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Journal articles on the topic 'Physical and chemical characterizations'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 31 August 2024

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1

Ducel, J. F., and J. J. Videau. "Physical and chemical characterizations of sodium borophosphate glasses." Materials Letters 13, no. 4-5 (April 1992): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-577x(92)90230-h.

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2

Demirbaş, Ayhan. "PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATIONS OF ASPHALTENES FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES." Petroleum Science and Technology 20, no. 5-6 (January 6, 2002): 485–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/lft-120003573.

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3

Govind, Shashirekha, SushantKumar Kamilla, Binita Nanda, Amit Jena, and Neeta Mohanty. "Physical and Chemical Characterizations of Novel Bioactive Caries Detecting Solution." Dental Hypotheses 12, no. 1 (2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/denthyp.denthyp_90_20.

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4

Li, Shao-Meng, A. M. Macdonald, J. W. Strapp, Y. N. Lee, and X. L. Zhou. "Chemical and physical characterizations of atmospheric aerosols over southern California." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 102, no. D17 (September 1, 1997): 21341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97jd01310.

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5

Catur Adi, Annis, Nila Reswari Haryana, Damar Rastri Adhika, Adi Suwandi, and Heni Rachmawati. "Chemical and Physical Characterizations of Cooked Rice Using Different Cooking Methods." Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 8, no. 11 (November 18, 2020): 638–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/jfnr-8-11-4.

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6

Jindo, K., H. Mizumoto, Y. Sawada, M. A. Sanchez-Monedero, and T. Sonoki. "Physical and chemical characterizations of biochars derived from different agricultural residues." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 8 (August 1, 2014): 11727–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-11727-2014.

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Abstract. Biochar has received large attention as a strategy to tackle against carbon emission. Not only carbon fixation has been carried out but also other merits for agricultural application due to unique physical and chemical character such as absorption of contaminated compounds in soil, trapping ammonia and methane emission from compost, and enhancement of fertilizer quality. In our study, different local waste feed stocks (rice husk, rice straw, wood chips of apple tree (Malus Pumila) and oak tree (Quercus serrata)), in Aomori, Japan, were utilized for creating biochar with different temperature (400–800 °C). Concerning to the biochar production, the pyrolysis of lower temperature had more biochar yield than higher temperature pyrolysis process. On the contrary, surface areas and adsorption characters have been increased as increasing temperature. The proportions of carbon content in the biochars also increased together with increased temperatures. Infrared-Fourier spectra (FT-IR) and 13C-NMR were used to understand carbon chemical compositions in our biochars, and it was observed that the numbers of the shoulders representing aromatic groups, considered as stable carbon structure appeared as the temperature came closer to 600 °C, as well as in FT-IR. In rice materials, the peak assigned to SiO2, was observed in all biochars (400–800 °C) in FT-IR. We suppose that the pyrolysis at 600 °C creates the most recalcitrant character for carbon sequestration, meanwhile the pyrolysis at 400 °C produces the superior properties as a fertilizer by retaining volatile and easily labile compounds which promotes soil microbial activities.

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7

Omeiri, S., G. Rekhila, M. Trari, and Y. Bessekhouad. "Physical and photoelectrochemical characterizations of Ba2SnO4-δ elaborated by chemical route." Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 19, no. 6 (February 27, 2015): 1651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-015-2786-y.

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8

Hong, Heesun, Ok Joo Lee, Young Jin Lee, Ji Seung Lee, Olatunji Ajiteru, Hanna Lee, Ye Ji Suh, Md Tipu Sultan, Soon Hee Kim, and Chan Hum Park. "Cytocompatibility of Modified Silk Fibroin with Glycidyl Methacrylate for Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Applications." Biomolecules 11, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11010035.

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Hydrogel with chemical modification has been used for 3D printing in the biomedical field of cell and tissue-based regeneration because it provides a good cellular microenvironment and mechanical supportive ability. As a scaffold and a matrix, hydrogel itself has to be modified chemically and physically to form a β-sheet crosslinking structure for the strength of the biomaterials. These chemical modifications could affect the biological damage done to encapsulated cells or surrounding tissues due to unreacted chemical residues. Biological assessment, including assessment of the cytocompatibility of hydrogel in clinical trials, must involve testing with cytotoxicity, irritation, and sensitization. Here, we modified silk fibroin and glycidyl methacrylate (Silk-GMA) and evaluated the physical characterizations, residual chemical detection, and the biological effect of residual GMA depending on dialysis periods. Silk-GMA depending on each dialysis period had a typical β-sheet structure in the characterization analysis and residual GMA decreased from dialysis day 1. Moreover, cell proliferation and viability rate gradually increased; additionally, necrotic and apoptotic cells decreased from dialysis day 2. These results indicate that the dialysis periods during chemical modification of natural polymer are important for removing unreacted chemical residues and for the potential application of the manufacturing standardization for chemically modified hydrogel for the clinical transplantation for tissue engineering and biomedical applications.

