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1
Wright, Chris, John Buxcey, Sandy Gibbons, John Cairney, Michelle Barrette, and Patti-Jean Naylor. "A Pragmatic Feasibility Trial Examining the Effect of Job Embedded Professional Development on Teachers’ Capacity to Provide Physical Literacy Enriched Physical Education in Elementary Schools." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12 (June 18, 2020): 4386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124386.
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A gap in physical literacy (PL) oriented professional development (PD) for generalist teachers exists and thus their capacity to develop PL and maximize student health is potentially limited. We explored the feasibility of a novel job-embedded professional development (JEPD) program (10 weeks) and its impact on teachers’ capacity to deliver PL-enriched physical education (PE) and student PL. A pragmatic feasibility trial with mixed methods included quantitative measurements of teacher PL, knowledge and confidence (pre), and knowledge, confidence, satisfaction and intention (post), as well as self-reported change, to evaluate the impact on teacher capacity and practices. A pre–post comparison of student PL outcomes (motor skills using PLAYbasic, Sport for Life, Victoria, BC, Canada) during the JEPD and teacher implementation phase explored the impact on student PL. In total, 15/44 teachers participated in surveys and 11/44 completed interviews (87% female, mean age bracket = 25–44 years). Confidence to deliver PL enhancing PE increased significantly after JEPD (p < 0.0001). Teachers were highly satisfied with the JEPD (X = 4.67/5) and intended to change their practices (X = 4.09/5). At three months, teachers reported changes including enhanced lesson planning, increased activity variety (often from the JEPD), intentional skill development, student-focused discussions, introductory, transition, and closing activities, and more equipment adaptations. During JEPD, with the exception of throwing (p < 0.0001), children’s (47% female, mean age = 7.9 (1.7)) change in running, jumping, kicking and balance walking backwards did not differ from usual practice (UP). During teacher implementation, motor skill competence regressed; confounding factors could not be ruled out. JEPD appears feasible and effective for changing teacher capacity to deliver PL and enhancing PE; however, post-JEPD teacher implementation and outcomes need further exploration.
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Petrass, Lauren A., Kate Simpson, Jenny Blitvich, Rhiannon Birch, and Bernadette Matthews. "Exploring the impact of a student-centred survival swimming programme for primary school students in Australia: the perceptions of parents, children and teachers." European Physical Education Review 27, no. 3 (February 3, 2021): 684–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336x20985880.
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Teaching basic swimming, water safety and rescue skills is recommended by the World Health Organization for all school-aged children. However, there is a lack of evidence on effective pedagogies to develop swimming competency and the success of swimming lessons as a drowning prevention intervention. This study used a self-report questionnaire and practical testing procedures to examine the effectiveness of a 10-week student-centred aquatic programme designed for children aged 10–12 years. The study also determined whether the non-traditional swimming programme was accepted by swim teachers, school teachers and principals, and parents from a range of schools from different geographical regions in Victoria, Australia. A total of 204 students were enrolled in the programme. The pre-programme results indicated a good level of swimming, water safety and aquatic knowledge, but low swimming ability. Swimming ability significantly improved from pre-programme to post-programme, with no significant post-programme ability differences between male and female children or for participants from different programmes. Qualitative feedback collected through questionnaires, interviews and/or focus groups from students ( n = 73) and parents ( n = 69), school teachers and principals ( n = 14), swim teachers and swim school managers ( n = 21) indicated strong support from principals and swim teachers for the student-centred pedagogy, and all stakeholders valued the focus on survival swimming competencies. This research highlights the importance of including stakeholders when designing and implementing aquatics programmes. The study has resulted in a well-founded, effective programme with tailored resources and instructional materials that are available for swim centres and schools that would enable schools globally to adopt and implement this programme.
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McLeod, Julie. "Experimenting with education: spaces of freedom and alternative schooling in the 1970s." History of Education Review 43, no. 2 (September 30, 2014): 172–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-03-2014-0019.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore philosophies of progressive education circulating in Australia in the period immediately following the expansion of secondary schools in the 1960s. It examines the rise of the alternative and community school movement of the 1970s, focusing on initiatives within the Victorian government school sector. It aims to better understand the realisation of progressive education in the design and spatial arrangements of schools, with specific reference to the re-making of school and community relations and new norms of the student-subject of alternative schooling. Design/methodology/approach – It combines historical analysis of educational ideas and reforms, focusing largely on the ideas of practitioners and networks of educators, and is guided by an interest in the importance of school space and place in mediating educational change and aspirations. It draws on published writings and reports from teachers and commentators in the 1970s, publications from the Victorian Department of Education, media discussions, internal and published documentation on specific schools and oral history interviews with former teachers and principals who worked at alternative schools. Findings – It shows the different realisation of radical aims in the set up of two schools, against a backdrop of wider innovations in state education, looking specifically at the imagined effects of re-arranging the physical and symbolic space of schooling. Originality/value – Its value lies in offering the beginnings of a history of 1970s educational progressivism. It brings forward a focus on the spatial dimensions of radical schooling, and moves from characterisation of a mood of change to illuminate the complexities of these ideas in the contrasting ambitions and design of two signature community schools.
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Martens, Fred L. "Selection of Physical Education Students and Success in Student Teaching." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 6, no. 4 (July 1987): 411–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.6.4.411.
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This is an extension of a 1977 study on the effectiveness, in terms of success in student teaching, of a process for screening students for a physical education teacher preparation program. Preentry data including interview ratings, secondary school GPAs, and skill and fitness scores, as well as postentry data including university GPAs, were correlated with student teaching ratings (STRs) on a total of402 graduates between 1967 and 1983 at the University of Victoria. In the 1986 study, in addition to the correlations, ANOVAs were computed. The correlation matrix revealed significant but low positive correlations between secondary GPAs and university GPAs generally, and between STR and 3rd-, 4th-, and 5th-year GPA, respectively. ANOVAs revealed no significant differences in achieved STRs between interview categories, teaching attitude categories, or the four levels of entering GPAs. The only predictive power of preentry data was exhibited by entering GPA in presaging academic attainment in the 5-year program. In general, no preentry data were helpful in predicting teaching success.
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Tutkun, Erkut, Ilyas Gorgut, and Ibrahim Erdemir. "Physical Education Teachers’ Views about Character Education." International Education Studies 10, no. 11 (October 29, 2017): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v10n11p86.
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The purpose of this study is to find out the views of teachers of physical education about how they define character education, whether they think national education curriculum and the curriculum of private schools are suitable for character education and whether they think character education can be applied in physical education lessons. Case report design was used in this study which was prepared with qualitative research method. The sample group of the study consists of 6 physical education teachers working in 3 secondary schools and 2 high schools of Kutahya city center which were determined with easily accessible case sampling method, which is one of the purposive sampling methods. Individual interviews which lasted for an average of 15-20 minutes were conducted with physical education teachers within the context of semi-structured interview technique. The participants were informed that the interviews would be voice recorded and later their expressions would be written down to avoid data loss and after necessary permissions were taken, the interviews were recorded. Descriptive and content analysis methods were used to analyze the expressions which were converted into text. The results of the analyses showed that physical education teachers defined character education as changes that occurred in individuals’ behaviors first in the family, then at school and the education conducted to teach individuals socially accepted and correct behaviors. In addition, it was found that the teachers stated that the current curriculum of the country and also physical education curriculum were not suitable for character education; however, since it is a social lesson and since participants are continuously active and in communication, physical education lessons can be more effective than other lessons in terms of character development.
