Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Physical and mental health benefits'
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Glasgow, Trevin Earl. "A Longitudinal Investigation of the Mental Health Benefits of Physical Activity Among Graduate Students." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97399.
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Recent evidence showing graduate students to be at an elevated risk of developing mental health problems has attracted the attention of both researchers and non-researchers (Evans, Bira, Gastelum, Weiss, and Vanderford, 2018; Flatherty, 2018). This increased risk could be attributed to the stressors graduate students routinely experience. However, few studies have examined the negative effects of work stressors among graduate students and ways to protect graduate students from the negative impact of stressors. This research explored the association between work stressors and the mental health of graduate students, while considering the potential protective role of physical activity. Also studied was the potential predictors of physical activity, such as social support for physical activity. Graduate students completed three surveys over a semester. Multilevel structural equation modeling was used to analyze within- and between-person variation. Increased levels of work stressors were associated with increased levels of mental health problems. Physical activity was not associated with improved mental health at both levels of analysis. However, higher levels of physical activity protected graduate students from the negative effects of role conflict and role ambiguity, but not work overload. Social support for physical activity and a mindset that stress is enhancing were both associated with increased physical activity. This is one of the first studies to not only consider the negative effects of work stressors on graduate students' mental health, but also the protective benefits of physical activity.Doctor of Philosophy
Graduate school is a stressful time for many individuals. Graduate students are expected to do well in their classes while juggling other responsibilities, such as teaching, conducting research and/or working full-time to pay for school and living expenses. Although not everyone would consider graduate students to be full-time employees, it is not uncommon for graduate students to have long workdays and weekends that include completing work. Even if a graduate student does not clock into work every day, most are probably working more than the typical hourly employee. Not surprisingly, research has shown that graduate students are at increased risk of developing mental health problems when compared to the general population (Evans, Bira, Gastelum, Weiss, and Vanderford, 2018). These findings have even caught the attention of the national media, with some calling the mental health problem a crisis (Flatherty, 2018). Work stressors (i.e., parts of a person's job that lead to feelings of distress) may influence graduate students' mental health. However, few studies have examined the negative effects of work stressors among graduate students and factors that could protect graduate students from these negative effects. This study assessed the benefits of physical activity among graduate students, given the plethora of studies showing the positive benefits of physical activity. It is possible physical activity can reduce the negative effects of the work stressors experienced by graduate students, such as being overworked with teaching responsibilities or having to conduct multiple research studies at the same time. This study explored factors that might influence graduate students to be more physically active, such as social support for physical activity. Graduate students completed three surveys over a semester. Increased levels of work stressors were associated with increased levels of mental health problems. Graduate students who exercised more were "protected" from the negative effects of work stressors. In other words, even if graduate students were exposed to high levels of work stressors, they did not experience elevated mental health problems if they regularly exercised. Additionally, being around friends who promoted physical activity and having a mindset that stress is not bad but rather enhancing helped graduate students engage in more physical activity. Overall, the findings indicated that graduate students experience increased mental health problems due to negative work stressors, but by exercising they could reduce the negative effect of these work stressors.
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Tracy, McClinton Appollis. "The benefits and harms of surveying adolescents about intimate partner violence and verbal, physical and sexual abuse by Tracy McClinton Appollis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2794.
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Saffer, Jessica. "Responses of people with physical health conditions to changes in disability benefits : a grounded theory study." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/19513.
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There is a dearth of literature on the experiences of people with physical health conditions who make disability benefit claims and live as a benefit claimant, particularly since the recent and ongoing changes to the benefits system in the UK. This research aimed to explore the social processes that impact on people with a physical health condition who have experienced a loss of or change in disability benefits, particularly in relation to their identity and their relationships with society. In-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen people with physical health conditions or disabilities. Data was analysed using Grounded Theory methods and a theoretical model was co-constructed. Participants experienced the benefits system as dehumanising, and felt that they lived in a judgemental society, where they were perceived as 'scroungers' and faced discrimination from others. These experiences negatively affected their mental and physical health and wellbeing. Participants often internalised the stigma surrounding disability benefit claimants and they attempted to resist this in order to maintain a preferred sense of self. The findings demonstrate the significant impact of benefit changes on wellbeing and identity. The research highlights important implications for Psychologists, as well as staff in healthcare, the benefits system, and government.
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Thompson, Anne. "The Benefits of Animal-Assisted Interventions: Perceptions of Social Workers Working with Veterans." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/901.
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Evidence-based practices utilized by social workers working with veterans experiencing physical (e.g., spinal cord injuries and loss of limbs) and/or mental health (e.g., posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, substance use) issues are widely used with this vulnerable population. The number of social workers integrating animal-assisted interventions (AAI) or animal-assisted therapy (AAT) as a complementary intervention to these practices is extremely limited. A significant amount of research has been published on AAI and AAT, yet there is a gap in research regarding AAI and AAT as effective complementary approaches when working with veterans.
The qualitative method utilized in this study was interviews in which MSWs and LCSWs were asked to share personal experiences while employed at veteran-supported agencies and/or non-profit organizations. The qualitative method of interviews and content analysis were used to help identify the themes and sub-themes of this study. The themes and sub-themes supported the phrases and statements drawn from the seven interviews conducted for this study. Findings supported in this study addressed the value of the human-animal bond, how integrating AAI and AAT with evidence-based practices can assist the veteran in improving quality of life (e.g., a decrease in social isolation, increase in social activity, decrease in substance use), and how important it is to recognize the need to provide the education in this field to social workers. Findings from this study can help to provide the foundation for future research, can underscore the value of offering and integrating AAI and AAT education into more MSW programs, and can contribute to establishing policy where those who can benefit by AAI and AAT are given access to it.
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Bell, Edith M. "Physical activity and mental health." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10195658.
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The study investigated the relationship of physical activity (domain, frequency, amount, and intensity) on mental health (depression, stress, and anxiety) in the general population. Two hundred and fifty-three individuals eighteen or older completed either an online or paper survey for the study. Pearson Correlation, T-tests, and multiple regression were used in the data analysis. Results indicated vigorous activity correlated negatively with stress (r = -.16 p < .01) and anxiety, ( r = -.15 p < .01). Amount of activity correlated negatively with anxiety, r = -.15 p < .05. Leisure time activity, frequency of activity, and amount of activity were significant predictors of stress among females, R2 = .07, p < .05 and anxiety among males, R2 = .09, p < .05 (vigorous for men and moderate for female). Males were found to participate in significantly more vigorous leisure activity than females, t = 2.50, p < .01. Given the limited research on factors of physical activity, results of the study offer useful information for future research into the complexities of physical activity and its effects on mental health.
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Aschan, Lisa. "Health inequalities and mental health service use in mental-physical comorbidity." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/health-inequalities-and-mental-health-service-use-in-mentalphysical-comorbidity(6f2c678e-1d94-40c0-9622-333539e46c4b).html.