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9

Niu, D., R. W. Ashcraft, Z. Chen, S. Stemmer, and G. N. Parsons. "Chemical, Physical, and Electrical Characterizations of Oxygen Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposited Yttrium Oxide on Silicon." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 150, no. 5 (2003): F102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1566415.

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10

Tavita, Gusti Eva, Mega Sari Juane Sofiana, Asri Mulya Ashari, Rita Kurnia Apindiati, Lucky Hartanti, and Warsidah Warsidah. "Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Herbal Tea from Gambir Leaves (Uncaria gambir) with Different Drying Processes." Sainstek : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 15, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31958/js.v15i2.7719.

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Recently, natural antioxidants have been explored to reduce the side effects of synthetic antioxidants. Plants from the Rubiaceae family have strong antioxidants and are widely used in food and cosmetic preparations. his study aims to determine gambir leaf herbal tea's physical-chemical characterization and antioxidant activity (Uncaria gambir) in different drying processes. The processing of drying is drying in direct sunlight and drying with an oven at 60oC for 7 hours. The physical-chemical characterizations are water and ash content, pH, and organoleptic of the herbal tea—the antioxidant activity of the herbal tea determination using the free radical scavenging method 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The characteristics compare with SNI 3836 of 2013. The herbal tea of Gambir with oven drying is the best yield (53.21%). The antioxidant activity (IC50) of herbal tea in direct sunlight and oven dryings are 122.44 ppm and 82.21 ppm, respectively.

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11

Ducel, J. F., and J. J. Videau. "Effect of additional calcium hydroxyapatite on sodium borophosphate glasses: physical and chemical characterizations." Materials Letters 18, no. 1-2 (November 1993): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-577x(93)90059-7.

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12

Iwamoto, Takashi, Yuki Komorida, Masaki Mito, and Atsushi Takahara. "Chemical and physical characterizations of spinel ferrite nanoparticles containing Nd and B elements." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 345, no. 2 (May 2010): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2010.01.077.

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13

Luo, Yangchao, Kang Pan, and Qixin Zhong. "Physical, chemical and biochemical properties of casein hydrolyzed by three proteases: Partial characterizations." Food Chemistry 155 (July 2014): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.01.048.

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14

Yang, Xue, Ke Ma, Libo Yang, Yujuan Chen, Yingmin Qu, Ying Wang, Xinyue Wang, et al. "Influence of magnetic field on morphological structures and physiological characteristics of bEnd.3 cells cultured on polypyrrole substrates." RSC Advances 9, no. 70 (2019): 40887–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra07180f.

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15

Lindawati, Lindawati, Irwansyah Irwansyah, and Nuzuli Fitriadi. "Physical-Chemical Characteristics of South Aceh Marble and Its Suitability for Tiles Application." Jurnal Inotera 5, no. 1 (February 18, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31572/inotera.vol5.iss1.2020.id93.

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Marble is a metamorphic rock that is widely distributed in the Earth�s continental layer. Regarding its antiquity and aesthetic appeal, it has been widely used as a construction material such as flooring tiles in buildings and monument. Physical and chemical properties of natural stones play an important role on deciding their application area as a building stone. This study reports the physicochemical analysis of marble stones from the Gunung Kerambil (GK), Alur Kering (AK) and Meukek (M) area in South Aceh District. Density, water absorption and chemical analyses of the marble samples were determined. Physical properties of samples were determined through laboratory measurements. Chemical characterizations were made using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) method. Based on,water absorption test results, the marbles from South Aceh are applicable for tile application.

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16

San, Thet Mon, Kyaw Kyaw, and Nyan Myint Kyaw. "Physical, Mechanical and Chemical Characterization on Ancient Brick Masonry of Monuments, Bagan, Myanmar." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-1 (December 31, 2018): 875–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd19100.

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17

Denmark, Iris, Samantha Macchi, Fumiya Watanabe, Tito Viswanathan, and Noureen Siraj. "Effect of KOH on the Energy Storage Performance of Molasses-Based Phosphorus and Nitrogen Co-Doped Carbon." Electrochem 2, no. 1 (January 21, 2021): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electrochem2010003.