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Sağin, Ahmet Enes, Sinan Uğraş, and Mehmet Güllü. "Bullying in Physical Education: Awareness of Physical Education Teachers." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 95, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2022-0010.
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Abstract This study investigates how physical education (PE) teachers make sense of peer bullying, which types of behaviors they associate with peer bullying, their opinions about these behaviors, and methods for preventing bullying. The study group consisted of 18 PE teachers. The interview technique was used as a qualitative research method in the study. The data obtained after one-on-one interviews were analyzed through content analysis. According to the data obtained, PE teachers are the most important variable in the decrease or increase of peer bullying in classes. However, PE classes provide a suitable environment for the emergence of peer bullying. Additionally, bullying caused by the individual characteristics of students and environmental reasons can increase in schools, and there are generally no collective intervention programs within schools to prevent it. According to the teachers’ opinions, some of the important results are that students who are exposed to bullying experience the same fear every week in PE lessons, and although it is known that the majority of them do not want to participate in the activity in order to avoid being bullied, no solution can be found.
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Lee, Hong-Min. "Physical education teachers’ perceptions of professional socialization." Journal of Kinesiology & Wellness 4, no. 1 (November 1, 2015): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.56980/jkw.v4i1.23.
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The purpose of this study was to examine factors affecting positive professional socialization of physical education (PE) teachers. The participants were one elementary and two middle school PE teachers. Data were collected through field notes during passive participant observations, two semi-structured formal interviews and informal interviews, and document analysis of autographical posters. Thematic analysis was employed to examine data. The triangulation of data and member checks were utilized to establish trustworthiness. Results showed that the three PE teachers strengthened their teaching perceptions during professional socialization. The following key themes were identified in the study: impact from physical education teacher education faculty, positive experiences in method courses, positive experiences in early field experiences and student teaching, and close supervision from classroom teachers and university supervisors. The findings of the study suggested that different socializing events played a significant role in shaping positive perspectives during early field experiences, physical education teacher education courses, and student teaching.
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Williams, Jacqueline A. "Teacher Moonlighting: Interviews with Physical Educators." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 13, no. 1 (October 1993): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.13.1.62.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenomenon of public school physical education teachers holding multiple jobs. Data were collected through interviews of 17 secondary physical education teachers who described their motives and perceptions concerning the combination of teaching and moonlighting. Each teacher was interviewed twice. In the first interview participants were encouraged to identify what they regarded as the realities of moonlighting. Prior to the second interview, participants read through the transcript of the first interview, which documented primary areas of interest and items that required amplification or exploration. Three particular themes appear to be both common and powerful in the professional lives of physical education teachers: (a) a life-cycle squeeze, (b) pushed out of teaching, and (c) pulled out of teaching. It is apparent that a number of factors such as economics, personal history, spouses, administrators, and subject matter contribute to determining whether, when, and how moonlighting will occur.
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Nampai, Udon, Caly Setiawan, and Jeremy T. Yeats. "Teachers’ beliefs about the trends of current physical education." Jurnal Penelitian dan Evaluasi Pendidikan 26, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/pep.v26i1.50397.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the beliefs among professionals in the field of physical education in elementary level, more specifically in the context of Thailand. The participants were five exemplary elementary PE teachers. All participants signed informed consent prior to data collection. We used semi-structured interviews in order to gather information of participants’ beliefs. Each interview lasted approximately 45 minutes. All interviews were audio recorded and later transcribed for analysis. Data collection occurred in two ways: (a) in-depth semi-structured interviews (b) semi-structured follow-up interviews. Data were analyzed using a thematic coding procedure in order to find the significant statements that related to research questions. Results showed three themes constructed from data analysis including trends: (1) to teach foundation of basic skills that moved beyond sport oriented PE, (2) to consider physical education for Health and the integrated physical education, and (3) to perceive limited time to deliver contemporary physical education. We conclude that the beliefs about the trends in physical education has been aligned with the global trends in physical education. These cover topic areas of skill development and health issues with strong emphasis on physical education that serves the best interests of the children. Relevant stakeholders should then ensure that physical education will be delivered according to the interest of today’s children. Future research should seriously focus on this specific area of study, encompassing policy, program, and practice of physical education.
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Parker, Jenny. "Secondary Teachers’ Views of Effective Teaching in Physical Education." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 14, no. 2 (January 1995): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.14.2.127.
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The purpose of this study was to reconstruct high school physical education teachers’ views of effective teaching and to examine the underlying rationales behind these definitions. The participants were 14 experienced high school physical education teachers. Three methods of data collection were employed: critical incidents, the Q-sort technique, and informal interviews. Inductive content analysis was used to examine the critical incident forms, and the resulting themes formed the items in the Q-sort. The teachers’ underlying rationales for the rankings in the Q-sort were examined in the informal interviews. The overall results revealed that the majority of the teachers in this study defined effective teaching as a hierarchy of pedagogical practices in which organization, management, discipline, and control form the base, with student success being the ultimate goal.
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Kloeppel, Tiffany, Pamela Hodges Kulinna, Michalis Stylianou, and Hans van der Mars. "Teacher Fidelity to One Physical Education Curricular Model." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 32, no. 2 (April 2013): 186–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.32.2.186.
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This study addressed teachers’ fidelity to one Physical Education curricular model. The theoretical framework guiding this study included professional development and fidelity to curricular models. In this study, teachers’ fidelity to the Dynamic Physical Education (DPE) curricular model was measured for high and nonsupport district groups. Participants were 20 Physical Education teachers. Ten teachers worked in a highly supportive district, while 10 teachers worked in nonsupportive districts. Data were collected using field notes, a DPE observation instrument, and informal interviews. Two themes emerged from the data: (a) district support led to higher teacher fidelity levels to the DPE curriculum, and (b) the teachers from the nonsupport district implemented management procedures differently than the high support district teachers.
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Tsangaridou, Niki. "Classroom Teachers’ Reflections on Teaching Physical Education." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 24, no. 1 (January 2005): 24–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.24.1.24.
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The aim of this study was to explore preservice classroom teacher reflection in a physical education teaching and learning environment and to describe how the teachers’ reflections related to their practices. Two preservice classroom teachers voluntarily participated in the study. Data were collected using observations, journals, documents, and interviews and were analyzed inductively (Patton, 1990). Four major themes emerged from the data: (a) the role of reflection, (b) reflection in action and reflection on action, (c) agency for changes in teaching, and (d) nature and focus of reflection. Findings suggested that the two participants considered reflection a necessity in teaching. Student progress and learning was the most powerful agency for changes to the participants’ practices. Results also indicated that the participants’ reflections related to pedagogical, content, and social issues of teaching, as well as pedagogical content knowledge, and that the nature of their reflection was mostly positive across the lessons.
