Journal articles: 'Photovoltaic'

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Wei, Zhonghui, Xueqian Fu, Feifei Yang, and Shaoqian Fan. "Comprehensive Economic Benefits Evaluation Model of Greenhouse Photovoltaic." Journal of Solar Energy Research Updates 9 (August 17, 2022): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31875/2410-2199.2022.09.04.

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Abstract: Photovoltaic integrated greenhouse has become an important form of deep coupling between new energy power generation and facility agriculture. Greenhouse photovoltaic power generation will affect the light environment, thermal environment, and water environment of facility agriculture. The precise coupling modeling method of greenhouse photovoltaics and loads is to carry out the basis for the calculation of comprehensive economic benefits of greenhouse photovoltaics. This paper studies the deep coupling modeling method of greenhouse photovoltaic and greenhouse load, and accurately calculates the changes in the light environment, thermal environment, and water environment regulation load of facility agriculture caused by the laying of greenhouse photovoltaics. Firstly, the greenhouse photovoltaic power generation model and the environmental regulation load model of facility agriculture are established; secondly, the coupling relationship between greenhouse photovoltaic power generation and facility agricultural load is described, and on this basis, the comprehensive economic benefits evaluation model of photovoltaic power generation is proposed. The 10kV medium-voltage distribution network and facility agricultural greenhouse that exist in the northern region are used as the research objects. It verifies the validity of the photovoltaic comprehensive economic benefits evaluation model proposed in this paper.

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Fanney, A. Hunter, and Brian P. Dougherty. "Building Integrated Photovoltaic Test Facility*." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 123, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1385823.

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The widespread use of building integrated photovoltaics appears likely as a result of the continuing decline in photovoltaic manufacturing costs, the relative ease in which photovoltaics can be incorporated within the building envelope, and the fact that buildings account for over 40% of the U.S. energy consumption. However, designers, architects, installers, and consumers need more information and analysis tools in order to judge the merits of building-integrated solar photovoltaic products. In an effort to add to the knowledge base, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has undertaken a multiple-year project to collect high quality experimental performance data. The data will be used to validate computer models for building integrated photovoltaics and, where necessary, to develop algorithms that may be incorporated within these models. This paper describes the facilities that have been constructed to assist in this effort. The facilities include a mobile tracking photovoltaic test facility, a building integrated photovoltaic test bed, an outdoor aging rack, and a meteorological station.

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Zou, Yunjia, Tao Zhang, Guanghui Wang, Wei Zhang, Ting Liu, and Hailun Dai. "Research on Photovoltaic Development in Northwestern China using Remote Sensing Images." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-1-2024 (May 11, 2024): 909–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-1-2024-909-2024.

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Abstract. Photovoltaics, a clean energy source, have received widespread attention worldwide recently. Many countries are carrying out photovoltaic construction, while also compiling and analyzing their photovoltaic development status. The same goes for China. In northwestern China, a considerable number of cities lack electricity. Meanwhile, its vast plains and abundant sunlight are conducive to the construction of photovoltaics. Therefore, the northwestern China has vigorously carried out photovoltaic construction nowadays. With the support of high-resolution and multi-temporal remote sensing images, we are able to analyze the development status of photovoltaics in these regions. We chose six provinces in northwestern China as our research areas and took three steps to complete our studies. Firstly, we extracted patterns of photovoltaics using deep learning methods. Secondly, based on the patterns and national land use survey data, we calculated the distribution and development status of photovoltaics in each province. Thirdly, we present the statistical results in figures and charts, showing the photovoltaic construction status and its development trend. We finally made conclusions and discussions about our insufficiency in work and future plans for further study.

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Wang, Ding, Ming Xu, Wei Cao, Luxi Hao, Lingyi Chen, and Zhihao Ning. "Analysis and Evaluation of Bearing Capacity of Distributed Photovoltaic Connected to Hunan Power Grid." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2564, no. 1 (August 1, 2023): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2564/1/012036.

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Abstract The development of distributed power in Hunan Province is mainly photovoltaic, with an average annual growth rate of 16.4% in the past five years. By the end of October 2022, Hunan’s distributed photovoltaic installed capacity is 3.06 million kilowatts, accounting for 54.6% of the total photovoltaic installed capacity, which exceeds the centralized photovoltaic installed capacity. Due to the rapid large-scale development of distributed photovoltaics, it is common that the actual operation scale exceeds the contemporaneous planning. In addition, Hunan distributed photovoltaic access is concentrated in northern and southern Hunan, while in southern Hunan, due to a large number of local clean energy, a large number of distributed photovoltaic access will increase the output of terminal power supply, which can seriously cause the grid power flow to reverse. This paper takes the power grid topology in southern Hunan as an example of carrying out the bearing capacity assessment of regional distributed photovoltaic access to the power grid. This method guides the rational layout of distributed photovoltaics and stably ensures the operation of the Hunan power grid.

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Hu, Boxun, Yanan Chen, Desheng Kong, and Yiming Yao. "Large, grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants renewable energy." Applied and Computational Engineering 7, no. 1 (July 21, 2023): 375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/7/20230328.

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As an essential part of renewable energy, the solar photovoltaic technic grows rapidly with two main types: off-grid and grid-connected systems. This paper focuses on grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants and introduces the main physical principles of solar photovoltaics. Typical components of solar photovoltaic power plants are also presented, along with their functions. The extraordinary environmental impact and the relatively low and decreasing cost of grid-connected solar photovoltaics reflect its excellent development potential. Compared with other energy, grid-connected solar photovoltaics provides an alternative to conventional fossil fuel generation. With the improvement of silicon purification technology and the working efficiency of solar batteries, the scale of grid-connected solar photovoltaics power plants will be further expanded.

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Bourdoucen, Hadj, Joseph A. Jervase, Abdullah Al-Badi, Adel Gastli, and Arif Malik. "Photovoltaic Cells and Systems: Current State and Future Trends." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 5 (December 1, 2000): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol5iss0pp185-207.

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Photovoltaics is the process of converting solar energy into electrical energy. Any photovoltaic system invariably consists of solar cell arrays and electric power conditioners. Photovoltaic systems are reliable, quiet, safe and both environmentally benign and self-sustaining. In addition, they are cost-effective for applications in remote areas. This paper presents a review of solar system components and integration, manufacturing, applications, and basic research related to photovoltaics. Photovoltaic applications in Oman are also presented. Finally, the existing and the future trends in technologies and materials used for the fabrication of solar cells are summarized.

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Bin, Zihang. "A comparison between the mainstream heterojunction PV studies." Applied and Computational Engineering 7, no. 1 (July 21, 2023): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/7/20230327.

