track NEAT and provide objective feedback regarding compensatory behaviours to clinicians and the obese individuals.

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Kelsey, Laurel Anne. "Variance In Percent Body Fat Between And Within Families As Measured By Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd536.pdf.

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19

LaFountain, Richard A. "Development and Application of CPX-CMR protocol for Cardiopulmonary Evaluation of Acute Exercise, Physical Training Response, and Ketogenic Diet Interventions in Healthy Humans, Athletes, and Military Personnel." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1534323074156873.

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20

Garver, Else. "Gåture som sundhedsfremmende aktivitet hos ældre. : Ældre menneskers oplevelse af at have gennemført et otte-ugers interventions gå-tur projekt." Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3273.

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Denne afhandlings formål er: At beskrive hvilke oplevelser ældre menneskers har haft ved athave deltaget i og gennemført et otte ugers interventions gå-tur projekt. Den viden og forståelse, der er kommet ud af dette pilotstudie, har været meget brugbar i planlægningen af gåture for ældre, der ellers ikke ville komme ud at gå. Der er brugt en kvalitativ metode. Populationen er de 11 projektdeltagere, der gennem- førtede otte ugers interventionsperiode. Der er gennemført temaguidede interviews som er udskrevet i fuld længde og analyseret efter en kvalitativ tematisk analyse inspireret af Giorgis retningslinier og af Husserls filosofi. Ifølge deltagernes beskrivelse har gå-tur interventionen givet dem en følelse af at gøre noget godt for sig selv. Herudover oplevede de en gradvis øget mestringsevne, bedre fysisk form, mere energi, bedre humør, oplevelsen af fællesskab samt bedre kendskab til omgivelser og natur. Projektet rummer følgende en ny dimension: Mennesker, der ellers ikke ville kommeud at gå, gør det nu, fordi de oplever støtte - enten ved at gå alene og opleve "forpligtelsen" til at få gået eller helt konkret ved at gå sammen med en gå-tur ven og herved føle tryghed. At tilbyde gåture til ældre, der ellers ikke ville komme ud at gå, ser ud til at være hen-sigtsmæssigt set i et folkesundhedsmæssigt perspektiv idet disse ældre herved formodes at få flere leveår med godt helbred.
The aim of this MPH thesis is to describe the experience of elderly people who have completed an eight-week intervention walking project. The insight and knowledge acquired in this study have been very useful with regard to the planning of walking for the elderly people who would not otherwise have ventured outside. A qualitative method has been used. The population consists of the eleven projectparticipants who completed the eight-week intervention period. The theme-based interviews have been transcribed in full and analyzed in accordance with a qualitative thematic analysis inspired by Giorgi’s guidelines and Husserl ́s philosophy. The project participants` comments demonstrate that walking as intervention gave them the experience of doing something, especially for their own wellbeing. Other important results were a sense of increasing mastery of their situation ,improved physical fitness, moreenergy, higher spirits a sense of fellowship, and some knowledge of the surroundings and nature. The project includes a new dimension: People who would not otherwise have ventured outside now do so because they get support either by walking alone and experiencing the "obligation" of walking or by walking with a companion. Offering walks to elderly people who would not otherwise have ventured outside seems to be a good decision in a public health care perspective because these elderly peoplepresumably live longer with a better health.

ISBN 91-7997-087-7

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Böhm, Birgit Verfasser], Renate Maria [Akademischer Betreuer] Oberhoffer, and Arno [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schmidt-Trucksäss. "Risk screening and exercise interventions in pediatric prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Links between carotid intima-media thickness and physical fitness / Birgit Böhm. Gutachter: Renate Maria Oberhoffer ; Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss. Betreuer: Renate Maria Oberhoffer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1031076042/34.

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22

Lohof, Christy H. "Self-efficacy and physical activity the effect of a theory-driven, Internet-based intervention /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1317343911&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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23

Figaji, Tamara Ann. "Impact of a lifestyle physical activity intervention on school going children's physical activity participation." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6968_1297753030.

