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1
Bortoli, Laura, and Claudio Robazza. "Italian Version of the Perceived Physical Ability Scale." Perceptual and Motor Skills 85, no. 1 (August 1997): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.85.1.187.
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The Perceived Physical Ability scale developed by Ryckman, Robbins, Thornton, and Cantrell in 1982 was translated into the Italian language and modified to be applicable to children and youth. The scale was administered to 2,546 subjects, 1,269 females and 1,277 males, aged 10 to 20 years. Composed of 10 items, the scale assesses an individual's perception of his physical ability and motor performance. The scale showed good reliability and discriminative capacity. From factor analysis, two factors linked to perceptions of physical efficiency and difficulties with movements emerged. Findings with this scale showed that higher scores on Perceived Physical Ability were reported for males than for females, and for subjects with sport experience than for subjects without. Further, high scores on Perceived Physical Ability tended to be associated with high scores on Self-perception, Confidence with own body, and Positive Attitude when facing motor tasks.
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Heath, Nancy Lee, and Judith Wiener. "Depression and Nonacademic Self-Perceptions in Children with and without Learning Disabilities." Learning Disability Quarterly 19, no. 1 (February 1996): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1511051.
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Nonacademic self-perceptions (social acceptance, athletic ability, physical appearance and behavioral conduct) of depressed and nondepressed children with and without learning disabilities were compared. The nonacademic subscales of the Self-Perception Profile for Learning Disabled Students, a domain-specific self-perception measure, and the Children's Depression Inventory, a self-report inventory of depressive symptomatology, were administered to students in grade 5 ( n=83) and grade 8 ( n=88). Results indicated that self-perceived social acceptance demonstrated a significant relationship with depression only for students with learning disabilities. Furthermore, lower self-perception of physical appearance was related to depression for females but not males. Depressed subjects, regardless of gender, reported lower self-perceptions of behavioral conduct and athletic ability. Consistent with previous findings regarding stereotypical self-perceptions, males reported better self-perceptions of athletic ability than females but lower self-perceptions of behavioral conduct. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.
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Guthrie, Sharon R. "Defending the Self: Martial Arts and Women’s Self-Esteem." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 6, no. 1 (April 1997): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.6.1.1.
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Self-esteem changes among adult women who had been practicing seido karate for at least six months and had acquired the perceived ability to physically self-defend were examined in this study. The research site was a feminist martial arts dojo for women in a midwestern state. Thirty women, aged 26-62, participated in strucured interviews. All of the women perceived improvements in self-esteem after participating in martial arts training for at least six months. These self-esteem changes were perceived to be related to improvement in physical self-perception. Recovery from psychosexual abuse, eating disorders, substance abuse, and growing up in dysfunctional families was another commonly perceived consequence of martial arts training, and most of the participants who had experienced such problems believed their martial arts practice was a valuable adjunct to traditional therapeutic approaches. Significantly, however, they viewed certain aspects of the feminist environment, particularly its gynocentricity, as essential to the self change process. A relationship between the martial arts experience, particularly gaining the ability to defend oneself physically, and other attitudes and behaviors related to self-perception is suggested.
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Ganapathy Sankar U and Monisha R. "Evaluation of aerobic fitness among children with developmental coordination disorder- does individual differences exist." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (October 28, 2020): 6553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3542.
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A characteristic hallmark motor in proficiency marks developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Children with DCD have low confidence in their physical abilities and lower perceived self-efficacy toward physical activities than their age-matched peer-group children without DCD. The study aims to evaluate aerobic fitness among children diagnosed with Developmental Coordination Disorder and to examine whether their lies any individual differences among children, who were suspects of DCD. Twenty children were enrolled in after baseline examination as DCD using DCDQ. Each child completed 6 Minute Walk test and Children’s Self-perception of Adequacy in and the predilection for Physical Activity (CSAPPA). When considering the individual differences among children with DCD, there occurs a different result and cardiovascular fitness trend in children with DCD. Fitness is related to the self-perception of ability among children. This study provides evidence that self-perception ability among children is an essential component that needs to be considered when planning therapeutic intervention to enhance cardiovascular fitness in children with DCD.
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Semerjian, Tamar, and Dawn Stephens. "Comparison Style, Physical Self-Perceptions, and Fitness among Older Women." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 15, no. 2 (April 2007): 219–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.15.2.219.
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This study examined the relationships between older women’s comparison styles, physical self-perceptions, and functional fitness. Participants were community-dwelling women (N= 102, age 65-99) living in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Individuals were categorized as relying primarily on social comparisons, temporal comparisons, or a combination of both styles. Also of interest was whether individuals evaluated themselves positively or negatively when making comparisons. Participants who evaluated themselves positively as compared with others were found to have higher levels of physical self-perception. Analyses revealed that women who relied primarily on temporal comparisons had higher self-perceptions of their functional ability than those who relied on a combination of comparison styles. An avoidance of both temporal and social comparisons was also related to higher levels of physical self-perception.
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Mangum, Michael, Evelyn Hall, David Pargman, and Michael Sylva. "Relationship between Perceptual Style and Ability to Reproduce a Standard Work Task." Perceptual and Motor Skills 62, no. 2 (April 1986): 543–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1986.62.2.543.
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The present study examined the relationship between perceptual style and perception of physical effort. Perceptual style of 10 men and 10 women was assessed by the rod-and-frame apparatus. Perception of physical effort was defined as the difference in heart-rate responses between a standard work task and the subject's self-selected task. Heart-rate response on the preselected standard work task on a cycle ergometer (600 kpm · min.−1) was extremely variable, ranging from 111 to 188 beats per minute ( M = 153 ± 23.5). However, average error between heart rate during the standard work task and the subjects' self-adjusted workload was extremely low (range 0 to 18 beats per minute; M = 5.4 ± 5.5 beats per minute). Pearson correlation of .78 showed a moderate relationship between heart rate and rating of perceived effort, but was nonsignificant (-.12) between perceptual style and perception of physical effort. The data confirm the absence of a significant relationship between perceptual style (i.e., field dependence-independence) and ability to reproduce a standard work task. In addition, these results suggest that there has been possible bias in studies of relationships between heart rate and rating of perceived effort or workload and rating of perceived effort during incremental testing.
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Jin, Yoon-Hee and 김혜정. "Effect of Improvisational Dance Program Based on Deleuze's Physical Theory on Physical Self-perception and Expressive and Creative Ability." Official Journal of the Koeran Society of Dance Science 32, no. 4 (October 2015): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21539/ksds.2015.32.4.45.
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Sood, Richa, Sarah M. Jenkins, Amit Sood, and Matthew M. Clark. "Gender Differences in Self-perception of Health at a Wellness Center." American Journal of Health Behavior 43, no. 6 (November 1, 2019): 1129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.43.6.10.
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Objective: Understanding gender differences in self-perception of health (SPH) and self-efficacy can inform the design of tailored programs to improve health behaviors. We aimed to assess gender-specific differences in SPH and self-efficacy for maintaining wellness habits at a work-place wellness center. Methods: A workplace wellness center member survey was conducted in 2016. Information about SPH and self-efficacy to maintain wellness habits was assessed. Data were analyzed to assess gender differences in SPH and self-efficacy. Results: The survey was completed by 2784 members (mean age, 49.2 years; 68.2% women). SPH was similar between genders despite more men reporting health problems such as hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, and cigarette smoking. Women had higher self-efficacy about maintaining healthy diet, but the difference was not clinically meaningful. Women had lower self-efficacy in their ability to maintain physical activity. Conclusions: In this large cohort of worksite wellness center members, men and women had similar self-perception of health despite higher disease burden among men. Women had lower self-efficacy in their ability to maintain physical activity level but similar self-efficacy for maintaining healthy diet. These differences may inform the design of tailored wellness programs to meet the needs of both genders.
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Colella, Dario, Milena Morano, Laura Bortoli, and Claudio Robazza. "A PHYSICAL SELF-EFFICACY SCALE FOR CHILDREN." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 36, no. 6 (January 1, 2008): 841–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2008.36.6.841.
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The purpose of the study was to develop a physical self-efficacy scale to assess children's perception of personal strength, speed, and coordinative abilities. A 6-item scale, titled Perceived Physical Ability Scale for Children, was presented to a sample of 1914 children, 997 girls and 917 boys, ranging in age from 8 to 10 years, drawn from 15 elementary schools representing different regions of Italy. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the data provided support for the internal validity and reliability of a single factor structure of the scale across sex and age categories. It is argued that the scale can be used for both research and applied purposes.
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Astuti, Novita Putri, and Iwan Wahyu Hidayat. "Gambaran Penerimaan Diri Pada Individu yang Memiliki Extrasensory Perception." INSAN Jurnal Psikologi dan Kesehatan Mental 4, no. 1 (April 11, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jpkm.v4i12019.11-18.
