Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Phraséologie du français'
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Misri, Georges. "Le figement linguistique en français contemporain." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H020.
Full textThis research contributes towards the study of different idiomatic expressions in contemporary French language. These expressions may constitute part of a sentence or a complete sentence; they are either idioms, proverbs or common statements. Our objective could be summarized in three points: 1) contribute towards the identification and or the classification of idiomatic expressions in contemporary French language, through the research of effective criteria ; 2) try to diversify the approaches as to best reflect the diversity of the phenomena that characterize the group of stereotyped expressions or their subdivision; 3) to through light on some cloudy aspects of this area of linguistics, thereby creating new avenues of research for future research follows
Nahon-Raimondez, Anne-Marie. "La phraséologie médicale : étude de textes parallèles français et allemands." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/NAHON-RAIMONDEZ_Anne-Marie_2006.pdf.
Full textThis is a contrastive study of French-German medical phraseology based on a corpus of articles taken from French and German medical journals. Their macrostucture and microstructure have been studied. Convention accounts for the distribution of parts and text segments, their linguistic specificities and their text functions together with the writer's communicative intention whose aim is to inform and to influence the reader. The two languages differ above all in the use of some linguistic means. In both languages the articles are unobstrusively biased. The phrasems, metaphorical or not(cf microstructure) bring medical information. The description of the different types of phrasems explains their distribution and the accuracy of their use. Finally the preliminary analysis of macrostructure allows to establish a link between the part of a text and a type of phrasem
Murano, Michela. "Le traitement des séquences figées dans la lexicographie bilingue français-italien, italien-français : une étude diachronique et contrastive." Cergy-Pontoise, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CERG0317.
Full textOur work aims to investigate the treatment of phraseology in present and past Franco-Italian bilinguallexicography. In the first part, we work out our instruments of analysis (terminology and concepts), by focusing on two faces of phraseology : phraseography and contrastive idiom analysis. We analyse the various steps and different ways of access to fixed sequences into bilingual dictionaries, in order to create a schedule for the analysis of macrostructure and microstructure elements. The second part presents the results of our historical investigation about the treatment of fixed sequences in several Franco-Italian bilingual dictionaries, through the analysis of the front matter and of the microstructure. Finally, in the third part we compare the treatment of a fixed sequences corpus, extracted from contemporary bilingual paper and electronic dictionaries
Abrudeanu, Clara. "Analyse linguistique d'unités phraséologiques en vue de la traduction roumain/français." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE2029.
Full textPhraseology is approached here in the light of a Rumanian - French compared analysis. Experiments enabled us to identify the difficulties related to the translation of the phraseological units and to establish their typology. Taking into account the diversity of the problems, it appears necessary to look further into the study of phraseology. To this end, a bilingual corpus of 14 200 phraseological units was made up. The analysis of the corpus enabled us to establish principles of equivalence as well as to highlight important aspects of the phraseological process of the two languages. The results of the analysis are presented in two parts. The first part deals with formal aspects and leads us to an important number of translation rules. In the second part, we approach the semantic aspects such us the verb's semantic, the phraseological variation and picturesque constructions. As a conclusion, we evoke the various applicative prospects of this study
Elhami, Kamran. "Phraséologies idiomatiques du français et de l'anglais : proliférations stylistiques et dimensions sémantiques en traduction." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20041.
Full textThe present doctoral dissertation is dedicated to the problems of form and meaning in the translation of idiomatic expressions of French in English and vice versa. It is entitled: "Idiomatic phraseology of French and English: stylistic proliferations and semantic dimensions in translation". Our hypothesis is to indicate that the idiomatic expressions of the source language can't be necessary translated into the idiomatic expressions of the target language, for linguistic or cultural reasons. Hence, they can be translated into non idiomatic expressions, or even into one word or more. In translation, the choice is considered as a stylistic decision that is directly related semantics. The dissertation is divided into three solid chapters. The first chapter focuses on the linguistic stylistics in order to start the comparative studies in the idiomatic expressions of French and English. The linguistic theories concerning the machine translation have been evaluated. The generative and the stratificational approaches of translation have been criticized in a scientific manner for their separation of form and meaning. We have tried to emphasize that the only possible solution would be the semantic convergence in a free theory framework, rather a syntactic convergence or divergence, since the computer can’t guarantee error-free translations. The second chapter has been concerned about the translation of figures of speech in French and in English. We have tried to elevate our studies of expressions of French and English at the level of phraseology. We have also attempt to combine some of the figures of speech in our comparisons. The third chapter is concerned about linguistic and cultural characteristics of phraseological systems of French and English. We have tried to highlight two types of criterions such as convergence and divergence forms. The only criterion of the equivalent meaning is the semantic convergent rather than anything else
Podliakh, Berthemet Elena. "Lexicologie comparée des unités phraséologiques : zoomorphismes en français, anglais, allemand, russe." Brest, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BRES1007.