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Among the wide range of third-generation photovoltaic power generation technologies, there is a widely used type of photovoltaic - heterojunction photovoltaic cells. Although each of the different types of heterojunction photovoltaics has been studied in depth, no one has considered the direct application of the different types of heterojunction photovoltaics at the application level. This paper introduces the composition and advantages of heterojunction photovoltaic cells, and briefly introduces graphene/n-type amorphous silicon heterojunction photovoltaic, organic compound/inorganic heterojunction photovoltaic, and inorganic/inorganic heterojunction photovoltaic represented by CuO and Zn2O, and summarizes the different photovoltaic conversion efficiencies, preparation methods, and other key information of these cells, and compares these information. In particular, whether the photovoltaic conversion efficiency can reach the shockley-queisser limit is examined. Among them, the photoconversion efficiency of graphene/n-type amorphous silicon heterojunction and simple metal oxide heterojunction was not very satisfactory, and finally the heterojunction PV cell constructed by the byorganic cavity-conducting material led by Graezel et al. was chosen among the different research directions of organic/inorganic heterojunction PV cells. Cavity-conducting material combined with a titanium dioxide nanofilm with adsorbed dye as a relatively ideal heterojunction PV cell for comparison was examined in this paper, which provides a proposal for the commercial development of new heterojunction PV cells in the future.

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Fyali, Jibji-Bukar, and Anaya-Lara Olimpo. "Offline Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Tracking." E3S Web of Conferences 64 (2018): 06007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186406007.

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As more renewable energy sources are connected to the electrical grid, it has become important that these sources participate in providing system support. It has become needful for grid-connected solar photovoltaics to participate in support functions like frequency support. However, photovoltaic systems need to implement a maximum power tracking algorithm to operate at maximum power and a method for de-loading photovoltaic systems is necessary for participation in frequency support. Some conventional maximum power tracking techniques are implemented in real time and will not adjust their output fast enough to provide system support while other may respond fast but are not very efficient in tracking the maximum power point of a photovoltaic system. This paper presents an offline method to estimate the maximum power voltage and current based on the characteristics of the photovoltaics module available in the datasheet and using the estimated values to operate the photovoltaics at maximum power. The performance of this technique is compared to the conventional technique. This paper also describes how the photovoltaic system can be de-loaded.

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Kouloumpis, Victor, Antonios Kalogerakis, Anastasia Pavlidou, George Tsinarakis, and George Arampatzis. "Should Photovoltaics Stay at Home? Comparative Life Cycle Environmental Assessment on Roof-Mounted and Ground-Mounted Photovoltaics." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (November 2, 2020): 9120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219120.

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Renewable energy technologies like photovoltaics may be considered an indispensable component of a low-carbon electricity mix, but social acceptance should not be taken for granted. For instance, in Greece there are still claims, especially in rural areas, regarding the land use and the competition against more traditional economic activities such as grazing. An argument in favor of confining to roof-mounted photovoltaic installations is the additional infrastructure requirements for ground-mounted larger-scale photovoltaics. These requirements reduce and could potentially negate their environmental benefits. The aim of this study is to investigate the life cycle environmental impacts of commercial ground-mounted photovoltaic farms and compare them against residential roof-mounted photovoltaic installations. Data were gathered for a 500 kW ground-mounted photovoltaic installation and for five roof-mounted installations of 10 kW capacity, each from the same area at the prefecture of Pella in Northern Greece. An LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) was performed and results show that panel production is the main contributor for both types and that ground-mounted photovoltaics—when no transmission/distribution infrastructure is considered—have lower impacts than the roof-mounted residential photovoltaic installations for all impact categories except terrestrial ecotoxicity. However, when located further than 10.22 km from grid connection, ground-mounted photovoltaics have higher impacts for almost all environmental impact categories.

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Ryu, Hwa Sook, Song Yi Park, Tack Ho Lee, Jin Young Kim, and Han Young Woo. "Recent progress in indoor organic photovoltaics." Nanoscale 12, no. 10 (2020): 5792–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr00816h.

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Organic photovoltaics are a promising candidate for indoor applications. Recent progresses in optimization of indoor photovoltaic materials and devices, and the key strategies to optimize the indoor photovoltaic characteristics will be discussed.

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11

Yang, Shu-Xia, Yang Zhang, and Xiao-Yu Cheng. "Economic modeling of distributed photovoltaic penetration considering subsidies and countywide promotion policy: An empirical study in Beijing." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 14, no. 5 (September 2022): 055301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0102574.

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Distributed photovoltaic power generation will not only help to achieve the strategic targets of peaking carbon emissions and carbon neutrality but also cause a series of impacts on the power grid at the same time. Forecasting the long-term development of regionally distributed photovoltaics can provide a reference for power grid planning and stable operation. In this paper, considering the effect of factors such as subsidies and countywide promotion policy of photovoltaics, a forecasting model for the development tendency of regionally distributed photovoltaics based on system dynamics is established. Then, taking Beijing as an example, an empirical analysis is carried out, and the effect of the proportion of self-consumption and the time when the subsidy is adjusted on distributed photovoltaic penetration is explored through sensitivity analysis. The simulation results show that the installed capacity achieved by the countywide promotion policy will become the main source of the installed capacity growth of distributed photovoltaics in Beijing after 2024. To continuously boost distributed photovoltaic penetration, relevant policymakers should consider the appropriate time when the subsidy is adjusted according to the installation cost of photovoltaic systems.

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Wang, Zheng, Yanli Xiao, Ye Wan, Ke Liu, and Xiyuan Wang. "Research on energy management strategy of photovoltaic–battery energy storage system." International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 17 (2022): 488–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctac024.

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Abstract Photovoltaics have the advantages of being clean and renewable and have gained a wide range of applications. It is promising to use photovoltaic energy for the power supply of buildings, as the building sector accounts for a large portion of global energy consumption with a constantly increasing trend. However, photovoltaics are greatly affected by time and environment, and it is usually combined with batteries to form a photovoltaic–battery energy storage system to meet the load demand. This paper aims to analyze and compare energy management strategies of an on-grid solar photovoltaic–battery system for a real building project in a typical May and October region, but unlike other studies, the strategies used in this paper are very simple and easy to implement. It can also realize photovoltaic, battery and grid to meet the load power demand. Two strategies are used in this paper. Strategy 1 is to maximize the utilization of the energy generated by photovoltaics: while the energy generated by photovoltaics cannot meet the load demand, the battery will provide energy, and while the battery cannot meet the load demand, the grid will provide energy. The photovoltaic energy is given priority to the battery under the premise of meeting the load demand. Strategy 2 is to use the time-of-use electricity price, and the battery obtains cheap electricity at night to meet the load of the high electricity price the next day. The feasibility of the strategy used is demonstrated by actual data of buildings and photovoltaic–battery energy storage systems. This study can provide theoretical references for the energy management and system operation to facility managers and building occupants.