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Extrasensory Perception merupakan suatu kemampuan untuk menerima rangsang atau informasi bukan melalui indera fisik, melainkan melalui pikiran (Rhine, 1997). Individu yang menghayati dirinya memiliki kemampuan extrasensory perception tidak selalu dapat menerima. Adanya kesadaran karakteristik kemampuan diri berbeda dengan orang lain akan mempengaruhi fungsi diri dan penerimaan diri individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran penerimaan diri pada individu yang memiliki extrasensory perception. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian fenomenologi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga orang yang dipilih secara purposif. Teknik penggalian data menggunakan wawancara semi terstruktur, sedangkan teknik analisis menggunakan penelitian fenomenologi deskriptif (PFD). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tahapan proses penerimaan setiap individu tidak sama, hal ini dipengaruhi oleh penilaian dan kesadaran yang dimiliki oleh individu terhadap keadaan yang dialaminya. Faktor pendorong dalam penerimaan diri yang paling berpengaruh adalah dukungan sosial. Semua subjek dapat memaknai proses penerimaan diri terhadap kemampuan extrasensory perception secara positif. Extrasensory perception is the ability to receive stimuli or information not through the physical senses, but through the mind (Rhine, 1997). Individuals who have the ability to extrasensory perception cannot always accept. Characteristics of abilities different from others will affect self-function and self-acceptance. This study provides an overview of self-acceptance in individuals who have extrasensory perception. The research method uses qualitative methods with phenomenological research types. The research subjects were three people who were chosen purposively. Data extraction techniques use interviews, while analysis techniques use descriptive phenomenology research (PFD). The results of the study show that the individual acceptance process is not the same, because it is influenced by the assessment and awareness possessed by the individual towards the situation they experience. The driving factor in influencing self-acceptance is social support. All subjects can interpret the process of self-acceptance of the ability of extrasensory perception positively.
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CIAIRANO, SILVIA, MONICA EMMA LIUBICICH, and EMANUELA RABAGLIETTI. "The effects of a physical activity programme on the psychological wellbeing of older people in a residential care facility: an experimental study." Ageing and Society 30, no. 4 (January 21, 2010): 609–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x09990614.
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ABSTRACTThis experimental study aimed to analyse the effects of an aerobic activity intervention delivered by specially trained instructors to a sample of Italian older people living in a residential care facility. We assessed intervention effects on general health perception, perception that one's health represents a limitation for moderate and heavy physical activity, and positive and negative self-perception. The 36-item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36) was administered at pre-test and post-test to a sample of 22 older people (ten in the control group and 12 in the intervention group) of both genders with an average age of 80.6 years. The findings showed that: (a) the perception that one's health can limit moderate and heavy physical activity decreased significantly in the older people belonging to the intervention group between pre- and post-test, while it increased in the control group; (b) positive self-perception was found to be stable in the intervention group, while it decreased in the control group; and (c) there was no interaction between group and time with respect to both general health perception and negative self-perception. The exercise programme seemed to have a particularly positive effect on older people's beliefs about their ability to master successfully the activities of daily living such as walking and moving objects.
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Tikhomirova, Tatiana N., Kirilka S. Tagareva, Yulia V. Kuzmina, and Sergey B. Malykh. "Adaptation of the Russian-Language Version of the Questionnaire “Intrinsic Motivation and Ability of Self-Perception”." Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal, no. 84 (2022): 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/17267080/84/2.
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Introduction. Motivation is one of the most reliable predictors of success in school, confirmed by the results of meta-analyses controls for intelligence and previous academic achievements. Goals and objectives. This article gives the results of the adaptation of the Russian version of the self-reported questionnaire, “Intrinsic motivation and Ability of self-perception”. It was aimed at measuring two aspects of a student's motivational sphere: their desire to study certain academic disciplines and self-assessment of their educational achievements in certain subjects at school. The age range analyzed was primary and secondary school children. Materials and methods. The questionnaire “Intrinsic motivation and Ability of selfperception” is aimed at measuring the motivation to study such school subjects as the Russian language, mathematics, natural sciences and physical education. The study involved 936 students aged 8 to 16.9 years, 396 primary school children (grades 2-4, 52.3% boys) and 540 adolescents (grades 5-9, 50.9% boys). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFI) and Student's t test were used. Results. According to the analyses of the original model, intrinsic motivation and selfperceptions of achievements factors for each school discipline had very high intercorrelations, which pointed towards a common latent construct underlying both intrinsic motivation and self-assessment of educational achievements. The study reveals differences in learning motivation between primary schoolchildren and adolescents in all analyzed school disciplines. Additionally observed was the tendency towards weakening of interrelationships between scores for learning motivations of various school disciplines in the period from primary to basic school education. Conclusion. Thus, the results of the adaptation of the Russian-language version of the “Intrinsic motivation and Ability of self-perception” questionnaire confirmed the four-factor structure, according to which there is a single indicator of academic motivation for each of the four school disciplines - the Russian language, mathematics, natural sciences and physical education.
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Adeniyi, Ade F., Omoyemi O. Ogwumike, and Faola D. Adewumi. "Perception and Misperception of Health Enhancing Physical Activity among Urban Community Dwellers in Ibadan, Nigeria: Profiling the Underestimators, the Overestimators, and the Realists." Global Journal of Health Science 8, no. 12 (May 6, 2016): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n12p248.
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<p><strong>BACKGROUND: </strong>The ability to initiate and sustain health enhancing behaviour including physical activity requires appropriate self-perception of such activities. This study was conducted to investigate whether a group of Nigerian urban community dwellers are able to demonstrate a good perception of their physical activity behaviour.</p><p><strong>METHODOLOGY: </strong>The study was a cross-sectional survey of 1,153 urban community dwellers from three local government areas of Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria. Physical activity perception was assessed first; by self-rating of their physical activity based on a moderate-level physical activity vignette, followed by comparison with a more objective measure using the Short Questionnaire to Assess Health-Enhancing Physical Activity (SQUASH). Participants were thereafter classified as underestimators, overestimators, realistic actives or realistic inactives. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on physical activity perception of participants tested with multiple logistic regression analyses at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>A total of 604 (52.4%) of the community dwellers were physically inactive, but only 269 (23.3%) correctly rated themselves as inactive, 335 (29.1%) participants overestimated their physical activity level and 2.7% underestimated theirs. The odds of overestimation of physical activity was higher in middle-aged participants (OR=2.16; 95% CI=1.75-3.11) but lower among female participants (OR=0.58; 95% CI=0.30-0.79). Being a realistic inactive was associated with increasing age, female gender and higher income. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>CONCLUSIONS: </strong>About half of the community dwellers were physically inactive with about half of them having a misperception of their activity levels. Misperceptions and realities about physical activity were generally linked to sociodemographic characteristics. A specially designed educational intervention programme may provide more insight to the community dwellers about their physical activities.</p>
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Manella, Kathleen, Kai Williams, and Jon Anderson. "VIRTUAL TELEHEALTH CLINICAL EXPERIENCE TO PREPARE STUDENT PHYSICAL THERAPISTS FOR PRACTICE IN A SNF." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.320.
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Abstract Student training was suspended in most post-acute settings in the United States due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Through a collaborative partnership between a university and a healthcare organization we offered a virtual telehealth clinical experience to prepare student physical therapists for practice in a skilled nursing facility (SNF) setting. 35 students engaged virtually for 80 hours with two clinical instructors. The curriculum included eight virtual learning modules along with four telehealth patient encounters that exposed students to interdisciplinary teams in the SNF context. Students completed a retrospective pre/post Self-Perception of Learning Survey. Results demonstrated students’ self-perception of learning was significantly increased implying an improved ability to practice in the SNF setting. This approach advanced student learning in patient care management, interprofessional practice, and telehealth practice in the SNF setting. Future work is planned to expand the program to include 20 physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech and language pathology students.