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Perron, Josée, and Peggy J. Downey. "Management Techniques Used by High School Physical Education Teachers." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 17, no. 1 (October 1997): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.17.1.72.
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The purpose of this study was to describe the management techniques used by high school physical education teachers immediately before (preactive) and after (reactive) student behavior. Eight experienced physical educators were videotaped as they each taught four lessons of their regular schedule. Formal and informal interviews with the teachers were audiotaped and/or recorded in field notes. Management techniques observed during lessons or described during interviews were analyzed by deduction using the 22 categories of Henkel’s (1991) Physical Education Pupil Control Inventory (PEPCI). New categories were developed by induction to accommodate observed or discussed techniques that could not be coded into Henkel’s categories. These secondary physical education teachers used 28 different management techniques, including 21 (75%) from Henkel’s PEPCI and 7 (25%) others observed by the researcher or described by the teachers. Findings contribute to a foundation for further research into the positive management of student behavior.
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Banville, Dominique. "Novice Physical Education Teachers Learning to Teach." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 34, no. 2 (April 2015): 259–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2013-0129.
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Support, or lack thereof, is often cited as the main reason for teachers to leave the profession early on (Ingersoll, 2003). Feiman-Nemser (2001) identifies five Central Tasks associated with Learning to Teach (CTLT) that could focus the support novice teachers need during their induction years: learning the teaching context (TC), designing responsive instructional program (IP), creating a classroom learning community (CC), enacting a beginning repertoire (BR) and developing their professional identity (PI). The purpose of the study is to examine the CTLT that novice physical education teachers use in their first and second years of their teaching career. Twenty-one physical education teachers accepted the study parameters to be observed and interviewed during their first year of teaching, and 15 teachers continued the data collection into their second year. Interviews revealed that these teachers focused mainly on BR and TC. Little focus was given to IP, CC, and PI. Results indicate the need for effective mentoring and continuous support through their induction years on BR and TC, but also expand novice teachers’ focus to address the additional categories.
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Zhang, Dong. "Occupational socialization in pre-service physical education teachers." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 21, 2022): e0271772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271772.
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The purpose of this study was to examine differences in occupational socialization (OS) among pre-service physical education teachers’ (PPETs) in four year groups. 238 PPETs from a Chinese university. An online survey and the semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The younger PPETs felt more prepared and believed in the benefit of professional development more than the older PPETs. The PPETs’ acculturation had a critical influence on their OS. The lack of early field experience may explain why the seniors felt less confident than their younger counterparts. This study would contribute a new angle to discuss the OS and physical education teacher education program quality, especially the design of the teaching practice opportunities, together.
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Tolgfors, Björn. "Transformative assessment in physical education." European Physical Education Review 25, no. 4 (November 28, 2018): 1211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336x18814863.
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This article focuses on assessment processes in the school subject of physical education (PE). Inspired by Torrance, the overarching research question is: ‘What might assessment involve if it focuses on the development and identification of collective understanding, collaboratively produced through educational experiences?’ The purpose of the study is to illustrate what characterises transformative assessment and show how it can be addressed in PE practice. A combination of group interviews with teachers, lesson observations and individual interviews with students and teachers was used to gather the empirical material. The analysis was based on three aspects of transformative assessment: responsibilisation; subjectification; and collaboration. Three empirical illustrations show what transformative assessment might involve in relation to learning tasks such as: the training log; the group choreography; and the case of exercise physiology. The views presented in this article contribute to the knowledge about the field in the following ways. First, the illustrations show that the ‘whats’, ‘hows’, ‘whoms’ and ‘whys’ in the assessment practice are often negotiable, which prevents a simplified understanding of the four aspects of assessment literacy: comprehension; application; interpretation; and critical engagement. Second, the notion of transformative assessment could hinder a reductive use of assessment for learning and promote collaborative learning and social justice in today’s heterogeneous PE practices.
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Todorovich, John R. "Extremely Ego-Oriented Preservice Teachers’ Perspectives on Teaching Physical Education." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 28, no. 2 (April 2009): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.28.2.155.
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Social constructivists posit that learning involves social interactions among individuals in a given place and time. Since teachers play a significant role in how social interactions are developed and determined in the school classroom, it is important to learn how teachers make decisions about their teaching behaviors and interactions with their students. Because extreme ego orientations have been shown to have a mediating effect on performance behavior in achievement settings, the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential mediating effect of an extreme ego orientation on preservice teachers’ perspectives on teaching physical education. Data collection consisted of two formal interviews, several informal interviews, and observations of the participants’ teaching. Five themes reflecting the teaching perspectives held by the participants emerged from the data: (a) teachers must maintain control and manage their classes, (b) the best students should be singled out, (c) physical education is an isolated subject area, (c) physical education and athletics are inherently linked, and (d) because only the best can do physical education well, teachers must grade on effort. Findings demonstrate how extreme ego orientations were actualized in preservice teachers’ perspectives of teaching.
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Muhtar, Tatang, and Ruswan Dallyono. "CHARACTER EDUCATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVES OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS." Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan 39, no. 2 (June 19, 2020): 395–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/cp.v39i2.30647.
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Physical Education (PE) in elementary schools has so far been extensively geared towards achieving character goals. However, not all of these goals have been well accomplished by teachers. This research aims to examine three fundamental issues in PE practice, i.e., to define PE teachers perceptions of character education, to identify problems of PE teachers in promoting character education, and to determine whether PE teachers consider character education is plausible to be implemented through PE activities. This study used a case study and a content analysis in the qualitative research method. The data were obtained from 53 PE teachers who worked in 53 elementary schools from 26 sub-districts in Sumedang Regency through an accessible case sampling method. This study employed individual interviews (10-15 minutes) in a semi-structured interview technique. Content analysis was used to analyze the interview scripts. This study revealed that character education is defined as the process of individual alteration from family, school, and social life. Meanwhile, the teachers stated that the curriculum is considered to be not precisely accessible for the development of character education since they were still confused about curriculum implementation. However, they believed that PE is effective to promote character education.
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Widyawan, Dena, and Ibnu Sina. "Inclusion in Physical Education in Primary Schools." JUARA : Jurnal Olahraga 6, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33222/juara.v6i1.1148.
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The purpose of this study was to determine inclusive education in general physical education from the perspective and experience of physical education teachers in primary schools. The method used in this research is qualitative phenomenology. Four Physical Education teachers were the sample (2 men, 2 women) aged between 30 and 55 years and were collected by means of: photos, school documents, field notes, and semi-structured interviews. Bandura's social cognitive theory is used as the basis of the research. Outcome of thematic analysis: engaging in learning, adapting strategies to meet student needs, and moving beyond educational goals. In conclusion, inclusive education in physical education in primary schools is built by dynamic interactions between teachers' knowledge of disabilities, motivation to learn about students, children's needs, and learning objectives.
