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1
Gail, Dennison, ed. Cómo aplicar gimnasia para el cerebro: Técnicas de autoayuda para la escuela y el hogar. México: Pax México, 2003.
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2
Gail, Dennison, and Espinosa Guillermo, eds. Brain gym: Aprendizaje de todo el cerebro. México, D.F: Robinbook, 2000.
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3
Dennison, Paul E. Brain gym. Ventura, CA: Edu-Kinesthetics, 1994.
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4
Gail, Dennison, ed. Brain gym: Simple activities for whole brain learning. Ventura, Calif: Edu-Kinesthetics, Inc., 1986.
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5
Gail, Dennison, ed. Gimnasia para el cerebro. México, D.F: Editorial Pax México, 2003.
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6
Bedside manners: The troubled history of doctors and patients. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1985.
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7
Shorter, Edward. Bedside manners: The troubled history of doctors and patients. Harmondsworth: Viking, 1986.
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8
Shorter, Edward. Bedside manners: The troubled history of doctors and patients. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1985.
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9
Maggiore, Michele. Basics of FRW cosmology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198570899.003.0008.
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An introduction to FRW cosmology. Comoving and physical coordinates and momenta. Background equation for single fluids and multi-components fluids. Radiation dominance, matter dominance, recombination and decoupling. Newtonian cosmology inside the horizon.
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Lemos, T. M. Of Dogs and Men. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784531.003.0006.
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This chapter summarizes the evidence from the previous chapters, making clear that the conception of personhood most widespread in ancient Israel was one closely tied to dominance. Only the personhood of a socially dominant man was a complete personhood, and dominance was constructed in such a manner that dominant men were entitled to abrogate the personhood of subordinates through physical violence. This point leads to a comparison of the relationship between violence and personhood in ancient Israel and in certain contemporary American contexts. Examining the treatment of the bodies of military prisoners, those incarcerated in American prisons, or African-American men shot by police, one sees important similarities between Israelite violence and the violence seen in these contemporary contexts. These similarities arise because these contexts promote a specific type of personhood, one centered on a totalizing masculine domination that allows the extreme subjugation of others and the erasure of their personhood.
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Lemos, T. M. “But He Indeed Will Rule Over You”. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784531.003.0003.
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This chapter argues that women, like foreigners, were subject to having their personhood erased by those who were dominant over them. The chapter begins with an assessment of whether women were considered persons in ancient Israel, addressing in detail the issue of whether they were considered to be property. Responding to previous research on this question, the chapter contends that women were treated in the ways they were not because they were the property of their husbands but because they were subordinates, and their subordination had clear physical dimensions. Just as subordinate men were liable to having their personhood erased in certain situations, the position of having dominance over women as husbands and fathers also entailed the ability to erase women’s personhood through violence in cases of transgression.
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Kalantzakos, Sophia. Resource Competition, Mineral Scarcity, and Economic Statecraft. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190670931.003.0002.
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Resources have been essential inputs in the world economy and at the epicenter of technological developments. There are different theories of resource scarcity, but uninterrupted access to resources is vital to modern economies, especially since modern technological applications demand resource inputs from across the globe. Physical depletion and flow disruption, therefore, both pose a series of challenges for policymakers and industry. The examination of China’s use of economic statecraft in the case of the rare-earth crisis and the corresponding response of the European Union, the United States, and Japan provide a salient example of how resource dominance can spill over into global power politics.
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Zarling, Amie Langer, Rosaura Orengo-Aguayo, and Erika Lawrence. Violent Coercion in Intimate Relationships. Edited by Thomas J. Dishion and James Snyder. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199324552.013.31.
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This chapter defines violent coercion in romantic relationships as comprising threatening or controlling behaviors such as economic abuse and social isolation, dominance and intimidation, belligerence and humiliation, threats of physical violence, physical violence itself, and sexual violence. This type of coercion occurs in a broad range of intimate relationships—dating, cohabiting, engaged and newlywed couples, separated and divorced couples, and second and third marriages. Even mild and infrequent forms of violent coercion have negative consequences for victims, relationships, and children raised in these homes. There are few empirically supported interventions for violent coercion in committed relationships, and those that do exist are limited in their efficacy. This chapter reviews the wide variation in definitions of coercion in committed relationships, assesses the methods used to measure coercion in committed relationships, reviews traditional treatments and evaluates their efficacy, and delineates recent treatment advances and outline directions for future research.
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Ostrov, Jamie M., Sarah J. Blakely-McClure, Kristin J. Perry, and Kimberly E. Kamper-DeMarco. Definitions—The Form and Function of Relational Aggression. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190491826.003.0002.