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Brenner, Ingrid K. M., C. Ann Brown, Sylvia M. J. Hains, Joan Tranmer, David Zelt, and Peter Brown. "Effects of a Low-Intensity Walking Intervention on Walking Performance Measures in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease." Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences 9, no. 2 (April 28, 2022): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajhms.9-2-3.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a low-intensity (pain-free) walking intervention on walking performance and self-report measures in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Thirty-three participants who experienced intermittent claudication were assigned to either a walking group (n = 18) or a comparison group (n = 15). The walking group performed a structured walking program (pain-free walking, 5 days per week for 12 weeks). The comparison group maintained their usual daily activities. Tests of walking performance included a treadmill test (pain-free, functional and maximal walking distances were measured) and the 6-minute walk test. Self-perception of walking ability was determined using the walking impairment questionnaire. Circulatory measures were obtained from the ankle-brachial index, (ABI). Participants were assessed at the beginning (Week 1) and end of the study (Week 12). Members of the walking group significantly increased their walking performance and self-perception of walking ability, whereas the ABI remained the same. These results show that participation in a 12-week, low-intensity (pain-free) exercise program can enhance physical performance, perception of walking ability and maintain the ABI suggesting that a home-based exercise program is a viable alternative to traditional exercise programs prescribed for patients with symptomatic PAD. Keywords: peripheral artery disease, exercise, walking performance, ankle-brachial index, walking impairment questionnaire
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SANTI, Elena Ancuța, Gabriel GORGHIU, and Laura Monica GORGHIU. "STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF SELF-AUTONOMY, MOTIVATION AND EFFECTIVE LEARNING IN THE ONLINE ENVIRONMENT." Pro Edu. International Journal of Educational Sciences 4, no. 7 (June 27, 2022): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26520/peijes.2022.7.4.19-27.
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The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic changed the global society and generated mutations in all areas of activity, strongly impacting the education system as well. The solutions for the continuation of the educational process-imposed adaptations, changes, rethinking and restructuring of the way in which the instructive-educational approach was carried out until then. The traditional school imported methods, techniques, tools, resources and moved to the virtual space, on educational platforms. In this new context, the resilience, flexibility and creativity of teachers have proven to be fundamental skills for maintaining a satisfactory quality standard, conditioned, however, in many situations by teacher-independent factors: internet connection, appropriate devices or even students’ motivation for learning. Education continued, but the differences between the social categories of students deepened. In the online environment the teacher’s authority is lower, the efficiency of some methods is lost, communication is altered by contextual, environmental factors, students’ interest and motivation are difficult to maintain. Specialists in the educational field state that human interaction in the online environment is artificial, not authentic and does not have the same formative valences as in the physical space of the classroom. After two and a half years of pandemic, in which education took place in the online environment, alternating with periods when teachers and students returned to class, there are both obstacles and opportunities to integrate modern technology in the educational process. The pandemic has shown that today’s school needs to change, to be open to the outside world and to take on viable models and paradigms that meet the current and complex needs of students. In higher education, a number of advantages of online learning can be highlighted, as students generally have independently developed study skills, autonomy and the ability to organize their own training and development process.This investigative research aims to identify the students’ perception regarding the efficiency of teaching activities in the online environment, how their autonomy and motivation for learning has contributed to a quality educational process, despite the obstacles encountered, and to identify useful landmarks for teachers in achieving an education that integrates the online component effectively. The sample of the study included 83 higher education students from Valahia University of Targoviste, Romania.
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Potard, Catherine, Céline Lancelot, and Robert Courtois. "Examining Relationships Between Sexual Risk–Safety Behaviors and Physical Self-Concept by Gender: A Cluster Analytical Approach." Emerging Adulthood 7, no. 1 (January 15, 2018): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167696817750802.
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Sexual behavior is a normative part of the transition to adulthood, with an intensification of the exploration of the links between self-esteem, sexuality, and physical self-perception. This study examined the relationships between sexual risk–safety behaviors and overall physical self-concept, as well as its subdimensions such as sports ability, body fat, or physical appearance. In total, 652 sexually active undergraduate students completed self-report questionnaires about their physical self-concept and sexual behaviors. A clustering analysis described three patterns of sexual risk–safety behaviors for women and men: “birth control in a relationship,” “condom users,” and “risk-takers.” The male sexual risk-takers reported lower physical self-concept scores related to physical competence and masculinity subdomains (sports, endurance) than the two other groups. The female sexual risk-takers expressed significantly higher physical dissatisfaction in social and femininity subdomains (appearance, strength) than the others. A lack of perceived physical coordination was strongly associated with sexual risk-taking for both men and women. These findings indicate that specific subdomains of physical self-concept may be linked to safer or risky sexual behaviors in a sample of young adults.
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Lambert, Anthony J., Tanvi Sharma, and Nathan Ryckman. "Accident Vulnerability and Vision for Action: A Pilot Investigation." Vision 4, no. 2 (May 13, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision4020026.
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Many accidents, such as those involving collisions or trips, appear to involve failures of vision, but the association between accident risk and vision as conventionally assessed is weak or absent. We addressed this conundrum by embracing the distinction inspired by neuroscientific research, between vision for perception and vision for action. A dual-process perspective predicts that accident vulnerability will be associated more strongly with vision for action than vision for perception. In this preliminary investigation, older and younger adults, with relatively high and relatively low self-reported accident vulnerability (Accident Proneness Questionnaire), completed three behavioural assessments targeting vision for perception (Freiburg Visual Acuity Test); vision for action (Vision for Action Test—VAT); and the ability to perform physical actions involving balance, walking and standing (Short Physical Performance Battery). Accident vulnerability was not associated with visual acuity or with performance of physical actions but was associated with VAT performance. VAT assesses the ability to link visual input with a specific action—launching a saccadic eye movement as rapidly as possible, in response to shapes presented in peripheral vision. The predictive relationship between VAT performance and accident vulnerability was independent of age, visual acuity and physical performance scores. Applied implications of these findings are considered.
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Shin, Joon-Ha, and Jin-Young Huh. "The Effect of Achievement goal, Self-Confidence in Sports, and Self-Management Ability on the Physical Education High School Student`s Perception of Error." Korean Journal of Sports Science 27, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 345–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35159/kjss.2018.02.27.1.345.
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Tardy, Anne-Laure, Beatrice Bois De Fer, Salvador Cañigueral, David Kennedy, Andrew Scholey, Simon Hitier, Alexia Aran, and Etienne Pouteau. "Reduced Self-Perception of Fatigue after Intake of Panax ginseng Root Extract (G115®) Formulated with Vitamins and Minerals—An Open-Label Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (June 9, 2021): 6257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126257.
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Background: Unexplained fatigue is a common complaint. When underlying disease causes have been eliminated, lifestyle measures and supplementation can be indicated. Elaborating on clinical findings that G115®, a dry extract from the root of Panax ginseng, combined with vitamins and minerals could alleviate fatigue, this open label study aimed at assessing its effect on perceived fatigue and energy. Methods: Healthy adults self-reporting fatigue (n = 103) completed the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory questionnaire. They rated their perceptions of mental and physical fatigue, energy, performance, and stress at baseline and 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after a daily intake of 40 mg G115® formulated with vitamins and minerals. Results: Compared with baseline values, mean self-perception of general fatigue was reduced by −7.55 units [95% CI: −8.44; −6.66] (−41.8%, p < 0.0001) at 90 days. All assessed perception ratings (mental and physical fatigue, reduced activity and motivation, performance, and stress) were significantly and steadily improved from two weeks after supplementation up to study’s end. Overall satisfaction with the ability of the product to reduce fatigue reached 85% at Day 90. Conclusion: Daily intake with G115® extract formulated with vitamins and minerals suggests an improvement of self-perception of fatigue and energy in a fatigued adult population.
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Bloomfield, Lauren, Elizabeth Lane, Madhur Mangalam, and Damian G. Kelty-Stephen. "Perceiving and remembering speech depend on multifractal nonlinearity in movements producing and exploring speech." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 18, no. 181 (August 2021): 20210272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2021.0272.
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Speech perception and memory for speech require active engagement. Gestural theories have emphasized mainly the effect of speaker's movements on speech perception. They fail to address the effects of listener movement, focusing on communication as a boundary condition constraining movement among interlocutors. The present work attempts to break new ground by using multifractal geometry of physical movement as a common currency for supporting both sides of the speaker–listener dyads. Participants self-paced their listening to a narrative, after which they completed a test of memory querying their narrative comprehension and their ability to recognize words from the story. The multifractal evidence of nonlinear interactions across timescales predicted the fluency of speech perception. Self-pacing movements that enabled listeners to control the presentation of speech sounds constituted a rich exploratory process. The multifractal nonlinearity of this exploration supported several aspects of memory for the perceived spoken language. These findings extend the role of multifractal geometry in the speaker's movements to the narrative case of speech perception. In addition to posing novel basic research questions, these findings make a compelling case for calibrating multifractal structure in text-to-speech synthesizers for better perception and memory of speech.
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Riggen, Katherine, and Dale Ulrich. "The Effects of Sport Participation on Individuals with Mental Retardation." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 10, no. 1 (January 1993): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.10.1.42.
