Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Physical education practice'
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Romanello, Mary L. "Cultural Competence and Reflective Practice in Physical Therapy Education." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1006873170.
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Wade, Charles R. "The effect of marginalization on physical education and professional practice." Thesis, Trevecca Nazarene University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10140140.
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This study addressed the marginalization of elementary physical education and professional practice. This project applied proven surveys, scales, and qualitative processes; observations, interviews, and focus groups to measure and understand how physical educators can counter the impressions of stakeholders regarding the subject as inconsequential. Also, the research explained and recognized some cultural procedures in elementary physical education that promoted and inhibited proper student outcomes. The main settings for this study took place in two rural schools in small school systems. In addition, information was obtained through social media venues. The findings along with the literature review established the subject is marginalized; however, PE teachers can influence and combat the issues.
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Weng, Chi-hsiu Daniel. "Modern Shuai-Chiao: Its Theory, Practice and Development." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392025978.
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Chambers, Fiona C. "Irish physical education teacher education students and their professional learning : the teaching practice experience." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8119.
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In Ireland, formal mentoring as a mechanism for supporting student learning in the Teaching Practice (TP) phase of Initial Teacher Education (ITE) is at a developmental stage. The Irish Government appears to support mentoring initiatives in ITE, however, there is little evidence of a clear policy on student teacher learning, and the role of mentoring within it. This study investigates physical education teacher education (PETE) student learning on TP within a community of practice framework. Currently, the process of informal mentoring of PETE students during TP is undertaken by untrained cooperating teachers (CTs) as an unacknowledged gesture of goodwill. This has implications for the quality of PETE student learning during TP and became the subject of this research. Employing a range of qualitative data collection methods, this study focused on one umbrella case study (Greendale University, schools and PETE students) and five individual case studies: tetrads of PETE student, CT, university tutor (UT) and school principal (SP) during one academic year. PETE student learning was investigated from the perspectives of each member of the tetrad and data collected were analysed using grounded theory. Findings from this research concluded that (a) untrained CTs were unsuitable mentors and (b) untrained UTs were inappropriate tutors for PETE students as they both needed teaching expertise, a positive disposition and adequate training to embrace their respective roles. The study also found that within TP, there was a perceived lack of parity between the schools and university, with SPs feeling excluded and taken for granted by the university. This often led to open hostility between CTs and UTs, who were unclear about their respective TP roles. The combination of these factors resulted in PETE students learning the powerful hidden curriculum of TP which encouraged them to learn pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) in an unsupported and often isolated manner.
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Goodyear, Victoria A. "Participatory action research : challenging the dominant practice architectures of physical education." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/297585.
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Research shows that the dominant pedagogical practices of physical education are irrelevant to young people in the 21st century, and that physical education currently exists in a time of innovation without change. Subsequently, physical education as a curriculum subject is at risk of becoming extinct unless the 'talked' about pedagogical innovations that provide authentic, relevant and transferable learning experiences can become sustainable 'actioned' futures. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to explore how a pedagogical innovation, the Cooperative Learning model, could be used over an enduring period of time. Participatory action research (PAR) was used as the methodology to scaffold the inquiry and to support eight secondary school physical education teachers' learning and use of Cooperative Learning during an academic year. This thesis considers how PAR enabled teachers to break the dominant practice architectures of physical education and how PAR supported teachers‘ use of an emergent pedagogical approach within and beyond the honeymoon period of implementation. In other words, how PAR facilitated teachers' ability to work beyond the dominant pedagogical practices of physical education and the practices endorsed by the school as an institution. Furthermore, how PAR sustained teachers' engagement with, and use of, the Cooperative Learning model. Indeed, Cooperative Learning was firstly immersed within the milieu of the practice architectures. Yet through the use of PAR the teachers were motivated to move beyond the honeymoon period and began to use the model within, with and then against the mess of the practice architectures. Subsequently, Cooperative Learning was emerging as the dominant pedagogical approach. However, this only occurred for some teachers where social connectivity and an emerging community of practice were significant variables in sustaining and adapting the use of Cooperative Learning. The contribution to knowledge is therefore the methodological processes of how to move beyond dominant pedagogical practices and facilitate innovation with change. In order for a pedagogical innovation to become a sustainable 'actioned' future its use is context dependent and PAR facilitates its sustainability. Furthermore, teacher learning should be advanced and teachers should be encouraged to create communicative spaces with colleagues and researcher facilitators.
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Moy, Brendan J. "Teaching against the grain: Learning designs for evolving physical education practice." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/98195/1/Brendan_Moy_Thesis.pdf.
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This programme of study documents the implementation of an alternative teaching approach informed by contemporary learning theory, the Constraints Led Approach, within the QUT Physical Education Teacher Education course. The findings have contributed important practical implications for physical education teacher education, potentially resulting in an evolution of teaching practice compatible with the development of skilled, motivated learners. The study findings are being integrated into the QUT Physical Education Teacher Education programme with a view to improving pedagogical practice in schools.
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Kazungu, John David. "Physical education policy and practice : Issues and controversies in Tanzania secondary schools." Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för pedagogik (PED), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-51229.
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Schools’ decisions to offer Physical Education (PE) is among the possible ways of involving students in physical activity, which has significant effects on students’ health, lifelong participation in physical activities and participation in sport. This thesis explores the factors and the ways they influence secondary schools’ decisions on whether or not to offer PE in Tanzania. The study is based on Institutional Theory, and on a social constructivist approach to knowledge generation, employing qualitative research methods, such as document analysis and interviews with different actors within and related to secondary schools. The study areas and the participants were purposefully sampled and included heads of school boards, heads of schools, PE teachers, parents and students. Document reviews were used in order to gather information concerning the regulative and normative conditions that govern schools. Four schools were more carefully studied – two that offer and two that do not offer PE. In these schools I focused on cultural conditions and local frames that could influence schools’ decisions. The findings indicate a number of factors which influence schools’ decisions whether or not to offer PE. Some of these factors are the availability of teaching and learning logistics, including facilities, equipment, qualified PE teachers, text books and teaching hours for the subject. Furthermore, the contribution of the examination for promotion purposes, the pen and paper examinations, the prioritization of other programmes and subjects, reliable support for the subject and the interest of those empowered to make decisions at school level also influence schools’ decisions concerning offering the subject. On the basis of the theory used in this study, to enable schools to make decisions favouring the offering of PE, there need to be consistency among the regulations and the normative and cultural-cognitive aspects of the institution. First, the regulative conditions are those that legalize the subject by forming the basis for schools’ decisions to offer the subject; these include governing and monitoring organs. Second, the normative conditions stipulate the logic of appropriateness for how the teaching should be approached; these include various normative directives, such as the curriculum and the syllabus. Finally, the cultural-cognitive conditions exert an influence on schools’ decisions through various perceptions held about the subject within the community. The thesis concludes with some implications of the study, indicating what changes will be needed concerning both the general institutional level and the school level.Att skolor i Tanzania beslutar sig för att erbjuda skolämnet Idrott och hälsa (Physical Education) kan vara en förutsättning för att engagera elever i fysiska aktiviteter, vilket är betydelsefullt med tanke på deras hälsa, fortsatta fysiska aktiva liv och deltagande i idrott. Denna avhandling undersöker olika faktorers inverkan på skolors (motsvarande högstadium) ställningstagande för eller emot att erbjuda Idrott och hälsa som valbart ämne. I studien, som är baserad på nyinstitutionell teori och på ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv på kunskapsutveckling, tillämpas en kvalitativ ansats genom metoder som dokumentanalys och intervjuer med olika aktörer inom och i anknytning till ett urval av skolor. Dokumentgranskningar har gjorts som grund för en analys av vilka regulativa och normativa villkor som inverkar på skolors ställningstaganden. Därutöver har fyra skolor studerats - två som erbjuder och två som inte erbjuder Idrott och hälsa. Här har syftet varit att klarlägga vilka kulturella förhållanden och lokala ramar som inverkar på skolornas beslut om att ge eller inte ge ämnet. Vid dessa skolor har intervjuer genomförts med strategiskt utvalda personer; ordföranden i skolstyrelser, skolledare, idrottslärare, föräldrar och elever. Resultaten visar att ett antal faktorer inverkar på skolors beslut om att erbjuda eller inte erbjuda Idrott och hälsa. Några av dessa faktorer är tillgången på faciliteter och utrustning, utbildade idrottslärare och läromedel. Vidare är det betydelsefullt hur undervisningstimmar i ämnet fördelas. Negativ inverkan har förhållandet att praktiskt kunnande inte bedöms i de nationella proven, att betygen i Idrott och hälsa inte har något egentligt värde i utbildningssystemet och att andra ämnen tillmäts högre status och värde. För ett positivt ställningstagande behöver det finnas ett substantiellt stöd för ämnet och ett intresse bland dem som har befogenhet att fatta beslut på skolnivå. Alla dessa faktorer inverkar på skolornas beslut om att erbjuda ämne. Utifrån den teori som används i studien måste det finnas en samsyn och överensstämmelse mellan de regulativa, normativa och kulturella villkor som styr skolan som institution för att skolor ska kunna erbjuda Idrott och hälsa. Denna studie har visat att en sådan samsyn inte föreligger. För det första bör de regulativa villkoren ge tydlig legitimitet åt ämnet genom att etablera legala förutsättningar för skolors möjligheter att erbjuda ämnet; vilket även involverar de institutioner som övervakar utbildningen. För det andra bör de normativa villkoren såsom läroplan och kursplan, vilka styr innehållet i och formerna för undervisningen i ämnet, vara relevanta och realistiska utifrån de lokala förutsättningar som råder. Slutligen bör insatser göras för att förändra de kulturella-kognitiva förutsättningarna i form av att synliggöra värdet av ämnet Idrott och hälsa med tanke på barns och ungdomars utveckling av goda hälsovanor. Avhandlingen avslutas med några implikationer av studien, vilka indikerar vilka konkreta förändringar som kan behövas såväl på institutionell och nationell nivå som på skolnivå.