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This chapter reviews the definitions of relational aggression and other subtypes of aggression that are often studied in the developmental sciences. Specifically, definitions of relational, physical, indirect, social, verbal, nonverbal, proactive, and reactive aggression are provided. The modes, forms, functions, and contexts of aggression are reviewed, with a focus on relational aggression. Attention is given to other related constructs such as assertion, rough and tumble play, and social dominance, which should be considered and ruled out when studying subtypes of aggression. A definition and important considerations for the study of relational bullying are provided, and a brief discussion of the contexts of online or electronic aggression is given. Future directions and unanswered questions are raised.
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Vigdor, Steven E. Signatures of the Artist. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814825.001.0001.
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This book provides a nonmathematical survey of the past half-century of research in particle physics, nuclear physics, and cosmology bearing on the physical conditions that allow our universe to support the development of structure and the origins of life. These conditions rely on a surprising number of tiny imperfections—deviations from perfect symmetry (i.e., symmetry violations), homogeneity, or predictability—that seem mysteriously fine-tuned. The emphasis here is on the intricate tapestry of elegant experiments that have revealed and quantified these imperfections, as well as on theoretical efforts to understand how the imperfections arose in the infant universe. Among the topics covered are: the dominance of matter over antimatter (i.e., matter–antimatter asymmetry); the existence and intermixing of three generations of quarks and leptons; the stability of hydrogen and synthesis of other elements essential for life; the longevity and energy budget of the universe; the remaining mysteries surrounding dark matter, dark energy, and the postulated inflationary expansion of space in the infant universe; the fundamental role of randomness in quantum mechanics, in generating the first biomolecules and in biological evolution; the apparent perching of the vacuum state in our universe on the edge between stability and meta-stability; and philosophical questions, including the possibility of a multiverse, surrounding the interpretation of a universe that exhibits such fine-tuning. On all of these issues, the book clarifies what we know and how we know it, as distinct from what we speculate and how we might test it.
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Snyder, Saskia Coenen. An Urban Semiotics of War. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190912628.003.0004.
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This chapter examines the changing urban topography of Amsterdam under Nazi occupation during World War II, focusing on how the Dutch city’s once recognizable sights and sounds, familiar movements, and rhythms were disrupted by the so-called semiotics of war: signs and symbols of an external military force. It shows how the Nazis altered Amsterdam’s urban texture in which local residents lived, worked, and moved, and how the Nazification of the city’s grammar and semiotic communication reconfigured well-established social practices and reappropriated Dutch space. It argues that the construction of a visual and aural semiotics of war helped define relations between occupier and occupied, between Nazi sympathizers and antagonists, and also between Jews and non-Jews. While Nazi territorial expansion depended on military might and physical dominance, the chapter also explains how ideological coercion found expression in the colonization of the urban landscape and soundscape.
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Kirchman, David L. The physical-chemical environment of microbes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789406.003.0003.
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Many physical-chemical properties affecting microbes are familiar to ecologists examining large organisms in our visible world. This chapter starts by reviewing the basics of these properties, such as the importance of water for microbes in soils and temperature in all environments. Another important property, pH, has direct effects on organisms and indirect effects via how hydrogen ions determine the chemical form of key molecules and compounds in nature. Oxygen content is also critical, as it is essential to the survival of all but a few eukaryotes. Light is used as an energy source by phototrophs, but it can have deleterious effects on microbes. In addition to these familiar factors, the small size of microbes sets limits on their physical world. Microbes are said to live in a “low Reynolds number environment”. When the Reynolds number is smaller than about one, viscous forces dominate over inertial forces. For a macroscopic organism like us, moving in a low Reynolds number environment would seem like swimming in molasses. Microbes in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats live in a low Reynolds number world, one of many similarities between the two environments at the microbial scale. Most notably, even soil microbes live in an aqueous world, albeit a thin film of water on soil particles. But the soil environment is much more heterogeneous than water, with profound consequences for biogeochemical processes and interactions among microbes. The chapter ends with a discussion of how the physical-chemical environment of microbes in biofilms is quite different from that of free-living organisms.
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Nachtomy, Ohad. Leibniz’s View of Living Beings. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190490447.003.0009.
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Leibniz’s theory of organic emboîtement is well known, but seldom analyzed in detail. The model of embodiment Leibniz deploys is not a material one, not the kind of physical emboîtement that we find exemplified in Russian dolls, which are physically encapsulated one within the other, or the view of living things as subtle machines advanced by Descartes. This paper will examine several models of embodiment: physical, logical, expressive/representative, as well as a model of functional organization. I will conclude that the latter captures most adequately the Leibnizian view of a living being as a nested individual and the kind of embodiment it involves. What makes all these nested individuals components of a single individual is that they all follow one dominant program of action which may be seen as composed of many subprograms. But they all serve a single end (telos) that informs the developmental program of an individual.