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This study compared individuals with mental retardation participating in either a traditional segregated Special Olympic program or the new Unified Special Olympic program, which is integrated. The dependent variables of the study included self-perceptions of physical ability, social skills, and general self-worth. Actual physical abilities were also compared between the two groups. A control group not participating in sport programs was utilized. Self-perceptions were assessed with a modified version of the Perceived Competence Scale for Children (Harter, 1982). Cardiovascular fitness was estimated with the 1-mi run-walk (AAHPERD, 1984). Sport skills were assessed by use of a standard skills test routinely used for team placement by Special Olympics. Unified athletes demonstrated an increase in social self-perception, which remained unchanged in the traditional athletes. There were no significant increases found in self-perceptions of physical and general self-worth for either the traditional or Unified Special Olympic participants. Both the segregated and integrated basketball participants demonstrated significant increases in basketball skills but not in cardiovascular fitness.
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Nausheen, Fauzia, Corey Young, John Brazil, Timothy Dunagan, Renu Bhupathy, Sambandam Elango, and Jason Crowley. "Confidence Level and Ability of Medical Students to Identify Abdominal Structures After Integrated Ultrasound Sessions." Ultrasound International Open 06, no. 01 (June 2020): E7—E13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1199-1578.
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AbstractDetermine the confidence level and ability of first year medical students to identify abdominal structures using a wireless portable ultrasound scanner.The students were assessed for their confidence and ability to perform abdominal ultrasound. The 5-point Likert survey included questions on their perception about ultrasound as a resource for learning anatomy, physical examination skills, and the quality of the pre-session instructions. Data was also recorded by the faculty about the students’ ultrasound skills and confidence. Goodman and Kruskal's gamma was used to demonstrate an association between the students’ ability to identify the structures and the self-reported student confidence level. Most of the students had confidence and were able to identify the liver, kidney, and urinary bladder, while almost half of them needed faculty help them to identify the inferior vena cava and aorta. The spleen and gall bladder were the most difficult to locate even for the very confident students. The perception of supervising faculty was that the confidence level was low in most of the students and only 13–20% of students felt “very confident” about performing ultrasound. Almost 37% needed encouragement and support and almost 10% of the students were not willing to try to locate difficult organs. Some students started locating the ureteric jet and portal vein. Most of the students agreed that ultrasound is an excellent resource for learning anatomy and physical examination skills. All students suggested having more ultrasound sessions. Most of the students feel confident about performing ultrasound and they perceive that ultrasound can enhance their basic sciences and physical examination skills.
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Ilhan, Aydin, Aynur Bayhar, and Hayrettin Gumusdag. "Investigation of Body Perceptions of Karate Athletes." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): 2190–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211572190.
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Background: Sports are part of the social life we live in. Sports have an important role in the social, physical, mental and spiritual development of individuals. It has a significant effect on the individual's self-confidence, development of his character, being a social person, development of practical thinking ability, and mental and physical development. One of the ways used for the desired body structure is physical activity. They had the chance to reach a new physical appearance through physical activities. They have a new physical appearance and positive thoughts [1]. Self-perception is positively affected by participation in sports. From this point of view, examining it with different variables causes us to learn various ways to increase the effect of self-concept. Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the body perceptions of karate athletes, gender, sport age, and generation levels. Place & Duration: Data was collected in Turkey. Study duration September 2019 to May 2020. Methods: The research group consisted of 303 people between the ages of 12 and 20 who practiced karate in Turkey. Data collection tools 'Personal Information Form' and 'Physical Self-Perception Inventory for Children and Adolescents' scale were used. The relationships between the body perceptions of karate athletes, gender, sport age and generation levels were examined. The obtained data were made according to Shapiro Wilk normality analysis and it was determined that all variables did not show normal distribution. All analyzes were performed non-parametrically Results: The differences in body perceptions of 303 karate athletes in Turkey according to gender, sport age and generation levels were examined in this study, no statistically significant difference was found between the genders, sport ages and generation levels of the participants. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between body perceptions and gender, sport age and generation levels in karate athletes. Keywors: Karate, Body Image, Adolescence
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Morgado, Mariana, José João Mendes, and Luís Proença. "Online Problem-Based Learning in Clinical Dental Education: Students’ Self-Perception and Motivation." Healthcare 9, no. 4 (April 5, 2021): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9040420.
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The physical closure of higher education institutions due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) shed a brighter light on the need to analyze, explore, and implement strategies that allow the development of clinical skills in a distance learning situation. This cross-sectional study aims to assess dental students’ self-perception, motivation, organization, acquired clinical skills, and knowledge using the online problem-based learning method, through the application of a 41-item questionnaire to 118 senior students. Answers were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics analysis. Further, a principal component analysis was performed, in order to examine the factor structure of the questionnaire. Results show that online problem-based learning can be considered a relevant learning tool when utilized within the specific context of clinical dental education, displaying benefits over the traditional learning strategy. Overall, dental students prefer a hybrid system over the conventional one, in a distance learning context, and assume self-responsibility for their own learning, while knowledge thoroughness is perceived as inferior. This online active learning method is successful in improving information and clinical ability (visual/spatial and auditory) advancement in the scope of dental education, with similar results to presential settings. Further studies are required to assess clinical skill development through active learning methods, in a distance learning context.
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Hodge, Ken, and Linda Petlichkoff. "Goal Profiles in Sport Motivation: A Cluster Analysis." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 22, no. 3 (September 2000): 256–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.22.3.256.
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This investigation compared cluster analysis with the mean-split procedure for examining goal-orientation profiles and examined whether the goal-profile groups revealed differences in athletes’ perceptions of their physical abilities. Rugby players (N = 257, mean age = 20.62 years, SD = 3.64) completed a questionnaire assessing goal orientation, perceived rugby ability and competence, and self-concept of physical ability. Unlike the mean-split procedure, in which scores are forced into high/high, high/low, low/high, or low/low groups, cluster analysis revealed groups that varied in low-, moderate-, and high-task and -ego goals. Moreover, no extreme group profiles (high-ego/high-task or low-ego/low-task) emerged when cluster analysis was used. Multivariate results from the cluster analysis revealed that Cluster 4 (low-ego/moderate-task) reported significantly lower levels of perceived rugby ability/competence than did Cluster 3 (high-ego/moderate-task), indicating that ego might be the determining orientation in adaptive or maladaptive goal profiles. The Cluster 3 goal-profile group (high-ego/moderate-task) scored highest on all 3 dependent measures related to perception of physical abilities.
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Amamou, Salem, François Vandercleyen, and Jean-François Desbiens. "Self-Efficacy of Physical and Health Education Student Teachers in the Quebec Context." Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education 12, no. 1 (May 29, 2021): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/dcse-2021-0003.
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Abstract Pre-service training is a critical period for establishing the beliefs of future teachers in their ability to successfully assume their responsibilities as teachers. One of the goals of teacher education programs would therefore be to cultivate a high sense of competence among students. For this purpose, a scale to measure the perception of self-efficacy (PSE) among Quebec physical and health education trainees during teaching has been developed and empirically validated. Teacher trainees (n = 232) enrolled in 3rd and 4th year in the Bachelor of Education in Physical and Health Education (PHE) in four different university programs in Quebec participated in the study. Subsequent exploratory and quasi-confirmatory factor analyses led to the development of an instrument with 19 items divided into three factors, explaining 66.10 % of the total variance. The convergent and divergent measures of validity are satisfactory, as are those of the reliability of the three scales (upper lower limit: .78 to .93). Finally, the RMSR, CFI, RMSEA and NNFI indices show an excellent goodness of fit of the model obtained.
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González-Cutre, David, Álvaro Sicilia, Juan Antonio Moreno, and Juan Miguel Fernández-Balboa. "Dispositional Flow in Physical Education: Relationships with Motivational Climate, Social Goals, and Perceived Competence." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 28, no. 4 (October 2009): 422–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.28.4.422.
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The purpose of this study was to analyze the mediating effects of social goals and perceived competence on students’ perceptions of motivational climates and dispositional flow in physical education. At the beginning of the physical education unit, 779 students, 12 to 16 years old, were asked to complete four questionnaires: Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 (PMCSQ-2), which measured the perception of task- and ego-involving climates; the Social Goal Scale–Physical Education (SGS-PE); the sport competence factor of the Physical Self-Perception Profile; and the Dispositional Flow Scale-2 (DFS-2). The results of the structural equation model showed that the task-involving climate positively predicted students’ social goals (i.e., relationship and responsibility goals) as well as their perceived competence. In turn, social goals and perceived competence positively predicted their dispositional flow. Of the total effects of task-involving climate on dispositional flow, 50% of them were direct whereas the other 50% were indirect. The ego-involving climate positively predicted dispositional flow through perceived competence. The results are discussed with reference to the ability of the teacher to create a high degree of motivation for the students so as to help them achieve optimal psychological states and continue to participate in physical activity.
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Tukaiev, Sergii, Olena Dolgova, Olena Lysenko, Svetlana Fedorchuk, Yurii Havrylets, Volodymyr Rizun, Tatyana Vasheka, and Annemieke J. M. van den Tol. "Amateur sport and emotional burnout formation in high school students." Contemporary Educational Researches Journal 9, no. 4 (November 30, 2019): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cerj.v9i4.4328.