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Xiong, Xuejun, Yajun Zhang, Yuyao Feng, Xiu Yang, Yu Jin, and Wenhao Li. "Unsupervised photovoltaic installation date detection method based on interpretable characteristics." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2662, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2662/1/012026.

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Abstract With the vigorous development of new energy, more and more distributed household photovoltaics are connected to the distribution network. However, the high proportion of household photovoltaics can have many impacts on the operation of the distribution network. The power department needs to register users who have installed photovoltaics. However, due to the large user base and the high resource consumption of existing investigative methods, this article proposes an unsupervised photovoltaic installation date detection method based on interpretable characteristics. Firstly, a set of interpretable characteristics is proposed and characteristic extraction is performed on user electricity data. Then, based on interpretable characteristics, user electricity consumption patterns are clustered. Finally, the date when the user’s electricity consumption patterns change is captured to determine the user’s photovoltaic installation date. The simulation results show that the proposed method can correctly identify all photovoltaic installation dates within 10 days, which is in line with practical applications and policy requirements. It has certain practical significance and theoretical value for the development of photovoltaic installation date detection applications.

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Oja Acik, Ilona. "5GSOLAR: The next generation of photovoltaics." Open Access Government 40, no. 1 (October 25, 2023): 486–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-040-11117.

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5GSOLAR: The next generation of photovoltaics Emerging thin film photovoltaic technologies, currently being developed in research laboratories, are the EU’s key to unlocking its photovoltaic industry and ensuring the growth of a sustainable and green electricity market. The European Green Deal and its Fit for 55 initiative aim to transform Europe into a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy, ensuring the reduction of net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030, compared to 1990 levels. Solar photovoltaics is considered as one of the cornerstones to achieve a green and carbon-neutral future. As the lowest-cost and most easily deployed clean energy technology, the installed photovoltaic (PV) capacity in Europe has reached almost 195 GW in 2022, and the REPowerEU plan targets to bring online over 320 GW of solar photovoltaic by 2025 and almost 600 GW by 2030.

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Anduła, Angelika, and Dariusz Heim. "Photovoltaic systems – types of installations, materials, monitoring and modeling - review." Acta Innovations, no. 34 (March 1, 2020): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.34.4.

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Photovoltaic systems have become a common solution for, both small residential buildings as well as large service buildings. When buildings are being designed, it is important to focus on the aspect of the object’s energy efficiency as lowering the energy consumption of a given facility is crucial. The article discusses the use of photovoltaic panels such as so-called BAPV (Building Applied Photovoltaics) and BIPV (Building Installed Photovoltaics) installations as well as photovoltaic thermal systems (PV/T), which generate both electricity and heat. The role of PV installation in so-called zero energy buildings and proposals for future research and solutions are also discussed.

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Hu, Mengjin, Zhao Liu, Yaohuan Huang, Mengju Wei, and Bo Yuan. "Estimation of Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic Potential Based on High-Resolution Images and Digital Surface Models." Buildings 13, no. 11 (October 25, 2023): 2686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112686.

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Buildings are important components of urban areas, and the construction of rooftop photovoltaic systems plays a critical role in the transition to renewable energy generation. With rooftop solar photovoltaics receiving increased attention, the problem of how to estimate rooftop photovoltaics is under discussion; building detection from remote sensing images is one way to address it. In this study, we presented an available approach to estimate a building’s rooftop solar photovoltaic potential. A rapid and accurate rooftop extraction method was developed using object-based image classification combining normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and digital surface models (DSMs), and a method for the identification of suitable rooftops for solar panel installation by analysing the geographical restrictions was proposed. The approach was validated using six scenes from Beijing that were taken using Chinese Gaofen-2 (GF-2) satellite imagery and Pleiades imagery. A total of 176 roofs in six scenarios were suitable for PV installation, and the estimated photovoltaic panel area was 205,827 m2. The rooftop photovoltaic potential was estimated to total 22,551 GWh. The results indicated that the rooftop photovoltaic potential estimation method performs well.

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Zhang, Weichen. "Main Contributions, Applications and Future Prospect of PV." MATEC Web of Conferences 386 (2023): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338603012.

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Nowadays, with the development of society and economy, the disadvantages of traditional fossil fuels are obvious, and people pay more attention to renewable energy. Due to the inexhaustible nature of solar energy, which helps to get rid of the dependence on fossil fuels, photovoltaic technology has been valued and developed. Photovoltaic (PV) technology can use the photovoltaic effect to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, and it is clean and pollution-free, avoiding harm to the environment. Photovoltaics has significant advantages over other types of renewable energy generation. Photovoltaics has made a significant contribution to social progress and has been widely used in today's society. Therefore, Photovoltaics outpaces other types of renewable energy generation, its development prospect is very impressive and has received strong support. This article aims to introduce the main contributions and applications of photovoltaics from different aspects and analyze development prospects and limitations of PV by explaining its technical principles.

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Zhou, Fu Fang, Qing Lan Ma, Yuan Ming Huang, Zhuo Ran She, and Chun Xu Pan. "Effects of Phosphoric Acid on the Photovoltaic Properties of Photovoltaic Cells with Laminated Polypyrrole-Fullerene Layers." Materials Science Forum 663-665 (November 2010): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.861.

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By applying phosphoric acid in dispersion of fullerene in the fabrication of polypyrrolefullerene photovoltaic cells we present laminated active structure of polypyrrole and subsequent fullerene layers, with two other reference methods to incorporate fullerene: (i) in a physically blended monolayer; and (ii) in a blend from chemical reaction. I-V characteristics show that a blend monolayer cell can display photosensitive effect however without photovoltaics; a bilayer cell displays photovoltaics either in dark or in illumination, with its VOC up to1V and its JSC up to12.5 μA cm-2 under AM1 105 mW cm-2 condition. The results demonstrate that phosphoric acid is effective in dispersion of fullerene as well as combining it with polypyrrole layer in a photovoltaic cell. The effects of phosphoric acid in fabricating a bilayered photovoltaic cell are discussed mainly in terms of H-bonding.

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Kudzanayi Chiteka, Rajesh Arora, and Christopher C. Enweremadu. "Comparative Numerical Energy and Performance Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Power Generation." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 117, no. 1 (May 17, 2024): 164–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.1.164178.