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Associated with physical inactivity and obesity are numerous other health risks which have become a major health concern. A steady decrease in the levels of physical activity during childhood and adolescents have been noted in various parts of the world. The picture of low physical activity levels in developed countries is no different in developing countries. Children spend the majority of their day at school therefore a school setting is ideal to conduct physical activity intervention studies The primary aim of this study was to measure the effect of an intervention programme on the physical activity participation levels among school going children and adolescents. The study was carried out at an urban independent Catholic school. The sample, which was conveniently selected, which included 100 learners from grade 5 to 7 with parental consent. A quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design was used in this study. Baseline data included levels of physical activity participation, Body Mass Index (BMI), hip-waist ratio, and socio-demographic variables. Physical activity was assessed with the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. The Promoting Lifestyle activity for Youth (PLAY) programme was implemented at the school. This process-oriented programme shifts the focus from fitness toward regular participation in daily physical activity, and it is not intended to replace a comprehensive physical education programme.

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Hortz, Brian Vincent. "Evaluation of a social cognitive theory based physical activity intervention targeting leisure time physical exercise." Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1123087047.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvii, 339 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 305-315). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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Qiu, Wei. "Physical activity intervention in early care and education settings." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 185 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1654493001&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Valerio, Mirella Pinto [UNIFESP]. "Estudo comparativo de intervenções voltadas à promoção de atividade física em idosos sedentários no lazer." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2012. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9504.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-05-25
O Brasil caminha rumo a um perfil demográfico cada vez mais envelhecido. Indivíduos com mais de 65 anos superam a casa dos 13 milhões, correspondendo a 10,2% do total da população brasileira. Apesar de a atividade física contribuir para a autonomia e a independência dos idosos, ainda é elevado o nível de sedentarismo nessa população. Tendo em vista a complexidade da adesão à prática de atividades físicas e sua continuidade, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos de duas diferentes intervenções, voltadas à mudança de comportamento sedentário de idosos no momento de lazer. A variável desfecho foi a mudança na média de minutos semanais utilizados para a prática de atividades físicas no lazer. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo quasi-experimental com integrantes de uma coorte populacional de idosos residentes em zona urbana (projeto EPIDOSO) classificados como sedentários no domínio lazer, de acordo com o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ), ou seja, não atingiam dez minutos nas referidas práticas. A amostra foi constituída por 121 idosos, subdivididos em três grupos: grupo aulas práticas(GA), grupo estímulo (GE) e grupo controle (GC). Aos grupos GA e GE, foram aplicadas duas diferentes intervenções durante um período de três meses. Os integrantes do GA participaram de aulas realizadas duas vezes por semana, com duração de sessenta minutos cada, contendo atividades aeróbicas e exercícios de flexibilidade, equilíbrio e fortalecimento muscular. Os idosos do GE receberam um folheto explicativo contendo questões a respeito dos benefícios da prática de atividades físicas e informações de como realizá-las; e foram acompanhados através de chamadas telefônicas pelo mesmo período. As avaliações foram realizadas através da reaplicação do IPAQ, ao término das intervenções (T90) e três meses após as mesmas (T180). O grupo controle foi apenas reavaliado após 180 dias (T180). A análise de variância com medidas repetidas (T90 e T180) com um fator categórico de três níveis (Aulas, Estímulo e Controle) mostrou que, ao término das intervenções (T90 dias), os idosos no GA tiveram um aumento significativamente maior na média de minutos semanais de atividades físicas, quando comparada aos do GE (111,1 min/sem e 42,7 min/sem, respectivamente). No entanto, na avaliação realizada três meses depois de cessadas as intervenções (T180), as médias de minutos semanais dos dois grupos foram semelhantes (71,5 min/sem. e 71,8 min/sem), e superiores às verificadas no grupo controle (43,3 min/sem). Dessa forma, concluímos que as estratégias de proporcionar aulas ou entregar folheto explicativo com orientações sobre práticas de atividades físicas, seguidas de acompanhamento telefônico, contribuem para a redução significativa dos índices de sedentarismo no tempo de lazer dos idosos.
Brazil has shown an increasingly older demographic profile. There are more than 13 million people over 65 years old (10.2% of the Brazilian population) in the country nowadays. Even though physical activities contribute to older adults’ autonomy and independence, their level of sedentarianism is still high. Taking into account the complexity regarding the commitment to physical activities, this study aimed at analyzing the effects of two different interventions whose intention was to change the sedentary behavior of older adults in their free time. The variable result was the change in the average of minutes used for physical activities in their free time, per week. Therefore, a quasi-experimental study was carried out with members of a cohort of older adults who live in an urban area (a project called EPIDOSO) and who have been classified as sedentary regarding their leisure activities, according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), i. e., they had not even spent ten minutes/week doing these activities. The sample comprised 121 older adults, divided in three groups: class (CG), stimulus (SG) and control ones. Groups CG and SG underwent two different interventions for three months. Members of CG took part in two 60-minute classes per week with aerobic activities and flexibility, balance and muscle strengthening exercises. Older adults in the SG got a folder with questions about the benefits of carrying out physical activities, besides information on how to practice them; follow-up involved phone calls during this period. Evaluation was performed by re-applying the IPAQ at the end of the interventions (T90) and three months after that (T180). The control group was reevaluated after 180 days (T180). Variance analysis of repeated measures (T90 and T180) with a categorical factor of three levels (Class, Stimulus and Control) showed that, at the end of the interventions (T90 days), the older adults in CG had significantly increased their weekly average of physical activities by comparison with the ones in the SG (111.1 min/week and 42.7 min/week, respectively). However, the evaluation that was performed three weeks after the end of the interventions (T180) showed that the average of both groups was similar (71.5 min/week and 71.8 min/week) and superior to the one collected in the control group (43.3 min/week). Therefore, I have concluded that strategies which comprise classes or handing out folders with guidelines about physical activities, followed by phone calls, have similar effects. Both contribute to decrease in sedentarianism levels of older adults’ free time by comparison with the control group.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