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Although mental and physical health are likely to share common social causes, most mental-physical comorbidity research has focused on immediate mechanisms between mental and physical illness. This thesis takes a social epidemiological approach to mental-physical comorbidity, where social disadvantage and the disproportionate availability of resources are central. The amplified burden of comorbidity in terms of poor health and functioning may have implications for the relationship between comorbidity and mental health service use (MHSU). Whilst much research examines the impact of comorbidity on physical health services, MHSU is under-researched. Furthermore, comorbidity inequalities may be perpetuated through processes of cumulative disadvantage. For example, barriers to social participation may deplete resources over time, thus leading to worse health outcomes and more adverse social circumstances. This project therefore aims to: 1. Estimate the prevalence of comorbidity, and describe inequalities in mental-physical comorbidity by key socio-demographic and socioeconomic factors 2. Describe and explain the association between comorbidity and mental health service utilisation and quality 3. Describe the trajectories of social functioning by comorbidity Analyses make use of survey data from the South East London Community Health Survey (SELCoH) phases 1 (N=1698) and 2 (N=1052) (73% response among those approached at follow-up). Statistical methods used include weighted cross-sectional and longitudinal regression analyses. The results indicate that comorbidity is associated with distinct socio-economic inequalities (most consistently by household income), increased MHSU over time, and persistent social exclusion. This suggests that comorbidity reflects a process of cumulative disadvantage, which has important implications for comorbidity and health inequality research, and local services and policy makers. Altering the downward spiralling trajectories of health and social disadvantage among those with mental-physical comorbidity may be addressed through integrated care models, while interventions aimed at reducing social inequalities may effectively 3 prevent comorbidity and interrupt its downward spiralling course of disadvantage.
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Pollock, Elizabeth Davenport. "The relationship between mental health, physical health, physical appearance and marital dissatisfaction." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3923.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Dept of Family Studies. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Carless, David. "Mental health and physical activity in recovery." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/261d3734-2195-480d-aef8-64dde3fed29e.
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Metz, Cara L. "The effects of mental health and physical health on job satisfaction in the mental health field." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337715058.
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Rosette, Joyce Flannigan 1953. "Clients' perceptions of the benefits of the Psychiatric Wellness Clinic." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291337.
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A descriptive qualitative research method was used in this study. In this study, five women were asked to describe their perceptions of how effective the Psychiatric Wellness Clinic interventions were in controlling their depression symptoms. With the decreased availability of state funding, the standard form of treatment was no longer available. This Psychiatric Wellness Clinic concept was developed as a mechanism to provide this patient population with skills that would empower them to take care of themselves and decreased dependency on the system. This researcher wanted to see if the clients felt that the program had make them feel less depressed. If so, it would be inferred that the clients were participating in controlling their own mental health well being. The findings in this study indicate that clients do perceive the Psychiatric Wellness Clinic as effective in decreasing depression symptoms.
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Génier, Tanya Sylvie. "Experiences of Adolescents Receiving Mental Health Services: A Study of the Benefits, Limitations and Recommendations." Thesis, Laurentian University of Sudbury, 2013. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2062.
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This study focused on youths’ experience of receiving school-based mental health services and community-based mental health services. This qualitative study utilized a sample of eight girls and boys, ages 15-17 years old, who attended school within the district of Timmins. Data was collected using individual interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results of the study revealed benefits to services, limitations to services, and some recommendations for changes to services. This research helped to explain what the participants, who have had experiences with mental health services, thought about the services they have had; it also provided some recommendations the participants made for changes to the mental health services based on their experiences. The conclusion of this study involved a connection between this study and social work practice, and offered suggestions for future research in the field of children’s mental health services.
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Neech, Sophie. "User involvement in adult mental health settings : user motivations and benefits." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2015. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2248/.
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User involvement within healthcare settings has been increasingly prevalent in recent years, where individuals accessing services contribute to their development and delivery. This thesis describes the process of exploring user involvement in adult mental health settings. A review of the literature highlighted that despite government calls for additional emphasis on user involvement to improve services, a number of barriers stop meaningful involvement from being enacted. To avoid tokenism in user involvement practices, power differentials need addressing, and users need to see tangible change as a result of their involvement activities. There has been limited research into users’ motivations for taking on an involvement role within an organisation, yet this is key to understanding criteria for successful involvement. To explore the role of user representatives, including motivations and personal gains, a study informed by action research was developed in collaboration with users of mental health services. Semi-structured interviews with thirteen user representatives were analysed using constructivist grounded theory techniques. The resultant themes highlighted initial motivating factors for user representatives including wanting to give back to services, and making a difference for future users. Experiences of involvement depended on wellness and whether user representatives felt valued. The theme of transition captured shifts in identity, yet staff ultimately governed user involvement activities. Clinical implications are discussed in light of findings, with particular emphasis on the clinical psychology profession. However, development of infrastructure and teams to address specific areas of service development should include staff, user representatives, and users from all levels of an organisation. Further research is suggested to examine the links between user involvement and wellbeing, and dynamics between staff and user representatives to address power relations.
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Bless, Stephanie Marcia. "Physical Activity in Nature and Children's Mental Health." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/506.
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The aim of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between children's physical activity and wellbeing, and if that relationship is enhanced by physical activity in nature. This study was a non-experimental retrospective multi-informant data review conducted at an outpatient pediatric psychiatric clinic in the Northeast. The theoretical framework used to guide this study was the Health Promotion Model, suggesting Advanced Practice Nursing investigate the relationship between health promoting behaviors and personal factors that support mental wellness in children and protect against mental illness. Data collected included age, sex, and exercise and wellbeing subsections of the Vermont Child Health and Behavior Questionnaire (VHBQ): Parent Reports and Self-reports for 11-21 year olds. Data from three sample groups were analyzed: parent participants (n=178, 61% male, 38% female), child participants (n=78, 51% male, 49% female), and parent-child pairs with sex determined by child (n-25, 60% male, 40% female). Physical activity was calculated using a metric for participation in sports.
Two sample t tests were used to analyze children's response to the question "do you participate in sports regularly?" in relation to wellbeing scores. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to investigate correlations between 1) parent reports of their children's physical activity and wellbeing, 2) children's self-reports of physical activity and wellbeing, 3) parent reports of their children's physical and children's self-reports of physical activity, and 4) parent reports of their children's wellbeing and children's self-reports of wellbeing.
Statistically significant results included positive correlations between parent reports of their children's physical activity and wellbeing item, "his/her living conditions are excellent" (r=.34, p=<0.001 for overall, r=.25, p=.002 for indoor, and r=.28, p=<0.001 for outdoor). Positive weak correlations were found between parent reports of their children's physical activity and scores on the VHBQ 10-point Worst Life/Best Life bar (r=.19, p=0.02 for overall and r=.17, p=.04 outdoor). Additionally, results showed significant strong positive correlations for all physical activities between parent reports of children's participation and children's self-report of participation (r=0.83, p=<0.001 for overall, r=0.85, p=<0.001 for indoor, and r=.67, p=0.02 for outdoor). However, only a single wellbeing item, "Compared with...most peer, [child] is less happy than they are", demonstrated statistically significant positive correlation (r=.48, p=0.03) when parent reports and self-reports of wellbeing were compared.