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In this study, we have evaluated the effect of potassium hydroxide (KOH) on the energy storage performance of metal-free carbon-based materials prepared from molasses. Molasses are a renewable-resource biomass and economical by-product of sugar refinement, used here as a carbon precursor. Two co-doped carbon materials using molasses were synthesized via a time and cost-efficient microwave carbonization process, with ammonium polyphosphate as a phosphorus and nitrogen doping agent. The phosphorus and nitrogen co-doped carbon (PNDC) samples were prepared in the presence and absence of a chemical activating agent (KOH), to study the role of chemical activation on PNDCs. Physical characterizations were performed to gain insight into the composition, pore size and topographical data of each material. Electrochemical characterization via cyclic voltammetry in 1 M sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as well as in 6 M KOH as electrolytes, revealed high current density and specific capacitance for the chemically activated material (PNDC2) compared to one without chemical activation (PNDC1). The capacitance value of 244 F/g in KOH electrolyte was obtained with PNDC2. It is concluded that addition of KOH prior to carbonization increases the surface functionality, which significantly enhances the electrochemical properties of the PNDC material such as current density, stability, and specific capacitance.

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18

Julien, J. M., J. C. Quantin, J. C. Bénézet, A. Bergeret, M. F. Lacrampe, and P. Krawczak. "Chemical foaming extrusion of poly(lactic acid) with chain-extenders: Physical and morphological characterizations." European Polymer Journal 67 (June 2015): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.03.011.

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19

Mohd Hasan, Mohd Rosli, Zhanping You, Huiming Yin, Lingyun You, and Ran Zhang. "Characterizations of foamed asphalt binders prepared using combinations of physical and chemical foaming agents." Construction and Building Materials 204 (April 2019): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.01.156.

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20

Jin-Ho, Choy, Jung Duk-Young, Jean-Claude Grenier, Jung-Chul Park, and Alain Wattiaux. "Physical and chemical characterizations of silver-substituted superconducting phase YBa2(Cu1−xAgx)3O7−δ." Materials Letters 10, no. 3 (October 1990): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-577x(90)90044-m.

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21

Ijaz, Irfan, Ezaz Gilani, Ammara Nazir, and Aysha Bukhari. "Detail review on chemical, physical and green synthesis, classification, characterizations and applications of nanoparticles." Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews 13, no. 3 (July 2, 2020): 223–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2020.1802517.

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22

Abu Jahar, Noorhasmiera, Fei-ling Pua, Wong Jia Chyi, Marhaini Mostapha, Sarani Zakaria, Chin Hua Chia, and Sharifah Nabihah Syed Jaafar. "Utilization of Core Oil Palm Trunk Waste to Methyl Levulinate: Physical and Chemical Characterizations." Waste and Biomass Valorization 10, no. 3 (September 14, 2017): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-017-0085-9.

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23

Russ, John C. "Characterization of Surface Roughness." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (August 2000): 916–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600037077.

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Because of the session at this Microscopy and Microanalysis 2000 meeting concerned with the microanalysis of irregular surfaces, it seems appropriate to briefly review the methods used for the characterization of rough surfaces. This includes both mathematical tools for the concise description of surface roughness, and instruments used to acquire the necessary data. These methods are widely used in industry to characterize and specify the roughness of surfaces prepared by various machining, grinding, polishing, chemical etching, and physical and chemical deposition techniques, and to correlate the surface roughness with performance.Historically, surface roughness has been measured by performing a linear traverse with a mechanical stylus that is sensitive to vertical displacements of nm but with a lateral resolution on the order of pm, which is quite similar to the dimensions of the region analyzed by X-ray microanalysis. Recently, more comprehensive characterizations have been obtained using a raster scan over surface areas.

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24

Nashwa Salhuddin Sultan, Raed Hashim AL-Saqa, and Siham J. AL-Faris. "Study the change of some physical and chemical properties of TiN under high pressure." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 28, no. 3 (June 25, 2023): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v28i3.1427.

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The pressure equation of state of Titanium nitrate TiN was investigated in the current work using two equations of state (EOS) from the literature, including the Barden EOS and the Birch-Murnaghan EOS, whereas the Bardeen EOS, which is based on interstellar atomic potentials, and the Birch-Murnaghan EOS, which is based on the solid mechanics notion of finite strain. The EOSs were processed to identify the impacts of high pressure on the bulk modulus B, Debye temperature θD and lattice constant a, which are characterizations of TiN. Ultimately, a fair comparison of the current findings with the first principle approximation and the generalized gradient approximation approach was conducted, and a perfect agreement was found. It was demonstrated that TiN EOS can be used to calibrate high pressure for chemical compound TiN .

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25

Kleem, Doris, Birgit Severich, and Hartwig Höcker. "Correlation between chemical and physical surface properties and blood compatibility of PPE/EVA‐blends." Macromolecular Symposia 103, no. 1 (January 1996): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19961030105.