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This study analyses fixed and tracking solar photovoltaics and, solar thermal power. Performance in different locations was analysed for each configuration and technology using simulations based on a Typical Meteorological Year data. The study analysed a 25MWp solar photovoltaic and solar thermal power plants in each of the eleven selected locations in Zimbabwe. The performance of the solar photovoltaic and solar thermal power plants under different meteorological variables were assessed for all the selected locations. It was shown that different configurations together with different technologies have different conversion efficiencies. A high solar thermal conversion efficiency was found to be 18.718% in Gweru while it was 15.502% for solar photovoltaics in Mutare. The study also showed that highest insolation and clearness index values were found in Gweru. The average energy generated by the fixed photovoltaic collectors, tracking photovoltaic collectors and the Concentrating Solar Power plant were respectively 47.38GWh, 68.18GWh and 192.86GWh. There was a maximum percentage difference in the LCoE generated of 32.03% between the fixed PV collectors and the Concentrating Solar Power plant and a difference of 4.74% was realised between the tracking photovoltaics and Concentration Solar Power.

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Hou, Langbo, Heng Chen, Jinjun Wang, Shichao Qiao, Gang Xu, Honggang Chen, and Tao Liu. "Optimal Dispatch Strategy for a Distribution Network Containing High-Density Photovoltaic Power Generation and Energy Storage under Multiple Scenarios." Inventions 8, no. 5 (October 19, 2023): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions8050130.

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To better consume high-density photovoltaics, in this article, the application of energy storage devices in the distribution network not only realizes the peak shaving and valley filling of the electricity load but also relieves the pressure on the grid voltage generated by the distributed photovoltaic access. At the same time, photovoltaic power generation and energy storage cooperate and have an impact on the tidal distribution of the distribution network. Since photovoltaic output has uncertainty, the maximum photovoltaic output in each scenario is determined by the clustering algorithm, while the storage scheduling strategy is reasonably selected so the distribution network operates efficiently and stably. The tidal optimization of the distribution network is carried out with the objectives of minimizing network losses and voltage deviations, two objectives that are assigned comprehensive weights, and the optimization model is constructed by using a particle swarm algorithm to derive the optimal dispatching strategy of the distribution network with the cooperation of photovoltaic and energy storage. Finally, a model with 30 buses is simulated and the system is optimally dispatched under multiple scenarios to demonstrate the necessity of conducting coordinated optimal dispatch of photovoltaics and energy storage.

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Wei, Xiaozhao, Weijian Zhang, Hao Liu, Sen Qiao, Xiangcong Zhang, Jian Zhao, and Yurong Hu. "Design and application of an information interaction device for household photovoltaic inverters." E3S Web of Conferences 520 (2024): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202452003012.

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The rapid growth of household photovoltaics poses a significant challenge to the safe operation of distribution networks. To enable the unified monitoring of household photovoltaic inverters by power grid companies, this paper introduces an information interaction device for household photovoltaic inverters based on high-speed power line carrier communication and high-speed radio frequency communication. The study begins by analyzing the information access architecture of the household photovoltaic inverter, followed by a presentation of the hardware and software design of the information interaction device. Subsequent experiments conducted at various photovoltaic stations demonstrate an impressive 98% success rate for information interaction, highlighting the device’s robust reliability.

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Fang, Hualiang, Lei Shang, Xuzhu Dong, and Ye Tian. "High Proportion of Distributed PV Reliability Planning Method Based on Big Data." Energies 16, no. 23 (November 21, 2023): 7692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16237692.

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The higher proportion of distributed photovoltaic and lower fossil energy integrated into the power network brings huge challenges in power supply reliability and planning. The distributed photovoltaic planning method based on big data is proposed. According to the impact of stochastic photovoltaics and loads on reliability planning, the probability model of distributed photovoltaic and load is analyzed, and the dynamic capacity–load ratios are presented based on big data. The multi-scenario generation and reduction algorithm of stochastic distributed photovoltaic and load planning is studied, and a source–load scenario matching model is proposed based on big data. According to the big data scenario of source–load, the reliability indexes and dynamic capacity–load ratio may be obtained. Finally, the IEEE 33-bus system is used as an example, and the results show that distributed photovoltaic planning methods based on big data can improve photovoltaic utilization and power supply reliability.

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Ordoumpozanis, Konstantinos, Theodoros Theodosiou, Dimitrios Bouris, and Katerina Tsikaloudaki. "Energy and thermal modeling of building façade integrated photovoltaics." Thermal Science 22, Suppl. 3 (2018): 921–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci170905025o.

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Electricity generation on site is a design challenge aiming at supporting the concept of energy-autonomous building. Many projects worldwide have promoted the installation of photovoltaic panels on urban buildings, aiming at utilizing a large area to produce electricity. In most cases, photovoltaics are considered strictly as electricity generators, neglecting their effect to the efficiency and to the thermal behaviour of the building envelope. The integrated performance of photovoltaic ventilated fa?ades, where the photovoltaics are regarded as part of a complicated envelope system, provides design challenges and problems that cannot be overlooked within the framework of the Nearly Zero Energy Building concept. In this study, a finite volume model for photovoltaic ventilated fa?ades is developed, experimentally validated and found to have a significant convergence to measured data.

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Adikaari, A. A. D. T., D. M. N. M. Dissanayake, N. K. Mudugamuwa, and S. R. P. Silva. "Nano Engineered Organic-Inorganic Material Systems for Photovoltaics." Advanced Materials Research 67 (April 2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.67.1.

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Organic-inorganic photovoltaic systems which attempt to integrate benefits of both material types in terms of ease of fabrication, stability and efficiency are reviewed. Three broad categories; inorganic-small molecule systems, carbon naotube incorporated organic photovoltaics and nanostructured organic surfaces-based photovoltaics have been discussed with reference to recent literature. Nanocrystal-organic systems are designed to improve broadband photon collection possibilty, nanostructred organic surfaces-based systems attempt to enhance exciton dissociation at the increased area interface. Incorporation of carbon nanotubes in donor-acceptor type photovoltaic systems have been shown as a technique to mitigate drawbacks from short carrier diffusion lengths of organic materials. The concepts present new opportunities for complex photovoltaic systems, which need to be cheap, large area and efficient in order to arrive at an economically viable level for mass uptake.

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Bazylevych, Mykola Volodymyrovych. "DETERMINATION OF THE MAXIMUM VOLTAGE AT THE PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER PLANT CONNECTION POINT." Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Energy: Reliability and Energy Efficiency, no. 1 (2) (July 2, 2021): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2224-0349.2021.01.02.