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Nyberg, Gunn, and Hakan Larsson. "Physical Education Teachers’ Content Knowledge of Movement Capability." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 36, no. 1 (January 2017): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2015-0180.
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The purpose of this article is to explore physical education (PE) teachers’ content knowledge of the emerging concept movement capability. Interviews with eight PE teachers were conducted, partly using a stimulated recall technique which involved watching and commenting on video recorded PE lessons. A phenomenographic analysis was used to outline the different ways of conceptualizing movement capability. Five different ways of conceptualizing movement capability were identified, which indicates the complexity of the concept movement capability. However, the result also provides a structure for developing a systematic and structured way of conceiving movement capability. In this study we have highlighted a multifaceted, nuanced and differentiated picture of movement capability to see moving as educationally valuable. We conclude by emphasizing that movement capability should not be restricted to only its constitutive parts as teachers’ plan PE teaching, but should be approached as a whole.
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Stylianou, Michalis, Pamela Hodges Kulinna, Donetta Cothran, and Ja Youn Kwon. "Physical Education Teachers’ Metaphors of Teaching and Learning." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 32, no. 1 (January 2013): 22–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.32.1.22.
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This study was informed by the literature on teaching metaphors and the theory of occupational socialization. Its purpose was to examine in-service Physical Education teachers’ initial (before entering the profession), current, and ideal metaphors of teaching, related factors, and potential differences in participants’ metaphors based on their teaching experience. A mixed-methods approach was employed for this study, including a modified version of an existing survey (N = 66; Alger, 2009) and interviews (N = 13). Descriptive statistics indicated that while participants predominantly embraced teacher-centered metaphors initially, about half of them reported their current and ideal metaphors as student-centered. Constant comparison and analytic induction techniques revealed three themes and several subthemes: (a) fluidity (own definitions, combination of metaphors), (b) formation of initial views of teaching (acculturation, professional socialization), and (c) evolutionary forces and constraints (experience, pressure of test scores, time allocation, resources). These results have implications both for preservice and in-service teacher education programs.
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Wiwatowski, Megan, Jane Page, and Sarah Young. "Examining early childhood teachers’ attitudes and responses to superhero play." Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 45, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 170–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1836939120918486.
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Research highlights that early childhood teachers (ECTs) hold varied opinions on the value of superhero play (SP) to young children’s learning and development. This study sought to investigate how ECTs in Victoria are responding to superhero play, and to examine the beliefs that underpin their responses. Interviews were conducted with eight ECTs from the Bayside area in Melbourne. The study revealed that while the majority of the teachers interviewed responded to children’s superhero play in a variety of ways, there were a number of barriers to supporting superhero play in early childhood education and care settings. This paper concludes by identifying the value of ECTs engaging in critical reflection to ensure that their responses to superhero play are based on professional knowledge that is informed by theory and research.
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Tsangaridou, Niki, and Mary O’Sullivan. "Physical Education Teachers’ Theories of Action and Theories-In-Use." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 22, no. 2 (January 2003): 132–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.22.2.132.
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This research was conducted to describe the relationship between physical education teachers’ educational theories of action and theories-in-use. The question addressed was, What are the educational theories and practices of physical education teachers, and to what degree do their educational theories guide their professional practices? Data were collected through class observations, formal and informal interviews, vignette interviews, and journals. Data were analyzed inductively. Results suggested that the four teachers in this study held strong and well articulated views about student learning and what constitutes a physically educated student. They agreed that the primary goal of a physical education program was the development of skills. They believed that guided student practice was important for student learning. The selection and implementation of teaching practices demonstrated the teachers’ commitment to gender equity and the needs and abilities of their students. There were only three discrepancies between the participants’ theories of action and their theories-in-use. These related to student independence, student choice of content, and the process of cooperation and negotiation. Otherwise the teachers’ theories-in-use were consistent with their theories of action. The results from this study do not substantiate the notion of a level of discrepancy between teachers’ espoused theories and professional practices as presented in the literature (Argyris & Schon, 1974; Knight & Smith, 1989).
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Al-Rawahi, Nasser Yasser. "An Investigation into Omani Physical Education Teachers' Beliefs about Physical Education Teachers' Characteristics and their Roles in Omani Schools." Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies [JEPS] 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2010): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53543/jeps.vol4iss2pp1-13.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate Omani physical education teachers‟ (pre -service and in-service) beliefs about the characteristics and roles of physical education teachers in Omani schools. Interviews were used to achieve this purpose by interviewing 29 participants: 12 student teachers and 17 teachers. Data were analysed qualitatively by using analytic induction and interpretive analytic framework. Qualitative results show that student teachers and teachers have similar beliefs about the general and professional characteristics of a physical education teacher. Between 70% and 95% of participants believed that the essential general characteristics of physical education teachers are: having a strong personality, being an ideal model for students, having patience and tolerance, and communicating effectively with students. Also, similar beliefs were found among the participants regarding the professional characteristics. They believed that a successful physical education teacher is one who has conviction about his profession, and who is always physically fit in order to be able to manage all of the profession‟s requirements in or out of school. Results also indicated that student teachers believed in traditional roles of the teacher who is more concerned about giving knowledge to students, while experienced teachers believe in progressiv teaching roles of the teacher who facilitates students‟ learning. All the results are discussed in relation to the physical education context in Oman.
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Al-Rawahi, Nasser Yasser. "An Investigation into Omani Physical Education Teachers' Beliefs about Physical Education Teachers' Characteristics and their Roles in Omani Schools." Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies [JEPS] 4, no. 2 (December 1, 2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jeps.vol4iss2pp1-13.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate Omani physical education teachers‟ (pre -service and in-service) beliefs about the characteristics and roles of physical education teachers in Omani schools. Interviews were used to achieve this purpose by interviewing 29 participants: 12 student teachers and 17 teachers. Data were analysed qualitatively by using analytic induction and interpretive analytic framework. Qualitative results show that student teachers and teachers have similar beliefs about the general and professional characteristics of a physical education teacher. Between 70% and 95% of participants believed that the essential general characteristics of physical education teachers are: having a strong personality, being an ideal model for students, having patience and tolerance, and communicating effectively with students. Also, similar beliefs were found among the participants regarding the professional characteristics. They believed that a successful physical education teacher is one who has conviction about his profession, and who is always physically fit in order to be able to manage all of the profession‟s requirements in or out of school. Results also indicated that student teachers believed in traditional roles of the teacher who is more concerned about giving knowledge to students, while experienced teachers believe in progressiv teaching roles of the teacher who facilitates students‟ learning. All the results are discussed in relation to the physical education context in Oman.
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Domangue, Elizabeth, and Russell Lee Carson. "Preparing Culturally Competent Teachers: Service-Learning and Physical Education Teacher Education." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 27, no. 3 (July 2008): 347–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.27.3.347.