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Jones, Jason L. "Pedometer intervention to increase physical activity of patients entering a maintenance cardiac rehabilitation program." Muncie, IN : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/654.

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28

Harnirattisai, Teeranut. "Exercise, physical activity, and physical performance in Thai elders after knee replacement surgery : a behavioral change intervention study /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3115553.

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29

Lee, Morgan Sophia. "Development and Evaluation of a Hypocrisy Induction Intervention for Exercise." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6109.

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Hypocrisy induction is a dissonance-based intervention approach that has been successful in changing a number of health-related behaviors; however, no published studies have evaluated a hypocrisy induction intervention for exercise. The present two-stage study involved developing and subsequently evaluating a hypocrisy induction intervention for exercise in a small-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT). Outcomes of interest were intention to exercise, immediate physical activity-related behavior choice, and short-term (one-week) changes in self-reported exercise and objectively assessed physical activity. Self-esteem was evaluated as a potential moderator of intervention effects. After two rounds of pilot testing in the Development Phase, the intervention was evaluated in a sample of 120 participants (60 each in the exercise intervention and no-intervention control conditions). Participants who received the intervention reported significantly greater intention to exercise than did control participants who did not receive the intervention (p = .02, d = 0.43). Small effects in favor of the intervention were also found for self-reported exercise and objectively assessed physical activity (d = .21 - .35), but these effects were nonsignificant. Self-esteem influenced the effect of the intervention on self-reported exercise: The intervention was more effective for participants with lower levels of self-esteem. The present findings provide preliminary support for use of hypocrisy induction interventions in exercise promotion, but additional research is needed to determine for whom and in what situations this approach is best used.

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Villalobos, Cynthia. "Exercise and patient populations: A community-based exercise intervention on cancer and Type 2 diabetes." Scholarly Commons, 2019. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3606.