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Dovidio, John F., Louis A. Penner, Sarah K. Calabrese, and Rebecca L. Pearl. Physical Health Disparities and Stigma: Race, Sexual Orientation, and Body Weight. Edited by Brenda Major, John F. Dovidio, and Bruce G. Link. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190243470.013.2.
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This chapter reviews evidence of stigma and differences in physical health between members of dominant social groups and select disadvantaged social groups (defined by race, sexual orientation, and weight) and considers the direct and indirect ways that stigma can contribute to these differences in health. The goal of this chapter is to provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between stigma and health disparities for members of these groups. It considers how enacted, anticipated, and internalized stigmas influence, to varying degrees, health and health disparities experienced by Blacks, sexual minorities, and people with overweight or obesity. The chapter concludes by suggesting promising future directions for research. The new insights provided by this theoretical understanding can lead to interventions that reduce stigma as well as help members of these (and other) stigmatized groups better cope with the stigma they confront in their lives and thus realize better psychological and physical health.
20
Dennison, Gail E., and Dr Paul E. Dennison. Como aplicar gimnasia para el cerebro: Tecnicas de autoayuda para la escuela y el hogar. Editorial Pax Mexico, 2005.
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21
Dennison, Gail E., and Dr Paul E. Dennison. Aprende mejor con gimnasia para el cerebro. Editorial Pax Mexico, 2005.
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22
Dennison, Paul E., and Gail E. Dennison. Brain Gym: Simple Activities for Whole Brain Learning (Orange) (Orange). Edu-Kinesthetics, Inc., 1992.
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23
Dennison, Paul E., and Gail E. Dennison. Brain Gym (Teachers Edition: Revised). Edu-Kinesthetics, Inc., 1989.
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24
Dennison, Paul E., and Gail E. Dennison. Brain Gym. Aprendizaje de todo el cerebro. Editorial Lectorum, 2007.
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25
Ronin, Marguerite, and Cosima Möller, eds. Instandhaltung und Renovierung von Straßen und Wasserleitungen von der Zeit der römischen Republik bis zur Spätantike. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748900269.
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Roads, bridges, aqueducts and canals are amongst the physical infrastructures that allowed Roman dominance over the Empire, while meeting economic, social and strategic needs. Due to their structural role in the management and control of a territory, they must be examined in view of the “longue durée”, which necessarily raises the issue of their regular maintenance and occasional restoration. By studying the interactions between different political and administrative authorities, but also the involvement of private individuals, be they users or riverside occupants, the papers gathered in this volume highlight the rehabilitation procedures of road and hydraulic facilities, but also the prevention strategies against potentially irreversible damages. To understand the overall legal framework, along with the technical constraints and socio-political modalities of these interventions, a multidisciplinary approach was adopted to foster the dialogue between history, archaeology and Roman law. With contributions by Cosima Möller, Marguerite Ronin: Einleitung/Introduction Johannes Michael Rainer: Die Interdikte zum Schutze von Strassen und Wasserwegen im römischen Recht Christer Bruun: Die Bedeutung der Flüsse für den Verkehr und für die ländliche Wasserversorgung nach den Ansichten der römischen Juristen und Kaiser Ignacio Czeguhn: Kontinuität von Rechtsregelungen über Fragen des Wasserrechts auf der iberischen Halbinsel Charles Davoine: La restauration des infrastructures routières dans l’Occident romain. L’apport des inscriptions Marguerite Ronin: L’entretien des réseaux d’adduction privés et la gestion du risque de pénurie dans l’Empire romain. L’apport des sources juridiques Yasmina Benferhat: Die kurzlebigen Brücken Hélène Dessales, Julie Carlut, Francesca Filocamo: L’entretien d’un aqueduc face aux risques géologiques. Le cas du Serino, Italie Laetitia Borau: Entretien et restauration des aqueducs: quels indices archéologiques? L’exemple de la Gaule romaine Nicolas Lamare: Lacum uetustate conlabsum restituere: restaurations et transformations des fontaines monumentales d’Afrique tardive Michel Tarpin: Territorialisation des corvées et de la fiscalité: le rôle des pagi dans l’entretien et l’utilisation des voies et cours d’eau
26
Tiwari, Sandip. Nanoscale transistors. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759874.003.0002.