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Following the devastation of hurricane Katrina, a university located in the south-eastern United States created a service-learning program. This program was established so that physical education teacher education (PETE) students could provide physical activities to children living in a temporary, government-funded housing community. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the service-learning program shaped preservice teachers’ cultural competency. The participants were 16 PETE students in a curriculum development course. A questionnaire was used to assess changes in the students’ cultural competency. Reflective journals and interviews were qualitative data sources used to identify significant elements of the service-learning program that elicited thoughts about the role of cultural competency in teaching. Findings revealed that there were changes in cultural competency. Triangulation of the data suggested that the service-learning participants identified consistent engagement, exposure to another culture, and an engaged instructor as key contributors to cultural competency within the service-learning program.
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Porsanger, Lise, and Ellen Beate Hansen Sandseter. "Risk and Safety Management in Physical Education: Teachers’ Perceptions." Education Sciences 11, no. 7 (June 28, 2021): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11070321.
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Bodily movement is a central component in students’ educational experiences in school-based physical education (PE) programs. PE unavoidably involves physical risk. In some respects, the risk of play, sports and adventure is portrayed as necessary and healthy for children’s development. However, concerns about students’ safety and teachers’ liability might generate risk aversion among teachers. This article explores teachers’ perceptions of risk and safety management (RSM) in PE. Designed as a mixed methods study, the data include an online survey questionnaire (n = 698) and semi-structured interviews (n = 17) among primary and lower secondary PE teachers in Norway. A majority of the survey respondents report that their students only experience minor injuries in their PE classes. The interview data coincide with these results and indicate that minor injuries are rather common. While the survey results show that teachers mostly perceive RSM to be important in PE, the interview data suggest that the teachers’ perceptions of risk are characterized by uncertainty, which restricts the teachers’ control by means of RSM. Teachers also accept risk for enhancing students’ educative experiences in PE. Consequently, this study contributes to the knowledge of the complexity of risk and teachers’ perceptions of RSM in PE.
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Ní Chróinín, Déirdre, Maura Coulter, and Melissa Parker. "“We Took Pictures”: Children’s Meaning-Making in Physical Education." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 39, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2019-0019.
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Purpose: Studying learning in primary physical education is complex and largely practical and embodied; not only involving the child, but also closely linking the lesson context. The aim of this paper is to understand teaching and learning in primary physical education through the use of photo-diaries. Method: Participants were children (n = 38) and their teachers (n = 2) from two Irish primary schools across a 6-week period. Data included children’s photo-diaries, photo-elicitation focus group interviews with the children, and interviews with their teachers. Results: Results highlight that photo-diaries supported children’s meaning-making processes about their learning, highlighting a variety of meanings grounded in the centrality of the body as performance of learning. Discussion and Conclusion: The value of photo-based approaches with primary school children to access their meaning-making and influences on their understandings is highlighted.
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Harding Kuriger, Jodi. "Conceptualizing Meaningful Physical Education." Alberta Academic Review 4, no. 1 (July 5, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/aar131.
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Background and purpose: The research literature in physical education (PE) is placing a growing emphasis on Meaningful PE (Beni et al, 2017) to transform PE to meet the needs of all students. The purpose of this research was to 1) identify the concepts of Meaningful PE that students found to be important and 2) distinguish which concepts have the most potential to provide students with Meaningful PE experiences.
The study: The project was conducted in three PE classes among grade 7 to 9 students in an urban secondary sports academy school in collaboration with their PE teachers. Data was collected using the GroupWisdomⓇ Concept Mapping (2021) platform and group interviews with the objective to have PE students and teachers conceptualize Meaningful PE.
Findings: The study found that students’ and teachers’ context specific conceptualizations of Meaningful PE can be identified using GCM. The major tenet of Meaningful PE found was relationships. Student and teacher participants identified important concepts for Meaningful PE as a combination of statements within the clusters of kindness, physical activity, fun, and quality education. The findings call for a broad understanding of students within each school context in order to conceptualize meaningful physical education experiences.
Conclusions: It is my conclusion that involving students in the conceptualization of Meaningful PE by focusing on autonomous and inclusive relationships is of great importance to co-create Meaningful PE experiences. Secondary students were able to identify what is important for meaningful experiences in PE and how inclusive relationships can facilitate Meaningful PE experiences.
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Yoon, Jin-Ju,, and Jong-Lyoul, Park. "Teacher Agency of Adapted Physical Education Teachers." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 22, no. 24 (December 31, 2022): 847–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2022.22.24.847.
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Objectives This study explores how the teacher agency of adapted physical education teachers is expressed in their subject, and what contextual factors affect the teacher agency in various special education settings.
Methods A qualitative case study method was used for six adapted physical education teachers working at special education sites in various regions. Educational data of research participants were collected through in-depth interviews. Data analysis was conducted inductively by harnessing Priestley et al.’s (2015) ecological perspective as a theoretical framework.
Results Adapted physical education teachers proactively practiced physical education when they understood the context of the situation and formed their own firm belief, while endeavouring to teach their subject consistently in any environment. The manifestation of teacher agency was promoted when the belief and values of physical education formed from teachers’ previous life experience matched with any one of the cultural, structural, and social contexts. In addition, factors that facilitated the manifestation of teacher agency include the school culture that is permissive for major subjects, the support from fellow teachers and important people, and the proper physical environment for physical education classes. On the other hand, barriers to the manifestation of teacher agency were the discourse taking adapted physical education as an integrated subject and stressing individualised education for students subject to special education as opposed to school curriculum, on-site atmosphere that does not recognise adapted physical education, the absence of physical environment support, limited emphasis on their role as special teachers, and lack of reflection on their major subject. In addition, despite the agreement between the repetitive and evaluative dimensions, fear of the projective dimensions also acted as a barrier.
Conclusions Based on the findings, this study suggested the possibility that adapted physical education teachers proactively manifest teacher agency, the need for incumbent teacher education for adapted physical education, and the atmosphere to recognise special education as a school curriculum and institutional measures to improve this.
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Williams, John, and Shane Pill. "What does the term ‘quality physical education’ mean for health and physical education teachers in Australian Capital Territory schools?" European Physical Education Review 25, no. 4 (November 14, 2018): 1193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336x18810714.
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This research investigated what the term Quality Physical Education (QPE) meant to Health and Physical Education (HPE) teachers in Australian Capital Territory (ACT) schools. A total of 14 HPE teachers who taught middle school or above, representing government and independent schools, took part in focus group interviews about their understanding of QPE and the factors that influenced their constructs. Figurational sociology and the concepts of interdependence, habitus, and involvement and detachment, were used to inform the research and interpret the findings. It was found that teachers’ accounts of QPE were largely informed by their individual and collective experiences and their personal ‘philosophies’ of physical education. With the exception of a recently introduced national curriculum for HPE, the teachers in this study did not use, or refer to, any evidence-based documents in forming their ideas about QPE. Further, they did not mention any recognised pedagogical approaches that they used in teaching QPE. The findings from this research are important, because ‘everyday’ or common-sense teacher understandings can negatively impact student learning and threaten the status and credibility of our profession.