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Practicing sports, as well as physical activity in general, contributes to a healthy lifestyle, helps to prevent numerous chronic diseases, and plays a therapeutic role in addressing a number of cognitive and psychological disorders (such as depression, distorted body image and self-perception, low self-esteem). As regards students, freshmen with higher physical capabilities can better adapt to new college environment, which in turn influences their well-being, psychological state and ability to study. The aim of our study was to detect the level of emotional burnout and individual psychological characteristics of the university students, engaged in amateur sports. It was shown that the group of amateur sportsmen demonstrated higher level of arousal and mobility of neural processes, and lower level of neuroticism, lower level of neurotization, anxiety, psychic tension and depression. This allows us to conclude that the type of nervous system may define the disposition towards the physical activity, and the strength of nervous system determines the ability to achieve success in sports. Our data indicate that practicing sports prevents development of burnout, reduces the negative impact of daily emotional stress, and provides a socially acceptable way to express aggression.
Keywords: amateur sportsmen, typological and personality traits, burnout
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Weiss, Maureen R., and Anthony J. Amorose. "Children’s Self-Perceptions in the Physical Domain: Between- and Within-Age Variability in Level, Accuracy, and Sources of Perceived Competence." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 27, no. 2 (June 2005): 226–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.27.2.226.
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Both level (high vs. low) and accuracy (discrepancy between perceived and actual) of perceived competence are important contributors to domain-specific emotions and motivational processes. Moreover, age differences in level and accuracy of perceived competence have been explained by the sources of information children use to judge their competence. Thus the purpose of our study was to examine simultaneously the interrelationships among age, actual competence, and level, accuracy, and sources of perceived competence. Children (N = 159) completed self-reports while teachers rated their actual competence at a sport camp. Cluster analysis revealed five profiles of children who varied in age, actual competence, perceived competence, and accuracy of perceived competence. These groups were further distinguished by the importance they placed on competence information sources. Results indicate that age, actual ability, and level, accuracy, and sources of perceived competence should be considered simultaneously in research on self-perception and motivational processes among youth.
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Gardiner, Sarah, and Anna Kwek. "Chinese Participation in Adventure Tourism." Journal of Travel Research 56, no. 4 (August 4, 2016): 496–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287516646221.
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This study explores Chinese Generation Y’s perceptions of adventure tourism experiences and their reasoning in deciding to participate. Focus group interviews reveal that Chinese youths have a unique generational sociocultural perception of participation in adventure activities. Much like their Western counterparts, members of China’s Generation Y want to experience the freedom of international travel that enables self-development and maturity, but they also have a strong sense of familial obligation and distinctive cultural beliefs that underpin their consumer decision making. Safety concerns of both the young people and their parents, along with self-efficacy beliefs regarding their physical ability to participate in the experience, can also reduce their likelihood of participation in adventure activities that they consider to be too risky or physically challenging. The study emphasizes that the design and marketing of adventure experiences must consider the unique Chinese generational psychology of this cohort and has implications for practice and future research.
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Liu, Yimei. "Research on the Influence Mechanism of Campus Atmosphere on school bullying Phenomenon of Teenagers." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 7 (January 13, 2023): 358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v7i.4757.
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School bullying does harm to the physical and mental health of bullied students, which cannot be ignored. It not only leads to a significant decline in the academic performance of bullied students and difficulties in academic adaptation, but also reduces their sense of self-worth and easily leads to emotional depression. In this paper, the influence mechanism of campus atmosphere on the phenomenon of school bullying among teenagers is studied, and the research adopts the way of questionnaire survey, taking teenagers as the research object. School bullying questionnaire, Campus Atmosphere Questionnaire and Self-esteem Scale were used to investigate the relationship among adolescents' perception of campus atmosphere, self-esteem and school bullying's behavior. The results show that there is a significant negative correlation between school bullying and the perception of campus atmosphere, that is, the more negative the perception of campus atmosphere, the higher the involvement of students in bullying and bullying others in school bullying. The sampling results based on Bootstrap show that school atmosphere has a negative predictive effect on school bullying of teenagers, and the direct effect is significant, with the intermediary effect accounting for 42.038% of the total effect. The results show that school administrators should create a supportive school atmosphere, so as to improve teenagers' social emotional ability and reduce their possibility of suffering from school bullying.
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Zhang, Na, Xin He, Huanhuan Zhang, Yajing Zhu, and Yan Liu. "Influencing Factors of Physical Activity in Patients with Lung Cancer Surgery and Its Correlation with Exercise Self-Efficacy and Perceived Social Support." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (July 19, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7572530.
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Purpose. The aim of the study is to understand the current status of physical activity in patients with lung cancer surgery, explore its influencing factors, and analyze the correlation between physical activity and exercise self-efficacy and perception of social support. Methods. The General Information Questionnaire was designed for 145 patients, Chinese version of EPIC-PAQ physical activity scale for lung cancer patients. The Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (SEE) is used to evaluate the ability of people to organize and execute motor behaviors in various difficult situations. The Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) was used to emphasize individual self-understanding and self-feeling. Results. The median and quartile of total physical activity scores in lung cancer surgery patients were 73.0 (34.8, 129.7) points; univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in physical activity levels among lung cancer surgery patients with different ages, work status before hospitalization, and perceived disease severity. The results of multivariate analysis showed that age, perceived disease severity, exercise self-efficacy, and total score of perceived social support affected the physical activity level of patients ( P < 0.05 ). Efficacy were positively correlated with perceived social support ( P < 0.01 ). Conclusion. The level of physical activity of patients undergoing lung cancer surgery needs to be further improved. Physical activity is affected by patient age, perceived disease severity, exercise self-efficacy, and perceived social support and is positively correlated with exercise self-efficacy and perceived social support. Medical staff should provide targeted activity guidance according to the age and other characteristics of patients undergoing lung cancer surgery, enhance patients’ exercise self-efficacy and comprehend social support, and improve their physical activity level, thereby promoting patients’ early recovery.
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Dallolio, Laura, Andrea Ceciliani, Tiziana Sanna, Andrea Garulli, and Erica Leoni. "Proposal for an Enhanced Physical Education Program in the Primary School: Evaluation of Feasibility and Effectiveness in Improving Physical Skills and Fitness." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 13, no. 10 (October 2016): 1025–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2015-0694.
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Background:A large proportion of children do not reach the recommended levels of physical activity for health. A quasiexperimental study with nonrandom assignment was performed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of a school-based physical education intervention aimed at increasing the levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA).Methods:Ten classes from 4 primary schools, including 241 children aged 8 to 10 years, were recruited. The experimental group (n = 97) received 4 additional sessions/week of 60 minutes of MVPA for 8 months. The control group (n = 135) continued their standard program (2 sessions of 50 minutes/week). Motor abilities (standing long jump, handgrip strength, Harre circuit, sit and reach), physical fitness (Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Level-1), anthropometric measures (body mass index, waist to height ratio), and self-efficacy (Perceived Physical Ability Scale for Children) were evaluated at baseline and after the intervention.Results:The experimental group significantly improved in the Harre circuit both in males (P < .001) and females (P < .01), whereas physical fitness test improved only in males (P < .001). Males in the experimental group improved the perception of self-efficacy in coordinative abilities (P = .017).Conclusions:The proposed school-based MVPA program showed effectiveness and feasibility. The differences observed by gender highlight the need to use different strategies to increase the involvement of all the participants.
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Erginsoy Osmanoğlu, Devrim, İbrahim Aksakal, and Adem Dağaşan. "Self and other perception in university studentsÜniversite öğrencilerinde ben ve öteki algısı." Journal of Human Sciences 14, no. 4 (November 15, 2017): 3580. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i4.4850.