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Galipeau, James L. "The role of the community of practice in becoming a varsity athlete." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6145.
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Sport teams have been studied in many different ways, however very little research has focused on how learning to become an athlete takes place in a team. Recent research in the fields of business and education have examined the learning process among naturally forming groups called "communities of practice" (Lave & Wenger, 1991). The notion of communities of practice constitutes the major element of Wenger's (1998b) social theory of learning. Some authors have described sport teams as a good example of a community of practice. Based on these comments, this study employed a qualitative methodology to look at the learning process that takes place through the interaction of the members of a team. Twenty-four female varsity athletes were interviewed regarding their participation in varsity level sports. The athletes were asked about their progression from being a newcomer (rookie) to their present status on the team. In particular, participants were asked how they learned to fit into the team and how they interacted with other players and the coach during this process. The results of the study are presented through two articles examining individual aspects of the athlete community of practice. Article #1 examines the role of tacit knowledge in becoming a varsity athlete. Article #2 looks at how newcomers to a varsity sports team move from the status of newcomer or legitimate peripheral participant, toward full participation (old-timer) in their community of practice.
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Silow, Theresa. "The Kinesthetic Sense: Exploring Sensation, Self-Emergence, Awareness and Stress Negotiation Through Somatic Practice." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1394797672.
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Green, Ken. "Philosophies, ideologies and the practice of physical education : making sense of the everyday 'philosophies' of physical education teachers from a sociological perspective." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10967.
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This thesis examines what are referred to as the 'philosophies' of physical education (PE) teachers from a sociological perspective. It is primarily concerned with the ideas about PE held by teachers who have the practical task of teaching PE within schools. The study deploys a qualitative methodology grounded in a figurational perspective on the sociology of knowledge. It analyses data from semi-structured interviews conducted with 35 PE teachers at various occupational levels within PE departments in 17 secondary schools in the northwest of England, during June and July, 1998. In the main, teachers' 'philosophies' revolved around a number of recognisable categories of meaning in terms of the ideological themes of 'sport', 'health', 'academic value' and, albeit to a lesser extent, 'education for leisure'. One leitmotif, in particular, emerged from the interview data and that was an overriding concern, on the part of the teachers in the study, with pupils' 'enjoyment' of PE. In order to understand the socio-genesis of PE teachers' everyday or aphoristic `philosophies' and, to a lesser extent, their professed practices, the study focused upon the personal, local and national dimensions of the figurations in which PE teachers were involved in an attempt to identify the more salient influences on the development of their 'philosophies' of PE. These features included the biographical experiences that provide the foundation for teachers' habituses, the day-to-day constraints of classroom management, the expectations of significant others (such as headteachers and parents) as well as the socio-political climate and developments internal (e. g. the desire for professional status) and external (government legislation and policy developments) to the profession. It was apparent that the teachers had a distinctive view of their subject. They brought to their teaching a passion for sport, combined with a range of pragmatic concerns (e. g. regarding class management and the requirements of the National Curriculum for Physical Education); the former led them to place considerable emphasis, in particular, upon enjoyment (particularly of sport) as a central plank of their 'philosophies'. In addition, it was noticeable that, notwithstanding the emergence of a variety of more or less prominent ideologies within the subject-community over the last decade or so (and particularly an ideology of health), PE teachers’ ‘philosophies' continued to be dominated by a sporting ideology. By exploring the social relationships in which PE teachers are involved the study takes tentative steps towards a more adequate understanding of the socio-genesis of PE teachers’ ‘philosophies'. It is argued that if we wish to understand teachers' perceptions regarding the nature and purposes of PE, as well as their preferred practices, then we must study them not as abstract philosophical systems of ideas, but rather as practical, everyday 'philosophies' which provide practical guides to action as well as a justification for those actions.
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Brooks, Toby James. "The interaction of teacher beliefs and classroom practice in athletic training education." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279880.
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Empirical work has demonstrated, at least to some degree, that alternatives to didacticism are useful in the classroom. However, other investigations have shown that didactic methods continue to dominate classroom instruction time. A genuine need exists for research aimed at identifying the source of the discrepancy between the methodologies lauded in current process-product educational literature and the observed teaching practice noted in classroom research. This investigation was conducted to determine how or if an instructor's belief system influences the manner in which that same instructor teaches. In order to adequately address that objective, three specific research questions were developed. First, this work examined the espoused beliefs of a small sample of practicing athletic training educators regarding the role of the teacher, the student, and the nature of instruction. This was accomplished through the use of qualitative research methods including semi-structured telephone interviews, written questionnaires, demographic data sheets, and stimulated recall sessions in which each participant viewed videotape of their own classroom instruction and discussed it with the principal investigator. Next, this investigation also analyzed classroom practice by observing those practicing athletic training educators as they taught in class. This was accomplished by videotaping each participant's classroom instruction during three hours of classroom instruction. Utilizing case studies assembled for each participant and a cross case analysis, this work also assessed the degree to which those espoused beliefs aligned with classroom practice. By utilizing these methods, this investigation indicates that beliefs do influence the manner in which individuals teach; however, other factors such as formal pedagogical training, experience, and job requirements may also influence the manifestation of demonstrated classroom practice, as well.
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Young, Bradley William. "Deliberate practice and the acquisition of expert performance in Canadian middle distance running." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0005/MQ36757.pdf.
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Horscroft, Donald W. "Relevance in chemical education and practice, with particular reference to kinetics and equilibrium." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1986. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/804886/.
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McMillan, Paul. "Weaving a pedagogical web : a qualitative investigation of secondary physical education teachers' practice." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22843.
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While the close investigation of teachers’ classroom practice received considerable attention in the 1960s and 1970s, fine-grained observational studies of classrooms have progressively disappeared from the research landscape. Research in recent decades has tended to have a restricted focus of attention, concentrating on the objective measurement of ‘effective’ teaching to identify forms of classroom practice that can raise educational standards. This research agenda has been increasingly critiqued for oversimplifying the complex nature of classroom life, but capturing a more complete picture presents a number of challenges. There is a need for researchers to provide a fine-grained account of teachers’ practices in the classroom while giving a sense of the purposes framing these actions together with an alertness to salient contextual influences. The study presented in this thesis set out to engage with all these challenges and provide a ‘fresh’ interpretation of teachers’ day-to-day practices in comparison to many past studies. Given the intent to capture both teachers’ practices and how they framed these actions, Robin Alexander’s definition of ‘pedagogy’, which highlights the need for researchers to adopt a ‘bigger picture’ perspective, was an appropriate heuristic guide for this study. Six teachers of physical education working in different secondary school contexts participated in this study and a key concern in sampling was the desire to recruit highly competent practitioners. A pilot study and conversations with a number of key informants ensured the participants chosen were highly skilled teachers. This study was conducted in two inter-related phases. The first phase of the research involved tracking these teachers in their school context and 88 lesson observations were conducted to view them ‘in action’ with classes. The second phase involved conducting a semi-structured interview with each teacher to explore the insights gained about their practice during the observation phase of the research. A theoretical framework – featuring five framing categories and a ‘teacher-pupil power dynamic’ element – was constructed to encapsulate the main findings from the observation and interview research. The five framing categories represent the patterns of classroom interaction identified in this study, i.e.: teacher-directed, teacher-guided, pupil-led, pupil-initiated, and teacher-pupil negotiated practice. There was a degree of variation in all the participant teachers’ practices that were observed in this study, contrasting markedly with research in the physical education literature reporting an over-use of ‘direct’ teaching. The ‘teacher-pupil power dynamic’ derived from observation and interview work and is composed of two related dimensions. The first dimension captures the ‘fine-tuned’, ‘negotiated’ and ‘responsive’ nature of these teachers’ practices and highlights how teachers and pupils simultaneously shape classroom events. The second dimension encapsulates the core factors – respect, familiarity, time, and context – shaping teacher-pupil relationships and the decisions made about classroom practice. The thesis sets out how the teachers in this study carefully enacted a repertoire of teaching approaches by: ‘fine-tuning’ practice in advance of lessons taking place; ‘responding’ to situations in the immediate act of teaching; ‘negotiating’ the learning intentions for lessons with the pupils; and making judgements about practice against the changeable nature of teacher-pupil relationships. These insights contribute to the education and physical education literature by presenting a dynamic picture of classroom life and suggest that a more responsive, interactive form of teaching was displayed by these teachers than is revealed in the majority of past research studies. The central insights gained from this study contribute to research on pedagogy by providing a close analysis of the micro-interactions that take place in school classrooms and the influences shaping these interactions. A related and equally important contribution to pedagogy emerged from the sustained period spent observing these teachers, which developed a deep understanding of their teaching actions over time and across different physical activities and stages of schooling. The teachers in this study both responded to, and shaped, the dynamics of the classroom; and the interactive forms of teaching that they displayed are not adequately captured in existing definitions of pedagogy. Accordingly the thesis presents an expanded version of Alexander’s definition of pedagogy that foregrounds the dynamic nature of teacher-pupil relationships.