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This chapter brings together the physical underpinnings of field-effect transistors operating in their nanoscale limits. It tackles the change in dominant behavior from scattering-limited long-channel transport to mesoscopic and few scattering events limits in quantized channels. It looks at electrostatics and a transistor’s controllability as dimensions are shrunk—the interplay of geometry and control—and then brings out the operational characteristics in “off”-state, e.g., the detailed nature of insulator’s implications or threshold voltage’s statistical variations grounded in short-range and long-range effects, and “on”-state, where quantization, quantized channels, ballistic transport and limited scattering are important. It also explores the physical behavior for zero bandgap and monoatomic layer materials by focusing on real-space and reciprocal-space funneling as one of the important dimensional change consequences through a discussion of parasitic resistances.
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Stuewer, Roger H. The Age of Innocence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827870.001.0001.
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Nuclear physics emerged as the dominant field in experimental and theoretical physics between 1919 and 1939, the two decades between the First and Second World Wars. Milestones were Ernest Rutherford’s discovery of artificial nuclear disintegration (1919), George Gamow’s and Ronald Gurney and Edward Condon’s simultaneous quantum-mechanical theory of alpha decay (1928), Harold Urey’s discovery of deuterium (the deuteron), James Chadwick’s discovery of the neutron, Carl Anderson’s discovery of the positron, John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton’s invention of their eponymous linear accelerator, and Ernest Lawrence’s invention of the cyclotron (1931–2), Frédéric and Irène Joliot-Curie’s discovery and confirmation of artificial radioactivity (1934), Enrico Fermi’s theory of beta decay based on Wolfgang Pauli’s neutrino hypothesis and Fermi’s discovery of the efficacy of slow neutrons in nuclear reactions (1934), Niels Bohr’s theory of the compound nucleus and Gregory Breit and Eugene Wigner’s theory of nucleus+neutron resonances (1936), and Lise Meitner and Otto Robert Frisch’s interpretation of nuclear fission, based on Gamow’s liquid-drop model of the nucleus (1938), which Frisch confirmed experimentally (1939). These achievements reflected the idiosyncratic personalities of the physicists who made them; they were shaped by the physical and intellectual environments of the countries and institutions in which they worked; and they were buffeted by the profound social and political upheavals after the Great War: the punitive postwar treaties, the runaway inflation in Germany and Austria, the Great Depression, and the greatest intellectual migration in history, which encompassed some of the most gifted experimental and theoretical nuclear physicists in the world.
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Epstein, Richard A. The Basic Structure of Intellectual Property Law. Edited by Rochelle Dreyfuss and Justine Pila. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198758457.013.7.
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This chapter puts forward a comprehensive framework for evaluating property regimes for both physical and intellectual property resources. It starts with an account of the trade-off between common and private property regimes, noting that the former is appropriate, as a first approximation for resources that facilitate communication and transportation, where holdout problems dominate externality constraints. But where high levels of investment are needed, and coordination problems are low, private property, as bounded by laws of trespass, nuisance and infringement now tend to dominate. There are no rules of acquisition for an open-access regime. But for private property in all its forms, the common and civil law rules of occupation avoid virtually all the complications that stem from Locke’s erroneous labor theory of acquisition. The chapter then explores the rules governing duration, exclusion, remedies, and alienation in multiple private property interests, including the major forms of intellectual property.
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Peres, Tanya M. The exploitation of aquatic environments by the Olmec and Epi-Olmec. Edited by Umberto Albarella, Mauro Rizzetto, Hannah Russ, Kim Vickers, and Sarah Viner-Daniels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.41.
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Hydrographic features dominate the Olmec heartland. Fishing, travel, transport, and trade via watercraft were essential parts of daily life. This chapter synthesizes archaeofaunal, iconographic, and biological data about human–animal relationships during the Formative period in the Gulf Coastal lowlands of Veracruz, Mexico. Aquatic environments were reliable sources of physical sustenance for the Olmec and Epi-Olmec, and fresh-water fish, turtles, and local and migratory water birds made up the daily diet. Animals found in marine environments were elevated to a sacred status and venerated in iconography, and jade and ceramic effigies and pendants became important parts of spiritual sustenance.
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Leftow, Brian. Anselm on Necessity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806035.003.0001.
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This article provides an explanation of Anselm’s understanding of necessity. Anselm did not write much about modality, and what he did write is puzzling. The dominant readings of Anselm see him as having two concepts of necessity, one merely physical or causal, the other logical or “alethic.” This article argues that Anselm has just one concept of necessity, which corresponds best to what is now called broadly logical or absolute necessity, but whose metaphysics is in terms of powers and lacks of power. The rival interpretations of A. D. Smith, Thomas Williams, and Sandra Visser are discussed and criticized in detail.