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Cancer and diabetes are the second and seventh leading causes of death in the United States, respectively (Kochanek et al., 2017). When including prediabetes and the entire cancer continuum, both diseases affect over 150 million individuals in the United States each year (Bullard et al., 2018; Siegel et al., 2019). Furthermore, there exists an alarming rise in patients presenting with both type 2 diabetes and obesity-related cancers concurrently, as both diseases share similar risk factors (Vigneri et al., 2009). An aging adult population, physical inactivity and unhealthy eating habits are continuing to rise, and the prevalence of individuals with obesity-related cancers and type 2 diabetes are expected to increase in a parallel manner. Cancer and type 2 diabetes are projected to increase over the next 30 years by greater than 45%. (Smith et al., 2009; Rowley et al., 2017). Exercise can serve as a modifiable risk factor for multiple chronic diseases, including cancer and diabetes (Booth et al., 2012). Additionally, exercise can optimize the disease prognosis by subduing the physical and psychological hardships that often accompany a diseased state (Pederson et al., 2006). Despite the various health benefits and its role in the primary prevention of chronic disease, studies have found as many as 95% of US adults are considered physically inactive by the US Department of Health and Human Services (Troiano et al., 2008). Even more troublesome, patients of these particular populations also fail to participate in regular physical activity despite its positive effect on disease management and prognosis. It is estimated that as little as 10% of the cancer community is active during their treatment and 60% of the diabetes community are physically inactive in the United States (Garcia et al., 2014; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). However, these rates are expected to be inaccurate as many studies quantify physical activity through self-reported questionnaires and are likely overestimated by patients (Schrack et al., 2017). The relationships that exist between physical activity and multiple chronic diseases are extensively investigated worldwide. Such studies are often in well-funded, controlled, and tightly regulated interventions. Though effective at providing quality research and credible outcomes, the interventions fail to accurately represent the challenges and expected outcomes of cancer patients and individuals with diabetes participating in a community based intervention. Additionally, large high-quality clinical trials make it difficult to translate research interventions into routine clinical practice, as real-world health care systems often do not have extensive funds to provide exquisite care. Our study, a community-based intervention with limited funding, sought to bridge this gap in the research. This 10-week exercise intervention focused on the physiological, physical, and psychological changes of 157 cancer survivors and 67 non-insulin dependent type 2 diabetes patients. Subjects participated in comprehensive biweekly exercise sessions that included aerobic, resistance, and flexibility training. All participants were evaluated on cardiometabolic risk factors, anthropometric measurements, physical functioning, and psychological well-being prior and succeeding the intervention. Multiple findings were identified concerning retention trends, and changes in psychological health, anthropometric profiles, cardiometabolic risk factors, and physical functioning among both groups. The diabetes group underwent improvements in HbA1c and Quality of Life (QOL). The cancer group experienced improvements in physical functionality, fatigue, and insomnia. Factors that determined program retention within the cancer group were also determined. Our findings help to demonstrate the expected outcomes of an exercise trial in a community-setting. These outcomes will provide further insight on how to create exercise programs that are most effective for individuals with diabetes and cancer patients in a community setting with limited resources.

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Markin, Carrie. "Mentors in motion : a physical activity intervention for obese adolescents." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97961.

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Childhood overweight and obesity has become a significant health concern worldwide. Obese youth are now being diagnosed with health complications and chronic diseases previously observed only among older adults. In order to improve their health and decrease their risk of premature mortality, secondary prevention is essential. To help guide development of an effective intervention program for obese youth referred to specialized clinical care, a chart review was conducted on adolescents seeking physician treatment for obesity. Data indicate that this patient population suffers from obesity-related health complications, faces social issues and exhibits lifestyle practices predisposing them to weight gain. Given that physical inactivity is one major risk factor for obesity in this population, a logic model and training module have been developed for a physical activity intervention program, with nutrition interventions to soon be incorporated. This program, called Mentors in Motion, provides mentoring to obese youth as a means of enabling positive changes in physical activity behaviors, mental well-being and overall health. A pilot study research protocol was also developed as part of the thesis activity to test the effectiveness of Mentors in Motion and to determine further program needs and enhancements. The pilot study has been funded by the Canadian Institutes for Health Research and is underway.

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Ulbrich, Sherri. "A stage-based community intervention to promote physical activity in healthy adults." free to MU campus, to others for purchase free online, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/preview?3052224.

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Wolfe, Megan E. "An Evaluation of an Exercise Adherence Intervention Using the Social Cognitive." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1229800264.

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Middleton, Juliana D. "Facilitation of Social Cognitive Constructs in an Employee Wellness Exercise Intervention Program." TopSCHOLAR®, 2009. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/54/.

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Howard, Barbara M. "Self-concept and attraction to physical activity: The effectiveness of an intervention programme to enhance children's level of physical activity." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/38.

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According to motivational theory physical self-perceptions are crucial to the intrinsic desire to engage in physical activity through play, games, and sport. While there has been prolific research with middle primary and older children little is known of the importance of young children's physical self-concept and their motivation to engage in physical activity. This study had three major purposes. Firstly it aimed to examine the relationship between children's self-concept, their attraction to physical activity, and level of physical activity. The second purpose of the study was to examine differences between boys' and girls' self-concept, attraction to physical activity and level of physical activity. The third purpose was to examine the effectiveness of an intervention programme designed to enhance children's level of physical activity.