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AbstractThe chemical and physical surface properties of a biomaterial are of high importance for the blood compatibility of an implant. Blends of poly(propylene‐co‐ethylene) with various amounts of poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) (PPE/EVA‐blends) were examined because of the varying surface hydrophilicity. Surface characterizations were performed by means of X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Infrared Spectroscopy in Attenuated Totalreflexion Mode (IR‐ATR) in relation to dynamic contact angle and zeta potential measurements. The examination of the blood compatibility of the polymer surfaces was carried out in vitro in a modified BOWRY blood chamber with native whole human blood. A balanced ratio of polar and dispersive surface free energy and a zeta potential of −4 mV are the conditions for a good blood compatibility of the investigated PPE/EVA‐blends.

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26

Mohamed, Jamal Moideen Muthu, Ali Alqahtani, Farid Menaa, Saminathan Kayarohanam, Adel Al Fatease, Taha Alqahtani, Ali Alamri, Mohamed El-Sherbiny, Sundarapandian Ramkanth, and Ashok Kumar Janakiraman. "In Vitro Physical Characterizations and Docking Studies on Carvedilol Nanocrystals." Crystals 12, no. 7 (July 16, 2022): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12070988.

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The major goal of this investigation was to prepare carvedilol nanocrystals (CRL-NCs) for better solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Using polyvinyl pyrolidine K-30 (PVP) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) as stabilisers, CRL-NCs were effectively synthesised by emulsion-diffusion, followed by the high-pressure homogenization (HPH) method. The AL classes of phase solubility curves with ideal complexes produced with stabilisers were estimated by thermodynamic parameters. The docking study was performed with the active site of a β-1 adrenoreceptor protein, and the CRLs docking score was revealed as −23.481 Kcal/mol−1. At 25 and 37 °C, the optimum interaction constant was determined for PVP (144 and 176 M−1) and SDS (102 and 121 M−1). The average particle size (PS) of the produced stable CRL-NCs is 58 nm, with a zeta potential of −27.2 ± 2.29 mV, a poly dispersibility index of 0.181 ± 0.012, a percentage yield of 78.7 ± 3.41, drug content of 96.81 ± 3.64%, and entrapment efficiency of 83.61 ± 1.80%. The morphological data also reveals that the CRL-NCs were nearly sphere shaped, with distinct and smooth surfaces. CRL-NCs were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the results show no chemical structural alterations, even when PS was reduced. NCs accelerate their in vitro dissolution release rate by about three times faster than CRL-MCs (microcrystals). When kept at 4 °C, the CRL-NCs exhibit good physical stability for six months. As a result, the CRL-NCs created via emulsion-diffusion followed by HPH with stabilisers can be used to increase the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of poorly soluble or lipophilic drugs.

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27

Nuruddin, Md, Gamini P. Mendis, Kyungyeon Ra, Seyedeh Mahboobeh Teimouri Sendesi, Tyler Futch, Johnathan Goodsell, Andrew J. Whelton, Jeffrey P. Youngblood, and John A. Howarter. "Evaluation of the physical, chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of steam-cured PET/polyester cured-in-place pipe." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 19 (April 2, 2019): 2687–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319839132.

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Cured-in-place pipe (CIPP), a popular trenchless technology, has gained wide attention for drinking water, sewerage and storm water pipe rehabilitation because of its ease of installation. Here, the physical and thermal properties of steam-cured PET felt/polyester resin CIPPs were studied. 1H NMR and GC-MS analysis was performed to identify the unreacted volatile organic compounds in cured CIPPs and results were compared to uncured resin and laboratory cured liner characterizations. Results indicated that organic chemicals in cured CIPP altered the mechanical properties and may be leached out with water. Significantly, lower porosity, density and amount of unreacted volatile organic compounds were much less in the CIPP's inner layer as compared to its outer layer. Water conditioning was conducted to investigate the influence of water on CIPP physical and mechanical properties. No changes were observed for density and porosity for either the CIPP's inner and outer layer; however, the flexural modulus increased slightly due to unreacted organic chemical leaching from the CIPPs.

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28

Toma, Ovidiu, Vlad-Andrei Antohe, Ana-Maria Panaitescu, Sorina Iftimie, Ana-Maria Răduţă, Adrian Radu, Lucian Ion, and Ştefan Antohe. "Effect of RF Power on the Physical Properties of Sputtered ZnSe Nanostructured Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications." Nanomaterials 11, no. 11 (October 25, 2021): 2841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11112841.