Full textThe scientific interest of this work consists of determining the status of the zoomorphism in the language system as well studying its function in the language. The present study focuses on expressions comprising the imagery of ten domestic animals. The work contains two parts. Objectives, methods, identification issues and definition of terminology are to be found in the theoretical section. The practical section is dedicated to the analysis often domestic animals. The work concludes by defining the notion of the equivalence of phraseological units, a determination of phraseological units as complex signs (choice of a referent, factors which influence its development, redefinition of the phraseological unit as a complex sign), a demonstration of the necessity to consider several languages, and finally proposes a new model of dictionary
Bi, Yanjing. "Constructions figées en français et en chinois." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCH027/document.
Full textLanguages are not just instruments of communication. Claude Hagège (2012: 181) reminds that all languages are rooted in a pool of knowledge, sensations, memories, images, dreams, which are the fabric of a speaker's competence. Languages are very complex and multidimensional phenomena. However, it is impossible to carry out a complete study of languages, without taking into account a generalized and pervasive phenomenon: the fixedness.In light of a great deal of progress which has been made by the research on phraseology, we realize that many gray areas still exist; indeed, some true mysteries remain to be unraveled. Contrastive studies have always helped to advance knowledge of language, especially so when the studied languages are typologically distinct. This is the case of Chinese and French, an isolating language in the first case, a fusional language in the second one. This does not always mean that the differences are significant and sometimes unexpected similarities may emerge. There is no contradiction in the simultaneous quest for homologies and the highlighting of differences. A comparison of the fixed expressions in Chinese and French provides a new vantage point which will undoubtedly expand the horizon even if it does not provide true solutions
Vanneufville, Monique. "La conception de la phrase et le renouveau syntaxique de 1870 à 1940 : contribution à une classification des théories linguistiques de cette période." Lille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL30012.
Full textKim, Mi Hyun. "Étude contrastive de la phraséologie des noms d’éléments du corps en coréen et en français." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0011/document.
Full textThe hypothesis on which our work is based is that the comparison of the lexicalization of body element nouns (henceforth, NEC, Fr. nom d’élément du corps) and the phraseology of the NEC between two languages will make it possible to highlight the differences of conceptualization and culture between two societies.According to this hypothesis, our thesis deals with two main themes. Firstly, we study the Korean NEC (henceforth, NECC, Fr. nom d’élément du corps coréen) focusing on the neutral nouns of human external body elements. The NECC have universal characteristics: lexical richness, elements of the basic vocabulary, sources of the embodiment, physio-conceptual universals and their nature of semantic quasi-predicates. At the same time, the NECC show language-specific semantic, syntactic and morphological characteristics. The comparison of the lexicalization of the NECC and the French NEC shows that even if the elements of the body are physio-conceptual universals, there is no univocal lexical correspondence between the two languages.Secondly, we focus our attention on the NECC’s phraseology and its modeling in the Korean Lexical Network, a formal lexicographic model based on a relational conceptualization of the lexicon. We limit the NECC’s phraseology to collocations the NECC control (ex. koga oddukhada, ‘have a high and pretty nose’). Within the NECC’s phraseology, we also take into account the phraseologisation in a word-form (ex. napjakko, ‘flat nose’). We denote this morphological phraseme by the term morphologised collocation, as opposed to the lexical collocation. From the examination of lexical and morphologised collocations which NECC control, we can identify the semantic components of the definition of the NECC. After that, we propose a universal definition pattern of the NEC, which is the foundation of the explanatory model of the NEC’s phraseology. This model is based on the assumption that recurrent components can be found in the definitions of NEC. Different collocations (of the type Magn, Ver, Bon, Real1, in terms of Lexical Functions of the Meaning-Text Theory) are then generated from the semantism of these components. Finally, we compare the description of the phraseology of the NECC with that of the French NEC, in order to observe the various non-correspondences between the phrasemes of the two languages.This work deepens our understanding of phraseology in general and in specific languages (Korean and French), and highlights cultural differences encoded in both languages. It can also find applications in didactics and translation
Pecman, Mojca. "Phraséologie contrastive anglais-français : analyse et traitement en vue de l'aide à la rédaction scientifique : thèse." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE2008.
Full textTrurnit-Verbic, Renate. "Analyse de documents médicaux en français et en allemand dans le domaine de l'asthme : incidences sur la traduction : contribution linguistique à l'aide à la traduction : thèse." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE2009.
Full textThe lack of effective translating tools between French and German increases the difficulties of medical translation. To find a solution we present an analysis of French and German medical texts in the field of asthma leading to a notional review of the field and its lexicon as well as to a description of the phraseological units through their thematic use. The notional approach improves the transfer between the languages. The knowledge acquired through such an analysis could be of use to improve or to create tools to help in the translation between these two languages
Díaz, Rodríguez Cristian G. "Etude contrastive français-espagnol des unités phraséologiques contenant une lexie chromatique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAC005.
Full textFrom a phraseological perspective, colours are one of the most source fields most likely to be reinterpreted. The chromatic phraseological units obtained from this process contain an important evocative force. Besides their potential chromatic motivation, they convey, to different degrees, the cultural and idiosyncratic conventions established by the speech community that created them. In fact, chromatisms are at the same time the reflection of a universal ontological perception and the result of an ethnolinguistic conventionalisation inherent to each language. Through this contrastive study between French and Spanish phraseological units, which contain a chromatic word, we highlight the convergences and divergences between the chromatisms created by those close speech communities
Vicente-Garcia, Christian. "Développement d'une lexicologie orientée vers la traduction spécialisée : traitement de la langue spécialisée du commerce électronique en français et en espagnol." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE2011.