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Wilson, Mark. Pragmatics’ Place at the Table. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803478.003.0001.
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Physical events that transpire across many size scales require significant data compression for their successful handling. A popular remedy practiced within modern multiscalar methods breaks a descriptive task into sub-problems focused upon dominant behaviors that arise on different length scales. Each localized form of description employs the same language in different ways. This contextualization requires that these localized veins of description share data with one another in non-standard ways. We employ allied techniques in everyday life as well and philosophical confusions arise when the underlying strategic architecture is not properly recognized. Nine general morals concerning language usage are abstracted from this examination.
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Sunardi, Christina. Negotiating Pressures in Terms of Gender. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038952.003.0003.
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This chapter explores some of the ways in which male dancers who performed female style dance (or had performed female style dance prior to the author's fieldwork) have been pushing at dominant conceptual and physical boundaries of gender and sex by expressing, embodying, and representing male femininity in diverse ways on- and offstage. It argues that male dancers, in so doing, have been contributing to the ongoing cultural production of tradition and maintaining cultural space for males to access and make visible the magnetic power of femaleness. The ways male dancers negotiated boundaries of gender are shown through the ways they talk about various cultural pressures, indicating ways they contend with official discourses of gender.
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Rosenberg, Michael. Struck by Wood, Struck by God. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190845896.003.0006.
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Two second-century works—one Christian, one Rabbinic—reflect anxiety about strictly anatomical definitions of virginity. The Protevangelium of James, even as it extols Mary’s physical virginity, casts doubt on medical standards of virginity by appealing to faith-based standards of virginity testing. One sees a similar pattern emerge in the the Rabbinic Mishnah, which introduces a dissenting view at a critical juncture to disrupt the dominant paradigm. Late antique Syriac poetry builds on the nascent anxiety of the Protevangelium in verses that closely resemble the themes and the stories of the Protevangelium of James. Especially noteworthy in its influence is the continued importance of in partu virginity in the texts of late antique Syriac Christianity.
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Sullivan, Mark D. Escaping the Autonomy Versus Objectivity Trap by Repersonalizing the Clinical Problem. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780195386585.003.0004.
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Respect for patient autonomy has been sought as the antidote to the depersonalization that ails modern medicine. It serves as a challenge to the dominance of impersonal disease diagnosis in treatment choice. We now repersonalize treatment at a late stage through the informed consent process. If we are to find another way to repersonalize health care, we need to understand the historical roots of the patient autonomy versus objective disease dynamic in which we are trapped. The same disengaged self that sees ethics in terms of autonomy also sees disease as an observable tissue lesion within the body at autopsy. Clinico-pathological correlation offers a gold standard for clinical diagnosis and a completely objective access to disease. This ability to diagnose objective disease is the source of physician paternalism. It can be countered by incorporating the patient’s view of the clinical problem back into the diagnostic process.
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Wilkinson, Philip. Cognitive behaviour therapy. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199644957.003.0017.
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Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a dominant psychological treatment in the management of a range of psychiatric disorders and is increasingly being refined to suit the needs older adults. This chapter summarises the theory and practice of CBT, with an emphasis on assessment, formulation, and adaptation of treatment with older patients. Management of depressive disorder, anxiety disorders and dementia caregiver distress are described in detail with relevant case examples. Problem-solving therapy and behavioural activation are described. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has potential benefits in the treatment of older adults. MBCT is described and applications with older people are reviewed. Newer applications are outlined, including treatment of psychological symptoms associated with physical illness, psychosis and memory impairment. The evidence base for CBT-based interventions with older adults is limited; the limitations and extent of the current evidence are reviewed.
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James, Philip. The built environment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827238.003.0002.
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Buildings are the dominant feature of urban environments and they are arranged in diverse patterns. Interwoven within and between buildings are a series of infrastructures which deliver materials and energy and remove the products of industrial processes and waste produced as a result of human activities. Urban form, the physical arrangement of elements within urban environments, is a determinant of the liveability of a city. Individual buildings are constructed to a range of designs. These are discussed along with a consideration of the position of private (domestic gardens) and public greenspace (for example, parks) within the wider urban form. Links between urban form and socio-economic status are discussed. Where there is greater wealth, there is a stronger focus on the quality of life and an association with higher levels of vegetation within the urban form.
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Whitehead, Anna Martine. Expressing Life Through Loss. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199377329.003.0018.