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Zinc selenide (ZnSe) thin films were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering in specific conditions, onto optical glass substrates, at different RF plasma power. The prepared ZnSe layers were afterwards subjected to a series of structural, morphological, optical and electrical characterizations. The obtained results pointed out the optimal sputtering conditions to obtain ZnSe films of excellent quality, especially in terms of better optical properties, lower superficial roughness, reduced micro-strain and a band gap value closer to the one reported for the ZnSe bulk semiconducting material. Electrical characterization were afterwards carried out by measuring the current–voltage (I-V) characteristics at room temperature, of prepared “sandwich”-like Au/ZnSe/Au structures. The analysis of I-V characteristics have shown that at low injection levels there is an Ohmic conduction, followed at high injection levels, after a well-defined transition voltage, by a Space Charge Limited Current (SCLC) in the presence of an exponential trap distribution in the band gap of the ZnSe thin films. The results obtained from all the characterization techniques presented, demonstrated thus the potential of ZnSe thin films sputtered under optimized RF plasma conditions, to be used as alternative environmentally-friendly Cd-free window layers within photovoltaic cells manufacturing.

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29

Kragović, Milan, Nenad Ristić, Jelena Gulicovski, Andrijana Nedeljković, Snežana Pašalić, Ivica Ristović, and Marija Stojmenović. "Application of Lignite Combustion Waste Slag Generated in Heating Plants as a Partial Replacement for Cement. Part II: Physical–Mechanical and Physical–Chemical Characterization of Mortar and Concrete." Minerals 11, no. 9 (August 27, 2021): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11090925.

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The presented study is a continuation of the research with the aim of finding a useful value of hazardous waste slag generated by the combustion of lignite in heating plants and its application in the construction industry. The different amounts of cement (10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) were replaced with waste slag and silica fumes in mortars and concrete production. Detailed physical–mechanical characterization was performed on the mortar and concrete samples according to standard procedures. Test results indicated that the replacement of cement with slag and silica fumes reduces the physical and mechanical properties of mortar and concrete, but cement composites retained the required structural properties. If 15–20% is considered an acceptable level of compressive strength decrease, then it can be concluded that waste slag can be implemented in practice and be used as a construction material, with cement replacement in the maximal amount of 20% (17.8% of slag and 2.2% of silica fumes). On hardened mortar samples with maximal possible cement replacement (20%), physical–chemical characterizations were performed and included X-ray and infrared spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. Results showed the absence of new phases and the presence of only those which were characteristic for starting samples, predominantly portlandite, quartz, calcite and calcium silicate-oxide.

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30

., F. M. Adebiyi, I. Akpan ., E. I. Obiajunwa ., and H. B. Olaniyi . "Chemical/Physical Characterization of Nigerian Honey." Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 3, no. 5 (August 15, 2004): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2004.278.281.

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31

Pádua, J. G., J. Duarte Filho, C. M. Caproni, R. V. da Mota, L. E. C. Antunes, and E. L. do Carmo. "PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF STRAWBERRY CULTIVARS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 842 (August 2009): 891–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2009.842.196.

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32

Streng, William H. "Physical chemical characterization of drug substances." Drug Discovery Today 2, no. 10 (October 1997): 415–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6446(97)01077-5.

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33

Nuchdang, Sasikarn, Wilasinee Kingkam, Orapun Leelanupat, and Dussadee Rattanaphra. "Study on Preparation and Characterization of La₂O₃ Derived from Thai Monazite Ore Processing Supported Coal Fly Ash Catalyst." Key Engineering Materials 861 (September 2020): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.861.365.

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This research aims to study the preparation and characterization of La2O3 supported coal fly ash catalyst. Studied La2O3 and coal fly ash (CFA) were obtained from Thai monazite ore processing and local supplier, respectively. The catalyst was prepared by wet impregnation method. The influences of La2O3 loading and impregnation temperature on the chemical composition, crystalline phase and surface morphology of the catalyst were examined by varying the amount of La2O3 (5, 10 and 20 wt%) and the impregnation temperature (room temperature, 100, 150 and 200 °C). Characterizations such as WDXRF, XRD and SEM were carried out. The XRD results demonstrated that the La2O3 was highly dispersed on the CFA support. A high La2O3 loading resulted in an increase free CaO dissolvation during the impregnation which inhibited the interaction between SiO2 and La2O3. The impregnation temperature had no significant effect on the chemical and physical properties of the catalyst. The coexist of Fe3O4 in the CFA support might impact to hinder the incorporation of La2O3 into SiO2 matrix.

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34

Abdel-Khadir, M. S., A. Dadi Mahamat, Abakar Ali, Mahamoud Y.K, and S. Gaye. "GEOTECHNICAL STUDY AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOILS OF THREE QUARRIES IN THE CITY OF ABECHE IN CHAD." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 05 (May 31, 2023): 318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16883.