Full textThe aim of this doctoral thesis is to present a systematic approach to Lexicology oriented towards the needs of translators and student translators (LST) as well as its use within the particular domain of the special language of electronic commerce in Spanish and French. This work proposes to contribute towards the articulation of an overarching formal theory concerning Terminology's approach towards translation issues. In addition, it seeks to explore the foundational elements of such a theory, and to offer reflections from a global linguistic perspective on specialised languages and their translation. We shall define and consider an array of translation problems that have frequently been overlooked by established terminological and lexicological theories, and following we shall endeavour to formulate a theoretical solution to these issues. The method is then applied to create a database of the special language of electronic commerce and a sample of fifty translation cards
Haquin, Yohan. "Traduire les expressions figées de l’espagnol au français." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE1143/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at analyzing Spanish to French translation strategies of fixed expressions. In thisperspective, we have gathered a contrastive corpus of fixed expressions in order to question their semantic,syntactic and pragmatic properties and to discuss phraseology’s fundamental notions such as fixation,opacity or non-compositionality. We also introduce semantic analysis tools : distinctions between lexicalcompositionality and global compositionality, on one hand, and between lexical scene and real scene, onanother hand.The second part of the study proposes a descriptive typology of translation operations observed in thecorpus offering a global view of the strategies adopted by the translators that allows reflection on questionssuch as the equivalence or methods in fixed expressions translation. This typology reveals the width and thegradualism of the variation and correspondence spectrum that we find among fixed expressions.After introducing the theoretical framework and the state of art in the previous chapters, the last part of thethesis is entirely dedicated to the translation dimension of fixed expressions. We examine here theconstrative corpus in order to question the notion of equivalence and to propose a more precisecharacterization of it. In order to have strong and operational criteria for an optimal translation, we propose atranslation methodology based on the study of the source expressions as a mean to identifying translationdifficulties whether they are specific or not of the object
Khanh, Kim. "Analyse conversationnelle contrastive : ajustements réciproques en réunion de travail franco-vietnamienne." Grenoble 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE39024.
Full textPustovalova, Irina. "Les problèmes d'équivalence de traduction des unités phraséologiques françaises et russes." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN21022.
Full textMroue, Mariam. "Ecrit de recherche universitaire : éléments pour une sensibilisation au positionnement scientifique à travers la phraséologie transdisciplinaire." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENL021/document.
Full textThis research formulates some thoughts that are essential to initiate students, non native speakers, to academic writing and help in mastering it. Several questions have guided this study : What role might have the descriptive studies of scientific writing in a successful familiarization with academic writing? What is the point of an introduction to rhetorical functions based on transdisciplinary phraseology and on a so-called genre approach? Is it possible to submit support elements that would be beneficial to all students regardless of their disciplines? An exploratory study of a particular rhetorical function that is "positioning" has allowed us to understand the extent to which linguistic elements, namely transdisciplinary collocations could help students to less apprehend the requirement of an essentially polyphonic and argumentative writing or to further show their positioning in their academic writings
Nguyen, Huu Tho. "Vers une didactique des stéréotypes langagiers français en contexte vietnamien." Rouen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ROUEL433.
Full textThis research consists of three main parts : First, a demarcation of the field of study followed by an inventory of its present day's composition insofar as research is concerned up to now. This study includes a close look at various stereotyped forms, which have gone through a process of lexicalisation before setting in the language. Secondly, the creative aspect of figurative expressions, indeed far from being a sclerosis heritage, still testifies as a poetic and a popular creation. An answer will be given to the question of how the set forms work, as it has been raised in the satirical novel "Le souverain pensif" by Morgan Sportès. It is by means of analysis of this book, considered as unique in its genre, that the phrasal competency of a native French has been measured in order to prove the vitality of language stereotypes. Thirdly, a report on the results of a survey conducted upon teachers and students presents conclusions based on theory and practice. These conclusions have led way to propositions and action plans as regards the teaching of the setting forms in a Vietnamese context thus , enabling a totally nex vision of didactology of culture and language
Ljepavic, Danijela. "Les expressions figées en français et en BCMS : traduction, comparaison." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAC013.
Full textThis thesis makes a comparison between the idioms of the BCMS languages (Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, Serbian) on the one side, and the French language on the other, in the domain of translation.In the first segment, the study begins with the definition of idioms and the criteria for fixation. After the explanation of differences among BCMS languages, we present the corpus of idioms in BCMS and in French, with their distribution within different cultural domains, while distinguishing among three types of idiomatic expressions: literal, transparent, and opaque.The second part is devoted to the comparative analysis of idioms in BCMS and French. It begins with a record of their different origins, after which we examine the cultural foundations of expressions, depending on different domains. We develop a comparative linguistic analysis of idioms, giving details on various compound names and phrases (verbal, adjectival, etc.), and integrating the rhetorical dimension, including metaphors. Finally, after an overall focus on translating, we examine issues found in interpretation and translation solutions for different idioms between French and BCMS
Benigno, Veronica. "La notion de collocation fondamentale : étude de corpus en vue d'une exploitation didactique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENL017.