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Abdulla, Azeema. "Primary generalist teachers’ physical education teaching practice and student experiences in the Maldives." Thesis, Abdulla, Azeema (2022) Primary generalist teachers’ physical education teaching practice and student experiences in the Maldives. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2022. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/65188/.
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The aim of this thesis was to contribute to the understanding of Maldives’ primary school physical education (PE) delivered by generalist teachers and the student experiences. In pursuing this aim, I used mixed-methods in a series of studies. These included investigations of generalist teacher’s perceived confidence and motivation to teach PE, student physical activity (PA) levels, teacher declared barriers to delivering PE, alongside student’s PE-focussed perceived level of teacher support, need satisfaction, need frustration, motivation and adaptive outcomes. In addition, examined was the effectiveness of an 8-week intervention programme targeting increased PA and motivational climate in PE classes.
In Chapter 1, I provide the context of this study; including geographic, historical, cultural and education systems in the Maldives. In Chapter 2, my rationale for undertaking this study with the summary of the theoretical paradigm and methodology of the studies are described. In Chapter 3, I focus on pertinent work from both general and PE domains that have utilised relevant theoretical frameworks such as self-efficacy theory for confidence and motivation of teachers, promoting in-class physical activity grounded in the HOPE (Health Optimising Physical Education) and SHARP principles model (Stretching whilst moving, High repetition of motor skills, Accessibility through differentiation, Reducing sitting and standing, and Promoting in-class physical activity). Finally, I review literature related to enhancing motivational climate through Self-Determination Theory (SDT). In Chapter 4, I explain the paradigmatic underpinnings of the methodology and methods of the studies. In Chapter 5, I focus on exploring generalist teacher’s confidence and motivation to deliver PE. In Chapter 6, I direct my attention to measuring student PA levels and teacher behaviour in PE classes, and explore the challenges and barriers teachers’ encounter when delivering PE. In Chapter 7, I focus on empirically examining the indicators of student experiences in their generalist-delivered PE classes. These include, student perceived support, need satisfaction, need frustration, motivation and adaptive outcomes. In Chapters 8 and 9, I focus on the development, implementation, and evaluation of an 8-week intervention programme. Specifically, the aim of Chapter 8 was to evaluate the impact of the intervention programme on enhancing student PA levels. The goal of Chapter 9 was to investigate the effectiveness of the intervention programme on improving student experiences in PE classes, as examined in Chapter 6. Finally, in Chapter 10, I review the information presented in Chapters 1 to 9, consider the limitations and implications of this work, and present suggestions for future research.
This thesis analyses data collected across five separate studies involving participants drawn from Maldives’ primary school PE classes. It contributes a novel and comprehensive understanding of the status of PE delivery by generalist teachers and student experiences in Maldives’ primary schools. Through the use of surveys, class observations and semi-structured interviews, the findings from the baseline studies (Chapters 5 to 7) are as follows. Chapter 5 indicated generalist teachers in the Maldivian context believed their knowledge of PE was deficient, which impacted their confidence and motivation to implement PE lessons. Chapter 6 results confirmed that the students averaged 31.05% (7.95 minutes) of PE time in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). According to the teachers, PE programme implementation was impacted by a lack of teacher knowledge and confidence, teacher attire, and perceived lack of infrastructure, resources and equipment. In spite of limited PE time and resources, the results from Chapter 7 showed that children in the Maldivian school context were highly motivated and enjoyed PE lessons whilst experiencing need supportive teaching styles. Lastly, this work reports the outcomes of an 8-week intervention programme (Chapters 8 and 9) designed with the intention of increasing children’s MVPA level and motivational climate. Chapter 8 findings established MVPA in the intervention schools increased significantly from the baseline measures, whereas in the control schools, MVPA remained constant. The results presented in Chapter 9 confirmed that the intervention programme significantly enhanced the students’ perceived need support, and autonomous motivation. It also reduced teachers’ need frustrating behaviours within PE classes. Therefore, it is concluded that this detailed exploration of generalist teachers’ PE delivery and student experiences in PE, and the impact of the intervention programme have significant conceptual and practical implications for improving the quality of PE in Maldives’ primary schools.
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Russell, Emma Margaret. "Mindful physical education : factors that facilitate physical educators’ implementation of Teaching Games for Understanding into their teaching practice." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28257.
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In recent years, some academic scholars have advocated for change within Physical Education (P.E.) and promoted an alternative, Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU), a teaching method grounded in social constructivist theory. Even though TGfU has met with some success, Butler (2005) suggests, it is still a challenge to transition the TGfU methodology into the practical teaching world.
To establish those factors that help the implementation of TGfU into their teaching practices, this researcher interviewed five physical educators enrolled in a Master’s TGfU focused cohort, at the University of British Columbia. Following the completion of their Master’s summer institute, the participants were interviewed twice, at the beginning of the school year and then five to six weeks later. The participants were also asked to complete three Teaching Perspectives Inventories (TPI), one before and one after the summer institute, and a third one month after the start of the school year. The TPI is used to measure the teaching orientation of educators by organizing answers to teaching belief-specific questions into five teaching perspectives. Understanding that implementation of new initiatives requires support from other stakeholders, the researcher interviewed the participants’ primary colleagues and principals.
Four main factors emerged from the research findings: transparent communication between stakeholders, teacher and student motivation, time, and professional development. It has become increasingly clear through the research findings that successful implementation is not simply one individual working alone to implement change but rather a complex network of different interrelating factors and stakeholders.
When implementation of a curriculum innovation such as TGfU, is viewed as an interrelated entity it can be examined through the lens of complexity thinking. The complexity thinking characteristics of self-organization, feedback loops, decentralized control and complex networks, affects the manner in which new initiative are successful. Therefore, for implementation to be successful the type of complex network that is created is paramount. As Davis and Sumara (2008) suggest, a decentralized network – where stakeholders connect (transparency in communication) and collaborate (motivation) where its goal is to become collectively smarter (professional development) – can be seen as the blue print of a knowing and learning system.
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Dunn, Steven James. "Generating process in adolescent sport participation: a knowledge translation plan bridging research and practice." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119359.