These results underscore the need for further research. Among professions, Advanced Practice Nurses may be best equipped to fully understand the lifestyle factors that promote children's mental health. Moreover, because of their background, training and employment settings, Advanced Practice Nurses could play an important role not only in initiating well-being research studies, but also in using the resultant information to develop educational resources and policy.
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Kain, Lorie L. "Physical activity levels and perceived benefits and barriers to physical activity among honors students." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1061876.
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The problem_ of the study was to compare honors college students with non-honors students on physical activity levels, perceived benefits of physical activity, and perceived barriers to physical activity. Two measures were selected to test the hypotheses and were combined into one questionnaire. A purposive sample of 500 students from Honors College classes and Health Science classes were given the questionnaire to complete during class. Multiple Analysis of variance (MANOVA), univariate f-tests following significant MANOVA's, and a t-test analysis were used to test the hypotheses.Results of this study indicated that honors students and non-honors students perform similar amounts of physical activity. Time is a more important perceived barrier to physical activity for honors students than for non-honors students. No significant differences exist for honors students and non-honors students regarding perceived benefits. It is suggested that additional research involving physical activity and time factors be conducted on college students enrolled in both honors programs and non-honors programs.Department of Physiology and Health Science
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Samaha, Christopher Jude. "Relationship Between Leisure Sport and Exercise Participation and Psychological Benefits for Horsemen." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2008. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/15824.
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KinesiologyPh.D.
This study was a description of horsemen's perceived psychological benefits and liabilities derived from leisure sport and exercise participation. The horsemen that participated in this study were active trainers or grooms who stabled their horses at a training center. Sixty-six horsemen completed the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale: 2, Stress Profile, and this researcher's inventory of horsemen's activities entitled Samaha Horsemen's Activities Questionnaire (SHAQ). Seven horsemen were interviewed to obtain qualitative data. Two of the seven horsemen were omitted from the analysis due to no or limited responses to the questions. Quantitative data results revealed that leisure participation in exercise activities positively correlated with greater well-being, physical self concept, and total self concept scores. There was a statistically significant negative relationship between time devoted to participation in exercise and stress scores. The horsemen that participated in this study work in professional harness racing. An allowable and acceptable leisure activity is gambling. However, results indicated that there were statistically significant negative relationships between time spent gambling and physical self concept, well-being, and exercise and sport participation. Horsemen who were above the median on participation in sport and exercise had significantly higher physical self concept and well being scores than those who were below the median. The results indicate that participation in a variety of exercise and sports as well as time devoted to leisure physical activity had the strongest relationship with improved well-being. Analysis of the transcribed interviews revealed two major themes (limitations and perceived outcomes) and three subthemes within limitations (time, injury, and competitiveness) and perceived outcomes (socialization, physical, and psychological well-being) that described horsemen's participation in leisure sport and exercise. A central conflict emerged within horsemen's reluctance to become assertive in addressing their limitations. Horsemen viewed limitations in participation in sport and exercise as time, injury, and competitiveness. Those who participate in leisure sport and exercise were assertive in addressing their own limitations. The perceived outcomes were physical, socialization, and psychological benefits. Participants expressed that leisure sport and exercise provided possible benefits regardless of their involvement or adherence to an exercise program.
Temple University--Theses
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Phillips, Daniel J. "Physical activity in the mental health context| Addressing physical activity with clients." Thesis, Northern Arizona University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10189737.
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Research over many decades has considered how physical activity affects mental health and how physical activity is perceived and utilized by mental health professionals in the treatment of clients. Findings suggest that physical activity is useful for decreasing symptoms of some disorders, improving mood, and improving cognitive functioning. Further, mental health professionals generally endorse the topic of physical activity as relevant and useful in the mental health context. However, mental health professionals do not generally address client physical activity. Among other concerns, mental health professionals believe that addressing physical activity with clients could have a negative impact on the client?s perception of the counseling process. This study investigated whether addressing client physical activity with college students participating in an intake counseling session influenced client ratings of the session or client ratings of the counseling relationship. There were no significant differences found in client ratings of the counseling session or counseling relationship when physical activity was addressed. The results of this study can be used in making decisions about addressing the topic of physical activity in the mental health context.
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Stamborski, Kelsey M. "Promoting Exercising by Exploring Expectations of and Desire for Physical and Mental Affective Benefits." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1524760678037332.
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Stuart, Marta. "Promoting a Family's Physical and Mental Health and Well-Being." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/156993.
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Quinn, Megan, H. Owens, and Elaine Loudermilk. "Effects of Physical and Sexual Abuse on Mental Health." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6804.
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O'Connell, Christine. "Integrating physical and psychological wellbeing in child health." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2016. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/15004/.
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Research shows that the integration of physical and mental healthcare in paediatric settings is beneficial in terms of clinical and cost effectiveness (Kahana, Drotar, & Frazier, 2008; Douglas & Benson 2008, Griffin & Christie, 2008). Due to the high rates of mental health problems within this population, several studies have shown that referral to paediatric psychology should be increased (e.g. Wagner & Smith, 2007). However, there are few studies investigating factors influencing healthcare professionals’ referral behaviour. The current study used theory of planned behaviour (Ajzen, 1988; 1991) to develop a questionnaire which explores factors influencing the referral of children and families to paediatric psychology. Psychometric properties of the questionnaire were examined. Findings indicate that the questionnaire holds good reliability and validity and that the main constructs of theory of planned behaviour are useful in predicting intention to refer to paediatric psychology. Specific beliefs about referral were also shown to influence intention to refer. Findings that individual referrer factors such as attitudes and beliefs can impact healthcare professionals’ referral behaviour indicates that multidisciplinary interventions and inter-professional education relating to the psychological aspects of illness are required. Recommendations for future research are discussed.
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McFadden, Taylor. "Mental Health, Physical Activity Participation and Physical Activity Recommendation Habits of Medical Students." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41854.