Full textThe focus of the present study is the concept of core collocation. This term is defined with reference to the core vocabulary list produced by Gougenheim et al. (1964), Le Français Fondamental. Despite the fact that the importance of this list is broadly acknowledged, a critical point is that the analysis of the syntagmatic level was neglected. From this awareness, we develop the main focus of the present research and our basic assumption that the criteria applied to define core vocabulary, mainly frequency and availability, should be equally applied to define core collocations, a key concept in L2 teaching. We define core collocations as significative (the collocational relation), frequent (the usage) or available (essential for accomplishing basic communicative tasks) units representing the most basic co-occurrences of a word. This study aims to define core collocations through the investigation of a sample of collocations associated with ten basic nouns in a lexical area of interest for second language learners, the one of social relations. The corpus that we investigated is frWaC (Baroni et al., 2010), a lemmatized web-derived corpus assembled through automated procedures crawling the Web. The corpus was analyzed using a tool based on programming scripts Perl developed by Olivier Kraif (2011). The extraction tool makes use of frequency, dispersion and four associative measures (mutual information, log likelihood, t-score and z-score) and produces concordance lines. We chose the ten pivot nouns, we extracted the most frequent and available collocations and we evaluated the extracted sample through a comparison between 90 native speakers' intuitions about core collocations with statistical data. The results of the present research can be summarized as follows: - Since the most frequent collocations also received the highest number of votes by the tested subjects, we claim that frequency is a crucial feature in dictating the lexical choices made by speakers. However, some associations represent outliers: they are deviating points from the normal distribution of correlation between frequency and coreness attributed by native speakers. We might conclude that there is a certain linear correlation between the two variables but that this correlation is not systematic. - What is core is not only a matter of frequency, but it also depends on units' fixedness. Native speakers sometimes ignore frequent associations since they have a loose degree of fixedness, being rather free combinations; whereas other times they chose low frequent associations that they perceive as being very fixed. This study finally draws important pedagogical implications. The analysis of core collocations in the semantic area of “social relations” served us to explain which criteria can be adopted to run a filter across the wide set of phraseological units a given word produces, helping L2 teachers to find criteria to select the essential items to be taught first
Pausé, Marie-Sophie. "Structure lexico-syntaxique des locutions du français et incidence sur le combinatoire." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0185/document.
Full textAs semantically non-compositional phrases, idioms are lexical units. Consequently, they must have their own entries in a lexical resource, with a lexicographic definition and grammatical characteristics. Furthermore, because of their phrasal signifier, idioms show – to varying degrees – a formal flexibility (passivization, attachment of modifiers, substitution of components,etc.)Our thesis defends the view that a description of idioms that combine identification of their lexical components and identification of dependency links between these components will permit to predict their formal variations. Such a description is possible only in a model of lexicon that describes precisely combinatorial proprieties of lexical units. Our thesis, based on the Explanatory Combinatorial Lexicology’s framework, exploits and enhances the data of the French Lexical Network (fr-LN). This resource is being developed at the laboratory ATILF (Nancy, France).The thesis makes two principal contributions to the study of phraseology. The first contribution is the development of a precise description of idioms’ lexico-syntactic structures. The second contribution is the indentification and the study of structural, syntactic and lexical variations linked to idioms’ formal flexibility. Idioms’ formal variations are correlated with their lexico-syntactic structures, but also with their lexicographic definitions. This work leads us to introduce the notion of structural projection, that plays a central role in the continuum of idiom’s formal flexibility
Tran, Thi Thu Hoai. "Description de la phraséologie transdisciplinaire des écrits scientifiques et réflexions didactiques pour l'enseignement à des étudiants non-natifs : application aux marqueurs discursifs." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENL022/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes a new approach to scientific writings which takes discourse markers as starting point. It is part of the framework of French for Academic Purposes. In this work, we are particularly interested in multi-word discourse markers and we integrate them into a broader concept of phraseology. The particularity of this work lies in linking linguistic descriptions of discourse markers and didactic transposition of these tokens with a corpus, which is still little discussed in the didactic francophone field. We aim to meet two main objectives of linguistic and didactic nature. The linguistic objectives are to set up a model for analyzing multi-word discourse markers that combines both syntactic and semantic properties and is totally reconfigurable to other discourse markers. Linguistic analyses will then be used for the teaching/learning of these units. For didactic purposes, this research aims to develop a methodology for teaching/learning discourse markers from the observation of the corpus. Methodological considerations proposed in the framework of the thesis provide attractive ways for teaching/learning these language elements and for making access to the academic writings easier to non-native students
Strehler, René. "Étude d'unités phraséologiques en portugais du Brésil : aspects théoriques et application à la traduction : thèse." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE2007.
Full textDavidsdóttir, Rosa Elin. "La lexicographie bilingue islandais-français : proposition d’articles pour un dictionnaire islandais-français avec une attention particulière au traitement des locutions figées et semi-figées." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040035.