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The modes of the electrical network have not been calculated for the photovoltaic power plants if they are used for small and medium-sized applications. It is known that the voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaics power plant may exceed the critical limit voltage and as a result it may cause the emergency with the electrical equipment. According to the existing methods, it is possible to find the voltage only by full electrical network modes calculating. In practice such calculation is not convenient, especially for 0.4 kV distribution networks. The suggestion is to find the most probable limit voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant without calculating the mode of the electrical network using instead the information about the voltage value in the power supply centre. The voltage at the installation point of the photovoltaic power plant mainly depends on the generated power of the photovoltaics power plant, line resistance, load power connected to a voltage of 0.4 kV and bus voltages of 0.4 kV of the power supply. The voltage hardly depends on the power of the power transformer, the parameters of 10 kV lines and the parameters of 0.4 kV lines, except for the line "power centre–photovoltaic power plant". The highest voltage at the point of installation of the photovoltaics power plant will be in the case when the load on the line is absent. The suggested methods allow finding analytically the maximum value of voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant without using of the successive approximations methods. As a rule the photovoltaics power plant operates in the mode of delivery of the maximum active power. By the range of various analytical formulas, the value of voltage at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant has been determined. The accuracy of finding the voltage by different formulas has also been determined. It is established that in order to achieve the required accuracy, the dependence of the current at the output of the photovoltaics power plant on the voltage at the connection point should be taken into account. Modification of formulas for the purpose of simplification of their application is considered. The conditions for finding the maximum possible voltage value at the point of installation of a photovoltaics power plant are considered. This requires that the argument of the voltage drop vector on the line be equal to the argument of the voltage vector on the busbars of the power supply. This is achieved by the fact that the photovoltaic power plant generates active and reactive power in a certain ratio. It is shown the inexpediency of finding the maximum possible voltage value at the point of installation of a photovoltaic power plant due to a small difference with the most possible voltage value with a significant complication of calculations.

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Moyenga, Cyrile Constant, Bernard Zouma, Ramatou Konate, Aboubacar Savadogo, Bruno Korgo, and Si´e Kam. "Study of the Impact of the Magnetic Field on the Electrical Parameters of the Radial Junction Photovoltaic Cell under Monochromatic Illumination." Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences 11, no. 4 (December 11, 2023): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2023/v11i4214.

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The present work is a theoretical study of the radial junction photovoltaic cell subjected to a magnetic field under monochromatic illumination. From a three-dimensional description, new analytical expressions of photocurrent density, photovoltage and electric power as a function of the magnetic field are established and by simulation on the Mathcad 15 software, we extracted the different curves. These representations allowed a thorough investigation of the operation of this model of a photovoltaic cell. It appears from this study that the amplitudes of parameters such as photocurrent density, photovoltage and electrical power are strongly attenuated when the photovoltaic cell is in the presence of a magnetic field assumed to be uniform over the entire region. For a magnetic field of 0.35 mT and a diffusion length, the short-circuit current decreased by 59.75% and the opencircuit photovoltage by 9.32%.

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Zhang, Jiaying, and Yingfan Zhang. "Forecast of photovoltaic power generation based on DBSCAN." E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123602016.

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The power output of the photovoltaic power generation has prominent intermittent fluctuation characteristics. Large-scale photovoltaic power generation access will bring a specific impact on the safe and stable operation of the power grid. With the increase in the proportion of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics, the phenomenon of wind abandonment and light abandonment has further increased. The photovoltaic power generation prediction is one of the critical technologies to solve this problem. It is of outstanding academic and application value to research photovoltaic power generation prediction methods and systems. Therefore, accurately carrying out the power forecast of photovoltaic power plants has become a research hot point in recent years. It is favored by scholars at home and abroad. First, this paper builds a simulation model of the photovoltaic cell based on known theoretical knowledge. Then it uses the density clustering algorithm (DBSCAN) in the clustering algorithm and classifies the original data. Finally, according to a series of problems such as the slow modeling speed of photovoltaic short-term power prediction, the bidirectional LSTM photovoltaic power prediction model, and CNN-GRU photovoltaic power prediction model based on clustering algorithm are proposed. After comparing the two models, it is concluded that the bidirectional LSTM prediction model is more accurate.

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Liu, Jih-Hsin, and Pi-Yu Shen. "Heat-Annealed Zinc Oxide on Flexible Carbon Nanotube Paper and Exposed to Gradient Light to Enhance Its Photoelectric Response." Nanomaterials 14, no. 9 (May 2, 2024): 792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14090792.

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Buckypaper (BP), a flexible and porous material, exhibits photovoltaic properties when exposed to light. In this study, we employed radio frequency (RF) sputtering of zinc oxide (ZnO) followed by rapid thermal annealing to enhance the photovoltaic response of BP. We investigated the impact of various sputtering parameters, such as the gas flow ratio of argon to oxygen and deposition time, on the morphology, composition, resistivity, and photovoltaic characteristics of ZnO-modified BP. Additionally, the photovoltaic performance of the samples under different illumination modes and wavelengths was compared. It was found that optimal sputtering conditions—argon to oxygen flow ratio of 1:2, deposition time of 20 min, and power of 100 watts—resulted in a ZnO film thickness of approximately 45 nanometers. After annealing at 400 °C for 10 min, the ZnO-modified BP demonstrated a significant increase in photocurrent and photovoltage, along with a reduction in resistivity, compared to unmodified BP. Moreover, under gradient illumination, the ZnO-modified BP exhibited a photovoltage enhancement of 14.70-fold and a photocurrent increase of 13.86-fold, compared to uniform illumination. Under blue light, it showed a higher photovoltaic response than under other colors. The enhancement in photovoltaic response is attributed to the formation of a Schottky junction between ZnO and BP, an increased carrier concentration gradient, and an expanded light absorption spectrum. Our results validate that ZnO sputtering followed by annealing is an effective method for modifying BP for photovoltaic applications such as solar cells and photodetectors.

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Fanney, A. Hunter, Brian P. Dougherty, and Mark W. Davis. "Short-Term Characterization of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Panels*." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 125, no. 1 (January 27, 2003): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1531642.