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The purpose of this doctoral dissertation was to investigate the relationships between mental health and physical activity participation of medical students, as well as their confidence, motivation and frequency in recommending physical activity in future medical practice. Moreover, this thesis involved the implementation and evaluation of a peer support walking intervention aimed at improving the mental health and physical activity participation of medical students. Two separate studies were conducted, including a cross-sectional correlational survey administered to medical students in all four years at three Canadian Universities (Study One; Articles One, Two and Three) and a single-subject study testing the impact of a two-month peer support walking intervention delivered to first and second year medical students at two Canadian universities (Study Two; Articles Four and Five). Article One examined relationships between physical activity, including mild and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and mental health profiles in a sample of Canadian medical students using latent profile analysis. Three distinct mental health profiles emerged (low, moderate and high ratings of mental health) and individuals in the high mental health profile reported engaging in more mild physical activity than MVPA. Article Two investigated the underlying mechanism(s) contributing to frequency in recommending physical activity, to provide insight into how we can increase physical activity recommendations in future practice as physicians. Findings showed positive relationships between medical students’ physical activity levels and their frequency recommending physical activity to patients. Results also revealed that medical students are significantly more motivated than they are confident to recommend physical activity to patients and only 52% of student participants were aware of and accurately able to recall the Canadian physical activity guidelines. Article Three examined demographic differences in medical students’ motivation and confidence to recommend physical activity to future patients. Results revealed differences according to gender, year of study and academic background. For instance, second year students were more motivated to assess a patients’ level of physical activity compared to third and fourth year students. Article Four evaluated the impact of a two-month peer support walking intervention aimed at improving the mental health and physical activity participation of first and second year medical students using the RE-AIM framework. Findings showed that the peer support walking intervention was delivered as intended and may be an important proactive strategy for maintaining mental health and physical activity levels of medical students during stressful situations, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, Article Five offered evidence-based strategies for conducting mental health research in medical professionals to optimize recruitment, engagement and retention. Ten strategies were provided to help inform the planning of future research aiming to support the mental health of medical professionals, including students. Taken altogether, findings from this dissertation show that peer support and incorporating mild physical activity may be an effective strategy to offer within medical student wellness programs. Additionally, results highlight the need to expand the medical curriculum to include physical activity education in order to prepare students to recommend physical activity to patients in future medical practice as an important preventive and therapeutic strategy for several chronic illnesses.
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Horner, Katrina E. "The effect of increasing physical activity on health benefits in sedentary women." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1041902.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the current CDC/ACSM physical activity recommendation, ("30 minutes or more of accumulated moderate-intensity activity, most if not all, days of the week") would improve women's health through a reduction ofcoronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Twenty-one sedentary females (ages 49 ± 7 yrs.) with one or more CHD risk factors underwent baseline laboratory including: resting heart rate and blood pressure, resting electrocardiogram, body mass index, bioelectrical impedance, skinfold measures, waist-to-hip, blood lipid profile, and V02max. The VO2 was determined by an exercise treadmill test using the Ball State University Ramp protocol. The subjects were instructed on the CDC/ACSM recommendation, the physical activity survey, and given examples of moderate-intensity activity. The survey data was collected bimonthly over the six month period. The subjects reported participating in >_ 30 min. of moderate-intensity activity an average of 4 f 1 days/week with an average duration of 54 ± 26 min. On the remaining days, the subjects reported doing an average of 14 ± 6 minutes per day. Also, 90% of the women reported doing the activity in continuous bouts. Following the six month study period, the women were retested in the laboratory. Sixteen subjects completed the post-testing. The results of the sixteen women showed a significant improvements in HDL-cholesterol (51 ± 15 vs.56 ± 15 mmHg; p=<.05) and TC/HDL ratio (4.5 ± 1 vs.4.25 ± 1.3; p=<.05). There were no significant changes in the other risk factor variables examined or their V02,„.. It was concluded that the majority of previously sedentary, middle aged women can not meet the CDC/ACSM recommendations for daily activity and total energy expenditure. Additionally, it appears that when given the choice, these women choose to do activity in continuous time blocks versus breaking the daily activities into shorter time periods.School of Physical Education
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Davis, Owen. "Exploring the links between cash benefits policies and social inequalities in mental health." Thesis, University of Kent, 2018. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/67121/.
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This thesis examines the impact of policies which provide cash support for unemployed and workless persons on social inequalities in mental health. It contributes to a body of literature which has tended to assume that more generous cash benefits will reduce health gaps between advantaged and less advantaged groups. It notes that while there is some empirical support for this proposition, the evidence remains inconclusive. The thesis addresses this research problem by examining how cash benefits influence health inequalities. It defines three cash benefits 'design features' - generosity, activation and conditionality - and explores empirical connections with health inequalities through specific 'causal pathways'. Chapter Four focuses on one causal pathway - the influence of cash benefits via social stress. Operationalising cash benefits policies in terms of 'welfare regimes', it explores evidence from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe for a relationship between welfare regimes and inequalities in depressive symptoms. It finds evidence that the Scandinavian regime has the least inequalities in depressive symptoms, suggesting that cash benefits generosity remains an important buffer for stress among disadvantaged groups. Chapter Five uses two more precise measures of cash benefits policies: passive and active labour market spending. Combining expenditure data from the OECD with individual-level data from the European Social Survey it uses regression and mediation analyses to explore a range of causal pathways from these policies to health inequalities. It finds some evidence that active labour market policies reduce inequalities in depressive symptoms by improving employment outcomes, while generous cash benefits may improve mental health during unemployment. Chapter Six develops the approach yet further, by looking at conditionality requirements attached to receipt of benefits as well as generosity and activation. Focusing on sanctions and work requirements linked with receipt of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families policies in the United States, it looks at how variations across states in conditionality practices matter for health inequalities. There are indications that stringent conditionality may increase inequalities in mental health, although it is unclear why this is.
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Yi, Joyce P. "Exploring trait resilience in association with mental and physical health /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9020.
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Asare, Mavis. "Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and mental health in young people." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13202.
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Physical Activity and Health Abstract: More research is needed in physical activity and sedentary behaviour and their associations with mental health in young people. Study 1 examined the effect size for the association between sedentary behaviour and mental health in young people aged 5-18 years of age, using a meta-analysis. Results from 37 independent studies (n=373, 512) showed a small but significant effect size (r=-0.30, 95% CI= -0.20, -0.45, p<0.001), indicating that sedentary behaviour is associated with mental health problems in young people. Study 2 examined the association between sedentary behaviour and mental health in African young people. Participants were 296 adolescents (150 males, 146 females) aged 13 to 18 years (mean=14.85 years) living in Ghana. Participants physical activity levels were assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Adolescents (PAQ-A) and sedentary behaviour, using the Adolescents Sedentary Activity Questionnaire. Depression was assessed using the Children Depression Inventory and aspects of self-esteem were measured with the Physical Self-worth test and body image silhouette test. There was a significant negative correlation between physical activity and mental health [depression (r= -0.78, p<0.001); physical self-worth (r=0.71, p<0.001); body dissatisfaction (r= -0.76, p<0.001)]. Moreover, sedentary behaviour was significantly associated with higher depression (r=0.68, p<0.001). Affluence was a significant contributing factor of sedentary behaviour in African young people [t (294)= -7.30, p<0.001]. Moreover, Study 3 examined the impact of physical activity on cognitive functioning in African young people. An experimental design was used with 60 adolescents (27 males, 33 females) aged 13 to 18 years (mean=14.83 years) living in Ghana. Participants physical activity and health were assessed both at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Physical activity levels were measured using the PAQ-A and by pedometer; cognitive functioning was assessed with the Raven s Progressive Matrices test, with additional psychological variables of physical self-worth being measured with a subscale of the Physical Self Perception Profile, and body dissatisfaction using the body image silhouette test. The participants in the experimental group participated in aerobic physical activities, twice a week for 6 weeks. Results from the study showed that participants in the experimental school scored significantly higher on cognitive functioning [F (1,56)=34.77, p<0.001]; and self-esteem than those in the control group. From this current research the new finding seems to be associated with affluent behaviour being a significant contributing factor of sedentary behaviour in African youth, whereas other findings in the Western culture show that the weather is one of the contributing factors for sedentary behaviour in young people.