Full textThis doctoral thesis on bilingual lexicography, and more precisely on lexicography between Icelandic and French, aims to lay the foundations for a new Icelandic-French dictionary that will be available on-line. To that purpose, we write entries for an Icelandic-French dictionary based on a new lexicographical database for Icelandic (ISLEX). The focus is on the needs of Icelandic users who wish to express themselves in French. However, it is clear that an Icelandic-French dictionary will also be useful for French speakers. Through our lexicographical treatment, we pay special attention to the syntagmatic analysis and to the presentation of more or less fixed phraseological units in a bilingual dictionary such as collocations and set phrases, since we consider that a good bilingual dictionary should take phraseological units into account. Having studied the role and the ideal structure of bilingual dictionaries according to the various functions that they can have, the encoding one and the decoding one, we then discuss phraseology and the importance of set phrases in bilingual dictionaries. The microstructure of our articles is then presented as well as the tools and resources on which we base our work. The outcome of our reflection on the writing of a new Icelandic-French dictionary is shown in the form of dictionary entries followed by remarks where an account is given of the way in which some lexicographical problems are tackled and our lexicographical choices are explained
Violet, Alice. "La question du figement dans les syntagmes prépositionnels sans déterminant de l’anglais et du français." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040165.
Full textAlthough previous research has shown that bare nouns are particularly frequent in prepositional phrases, the mechanisms underlying their use in PPs remain a relatively understudied topic. This thesis presents the results of a synchronic, corpus-based analysis of several groups of English and French spatio-temporal PPs. The case studies show that determinerless PPs are syntactically, lexically, semantically and pragmatically highly heterogeneous, ranging from fully fixed, opaque expressions to transparent, modifiable and productive sequences. The corpus data does not support the hypothesis of a unified, strictly grammatical phenomenon. However, these PPs cannot be explained away as a mere collection of unrelated anomalies; some of them cluster into productive sub-groupings in which marked syntax correlates with marked meaning. The differences between the French and English PPs can pertain either to the productivity of the groupings, or to their semantic and/or pragmatic properties. In the latter case, the contrasts reflect the place and salience of bare noun constructions in each language. The application of constructional analysis to the PPs is shown to be an illuminating way of accounting for their integration into the linguistic system whilst allowing for a fine-grained typology. This thesis argues that a greater interaction between phraseology and construction grammar would be of particular interest for the study of phraseological “patterns” and syntactically marked multi-word constructs
Zermane, Aymene. "Etude terminologique et phraséologique multilingue (anglais, français, arabe) des textes de l'Organisation des Nations Unies sur le commerce électronique." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2126.
Full textThis research is a multilingual study (English, French and Arabic) of the terminology and phraseology of the texts of the United Nations on e-commerce. This research focuses on the modes of adaptation of e-commerce terminology and phraseology into Arabic. In the theoretical part, we have defined the field of electronic commerce, its various models and the links and differences it has with the electronic business and the knowledge economy. The goal was to establish the domain tree that will facilitate the understanding of its conceptual system. Subsequently, we addressed the fundamentals and the theories of terminology and phraseology. We have also presented the theory and the practice of corpus linguistics principles. The purpose of this step was to choose the analysis methodology applied to the data of the corpus of extracted from the "United Nations multilingual Corpora”. In the practical part, we analyzed the following issues: how the Arabic language applies its lexical and semantic resources to adapt the new terms and integrate them into its grammatical and syntactic systems. Then we proceeded to the treatment of the phraseology and the different forms of phraseological units. Through this study, we have drawn attention the issue of standardization in terminology. Aiming to enrich the content of the Arabic language on the web, we worked on the localization of an ontology into Arabic of a list of e-commerce terms
Espinat, Marine. "L’emploi d’unités polylexématiques idiomatiques à l’oral : Aspects linguistiques et psycho-cognitifs (corpus allemand et français)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040154.
Full textThis work set out to study polylexematic units (complex words, phrases or utterances) in their use in oral interaction. The research is grounded in the framework of conversation analysis on the one hand, with the data coming from a German and French corpus comprised of twelve hours worth’ of phone-in radio. It also relies on discourse analysis insofar as particular attention is paid to the type of discourse under scrutiny, marked by emotionally and experientially charged stories. What specific features characterize idiomatic polylexematic units in use? What specificities are brought to light, especially at the cognitive level? What is their actual extent in oral interaction? Do they hinder or facilitate mutual understanding? Those are the issues at stake in this work. At the nanostructural level, the discursive environment of the units under scrutiny reveals features such as their communicative polyfunctionality or their nodality in speech. At the microstructural level, the analysis of the exchanges brings to light functions of illustration, dissimulation and representation as well as these units’ disposition for cognitive persistence. These observations make apparent the fundamental properties of the units at stake in this work: stability and idiomaticity. They nevertheless take on a whole new dimension and appear in different forms when confronted to a corpus of oral interaction
Bidarmaghz, Raha. "Lexique et compétence lexicale dans le domaine de l’enseignement du FLE : enjeux fonctionnels et propositions didactiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0249.