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Knowledge translation (KT) has been referred to as "the methods for closing the gaps from knowledge to practice" (Straus, Tetroe & Graham, 2009). During the 2010-2011 academic year, a research project was conducted in the three high schools of the Eastern Townships School Board (ETSB). The project investigated dimensions of interpersonal and activity-based influence on adolescent motivation and sport participation. A KT plan was devised based on feedback from the stakeholders and practitioners of the athletic programs of the school board. Feedback took the form of pre and post KT plan data. Questionnaires were designed based on a blend of open-ended and specific questioning, as suggested in Maxwell (2006), exploring stakeholder input and experiences. Three themes guided the study and helped to organize the emerging data. The themes included 1) the importance of stakeholder input, 2) sustainability and 3) feasibility of implementation. The aim of the plan was to ensure the results and practical applications of the study reached the intended users. A secondary aim was to contribute to create the necessary trust for a sustainable relationship between the researchers and the high schools of the ETSB. This study outlines the process, chronology and formulation of the knowledge translation plan as well as some of the challenges and opportunities that arose as we endeavored to design and implement the KT plan for the ETSB.L'application des connaissances, aussi connue sous l'acronyme «AC» (KT ou Knowledge translation dans la version originale anglaise), a été décrite comme «les méthodes pour combler les lacunes entre la connaissance et la pratique» (Straus, Tetroe & Graham, 2009). Au cours de l'année scolaire 2010-2011, une étude a été menée dans les trois écoles secondaires de la Commission Scolaire Eastern Townships (CSET). L'étude a porté sur les dimensions de l'influence interpersonnelle et de celle basée sur l'activité en ce qui a trait à la motivation des adolescent(e)s et à leur participation aux sports. Un plan d'AC a été conçu selon les commentaires des parties prenantes et des intervenants des programmes sportifs de la commission scolaire. Ces commentaires ont été recueillis à l'aide d'un plan de collecte de données administré avant et après l'AC. Des questionnaires ont été conçus en intégrant des questions à réponses fermée et ouverte, afin d'explorer les commentaires des intervenants et leurs expériences, comme indiqué dans Maxwell (2006). Trois thèmes ont guidé l'étude et aidé à organiser les données recueillies: l'importance de la participation des parties prenantes, le processus pour la durabilité et la faisabilité de la mise en œuvre. L'objectif était de s'assurer que les résultats et les applications pratiques de l'étude aient atteint les utilisateurs visés. Un objectif secondaire était de contribuer à créer le climat de confiance nécessaire à une relation durable entre les chercheurs et les écoles secondaires de la CSET. Cette thèse décrit le processus, la chronologie et la formulation du plan d'application des connaissances, ainsi que certains défis et opportunités qui se sont posés lors de notre démarche visant à concevoir et mettre en œuvre le plan d 'AC pour la CSET.
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Coates, Janine Kim. "Let the children have their say : experiences of children with special educational needs in physical education." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2010. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5972/.
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Boynewicz, Kara, and Carol Trivette. "Building Capacity and Tailoring Practice with Families as Foundation for Providing Best Practices in Early Intervention Services Under IDEA." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8346.
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Serving infants and toddlers and their families is the core of Part C under IDEA. Early motor delays have an increased risk for developmental delays in visual motor perception, social-emotional, and cognitive domains. Physical therapists in early intervention can assist families understanding of their child’s strengths and abilities so that families help their children develop and learn. The Division for Early Childhood (DEC) have recommended practice areas and special monograph series that guide practitioners in working with families. These document support promotion of the active participation of families in decision-making related to their child and development of a service plan for achieving the goals they hold for their child. In this interactive session, participants will learn about tools to help engage families to focus on intervention strategies in their natural enviornment. The session will challenge providers to think about their interactions with the child's family and how those interactions strengthen a family’s ability to support learning. Family-centered practices, family capacity-building practices and family and professional collaboration will be discussed with case examples. Participants will walk away with resources and tools to build capacity and tailor practice with families in their natural environment for best practice under IDEA.
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Watanabe, Garry. "Explanatory perspectives of enjoyment during deliberate practice sessions for competitive swimmers of varying levels of expertise." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/8955.
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The Ericsson framework (1996) for the acquisition of expertise describes deliberate practice as the most relevant training for the improvement of performance within a domain of expertise. The framework describes deliberate practice as highly relevant, highly effortful forms of training that are inherently non-enjoyable. Subsequent studies seeking to apply the framework in the domain of sport (Starkes et al., 1996; Helsen et al., 1998; Young & Salmela, 1998) found that many subjects described highly relevant, highly effortful forms of practice to be enjoyable. Following the findings of previous deliberate practice studies in the sport setting, this study sought to seek out swimmers who were currently training and who described deliberate practice as being enjoyable and to discover the sources of this pleasure. A questionnaire was administered to 237 male and female competitive swimmers from three different performance groups to identify how they rated swimming specific deliberate practice activities regarding the relative relevance, effort, concentration and enjoyment of each. Subsequently, 18 subjects who had rated deliberate practice as enjoyable, were interviewed regarding the nature of their enjoyment of the deliberate practice. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Lee, Myung-Ah. "Generalization of supporting movement in tag rugby from practice to games in 7th and 8th grade physical education." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1086195558.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 168 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Phillip Ward, College of Education. Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-137).
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Courtney, Michele A. "Physical Therapy Faculty Clinical Practice and Faculty Work Characteristics." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1459078188.
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Spivack, Kimberly. "The Impact of Policy on Practice in Elementary Physical Education in the Bergling School Division in Virginia." Thesis, George Mason University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3638084.
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Federal, state, and local school policies since the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001 have increased the focus on student achievement. Subjects such as physical education have become less of a priority. At the same time, childhood obesity is a serious public health problem. Virginia schools provide an opportunity for student to learn about the importance of being physical activity and knowledge to lead an active life through physical education class. The purpose of the study was to explore elementary physical education teachers' in the Bergling School Division (a pseudonym) in the Commonwealth of Virginia implementation of the physical education curriculum, and their knowledge of the state and local school division physical education policies. In addition, the study examined their perceptions of factors to implementing the curriculum. A survey was administered to a population of elementary physical education teachers in the Bergling School Division. Part one of the survey included factors to curriculum implementation. Part two of the survey included items related to the teachers' application of the curriculum and understanding of policies. The results were analyzed using quantitative methods to determine if relationships exist between factors to curriculum implementation and specified teacher demographics, setting, and perception of policy. Findings from the survey data show teachers are using the physical education curriculum to teach, but lack competence in the policies that guide how the subject is implemented. Furthermore, teachers sight lack of time with students, class size, and low priority for physical education as factors to curriculum implementation.
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Chan, Kam-hung. "Problems experienced by pre-service PE teachers during their teaching practice in secondary schools in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18886899.
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Ajjawi, Rola. "Learning to communicate clinical reasoning in physiotherapy practice." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1556.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Effective clinical reasoning and its communication are essential to health professional practice, especially in the current health care climate. Increasing litigation leading to legal requirements for comprehensive, relevant and appropriate information exchange between health professionals and patients (including their caregivers) and the drive for active consumer involvement are two key factors that underline the importance of clear communication and collaborative decision making. Health professionals are accountable for their decisions and service provision to various stakeholders, including patients, health sector managers, policy-makers and colleagues. An important aspect of this accountability is the ability to clearly articulate and justify management decisions. Considerable research across the health disciplines has investigated the nature of clinical reasoning and its relationship with knowledge and expertise. However, physiotherapy research literature to date has not specifically addressed the interaction between communication and clinical reasoning in practice, neither has it explored modes and patterns of learning that facilitate the acquisition of this complex skill. The purpose of this research was to contribute to the profession’s knowledge base a greater understanding of how experienced physiotherapists having learned to reason, then learn to communicate their clinical reasoning with patients and with novice physiotherapists. Informed by the interpretive paradigm, a hermeneutic phenomenological research study was conducted using multiple methods of data collection including observation, written reflective exercises and repeated semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using phenomenological and hermeneutic strategies involving in-depth, iterative reading and interpretation to identify themes in the data. Twelve physiotherapists with clinical and supervisory experience were recruited from the areas of cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal and neurological physiotherapy to participate in this study. Participants’ learning journeys were diverse, although certain factors and episodes of learning were common or similar. Participation with colleagues, peers and students, where the participants felt supported and guided in their learning, was a powerful way to learn to reason and to communicate reasoning. Experiential learning strategies, such as guidance, observation, discussion and feedback were found to be effective in enhancing learning of clinical reasoning and its communication. The cultural and environmental context created and supported by the practice community (which includes health professionals, patients and caregivers) was found to influence the participants’ learning of clinical reasoning and its communication. Participants reported various incidents that raised their awareness of their reasoning and communication abilities, such as teaching students on clinical placements, and informal discussions with peers about patients; these were linked with periods of steep learning of both abilities. Findings from this research present learning to reason and to communicate reasoning as journeys of professional socialisation that evolve through higher education and in the workplace. A key finding that supports this view is that clinical reasoning and its communication are embedded in the context of professional practice and therefore are best learned in this context of becoming, and developing as, a member of the profession. Communication of clinical reasoning was found to be both an inherent part of reasoning and an essential and complementary skill necessary for sound reasoning, that was embedded in the contextual demands of the task and situation. In this way clinical reasoning and its communication are intertwined and should be learned concurrently. The learning and teaching of clinical reasoning and its communication should be synergistic and integrated; contextual, meaningful and reflexive.
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Asola, Eugene Fadola. "Congruence of practice in Alabama schools with national and state policy texts for physical education." Thesis, [Tuscaloosa, Ala. : University of Alabama Libraries], 2009. http://purl.lib.ua.edu/76.