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Building integrated photovoltaics, the integration of photovoltaic cells into one or more exterior building surfaces, represents a small but growing part of today’s $2 billion dollar photovoltaic industry. A barrier to the widespread use of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is the lack of validated predictive simulation tools needed to make informed economic decisions. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has undertaken a multi-year project to compare the measured performance of BIPV panels to the predictions of photovoltaic simulation tools. The existing simulation models require input parameters that characterize the electrical performance of BIPV panels subjected to various meteorological conditions. This paper describes the experimental apparatus and test procedures used to capture the required parameters. Results are presented for custom fabricated mono-crystalline, polycrystalline, and silicon film BIPV panels and a commercially available triple junction amorphous silicon panel.

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Hu, Qinge, Yu Xiong, and Ziwei Xu. "Perovskite photovoltaic effect and its application on solar cell." Applied and Computational Engineering 60, no. 1 (May 7, 2024): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/60/20240836.

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Significant attention has been attracted by perovskite photovoltaic materials due to their excellent monochromatic incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency. This article will provide an overview of the fundamental principles of perovskite photovoltaic effects, the various types of perovskite photovoltaic materials, their optoelectronic properties, key factors influencing the performance of perovskite photovoltaics, and the current situation as well as future challenges of perovskite solar cells. It emphasizes that the continuous tunability of perovskite structure is pivotal in achieving highly efficient photoelectric materials. Doping and interface design plays a substantial role in enhancing the performance of perovskite solar cells. Finally, the article offers a glimpse into the prospects of commercial applications and potential research directions of perovskite photovoltaic materials. This article serves as a valuable reference for further comprehension and development of efficient and stable perovskite photovoltaic materials, paving the way for advancements in renewable energy technology.

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Fanney, A. Hunter, Brian P. Dougherty, and Mark W. Davis. "Measured Performance of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Panels*." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 123, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1385824.

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The photovoltaic industry is experiencing rapid growth. Industry analysts project that photovoltaic sales will increase from their current $1.5 billion level to over $27 billion by 2020, representing an average growth rate of 25%. (Cook et. al. 2000)[1]. To date, the vast majority of sales have been for navigational signals, call boxes, telecommunication centers, consumer products, off-grid electrification projects, and small grid-interactive residential rooftop applications. Building integrated photovoltaics, the integration of photovoltaic cells into one or more of the exterior surfaces of the building envelope, represents a small but growing photovoltaic application. In order for building owners, designers, and architects to make informed economic decisions regarding the use of building integrated photovoltaics, accurate predictive tools and performance data are needed. A building integrated photovoltaic test bed has been constructed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology to provide the performance data needed for model validation. The facility incorporates four identical pairs of building integrated photovoltaic panels constructed using single-crystalline, polycrystalline, silicon film, and amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells. One panel of each identical pair is installed with thermal insulation attached to its rear surface. The second paired panel is installed without thermal insulation. This experimental configuration yields results that quantify the effect of elevated cell temperature on the panels’ performance for different cell technologies. This paper presents the first set of experimental results from this facility. Comparisons are made between the electrical performance of the insulated and non-insulated panels for each of the four cell technologies. The monthly and overall conversion efficiencies for each cell technology are presented and the seasonal performance variations discussed. Daily efficiencies are presented for a selected month. Finally, plots of the power output and panel temperatures are presented and discussed for the single-crystalline and amorphous silicon panels.

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Kumar, Ashish, and J. P. Kesari. "Current Scenario of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPVs)." Journal of Advance Research in Electrical & Electronics Engineering (ISSN: 2208-2395) 3, no. 10 (October 31, 2016): 01–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nneee.v3i10.167.

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The Building-incorporated photovoltaics (BIPVs) are photovoltaic (PV) materials that are used to supplant traditional/conventional building materials that are being used in construction of building covering, for instance, the roof tiles, front windows, or veneers. Further, they represent a strong, versatile and eco-friendly means for attaining the goal of ever increasing power demand for zero energy and zero emission buildings of the adjacent future. In this regard, BIPVs may offer an aesthetically pleasing, costeffective and real-world solution, to integrate photovoltaic solar cells (BIPVs) reaping solar radiationto produce electricity along with climate protection of the buildings. This research work précises thecurrent stage of the development in the Building-integrated Photovoltaic systems and the scope of future research in building integration of photovoltaics, incorporating the latest and innovational ideas and features of BIPVs which include BIPV tiles& modules, BIPV foils,and solar power cell glazing products.

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Piotrowska-Woroniak, Joanna. "The Photovoltaic Installation Application in the Public Utility Building." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 24, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 517–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2017-0034.

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Abstract The article presents the use of photovoltaic installation in a building with office space and a section for kindergarten to support the production of electricity using solar energy. Accepted technological installation solution, capital expenditures to be incurred for the project and payback time are shown. Paper presents the results of the performance simulation of the PV system adopted depending on the angle of photovoltaic panels. Designed photovoltaic installation consists of 62 panels with a total nominal power of 15.5 kW. The use of photovoltaics in the facility allow reducing carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere by approximately 52%. In Poland, most of the electricity produced is still based on coal and lignite. Photovoltaics is one of the renewable sources of energy, so-called “Green” energy. The investment could be made thanks to the Regional Operational Programme Podlaski, Activity 5.2 Development of local infrastructure, environmental protection 2007-2013.

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Pastuszak, Justyna, and Paweł Węgierek. "Photovoltaic Cell Generations and Current Research Directions for Their Development." Materials 15, no. 16 (August 12, 2022): 5542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165542.

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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the different generations of photovoltaic cells and current research directions focusing on their development and manufacturing technologies. The introduction describes the importance of photovoltaics in the context of environmental protection, as well as the elimination of fossil sources. It then focuses on presenting the known generations of photovoltaic cells to date, mainly in terms of the achievable solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies, as well as the technology for their manufacture. In particular, the third generation of photovoltaic cells and recent trends in its field, including multi-junction cells and cells with intermediate energy levels in the forbidden band of silicon, are discussed. We also present the latest developments in photovoltaic cell manufacturing technology, using the fourth-generation graphene-based photovoltaic cells as an example. An extensive review of the world literature led us to the conclusion that, despite the appearance of newer types of photovoltaic cells, silicon cells still have the largest market share, and research into ways to improve their efficiency is still relevant.

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Armstrong O Njok and Igwe O Ewona. "Diurnal analysis of enhanced solar photovoltaic systems using automatic cooling mechanism." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 5, no. 2 (March 30, 2022): 016–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2022.5.2.0035.