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HOWARD, Barbara, and barbara howard@ecu edu au. "Self-concept and attraction to physical activity: The effectiveness of an intervention programme to enhance children?s level of physical activity." Edith Cowan University. Computing, Health And Science: School Of Exercise, Biomedical & Health Science, 2007. http://adt.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0032.html.

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According to motivational theory physical self-perceptions are crucial to the intrinsic desire to engage in physical activity through play, games, and sport. While there has been prolific research with middle primary and older children little is known of the importance of young children's physical self-concept and their motivation to engage in physical activity. This study had three major purposes. Firstly it aimed to examine the relationship between children's self-concept, their attraction to physical activity, and level of physical activity. The second purpose of the study was to examine differences between boys' and girls' self-concept, attraction to physical activity and level of physical activity. The third purpose was to examine the effectiveness of an intervention programme designed to enhance children's level of physical activity.

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Miner, Jared Todd. "Enabling Exercise Prescription: Developing a Comprehensive Intervention Strategy for Exercise Counseling and Prescription in Family Medicine." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1302270180.

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Pomeroy, Sherry Lynn Hobgood. "Increasing physical activity in rural elderly." Free to MU Campus, others may purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3115579.

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Magoĉ, Dejan. "The evaluation of a web-based physical activity intervention in a predominantly Hispanic college population." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Creasy, Jessica Anne. "Impact of physical activity intervention for weight loss a qualitative analysis of participant perceptions and expectations /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5981.

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Dutton, Shona Nicole Public Health &amp Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Effectiveness of a GP exercise referral scheme as an intervention to promote physical activity in general practice." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Public Health & Community Medicine, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44617.

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Background: Many Australians do not meet recommended levels of physical activity and GPs can play an important role in addressing this. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise referral scheme, in patients referred by their general practitioner (GP). Design: A pre post evaluation with measurement of outcomes immediately post intervention (five weeks) and again at six months. Intervention: The 42 patients that agreed to participate in the study took part in an initial fitness and lifestyle assessment with an exercise physiologist. They then undertook ten exercise sessions over a period of five weeks, following an individually prescribed exercise program. At the completion of the ten exercise sessions, participants were reassessed (fitness and lifestyle) by the exercise physiologist. This was repeated again six months after they completed the intervention. Main outcomes measured: The primary outcomes measured were changes in self reported physical activity and associated markers including cardiovascular fitness. Secondary outcomes measured include changes in physiological and anthropometric measures, behavioural risk factors (dietary behaviour, alcohol consumption and smoking) and quality of life. Patient well-being (using SF12), patient satisfaction and GP satisfaction with the program was also assessed. Results: There was a large withdrawal of participants. Results have been presented in terms of outcome frequency at each assessment point. There was an 18% increase (from baseline) in the proportion of participants achieving the Australian physical activity guidelines and a 31% increase between baseline and the six month follow-up assessment in those that completed the program. There were statistically significant improvements in cardiovascular fitness measures and small improvements in some physiological, anthropometric, dietary behaviours and general well being measures. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that referral to a community based leisure centre for supervised exercise, supported by a written exercise prescription by an exercise physiologist, may be effective in increasing physical activity levels short and long term in those that complete the program. Exercise referrals can form part of national strategies to increase physical activity, particularly for primary care.

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Dayton, Janalee. "The influence of an internet-delivered physical activity intervention on food intake in previously sedentary and overweight adults." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1674961261&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Gremaud, Allene L. "MapTrek as a mobile health intervention for increasing physical activity levels in sedentary office workers." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5485.

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Background: The health benefits of regular physical activity are well known and include the prevention of chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Still, only 20% of U.S. adults report meeting the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. With approximately 43% of U.S. jobs considered sedentary, there is a need for effective workplace physical activity interventions. MapTrek is a mobile health game designed to increase daily physical activity in a low-cost, scalable, and enjoyable way. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to test the efficacy of MapTrek for increasing daily steps and moderate-intensity steps over 10 weeks in a sample of sedentary office workers. Methods: Participants included 144 full-time sedentary office workers ages 21-65 who reported sitting at least 75% of their workday. Each participant received a Fitbit Zip to wear daily throughout the intervention. Participants were randomized to either a: 1) Fitbit only group or 2) Fitbit + MapTrek group. Physical activity outcomes and intervention compliance were measured with the Fitbit activity monitor. Results: The Fitbit + MapTrek group significantly increased daily steps (+2,091.5 steps/day) and active minutes (+11.2 minutes/day) compared to the Fitbit only arm. Conclusions: These data support MapTrek as an effective approach for increasing physical activity at a clinically meaningful level in sedentary office workers.