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All of the beliefs that we have about who we are, are called self-conception. In the first few months of life, the baby learns that it is a separate entity from the surrounding people and objects. Self-awareness, also defined as the ability to self-knowledge and self-understanding occurs when we begin to think that we have a separate existence from every object in the world. In line with standards set by community members on criterias like physical appearance, ability or morality, people compare themselves to others and people try to achieve these standards. The relationship between them is a dialectical relationship that mutually brings both sides into existence. We categorize everything and everyone that we perceive as different and assume that they are not like we are. However, these categories can give positive results as well as negative results. The stereotypes that affect our perceptions and interpretations about other people having language, religion, gender or physical differences restrain the use of fundamental rights and freedoms of many people living around the world on equal footing, and bring along any kind of discrimination, exclusion and restriction.The main goal of this research, according to age group of 18 to 24 ocuurence of the self and the other perception and process of change is examine. The changes in this period which have great importance in personality formation classified nation, race, political opinion, religion, gender, physical differences or in the form of other categories that will arise during the study. Research is designed according to qualitative pattern. The universe of the research is formed of 177 the srudents of the Kafkas University. The study asked question "define to other concept" after participants were asked to write autobiographies. In the analysis of data was used content analysis method.When the data of the research is considered, it is seem that the most obvious factor, which creates self-perception, are the personal characteristics in both gender (women participants more than men participants are). The following characteristics are "education", "hometown", and "family". From the obtained qualitative data, the most remarkable finding is when the women participants were talking abaut rhemselves in other words define themselves; they mentioned their personel characteristics more than participants. Men participants compare to women participants gave less information abaout themselves anf prefer giving explanation abaout the team they support.In the other dimension of the research, the participants what understood from the other concept and what characteristics perceived the other was tried to determine. The findings show that female participants give more importance to personal traits than male participants. Later, they defined groups with different races, nations and political views as the other. It is a surprising finding that religion/sectarian differences come in the last order while the other is defined. Findings include that the gender factor is in the last order, while the other is identified.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBenlik kavramı kişinin kendine dair inançların toplamına denir. Yaşamın ilk birkaç ayında bebek, etrafında var olan insan ve nesnelerden ayrı bir varlık olduğunu öğrenir. Kendini bilme ve anlama yetisi olarak da tanımlanan Benlik farkındalığı dünyada varolan her objeden ayrı bir varoluşu taşıdığımızı düşünmeye başladığımızda oluşur. Fiziksel görünüm, yetenek ya da ahlak gibi birçok alanda toplumun oluşturduğu standartlar doğrultusunda insanlar kendilerini ötekilerle karşılaştırır ve bu standartları yakalamaya çalışır.Ben ve öteki arasındaki ilişki bir diğerini var kılan, diyalektik bir ilişkidir. Öteki olarak algıladığımız her şeyi ve herkesi kategorilere ayırırız. Fakat bu kategoriler olumlu sonuç verebileceği gibi olumsuz sonuçlar da verebilmektedir. Zaman zaman olumsuz olarak değerlendirilen farklılıklar, sahip olduğumuz algılarımızı ve yorumlarımızı etkilemekte, öteki olarak değerlendirilen kişilerin, her türlü ayrım, dışlama veya ön yargıyı beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu nedenle bireylerde (18-24 yaş arası) öteki ve algısının nasıl vücut bulduğu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.Bu araştırmada amaç, 18-24 yaş grubunun ben ve öteki algısını cinsiyet ve yaşadığı bölgeye göre incelemektir. Bireyin kişilik oluşumunda büyük öneme sahip olan bu dönemdeki “ben” ve “öteki” algısı millet, ırk, siyasi görüş, din, cinsiyet, bedensel farklılıklar ya da çalışma sırasında ortaya çıkacak diğer kategoriler şeklinde sınıflandırılmıştır. Araştırma nitel yönteme göre desenlemiştir ve verilerin analizinde, içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma evreni Kafkas Üniversitesinde eğitim gören 177 öğrencilerinden oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmada “öteki ya da diğeri kavramını tanımlayınız” şeklinde açık uçlu tek bir soru sorulmuş, ardından katılımcılardan otobiyografi yazmaları istenmiştir.Araştırmanın verileri göz önünde bulundurulduğunda her iki cinsiyetin de (daha fazla kadın katılımcıların) benlik algısını oluşturan en belirgin faktörün “kişisel özellikler” olduğu ifade edilebilir. Bunu takip eden ve dikkate değer bir yaygınlıkta ifade edilen özelliklerin ise “eğitim”, “memleket” ve “aile” olduğu gözlenmiştir. Elde edilen nitel verilerde kadın katılımcıların kendilerini anlatırken kişisel özelliklerinden, erkeklerden daha fazla bahsetmeleri en dikkat çekici bulgudur. Erkek katılımcılar kadın katılımcılara göre kendileri hakkında daha az bilgi vermiş kişisel başarıları ve tuttukları takım konusunda açıklamalar yapmayı tercih etmişlerdir.Çalışmanın diğer boyutunda katılıcıların öteki kavramından ne anladığı, ötekini hangi özelliklerine göre algıladığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular kadın katlımcılar kişisel özelliklere, erkek katılımcılardan daha fazla önem verdiğini göstermiştir. Daha sonra farklı ırk, millet ve siyasal görüşe sahip olan grupları öteki olarak tanımlamışlardır. Öteki tanımlanırken din/mezhep farklılıklarının son sıralarda gelmesi şaşırtıcı bir bulgudur. Öteki tanımlanırken cinsiyet faktörünün son sıralarda olması da bulgular arasındadır.
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Sakurai, Ryota, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Masami Ishihara, Masashi Yasunaga, Susumu Ogawa, Hiroyuki Suzuki, and Kuniyasu Imanaka. "Self-estimation of physical ability in stepping over an obstacle is not mediated by visual height perception: a comparison between young and older adults." Psychological Research 81, no. 4 (June 11, 2016): 740–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00426-016-0779-9.
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Latorre-Román, Pedro Ángel, Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres, Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca, and José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera. "Physical Activity, Ability to Walk, Weight Status, and Multimorbidity Levels in Older Spanish People: The National Health Survey (2009–2017)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12 (June 17, 2020): 4333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124333.
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Background. Many studies have shown a relationship between physical functioning and health status in older people. Aim. The purpose of this study was to analyze the temporal trends of physical activity (PA), ability to walk, weight status, self-perceived health, and disease or chronic health problems in people over 65 years from 2009 to 2017, using the European Health Survey in Spain and the National Health Survey in Spain. Methods. This study included 13,049 older people: 6026 (2330 men and 3696 women; age (mean, SD (Standard Deviation)) = 75.61 ± 7.11 years old) in 2009 and 7023 (2850 men and 4173 women; age (mean, SD) = 76.01 ± 7.57 years old) in 2017. Results. In 2017, older people exhibited lower values of moderate PA (p < 0.001), a lower number of hours of walking per week (p < 0.001), and worse self-perceived health status (p < 0.001) compared to 2009. These differences are maintained when comparing the sexes. Compliance with PA recommendations was 27.9% and 6.1% (chi-squared = 352.991, p < 0.001) in 2009 and 2017, respectively. There were no significant differences in weight status between older people in 2009 and 2017. In 2017, older people had significantly high percentages of disease or chronic health problems (p < 0.05), number of diseases (p < 0.001), severe difficulty walking 500 m without assistance (p < 0.05), and severe difficulty going up or down 12 stairs. Conclusions. From 2009 to 2017, Spanish older people worsened their PA levels and perception of their health status, and they increased their disease levels, which could be associated with the worsening of ability to walk in 2017.
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Duncan, Michael J., Ricardo Martins, Mark Noon, and Emma L. J. Eyre. "Perception of Affordances for Dribbling in Soccer: Exploring Children as Architects of Skill Development Opportunity." Sports 10, no. 7 (June 24, 2022): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports10070099.
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This study examined affordance perception for soccer dribbling using a mixed-methods approach in male grassroots soccer players. We examined how children construct and perceive skills practices for dribbling in soccer. Fourteen boys aged 10–11 years (Mean ± SD = 10.8 ± 0.4 years) who were regularly engaged in grassroots soccer participated in the present study. Children were provided with ten soccer cones and asked to create their own soccer dribbling pattern that would enable them to maximise the number of touches with a football and then dribble the ball in the pattern they had created for a 1 min period. Children were interviewed to explore their perception of affordances for soccer dribbling. The test of gross motor development-3 was used to assess fundamental movement skills (FMS), and the UGent soccer dribbling test was used to assess soccer dribbling skills. Children self-rated their own ability for soccer dribbling, as did their coaches. Pearson’s correlations were employed to examine the associations between quantitative variables, and thematic analysis was used to explore qualitative data. Results of the present study suggest that those children who created patterns with less space between cones accrued more touches of the football in their dribbling task (r = −0.671, p = 0.03). Children with a higher perception of their own dribbling ability had higher scores for FMS (r = 0.604, p = 0.049). Those children who scored better in actual soccer dribbling had higher scores for FMS (r = −0.746, p = 0.012) and were rated as better dribblers by their coaches (r = −0.67, p = 0.03). Interview data suggest a feedback loop between perception of ability and actual ability, which influenced the dribbling patterns that were created. This suggests that dribbling performance is scaled to the (perceived) action capabilities of the children, and children can act as architects in their own skill development.
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Do, Trung Kien. "Richard Rorty’s Critique of the Self in Term of Interaction Between the Self and Others." Contemporary Pragmatism 18, no. 2 (August 9, 2021): 134–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18758185-bja10009.