Full textThe thesis is part of teaching French as a Foreign Language (FLE) and more specifically that of the lexicon. Given the open, multiple and complex nature of the lexical units, we sought to define this area of competence on the one hand by relying on the confrontation of methodological models and didactic materials, and on the other hand by circumscribing a field of 'application. The goal is to arrive at didactical propositions that are in line with the teaching and learning objectives of the lexicon in French as a foreign language and which are inspired by the theoretical descriptions of the lexical system which seemed to us the most productive. The thesis has three parts of unequal importance. The first is a historical review of the main methodologies of FLE. We start from the notion of eclecticism and constitutive heterogeneity, borrowed from C. Puren (1988), to emphasize the variety and complexity of the teaching practices themselves as well as the psychological and linguistic theories underlying them. From this first panorama emerge the founding works of Gougenheim (1967) and Galisson (1979) for their respective contributions on the effective vocabulary in ordinary situations (Gougenheim)and its cultural determinations (Galisson). Parallel to this work, the communicative approach of FLE teaching arose with the Threshold Level (1976) developed within the framework of CREDIF by the team of a specialist in verbal interactions, E. Roulet. We conclude this methodological framework by comparing different FFL textbooks, chosen for their exemplary of this or that current. The vocabulary activities have been the thread of our observations of these manuals. The second part is devoted to the contributions of linguistics in the description of the lexicon. Two central notions guided our work: the notion of construction and phraseological uses. The concept of construction is used here with two distinct meanings: the first refers to the “construction of the lexicon” and the words “built”, and we have considered it by favoring the derivation operations. The analyzes of D. Apothéloz (2002, 2005) have been invaluable. The second meaning of construction brings us closer to phraseology: it is the meaning that combines syntax and semantics. It was I. Novakova (2015), C. Cavalla & V. Labre (2009), I. Gonzalez Rey (2002; 2014) and D. Legallois (2014) who inspired us mainly. In order to narrow our point and to avoid the pitfall of theoretical generalities, we took the side of a lexical thematic. This is what we call "business transaction situations" and we prefer more closed choices such as "market" or "buy a plane ticket". Finally, our thesis closes, in its third part, on didactic propositions where we privilege the communication exchanges and the speeches of the everyday life (the publicity). We present classroom activities that remain to be expanded and expanded before being tested. In addition to these activities, we question the practical interest of a teacher in compiling his collection of documents and conclude on the notion of learning threshold valid for lexical competence
Barbier, Marie-Christine. "L' impact du français sur le grec dans les domaines du social, de l'économie et de la politique à travers les journaux "Vima" et "Iconomicos Tachydromos"." Paris, INALCO, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INAL0009.
Full textThe influence of French on modern Greek, studied through a recent corpus (1987-1992), is greater in the weekly newspaper 'Vima' than in 'Iconomicos Tachycromos" since it has a wider range of interests : 'Iconomicos Tachydromos" only horrows words and expressions if necessary while 'Vima' , which remains open to all topics, easily adopts innovations and lexical influences. The political field appears to be the most permeated in the twonewspapers. This influence can probably be attributed to , among others, Greece's entry in the EEC in 1981. It shows itself mainly through a familiar vocabulary, but one can also find picturesque language used to comment on the news. The economic field is also influenced by French, but the borrowed vocabulary remains technical, as well as the social vocabulary. Besides, it must be noticed that, whatever the field, calques-words or expressions - are much more numerous than borrowings declinable or undeclinable - A comparison with a 1981 corpus enables us to refine our analysis. S
Al-Qaisi, Fu'ad. "Apport de la linguistique de corpus à la lexicographie bilingue (français-arabe) : macrostructure et microstructure d'un dictionnaire de collocations." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20115.
Full textThe aim of this study is to examine the contribution of corpus linguistics to bilingual French-Arabic lexicography. We particularly focus on collocations, as our research begins with the compilation of a bilingual corpus leading up to the integration of collocations in the lexicon. Fundamentals such as corpus linguistics, corpora and collocation are examined. Our research then takes an empirical turn that is based on the use of our corpus. To overcome the unavailability of corpus processing tools in Arabic, an approach was developed in this study that we called the footbridge strategy. The idea is to start from a French-Arabic (translated) parallel corpus. This corpus consists of the French version of Le Monde Diplomatique, and its translation. Using a parallel corpus aims to facilitate the identification of contrastive phenomena. The results obtained in the translated corpus (in its Arabic component) will be subsequently checked in an Arabic monolingual corpus. The latter is a corpus consisting of three newspapers: Alrai, Alayyam, Algouhouria. Throughout the exploitation of the corpus, results are compared first between corpora and dictionaries, secondly between corpus types (parallel and comparable), and thirdly between newspapers (Alrai, Alayyam, Algouhouria). Then a number of collocations are subjected to semantic and structural review and consideration. This review process not only brings some clarifications on the environment of collocations between language and speech but also about a possible approach for their integration in the dictionary. Legitimate questions gradually arise regarding the resemblance of collocations in French and Arabic. The results highlight phenomena such as collocational chains (clusters), collocational synonyms, etc. The study culminates in the design of a computer dictionary of collocations, i.e. an active bilingual dictionary aimed at Arabic language specialists and translators
Yang, Tong. "Constitution et exploitation d’une base de données pour l’enseignement/apprentissage des phrasèmes NAdj du domaine culinaire français auprès d’apprenants non-natifs." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030049.