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Cornelius, Colleen. "A CLASSROOM-BASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY INTERVENTION FOR ADOLESCENTS: IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP WITH SELF-EFFICACY, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND ON-TASK BEHAVIOR?" UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edp_etds/77.

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Classroom-based physical activity is a newly explored avenue for providing physical activity opportunities to children within the school, but it is one that is showing academic gains in areas such as on-task behavior. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of pedal desks placed in high school classrooms. Three main objectives were examined: 1) The possible increase in physical activity self-efficacy among high school students in the classroom, 2) the effectiveness of pedal desks on increased physical activity among high school students, and 3) the impact of pedal desks on increasing classroom on-task behavior. Participants included 114 high school students in a traditional high school setting. All of the students were enrolled in two Junior Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (JROTC) teachers’ classrooms. The design was quasi-experimental. Two teachers and their respective classes were randomly assigned to a treatment or wait list control group. The study included a baseline and 2 waves. Researchers gathered demographic information of students, as well as pre- and post-data on self-efficacy and physical activity participation. On-task behavior of students was also collected daily by researchers via momentary time sampling. Results indicated lower self-efficacy confidence for the treatment group compared to the control group at the end of the study after controlling for initial scores. Significance was also found for heart rate. Limitations and implications are discussed.

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Newton, Melissa J. "An exercise intervention for women undergoing chemotherapy for ovarian cancer : feasibility and preliminary outcomes." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/45452/1/Melissa_Newton_Thesis.pdf.

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Exercise interventions during adjuvant cancer treatment have been shown to increase functional capacity, relieve fatigue and distress and in one recent study, assist chemotherapy completion. These studies have been limited to breast, prostate or mixed cancer groups and it is not yet known if a similar intervention is even feasible among women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Women undergoing treatment for ovarian cancer commonly have extensive pelvic surgery followed by high intensity chemotherapy. It is hypothesized that women with ovarian cancer may benefit most from a customised exercise intervention during chemotherapy treatment. This could reduce the number and severity of chemotherapy-related side-effects and optimize treatment adherence. Hence, the aim of the research was to assess feasibility and acceptability of a walking intervention in women with ovarian cancer whilst undergoing chemotherapy, as well as pre-post intervention changes in a range of physical and psychological outcomes. Newly diagnosed women with ovarian cancer were recruited from the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital (RBWH), to participate in a walking program throughout chemotherapy. The study used a one group pre- post-intervention test design. Baseline (conducted following surgery but prior to the first or second chemotherapy cycles) and follow-up (conducted three weeks after the last chemotherapy dose was received) assessments were performed. To accommodate changes in side-effects associated with treatment, specific weekly walking targets with respect to frequency, intensity and duration, were individualised for each participant. To assess feasibility, adherence and compliance with prescribed walking sessions, withdrawals and adverse events were recorded. Physical and psychological outcomes assessed included functional capacity, body composition, anxiety and depression, symptoms experienced during treatment and quality of life. Chemotherapy completion data was also documented and self-reported program helpfulness was assessed using a questionnaire post intervention. Forty-two women were invited to participate. Nine women were recruited, all of whom completed the program. There were no adverse events associated with participating in the intervention and all women reported that the walking program was helpful during their neo-adjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy treatment. Adherence and compliance to the walking prescription was high. On average, women achieved at least two of their three individual weekly prescription targets 83% of the time (range 42% to 94%). Positive changes were found in functional capacity and quality of life, in addition to reductions in the number and intensity of treatment-associated symptoms over the course of the intervention period. Functional capacity increased for all nine women from baseline to follow-up assessment, with improvements ranging from 10% to 51%. Quality of life improvements were also noted, especially in the physical well-being scale (baseline: median 18; follow-up: median 23). Treatment symptoms reduced in presence and severity, specifically, in constipation, pain and fatigue, post intervention. These positive yet preliminary results suggest that a walking intervention for women receiving chemotherapy for ovarian cancer is safe, feasible and acceptable. Importantly, women perceived the program to be helpful and rewarding, despite being conducted during a time typically associated with elevated distress and treatment symptoms that are often severe enough to alter or cease chemotherapy prescription.