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Farr, Jacqueline. "A rock or a hard place? : teaching assistants supporting physically disabled pupils in mainstream secondary school physical education : the tensions of professionalising the role." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2010. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6609/.
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As a Physical Education (PE) teacher in both special and mainstream schools over a 15 year period, I witnessed the use of the teaching assistant (or Learning Support Assistant as they were known) for purposes which might be deemed to be related to a medical/welfare/care-giver role. In addition, previous small-scale research into the experiences of secondary-age disabled pupils in mainstream as opposed to special school PE showed that their experiences in an inclusive setting were restricted and that the presence of a TA did little to rectify this situation (Farr, 2005). Recently, the professionalisation of the role of the TA may have created a ‘teacher-in-waiting’ (Neill, 2002) and thus the nature of the TA’s role in PE, and the ability of the specialist teacher to work collaboratively with them is complex. This mixed methods study, inspired by critical ethnography (Thomas, 1993, 2003) incorporated five techniques of enquiry initially based on the work of Giangreco and Broer (2005). In keeping with a constructionist paradigm and integrating what I have termed a distorical theoretical perspective, I counted the interaction between people and the social structure in which they operated as important (Crotty, 1998, Broido, 2002) and drew on dominant participant voices (Lincoln and Guba, 2003). Adopting a theoretical perspective grounded in disability studies, I explored the perceptions of the role of the TA in inclusive PE through qualitative and quantitative data and presented a role definition which combines the humanistic with the instructional (or professional) after Reiter, 2000. I argued whether responsibility for the child’s learning should be devolved through the TA. Do we use the TA to make the teacher’s life easier or to support, collaboratively, the inclusion of the disabled pupil? The impact of this study on professional practice relates to the clarity of role definition for TAs generally and for TAs specifically who work in PE; the collaborative nature (or otherwise) of the TA/teacher relationship and the implications of these findings for the future training and deployment of teaching assistants in PE with a physically disabled pupil in a mainstream secondary school. This study found that TAs in PE share many traits or characteristics with those TAs working in other subject disciplines, or across subjects. However, in PE they were inclined to rate a willingness and ability to ‘join in’ and participate in practical activities alongside pupils above pedagogical knowledge. Training either reinforces an instructional or coaching role, or it focuses on the caring or medical aspects. The reality for the TA in this study however, is that they neither define themselves as one or the other but see themselves as drawing on their own skills, empathy and initiative to facilitate a positive, inclusive environment, with or without the input of the PE teacher. They deem themselves to be both care-givers where appropriate as well as supporters of autonomous participation (as opposed to learning). That the professionalization of their role moves them towards the pedagogical places the TA between a rock and a hard place.
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Pickup, Ian. "Learning to teach physical education in primary schools : the influence of dispositions and external structures on practice." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2012. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/learning-to-teach-physical-education-in-primary-schools(c85d6167-374f-4bbe-b712-531803c1ee42).html.
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This research explores the process of becoming a teacher of primary physical education (PE) within an English University based Initial Teacher Training context. Despite the introduction of a National Physical Education and school sport subject strategy in 2003, academics and professionals in the UK and elsewhere have continued to suggest that primary PE is highly problematic, echoing the views of others expressed consistently over four decades. There have been regular calls for a significant increase in the time allocated to the subject within the structure of primary ITT and some have suggested that primary PE is best taught by ‘specialists’ as many class teachers feel most comfortable delegating this task to others. However, although some researchers have suggested that trainee primary teachers are more or less disposed towards the teaching of PE, little is known regarding the dual role of dispositional and structural factors, or the way in which they combine to result in particular primary PE practices. Data were collected over a three year period (2004-2007). The research was conducted within a university provider of primary ITT in the South of England and focused on trainees following a three year undergraduate degree route to Qualified Teacher Status. In Stage 1, an initial quantitative scale was administered to a large cohort of trainee primary teachers at the outset of their course. This was followed by a series of semi-structured interviews with a smaller sample of trainees. Qualitative data generated through semi structured interviews were analysed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis as an organisational framework, creating descriptive coding and the presentation of organisational themes. This analytic process led to the development of a model to represent the relationship between structures, disposition and practice in primary PEITT. The outer dial of this model represents a typology of trainees in primary PEITT, which is the outcome of combined influences of structures and disposition. Four recommendations for practice are made, including the need to develop the structures of primary PE ITT with differentiated learning opportunities and to provide more effectively mentored practice in school settings. Whilst those trainees with a very negative disposition towards PE may be best advised to avoid teaching the subject altogether, the greatest potential for improving primary PE lies in the development of those trainees with an initially ambivalent attitude to the subject. This majority of trainees in the middle ground of the proposed typology may hold the key for long term improvements in the subject should ITT providers be able to respond to the identified learning needs. The findings of this research are particularly pertinent in light of current government plans to increase school based responsibilities within ITT.
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Jones, Andrew. "Lost in translation? – The “integration of theory and practice” as a central focus for senior schooling Physical Education Studies." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2017. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1950.
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In February 2007 a new senior secondary Physical Education Studies (PES) was introduced in Western Australia (WA). The course was one of some 50 new courses that were developed in conjunction with the introduction of a new Western Australian Certificate of Education (WACE). Notably, the rationale for PES claimed that the “integration of theory and practice is central to studies in this course” (Curriculum Council of WA [CCWA], 2009, p. 2). Focusing on the initial years of implementation this study explored curriculum change and reform within the Health and Physical Education (HPE) Learning Area and specifically, in the context of PES in Western Australia (WA), to consider the extent to which this significant course intention has been realised.
Accordingly, the study investigated the discourse(s) that formed PES in WA, before using this as a backdrop to examine the notion of integrated theory and practice in “enactment” (Ball, Maguire, Braun, Hoskins, & Perryman, 2012, p. 6). In particular, the study addressed the dynamic relationship between curriculum, assessment and pedagogy, and sought a better understanding of the policy making and course design intentions that formed PES, and the representation, expression and contestation of varied discourse. The study had the ultimate aim of identifying “creative and original” (Ball et al., 2012) practice in the field of senior school physical education (PE), and specifically integrated theory and practice pedagogy.
Literature that locates the study in the context of policy and enactment is reviewed, before attention turns to the field of pedagogical practice in PE as linked to senior secondary school, and in particular Bernstein’s conceptualisation of pedagogic discourse (1990) and Arnold’s (1979) concepts or dimensions, namely ‘in, through and about’ movement.
The study employed a phased approach, investigating three research questions with findings from Phase 1 (research question one) informing and providing a backdrop to Phase 2 (research questions two and three). The methodology for the phased study was informed by Bernstein’s conceptualisation of pedagogic discourse, and specifically the Recontextualising and Secondary Fields, and utilised qualitative research methods, including semi structured interviews, document analysis and a series of case studies in schools.
The research findings from phase one of the study established that the new PES course in WA emerged on the back of significant educational reform that enabled a series of varied overarching discourse(s) pertinent to contemporary debate in the broader education and PE context, both in Australian and Internationally to be advanced. The study then explored how one of these overarching discourses, namely the 'integration of theory and practice' was interpreted and enacted in schools and the factors influencing the various approaches and responses identified. The data highlighted that teachers in the context of PES in WA, broadly interpreted the ‘integration of theory and practice’ in terms similar to Arnold’s conceptualisation. The study generated data that suggests evidence of some, or what might be called “modest” (Brown & Penney, 2013), examples of integrated theory and practice teaching and learning arrangements. These varied considerably and consequently there was little or no sign of established ‘integrated theory and practice’ pedagogy across the schools involved in the study. Accordingly this thesis focuses on examples of these various arrangements.
This study extends understanding of the various discourses impacting “integration”, most notably Arnold’s conceptualisation of learning in/through/about movement, and emphasises the need for more work that engages with the complexities of how curriculum and assessment discourses can be effectively mediated through pedagogical practice. A series of recommendations, which utilise Bernstein’s conceptualisation as a central organiser, are made. These focus on ‘how’ conditions in the recontextualising fields can be arranged to create a curriculum, assessment and pedagogic environment where integrated theory and practice as a centre piece for PES could prosper, and ‘what’ pedagogically can be done to develop practice in this area. The recommendations address curriculum, assessment and pedagogy at multiple levels and while specifically related to the context of PES in WA, are typically pertinent to senior secondary school courses nationally and internationally.
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Rask, Sara. "Elitidrottande elevers syn på ämnet idrott och hälsa : En kvalitativ studie om hur elever som läst vid riksidrottsgymnasiet med inriktning bordtennis upplevde ämnet idrott och hälsa." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för idrottsvetenskap (ID), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-49812.