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Africa and Nigeria in particular are blessed with abundance of sunshine throughout the year. Unfortunately, the region is associated with high temperature values which is a major factor militating against the efficiency of photovoltaic systems in use today. Since for each degree rise in temperature, about 0.50% efficiency is lost, then this implies that once a photovoltaic panel enters the Nigeria atmosphere about 5%-10% of its maximum power is lost. To tackle this problem, a cooling mechanism has to be incorporated into photovoltaic system design for adequate cooling and temperature monitoring. A smart automatic cooling mechanism and a smart photovoltaic MPPT tester were deployed in the study. In situ measurements were obtained in outdoor real-time conditions. The results reveal better performances for voltage, current, power and efficiency for the photovoltaic module whose temperatures was regulated not to exceed the threshold temperature of 350C. This study shows and suggest that lowering the panel temperature of photovoltaics through the application of cooling mechanism should be considered in the design of photovoltaic systems.

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Huang, Guozhen, Yichang Tang, Xi Chen, Mingsheng Chen, and Yanlin Jiang. "A Comprehensive Review of Floating Solar Plants and Potentials for Offshore Applications." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 11 (October 28, 2023): 2064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11112064.

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Fossil fuel consumption has progressively increased alongside global population growth, representing the predominant energy consumption pattern for humanity. Unfortunately, this persistent reliance on fossil fuels has resulted in a substantial surge in pollution emissions, exerting a detrimental influence on the delicate ecological balance. Therefore, it is imperative to find new renewable energy sources to replace fossil fuels. Solar energy is a clean energy source and has become the most preferred option for human day-to-day needs. Since the construction of the world’s first floating photovoltaic power station, humanity has been continuously advancing the technology of power generation by floating photovoltaics. This review comprehensively elucidates the progression of offshore photovoltaic technology and illustrates the composition of the floating photovoltaic system. Each section meticulously contrasts the advantages and drawbacks of various photovoltaic systems. In addition, an in-depth analysis of the offshore photovoltaic application potentials is conducted based on fundamental theories, thereby offering valuable insights for future research. Finally, an encompassing summary of the potential challenges associated with deep-sea floating photovoltaic systems is presented.

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D Novitasari, W. Sunanda, E. A. Pratama, H. Subastiyan, Y. Tiandho,. "Monitoring for Photovoltaic in Outer Island." Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research 2, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jesr.v2i2.59.

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Photovoltaic is a renewable energy source that can optimally be used on outer islands and areas that are difficult to reach by the main electrical system network. With good solar energy intensity on a daily, it adds to the advantages of using photovoltaics. In this regard, it is necessary to make a prototype for monitoring the photovoltaic output parameters to measure photovoltaic performance. The parameters that will be monitored on 50 Wp photovoltaic used in this research are voltage using a voltage sensor, current using an ACS712 sensor, and the real power generated. The monitoring results are stored in a database and monitored in realtime based on the website's setting. So that this prototype can be used in several outer islands in Bangka Belitung, which is geographically an archipelago

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Emmott, Christopher J. M., Jason A. Röhr, Mariano Campoy-Quiles, Thomas Kirchartz, Antonio Urbina, Nicholas J. Ekins-Daukes, and Jenny Nelson. "Organic photovoltaic greenhouses: a unique application for semi-transparent PV?" Energy & Environmental Science 8, no. 4 (2015): 1317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ee03132f.

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Zhang, Zhihan, Qiaoyu Wang, Demou Cao, and Kai Kang. "Impact of Photovoltaics." Modern Electronic Technology 5, no. 1 (May 6, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26549/met.v5i1.6315.

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Photovoltaics (PV) can convert sunlight into electricity by making use of the photovoltaic effect. Solar panels consist of photovoltaic cells made of semiconductor materials (such as silicon) to utilise the photovoltaic effect and convert sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity. Nowadays, PV has become the cheapest electrical power source with low price bids and low panel prices. The competitiveness makes it a potential path to mitigate the global warming. In this paper, we investigate the relationship of PC array output with irradiance and temperature, the performance of PV array over 24 hours period, and the simulation of PV micro grid by MATLAB simulation.

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Shvarts M. Z., Andreeva A. V., Andronikov D. A., Emtsev K. V., Larionov V. R., Nakhimovich M. V., Pokrovskiy P. V., Sadchikov N. A., Yakovlev S. A., and Malevskiy D. A. "Hybrid concentrator-planar photovoltaic module with heterostructure solar cells." Technical Physics Letters 49, no. 2 (2023): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tpl.2023.02.55371.19438.

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The paper presents a promising solution for photovoltaic modules that provides overcoming the main conceptual limitation for the concentrator concept in photovoltaics --- the impossibility to convert diffused (scattered) solar radiation coming to the panel of sunlight concentrators. The design of a hybrid concentrator-planar photovoltaic module based on heterostructure solar cells: A3B5 triple-junction and Si-HJT is presented. The results of initial outdoor studies of the module output characteristics are discussed and estimates of its energy efficiency are given. Keywords: hybrid concentrator-planar photovoltaic module, multijunction solar cell, Si-HJT planar photoconverter, diffusely scattered radiation.

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41

Wu, Ming-Chung, Ching-Mei Ho, Kai-Chi Hsiao, Shih-Hsuan Chen, Yin-Hsuan Chang, and Meng-Huan Jao. "Antisolvent Engineering to Enhance Photovoltaic Performance of Methylammonium Bismuth Iodide Solar Cells." Nanomaterials 13, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13010059.

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High absorption ability and direct bandgap makes lead-based perovskite to acquire high photovoltaic performance. However, lead content in perovskite becomes a double-blade for counterbalancing photovoltaic performance and sustainability. Herein, we develop a methylammonium bismuth iodide (MBI), a perovskite-derivative, to serve as a lead-free light absorber layer. Owing to the short carrier diffusion length of MBI, its film quality is a predominant factor to photovoltaic performance. Several candidates of non-polar solvent are discussed in aspect of their dipole moment and boiling point to reveal the effects of anti-solvent assisted crystallization. Through anti-solvent engineering of toluene, the morphology, crystallinity, and element distribution of MBI films are improved compared with those without toluene treatment. The improved morphology and crystallinity of MBI films promote photovoltaic performance over 3.2 times compared with the one without toluene treatment. The photovoltaic device can achieve 0.26% with minor hysteresis effect, whose hysteresis index reduces from 0.374 to 0.169. This study guides a feasible path for developing MBI photovoltaics.

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Zhang, Kaipeng, Qiming Song, and Junshuo Zhang. "Promotion and application of Convenient Photovoltaic Charging Car Sheds and Charging Piles." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 8, no. 1 (November 21, 2023): 216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajst.v8i1.14314.