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Gehrman, Christine Amerika. "Effects of a physical activity and nutrition intervention on body image in pre-adolescents /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3083465.

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Grim, Melissa L. "Preliminary evaluation of a web-based physical activity course." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1070396132.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 264 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Rick Petosa, Dept. of Physical Activity and Educational Services. Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-210).

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Hackney, Madeleine E., Courtney D. Hall, Katharina V. Echt, and Steven L. Wolf. "Application of Adapted Tango as Therapeutic Intervention for Patients With Chronic Stroke." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/553.

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Background and Purpose: Dance has demonstrated beneficial effects on mobility in older individuals with movement disorders; yet, effects of partnered dance remain unexamined in individuals with chronic stroke. The purpose of this study was to describe the effects of adapted tango classes on balance, mobility, gait, endurance, dual-task ability, quality of life (QOL), and enjoyment in an older individual with chronic stroke and visual impairment. Case Description: D.L. was a 73-year-old African American man, 13 years poststroke with spastic hemiplegia, visual impairment, and multiple comorbidities. Intervention: D.L. attended 20 1?-hour tango classes adapted for older individuals with sensory and motor impairments over 11 weeks. Outcomes: Measures of balance, mobility, gait, endurance, dual-task ability, and QOL were evaluated before and after the intervention and at 1-month follow-up. D.L. improved on the Berg Balance Scale, 30-s chair stand, Timed Up and Go (single, manual, and cognitive conditions), 6-Minute Walk Test, and backward gait speed. Not all measures improved: balance confidence decreased, and there was no change in forward and fast gait speed or QOL, as measured by the Short Form-12 and the Visual Function Questionnaire–25. Some gains were maintained at one-month follow-up. D.L. reported enjoying the classes, noted improvement in physical well-being, and wanted to continue the program. Discussion: Thirty hours of adapted tango lessons improved balance, mobility, endurance, and dual-task ability in a participant with chronic stroke. The participant enjoyed the classes, was adherent, and wished to continue. This is the first reported use of adapted tango dance as rehabilitation for an individual with chronic stroke and low vision.

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Brown, Paul, Cleo Lazjerowicz, Aislin Martin, Margaret Phillips, Michelle Yeates, and Linda Li. "Physical Therapy Exercise Interventions in Tendinosis Injuries." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/129.

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Lee, Li-Ching, and 李麗晶. "Effects of lifestyle and exercise interventions on physical activity behavior, cognition, and physical fitness in adults." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58094985692292491225.

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博士
國立臺灣師範大學
體育學系
100
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of lifestyle intervention and exercise intervention on physical activity behaviour, cognition, and physical fitness in adults. Quasi design was utilized. A total of 60 middle-age adults, aged 30-60 (mean age 40.2 ± 7.6 years), were assigned to lifestyle, exercise, or control groups. Three months of intervention and six months of follow-up were conducted. Physical activity behaviour, cognition, and physical fitness were assessed at the beginning of the study, 3 months and again 9 months into the study. Data were analyzed by ANCOVA, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test, and One Way ANOVA. Results were as follows: (1) physical activity in both lifestyle and exercise groups showed significant improvement compared to control group at the end of the intervention. Stage of change in both lifestyle group and exercise group also showed significant improvement; (2) cardiorespiratory endurance in exercise group showed significant improvement compared to both lifestyle and control groups; (3) physical activity in both lifestyle and exercise groups showed significant improvement compared to control group in the follow-up assessments. Stage of change was significantly enhanced in lifestyle group only. Furthermore, both exercise self-efficacy and decision balance were significantly improved in lifestyle group compared to both exercise and control groups; and (4) muscular fitness in lifestyle group showed significant improvement in the follow-up assessments compared to both exercise and control groups. The conclusions were as follows: Among middle-aged adults, (1) both lifestyle and exercise interventions are effective in enhancing physical activity behaviour and stage of change; (2) exercise intervention is effective in improving cardiorespiratory endurance; (3) both lifestyle and exercise interventions are effective in improving physical activity behaviour and stage of change at the end of the 6-month follow-up period; while self- efficacy and decision balance were enhanced only in the lifestyle intervention group; and (4) lifestyle intervention is effective in improving the muscular fitness in the follow-up assessments.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Physical exercise interventions'

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