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This article focus on the geotechnical and physicochemical studies of soils from three sites in the city of AbÃ©chÃ©. The article presents the locations of the sampling sites, experimental devices, and some physical parameters. Prior to the geotechnical study, a physicochemical characterization of soil from different quarries was conducted, including wetting-drying tests, capillary water absorption tests, and desorption isotherms of bricks. Finally, geotechnical characterizations of three soils were performed, including analyses of grain size by sieving and sedimentometry, Atterberg limits, methylene blue tests, and the bulk density of solid particles. The results showed that the different soils were very similar, being of a low-plasticity loam and clay type. The results also showed that the organic matter content in the different soils was very low and that the average pH value of the three sites was around 7.1, which is neutral with a slightly basic tendency.

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35

Da Silva, Ednei Bruce, Antônio Estanislau Sanches, David Barbosa de Alencar, Mike Jordan Braz Izel, Camily Murrieta Vasconcelos Oliveira Bezerra, Francisco Carlos Tavares Amorim, and Aline dos Santos Pedraça. "The Study of the Physical and Chemical Behavior of Activated Carbon in the Permeable Concrete for Light Traffic Paving." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 9 (September 30, 2019): 175–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss9.1723.

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The water treatment processes in which microorganisms act are margin filtration, slow filtration and biological activated carbon (CAB) [2]. For this research, a study of permeable concrete with the addition of 2% activated carbon for light traffic paving was performed. The objective of this research is to identify the feasibility of using this concrete so that filtered water can reach at least the basic sanitation networks, with a better quality to be treated. For this, characterizations of the quality of the concrete component materials were made with a novelty, using the fine aggregate (sand). After the characterizations, the permeable concrete traces with mechanical strength of 30MPa were made. Dosing analyzes followed with molding, curing and rupture of concrete specimens. The results of the arithmetic mean of the axial compression of conventional concrete at 28 days were 34.2 MPa and the concrete with the addition of activated carbon was 32.2 MPa, reaching the expectations of strength. Complementary experiments were performed for the quality of the water filtered by the CP's, the pH, the alkalinity and the chlorine content were analyzed. The pH of the conventional concrete found was 7.6 and the concrete with the addition of activated carbon was between 7.2 and 6.8, which may be the best result found

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Lima de Paula, Igor, Eduarda Barbosa Scaldini Teixeira, Júlia d’Almeida Francisquini, Rodrigo Stephani, Ítalo Tuler Perrone, Antônio Fernandes de Carvalho, and Luiz Fernando Cappa de Oliveira. "Buffalo powder dairy products with and without lactose hydrolysis: Physical-chemical and technical-functional characterizations." LWT 151 (November 2021): 112124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112124.

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Abdelaty, Momen, Abdel Hussien, Mohamed El-gaby, Mohamed Gad-Elkareem, Sayed Abas, Yasser Saddeek, Dirk Kuckling, and Kamal Ali. "The Effect of Different Acid Chloride on Physical and Chemical Characterizations of Aryledinecycloalkanone Unsaturated Copolyesters." International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry 16, no. 2 (March 27, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/irjpac/2018/40643.

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Bijani, S., R. Fortunato, M. V. Martínez de Yuso, F. A. Heredia-Guerrero, E. Rodríguez-Castellón, I. Coehloso, J. Crespo, and J. Benavente. "Physical–chemical and electrical characterizations of membranes modified with room temperature ionic liquids: Age effect." Vacuum 83, no. 10 (June 2009): 1283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2009.03.024.

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Kumar, Rajeev, Gaurav Mago, Venkatesh Balan, and Charles E. Wyman. "Physical and chemical characterizations of corn stover and poplar solids resulting from leading pretreatment technologies." Bioresource Technology 100, no. 17 (September 2009): 3948–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.01.075.

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Viana, I. T. S., G. V. A. Fonseca, G. H. Bueno, and J. O. F. Melo. "Physical, Chemical-physical and chemical characterization of must and integral juice in grape cultivars." Scientific Electronic Archives 10, no. 3 (June 20, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36560/1032017452.

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In recent years there has been an important increase in the production of grape derivatives such as integral grape juice. Thus, it was intended with the accomplishment of this study to evaluate the composition of the grape juice of the grape cultivars: Bordô, Concord e Isabel in the composition of integral grape juice from the Bento Gonçalves-RS. The samples were evaluated for classical analysis:°Brix, pH, titratable acidity, ratio Brix / titratable acidity made through methods, physics, physical chemistry and chemistry. The mineral elements sodium and potassium analyzed by flame emission and color intensity by colorimetry. For the statistical analysis of the data, the Tukey test was applied at the 5% level of significance. The contents of integral grape juice evaluated, SS, A Tand minerals presented according to the legislation, the pH was within the comparative average with other works. The determination of the color demonstrated the need to make cuts.