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This chapter examines the relationship between blackness, queer vulnerability, and the mechanics of movement and dance. It uses anecdotes to make an argument for downward movement and concaveness as movement techniques, responses to the physical threats intrinsic to black ontology. It examines the relationship between those movements and shapes in the black body to an emergent style of performance called “queer dance.” This relationship might be identified as a type of “freak technique”—and always already othered practice. The chapter also considers a more familiar relationship to gravity in terms of making interventions into dominant narrative arcs in dance as well as capitalist America. It argues that these interventions are made complete by their pairing with recovery—it is not only the get-down that steals movement away into blackness and potential queerness, but its coupling with the get-back-up.
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Barclay, John M. G. The Letters of Paul and the Construction of Early Christian Networks. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804208.003.0012.
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The chapter argues that, contrary to what might be expected, in Paul’s network of early Christian communities, letters were subsidiary to non-literary, and thus non-epistolary, forms of face-to-face communication during meetings, by messengers, and through conversation and gossip. As Barclay shows in a close reading of 2 Cor 8:16–24, there was a lot going on orally before, behind, and in the wake of Paul’s letter(s) to the Corinthians. Nevertheless, Paul’s letters had a threefold managerial import: they managed perceptions as well as reputations, and they fulfilled a controlling function in that they affirmed his authority over his churches. Barclay claims that practice and physical presence were ultimately deemed superior to words and letters, and that Paul’s letters acquired the dominant role that we assign to them only in the subsequent rereading by different Christian communities.
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Dürsteler, Max R., and Erika N. Lorincz. Stereo Rotation Standstill and Related Illusions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0106.
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When we fixate the center of a rotating three-dimensional structure, such as a physically rotating wheel made out of sectors, which stereo cues are encoded with a static random-dot “texture,” a rather striking global motion illusion occurs: the rotating three-dimensional wheel appears as standing still (stereo rotation standstill). Even when using a dynamic (flickering) random-dot texture, it is still impossible to gain a percept of smooth rotation. However, local motion can still be clearly perceived. When the random-dot texture “overlaying” the wheel is also rotating, the concealed wheel is perceived as rotating at the same velocity as the texture, regardless of its velocity (stereo rotation capture). Stereo complex motion standstill and capture is shown to occur for other categories of complex motions such as expanding, contracting, and spiraling motions thus providing evidence for a dominance of luminance inputs over stereo inputs for complex motion detectors in our visual system.
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Cook, Nicholas. Seeing Sound, Hearing the Body. Edited by Yael Kaduri. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199841547.013.7.
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This chapter argues that visual and embodied dimensions of performance are integral to the experience of live music. The author describes this as the “old multimedia,” since the principles of intermedial alignment and meaning production in performance are in essence the same as in the “new multimedia” that forms the dominant mode of music consumption in the twenty-first century. The chapter largely consists of an extended case study based on two filmed performances by Glenn Gould of the first movement of Anton Webern’sPiano Variations, Op. 27. It addresses the role in Gould’s interpretations of hand lifts, body sway, and other physical gestures; the way in which his interpretation changed over time, as evidenced not only by these filmed performances but also by his audio recordings; the differences between interpretations designed for film and for sound recording; and what all this implies about the relationship between composer and performer.
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Rabin, Gabriel Oak. Grounding Orthodoxy and the Layered Conception. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755630.003.0002.
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Ground offers the hope of vindicating and illuminating a classic philosophical idea: the layered conception, according to which reality is structured by relations of dependence, with physical phenomena on the bottom, and upon which chemical, then biological, and finally psychological and other phenomena reside. However, ground can only make good on this promise if it is appropriately formally behaved. The paradigm of good formal behavior can be found in the currently dominant grounding orthodoxy, which holds that ground is transitive, anti-symmetric, irreflexive, and foundational. However, heretics have recently challenged the orthodoxy. This paper examines ground’s ability to vindicate the layered conception upon various relaxations of the orthodox assumptions. It is argued that highly unorthodox views of ground can still vindicate the layered conception and that, in some ways, the heretical views enable ground to better serve as a guide to reality’s layering than do orthodox views of ground.
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Oates, Thomas P. “This Game Has Got to be About More than Winning”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040948.003.0003.
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This chapter explores the anxious, deeply conflicted sense of besiegement characterizing dominant accounts of gender and race relations, as expressed in melodramas set around the NFL produced for television and cinema. The depictions of football’s male-defined spaces highlighted here are often fraught with anxiety and a sense of vulnerability. Real and imagined influences issue challenges to male power, and internal forces continually threaten to break it apart. In these narratives, male collectives are set in opposition to feminine forces, which threaten them (and their individual members) with emasculation. Though football is often celebrated as a symbol of the supposed transcendence of the racial past, narratives of the game are infused with profound ambivalence about black masculinity. The black athlete, celebrated for his impressive and admirable physical gifts, frequently challenges the cohesion of the group. Displays of “excessive” individualism and the homoerotic appeal of black bodies further complicate this racial ambivalence.