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McKelvey, Daniel Kevin. "Identity Discrepancy, Male Role Norms, and Mental and Physical Health." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1500.
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Male gender role norms were considered from a self-discrepancy perspective. The male gender role was divided into 4 perspective domain combinations based on the participant's perceptions: self-ideal/ought, other-ideal/ought, self-actual, other-actual. These categories were assessed using an adapted form of the Male Role Norms Inventory-Revised (Levant et al., 2007). It was hypothesized that large discrepancies between the perspective domains in a male's gender role concept would be significantly related to depression, anxiety, and lower general health quality, and this relationship would be moderated by the centrality of the perspective domains to the participant's gender role concept and by the centrality of the male gender role to the person's identity. High self-ideal vs. low self-actual discrepancy was related to increased depression and anxiety when moderated by perspective domain centralities. High other-ideal vs. low other or self-actual discrepancies were related to lower reported health quality.
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Park, Saengryeol. "Physical activity and sedentary behaviour in older adults : associations with physical and mental health." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7441/.
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With an increasing ageing population, it is important to explore factors that can contribute to healthy ageing. Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) are associated with psychological and physical health in older adults. This thesis therefore aims to explore the associations between PA as well as SB and a range of health, motivational, environmental factors in older adults from assisted living facilities (ALFs) and community settings using various methodological approaches. Study 1 used latent profile analyses to group people based on PA, SB, and physical function in resident of ALFs. It was found that those classed as high physical function with an active lifestyle had better mental health compared to those who had lower physical function and an inactive lifestyle. These findings suggest that in order to improve mental health in older adults, interventions should take all these variables into account. Study 2 used latent profile analyses to classify people based on the degree of autonomy support from important others and perceptions of the physical environment, and subsequently examined differences in engaging in light PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) between these groups. Results suggest that perceptions of the physical environment should be taken into account along with support from important others to facilitate increases in levels of PA. Study 3 employed ecological momentary assessment to examine the within-person association of light PA, MVPA, and SB in relation to bodily pain and fatigue in older community dwelling adults. This study revealed associations between bodily pain and PA, as well as SB. Furthermore, daily fatigue was influenced by typical fatigue and physical health. The overall conclusion of the studies presented in this thesis implies that individual, social, and environmental factors and its interactions can all contribute to mental health, PA, SB, bodily pain, and fatigue outcomes in older adults.
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White, Rhiannon Lee. "Relationships between domain-specific physical activity and mental health, mental wellbeing, and mental-ill health: Understanding the role of self-determined motivation." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2016. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/3b3733a183529dd37e9471180d1031a9ca44e002ccaaeee0b4c13ecee1626910/3405938/White_2016_Domaine_specific_physical_activity_and_mental.pdf.
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Mental ill-health is the leading cause of disability worldwide due to the high prevalence of mental health disorders and the reduced quality of life that accompanies a diagnosis. Alarmingly, many mental health disorders first originate during adolescence, causing a particularly high prevalence amongst young people. Abundant evidence demonstrates that physical activity benefits adults’ and adolescents’ mental health and wellbeing. However, little is known about the specific circumstances under which physical activity optimally promotes mental wellbeing. Without such understanding it is impossible to optimally promote mental health and prevent mental ill-health through physically active behaviours. Limited evidence suggests that leisure-time physical activity is more beneficial to mental health and wellbeing than physical activity during other life domains. It has been suggested that leisure-time physical activity may be a more self-determined behaviour compared to physical activity during other domains, and that this higher quality motivation may explain why leisure-time physical activity is more strongly associated with improved wellbeing. However, the role motivation plays in the relationship between domain-specific physical activity and mental health has not yet been examined.
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timilsina, kailash. "Mental health, life periods and physical health correlates, a study of American society." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1381410887.
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Kemp, Kim. "Pathways to health in a deprived population : relationships between smoking, mental health & physical health." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5520.
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Introduction: Recently there has been increasing interest in understanding and addressing health inequalities and enhancing the well-being of the population as a whole through anticipatory care and better health care delivery. The current study aimed to investigate the predictive relationships between smoking behaviour, physical health, and mental health in a deprived population using models of mediation. Method: Participants had attended a Keep Well health check, a national programme offering health screening, advice, referrals and signposting to individuals aged 45-64 living in deprived areas. Participants completed a questionnaire measuring smoking status, physical health (RAND general health subscale), mental health symptoms (GHQ-12), positive mental health (WEMWBS), and demographic information. Results: The current study found that smoking mediated the relationship between mental health problems and physical health, as well as mediating the relationship between positive mental health and physical health. Discussion: These findings suggest that by offering interventions to encourage individuals to stop smoking health care providers can hope to reduce mental health problems via direct effects but also via an indirect benefit of improvements in physical health. There are also opportunities to improve physical health via the direct effects of reducing mental health problems and increasing positive mental health, as well as the indirect effect of smoking.
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Giouvanaki, Asimina. "Nature’s Impact on Mental and Physical Wellbeing : A study of the mental and physical health in Greek Immigrants to Sweden." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36458.
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In the past Man coinhabited harmoniously with nature only to have the balance disturbed with the advent of the Industrial Revolution replacing the green habitat with urban concrete settlements Consequently, the characteristics of the contemporary city pose a set of serious threat to man’s physical and mental health. Crowdedness, lack of apt infrastructure, pollution, noise pollution and rise in temperature are all contributing factors to the Man’s demised health and detachment from previous amicable coexistence with nature. For the past 30 years, extensive research has been conducted studying the correlation between man and nature, and nature’s impact on man’s health. The theory of “Biophilia,” by Edward, O. Wilson, Rachel and Stephen Kaplan’s “Attention Restorative Theory,” and Roger Ulrich’s “Stress Reduction Theory,” have been innovating and contributing towards gaining more understanding of the importance of a green environment in man’s everyday life. As a corollary the above-mentioned theories gave rise to the following quantitative study conducted over a 4-month period, including 81 respondents, in Spring 2020, focusing on whether a natural green environment in Sweden had impacted the mental and physical health in Greek immigrants to Sweden. The findings suggest that comparing the respondents’ life in Greece and respectively in Sweden there was indeed an improvement in the mood and health of the sample groups taking into consideration: how healthy they are, how healthy they feel, how happy they feel in relation to work, time spent in Sweden, marital status and of course the parameters that focus on the part of the natural environment at home and in their neighbourhood in Sweden. There seem to have been a statistically significant improvement in their health compared to when they lived in Greece but there is insufficient evidence to support that some of the parameters examined are responsible for this. Happiness on the other hand seem to possess a statistical important role due to their marital status among others along with the green surrounding environment having an impact on their mental well-being but not their physical health. Therefore, a more sustainable green environment seems to have impacted the overall psychological and physical state of the respondents, but further extensive research is recommended to investigate in depths others factors i.e., psychosomatics, environmental psychology along with nature related theories and studies.