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The purpose of this study is to describe and analyse how elite sport students who studied at the National Sport Upper Secondary Schools with specialization on table tennis, experienced the aim and content of the subject Physical Education related to the learning of the subject, learning of the Specialized Physical Education, as well as their own elite investment. The theoretical perspective used in the study is Lave and Wengers (1991) theoretical concept the Community of practice. Where the focus is based on how the students like a community fulfills the criteria who used to characterize the Community of practice and also the aspect of "learning as participate" in the Community of practice. The results showed that the students did not experience a specific aim with the subject Physical Education. The biggest difference was in how the students experienced the learning of the subject Specialized Physical Education towards Physical Education. All of the students exemplify the meaning of studying at the National Sport Upper Secondary Schools with the aim of becoming an elite athlete. Therefore the subject Physical Education was seen by the students more as a subject of amusing character than a subject with knowledge, unlike what they experienced with the subject Specialized Physical Education. In relation to their own elite investment it became obvious that the students considered that they could not use the practical skills which were supposed to be developed in the subject of Physical Education. However two of the students emphasized that the theoretical knowledge was important elements in relation to their elite investment.
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Bowman, Winifred Edna. "The evaluation of an accreditation programme for quality improvement in private physiotherapy practice in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52525.
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Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: "Quality" has different meanings to different people. Even quality experts do not agree on a single definition: Juran's definition of quality revolves around his concept of "fitness for use", Crosby defines quality in terms of performance that produces "zero defects" and Deming defines quality as a "never ending cycle of continuous improvement". One element, however, that is common to all three approaches is that management must accept and demonstrate leadership if quality is to be achieved. Quality is rarely thought of as others perceive it. What is apparent is that if providers of care wish to maintain leadership in defining quality, they need to - Actively participate in the public debate about quality. Review the way in which they have been defining quality. Question whether their definitions are aligned with what the purchasers of health care define as being important. Develop meaningful measures of quality and data collection systems that will allow them to demonstrate quality and value. - Willingly share data not only on outcomes, and also measures that are specific to individual procedures and service providers. The PhysioFocus practice accreditation programme attempted to achieve the above factors. By realising the goal of the research this was determined. The goal of the research was to evaluate the PhysioFocus practice accreditation programme and to make recommendations on the educational programme for accreditation in private physiotherapy practices. This goal was realised by means of an exploratory and descriptive research design with a qualitative orientation. The evaluation of the PhysioFocus practice accreditation programme was performed by means of a validated evaluation instrument. The group interview revealed components of the PhysioFocus practice accreditation programme that require remediation. Recommendations included professional-ethical issues, business management and legislative issues. The recommendations will be implemented by the PhysioFocus practice accreditation committee. The PhysioFocus practice accreditation learning programme was evaluated by means of a semi-structured questionnaire, containing eleven questions and a section for comments. The general consensus was that the PhysioFocus practice accreditation programme is essential in private physiotherapy practice in South Africa. The implementation of the PhysioFocus practice accreditation programme resulted in the facilitation of quality physiotherapy; professional and personal development; monitoring of quality improvement processes; and the evaluation and remediation of these processes. This supported the central theoretical assumption of the research. Concerns were voiced about the lack of standards, lack of quality improvement skills, the public image of the physiotherapy profession and the lack of basic business management training. The researcher concluded that the implementation of the PhysioFocus practice accreditation programme is essential in private physiotherapy practice in South Africa. At present the current PhysioFocus practice accreditation programme does not address all the needs of private physiotherapy practices. Recommendations based on the research included remediation of the current PhysioFocus practice accreditation programme, formal education included business management, professional-ethical-Iegal issues, standards and scientific methods to analyse process variation and the development of improvement strategies in quality improvement. Other recommendations include informal education, physiotherapy management and structured quality improvement activities. The issue of the image of the professional physiotherapist was also addressed. Topics for future research were identified. The uniqueness of the research lies in the fact that this is the only physiotherapy practice accreditation programme implemented in South Africa. It is also the only physiotherapy practice accreditation programme in South Africa that has been evaluated.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: "Gehalte" het verskillende betekenisse vir verskillende mense. Selfs kenners op die gebied van gehalte stem nie saam met 'n enkele definisie nie. Juran se omvattende definisie is "gebruikswaarde", terwyl Crosby gehalte in terme van produksie, naamlik "zero defek", definieer. Deming definieer gehalte as "'n nimmereindigende siklus van voortdurende verbetering". Die een aspek wat al drie die kenners egter gemeen het, is dat bestuur leierskap moet aanvaar en demonstreer indien gehalte bereik wil word. Geen twee persone ervaar gehalte eenders nie. Indien diensverskaffers leiding wil behou ten opsigte van gehalte-definiëring, sal hulle verplig wees om: aktief deel te neem aan openbare debat oor gehalte; die aanvaarde definisie van gehalte te herevalueer; die aanvaarde definisie van gehalte op te weeg teenoor dié van die mediese hulpfonds-administrasie; gehalte- en data insamelingsisteme te ontwikkel om gehalte en waarde te bewys; en gewillig alle data te deel - nie net uitkomsdata nie, maar ook data wat spesifiek op individuele prosedures en diensverskaffers van toepassing is. Die PhysioFocus praktyk-akkreditasieprogram het gepoog om bogenoemde te bereik. Die navorsing het gerealiseer deurdat die doelstelling bereik is. Die doelstelling van die navorsing was om die PhysioFocus praktykakkreditasieprogram te evalueer en aanbevelings te maak vir 'n leerprogram vir die akkreditasieprogram. Die doelstelling het gerealiseer deur "n verkennende en beskrywende navorsingsontwerp vanuit 'n kwalitatiewe oriëntasie. Die evaluering van die PhysioFocus praktyk-akkreditasieprogram het deur middel van 'n gevalideerde evalueringsinstrument geskied. Die groepsonderhoud het areas van die PhysioFocus praktyk- akkreditasieprogram wat remediëring benodig, geïdentifiseer. Aanbevelings het professionele-etiese aspekte, besigheidsbestuur en wetlike aspekte ingesluit. Die aanbevelings sal deur die PhysioFocus praktykakkreditasiekommitee geïmplementeer word. Die evaluering van die PhysioFocus praktyk-akkreditasieleerprogram het deur middel van 'n semi-gestruktureerde vraelys met 11 oop vrae, tesame met 'n afdeling vir opmerkings, geskied. Die algemene aanname was dat die PhysioFocus praktyk-akkreditasieprogram noodsaaklik is in privaat fisioterapiepraktyk in Suid-Afrika. Die implementering van die PhysioFocus praktyk-akkreditasieprogram het gehalte fisioterapie, professionele en persoonlike ontwikkeling, die monitering van gehalteverbeteringsprosesse, asook evaluering en remediëring van hierdie prosesse, tot gevolg gehad. Dit het die sentraalteoretiese aanname van die navorsing ondersteun. Daar was egter kommer oor die gebrek aan standaarde, die beeld van die fisioterapieprofessie, asook die gebrek aan besigheidsbestuuropleiding. Die navorser het tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die implementering van die PhysioFocus praktyk-akkreditasieprogram noodsaaklik is in privaat fisioterapiepraktyk in Suid-Afrika. Die huidige PhysioFocus praktykakkreditasieprogram voldoen nie aan al die vereistes van privaat fisioterapiepraktyk in Suid Afrika nie. Aanbevelings vanuit die navorsing sluit die volgende in: remediëring van die huidige PhysioFocus praktyk-akkreditasieprogram; formele opleiding, insluitende profesionele-etiese-wetlike aspekte; standaarde; wetenskaplike metodes om die praktykprosesveranderinge te analiseer; en die ontwikkeling van 'n gestruktureerde gehalteverbeteringstrategie. Die beeld van die fisioterapieprofessie is ook aangespreek. Onderwerpe vir toekomstige navorsing is geïdentifiseer. Die navorsing is uniek omdat die PhysioFocus praktyk-akkreditasieprogram die enigste akkreditasieprogram vir fisioterapie in Suid Afrika is. Dit is ook die enigste fisioterapie-akkreditasieprogram wat in Suid Afrika geëvalueer is.
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Jones, Luke I. "The nature and practice of primary physical education : a study of the perceptions of subject leaders." Thesis, University of Chester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/620389.