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Stratigakos, Despina, Andrew Wallace-Hadrill, Katherine L. French, Amanda Flather, Clive Edwards, Jane Hamlett, Despina Stratigakos, and Joanne Berry, eds. A Cultural History of the Home in the Modern Age. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781474207188.
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In the last century, our understandings of home have changed profoundly in the wake of revolutionary new technologies and communications, medical advances, global wars and migration, celebrity and consumer cultures, liberation movements, and redefinitions of marriage and family. The rapidity of social transformation in this era has evoked feelings of possibility in the disruption of norms, but also of unease in the dissolution of traditions. These changes have also challenged dominant ideologies of private and public spheres and revealed the porous boundaries between home and the world beyond. The essays in this volume explore the home’s centrality in debates since the end of the First World War about our identities, resources, hopes, and anxieties as individuals and communities. In their analyses of the complexity and elusiveness of meanings of home, the physical materiality of the home – its objects, spaces, and layout – comes under close scrutiny.
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Jin Kim, Hyun. Justin Martyr and Tatian. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190278359.003.0005.
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This chapter explores the mid-second century AD Christian reactions to Roman persecution and Greek cultural chauvinism. Early Christians were exposed to two different types of pressure: first, the Roman state brutally oppressed their faith and subjected them to physical violence of which Justin Martyr, the earliest Christian apologetic writer, was a victim. Second, dominant Greek culture of the Mediterranean dismissed Christian beliefs as crude, “barbarian” superstition, indulging in cultural imperialism toward the nascent religion. Christian reaction to these pressures was to adopt the barbarians’ position, i.e. of non-Greeks, and to identify themselves with a cultural tradition they claimed was superior and more ancient than the Greeks’: that of the Hebrews. Early Christian apologetic writers such as Justin and Tatian challenged the orthodoxy and anteriority of Greek culture and began the process of Christianizing the Roman intellectual elite, which would culminate in the Christianization of the Roman empire itself in the fourth century.
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Woodward, James. Laws. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198746775.003.0009.
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This chapter defends an invariance-based account of laws of nature. In constructing a physical theory one looks for a cut or contrast between laws and initial conditions such that (i) the laws are generalizations that are stable or invariant across variations in initial conditions and (ii) as much order or structure as possible is represented in the laws, while any remaining disorder is relegated to the initial conditions. This picture corresponds to an ideal of explanation in which laws are freely combinable with different initial conditions to answer a range of what the author has elsewhere called a range of what-if things-had-been-different questions. Laws are understood in terms of a conception of explanation which cannot be captured just in terms of simplicity and strength trade-offs imposed on a supposed Humean mosaic. The resulting account of laws is non-reductive and the associated epistemology very different from the dominant Mill-Ramsey-Lewis account.
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Wetzel, Ronald, and Rakesh Mishra. Structural Biology. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199929146.003.0012.
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The 3,144–amino acid huntingtin protein (HTT) folds in water into a structure consisting of compact, organized domains interspersed with intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) elements. The IDPs function as sites of post-translational modifications and proteolysis as well as in targeting, binding, and aggregation. Although the dominant structural motif of HTT is the α-helix–rich HEAT repeat, the expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) toxicity responsible for Huntington’s disease is most likely played out within intrinsically disordered HTT exon 1–like fragments consisting of the 16– to 17–amino acid N-terminal HTTNT segment, the polyQ segment, and a proline-rich segment. The physical behavior of HTT exon 1 fragments is dominated by interactive, polyQ repeat length–dependent structural transitions responsible for membrane and protein–protein interactions and the formation of tetramers, higher oligomers, amyloid fibrils, and inclusions. Understanding the basis of this solution behavior may be the key to disease mechanisms and molecular therapeutic strategies.
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Haigh, Michael S. Fundamentals and Commodity Prices. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190656010.003.0006.
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Commodity markets occasionally co-move with the broader macro markets for reasons beyond their own fundamentally driven physical characteristics. This chapter focuses on two related avenues to look beyond the fundamentals of counting barrels, tonnes, bushels, or molecules. The first section uses a principal component analysis to disentangle how fundamentals versus non-fundamentals drive commodity prices and focuses on the crude oil market. The results are intuitive and allow isolating the extent to which supply and demand matter to price changes experienced in the market. Furthermore, the results enable understanding whether the diversification benefits of commodity markets exist in almost real time. Second, given the ability to segment fundamentally driven commodities from others, the chapter focuses on how much supply or demand factors attribute to the fundamental variation in prices. The analysis reveals that, in the oil market, supply concerns drive prices during geopolitical tensions, while demand concerns dominate during economic crises.