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Neureuther, Earlene R. "The health benefits of a pedometer based 100,000 steps/week physical activity program." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1366497.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if increasing physical activity to 100,000 steps/week would lead to improvements in cardiovascular risk factors for the "somewhat active" to "active" population. Thirty-one subjects, 13 male (mean age 43.5 ± 14.5 years) and 18 female (mean age 38.9 ± 12.6 years) who volunteered to participate in this study completed the full 16 weeks. Subjects were eligible for the study if they were healthy, could ambulate, and their baseline activity level met the step count criteria (> 7,500 - <12,500 steps/day). Subjects underwent laboratory testing comprised of resting heart rate, resting blood pressure, body composition, blood lipid analysis, bone mineral density, and a surrogate measure of cardio-respiratory fitness, prior to and 16 weeks after completing the 100,000 steps/week intervention. After the completion of preliminary assessments, subjects were asked to wear a pedometer continuously for 16 weeks; increasing their number of steps from baseline to 100,000 steps/week. Fifty-eight percent of subjects adhered (> 90,000 steps/week) to the 100,000 steps/week physical activity program. Subjects demonstrated significant reductions in body composition measurements overtime with increased physical activity. These improvements included body mass index 27.2 ± 3.6 to 26.8 ± 3.6 kg/m2, total percent body fat 35.4 ± 9.9 to 33.9 ± 10.3%, and waist circumference 83.9 ± 10.3 to 81.6 ± 10.1cm from pre to post measurements. In conclusion, individuals already meeting minimal physical activity recommendations (i.e. somewhat active/active) can gain health benefits particularly in body composition by increasing to 100,000 steps/week with the use of a pedometer.Key Words: physical activity, pedometer, walking, weight loss, adherence, dose-response, intervention.School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
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Telford, Robin. "Physical and Mental Health Status of Adults with Serious Mental Illness Participating in a Jail Diversion Intervention." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5139.
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Adults with mental illnesses are at an increased risk to be diagnosed with one or more comorbid physical illnesses compared to the general population. Much of the disparities faced by adults with serious mental illnesses (SMI) can be attributed to medication side effects, increased risk for metabolic diseases, inability to communicate about severity and monitor physical health symptoms, poor health behaviors, high rates of smoking, and poor quality health care. The rate of physical illnesses for adults with mental illnesses are even higher among those who have been involved with the criminal justice system. In order to understand the relationship between physical and mental illnesses, longitudinal study designs are needed. Longitudinal studies can provide greater understanding of the temporal relationship of physical and mental illnesses. Despite the benefits of longitudinal studies, there also are challenges, including missing data.
The first manuscript of this dissertation explores the physical and mental health status of adults with mental illnesses. Secondary data were used from three different studies: a sample of adults with SMI enrolled in a mental health court jail diversion program (n=91); a sample of Medicaid enrollees with SMI in Florida (n=688) who were part of a larger Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) study; and a sample of inpatient and outpatient adults with SMI from five different study sites (n=969). The samples were combined into two data sets, consisting of the jail diversion sample and the SAMHSA sample, and the jail diversion sample and the 5-site sample. Participants in these samples answered questions on the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), recent arrests, drug and alcohol use, socio-demographic information, and mental illness symptom severity (measured only in the criminal justice and 5-site samples).
Overall, the mental and physical health status scores were significantly lower for all of the participants compared to the general population mean scores. The participants reporting a recent arrest had a higher physical health score compared to those who did not have a recent arrest, and in the jail diversion and 5-site sample, had a lower mental health status score than those without a recent arrest. After taking age, drug and alcohol use, and psychiatric symptom severity into account, arrest was no longer associated with the physical health status score in either of the data sets. In the jail diversion and 5-site data set, arrest was still significantly associated with mental health status score after controlling for age, drug and alcohol use, and psychiatric symptom severity.
The second manuscript of this dissertation explores the analysis of missing data in a longitudinal study to determine the missing data mechanisms and missing data patterns, and subsequently, how to prepare the data for analysis by using multiple imputation or maximum likelihood estimation. Secondary data were drawn from the same jail diversion sample as in the first manuscript. Data were collected at baseline, three months, six months, and nine months. Only participants with the potential to have data collected at these time points were included (n=50).
Analysis revealed missing data due to missing item-level information, missing participant data at one time point but complete data at a subsequent time point, and missing participant data for those who dropped out of the study completely. The missing data mechanism for the missing item-level data were missing completely at random, whereas the participant-level missing data were missing at random. Multiple imputation was used for the item-level data and for the participant-level missing data. Maximum likelihood estimation was also used for the participant-level missing data and compared to the multiple imputation results. Findings suggest that multiple imputation produced more accurate parameter estimates, possibly due to the small sample size.
The findings from this study indicate that more research needs to be done to fully understand the physical illnesses experienced by adults with mental illnesses who are involved with the criminal justice system. Understanding mental and physical illness comorbidity is important in public health as it dictates appropriate treatments and training for behavioral health practitioners and staff. In addition, missing data in longitudinal studies cannot be ignored, as it can bias the results, and appropriate techniques for exploring the missing data must be used. When missing data is ignored in analyses, the subsequent results can be incorrect and unable to detect treatment effects, thereby preventing effective programs from receiving necessary funding. In addition, ignoring missing data can impact funding for behavioral health services by underestimating the prevalence and severity of mental illnesses. Future research should focus on exploring how mental and physical health are related in adults with a recent arrest compared to the general population, and ways to integrate services to address both mental and physical health.
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Emley, Elizabeth A. "Social Movements and Health: The Benefits of Being Involved." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1490715716992475.
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English, Lisa. "College Students' Perceived Benefits, Barriers, and Cues to Vigorous Physical Activity." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1258663443.
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Faulkner, Guy. "Exercise and mental health : problems and possibilities." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6780.
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Despite a sound evidence base, the consideration of exercise as a therapeutic adjunct remains rare in mental health settings. This research project reports a series of studies examining the consideration of exercise as a strategy for promoting mental health in clinical settings. A broad, multi-level and multi-method analysis of exercise and mental health was adopted by focusing on trainers (key stakeholders responsible for treatment dissemination), providers (individuals at the forefront of treatment) and service users (individuals with clinical depression). First, the perceptions of exercise as an adjunctive therapy is qualitatively explored through interviews with Course Directors of UK training programmes in clinical psychology and mental health nurses working in acute, inpatient settings. A range of conceptual barriers are revealed such as the perceived `simplicity' of exercise interventions and the incompatibility of exercise with traditional models of understanding and treating clinical conditions. Second, the nature and extent of exercise promotion are identified within one NHS Mental Health Trust. A lack of training and protocols are the most significant barriers. The Theory of Planned Behaviour variables of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention predict stage of change of physical activity promotion in a health care setting. However, the past promotion of physical activity overrides much of these effects. Third, the role of exercise in the lives of individuals with depression is explored in a case study analysis of four participants of an exercise referral scheme. The context of each person's life is instrumental in understanding adherence and the experiences associated with participation in exercise and/or physical activity. These studies offer insight to some of the conceptual and structural barriers inhibiting the promotion of exercise as well as factors that may contribute to the success of such promotion within mental health settings. Recommendations are offered to enhance the development of comprehensive physical activity provision for people with mental health problems.