Full textThis thesis project aims to study the teaching method of FOS (French on Specific Objectives) catering to foreign cooks who come to work in French restaurants or who have chosen catering as a specialty. The objective of our research is therefore to teach the culinary NAdj phrasemas to foreign A2 level learners. The teaching/learning of phraseology is required in specialty languages and the high frequency of NAdj phrasems has caught our attention. Several questions are then addressed: where to find this specific lexicon? How to extract them? By which approach do we teach the selected phrasems? To answer these questions, we made our own corpus Cuisitext - written and oral - and then used NooJ to extract the NAdj phrasems from the corpus. Finally, we have proposed the three approaches to the use of corpora for the teaching/learning of NAdj phrasems: guided inductive approach, deductive approach, pure inductive approach
Henry, Kevin. "Présentation phraséologique et perspectives traductologiques des chengyu du chinois mandarin: De la critique de la traduction des chengyu dans les versions françaises de quatre romans chinois contemporains." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/229404.
Full textDoctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologie
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Albano, Mariangela. "Les expressions figées en didactique du français langue étrangère." Thesis, Paris 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA030008.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, we present the results of an experimental research on 150 Italian-speaking adults studying French in the university context: the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart of Milan, La Sapienza University of Rome and the University of Palermo.The aim of this study was to contribute to the analysis of the semantic processing of lexicalization and to the didactics of phraseology in French as a foreign language.We have thus been able to advance and verify hypotheses explaining the process of lexicalization in order to give, on the one hand, tools to teachers for its didactisation and, on the other hand, means for learners for its appropriation. This work allowed us to better understand the identification and processing of different types of phraseologies, to identify and analyze translations and translation errors produced by students.To do this, we submitted two questionnaires: the first one, called "self-assessment" questionnaire, was intended to better understand our sample.The second questionnaire, called "Expressions", focused on the treatment, translation, and comprehension of seven phraseological constructs using eight exercises inspired by phraseodidactics and cognitive semantics, including construction grammars approach, conceptual metaphor and motivation approach
Mahdavi, Adelehsadat. "Le rôle de la connaissance du vocabulaire, de la conscience syntaxique et de la conscience métacognitive dans la compréhension en lecture de textes de nature académique en français langue tierce chez des étudiants iraniens à l'Université Laval." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36120.
Full textAcademic reading comprehension in L2 is shown to be affected by several factors including, but not limited to, vocabulary knowledge, background knowledge, linguistic knowledge, syntactic awareness, reading strategies. However, there seems to be no consensus among previous studies with respect to the type of factors that have the greatest impact on L2 learner’s comprehension of academic texts (Guo & Roehrig, 2011; Nergis, 2013). The present study conducted with a population of 75 Iranian French as a Second Language (FSL) learners enrolled in graduate programs at Laval University (Quebec), seeks to explore the degree to which the knowledge of vocabulary (depth and size), syntactic awareness and metacognitive awareness, facilitate the academic reading comprehension in FSL learner’s. The data was gathered using 5 different instruments: a measure of depth of vocabulary knowledge (Qian & Schedl, 2004), a vocabulary level test (Nation, 1990), a measure of syntactic awareness (Brown, Hammill, Larsen & Wiederholt, 2007), a questionnaire on metacognitive strategies in reading (Taraban, Kerr & Ryneason, 2004) and the reading component of the Test de Connaissance du Français (TCF). The results of the quantitative data analysis indicate that the reading comprehension score is significantly correlated with all other variables and that these associations are all positive though moderate at times. The result of a regression analysis revealed that, for this group of homogeneous learners, the variables Taille3kTotal and PhraseTotal contributed the most to the academic reading comprehension, in French, a third language for our subjects. Our findings are consistent with those obtained by Guo and Roehrig (2011), thus contradicting Nergis’ 2013 conclusions which identified the metacognitive consciousness as the best predictor of reading comprehension.
Da, Silva Akborisova Elena. "Linguistique de corpus et didactique des langues et des cultures étrangères : étude comparée français-russe." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0021.
Full textThis thesis aims to contribute to the DDL (Data-Driven Learning) approach in French vocabulary teaching. In the framework of the DDL approach we use corpora to teach different language phenomena. Vocabulary, one of the immediate needs of a language learner because it makes a communication in a foreign language possible, has become a popular research theme in the fields of linguistics and language teaching. Idiomaticity, an inherent part of all languages, manifests through various expressions. Phraseology studies different ways of expressing idiomaticity. Corpus linguistics permits to observe this language phenomenon in a structure/sense framework. Idiomatic expressions in general and collocations in particular are the heart and the main focus of the teaching perspective described in this thesis. Even advanced language learners make errors in light verb constructions. The teaching material presented in this study seeks to promote the search in bilingual corpora in the classroom in order to identify these collocations in L1 and in L2, to understand them, to find equivalents and finally, to use them correctly. A comparative French-Russian approach reinforced by a study of concordance lines from authentic corpora might contribute to better understanding of a particular language feature. This study falls in line with deductive learning practices and with the learners’ autonomisation perspective
Laporte, Elena-Mirabela. "La traduction automatique statistique factorisée : une application à la paire de langues français - roumain." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAC022/document.
Full textOur first aim is to build linguistic resources for a French - Romanian factored phrase - based statistical machine translation system. Our second aim is to study the impact of exploited linguistic information in the lexical alignment and translation process. On the one hand, this study is motivated by the lack of such systems for the studied languages. On the other hand, it is motivated by the high number of errors provided by the current machine translation systems. The linguistic resources required by the system are tokenized, lemmatized, tagged, word, and sentence - aligned parallel corpora
Parvaz, Ahmad Bénédicte. "Production de ressources multilingues pour l'aide à la traduction du droit pénal en hindi, ourdou et français." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INAL0017.