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Chen, Weiyun. "Teachers’ Knowledge about and Views of the National Standards for Physical Education." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 25, no. 1 (January 2006): 120–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.25.1.120.
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This study investigated the current levels of teachers’ knowledge about and views of the National Standards for Physical Education (NASPE, 1995) and factors that influenced the teachers’ understandings of and interpretations of the standards. Twenty-five elementary and secondary physical education teachers voluntarily participated in this study. Data were collected primarily through 25 formal interviews and observing 78 lessons taught by the teachers. Data were analyzed using constant comparison techniques. Findings indicated that: a) personal commitment is a key factor contributing to teachers’ growing knowledge about the standards, b) active participation in professional development activities helps teachers stay current, and c) understanding of the standards is an influential determinant of the teachers’ attitude toward the standards.
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Rhoades, Jesse Lee, and Amelia Mays Woods. "National Board Certified Physical Education Teachers Task Presentations and Learning Environments." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 31, no. 1 (January 2012): 4–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.31.1.4.
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This study examined National Board Certified Physical Education Teachers’ (NBCPET) instructional practices. Socialization theory guided this study. Data were collected on six NBCPETs using systematic observations and open-ended interviews. Each teacher was observed two full days, with data gathered from eight to 11 lessons for each teacher. Teachers participated in two interviews lasting approximately 45 min. Constant comparative methods were used to identify emergent themes. Systematic observations revealed that participants achieved an average score of 76.4 on the Qualitative Measures of Teacher Performance Scale. Academic Learning Time-Physical Education data showed that students of the NBCPETs, on average, experienced 38% motor appropriate practice time, 4.4% motor inappropriate practice time, and 3.8% off-task time during observed classes. Perceived change as a result of the National Board Certification process emerged as a theme through the data analysis. The results imply that this advanced certification process served as a positive agent of socialization.
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Lubis, Ade Evriansyah, and Agung Nugroho. "First Aid Training Model for Physical Education Teachers." TEGAR: Journal of Teaching Physical Education in Elementary School 4, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/tegar.v4i2.33614.
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The student safety during Physical Education learning process is an important aspect that becomes a responsibility of every Physical Education teacher. Therefore, every Physical Education Teacher must have special supporting skills for handling and giving first aid for various types of physical problems and accidents experienced by students. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct a study aimed at developing a first aid training model for Physical Education teachers. The method used in this study was Research Development model, using the ADDIE approach (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The population of this study were Physical Education Teachers in Medan Deli District, Medan Municipality, North Sumatra Province, in 2019. The respondents included 99 Physical Education teachers selected through total sampling technique. The data collection techniques used in this study were interviews and online questionnaire distribution. The data analysis technique used was descriptive analysis technique. The research results show the total score mean (X) validation of 2 First Aid Training Experts was 71.00 and the total score mean (X) validation of 2 Physical Education Experts was 73.00. Based on the quantitative data obtained from the mean score calculation (X), the qualitative value was obtained (51.00 ≤ X ≤ 75.00). It concludes that the First Aid Training Model for Physical Education Teachers is feasible to be used as a support for Physical Education learning in schools.
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Jacobs, Jenn M., K. Andrew R. Richards, Zach Wahl-Alexander, and James D. Ressler. "Helping Preservice Teachers Learn to Negotiate Sociopolitical Relationships Through a Physical Education Teacher Education Outdoor Education Experience." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 38, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 296–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2018-0102.
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Physical education teacher education programs are tasked with preparing students for a teaching career in a field that possesses inherent challenges. Purpose: The current study, designed as a descriptive case study, examined how an outdoor education field experience can facilitate important learning for preservice teachers about navigating sociopolitical relationships among colleagues and the greater school community. Method: Interviews were conducted with 13 preservice physical educators and the course instructor, in addition to field observations. Results: An outdoor education experience that includes opportunities to interface with and reflect on working with various stakeholders can help preservice teachers learn to navigate sociopolitics and persist through challenges. Discussion/Conclusion: Despite challenges, the nontraditional and intensive nature of the field experience, as well as the positive relationships developed with students, compelled the preservice teachers to find effective ways to collaborate and manage teaching roles.
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Truelove, Stephanie, Brianne A. Bruijns, Andrew M. Johnson, Shauna M. Burke, and Patricia Tucker. "Factors that Influence Canadian Generalist and Physical Education Specialist Elementary School Teachers’ Practices in Physical Education: A Qualitative Study." Canadian Journal of Education/Revue canadienne de l'éducation 44, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 202–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.53967/cje-rce.v44i1.4425.
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Interviews were conducted with 16 elementary school teachers across Canada (eight generalists and eight physical education [PE] specialists) to explore their experiences when instructing PE. Questions were phrased to encourage exploration of the perspectives of generalists and specialists, with a particular focus on teaching philosophy, barriers faced while instructing PE, facilitators and resources that enhance PE instruction, and the teachers’ self-efficacy when teaching PE. Generalists noted perceived lack of time, inadequate facilities and equipment, insufficient training, lack of knowledge, and low self-efficacy as barriers. Conversely, specialists noted that their advanced training, professional development opportunities, high self-efficacy, and technology use positively supported their teaching practices.
Keywords: physical education, elementary school, generalist, specialist, physical activity
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Smyth, Donna M. "First-Year Physical Education Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Workplace." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 14, no. 2 (January 1995): 198–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.14.2.198.
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This study provides a description of how 12 first-year physical education teachers perceived their workplace, how it affected their first year of work, and how their workplace shaped their induction into the context of the school. Interviews were conducted at the end of each participant’s first year of teaching. All participants reported that the following workplace factors shaped their first year of teaching: the facilities, the presence or absence of teaching colleagues, the scheduling of classes, the community environment, and the students. In addition several “unarticulated” (Schein, 1988) factors were identified that represent additional themes of influence: the status of physical education in the schools, the teachers’ sense of efficacy, the testing of values, and the realities of the school as a social institution. The results of this study, together with information from the literature, suggest that despite modest efforts, many schools provide inadequate support for beginning teachers.
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Syihabuddin, Syihabuddin. "Bicultural, personality, and pedagogical competences in the perspective of BIPA language assistants." Bahasa dan Seni: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Pengajarannya 50, no. 1 (February 22, 2022): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um015v50i12022p63.