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CEDERGREN, ANDERS. "PERCEIVED SOCIAL HEALTH BENEFITS AMONG PARTICIPANTS IN A SENIOR CHAIR VOLLEYBALL PROGRAM." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1132171274.
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Moser, Michele R., and K. Keen. "Collaborative Systems for Children with Complex Physical and Mental Health Needs." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4995.
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Leutwyler, Heather. "Understanding the physical health of older adults with schizophrenia." Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3359579.
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Montgomery, Alan A. "Physical activity and perceived benefits and barriers in adults aged 55-74." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2663.
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In order to increase the number of older adults physically active enough to obtain the health benefits of exercise, inactive individuals must firstly be identified, and attention must then be focused on determinants of exercise amenable to change. This study set out to develop self-complete questionnaires for assessing activity status, and perceived benefits of, and barriers to, physical activity. Of 1456 questionnaires sent out to a random sample of adults aged 55-74 a usable return rate of 37.6% (n=548) was achieved. A principal components analysis of the benefits of physical activity revealed five factors (physical performance, social, weight control, enjoyment, and psychological), and of the barriers to physical activity, also five factors (opportunities, physical exertion, time, limiting health, and support). Alpha internal consistency coefficients for the 10 factors ranged from 0.64 to 0.92, and test-retest reliability coefficients from 0.56 to 0.87. A series of one-way ANOVAs revealed that, with the exception of the benefit weight control, there was a significant gradation in factor scores between active and inactive subjects as classified by 4-, 9-, and 5- point activity classification methods. Validity of the activity classifications was assessed in a subsample of 86 subjects against measures of strength, flexibility, aerobic fitness and objectively measured physical activity. Active and inactive subjects classified using the 4- and 9-point questionnaires differed significantly in 1-mile walk time and energy expenditure estimated by a Caltrac accelerometer. The 5-point questionnaire did not appear able to differentiate active and inactive subjects. Test-retest reliability of the questionnaires ranged from 0.62 to 0.73. The questionnaire developed from this work for measuring perceived benefits and barriers of older adults can be used in either practical or research settings. Further work is required to determine the accuracy of the physical activity questionnaires in identifying low-active individuals in the population.
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Bergen, Angela Beth. "Adult Character Strength Use and Its Relationship to Physical and Mental Health." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6971.
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In this study, the use of human character strengths was evaluated as a component of mental and physical health. The majority of previous character strengths research has been limited to monotonic use of character strengths. This study evaluated subjective outcomes based on a new measure of how much adults reported underusing, optimally using, and overusing their character strengths. This exploratory study was theoretically grounded in the upward spiral model of lifestyle change. The underuse, optimal use, and overuse of character strengths were evaluated as predictors of physical and mental health status, health behaviors, and emotions. Using a convenience sample of 100 participants and a correlational design with regression analyses, as well as mediation with bootstrapping methods, the study determined that the optimal use of character strengths was predictive of better physical health, better mental health, more frequent health behaviors, and more frequent positive emotions. The underuse of character strengths was predictive of worse physical health, worse mental health, less frequent health behaviors, and more frequent negative emotions. Additionally, the overuse of character strengths was predictive of worse physical health, less frequent health behaviors, and more frequent negative emotions. Overuse of character strengths was not found to be predictive of worse mental health. Positive emotions mediated 53% of the relationship between optimal use of character strengths and health behaviors. Motivating individuals to engage in healthier lifestyles, although critical, can be challenging at times. This study is socially significant because it may offer increased knowledge on promoting positive emotions, the upward spiral of healthy behavioral choices, and better physical and mental health.
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Rice, Judy A. "Assessing the Physical Health of Psychiatric Patients." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2001. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7619.
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Leão, Teresa Saraiva. "Mental and physical health among first-generation and second-generation immigrants in Sweden /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-812-6/.
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Goldberger, Trina Suzanne, and Diane Marie Waters. "The benefits of wilderness experience for mental health: An exploratory study on nature-based therapies." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1648.
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Jacobs, Kahá:wi Joslyn. "Relationships between abuse and physical/mental health in a sample of urban help-seeking women." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18466.
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Physical and sexual abuse are problems that cross all ethnic, racial, geographic, and socioeconomic boundaries. The literature has consistently shown that the most prominent victims of family violence are women, teenagers, children and the elderly. There has also been increasing evidence for ethnocultural differences in the experience of physical and sexual abuse, with Aboriginal women being abused more often than their non-Aboriginal counterparts. The present study explored the physical and mental health of a sample of 172 Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women in Montreal who were seeking shelter and social services. Between group differences in history of physical and sexual abuse, and in demographic, socioeconomic, medical, family/social, substance abuse, and psychological domains were explored. This study also explored adverse childhood experiences in relation to history of childhood sexual abuse. The majority of the sample were single women who were economically disadvantaged, as shown by low employment, dependency on welfare, and need for temporary shelter and other services. They reported high rates of lifetime psychological distress (anxiety, depression), as well as attempted suicide (54.1%) and current substance abuse problems (52.3%). When the sample was stratified for ethnocultural background, the analyses indicated few differences between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal study participants. They were comparable in terms of demographics, socio-economic background, and medical history. In terms of abuse history, Aboriginal women were more likely than non-Aboriginal women to have been physically abused in their lifetimes, but there were no differences in history of sexual abuse. Aboriginal women reported higher rates of pregnancies over their lifetime and during adolescence (#18 years of age). When the sample was stratified for childhood sexual abuse history, analyses indicated that those who were abused experienced more family-related problems, including serL'abus physique et sexuel est un problème qui traverse toutes limites ethniques, raciales, géographiques, et socio-économiques. La littérature a régulièrement montré que les victimes les plus éminentes de violence dans les familles sont les femmes, les adolescent(e)s, les enfants et les personnes âgées. Il y a des preuves croissantes pour les différences ethnoculturelles, dans l'expérience d'abus physique et sexuel, les femmes aborigènes se faisant abuser plus souvent que leur homologues non-aborigènes. Cette étude a exploré la santé physique et mentale d'un échantillon de 172 femmes aborigènes et non-aborigènes dans Montréal qui cherchaient un abri et des services sociaux. Les inégalités dans l'histoire de l'abus physique et sexuelle et dans les variables démographique, socio-économiques, médicales, familiales/sociales, l'abus de substances et psychologique on été examines entre les groupes. A travers cette étude on a aussi examiné les expériences adverses dans l'enfance en relation avec l'histoire d'abus sexuel dans l'enfance. L'échantillon consistait en une majorité de femmes célibataires ayant un désavantage économique, tel que démontré par un faible taux d'emploie, une dépendance pour rapport avec services sociaux et le besoin temporaire d'avoir un abri ou d'avoir recours à d'autres services. Elles ont rapporté un taux élevé de détresse psychologique durant leur vie (anxiété, dépression), ainsi que des attentas de suicide (54%) et des problèmes d'abus actuel de substances (52.3%). Dans bette etude, lorsqu'on a stratifié l'échantillon selon l'arrière plan ethnoculturel, l'analyse a indiqué de différences entre les participantes aborigènes et non-aborigènes. Elles étaient comparable en terme de démographie, d'arrière plan socio-économique et d'histoire médicale. Pour l'histoire d'abus, il était plus probable que les femmes aborigènes aient été abusées physiquement pendant leur vie que les femmes$
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Pasquariello, Cassandra. "Let's Get Physical: The Role of Physical Activity in the Training of Graduate Mental Health Students." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2559.