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Arshad, M. A., and G. M. Coen. "Characterization of soil quality: Physical and chemical criteria." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 7, no. 1-2 (June 1992): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300004410.

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AbstractThe impact of soil degradation on human welfare and the global environment presents a major challenge. A significant decline in soil quality has occurred worldwide through adverse changes in its physical, chemical and biological attributes and contamination by inorganic and organic chemicals. There is a need to develop criteria to evaluate soil quality so that the progress of any corrective action required by the international community can be monitored.There currently are no generally accepted criteria to evaluate changes in soil quality. This lack impedes the design and evaluation of meaningful soil management programs. This paper examines the principal physical and chemical attributes that can serve as indicators of a change in soil quality under particular agroclimatic conditions. Proposed indicators include soil depth to a root restricting layer, available water-holding capacity, bulk density/penetration resistance, hydraulic conductivity, aggregate stability, organic matter, nutrient availability/retention capacity, pH, and where appropriate, electrical conductivity and exchangeable sodium. We also discuss the justification for selecting these key attributes, their measurement, critical limits for monitoring changes in soil productivity, and future research needs in soil quality.

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Spinella, N., C. Galati, and L. Renna. "Inkjet Printing of Controlled ZnO Nanoparticles Layering." Journal of Materials and Applications 8, no. 1 (May 15, 2019): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jma.2019.8.1.34.

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Controlled layering of functional material can produced a versatile film with specific chemical and physical proprieties for desirable applications. This article presented inkjet multilayer structures of ZnO nanoparticles of specific layer morphology and thickness for the development of devices where a high surface-to-volume ratio is required (e.g. micro gas sensors). Stacked multilayers were stratified through a multi-run printing process suitable to produce large-square pattern on flat silicon support. The formation of a multilayer structure was demonstrate through an extended structural characterization of the resulting film. Printed layer morphology was investigated with optical and scanning electron microscopies; atomic force microscopy profiling characterizations were conducted over the entire printed area to evaluate the pattern reproducibility. Finally, a preliminary study as gas sensing film was performed, using the alcohol/ZnO interaction experiments.

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Li, Yongyi, Lev Vernik, Mark Chapman, and Joel Sarout. "Introduction to this special section: Rock physics." Leading Edge 38, no. 5 (May 2019): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle38050332.1.

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Rock physics links the physical properties of rocks to geophysical and petrophysical observations and, in the process, serves as a focal point in many exploration and reservoir characterization studies. Today, the field of rock physics and seismic petrophysics embraces new directions with diverse applications in estimating static and dynamic reservoir properties through time-variant mechanical, thermal, chemical, and geologic processes. Integration with new digital and computing technologies is gradually gaining traction. The use of rock physics in seismic imaging, prestack seismic analysis, seismic inversion, and geomechanical model building also contributes to the increase in rock-physics influence. This special section highlights current rock-physics research and practices in several key areas, namely experimental rock physics, rock-physics theory and model studies, and the use of rock physics in reservoir characterizations.

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Schiavo, Loredana, Lucrezia Aversa, Roberta Tatti, Roberto Verucchi, and Gianfranco Carotenuto. "Structural Characterizations of Palladium Clusters Prepared by Polyol Reduction of [PdCl4]2−Ions." Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9073594.

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Palladium nanoparticles are of great interest in many industrial fields, ranging from catalysis and hydrogen technology to microelectronics, thanks to their unique physical and chemical properties. In this work, palladium clusters have been prepared by reduction of [PdCl4]2−ions with ethylene glycol, in the presence of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) as stabilizer. The stabilizer performs the important role of nucleating agent for the Pd atoms with a fast phase separation, since palladium atoms coordinated to the polymer side-groups are forced at short distances during nucleation. Quasispherical palladium clusters with a diameter of ca. 2.6 nm were obtained by reaction in air at 90°C for 2 hours. An extensive materials characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and other characterizations (TGA, SEM, EDS-SEM, and UV-Vis) has been performed in order to evaluate the structure and oxidation state of nanopalladium.

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Li, Rongsheng, Junyao Yu, Bing Yao, Zhenjia Zhou, Guowen Yuan, Jie Xu, and Libo Gao. "Thermal stability and high-temperature photoluminescence of chemical vapor deposited MoS₂ in different atmosphere." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 40, no. 5 (September 2022): 052201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/5.0095120.