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Abstract The experiential self in interaction with an object is not, as Richard Rorty emphasizes, an inherent attribute that exists before real interactions, nor is it an entity with fixed characteristics. What Rorty constantly highlights is that the interaction in forming the self must achieve self-awareness as an entity impacted, acknowledged, and evaluated by others. This line of interpretation leads to two important concepts regarding the self’s formation that need to be clarified: First, when an individual expands his/her ability to manage space outside the reach of his/her physical person and visual perception, it is imperative that the individual is aware that he/she is controlling his/her own body. Second, the reciprocal effect from others cannot make the individual self-aware of his/her own existence as an independent entity if there is a lack of the other’s skepticism and questioning of the subject himself/herself. In this step of the self-experience process, the self’s attributes and its existence in relation to its surroundings are questioned. This article will focus on the explanation of the feasibility of perceiving the self as a form made up of biological premises and the awareness of the self as a living entity with contingent and flexible characteristics.
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Pawlikowska-Łagód, Katarzyna, and Magdalena Suchodolska. "Perceptions of Own Illness among the Elderly as Measured by the Brief-IPQ Scale and the IPIS." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 8 (April 12, 2022): 4665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084665.
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Background: The perception of one’s own illness by the elderly significantly affects the success of diagnostic and therapeutic processes. It depends on the patient’s existential situation, coping strategies, social support and the way the patient is treated by the medical personnel. The aim of this study was to investigate how the elderly perceive their own illness. Methods: The study covered 303 people over 60 years of age who were hospitalized in wards of Lublin hospitals. A diagnostic survey method was used in the study. The research tools were: the Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief-IPQ), Imagination and Perception of Illness Scale (IPIS) and a questionnaire of own authorship. The place of residence in the study population significantly influenced the perception of own illness measured by the Brief-IPQ. Results: The elderly perceived their own illness through the prism of mental and physical destruction. Statistically significant correlations were observed between almost all components of the Brief-IPQ and self-assessed health status of the subjects. Conclusions: Older people’s perception of their own illness is very important in the success of the therapeutic process. The perception of disease is not statistical; it changes depending on the chronicity of the disease, its duration, cultural factors and the doctor–patient relationship. It is associated with biopsychosocial processes that affect the ability to perceive and understand the disease and to take appropriate actions to improve health.
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Keum, Seong Su, Yu Jin Park, and Soon Ju Kang. "Edge Computing-Based Self-Organized Device Network for Awareness Activities of Daily Living in the Home." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (April 3, 2020): 2475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072475.
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Activities of daily living (ADL) are important indicators for awareness of brain health in the elderly, and hospitals use ADL as a standard test for diagnosing chronic brain diseases such as dementia. However, since it is difficult to judge real-life ADL in hospitals, doctors typically predict ADL ability through interviews with patients or accompanying caregivers. Recently, many studies have attempted to diagnose accurate brain health by collecting and analyzing the real-life ADL of patients in their living environments. However, most of these were conducted by constructing and implementing expensive smart homes with the concept of centralized computing, and ADL data were collected from simple data about patients’ home appliance usage and the surrounding environment. Despite the high cost of building a smart home, the collected ADL data are inadequate for predicting accurate brain health. In this study, we developed and used three types of portable devices (wearable, tag, and stationary) that can be easily installed and operated in typical existing houses. We propose a self-organized device network structure based on edge computing that can perform user perception, location perception, and behavioral perception simultaneously. This approach enables us to collect user activity data, analyze ADL in real-time to determine if the user’s behavior was successful or abnormal, and record the physical ability of the user to move between fixed spaces. The characteristics of this proposed system enable us to distinguish patients from other family members and provide real-time notifications after a forgetful or mistaken action. We implemented devices that constitute the edge network of the smart home scenario and evaluated the performance of this system to verify its usefulness.
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Raiola, Gaetano, Tiziana D’Isanto, Felice Di Domenico, and Francesca D’Elia. "Effect of Teaching Methods on Motor Efficiency, Perceptions and Awareness in Children." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 16 (August 18, 2022): 10287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610287.
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Currently, physical inactivity and sedentariness in children are becoming increasingly common, resulting in children’s poor ability to perform basic motor patterns. It is important to find strategies that instructors can adopt to improve awareness of the importance of physical activity for health and wellness, as well as motor efficiency. Two teaching methods can be used: prescriptive teaching and heuristic learning. The aim of this study was to compare these two methods to determine which is the most suitable for developing motor efficiency. An additional aim was to verify the children’s level of enjoyment and self-efficacy through questions on perceptions and, subsequently, on awareness of the activity performed distinctly from perception. The sample consisted of 28 children randomly divided into two groups: HEUR-L, performing activities using heuristic learning, a basic method in ecological approach; and PRES-T, using prescriptive teaching, a basic cognitive method. A motor-efficiency test (TEM) and a survey were administered. A two-way ANOVA with repeated measures was used to test differences in motor efficiency. A Chi-square (χ2) test was used to compare differences between groups in terms of perceptions in enjoyment and self-efficacy and, on a second test, awareness of the activity performed. The results were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Both teaching methods improved motor efficiency, although HEUR-L did so to a greater extent. Differences in perception were found in terms of enjoyment and self-efficacy (p < 0.05), whereas there was no difference in terms of awareness (p > 0.05). Although both methodologies led to improvements in motor-pattern development, heuristic learning was found to be the most effective method to improve motor efficiency, relationships and self-efficacy.
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Krynicki, Bartłomiej, Monika Guszkowska, Ewa Kozdroń, Ewa Niedzielska, Joanna Piotrowska, and Anna Leś. "Correlates and Predictors of Self-Assessments of Health and Physical Fitness Among Female Participants of University of the Third Age Classes." Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 25, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjst-2018-0024.
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Abstract Introduction. We tested how female University of the Third Age (U3A) attendees evaluated their health, physical fitness, and satisfaction with health. We also examined various factors potentially underlying those self-assessments, that is objective indicators of health and physical fitness, their potential determinants (age and financial situation), and potential modifiers of self-assessment (mood, perceptive ability, and education). Material and methods. A total of 116 female participants attending U3A classes in Warsaw aged 50-88 years evaluated their health and fitness on a 100-level visual scale and their satisfaction with their health on a five-level Likert scale. Each participant completed the UWIST mood adjective checklist (UMACL) by Matthews, Chamberlain, and Jones and Yesavage’s geriatric depression scale, underwent the Fullerton fitness test, a hand grip strength test, Romberg’s test, and Ciechanowicz and Stanczyk’s attention and perception test, as well as filling out a specially designed questionnaire. Results. Self-assessments of health were found to correlate with aggravated symptoms of depression and certain components of physical fitness, but not with age or financial situation. Self-assessments of physical fitness, in turn, were strongly correlated with objective indicators of physical health and depression and less strongly with dexterity test results. General satisfaction levels, in turn, were found to be associated with long-term conditions, aggravated symptoms of depression, and financial situation. Conclusions. Overall, our results confirm that self-assessments are a moderately accurate indicator of the general health and physical fitness of elderly people: they correlated to a certain degree with more objective indicators of health/fitness but were influenced by modifying factors, particularly cognitive ones.
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Hatta, Takeshi, Taketoshi Hatta, Junko Hatta, Akihiko Iwahara, Kazumi Fujiwara, Kimiko Kato, and Yukiharu Hasegawa. "Factors Determining Subjective Health Perception Among Middle-and Upper-Middle Aged Individuals." OBM Geriatrics 6, no. 1 (October 15, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2201190.
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In the present study, we identified the factors of cognitive and physical performances predicting self-rated health perception (SRH) using an SRH questionnaire in 660 (298 men and 362 women) upper-middle-aged community dwellers. In addition, neuropsychological test battery and physical ability tests were applied. A multiple regression analysis was conducted using the forced entry method; digit cancellation test (D-CAT1), logical memory test, verbal fluency test, back strength, timed-up and-go (TUG), balancing test, age, and sex were independent variables, and SRH was used as the dependent variable. The results showed that variables of D-CAT1(β = 0.175, p < 0.001), TUG(β = −0.095, p < 0.026) and body mass index (BMI; β = 0.095, p < 0.018) significantly predicted participants’ SRH, whereas other variables, including sex, did not contribute significantly. D-CAT1 exerted the strongest effect on SRH. These findings indicate that upper-middle-aged individuals use their cognitive and physical performances that strongly relate to the prefrontal cortex functions to form SRH. Based on these findings, we discussed the possible effective strategies that the health-promoting staff of the local government can implement to sustain or increase the SRH of community dwellers.
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Gao, Meixing. "Experimental Study on the Effect of Taijiquan on the Physical Function and Mental Health of College Students." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 2022 (September 21, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7346946.