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Bicultural, personality, and pedagogical competences in the perspective of BIPA language assistantsIn 2019, there were 63.022 learners of Indonesian as a foreign language in Victorian schools, Australia. They were facilitated by 263 Indonesian Language for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) local teachers. Due to a shortage of BIPA local teachers, the Department of Education and Training Victoria had recruited language assistants from Indonesia. This study is aimed to describe the required skillsets of BIPA language assistants to support their duties. The data were collected through interviews, an inventory, observations, and stories of eight Indonesian language assistants with one year of experience. The findings reveal that the language assistants need to develop bicultural, personality and pedagogical competences. These competences should become the reference for developing workshop materials for future BIPA language assistants.Keywords: BIPA teachers, bicultural competences, personality competences, pedagogical competencesKompetensi bikultural, kepribadian, dan pedagogik dalam perspektif guru bantu BIPAPada tahun 2019 terdapat 63.022 siswa Victoria, Australia, yang mempelajari bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa asing. Mereka dibimbing oleh 263 guru BIPA. Karena jumlah guru tidak memadai, maka Department of Education and Training Victoria merekrut guru bantu (language assistant) dari Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan berbagai kompetensi yang perlu dimiliki guru bantu untuk menunjang pelaksanaan tugasnya. Data dikumpulkan dari wawancara, inventori, observasi, dan deskripsi pengalaman dari delapan guru bantu selama satu tahun mengajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru bantu perlu mengembangkan kompetensi bikultural, kompetensi kepribadian, dan kompetensi pedagogik. Ketiga kompetensi ini sebaiknya dijadikan bahan workshop pada pembekalan guru bantu di lembaga pengirim.Kata kunci: guru BIPA, kompetensi bikultural, kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi pedagogik
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Pissanos, Becky W. "Providers of Continued Professional Education: Constructed Perceptions of Four Elementary School Physical Education Teachers." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 14, no. 2 (January 1995): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.14.2.215.
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The purpose of this inquiry was to gain insight into the influence of the three primary providers of continued professional education—educational institutions, professional associations, and employers—on teachers’ continued professional learning. Four experienced elementary school physical education teachers were selected as participants using the typical case purposeful sampling technique. Participants were asked to share their constructed perceptions regarding the providers through a series of three semistructured, open-ended interviews. Data were inductively analyzed using the constant comparative analytic strategy. The result indicated that the teachers did not perceive educational institutions, professional associations, or employers to be contributing significantly to their continued professional learning. They concluded that continued professional learning is more closely related to the teacher’s motivation and commitment levels and to the teaching realities of marginality, isolation, and monotony that influence those levels.
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Richards, K. Andrew R., and Wesley J. Wilson. "Recruitment and initial socialization into adapted physical education teacher education." European Physical Education Review 26, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336x18825278.
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While much has been learned about the socialization of physical education teachers through occupational socialization theory, less is known about the socialization of adapted physical educators. The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences leading individuals to enrol in a graduate-level adapted physical education teacher education programme in the United States. Participants included 17 first semester preservice adapted physical education teachers (5 males, 12 females). Data were collected through two individual interviews with each participant and autobiographical essay writing. Results revealed similarities and differences in the recruitment of adapted physical educators and physical education generalists. Specific themes included: (a) individuals with disabilities were the most powerful socializing agents; (b) both positive and negative experiences in sport and physical education facilitated recruitment; (c) an incomplete apprenticeship of observation framed recruitment; and (d) participants had different background experiences and espoused diverse career goals. Results are discussed with implications focusing on the socialization of both physical educators and adapted physical education specialists.
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Prelip, Michael, Jennifer T. Erausquin, Wendelin Slusser, Stephanie Vecchiarelli, Heather Weightman, Linda Lange, and Charlotte Neumann. "Role of Classroom Teachers in Nutrition and Physical Education." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v4i3.1963.
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Nutrition education and physical education in schools is increasingly being explored as a way to prevent childhood overweight and to promote healthy eating and physical activity habits behaviors. Classroom teachers are often responsible for providing this education. The current study examined the roles and perspectives of elementary school teachers regarding student nutrition, nutrition education, and physical education. Data is from a 2001-2002 study of the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) Nutrition Network. Analyses were based on 78 structured interviews with elementary school teachers. Results showed that teachers perceive their role in nutrition education as teachers, role models, advocates, and motivators. Teachers integrate nutrition education into existing subject areas, and believe that nutrition education results in greater knowledge and healthier food choices. However, teachers report that too little time is spent on nutrition education. Results of this study also indicate that classroom teachers are often responsible for physical education (PE). Teachers believe PE has a positive effect on the school community and on student fitness, but the effect is limited due to lack of structure and lack of time in PE class. Teachers report barriers to both nutrition education and physical education, including other classes taking up too much time, limited teacher training, and a lack of adequate equipment and facilities. Findings suggest that more resources including teacher training, time, curricula and textbooks, and equipment need to be allocated for nutrition education and physical education at the elementary school level.
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CRUZ, Alberto. "Class Management of In-Service Physical Education Student Teachers." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2005): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.111306.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.Classroom management is essential to effective teaching. However, there is little information about how physical education student teachers manage their classes. Berliner (1988) proposed five stages of learning to teach and argued that experience is a predominant element to the development of expertise in pedagogy. Cruz (2000) suggested that the in-service student teachers taught better than their pre-service counter-parts as they had more in-field experience. The purpose of the study was to examine the class management practices of in-service physical education student teachers. Three in-service student teachers were randomly selected and invited to participate in the study. They were observed teaching two ball games lessons and took part in two pre-lesson interviews and two post-lesson stimulated recall sessions. Qualitative data were collected through lesson observations and interviews. Constant comparison and analytic induction were used to organize and categorize the data. Results showed that there were common managerial behaviours and management strategies adopted by the student teachers during teaching. Teaching style, organization and supporting were the identical managerial behaviours observed, whilst the preventive management, equipment management and interactive class management were the common class management strategies identified. The findings hold implications for the preparation of physical education teachers.班級經營與敎學效能息息相關。Berliner(1988)提出五階段學習歷程理論及敎學經驗為發展成敎學專家主要元素。Cruz(2000)指出在職師訓學生的敎學表現較職前師訓學生為佳是他們有較多實踐經驗。本研究目的是探討在職師訓學生的班級經營行為及策略。三位在職師訓學生被隨機抽樣參與此研究。他們被觀察兩敎節球類課及接受兩次課前訪問及課後刺激回憶訪談。其後以持續比較法分析蒐集資料。結果顯示師訓學生有其共通班級經營行為策略及給予體育師資培訓啟示。
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Carson, Russell L., Michael A. Hemphill, K. Andrew R. Richards, and Tom Templin. "Exploring the Job Satisfaction of Late Career Secondary Physical Education Teachers." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 35, no. 3 (July 2016): 284–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2015-0131.
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As teachers move toward the end of their careers, understanding the experiences that help them derive satisfaction from their work has implications for helping them stay engaged in teaching. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine the job satisfaction of late career physical education teachers. Jessica, Sandy, and Bill were later career physical education teachers (17–28 years of experience) who served as participants. All three had been colleagues at Harrisburg Middle School for 13 years. Data were collected using a job satisfaction graphing technique and qualitative interviews, and were analyzed using inductive analysis and constant comparison. Data analysis resulted in three themes related to the interactions teachers experienced with people in the school: ‘the kids and control,’ ‘our administration and marginalization,’ and ‘my fellow coworkers.’ Each theme related to both positive and negative appraisals of the teachers’ work. Implications for practice and future research are noted.