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Corrigan, Lisa M. Black Feelings. University Press of Mississippi, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496827944.001.0001.
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In Black Feelings, Corrigan traces the surging optimism of the Kennedy administration through the Black Power era’s dynamic and powerful circulation of black pessimism to understand how black feelings were a terrain of political struggle for black meaning, representation, and agency as black activists navigated the physical violence and psychological strain of movement disappointment, particularly with liberals (both black and white). Black Feelings demonstrates how racial feelings emerged, ebbed, flowed, disappeared, and re-emerged as the Long Sixties unfolded and finally ended. Black Feelings investigates how politicians, activists, and artists articulated the relationship between feeling black and black feelings to chart the affective energies that animated and troubled liberalism’s tropes of progress, equality, exceptionalism, perfection, and colorblindness. Black Feelings pays special attention to hope, hopelessness, impatience, brotherhood, rage, shame, resentment, disgust, contempt, betrayal, and melancholy and metaphors like the “powederkeg” that helped propel the affective racial landscape in the Long Sixties. Consequently, Black Feelings maps how black intellectuals described, animated, located, solicited, and projected feelings that shaped their political affiliations and their rhetorical strategies in opposition to dominant constructions of white feelings.
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Zangwill, Andrew. A Mind Over Matter. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198869108.001.0001.
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Philip W. Anderson (1923–2020) is widely regarded as one of the most accomplished and influential physicists of the second half of the twentieth century. Educated at Harvard, he served during World War II as a radar engineer, and began a thirty-five year career at Bell Laboratories in 1949. He was soon recognized as one of the pre-eminent theoretical physicists in the world, specializing in understanding the collective behavior of the vast number of atoms and electrons in a sample of solid matter. He won a one-third share of the 1977 Nobel Prize for Physics for his discovery of a phenomenon common to all waves in disordered matter called Anderson localization and the development of the Anderson impurity model to study magnetism. At Cambridge and Princeton Universities, Anderson led the way in transforming solid-state physics into the deep, subtle, and coherent discipline known today as condensed matter physics. He developed the concepts of broken symmetry and emergence and championed the concept of complexity as an organizing principle to attack difficult problems inside and outside physics. In 1971, Anderson was the first scientist to challenge the claim of high-energy particle physicists that their work was the most deserving of federal funding. Later, he testified before Congress opposing the Superconducting Super Collider particle accelerator. Anderson was a dominant figure in his field for almost fifty years. At an age when most scientists think about retirement, he made a brilliant contribution to many-electron theory and applied it to a novel class of high-temperature superconductors.
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Tiwari, Sandip. Nanoscale Device Physics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759874.001.0001.
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Nanoscale devices are distinguishable from the larger microscale devices in their specific dependence on physical phenomena and effects that are central to their operation. The size change manifests itself through changes in importance of the phenomena and effects that become dominant and the changes in scale of underlying energetics and response. Examples of these include classical effects such as single electron effects, quantum effects such as the states accessible as well as their properties; ensemble effects ranging from consequences of the laws of numbers to changes in properties arising from different magnitudes of the inter-actions, and others. These interactions, with the limits placed on size, make not just electronic, but also magnetic, optical and mechanical behavior interesting, important and useful. Connecting these properties to the behavior of devices is the focus of this textbook. Description of the book series: This collection of four textbooks in the Electroscience series span the undergraduate-to-graduate education in electrosciences for engineering and science students. It culminates in a comprehensive under-standing of nanoscale devices—electronic, magnetic, mechanical and optical in the 4th volume, and builds to it through volumes devoted to underlying semiconductor and solid-state physics with an emphasis on phenomena at surfaces and interfaces, energy interaction, and fluctuations; a volume devoted to the understanding of the variety of devices through classical microelectronic approach, and an engineering-focused understanding of principles of quantum, statistical and information mechanics. The goal is provide, with rigor and comprehensiveness, an exposure to the breadth of knowledge and interconnections therein in this subject area that derives equally from sciences and engineering. By completing this through four integrated texts, it circumvents what is taught ad hoc and incompletely in a larger number of courses, or not taught at all. A four course set makes it possible for the teaching curriculum to be more comprehensive in this and related advancing areas of technology. It ends at a very modern point, where researchers in the subject area would also find the discussion and details an important reference source.