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Understanding the high-temperature behaviors of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides under different environments will provide a directive guide for the fabrication and application of their nanoelectronic devices. In this study, we investigate the high-temperature properties of chemical vapor deposition grown molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) in different atmospheres through the ex situ and in situ morphological and spectroscopical characterizations. When the MoS2 is exposed to Ar, dry O2, and wet O2 at the temperature of 500, 350, and 300 °C, the etching process starts at the edge and inner regions simultaneously, and the etched trenches are opposite to the outline of the MoS2 triangular shape. We observe a clear redshift of MoS2 in the Raman peak position and the photoluminescence peak position by in situ spectroscopical characterizations as the temperature increases. Moreover, a strong photoluminescence enhancement of 24-fold of MoS2 is observed when exposing to O2 at 300 °C . This should be due to the chemical and physical adsorbed oxygen on the MoS2 surface. Moreover, we find that physical adsorption can be eliminated after vacuum annealing. This study provides a real-time strategy to study the morphology and property evolution of 2D materials at high temperature in different atmospheres. These results will contribute to the applications in future electronic and optoelectronic functional devices of 2D materials.

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Fuentes, Jhunior Abrahan Marcía, Ismael Montero Fernández, Selvin Antonio Saravia Maldonado, Ingris Mary Varela Murillo, Carlos Misael Silva Altamirano, Flavio José Hernández Bonilla, Elvis Geovani Cruz Tejada, Bryan Francisco Castro Dereck, Héctor Zumbado Fernández, and Manuel de Jesús Alvarez Gil. "Physical-Chemical Evaluation of the Cassia grandis L. as Fortifying Egg Powder." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 8 (July 15, 2020): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n8p277.

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This research responds to a new strategy of foods nutritionally modified to improve the bioavailability and quantity of nutrients in the egg. Fortification with iron is one of the most common and the sources that exist to obtain it are varied. Carao (Cassia grandis) is such one of them due to its content of inorganic iron and possible use in the fortification of egg products. In Honduras there are no validated studies on the fortification of powdered egg with iron coming from carao (C. grandis), and its incidence as a potential alternative to treat iron-deficiency anemia. For its achievement, an objective was set out to evaluate the phenotypic, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of carao (C. grandis) to determine its fortifying capacity in powdered egg. Fresh eggs from the poultry farm of the National University of Agriculture and carao (C. grandis) from the department of Choluteca, Honduras were used as raw material. It was determined that the phenotypic characterizations of the carao fruit (C. grandis) were distributed in 11.81% seeds, 9.45% pulp and 78.74% bark. It has a length of 55 cm, a width of 36 mm, a thickness of 30 mm, contains 80 locules and 60 seeds, and the fruit has a mass of 254 g. Fresh carao pulp contains 72% soluble solids, a pH of 5.51 and a viscosity of 200.66 cP. The same, when subjected to dehydration increases 13% of soluble solids, however, its pH-maintains stability.

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Nandiyanto, Asep Bayu Dani, Risti Ragadhita, and Jumril Yunas. "Adsorption Isotherm of Densed Monoclinic Tungsten Trioxide Nanoparticles." Sains Malaysiana 49, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 2881–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4912-01.

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This study evaluated isotherm adsorption of densed monoclinic tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanoparticles. To ensure the prepared particles were dense, experiments were conducted by combining ball-milling process and calcination of ammonium pentahydrate powder, in which all experiments were done with no additional chemicals or solvents. The adsorption process was carried out by adsorbing curcumin (as a model of adsorbate) in the batch process at ambient temperature and constant pH and the results was compared to several isotherm models: Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. To support the analysis, several characterizations were conducted: scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared. Experimental results showed that during the adsorption process, physical and chemical interactions occur simultaneously. The physical interactions happen when the adsorbate molecules attach directly to the surface of the adsorbent, forming monolayer adsorption. The chemical interaction is for the interaction between adsorbate molecules and occurs on above the formed main monolayer adsorption. The results were also completed with the proposal mechanism in the adsorption process. This study is important for supporting the fundamental researches in the photochemical reaction using WO3 catalyst.

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Liu, Zhi-Hua, Lei Qin, Bing-Zhi Li, and Ying-Jin Yuan. "Physical and Chemical Characterizations of Corn Stover from Leading Pretreatment Methods and Effects on Enzymatic Hydrolysis." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 3, no. 1 (December 18, 2014): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/sc500637c.

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Brunet, J., L. Spinelle, A. Ndiaye, M. Dubois, G. Monier, C. Varenne, A. Pauly, B. Lauron, K. Guerin, and A. Hamwi. "Physical and chemical characterizations of nanometric indigo layers as efficient ozone filter for gas sensor devices." Thin Solid Films 520, no. 3 (November 2011): 971–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2011.04.172.

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Davis, J. P., L. O. Dean, W. H. Faircloth, and T. H. Sanders. "Physical and Chemical Characterizations of Normal and High-Oleic Oils from Nine Commercial Cultivars of Peanut." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 85, no. 3 (January 10, 2008): 235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11746-007-1190-x.

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