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Gibbons, Sandra L., Viviene A. Temple, and Louise Humbert. "Girls Opting in to Senior Elective Physical Education." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 22, no. 2 (October 2014): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.2014-0028.
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It is well documented that many young women become discontented with physical education in their high school years. The purpose of this investigation was to gain insight into the characteristics of nine senior elective physical education courses that were specifically designed to accommodate the needs and interests of female students. Data collection methods included focus group interviews with students; individual interviews with teachers; and analysis of course documents. The following themes are presented: (a) choice in what to learn and how to learn it; (b) all-female learning environment; (c) lifetime physical activities; (d) personalized assessment; and (e) responsive and flexible planning. Findings offer considerations for the development of physical education curricula that will gain and hold the interest of female high school students.
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Wilson, Wesley J., and K. Andrew R. Richards. "Socialization of Preservice Adapted Physical Educators: Influence of Teacher Education." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 36, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 472–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.2018-0198.
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Occupational socialization theory has been used to understand the recruitment, education, and socialization of physical education teachers for nearly 40 yr. It has, however, only recently been applied to the study of adapted physical education teachers. The purpose of this descriptive case study was to understand the socialization of preservice teachers in an adapted physical education teacher education graduate-level program. Participants included 17 purposefully selected preservice teachers (5 male and 12 female) enrolled in a yearlong graduate-level adapted physical education teacher education program. Qualitative data were collected using interviews, reflective journaling, and field notes taken during teaching and coursework observations. Data analysis resulted in the construction of 3 themes: overcoming contextual challenges to meet learners’ needs, the importance of field-based teacher education, and coping with the challenges of marginalization. The discussion connects to and advances occupational socialization theory in adapted physical education and suggests that professional socialization may have a more profound influence on preservice adapted physical education teachers than on their physical education counterparts.
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Bouterakos, M., A. Booth, D. Khokhar, M. West, C. Margerison, K. J. Campbell, C. A. Nowson, and C. A. Grimes. "A qualitative investigation of school age children, their parents and school staff on their participation in the Digital Education to LImit Salt in the Home (DELISH) program." Health Education Research 35, no. 4 (July 6, 2020): 283–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/her/cyaa015.
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Abstract This study explored the views of participants who completed a 5-week, online, interactive, family-based, salt reduction education program (Digital Education to LImit Salt in the Home). A secondary aim was to explore the views of school staff on the delivery of food and nutrition education in schools. Children aged 7–10 years, their parents and principals/teachers from participating schools located in Victoria, Australia, completed a semi-structured evaluation interview. Audio-recordings of interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using NVivo. Twenty-eight interviews (13 children; 11 parents; 4 school staff) were included. Thematic analysis revealed that the program was well received by all groups. Children reported that the interactivity of the education sessions helped them to learn. Parents thought the program was interesting and important, and reported learning skills to reduce salt in the family diet. School staff supported the delivery of nutrition education in schools but indicated difficulties in sourcing well-packed nutrition resources aligned with the curriculum. It appears that there is support from parents and teachers in the delivery of innovative, engaging, nutrition education in schools, however such programs need to be of high quality, aligned with the school curriculum and readily available for incorporation within the school’s teaching program.
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Matanin, Marcia, and Connie Collier. "Longitudinal Analysis of Preservice Teachers’ Beliefs about Teaching Physical Education." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 22, no. 2 (January 2003): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.22.2.153.
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The purpose of this study was to explore and describe three preservice teachers’ beliefs as they evolved throughout a 4-year teacher preparation program. Data collection spanned 5 years and included formal interviews, open-ended questionnaires, and document analysis of reflective writings. The results indicated that participants assimilated program messages into their beliefs about teaching physical education relative to elementary content, teaching effectiveness, and the importance of planning. Participants were less likely to assimilate program messages about classroom management and the purpose of physical education due to the impact of their own biographies. Participants were in favor of emphasizing effort and participation and rejected the program philosophy on assessment of student learning. Data suggest that participants’ K–12 school experiences as well as their lived experiences play a powerful role in the formation of their beliefs about teaching physical education.
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Gomes, Patrícia, Margarida Alves, Paula Queirós, and Paula Batista. "Learning Through Practice: A Study with Physical Education Pre-Service Teachers." Open Sports Sciences Journal 7, no. 1 (November 28, 2014): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875399x01407010121.
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The aim of this study was to examine how Physical Education pre-service teachers construct their Professional Identity [1, 2] through their daily practices. A non-participant observation was made, included field notes, videotaping of the daily practices and interviews. The findings show that the pre-service teachers: (i) make a set of tasks: planning, class management, reflecting, participation in school activities and meetings (ii) improve their teaching skills because they’re working within a community of practice (iii) experience some anxiety in the beginning of the practicum, overcome with the raise of confidence and believe that their responsibility overflows the lessons context.
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Maher, Anthony. "Physical Education and Special Educational Needs in North-West England." Sport Science Review 19, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2010): 263–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10237-011-0041-8.
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Physical Education and Special Educational Needs in North-West EnglandThe paper examines the inclusion of pupils with special educational needs (SEN) in mainstream secondary schools from the perspective of physical education (PE) teachers. The findings of this case study, which used individual interviews and was undertaken in the North-West of England, suggest that team games are activities which teachers find particularly difficult to plan and deliver in an inclusive way. Specifically, many teachers suggested that there was limited opportunity for individual planning during team games and that they found it difficult to develop and implement rules and adapt games to make them more inclusive. Moreover, there was an expressed feeling among teachers that, first, their initial teacher training (ITT) had not prepared them adequately for their day-to-day endeavours to include pupils with SEN in PE; and, second, that the schools in which they work are not providing them with any inclusion training. Finally, there was a general feeling among PE teachers that they are not receiving enough support from special educational needs coordinators (SENCOs) and learning support assistants (LSAs) whose role is, lest we forget, to enable teachers to include pupils with SEN in the mainstream education system.
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Tsangaridou, Niki, and Mary O’Sullivan. "The Role of Reflection in Shaping Physical Education Teachers’ Educational Values and Practices." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 17, no. 1 (October 1997): 2–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.17.1.2.
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This study was motivated by the need to understand the role and function of teachers’ reflection as it “is” rather than as it “ought” to be. The focus of the study was to describe teachers’ reflection within the teaching and learning environment, as well as the role of reflection in their professional development. Participants were four experienced elementary and secondary physical education teachers from urban and suburban school districts. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and journals. Case analysis and crosscase analysis were employed in analyzing the data. Findings indicated that the participants’ microreflection, the type of reflection that informs teachers’ day-to-day practices, addressed pedagogical, content, ethical, moral, and social issues. Their reflections were situationally driven and contextually bound. Macroreflection, the type of reflection that informs teachers’ practices over time, influenced changes in the teachers’ classroom practice and professional development.