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With the continuous development of education and economy, people pay more and more attention to the improvement of comprehensive quality. College students are a special social group. Now they are not only under enormous pressure of study and employment but also pay more attention to physical function and mental health. Maintaining healthy physical fitness is one of the goals pursued by more and more college students. This paper studies the effects of Tai Chi on the physical and mental health of college students. Taijiquan is a physical education class, divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group was trained three times a week, and the control group was trained once a week. Through the evaluation of college students who practice Tai Chi three times a week and college students who practice Tai Chi once a week, the conclusions are: first, there are significant differences in lung capacity, one-minute skipping rope, and sitting forward bending; second, in self-esteem on assessment, significant differences were found in visual perception threshold ability, somatization, and anxiety factors. The final results are as follows: after 8 weeks of Taijiquan practice, the effect of the experimental group and the control group on the spirometry test ( P > 0.05 ) and the difference in sitting flexion index between male and female students were statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ); Taijiquan was practiced with different frequencies for 8 weeks. After that, the number of skipping ropes did not increase significantly ( P < 0.05 ). That is, different frequencies of Taijiquan practice have an impact on the physique of college students. Taijiquan exercise also has a significant impact on the visual perception threshold ability, which can effectively reduce the somatization, paranoia, anxiety, depression, and other psychological states of college students.
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de Jesus Chaves, Maurício, Terezinha Barbosa Gonçalves Araujo, Alyne Amaral Santos, Emylle Cristine Alves Veloso, Bruna Roberta Meira Rios, and Álvaro Parrela Piris. "Cirurgia bariátrica: o enfrentamento pós procedimento." Bionorte 9, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.47822/2526-6349.2020v9n1p65.
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Objectives: to understand the perception of patients who underwent bariatric surgery and their ability to cope with their new (metabolic and bodily) reality; to identify the physical impact on their routine; and to analyze their body image and view of the changes in their lifestyle before and after surgery. Materials and methods: this is a qualitative, observational research with a theoretical methodological framework based on phenomenology and discourse analysis, carried out in the city of Montes Claros / MG with six people who underwent bariatric surgery, selected by means of the snowball technique, and here identified by pseudonyms. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under the number 3.141.480. Results: the analysis of the reports during the interviews revealed that, before undergoing bariatric surgery,these people suffered comorbidities due to being overweight. In the perception of the interviewees, bringing relief and greater satisfaction as results and being causally linked to affective and psychosocial coexistence are the most relevant reasons for the surgical procedure. Closing remarks: bariatric surgery is of great relevance for the interviewees, improving their self-esteem and confidence, causing a positive physical, emotional, and social impact.
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Romero-Castillo, Rocío, Manuel Pabón-Carrasco, Nerea Jiménez-Picón, and José Antonio Ponce-Blandón. "Diabetes Management after a Therapeutic Education Program: A Qualitative Study." Healthcare 10, no. 8 (July 24, 2022): 1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081375.
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(1) Background: Structured education has been used in patients treated with insulin, promoting their ability to adhere to and self-manage their treatment. We aimed to know the perception and adherence to the recommendations on the management of diabetes in type 1 diabetes patients after participating in a therapeutic education program. (2) Methods: A descriptive qualitative study followed the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines. Patients with type 1 diabetes participating in a therapeutic education program were recruited from February to April 2022. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were used, and transcriptions were analyzed using the inductive qualitative content analysis method. The final sample consisted of 18 type 1 diabetes mellitus patients. (3) Results: A number of patients with type 1 diabetes said that they had improved their glycemic control after participating in the therapeutic education program. Some patients recognized that the chronic disease and the complications complexity generated stress and anxiety. This influenced their usual life, at work, and their interpersonal relationships. (4) Conclusions: In terms of satisfaction, the majority of patients reported a good perception of the quality of the organization, the professionals involved, and the contents of the program. The physical and psychosocial benefits of self-care training have been demonstrated.
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Kempert, Heidi, Ethan Benore, and Rachel Heines. "Physical and occupational therapy outcomes: Adolescents’ change in functional abilities using objective measures and self-report." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.10.004.
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AbstractPurposeThis study evaluates the clinical usefulness of patient-rated and objective measures to identify physically-oriented functional changes after an intensive chronic pain program in a pediatric setting. Past studies have demonstrated the importance of adolescents’ perception of their abilities and measurement tools used for rehabilitation outcomes within physical and occupational therapy; however, these tools used are not often easily utilized or have not been examined with a pediatric chronic pain population. In chronic pain rehabilitation, it is important to have a primary focus on functional improvement not on pain reduction as a leading outcome. This study examines how both self-report and objective physical activity measures can be meaningful constructs and can be used as reliable outcome measures. It was hypothesized that adolescents completing an interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation program would report functional gains from admission to discharge, and that perceived gains in physical ability would be associated with objective physical activities. Further, it was hypothesized that gains in functioning would be associated with mild pain reduction.MethodsData from 78 children and adolescents with chronic pain that participated in an intensive multidisciplinary treatment program completed self-report measures including the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI). In addition, adolescents were objectively monitored for repetitions of selected physical activities for 1 min intervals.ResultsData demonstrated significant gains in all measures of functioning during the program. Correlations between self-report and objective outcomes suggest they are measuring similar yet distinct factors.ConclusionsThe LEFS, UEFI, and objective exercises provide a meaningful way to track progress in pediatric chronic pain rehabilitation. Despite similarities, they appear to track separate but related aspects of rehabilitation and capture important short-term response to rehabilitation. Both measures appear distinct from pain as an outcome. These findings increase our understanding of rehabilitation practices provide opportunities to promote clinical improvement in pediatric pain.ImplicationsThe use of self-report measures along with objective measures can help therapists gain understanding in regards to a patient’s insight and how that may impact their overall outcome compared to the use of a single outcome measure. Viewing these rated measures at any point in the rehabilitation process can be useful to facilitate discussion about challenges they can identify and how therapies can facilitate improvement and functional gains.
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Sukmawati, Ellies. "Gambaran Konsep Diri Anak Asuh di Panti Sosial PSAA 3 Ceger Jakarta Timur." EMPATI: Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial 5, no. 1 (June 9, 2016): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/empati.v5i1.9774.
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One of the challenges for social institutions to prepare foster children ready for their social life is in the process of formation and development of self-concept in children fosterage because these children do not have parents/family. This self-assessment concept picture using a qualitative approach to explore the concept of self-perception in children orphanage which is a cross-nursing, or children who have never known and the affection of his parents. llustration of this concept in terms of three factors: knowledge, judgment and hope that they perceived as a characteristic of the concept itself, and to know the description of these three things unearthed by 9 aspect ability to be critical, self identity, self-image, behavior, physical, moral self, social self, respect self, the ego of individuals in the family. The results of this study can be used as an instrument to create a model of care Alternatives which uses colleague system that gives a positive value in the development of self-concept of children in the orphanage, because they do not have a figure that is nurturing or loving as a parent, so that a sense of the need they can get from the friendship are mutually supportive and mutually reinforcing them. Keywords: Children orphanage which is a cross-nursing (anak lintas panti), positive self-concept, negative self-concept.
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Amato, Alessandra, Patrizia Proia, Gaetano Felice Caldara, Angelina Alongi, Vincenzo Ferrantelli, and Sara Baldassano. "Analysis of Body Perception, Preworkout Meal Habits and Bone Resorption in Child Gymnasts." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 2184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042184.
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The beneficial effects of physical activity on body image perception and bone are debated among artistic gymnasts. Gymnasts seem to be at greater risk of developing body dissatisfaction, eating disorders and osteoporosis due to inadequate nutrition and attention to the appearance of the body. The objective of this work was to investigate the association between the artistic gymnast and a more favorable body image compared to their sedentary peers and if a preworkout high-carbohydrate meal (HCM; 300 kcal, 88% carbohydrates, 9% protein, 3% fat) or high-protein meal (HPM; 300 kcal, 55% carbohydrates, 31% protein, 13% fat) is able to attenuate bone resorption in young rhythmic gymnasts. Twenty-eight preadolescent female gymnasts were examined. Self-esteem tests were used to analyze body image perception. Preworkout eating habits were examined by short food frequency questions (FFQ) validated for children. The biomarker of the bone resorption C-terminal telopeptide region of collagen type 1 (CTX) was measured in the urine (fasting, postmeal and postworkout). Gymnasts reported higher satisfaction with their body appearance compared to sedentary peers. Of the gymnasts, 30% did not have a preworkout meal regularly, and the timing of the consumption was variable. Bone resorption was decreased by the HCM, consumed 90 min before the training, with respect to the HPM. The study suggests that playing artistic gymnastics is associated with a positive body self-perception in a child. The variability in preworkout meal frequency and timing need attention to prevent inadequate eating habits in light of the ability of the HCM to reduce acute bone resorption.