Full textIs it possible to reconcile the need for language assistance to all non-French speakers with the lack of standardized language resources for translating combinations of languages which are genetically and culturally remote? This is the issue raised by Hindi and Urdu translation in France, in the judicial context. Hindi and Urdu are sister languages spoken in India and Pakistan. They have remote links with French. The judicial systems in which they are used come from the British colonial heritage based upon common law. Through the analysis of a corpus of various documents, this work is aimed at producing terms and phraseological resources in order to assist the translator-interpreter in finding out translation equivalences between languages. First, we will explore the differences between the three countries’ judiciaries, as well as the status of the Hindi, Urdu and French languages. Then, we will study the judicial proceedings in all three countries and examine how they are embedded into text genres. We will see to what extent their lexicons and phraseologies are adapted for non-specialists. Eventually, we will propose a method for term extraction and sub-corpus alignment in order to stress term or translation equivalences between these languages in the judicial genre. This work, which sheds light on the relations between text, words and context, provides actual field-specific resources for judicial translation and interpretation professionals
Mohr-Elfadl, Sabine. "La phraséologie dans l'oeuvre de Günter Grass : étude thématique et pragmastylistique du roman 'Die Blechtrommel' et sa traduction française ('Le tambour')." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR20064.
Full textSadoudi, Hanane. "Traitement des expressions figées dans la traduction humaine. : Analyse de corpus bilingue français-arabe." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05H036.
Full textThis study is an approach to various problems raised bu the translations of frozen expressions. It is founded on the specific case of the french-arabic translation by analyzing a bilingual corpus composed of idioms in French (source language) and their Arabic translation (targuet language). Our work is organized in two parts ; in the first we study the notion of rigidification and the various structures that it covers, and olso the notion of translation with related concepts through 20th century linguistic and translational theories. In the second part we analyze our corpus : first to make sure it really represents frozen expressions, then to know the strategies adopted by the translator to translate idioms. The corpus is extracted from the articles appeared in the French edition of the le Monde diplomatique and their translations into Arabic in the same newspaper
Camacho, Beatriz Facincani [UNESP]. "Estudo comparativo de expressões idiomáticas do português do Brasil e de Portugual e do francês da França e do Canadá." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86577.
Full textCette recherche fait l’objet d’un inventaire d’expressions idiomatiques en portugais du Portugal et en français du Canada (Québec), équivalentes aux expressions en portugais du Brésil et en français de France qui composent les entrées du Dictionnaire électronique d’expressions idiomatiques français-portugais / portugais-français (XATARA, 2007). Pour cela on a considéré le concept d’expression idiomatique d’après les études phraséologiques et la fréquence d’usage des équivalences proposées.
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo principal fazer um levantamento de expressões idiomáticas equivalentes em português de Portugal e em francês do Canadá (Quebec) aos idiomatismos em português do Brasil e em francês da França que compõem a nomenclatura do Dictionnaire électronique d’expressions idiomatiques français-portugais / portugais-français (XATARA, 2007). Para tanto, considerou-se o conceito de expressão idiomática segundo os estudos fraseológicos e a freqüência de uso das equivalências propostas.
Camacho, Beatriz Facincani. "Estudo comparativo de expressões idiomáticas do português do Brasil e de Portugual e do francês da França e do Canadá /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86577.
Full textBanca: Maria Cristina Parreira da Silva
Banca: Oto Araújo Vale
Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo principal fazer um levantamento de expressões idiomáticas equivalentes em português de Portugal e em francês do Canadá (Quebec) aos idiomatismos em português do Brasil e em francês da França que compõem a nomenclatura do Dictionnaire électronique d'expressions idiomatiques français-portugais / portugais-français (XATARA, 2007). Para tanto, considerou-se o conceito de expressão idiomática segundo os estudos fraseológicos e a freqüência de uso das equivalências propostas.
Résumé: Cette recherche fait l'objet d'un inventaire d'expressions idiomatiques en portugais du Portugal et en français du Canada (Québec), équivalentes aux expressions en portugais du Brésil et en français de France qui composent les entrées du Dictionnaire électronique d'expressions idiomatiques français-portugais / portugais-français (XATARA, 2007). Pour cela on a considéré le concept d'expression idiomatique d'après les études phraséologiques et la fréquence d'usage des équivalences proposées.
Mestre
Bacquelaine, Françoise Michele Elise. "TRADUCTION HUMAINE ET TRADUCTION AUTOMATIQUE DU QUANTIFICATEUR UNIVERSEL PORTUGAIS CADA EN FRANÇAIS ET EN ANGLAIS. Étude de phraséologie comparée." Tese, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/127715.
Full textBacquelaine, Françoise Michele Elise. "TRADUCTION HUMAINE ET TRADUCTION AUTOMATIQUE DU QUANTIFICATEUR UNIVERSEL PORTUGAIS CADA EN FRANÇAIS ET EN ANGLAIS. Étude de phraséologie comparée." Doctoral thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/127715.
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