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The purpose of this study is to explore China's national strategy to cope with global climate change, with a special focus on solar photovoltaic power generation projects in renewable energy, as well as convenient photovoltaic carports and charging pile projects under the requirements of energy development in Shandong Province. The author analyzes the photovoltaic project of Shandong Energy Building through research, including project situation, environmental resources, project construction and other aspects. The use of the idle carport roof of Shandong Energy Building to build distributed photovoltaics, the use of "self-generation, surplus electricity grid" mode to provide power supply services for enterprises, and for employees to provide charging services for new energy vehicles. Under the climatic conditions of Jinan, the photovoltaic power generation project has good feasibility.

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Wang, Qiang, Yan Liang, Hui Yao, Jianwei Li, Tianwei Liu, Thomas Frauenheim, Bin Wang, and Jian Wang. "Universal co-existence of photovoltaics and ferroelectricity from a two-dimensional 3R bilayer BX (X = P, As, Sb)." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 10, no. 3 (2022): 1048–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc03166j.

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Duan, Hsin-Sheng, Huanping Zhou, Qi Chen, Pengyu Sun, Song Luo, Tze-Bin Song, Brion Bob, and Yang Yang. "The identification and characterization of defect states in hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite photovoltaics." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 1 (2015): 112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp04479g.

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Zhou, Fu Fang, Chun Xu Pan, and Yuan Ming Huang. "Organic Photovoltaic Cells Prepared with Toluene Sulfonic Acid Doped Polypyrrole." Key Engineering Materials 428-429 (January 2010): 450–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.428-429.450.

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Organic photovoltaic cells were fabricated by sandwiching p-toluene sulfonic acid doped conducting polymer polypyrrole between indium-tin-oxide cathodes and aluminum anodes. The active polymeric layers could effectively absorb incident photons more than 75 % in the entire spectral region of 250~1100 nm. Upon light exposure, the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage were recorded up to 0.6 μA/cm2 and 60 mV, respectively, for the organic photovoltaic cells. The dynamics of the generation and decay of the photocurrent and photovoltage in our organic photovoltaic cells were investigated.

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Rajagukguk, Antonius, Dedet Candra Riawan, and Mochamad Ashari. "Performance Characteristics of Miniature Photovoltaic Farm Under Dynamic Partial Shading." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 11, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v11.i1.pp400-408.

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<p>This paper presents investigation of performance characteristic on a miniature photovoltaic farm under dynamic partially shaded condition. Effects of applying bypass diodes in each photovoltaics modul and the transient current of the diode is also investigated. The miniature of PV Farm consisting 4 photovoltaic panels, connected in series to form one string. The whole system comprises 5 photovoltaic strings, which are connected in parallel producing 30 volt and 60 watt peak power fromminiature PV farm. Shading of 10%, 20 % up to 50 % with dynamically changed is applied. Result from both laboratory tests and simulations is investigated and show very similar.</p>

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47

Ferguson, P. P., S. Gauvin, and N. Beaudoin. "On the importance of the MIS junction to the photovoltaic properties of ITO/TPD/Alq3/Al electroluminescent devices." Canadian Journal of Physics 91, no. 1 (January 2013): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2012-0113.

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Organic electroluminescent devices with an ITO/TPD/Alq3/Al structure are fabricated and tested for their photovoltaic properties. To produce an open-circuit photovoltage, a conditioning is required. Here, the conditioning is exposing the device to air for a short duration. Without this conditioning, the device produces a short-circuit photocurrent with practically no open-circuit photovoltage. Calculations and fits to the photovoltaic data show that this observation could be attributed to the formation of a metal–insulator–semiconductor junction between the Alq3 and the Al, where an insulating layer is created by this conditioning.

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Shin, Joong-Woo, Kwang-Hoon Yoon, Hui-Seok Chai, and Jae-Chul Kim. "Reliability-Centered Maintenance Scheduling of Photovoltaic Components According to Failure Effects." Energies 15, no. 7 (March 30, 2022): 2529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072529.

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In the power distribution system of South Korea, the sectionalizer minimizes and recovers the system from failures, and prohibits independent operation of distributed energy resources. Therefore, it is difficult to expect reliability improvements owing to a photovoltaic system in the power distribution system. Herein, we propose a reliability-centered maintenance-scheduling method based on an economic analysis of photovoltaic integration facilities to ensure the economic feasibility of the photovoltaic system operator and the reliability of the power distribution system. Photovoltaic integration facilities are divided into two categories based on their spread of the failure, and the maintenance scheduling is evaluated according to the maximum and minimum losses according to the time of failure. Facilities that cause power outages to photovoltaics and to loads have relatively little effect on the time of failure. This is because the effects of the power outages in the loads predominate. In contrast, facilities that only cause photovoltaic outages are affected by the generation time. In particular, insulated gate bipolar transistors that operate only during photovoltaic generation have been found to be more economical for corrective replacement than preventive replacement.

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Lee, Yun-Ju, Jian Wang, and Julia W. P. Hsu. "Surface photovoltage characterization of organic photovoltaic devices." Applied Physics Letters 103, no. 17 (October 21, 2013): 173302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4827104.

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Woszczyński, Mariusz, Joanna Rogala-Rojek, Sławomir Bartoszek, Marian Gaiceanu, Krzysztof Filipowicz, and Krzysztof Kotwica. "In Situ Tests of the Monitoring and Diagnostic System for Individual Photovoltaic Panels." Energies 14, no. 6 (March 22, 2021): 1770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061770.

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The dynamic development of photovoltaic systems in the world and in Poland is mainly related to the drop in prices of installation components. Currently, electricity from photovoltaics is one of the cheapest renewable energy sources. The basis for effective energy generation is, first of all, failure-free operation of the photovoltaic system over a long period of operation, up to 30 years. The paper presents the results of a study of a low-cost distributed system for monitoring and diagnosis of photovoltaic installations (SmartPV), capable of assessing the operating parameters of individual photovoltaic panels. The devices were tested by connecting them to an existing photovoltaic installation, allowing the measurement of operational parameters of individual photovoltaic panels as well as operating conditions such as illuminance and panel surface temperature. The data were recorded on a server using wireless Wi-Fi transmission. Interesting data were collected during the tests, confirming the usefulness of the suggested device for monitoring the photovoltaic installations. Differences in performance of the photovoltaic panel depending on solar radiation and surface temperature were recorded. The temperature coefficient of power was determined, allowing for increased accuracy in the prediction of generated power. The correct recording in different situation, i.e., shading, sensor damage or weather anomalies, was verified. Based on the collected data, rules will be defined for an expert application which, in combination with SmartPV devices, will ensure a quick response to any malfunctions of the photovoltaic system, both related to failures and those resulting from natural degradation during operation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Photovoltaic'

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