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There is growing awareness of the role of physical activity (PA) in the prevention and treatment of health disorders. Mental health practitioners are well positioned to provide PA counseling and may have ethical obligations to address PA. Researchers have cited insufficient training as a barrier to PA counseling, yet little is known about training in mental health. This exploratory study examines the need for training students in PA counseling. A national sample of 361 current graduate students in psychology, social work, rehabilitation counseling, and psychiatric nursing completed a Web-based survey on their training, knowledge, attitude towards PA, personal PA, and use of PA with clients. Knowledge, training, and attitude significantly predicted use of PA in counseling. Psychiatric nursing students reported significantly higher knowledge and use of PA, 75% of students reported no training in PA counseling, and 86% of students reported need for training. Implications for training are discussed.
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Hanson, Brittany Minnick. "Growing Health: Community Gardens and their Effects on Diet, Physical and Mental Health and Community." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5237.
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Recently, research on community gardens and their benefits to health and community has become very popular. However, this influx of research has failed to investigate challenges to successful community gardening. Some articles examine issues between community gardeners and the land owners, but other than these conflicts community garden challenges, like lack of participation and quality leadership, have not been discussed in the literature (Draper and Freedman, 2010). To allow future gardens to be as successful as possible it is important to identify potential obstacles. Additionally, it is just as important to continue to examine possible benefits, for example, physical activity and health benefits of community gardening and the breadth of community issues possibly addressed by community gardeners. Continuing to research on community will allow for more successful gardens and encourage funding for these programs. This study examines how food insecurity, health and community cohesion issues can be affected by community gardens in Central Florida. It also investigates challenges community gardens often face. To do this I conducted structured interviews with community gardeners and semi-structured interviews with community garden leaders at several gardens throughout Orange County, Florida. The results show that community gardens have several benefits including increased consumption of fresh produce, improved physical activity, mental health and community cohesion. However, gardens are not without difficulties. About a third of the gardeners and the majority of the leaders said that lack of participation was a challenge they faced.ID: 031001542; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: James Wright.; Title from PDF title page (viewed August 21, 2013).; Thesis (M.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-68).
M.A.
Masters
Sociology
Sciences
Applied Sociology
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Tumusiime, David Kabagema. "Perceived benefits of, barriers and helpful cues to physical activity among tertiary institution students in Rwanda." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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According to literature, particularly from data obtained from the World Health Organisation, physical inactivity or sedentarism is one of the leading causes of the major non-communicable diseases, which contributes substantially to the global burden of diseases, death and disability. The burden of mortality, morbidity and disability attributable to non-communicable diseases is currently greatest and is continuing to grow in the developing countries. Most declines in physical activity are during the transition from high school to college or university. The aim of the study was to ascertain perceptions of physical activity, specificallyperceived benefits of, perceived barriers and perceived helpful motivational factors to physical activity among tertiary institution students in Rwanda, and to find out whether demographic and background characteristics have an influence on these perceptions.
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Brunes, Audun. "The association between physical activity, mental health, and personality: The HUNT study." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for bevegelsesvitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14123.
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Background: Previous studies have suggested that physically active behavior is associated with reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety. It is uncertain whether this relationship is affected by a third underlying factor. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between physical activity (PA), symptoms of depression and anxiety, and personality traits. Methods: During the period 2006–2008, the third phase of a population-based health survey (HUNT 3) was conducted in the county of Nord-Trøndelag in Norway. In total, 38,743 subjects aged 19 years or older completed the self-reported questionnaires on PA, mental health problems and personality in HUNT 3, of which 21,722 (56.1%) were women and 17,021 men (43.9%). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to detect case-level symptoms of depression and anxiety, while the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) was used to measure the stable and consistent personality dimensions extroversion and neuroticism. Analysis focused on the odds of HADS-defined depression and anxiety comparing different levels of PA. Also, the linear trend between PA and personality scores was assessed. Results: The prevalence of depression and anxiety scores above 8 was 9.5% and 14.1% respectively. Distribution of HADS-defined anxiety, scored extroversion, and scored neuroticism was higher among women compared with men, while HADS-defined depression had a higher distribution among men. The results from this cross-sectional study suggest that moderately physically active individuals have significantly lower odds of symptoms of depression and anxiety compared with less physically active individuals (p < 0.05). High PA had no further effect on mental health. A lower risk of HADS-defined anxiety was found among physically active women in comparison with physically active men. In the association with personality, lower levels of PA had a significant negative linear trend than high PA in relation to extroversion score (p < 0.01) and a significant positive linear trend with lower PA than high PA in relation to neuroticism score (p < 0.01). Small and consistent effects of the association between PA and scored extroversion and neuroticism were observed among both women and men. Conclusion: Subjects reporting regular PA were less likely to report symptoms of depression, but only physically active women were associated with lower symptoms of anxiety. Personality may be an important underlying factor in explaining this association, but other possible mechanisms might be more elucidating.
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Flannery, Halina. "Lay perceptions of illness and recovery for physical and mental health difficulties." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.658862.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: This study aimed to explore illness representations and attitudes about personal recovery in physical and mental health conditions in a lay sample. Design: 263 participants took part in an experimental study using vignettes describing the symptoms of four conditions: depression, schizophrenia, psoriasis and Type 1 diabetes. The within group factor was condition type (physical and mental health). The between groups factor was duration of symptoms (two weeks/ 'acute' or one year/ 'chronic'). Measures: Participants completed the lllness Perception Questionnaire - Revised for Healthy Individuals (Figueiras & Alves, 2007) and questions regarding their attitudes about the importance of personal attributes, such as optimism and resilience, in recovery (,personal recovery'). Results: The inter-relationship of illness representations followed some of the general patterns found in previous research. Participants attributed mental health vignettes to more psychosocial causes and placed more importance on personal recovery than they did for physical health vignettes, although there were some interaction effects of chronicity. Personal recovery attitudes positively correlated with psychosocial causes in all conditions and perceived personal control in all conditions except diabetes. Conclusion: Preliminary evidence was found that lay attitudes about personal attributes being important for recovery was more endorsed in mental health than physical health conditions and was related to perceptions of personal control and psychosocial causes of illness.