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Much of the existing research on primary physical education (PE) has focused on the supposed importance and potential of the subject at this age range, rather than on its actual nature and practice. It is repeatedly claimed within the literature that the development of movement skills during early learning experiences is significant as it lays the foundation for continuing participation in health enhancing physical activity. While much of the existing research has focused on the supposed importance of primary PE, further study in this area expresses concerns about the deficiencies in the preparation of primary generalists to teach the subject; over the quality of learning and teaching within the subject; and over a perceived lack of investment (in the long term) in the primary age phase. In the light of the comparatively limited research relating to primary PE, the reported issues which surround the provision of the subject and the current emphasis on its promotion through the PE and Sport Premium, the study aimed to examine change alongside continuity in what has been identified, rhetorically at least, as an important area of PE. Drawing upon data gathered from one-to-one interviews with 36 subject leaders (SLs), this study sought to describe and explain the nature and practice of primary PE and develop a more adequate understanding of what is actually happening in the name of the subject. The analysis of primary PE was undertaken through the use of a case study of one School Sport Partnership (SSP) in the north-west of England, with the theoretical framework for this study being formed by the figurational sociological perspective. The findings revealed that the most common model for the delivery of PE involved responsibility being shared between the generalist class teacher and either a sports coach or specialist PE teacher. The SLs recognised strengths and weaknesses in all of the three main approaches used. However, while they favoured the use of specialist teachers because of their subject knowledge and expertise, the more prosaic constraints of cost and flexibility meant that the use of coaches had become increasingly popular. Whether or not, the growth of coaches is de-professionalizing the delivery of PE, it certainly appears to be exacerbating any existing tendency to turn primary PE into a pale imitation of the sport-biased curricular of secondary schools. Ironically, the apparent ‘threat’ to the status of PE in the primary curriculum (as well as the status of PE specialists) posed by the growth of coaches in curricular PE in primary schools may well be exaggerated by the primary PE and Sport Premium which appears to have added momentum to a change of direction regarding staffing the subject – towards sports coaches and away from generalist classroom teachers and PE specialists. The data also showed that while the pedagogical approaches adopted in primary PE lessons did include some inclusive and developmentally appropriate methods, the overriding focus was on didactic teaching approaches being used to achieve narrow skills based outcomes. The historical dominance of games, the inclusion of primary teachers in lengthening chains of interdependence with sporting groups and individuals, and the conflation of sport with PE were all thought to have influenced the adoption of a teaching model that is unduly influenced by sport. It was also clear from SLs responses, that the prevalence of teaching methods that bind didactic and skill based pedagogy are unlikely to be challenged by the greater inclusion of sports coaches within primary PE. Finally, the contents of primary PE lessons were shown, by the data, to be dominated by sport and traditional team games; and to be organised around the timings of the major inter-school competitions and tournaments. Overall it was argued that the portents of a future with sports coaches as the main deliverers of primary ‘sport’ lessons are there for all to see, and that this apparent change is best understood by locating the subject leaders of PE in the networks of interdependent relationships that they have with others.
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Ko, Bomna. "An Examination of Teaching Practices of Elementary Physical Educators." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1222195545.
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Vail, Teresa M. "Teachers' professional development experiences: Implications for teaching practice." Scholarly Commons, 2011. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/28.
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The purpose of this study was to inquire into the ways in which participation in physical science professional development impacts science teachers' professional learning and ultimately their practice over time. This study strove to provide a greater understanding of teachers' processes as they engage in professional learning and make changes in their practice long after the requirements of the professional development have been met. The six respondents that participated in the inquiry were physical science educators who were teaching in four different high schools in Central California. The guiding research question was stated as: How does participation in physical science professional development impact teachers' professional learning and ultimately their practice? Three sub-questions were also explored: In what ways does physical science professional development impact teachers' pedagogical content knowledge over time? In what ways does physical science professional development impact teachers' curriculum decision-making processes over time? In what ways does physical science professional development support a teacher's professional learning over time? Collective case study methodology was used in order to acquire multiple perspectives on the processes of teachers' professional learning and how professional development experiences have impacted this process. From four cross-case analyses of interviews, classroom observations, and documents, six themes emerged elucidating the process of professional learning. The process of professional learning is "driven" by a constant desire to learn resulting in the participation in professional development experiences where bits-n-pieces of curriculum are incorporated into the teachers' practice supported by relationships and reflection. The pressure to conform to education policy tempers the entire process of professional learning. Lastly, the process of professional learning has produced teachers as leaders. Each aspect of the process of professional learning has been impacted by the respondents' participation in professional development. By engaging in the iterative process of professional learning described here, respondents are transforming their professional development experiences in order to learn from and about their practice over extended periods of time. As professional learners, the respondents act as change agents in their own practice, schools and learning communities. Based on the results, implications for practice and recommendations for further inquiry are also presented.
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Cicirello, Nancy Ann. "The Role of Parent Coaching by Pediatric Physical Therapists: An Exploration of Current Practice." PDXScholar, 2005. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5184.
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Children with disabilities are not the sole clients of the pediatric physical therapy practitioner. However, research, best practice, and federal mandated legislation oblige therapists to transition from a traditional medical child-centered model of intervention to a family-centered model. This model places an emphasis on instructing parents, guiding their development as the dominant change agent for their children. Viewing parents as the predominant learner during intervention sessions is hampered by the paucity of family-related and adult-learning content in the professional preparation programs in higher education. It is further inhibited by professional attitudinal beliefs that continue to place a higher value on child characteristics for clinical decision making.
This qualitative study explored the scope of four private practice pediatric physical therapists' role as a parent coach. Each therapist was videotaped with two young children diagnosed with movement dysfunction and their mothers. Using a coaching framework presented by Hanft, Rush, and Shelden (2004), therapist/parent interactions were analyzed within the phases of initiation, observation/action, reflection, and evaluation. In addition, interpretation of these observations was also viewed through the theoretical lenses of adult learning and motor learning.
The findings indicated that parent coaching was minimally employed by these four therapists. The lack of family-centered focus, minimal adult learning theory knowledge/application and nominal motor learning application to parental handling skill development further establishes a diminished attention to the potential for building parent competence. The research-to-practice gap confirmed a need in professional preparation and continuing education. Recommendations are made for a holistic model that includes application of both adult and motor learning in conjunction with a coaching model.
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Zhang, Peng. "The Effects of Play Pracice on Teaching Table Tennis Forehand Skills." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1211575204.
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Herold, Frank. "The development of pre-service teachers subject knowledge during a post-graduate physical education teacher education programme." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13618.
Full textAbstract:
This study is concerned with the development of subject knowledge in pre-service teachers of secondary physical education (PE) during their one year Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) course. It investigates the knowledge bases for teaching which pre-service teachers recognised, developed and prioritised, as well as the key influences that impacted on their subject knowledge development. Adopting an interpretive methodology informed by constructivist grounded theory, the study employed interviews, lesson observations and post-lesson reflections as principal research methods. Pre-service teachers were seen to make wide-ranging progress in their subject knowledge, including the development of content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, general pedagogical knowledge, knowledge of curriculum and knowledge of pupils. Through this they advanced their view of the nature of PE and how they wanted to teach it. The research highlights, that the process of knowledge development in PETE is socially constructed and complex. Much of the pre-service teachers development was influenced by various communities of practice, particularly their school placements PE departments, but also their University-based learning community. Of these, the legitimised practices within the PE departments were found to be especially important to pre-service teachers development. University-based learning was credited by pre-service teachers with enhancing their holistic understanding of the learning process, developing those aspects of critical pedagogy that were under-developed in schools. The impact of different subject knowledge profiles and the consequences of knowledge deficits are identified. This raises questions about the role and development of subject knowledge within PETE and calls for a re-vitalised debate on the nature of the knowledge in PE. Framed within an ever-changing policy landscape is the need for enhanced and stable partnerships that promote shared visions of PETE, an essential part of which is the need to collaboratively design and evaluate explicit knowledge development pathways which allow pre-service teachers to fulfil their potential and genuinely decide how they want to teach PE.
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Higginson, Kelsey. "Investigating Teachers' Implementation of New Social and Emotional Learning Standards Through a Community of Practice." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1593171201789911.
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Quarmby, Thomas Charles. "The influence of family structure in shaping young people's engagement in physical activity." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1673/.
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This thesis reports on research regarding the influence of family structure on young people’s engagement in physical activity. It focussed on understanding how young people’s physical activity dispositions were constructed within wider structural forces that impacted on their everyday lives. A socio-cultural theoretical perspective was adopted and the data were collected using a mixed methods approach. Participants were young people from three inner city comprehensive schools in the Midlands, UK, who completed questionnaires (n = 381) and paired, semi-structured interviews (n = 62). All schools were from low socioeconomic areas since this provided a greater diversity of family structures. As such, three family types were most prominent in this study: intact-couple, lone parent and stepfamily. The data took the form of surveys and interview transcripts and were analysed using PASW Statistics and inductive and deductive procedures respectively. The analytical framework was influenced by the social theory of Bourdieu, recognising the importance of structure and agency. Family was recognised as a social ‘field’ that shaped young people’s dispositions towards specific activities. Moreover, the transmission of an intergenerational habitus within families was bound by their cultural, social and economic resources, which differed according to family structure and contributed to existing societal inequalities.
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Robert, Darren L. "The effects of a preschool movement program on motor skill acquisition, movement concept formation, and movement practice behavior." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1193.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 233 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-126).
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Duthie, Jennifer. "Physiotherapy student practice education : students' perspectives through cultural-historical activity theory." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25656.
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Physiotherapy student practice education, the focus of this thesis, is a highly valued, yet scarcely researched component of pre-registration physiotherapy education. Moreover, the student voice is largely absent from existing research. In this study, 14 physiotherapy students’ perspectives of practice education were gained through email communications (n=13) and face-to-face interviews (n=12). To provide an in-depth and provocative view, physiotherapy student practice education was analysed as a type of activity system, employing concepts borrowed from cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT). Interacting activity systems, objects, players, rules, norms, divisions of labour, mediating artefacts, intra- and inter-systemic contradictions were explored and identified. The findings show that assessment skewed students’ object motives. Practice educators were positioned as powerful gatekeeper/assessor gift-holders. Physiotherapy students enacted ‘learning practice’ norms, such as extensive reading, and adopted the position of practice educator-pleaser. Students sometimes refrained from speaking when they wanted to, for example, to challenge unprofessional staff behaviour. Students were reluctant to show themselves as learners, feeling instead that they needed to present themselves as knowledgeable, able practitioners. However, students did not easily recognise themselves as able contributors to practice. For students, knowledge for practice was focussed on patient assessment and treatment, but the level, depth and volume of knowledge required was perceived differently across distinctive practice areas. Intra- and inter-systemic contradictions, such as the skewing of student object motives towards assessment, and away from whole-patient-centred care, are highlighted. The study findings therefore have implications for patient care as well as for the object of physiotherapy student practice education, student learning and assessment and workplace learning. A cross-profession review of the object of physiotherapy student practice education, to include the voice of service users, students, practice educators, HEIs and service providers, is recommended. A review of physiotherapy student practice-placement assessment, which seemed to be at the core of PSPE dynamics and conditions, is recommended, to take account of the extent to which assessment can influence students’ PSPE object motives, PE/student dynamics and student/patient interactions. Developmental Work Research is proposed as a way forward for future research in this area.
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Chan, Kam-hung, and 陳錦雄. "Problems experienced by pre-service PE teachers during their teaching practice in secondary schools in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31959222.
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Dagkas, Symeon. "Physical education teachers' practice and perceptions in relation to the teaching of PE to Muslim students in Greece." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392788.
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Zhang, Peng. "The effects of play practice on teaching table tennis forehand skills." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211575204.
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Reaby, Linda Lewis, and n/a. "The effectiveness of an educational program to teach a group of A.C.T. nurses comprehensive physical assessment skills." University of Canberra. Education, 1989. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061107.095130.
Full textAbstract:
A sample of 22 registered nurses participated in an
educational program to learn comprehensive physical
assessment skills. This study investigated the effects
of that program on their nursing practice. Administration
of tests and questionnaires provided a measure
of the: (a) use of physical assessment skills; (b)
knowledge of physical assessment; (c) changes in
nursing practice since learning the skills; (d)
barriers to the use of the skills.
The model used for the program's curriculum development
was adult learning theory. The curriculum focused on
this theory's key aspects. Namely, adult students
build new skills on their past knowledge and already
developed skills. Additionally, they must see the
relevance of learning the skills and be able to apply
them in their current life situation. The findings
suggest this model was appropriate.
The nurses in the study used the majority of learned
skills after they completed the program. Their
knowledge concerning these skills also showed
dramatic improvement.
The major findings regarding the increase in knowledge
and use of physical assessment skills, positive changes
in nursing practice and lack of barriers to the use of
skills indicate that an educational program in physical
assessment can be very beneficial to nurses. The
results support those of previous studies in that
nurses will use the physical assessment skills they
have learned in continuing education programs.
The implications for nursing practice and education
were discussed. Suggestions were then made for future
research in this area.
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Johnson, Tyler Gene. "The Effects of the Type of Skill Assessment on the Motivation of Students in Physical Education." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2004. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/614.
Full textAbstract:
The purposes of this study were to (1) examine the effects of criterion-referenced (i.e., Programmed Practice Sheet or PPS) and norm-referenced (i.e., standardized) skill assessments on the situational motivation of junior high school physical education students (N = 507), (2) determine if student task and ego dispositions could be affected by the type of skill assessment administered, and (3) determine if having choices of skill level affects student situational motivation and perception of autonomy support. Student situational motivation, task and ego disposition, and sense of autonomy were assessed using the Situational Motivation Scale (SIMS), Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ), and the Self-Regulation Questionnaire-Autonomy (SRQ-A). Results revealed significant differences between the criterion-referenced/choice Group 4 and the norm-referenced/no choice Group 1 as follows: Group 4 (a) had a greater sense of identified regulation, (b) had a lesser sense of external control, and (c) was less amotivated than Group 1. Significant gender by group interactions were found, thus indicating that girls were more affected by test type than boys. Girls in Group 4 (a) felt a lesser sense of external regulation, (b) had a greater sense of identified regulation, and (c) were more intrinsically motivated than girls in Group 1. Also, girls in Group 4 (a) felt a greater sense of identified regulation and (b) were more intrinsically motivated than girls in the norm-referenced/choice Group 2. These findings provide some evidence that using criterion-referenced skill assessments, like the PPS, and offering choices of skill level may enhance student situational motivation during skill assessment. No significant differences were found in student task and ego disposition and perception of autonomy support.
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Penney, Dawn. ""No change in a new era?" : the impact of the Education Reform Act (1988) on the provision of physical education and sport in state schools." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/194417/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis reports on research that explored the impact of the Education Reform Act (ERA) (1988) on the provision of Physical Education (PE) and sport in state schools within one Local Education Authority (LEA) in England. Specifically, it highlights the complexity of the development and 'implementation' of the National Curriculum for Physical Education (NCPE) and addresses the issues of power and control in the policy process. Chapter 1 outlines the policies within the ERA and the issues arising from them for the provision of PE and sport in schools. Chapters 2 and 3 detail the theoretical and methodological bases of the research respectively. The former centres on policy analysis in education and specifically, the conceptualisation of policy 'as a process'. The latter presents research 'as a process' and addresses the role of a qualitative and ethnographic approach, the integration of theoretical, methodological and empirical issues, and the utilisation of both quantitative and qualitative methods in facilitating the enquiry and understanding of the NCPE as both 'policy' and 'practice'. Chapters 4, 5, 6 and 7 address the policy process at different 'levels' in the education system, describing and analysing the role that central government and the NCPE working group (chapter 4), the LEA (chapter 5), schools and the PE departments and teachers within them (chapters 6 & 7) played in determining the 'effects' of the ERA on the future provision of PE and sport in schools and specifically, what constituted a NCPE in 'policy' and 'practice'. These chapters provide a comprehensive account of the emergence of the NCPE and its interaction with, in particular, the introduction of Local Management of Schools. A variety of data illustrates that in many respects, the introduction of a NCPE signalled 'no change' in PE. In chapter 8 a revised theoretical framework, centring on the interaction of frames (Lundgren,1977i Bernstein, 1990) is presented as a basis for the development of further studies of education policy. In conclusion attention is drawn to methodological issues raised by the research and the need for further research to explore the implications of the observed absence of change in PE if a NCPE is to provide a 'broad and balanced' PE curriculum for all children.
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Al-Ruwaih, Meshari Eisa. "Raising standards in initial teacher training in physical education for primary schools : a comparative analysis between Kuwait and England." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2005. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5797/.
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Keay, Jeanne Kerrel. "The impact of continuing professional development on practice : examining the induction experiences of newly qualified teachers of physical education." Thesis, University of Kent, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408482.
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Paraskevas, Costas Barry. "The voices of year 6 children : their views on physical education and the implications for policy practice and research." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10019967/.
Full textAbstract:
Taking a constructivist-interpretivist stance, this mixed methods case study gives a voice to 236 children from East London between 2007 and 2010 through the use of questionnaires and interviews. The aim was to explore what the children thought about Physical Education, with a view to illuminating and informing current policy, practice and research in relation to the aims which under-pin the national curriculum. The children's voices, conspicuously absent from discussions about their physical education, over the last twenty years, give a view of the curriculum from the recipient's perspective. Through the vibrancy of their voices, the current status quo in primary PE is examined, and ways forward are offered as recurring themes throughout the thesis. In addition to valuing children's voices this thesis shows that through democratising the discussion, the children were more than just 'empty vessels', and were able to offer informed views. The children largely enjoyed Physical Education, valued their health and had ideas on curriculum content, timetabling, fund raising, and asked for a greater range of physical activities to be made available them.